194:
20:
220:
contribute to this crisis. The consequences of biodiversity loss on ecological processes have as significant of an impact as various other prominent drivers of global environmental change such as climate change, forms of pollution, and more. With up to one million plant and animal species facing the
465:
Landrigan, Philip J; Fuller, Richard; Acosta, Nereus J R; Adeyi, Olusoji; Arnold, Robert; Basu, Niladri (Nil); Baldé, Abdoulaye Bibi; Bertollini, Roberto; Bose-O'Reilly, Stephan; Boufford, Jo Ivey; Breysse, Patrick N; Chiles, Thomas; Mahidol, Chulabhorn; Coll-Seck, Awa M; Cropper, Maureen L (2018).
599:
Cardinale, Bradley J.; Duffy, J. Emmett; Gonzalez, Andrew; Hooper, David U.; Perrings, Charles; Venail, Patrick; Narwani, Anita; Mace, Georgina M.; Tilman, David; Wardle, David A.; Kinzig, Ann P.; Daily, Gretchen C.; Loreau, Michel; Grace, James B.; Larigauderie, Anne (2012-06-07).
120:
Commission on pollution and health, pollution stands as the leading environmental cause of disease and death. In 2015, an estimated 9 million premature deaths were attributed to illnesses linked to pollution. With over 80% of urban populations currently exposed to
225:, biodiversity loss hurts an ecosystem's ability to properly function, making it harder for it to maintain a healthy environment. Furthermore, a loss in biodiversity makes it harder for ecosystems to adapt to climate change. With over half the
59:
The three crises interconnect to increase environmental risks and cause global economic loss. The framework is designed to address the need to mitigate and adapt to the challenges posed by pollution, climate crisis, and biodiversity loss.
129:
limits, air pollution levels in many urban cities, particularly those from low and middle income countries, are rising. Furthermore, pollution can impact the ecosystem through
250:
542:
Dobbins, James; Solomon, Richard H.; Chase, Michael S.; Henry, Ryan; Larrabee, F. Stephen; Lempert, Robert J.; Liepman, Andrew M.; Martini, Jeffrey; Ochmanek, David (2015),
254:
181:
and more. Furthermore, these conditions can lead to food and water insecurity, displacement and migration from coastal areas, an increase in transmission of
229:
being dependent on nature and the livelihoods of over 1 billion people worldwide connected to forests, the consequences of biodiversity loss are extensive.
336:
237:
The United
Nations system, through various agencies and initiatives, work to address the crisis alongside its member states. Currently, these include
795:
763:
555:
515:
56:
This term underscores the interdependence of these issues and their collective impact on the planet's ecosystems, societies, and economies.
790:
288:
242:
413:
Carney
Almroth, Bethanie; Cornell, Sarah E.; Diamond, Miriam L.; de Wit, Cynthia A.; Fantke, Peter; Wang, Zhanyun (October 2022).
273:
238:
204:
Biodiversity loss or ecological crisis refers to the significant reduction in the variety and abundance of species in
246:
261:
126:
64:
664:
63:
The framework is similar to other multidimensional analyses of human impacts on the environment including
278:
37:
193:
613:
426:
283:
72:
68:
209:
182:
134:
645:
561:
92:
759:
724:
716:
637:
629:
551:
497:
489:
444:
386:
311:
122:
104:
53:
49:
751:
706:
621:
479:
434:
217:
213:
100:
166:
138:
88:
617:
430:
565:
543:
162:
158:
154:
150:
45:
34:
711:
694:
484:
467:
337:"The triple planetary crisis: Forging a new relationship between people and the earth"
784:
84:
649:
362:"New environmental report offers solutions for 'triple planetary crisis' | UN News"
174:
743:
755:
439:
414:
361:
601:
585:
226:
222:
112:
720:
633:
493:
448:
415:"Understanding and addressing the planetary crisis of chemicals and plastics"
205:
108:
96:
41:
728:
641:
501:
257:, which aims to provide aid to refugees displaced by the climate crisis.
625:
178:
71:. For further information about human impacts on the environment, see
748:
Climate Change and
Displacement : Multidisciplinary Perspectives
665:"Biodiversity - our strongest natural defense against climate change"
130:
24:
83:
The pollution crisis includes various forms of pollution, including
516:"Air pollution levels rising in many of the world's poorest cities"
260:
For further information on consequences of the climate crisis, see
107:, and metals into the environment, impacting both human health and
197:
192:
170:
40:
to describe the three intersecting global environmental crises of
19:
18:
161:
in the Earth's atmosphere. It leads to rising temperatures,
157:, which have resulted from the excessive accumulation of
695:"Biodiversity loss—more than an environmental emergency"
550:, Strategic Rethink, RAND Corporation, pp. 69–84,
588:(Report). World Health Organization. pp. 94–106.
200:, an invasive species, on trees in Atlanta, Georgia
468:"The Lancet Commission on pollution and health"
744:"Conceptualising Climate-Induced Displacement"
602:"Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity"
16:Three intersecting global environmental crises
8:
208:worldwide. Anthropogenic activities such as
710:
483:
438:
548:Choices for America in a Turbulent World
99:and harmful chemicals such as synthetic
95:. It is characterized by the release of
300:
251:UN Convention to Combat Desertification
33:is a term and framework adopted by the
312:"What is the Triple Planetary Crisis?"
169:events such as extreme precipitation,
688:
686:
684:
7:
537:
535:
460:
458:
408:
406:
306:
304:
289:United Nations Environment Programme
584:Organization, World Health (2021).
14:
255:UN High Commissioner for Refugees
391:education.nationalgeographic.org
796:Human impact on the environment
149:The climate crisis encompasses
233:The role of the United Nations
1:
712:10.1016/s2542-5196(19)30113-5
485:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32345-0
274:Sustainable Development Goals
756:10.5040/9781472565211.ch-005
440:10.1016/j.oneear.2022.09.012
791:Global environmental issues
699:The Lancet Planetary Health
812:
262:effects of climate change
127:World Health Organization
65:global catastrophic risk
23:Pollution on a beach in
566:10.7249/j.ctt17mvhfj.13
177:events, severe storms,
31:Triple Planetary Crisis
742:Kälin, Walter (2010),
201:
27:
279:Wildlife Conservation
196:
22:
284:Environmental Policy
183:water-borne diseases
73:environmental issues
69:planetary boundaries
750:, Hart Publishing,
693:Roe, Dilys (2019).
626:10.1038/nature11148
618:2012Natur.486...59C
431:2022OEart...5.1070C
210:habitat destruction
135:ocean acidification
478:(10119): 462–512.
202:
123:air quality levels
93:soil contamination
54:ecological crises.
28:
765:978-1-84946-038-5
663:Nations, United.
557:978-0-8330-9109-3
425:(10): 1070–1074.
239:UN Climate Change
189:Biodiversity loss
111:. As reported by
101:organic chemicals
50:biodiversity loss
803:
775:
774:
773:
772:
739:
733:
732:
714:
705:(7): e287–e289.
690:
679:
678:
676:
675:
660:
654:
653:
596:
590:
589:
581:
575:
574:
573:
572:
544:"Climate Change"
539:
530:
529:
527:
526:
512:
506:
505:
487:
462:
453:
452:
442:
410:
401:
400:
398:
397:
383:
377:
376:
374:
373:
358:
352:
351:
349:
348:
333:
327:
326:
324:
323:
308:
218:invasive species
214:overexploitation
159:greenhouse gases
131:albedo reduction
811:
810:
806:
805:
804:
802:
801:
800:
781:
780:
779:
778:
770:
768:
766:
741:
740:
736:
692:
691:
682:
673:
671:
662:
661:
657:
612:(7401): 59–67.
598:
597:
593:
583:
582:
578:
570:
568:
558:
541:
540:
533:
524:
522:
514:
513:
509:
464:
463:
456:
412:
411:
404:
395:
393:
385:
384:
380:
371:
369:
360:
359:
355:
346:
344:
335:
334:
330:
321:
319:
318:. 13 April 2022
310:
309:
302:
297:
270:
247:UN Biodiversity
235:
191:
167:extreme weather
147:
139:ozone depletion
89:water pollution
81:
17:
12:
11:
5:
809:
807:
799:
798:
793:
783:
782:
777:
776:
764:
734:
680:
669:United Nations
655:
591:
586:Climate change
576:
556:
531:
507:
454:
402:
378:
353:
328:
299:
298:
296:
293:
292:
291:
286:
281:
276:
269:
266:
243:UN Environment
234:
231:
190:
187:
163:sea-level rise
155:climate change
151:global warming
146:
145:Climate crisis
143:
80:
77:
46:climate crisis
35:United Nations
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
808:
797:
794:
792:
789:
788:
786:
767:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
738:
735:
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
708:
704:
700:
696:
689:
687:
685:
681:
670:
666:
659:
656:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
595:
592:
587:
580:
577:
567:
563:
559:
553:
549:
545:
538:
536:
532:
521:
517:
511:
508:
503:
499:
495:
491:
486:
481:
477:
473:
469:
461:
459:
455:
450:
446:
441:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
409:
407:
403:
392:
388:
382:
379:
367:
363:
357:
354:
342:
338:
332:
329:
317:
313:
307:
305:
301:
294:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
267:
265:
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
232:
230:
228:
224:
219:
215:
211:
207:
199:
195:
188:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
144:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:greater than
124:
119:
118:
115:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
85:air pollution
78:
76:
74:
70:
66:
61:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
36:
32:
26:
21:
769:, retrieved
747:
737:
702:
698:
672:. Retrieved
668:
658:
609:
605:
594:
579:
569:, retrieved
547:
523:. Retrieved
519:
510:
475:
471:
422:
418:
394:. Retrieved
390:
381:
370:. Retrieved
368:. 2022-02-17
365:
356:
345:. Retrieved
343:. 2020-07-14
340:
331:
320:. Retrieved
315:
259:
236:
203:
185:, and more.
175:extreme heat
148:
141:, and more.
116:
113:
82:
62:
58:
30:
29:
520:www.who.int
387:"Pollution"
366:news.un.org
785:Categories
771:2023-11-02
674:2023-11-09
571:2023-11-02
525:2023-11-21
472:The Lancet
396:2023-11-08
372:2023-01-31
347:2023-01-31
322:2023-01-31
316:unfccc.int
295:References
227:global GDP
223:extinction
221:threat of
206:ecosystems
109:ecosystems
97:pollutants
721:2542-5196
634:0028-0836
494:0140-6736
449:2590-3322
419:One Earth
79:Pollution
42:pollution
729:31326068
642:22678280
502:29056410
268:See also
253:and the
171:flooding
105:plastics
650:4333166
614:Bibcode
427:Bibcode
179:drought
52:and/or
762:
727:
719:
648:
640:
632:
606:Nature
564:
554:
500:
492:
447:
249:, the
216:, and
165:, and
117:Lancet
91:, and
38:system
25:Guyana
646:S2CID
562:JSTOR
198:Kudzu
760:ISBN
725:PMID
717:ISSN
638:PMID
630:ISSN
552:ISBN
498:PMID
490:ISSN
445:ISSN
341:UNEP
153:and
67:and
752:doi
707:doi
622:doi
610:486
480:doi
476:391
435:doi
114:The
787::
758:,
746:,
723:.
715:.
701:.
697:.
683:^
667:.
644:.
636:.
628:.
620:.
608:.
604:.
560:,
546:,
534:^
518:.
496:.
488:.
474:.
470:.
457:^
443:.
433:.
421:.
417:.
405:^
389:.
364:.
339:.
314:.
303:^
264:.
245:,
241:,
212:,
173:,
137:,
133:,
103:,
87:,
75:.
48:,
44:,
754::
731:.
709::
703:3
677:.
652:.
624::
616::
528:.
504:.
482::
451:.
437::
429::
423:5
399:.
375:.
350:.
325:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.