1991 Atlantic hurricane season

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low-level circulation. Thunderstorms began developing on September 7, and the system organized into Tropical Depression Eight the following day about 920 mi (1,480 km) northeast of the Lesser Antilles; at the same time, it was located about midway between Hurricane Claudette and Tropical Storm Danny. Initially the center was difficult to locate on satellite imagery, but despite the proximity with Claudette, conditions were generally favorable for intensification. By late on September 9, the depression had become much better organized, and based on satellite estimates the NHC upgraded it to Tropical Storm Erika.

568:, of which less than six would become hurricanes. Later that month, the Weather Research Center forecast ten named storms and six hurricanes, of which five would become major hurricanes while three would hit the United States. In early June, Gray released an updated report that predicted the formation of eight tropical storms, four hurricanes, and one major hurricane. The revised June total was very close to the actual season activity, with the exception of forecasting one fewer major hurricane. However, a later revision in August incorrectly anticipated less activity, when Gray predicted seven storms and three hurricanes. 2740: 1780:. The system was labeled as such due to the initial lack of deep convection over the center, although following an increase in thunderstorms the NHC reclassified it as Tropical Storm Grace late on October 27. By that time, the storm had executed a path generally to the northwest. Grace continued to intensify and organize, and based on Hurricane Hunter reports the storm was upgraded to a hurricane early on October 28. Shortly thereafter, Grace turned sharply to the east due to the influence of a rapidly intensifying extratropical cyclone off the 1349:, moving into the tropical Atlantic Ocean with rainbands around its convection. By early on September 7, the system organized into Tropical Depression Seven about 300 mi (480 km) south-southwest of Cape Verde. Upon developing, the depression had a broad circulation, located in an environment generally favorable for intensification. With a strong ridge to the north, the depression tracked steadily westward. After remaining a tropical depression for about 36 hours, the system became better organized and developed well-defined 1361:. Later that day, an upper-level low increased wind shear over the storm, which exposed the circulation from the deep convection. As Danny approached the Lesser Antilles, it weakened to tropical depression status on September 11. Later that day, a Hurricane Hunters flight was unable to locate a closed circulation, which indicated that Danny degenerated into a tropical wave about 150 mi (240 km) east of the Lesser Antilles. The remnants tracked to the northwest and later to the north before being absorbed by a frontal system. 39: 5921: 1261:, or the outward wind flow from a storm. On September 6 at 0600 UTC, Claudette attained hurricane status. It underwent rapid intensification, and early on September 7 a reconnaissance flight reported that Claudette attained major hurricane status with winds of 115 mph (185 km/h). Based on satellite estimates, Hurricane Claudette attained its peak intensity with winds of 130 mph (210 km/h) and a minimum pressure 944 mbar (27.9 inHg). 1836: 1126: 1204: 1437:. On September 10, the storm developed a central dense overcast as it attained its peak winds of 60 mph (97 km/h). It accelerated east-northeastward toward the Azores along the northern periphery of a ridge, briefly interacting with Claudette. By September 11, the convection had diminished, leaving the center exposed as Erika underwent extratropical transition. Shortly thereafter it passed through the Azores, striking 611:. From late April to late November, there were 73 tropical waves that exited the west coast of Africa. The total was higher than average, although many of them were poorly defined and had little thunderstorm activity. The waves traversed the Atlantic Ocean further south than normal, typically not becoming convectively active until moving across northern South America. Cyclogenesis was also suppressed by higher than normal 1466: 1381: 1724: 1289: 6082: 1828: 903: 667: 1212: 1474: 3934: 1698:, which is a method of estimating the intensity of tropical cyclones via satellite. At the time of development, the depression had a small area of convection near and east of the center, and due to the wind shear it was never expected to intensify. By October 25, the circulation had become dissociated from the convection. The depression dissipated soon after without affecting land. 1732: 1389: 1297: 5276: 1269:(51 km/h), and waves reached up to 8 ft (2.4 m) in height. By September 10, Claudette weakened to tropical storm status as it accelerated eastward. The next day it deteriorated further to tropical depression status, and the next day Claudette became extratropical to the southwest of the Azores. It persisted two more days until dissipating over the Azores. 1653: 1134: 1065: 911: 812: 675: 1029:, where 8.24 in (209 mm) fell during its passage. Across the United States, damage totaled $ 1.5 billion (1991 USD), including over $ 1 billion in Massachusetts. The high damage total made Bob among the ten costliest U.S. hurricanes at the time. In addition, there were 15 fatalities in the country. In Canada, high waves killed two people. In 3963: 3942: 1106:

center. It was initially well-organized, but the depression was not expected to intensify due to marginal water temperatures; tropical cyclones generally require warm waters to develop. By August 25, the system lost much of its deep convection, and on August 26 the depression dissipated to the west-southwest of the Cape Verde islands.

4651: 1943:. High waves swept a person to their death in both Rhode Island and Puerto Rico, and another person was blown off a bridge in New York. The tropical cyclone that formed late in the storm's duration caused little impact, limited to power outages and slick roads; one person was killed in Newfoundland from a traffic accident related to the storm. 5268: 3971: 804: 1057: 1645: 634:(ACE) rating of 36. ACE is, broadly speaking, a measure of the power of the hurricane multiplied by the length of time it existed, so storms that last a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have high ACEs. ACE is only calculated for full advisories on tropical systems at or exceeding 34 1912:

Damage totaled over $ 200 million (1991 USD) and the death toll was thirteen. Most of the damage occurred while the storm was extratropical, after waves up to 30 ft (9.1 m) struck the coastline from Canada to Florida and southeastward to Puerto Rico. In Massachusetts, where damage

951:

Hurricane Bob originated from a decaying cold front, developing into a tropical depression early on August 16 near the Bahamas. It produced an area of organized convection, and the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Bob roughly 18 hours after forming. It gradually organized over the

627:. The season produced twelve tropical depressions, which was the lowest in five years. The eight tropical storms was the lowest amount in four years. Four of the storms developed into hurricanes, although for the first time in over 24 years, none of the hurricanes originated from tropical waves. 1693:

A tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa on October 19. Moving westward, it developed a weak circulation on October 23. Despite the presence of strong shear, the system was upgraded to a tropical depression at 2200 UTC on October 24 about 1,100 miles (1,800 km) east of

1268:

was issued for the island of Bermuda, which was later upgraded to a warning. The hurricane turned to the northwest, passing 136 miles (219 km) east of Bermuda as a Category 1 hurricane on September 8. Winds on the island peaked at 23 mph (37 km/h), with gusts to 32 mph

1787:

As the hurricane accelerated eastward, it attained a peak intensity of 100 mph (160 km/h) on October 29. The rapid motion caused an asymmetry in the wind field, and the center passed approximately 50 mi (80 km) south of Bermuda without significantly affecting the island. A

1921:

at the time. More than 38,000 people were left without power, and along the coast high waves inundated roads and buildings. In portions of New England, damage was worse than had occurred from Hurricane Bob two months prior. However, aside from tidal flooding along rivers, the storm's effects

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to the north, the depression maintained a general westward track. Ultimately, the depression failed to organize significantly. By August 29, it had a broad and poorly organized circulation with only scattered convection. Due to cool water temperatures, the system was unable to maintain deep

1020:

which destroyed coastal roads in the state. Monetary damage was greatest in Massachusetts, and along Bob's path through southeastern New England more than 60% of people were left without power. High tides and strong winds destroyed boats and houses along the Massachusetts coastline. The heaviest

1356:

Upon becoming a tropical storm, only slow strengthening was forecast, due to the presence of an upper-level trough to its west. The storm ultimately reached peak winds of 50 mph (80 km/h), which it maintained for about 36 hours. On September 10 it attained its organizational

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This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 1991 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a

1429:

The origins of Tropical Storm Erika were from a tropical wave that exited the coast of Africa on September 2. It moved northwestward, passing through Cape Verde the following day. The system had most of the thunderstorms along the southern portion of the wave as it maintained a very large

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One of the few vigorous tropical waves of the season emerged from the western coast of Africa with a large area of convection in late August. On August 24 it developed into a tropical depression near Cape Verde. Upon first forming, the depression had a circular area of convection near the

1445:

reported tropical storm force winds with gusts to 67 mph (108 km/h), prompting the closure of the airfield for several hours. On September 12, Erika weakened to a tropical depression before completing the transition into an extratropical cyclone. It dissipated later that day.

869:, on July 6. The National Hurricane Center issued the final advisory on July 7, although the circulation persisted until July 9 southwest of Texas. The depression had only minor impacts in Mexico and Texas, other than rainfall. Precipitation was heaviest in the state of 1256:

from an upper-level disturbance. Following its formation, it developed slowly while moving southwestward, and on September 5 it intensified into Tropical Storm Claudette. Conditions were favorable for development, with low wind shear and a large anticyclone providing

607:. In most seasons, the majority of storms develop from tropical waves. Of the season's twelve tropical cyclones, only five originated from tropical waves; in addition, only three of the eight tropical storms were from tropical waves, and none had the characteristics of a 964:

over the Atlantic and the trough over the southeastern United States. After further intensification off the Carolinas, Bob reached peak winds of 115 mph (185 km/h) to the east of Virginia on August 19, making it a major hurricane. Significantly cooler

767:

of 38 mph (61 km/h) over a period of eight and a half minutes. As a result, the National Hurricane Center upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Ana. The storm accelerated east-northeastward toward a stalled frontal zone, entering an area of increased

1008:. In neighboring Connecticut, strong winds downed trees across the region, with damage heaviest in the southeastern portion near the coast. Damage was heaviest as Bob made its final landfall, with wind gusts of 105 mph (169 km/h) reported on 865:. Nearing the coast of Mexico, the depression attained its peak intensity with winds of 35 mph (56 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 1,007 mbar (29.7 inHg). Failing to intensify further, Tropical Depression Two made landfall near 1589:, as well as the Isle of Youth. There was also a tropical storm watch for the Florida Keys, as well as a tropical storm warning for the Bahamas. Before the storm hit the Cuban mainland, it produced wind gusts to 40 mph (64 km/h) in 1908:

and turned toward the northeast. On November 1 the system evolved into a full-fledged hurricane with peak winds of 75 mph (120 km/h). The tropical system weakened, striking Nova Scotia as a tropical storm before dissipating.

856:

emerged off the coast of Africa on June 20, and no significant development occurred until it became Tropical Depression Two in the western Gulf of Mexico on July 5. On its first advisory, a tropical storm watch was issued for from

1174:

Around the same time as the previous system dissipated, another tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa on August 26. On August 28 it formed into a tropical depression about 560 mi (900 km) southwest of

762:

As the depression moved northeastward parallel to the southeast United States coastline, it dropped light rainfall, although portions of Virginia recorded more than 5 inches (130 mm). Late on July 3, a buoy reported

332:. It caused $ 1.5 billion in damage (1991 USD), mostly in Massachusetts, and 17 fatalities. The strongest hurricane of the season was Claudette, which reached peak winds of 130 mph (210 km/h) near 1922:

were primarily along the coastline. A buoy off the coast of Nova Scotia reported a wave height of 100.7 ft (30.7 m), the highest ever recorded in the province's offshore waters. In the middle of the storm, the

5306: 3172: 3074: 5673: 5607: 5887: 5521: 3005: 2972: 5488: 1000:

The hurricane first affected the Carolinas, spawning four confirmed and nine unconfirmed tornadoes in North Carolina. One person each died in North and South Carolina, and about 10% of houses in the

5551: 1939:. Off the coast of New York, a Coast Guard helicopter ran out of fuel and crashed, and although four members of its crew were rescued, one was killed. Two people died after their boat sank off 1601:. In a six-hour period, Punta del Este recorded 5 in (130 mm). Prior to the storm's passage, two state parks were closed in the Florida Keys, and a few storm shelters were opened in 1554:

that had produced tropical storm force winds over the area. Initially the storm was disorganized, with its strongest winds located primarily east of the center. An eastward-moving upper-level

2206:

traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1991 USD.

1546:. Based on the report, the NHC designated the system as Tropical Storm Fabian. although the NHC later assessed that the system developed as a tropical depression earlier that day. With a 981:, with winds of 100 mph (160 km/h), making it a Category 2 hurricane. It rapidly weakened to tropical storm intensity while moving through the remainder of New England, hitting 281:

and dissipated without causing significant effects. Two other tropical storms in the season – Danny and Erika – did not significantly affect land. Danny dissipated east of the

772:. Despite these hostile conditions, Ana strengthened slightly, reaching peak winds of 50 mph (80 km/h). Moving over cooler waters and interacting with the frontal zone, the 5388: 5880: 5573: 1433:

Upon becoming a tropical storm, Erika began a motion to the northeast. There was initial uncertainty whether Erika or nearby Claudette would become the dominant system through

5706: 5795: 5452: 6253: 6248: 2778: 2774: 743:

recorded a statewide peak of 7.86 in (200 mm) of precipitation. The low moved northwestward and later curved northeastward, exiting into the Atlantic Ocean near

5639: 6207: 4325: 4296: 4270: 4163: 1617:

recorded sustained winds of 28 mph (45 km/h) with gusts to 32 mph (51 km/h). Only isolated flooding happened from the precursor system to Fabian. In

5762: 5363: 4826: 4800: 4716: 4351: 4241: 4215: 4189: 5185: 4936: 4878: 4774: 4745: 4687: 4611: 4585: 4559: 4530: 4468: 4442: 4413: 5214: 5130: 5101: 5075: 5049: 5023: 4852: 4504: 4387: 3291: 3097:"Comparison of Weather Research Center's [WRC] OCSI Atlantic Annual Seasonal Hurricane Forecasts with Colorado State Professor Bill Gray's Seasonal Forecasts" 1004:

sustained minor roof damage. As the storm moved up the coast, heavy rain fell on the western side of the center. High winds left 300,000 people without power on

5243: 4994: 4907: 4130: 4104: 4078: 4052: 4026: 4000: 3615: 3477: 3420: 1179:. Upon developing, the depression had a small area of convection with a spiral rainband, and the NHC anticipated slow strengthening to tropical storm status. With a 5873: 3887: 3742: 3706: 3672: 3589: 3365: 2905: 1913:

was heaviest, over 100 homes were destroyed or severely damaged. To the north, more than 100 homes were affected in Maine, including the vacation home of

5298: 3858: 3555: 3529: 3503: 3164: 3066: 5908: 5665: 5599: 3829: 578: 196: 5513: 2997: 2964: 2162:

later evolved into a hurricane; the National Hurricane Center left it unnamed due to the heavy damage and media interest in the predecessor extratropical storm.

591: 6236: 6231: 5480: 3771: 3200: 2788: 2784: 1788:

rapidly approaching cold front absorbed Grace on October 29, contributing moisture to the developing extratropical storm that was eventually known as the

564:

released his forecast for the year's activity, a yearly practice that he began in 1984. In early April, Gray anticipated a "mild" season with fewer than ten

5543: 1960: 1792:. As a tropical cyclone, Grace produced squally conditions across Bermuda, but no damage was reported. The hurricane generated large swells along the 6265: 6260: 2798: 2794: 2176: 6348: 6085: 5850: 5423: 2938: 960:, Bob attained hurricane status on August 17. Shortly thereafter, the hurricane began to turn towards the north-northeast in response to a 587: 6242: 3139: 2768: 211: 1892:

on October 28. The system moved southward and westward due to a ridge to its north, and reached its peak intensity. The storm lashed the

589: 6200: 1578: 1265: 1184:

convection, and on August 31 the depression degenerated into a tropical wave about 400 miles (640 km) east of the Lesser Antilles.

6319: 4962: 2808: 3451: 1625:

reported rainfall of 3.68 inches (93 mm), but this too was attributed to the precursor frontal system, rather than Fabian itself.

3909: 3041: 1956: 5577: 3800: 3394: 586: 5784: 5695: 2182: 1965:

The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in 1991. This is the same list used for the

1811: 1566:

before crossing western Cuba. By early on October 16, the center was becoming difficult to locate as Fabian moved through the

6193: 266: 6324: 5628: 3103: 2803: 2676: 2249: 1893: 368:

to Florida and northward through Canada. It later transitioned into a hurricane over the Gulf Stream, finally dissipating over

273:

officially began on June 1, and ended on November 30. It was the least active in four years due to higher than usual

5735: 4321: 4292: 4266: 4159: 6173: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6121: 6115: 5758: 5359: 4822: 4796: 4712: 4347: 4237: 4211: 4185: 3324: 2870: 2849: 2194: 1966: 1918: 1022: 624: 620: 534: 530: 525: 512: 508: 503: 498: 258: 241: 237: 229: 225: 5181: 4932: 4874: 4767: 4738: 4680: 4607: 4581: 4555: 4526: 4464: 4438: 4409: 5210: 5126: 5097: 5071: 5045: 5019: 4848: 4497: 4380: 3295: 6287: 5159: 4987: 4903: 4126: 4100: 4074: 4048: 4022: 3996: 3611: 3473: 3416: 2758: 1338: 1252:

The origins of Claudette were non-tropical, developing on September 4 about 650 mi (1,050 km) southeast of

201: 3880: 3735: 3699: 3665: 3582: 3358: 6031: 3851: 3551: 3525: 3499: 337: 3822: 6303: 2909: 2763: 1442: 206: 588: 5638:

Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. April 1991. p. 3-6.

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from the Atlantic hurricane name lists following the 1991 season due to its high impact. The name was replaced with

5337: 3640: 2334: 1586: 1531: 974: 756: 752: 631: 5920: 5794:

Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. May 1997. p. 3-7.

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Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. May 1985. p. 3-7.

1605:. As it passed east of the state, it dropped rainfall near the coast that peaked at 4.19 in (106 mm) in 38: 6216: 6102: 4636: 2897: 2866: 2753: 1593:. Its primary form of impact was from heavy rainfall in a 24‑hour period, peaking at 6.2 inches (160 mm) in 608: 415: 270: 254: 221: 5821: 2213: 157: 2745: 1933: 1929: 1622: 1610: 966: 748: 744: 604: 3267: 3240: 619:. There were also no tropical storms in the Gulf of Mexico for only the third time in the 20th century, after 2845: 2832: 2266: 1952: 1539: 803: 773: 278: 1900:, before turning to the southwest and weakening. Moving over warmer waters, the system transitioned into a 1353:. Based on satellite intensity estimates, the NHC upgraded it to Tropical Storm Danny on September 8. 6055: 5865: 3245: 2629: 2021: 1707: 1345:) was first observed in western Africa on September 2. Three days later it emerged from the coast at 764: 349: 325: 1877: 1258: 978: 777: 720: 642:

are excluded from the total, the figure above includes periods when storms were in a subtropical phase.

596: 360:. Originating from an extratropical storm, the Perfect Storm intensified while moving westward toward 5419: 3254: 2931: 2297: 1602: 1555: 1438: 990: 866: 740: 732: 600: 352:, the final named storm of the season, provided the energy that led to the development of a powerful 180: 4632: 2400: 1905: 1901: 1835: 1180: 1125: 1056: 862: 727:

located over Florida. The cold-core low gradually developed to the surface, and on June 29, a

639: 294: 5855: 1644: 6067: 2932:

Summary of 1984 Atlantic Seasonal Tropical Cyclone Activity and Verification of Author's Forecast

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that day it had developed into Tropical Depression One about 85 mi (137 km) south of

3272: 2412: 2208: 1914: 1777: 1614: 1551: 1535: 961: 957: 858: 728: 4958: 308:, which at the time was among the ten costliest United States hurricanes. After brushing the 3447: 3262: 2828: 1897: 1776:. By two days later it had become a surface low, and on October 26 it developed into a 1695: 1594: 1527: 1434: 1358: 1203: 565: 321: 3913: 3935:"Storm sweeps 2 teens to sea 'The wave just sucked them away ... The ocean was wild'" 3796: 3390: 2680: 2408: 1889: 1793: 1567: 1337:

One of the most vigorous tropical waves of the season (which also led to the formation of

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by early on July 2. Although it was initially disorganized as it moved offshore, the

561: 282: 113: 17: 3258: 1465: 1380: 6096: 5860: 3037: 2396: 2326: 1723: 1288: 313: 6342: 5959: 4655: 2379: 2004: 1940: 1867: 1763: 1684: 1618: 1563: 1543: 1523: 1515: 1505: 1420: 1328: 1243: 1165: 1096: 1034: 986: 942: 886: 853: 843: 739:. It moved westward across southern Florida, dropping heavy rainfall along its path. 716: 706: 353: 305: 290: 262: 109: 5731: 3096: 1827: 1211: 902: 666: 1885: 1013: 1009: 874: 329: 3317: 277:

across the Atlantic Ocean. The first storm, Ana, developed on July 2 off the

780:

in the northern Atlantic Ocean about 680 mi (1,090 km) to the south of

5155: 2848:

of at least 111 mph (179 km/h), or a Category 3 or higher on the

2404: 1924: 1781: 1473: 1030: 1005: 1001: 970: 953: 724: 635: 369: 365: 361: 317: 309: 1731: 1388: 1296: 595:

Overall activity in 1991 was below normal. This was partially due to decreased

2735: 2285: 1863: 1759: 1680: 1562:. After reaching peak winds of 45 mph (72 km/h), Fabian crossed the 1559: 1519: 1501: 1416: 1324: 1239: 1176: 1161: 1092: 938: 839: 769: 702: 612: 274: 105: 3276: 638:(39 mph; 63 km/h) or tropical storm strength. Although officially, 6185: 3131: 3029: 2862: 1784:

coast. An eye developed in the center of Grace, despite shallow convection.

1652: 1133: 1064: 910: 811: 781: 674: 2901: 379: 3964:"Hurricane Bob lashes coast 2 swept out to sea as storm hits Nova Scotia" 1350: 994: 776:

became broad as the thunderstorms diminished. On July 5, Ana became

5333: 3636: 3323:. Asheville, North Carolina: National Climatic Data Center. p. 4. 2586: 2330: 1773: 1571: 1342: 1253: 736: 364:, leaving $ 200 million in damage and causing coastal damage from 345: 333: 4904:"Post-Storm Report - Preliminary Storm Summary: Tropical Storm Fabian" 1928:

sunk, claiming the lives of its crew of six, which later inspired the

5825: 2364: 1574:

and became extratropical as it interacted with an approaching front.

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After peaking, Claudette began steady weakening. Around that time, a

298: 286: 723:, by June 25. The system moved in a clockwise motion around an 3318:"National Climatic Data Center Global Tropical Cyclone Stewardship" 1526:

on October 12, which produced an area of thunderstorms in the

1346: 1026: 616: 4654:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

3294:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from 5791: 5702: 5635: 2582: 1598: 341: 6189: 6100: 5869: 3316:

Kruk, Michael C.; Knapp, Kenneth; Levinson, David; Ksson, Jim.

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who have been flying into tropical storms and hurricanes since

715:

The first storm of the season was Ana, which originated from a

3165:"Hurricane Expert Cuts Number of Storms Predicted This Season" 1694:

the Lesser Antilles. This was based on a rating of 1.5 on the

873:, where the rainfall peaked at 17.47 in (444 mm) in 585: 3197:"North Atlantic Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics" 2937:(Report). Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. 2223: 2220: 1904:

before becoming a tropical storm. It executed a loop off the

2235: 2232: 5861:

U.S. Rainfall information concerning 1991 tropical cyclones

3132:"Facts add up to mild season, hurricane forecaster reports" 2229: 1037:, tropical storm-force winds downed trees and power lines. 3970:. Associated Press. 1991-08-20. p. A3. Archived from 3941:. Associated Press. 1991-08-20. p. A3. Archived from 3292:"Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT" 2226: 1577:

When Fabian first formed, the government of Cuba issued a

630:

The season's activity was reflected with a low cumulative

336:. It passed near the island but did not cause any damage. 5458:(Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5394:(Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5249:(Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 3268:

10.1175/1520-0493(1992)120<2688:ATSO>2.0.CO;2

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and lasted another nine days before dissipating west of

1876:

The precursor of the season's final storm was a strong

4849:"Tropical Storm Fabian Intermediate Advisory Number 1" 2238: 1542:

of 40 mph (64 km/h) to the southwest of the

4681:"Tropical Storm Fabian Preliminary Report (Page One)" 3912:. Boston, MA National Weather Service. Archived from 3526:"Tropical Depression Two Public Advisory Number Five" 3199:. Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. 5574:"History – CGC Tamaroa and "The Perfect Storm"" 4498:"Tropical Storm Erika Preliminary Report (Page One)" 4381:"Tropical Storm Danny Preliminary Report (Page One)" 4293:"Hurricane Claudette Preliminary Report (Page Five)" 3850:

Hartford, CT National Weather Service (1991-08-23).

3552:"Tropical Depression Two Public Advisory Number Six" 3500:"Tropical Depression Two Public Advisory Number One" 751:

quickly developed in organization, and by 1800

381:

Predictions of tropical activity in the 1991 season

6312: 6296: 6275: 6223: 5732:"Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names" 5299:"Hurricane Grace Kicks up Waves, Avoids N.C. Coast" 4768:"Tropical Storm Fabian Preliminary Report (page 2)" 4739:"Tropical Storm Fabian Preliminary Report (page 2)" 3857:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 3828:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1852: 1844: 1796:of the United States, causing minor beach erosion. 1748: 1740: 1669: 1661: 1558:imparted a northeast motion as well as unfavorable 1490: 1482: 1405: 1397: 1313: 1305: 1228: 1220: 1150: 1142: 1081: 1073: 927: 919: 828: 820: 691: 683: 187: 175: 167: 153: 145: 137: 129: 124: 100: 86: 78: 69: 61: 53: 48: 31: 5514:"Wind and water take toll along Connecticut Shore" 5334:"A comparative retrospective on the Perfect Storm" 4897: 4895: 4633:"Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" 3908:David R. Vallee and Michael R. Dion (2005-12-05). 3391:"Tropical Depression Ana – June 29 – July 4, 1991" 3253:(11). American Meteorological Society: 2688–2696. 5211:"Hurricane Grace Preliminary Report (Page Three)" 5204: 5202: 5120: 5118: 4322:"Hurricane Claudette Preliminary Report (Page 3)" 4267:"Hurricane Claudette Preliminary Report (Page 2)" 3852:"Preliminary Survey Hurricane Bob... Final Issue" 560:Before the start of the season, hurricane expert 340:was the only tropical storm to move over or near 5600:"East battered by storm born off Canada; 4 lost" 3729: 3727: 3725: 3723: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3659: 3657: 3576: 3574: 3572: 3448:"Tropical Depression Two – July 4–10, 1991" 5759:"Unnamed Hurricane Preliminary Report (Page 4)" 5360:"Unnamed Hurricane Preliminary Report (Page 1)" 5269:"Bermuda Braces for Brush with Hurricane Grace" 5127:"Hurricane Grace Preliminary Report (Page Two)" 5098:"Hurricane Grace Preliminary Report (Page One)" 4186:"Tropical Storm Claudette Public Advisory Four" 3700:"Hurricane Bob Preliminary Report (Page Three)" 2906:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 4348:"Hurricane Claudette Public Advisory Nineteen" 4127:"Tropical Depression Five Discussion Thirteen" 3879:David R. Vallee and Paul Sisson (1991-08-23). 3736:"Hurricane Bob Preliminary Report (Page Four)" 1772:On October 23 a mid-level low formed south of 579:Timeline of the 1991 Atlantic hurricane season 293:. In addition, there were four non-developing 197:Timeline of the 1991 Atlantic hurricane season 6201: 5983: 5971: 5881: 5820:Maher, Brian; Beven, Jack (August 10, 1997). 5734:. Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. 4959:"Tropical Storm Fabian - October 13-16, 1991" 3770:. Cape Hatteras NC National Weather Service. 3666:"Hurricane Bob Preliminary Report (Page Two)" 3583:"Hurricane Bob Preliminary Report (Page One)" 3239:Lixion Avila; Richard Pasch (November 1992). 2844:A major hurricane is a tropical cyclone with 615:, as well as low rainfall amounts across the 304:The most significant storm of the season was 297:. The second depression of the season struck 8: 6043: 5947: 5856:Detailed information on all storms from 1991 4988:"Tropical Depression Ten Preliminary Report" 3040:. Associated Press. 1991-04-06. p. 3A. 5824:. National Hurricane Center. Archived from 5666:"Ana, Bob, Claudette first hurricane names" 5382: 5380: 5237: 5235: 5233: 5231: 5156:"1991's 'perfect storm' a hybrid hurricane" 4926: 4924: 4902:Dennis Henize (WFO Key West) (1991-10-17). 4212:"Hurricane Claudette Public Advisory Eight" 4023:"Tropical Depression Four Discussion Three" 3030:"Researcher predicts mild hurricane season" 603:that move across the ocean with associated 6208: 6194: 6186: 6097: 5888: 5874: 5866: 5336:. Boston National Weather Service Office. 5149: 5147: 5046:"Tropical Depression Ten Discussion Three" 4933:"Tropical Storm Fabian Preliminary Report" 4527:"Tropical Depression Eight Discussion Two" 4410:"Tropical Depression Seven Discussion One" 4238:"Hurricane Claudette Public Advisory Nine" 4075:"Tropical Depression Five Discussion Five" 3886:. Providence RI National Weather Service. 3290:Hurricane Research Division (March 2011). 3191: 3189: 985:, early on August 20. After crossing 348:, producing heavy rainfall but no damage. 28: 6019: 6007: 5422:. Canadian Hurricane Centre. 2010-09-14. 5414: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5072:"Tropical Depression Ten Discussion Four" 4961:. Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 4465:"Tropical Storm Danny Discussion Sixteen" 4101:"Tropical Depression Five Discussion Ten" 4049:"Tropical Depression Five Discussion One" 3997:"Tropical Depression Four Discussion One" 3799:. Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 3797:"Hurricane Bob – August 18–21, 1991" 3639:. National Hurricane Center. 2011-08-11. 3450:. Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 3393:. Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 3266: 3067:"Experts say big hurricane season on tap" 2211: 1961:List of historical tropical cyclone names 5995: 5474: 5472: 5020:"Tropical Depression Ten Discussion One" 4981: 4979: 4875:"Warning Summary, Tropical Storm Fabian" 4823:"Tropical Storm Fabian Discussion Three" 4706: 4704: 4608:"Tropical Storm Erika Discussion Twelve" 4315: 4313: 4260: 4258: 4160:"Hurricane Claudette Preliminary Report" 4153: 4151: 4149: 4147: 3790: 3788: 3474:"Tropical Depression Two Discussion One" 3441: 3439: 3437: 3384: 3382: 3024: 3022: 2835:of at least 74 mph (119 km/h). 2773:South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: 2246: 2177:List of retired Atlantic hurricane names 1550:to the north, there was already a large 1021:rainfall from the hurricane fell at the 977:. About 40 minutes later it struck 5935: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5440: 5013: 5011: 4674: 4672: 4670: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4439:"Tropical Storm Danny Discussion Seven" 4374: 4372: 4370: 4368: 3823:"Situation Report – Hurricane Bob" 3397:from the original on September 21, 2013 3359:"Tropical Storm Ana Preliminary Report" 3352: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3158: 3156: 2886: 2820: 2664:October 31 – November 2 599:from African tropical waves, which are 5327: 5325: 5323: 4797:"Tropical Storm Fabian Discussion Two" 4713:"Tropical Storm Fabian Discussion One" 4556:"Tropical Storm Erika Discussion Five" 3234: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3218: 3125: 3123: 2861:The Hurricane Hunters are part of the 2769:1991 North Indian Ocean cyclone season 1993:were used for the first time in 1991. 1819:Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS) 1815: 1715:Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS) 1711: 1632: 1453: 1368: 1276: 1195:Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS) 1191: 1113: 1044: 969:resulted in weakening. After brushing 894:Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS) 890: 791: 654: 261:in which no hurricanes developed from 212:1991 North Indian Ocean cyclone season 5994: 5989: 5801:from the original on January 27, 2017 5765:from the original on October 25, 2012 5712:from the original on January 15, 2024 5645:from the original on January 14, 2024 5507: 5505: 4582:"Tropical Storm Erika Discussion Ten" 4549: 4547: 4432: 4430: 3990: 3988: 3881:"Preliminary Survey on Hurricane Bob" 3060: 3058: 2991: 2989: 2930:William M. Gray (November 28, 1984). 2892: 2890: 301:with significant accompanying rains. 7: 6103:1990–1999 Atlantic hurricane seasons 5576:. Coastguard Compass. Archived from 3612:"Tropical Storm Bob Discussion Five" 3417:"Tropical Storm Ana Discussion Four" 1570:. The storm later moved through the 5822:"World-wide Tropical Cyclone Names" 5676:from the original on April 29, 2016 3241:"Atlantic Tropical Systems of 1991" 2944:from the original on August 7, 2018 2809:Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone 2703:July 2 – November 2 1016:. The hurricane produced extensive 5785:National Hurricane Operations Plan 5738:from the original on June 27, 2012 5696:National Hurricane Operations Plan 5629:National Hurricane Operations Plan 3765:"Preliminary Report Hurricane Bob" 2783:Australian region cyclone season: 1969:, with the exception of the names 1957:History of tropical cyclone naming 1514:The origins of Fabian were from a 989:, Bob became extratropical in the 25: 6054: 6049: 5572:William H. Thiesen (2010-11-04). 5544:"Search Ended for Lost Fishermen" 5182:"Hurricane Grace Discussion Five" 3203:from the original on June 4, 2023 3138:. Orlando, Florida. p. D-1. 3109:from the original on 18 July 2011 2912:from the original on 28 June 2011 2183:World Meteorological Organization 1812:List of unnamed tropical cyclones 6081: 6080: 6030: 6025: 5919: 5479:William C. Hidlay (1991-11-01). 4649: 3763:Wallace Demaurice (1991-08-20). 2965:"Hurricane season starts June 1" 2738: 1834: 1826: 1730: 1722: 1651: 1643: 1636:Tropical depression (SSHWS) 1472: 1464: 1387: 1379: 1295: 1287: 1210: 1202: 1132: 1124: 1117:Tropical depression (SSHWS) 1063: 1055: 1048:Tropical depression (SSHWS) 956:, and based on reports from the 909: 901: 810: 802: 795:Tropical depression (SSHWS) 673: 665: 267:North Atlantic tropical cyclones 265:, which are the source for most 37: 6018: 6013: 6006: 6001: 5958: 5953: 5610:from the original on 2016-04-29 5554:from the original on 2016-05-17 5524:from the original on 2016-04-26 5491:from the original on 2015-09-09 5426:from the original on 2013-10-05 5366:from the original on 2012-10-23 5340:from the original on 2013-02-14 5309:from the original on 2022-04-24 5279:from the original on 2011-06-09 5217:from the original on 2014-01-02 5209:Edward Rappaport (1991-11-13). 5188:from the original on 2013-09-28 5162:from the original on 2009-08-20 5133:from the original on 2013-09-28 5125:Edward Rappaport (1991-11-13). 5104:from the original on 2013-09-28 5096:Edward Rappaport (1991-11-13). 5078:from the original on 2012-10-25 5052:from the original on 2012-10-25 5026:from the original on 2012-10-25 4997:from the original on 2012-10-23 4965:from the original on 2015-02-16 4939:from the original on 2012-10-18 4910:from the original on 2012-10-18 4881:from the original on 2012-10-18 4855:from the original on 2012-10-25 4829:from the original on 2012-10-18 4803:from the original on 2012-10-25 4777:from the original on 2012-10-18 4748:from the original on 2012-10-18 4719:from the original on 2012-10-18 4690:from the original on 2012-10-18 4614:from the original on 2012-10-25 4588:from the original on 2012-10-25 4562:from the original on 2012-10-25 4533:from the original on 2012-10-25 4507:from the original on 2012-10-25 4471:from the original on 2012-10-25 4445:from the original on 2012-10-25 4416:from the original on 2012-10-25 4390:from the original on 2012-10-25 4354:from the original on 2012-10-25 4328:from the original on 2012-10-25 4299:from the original on 2012-10-25 4273:from the original on 2012-10-25 4244:from the original on 2012-10-25 4218:from the original on 2012-10-25 4192:from the original on 2012-10-25 4166:from the original on 2012-10-25 4133:from the original on 2012-10-25 4107:from the original on 2012-10-25 4081:from the original on 2012-10-25 4055:from the original on 2012-10-25 4029:from the original on 2012-10-25 4003:from the original on 2012-10-25 3890:from the original on 2012-10-25 3861:from the original on 2012-10-25 3832:from the original on 2013-10-29 3803:from the original on 2013-09-22 3774:from the original on 2012-10-25 3745:from the original on 2013-10-29 3709:from the original on 2012-10-25 3675:from the original on 2012-10-23 3643:from the original on 2011-09-02 3618:from the original on 2012-10-23 3592:from the original on 2012-10-23 3558:from the original on 2012-10-25 3532:from the original on 2012-10-25 3506:from the original on 2012-10-25 3498:Edward Rappaport (1991-07-05). 3480:from the original on 2012-10-25 3472:Edward Rappaport (1991-07-05). 3454:from the original on 2013-09-21 3423:from the original on 2012-10-25 3368:from the original on 2012-10-25 3330:from the original on 2019-07-02 3175:from the original on 2016-05-05 3142:from the original on 2024-02-03 3130:Schreuder, Cindy (1991-06-08). 3077:from the original on 2016-04-28 3044:from the original on 2024-02-03 3008:from the original on 2015-09-09 2975:from the original on 2016-05-18 2804:South Atlantic tropical cyclone 2677:East Coast of the United States 2667:Category 1 hurricane 2637:Category 2 hurricane 2489:Category 4 hurricane 2387:Category 3 hurricane 2250:North Atlantic tropical cyclone 2156:Additionally, the October 1991 1894:East Coast of the United States 1401:September 8 – September 12 1309:September 7 – September 11 1224:September 4 – September 12 973:, the center of Bob moved over 577:For a chronological guide, see 285:, and Erika passed through the 6349:1991 Atlantic hurricane season 5982: 5977: 5970: 5965: 5898:1991 Atlantic hurricane season 5453:"Perfect Storm" Damage Summary 5420:"1991-Unnamed "Perfect Storm"" 3610:Lixion A. Avila (1991-08-17). 3095:Jill F. Hasling (2008-05-01). 2793:South Pacific cyclone season: 1522:that entered the northwestern 1023:Portland International Jetport 251:1991 Atlantic hurricane season 32:1991 Atlantic hurricane season 1: 6042: 6037: 5946: 5941: 5934: 5929: 5761:. National Hurricane Center. 5664:Staff Writer (June 2, 1991). 5362:. National Hurricane Center. 5213:. National Hurricane Center. 5184:. National Hurricane Center. 5154:Chris Cappella (2005-05-17). 5129:. National Hurricane Center. 5100:. National Hurricane Center. 5074:. National Hurricane Center. 5070:Miles Lawrence (1991-10-25). 5048:. National Hurricane Center. 5022:. National Hurricane Center. 5018:Miles Lawrence (1991-10-24). 4993:. National Hurricane Center. 4986:Miles Lawrence (1991-11-05). 4877:. National Hurricane Center. 4825:. National Hurricane Center. 4821:Miles Lawrence (1991-10-16). 4799:. National Hurricane Center. 4773:. National Hurricane Center. 4744:. National Hurricane Center. 4715:. National Hurricane Center. 4686:. National Hurricane Center. 4610:. National Hurricane Center. 4584:. National Hurricane Center. 4580:Miles Lawrence (1991-09-10). 4558:. National Hurricane Center. 4529:. National Hurricane Center. 4503:. National Hurricane Center. 4467:. National Hurricane Center. 4441:. National Hurricane Center. 4412:. National Hurricane Center. 4386:. National Hurricane Center. 4350:. National Hurricane Center. 4346:Miles Lawrence (1991-09-09). 4324:. National Hurricane Center. 4295:. National Hurricane Center. 4269:. National Hurricane Center. 4236:Miles Lawrence (1991-09-06). 4214:. National Hurricane Center. 4210:Miles Lawrence (1991-09-06). 4188:. National Hurricane Center. 4184:Miles Lawrence (1991-09-05). 4162:. National Hurricane Center. 4129:. National Hurricane Center. 4103:. National Hurricane Center. 4077:. National Hurricane Center. 4051:. National Hurricane Center. 4025:. National Hurricane Center. 3999:. National Hurricane Center. 3741:. National Hurricane Center. 3705:. National Hurricane Center. 3671:. National Hurricane Center. 3614:. National Hurricane Center. 3588:. National Hurricane Center. 3554:. National Hurricane Center. 3528:. National Hurricane Center. 3502:. National Hurricane Center. 3476:. National Hurricane Center. 3419:. National Hurricane Center. 3364:. National Hurricane Center. 2759:1991 Pacific hurricane season 1884:. It evolved from an area of 1752:105 mph (165 km/h) 1232:130 mph (215 km/h) 931:115 mph (185 km/h) 202:1991 Pacific hurricane season 5790:(Report). Washington, D.C.: 5701:(Report). Washington, D.C.: 5634:(Report). Washington, D.C.: 5180:Richard Pasch (1991-10-28). 4554:Richard Pasch (1991-09-09). 4525:Jerry Jarrell (1991-09-09). 4463:Richard Pasch (1991-09-10). 4437:Richard Pasch (1991-09-08). 4021:Richard Pasch (1991-08-25). 3550:Jerry Jarrell (1991-07-07). 3524:Richard Pasch (1991-07-06). 2150: 1995: 1856:75 mph (120 km/h) 1848:October 31 – November 2 1744:October 25 – October 29 1665:October 24 – October 25 1486:October 15 – October 16 101: • Lowest pressure 6066: 6061: 5598:Staff Writer (1991-10-31). 5512:Staff Writer (1991-10-31). 5297:Staff Writer (1991-10-29). 5267:Staff Writer (1991-10-29). 5044:Lixion Avila (1991-10-25). 4795:Ed Rappaport (1991-10-15). 4711:Ed Rappaport (1991-10-15). 4606:Ed Rappaport (1991-09-11). 4408:Max Mayfield (1991-09-07). 4125:Lixion Avila (1991-08-31). 4099:Lixion Avila (1991-08-30). 4073:Lixion Avila (1991-08-29). 4047:Ed Rappaport (1991-08-28). 3995:Max Mayfield (1991-08-24). 3734:Max Mayfield (1992-08-10). 3698:Max Mayfield (1992-08-10). 3664:Max Mayfield (1992-08-10). 3581:Max Mayfield (1992-08-10). 3415:Ed Rappaport (1991-07-04). 3163:Staff Writer (1991-08-03). 3102:. Weather Research Center. 3065:Staff Writer (1991-04-24). 3051:– via Newspapers.com. 2996:Staff Writer (1991-11-30). 2963:Staff Writer (1991-05-23). 2764:1991 Pacific typhoon season 2542:September 8 – 12 2514:September 7 – 11 2486:September 4 – 14 1977:, which replaced the names 1673:30 mph (45 km/h) 1609:. In the Florida Keys, the 1494:45 mph (75 km/h) 1457:Tropical storm (SSHWS) 1409:60 mph (95 km/h) 1372:Tropical storm (SSHWS) 1357:maximum after developing a 1317:50 mph (85 km/h) 1280:Tropical storm (SSHWS) 1154:35 mph (55 km/h) 1085:35 mph (55 km/h) 832:35 mph (55 km/h) 695:50 mph (85 km/h) 658:Tropical storm (SSHWS) 207:1991 Pacific typhoon season 6365: 5451:McCown, Sam (2008-08-20). 5332:Walter Drag (2000-07-14). 4635:(Database). United States 3821:FEMA Headquarters (1991). 2694: 2658: 2634:October 25 – 29 2628: 2604:October 24 – 25 2600: 2570:October 15 – 16 2566: 2538: 2510: 2482: 2454: 2426: 2378: 2348: 2335:Southeastern United States 2310: 2174: 1950: 1809: 1803: 1705: 1146:August 28 – August 31 1077:August 24 – August 26 975:Block Island, Rhode Island 923:August 16 – August 20 884: 757:Charleston, South Carolina 632:accumulated cyclone energy 473: 454: 435: 414: 222:Atlantic hurricane seasons 87: • Maximum winds 6247:South-West Indian Ocean ( 6217:Tropical cyclones in 1991 6109: 6076: 5926: 5917: 5904: 5896:Tropical cyclones of the 5542:Paula Park (1991-11-11). 5481:"Maine hit hard by storm" 4957:David Roth (2007-06-11). 4847:Bob Sheets (1991-10-15). 4637:National Hurricane Center 3795:David Roth (2007-04-30). 3446:David Roth (2008-08-04). 3389:David Roth (2007-05-02). 2898:National Hurricane Center 2867:Air Force Reserve Command 2754:Tropical cyclones in 1991 2607:Tropical depression 2461:Tropical depression 2458:August 28 – 31 2433:Tropical depression 2430:August 24 – 26 2384:August 16 – 20 2355:Tropical depression 2305: 2302: 2293: 2290: 2279: 2272: 2264: 2261: 2256: 1823: 1818: 1719: 1714: 1640: 1635: 1461: 1456: 1376: 1371: 1284: 1279: 1199: 1194: 1121: 1116: 1052: 1047: 898: 893: 799: 794: 662: 657: 609:Cape Verde-type hurricane 544: 519: 492: 220: 192: 120: 74: 36: 18:Tropical Storm Ana (1991) 4931:Max White (1991-10-17). 2746:Tropical cyclones portal 1985:after that season. Both 1623:Homestead Air Force Base 1611:National Weather Service 1110:Tropical Depression Five 1041:Tropical Depression Four 967:sea surface temperatures 731:formed within a surface 179:~ $ 1.77 billion (1991 5548:Sarasota Herald-Tribune 4291:Pasch, Richard (1991). 3637:"The Hurricane Hunters" 3169:Sarasota Herald-Tribune 2902:"Glossary of NHC Terms" 2846:maximum sustained winds 2833:maximum sustained winds 1953:Tropical cyclone naming 1629:Tropical Depression Ten 1587:Ciego de Ávila Province 788:Tropical Depression Two 719:that persisted east of 279:southeast United States 5851:Monthly Weather Review 5757:Richard Pasch (1991). 5670:Portsmouth Daily Times 5273:St. Paul Pioneer Press 4320:Richard Pasch (1991). 4265:Richard Pasch (1991). 4158:Richard Pasch (1991). 3246:Monthly Weather Review 2998:"Storm season is over" 1880:commonly known as the 1708:Hurricane Grace (1991) 1597:on the south coast of 1579:tropical storm warning 1534:on October 15, a 1359:central dense overcast 62:Last system dissipated 4873:Lixion Avila (1991). 4766:Lixion Avila (1991). 4737:Lixion Avila (1991). 4679:Lixion Avila (1991). 4379:Max Mayfield (1991). 2352:July 5 – 7 2314:July 2 – 5 1878:extratropical cyclone 1804:Further information: 1450:Tropical Storm Fabian 979:Newport, Rhode Island 721:Jacksonville, Florida 597:tropical cyclogenesis 324:, the hurricane made 5828:on December 10, 1997 5606:. Associated Press. 5604:The Pittsburgh Press 5520:. Associated Press. 5487:. Associated Press. 4496:Hal Gerrish (1991). 3357:Hal Gerrish (1991). 3171:. Associated Press. 3136:The Orlando Sentinel 3073:. Associated Press. 3004:. Associated Press. 2971:. Associated Press. 2850:Saffir-Simpson scale 2573:Tropical storm 2545:Tropical storm 2517:Tropical storm 2317:Tropical storm 2214:Saffir–Simpson scale 1896:with high waves and 1365:Tropical Storm Erika 1273:Tropical Storm Danny 991:Gulf of St. Lawrence 867:La Pesca, Tamaulipas 824:July 5 – July 7 687:July 2 – July 5 640:subtropical cyclones 494:Record high activity 372:on November 2. 295:tropical depressions 6230:Australian region ( 6068:"The Perfect Storm" 3259:1992MWRv..120.2688A 2401:Mid-Atlantic States 2253: 1906:Mid-Atlantic states 1902:subtropical cyclone 1888:that developed off 1188:Hurricane Claudette 863:Tampico, Tamaulipas 521:Record low activity 382: 125:Seasonal statistics 54:First system formed 49:Seasonal boundaries 6313:Non-seasonal lists 6243:North Indian Ocean 2695:Season aggregates 2270:at peak intensity 2252:season statistics 2247: 1806:1991 Perfect Storm 1591:Cayo Largo del Sur 1548:high pressure area 1443:Santa Maria Island 651:Tropical Storm Ana 380: 376:Seasonal forecasts 94:1-minute sustained 90:130 mph (215 km/h) 43:Season summary map 6333: 6332: 6183: 6182: 6176: 6118: 6094: 6093: 5485:Bangor Daily News 5389:Unnamed Hurricane 5244:The Perfect Storm 2827:A hurricane is a 2727: 2726: 2413:Iberian Peninsula 2243: 2242: 2216: 2185:retired the name 2168: 2167: 2149: 2148: 1937:The Perfect Storm 1915:George H. W. Bush 1874: 1873: 1859: 1800:Unnamed hurricane 1778:subtropical storm 1770: 1769: 1755: 1691: 1690: 1676: 1552:pressure gradient 1536:Hurricane Hunters 1512: 1511: 1497: 1439:São Miguel Island 1435:their interaction 1427: 1426: 1412: 1335: 1334: 1320: 1250: 1249: 1235: 1172: 1171: 1157: 1103: 1102: 1088: 962:subtropical ridge 958:Hurricane Hunters 949: 948: 934: 859:Baffin Bay, Texas 850: 849: 835: 729:low pressure area 713: 712: 698: 558: 557: 247: 246: 130:Total depressions 16:(Redirected from 6356: 6210: 6203: 6196: 6187: 6171: 6113: 6098: 6084: 6083: 6064: 6052: 6040: 6028: 6016: 6004: 5992: 5980: 5968: 5956: 5944: 5932: 5923: 5890: 5883: 5876: 5867: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5817: 5811: 5810: 5808: 5806: 5800: 5789: 5781: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5754: 5748: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5728: 5722: 5721: 5719: 5717: 5711: 5700: 5692: 5686: 5685: 5683: 5681: 5661: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5644: 5633: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5616: 5615: 5595: 5589: 5588: 5586: 5585: 5580:on 18 March 2012 5569: 5563: 5562: 5560: 5559: 5539: 5533: 5532: 5530: 5529: 5509: 5500: 5499: 5497: 5496: 5476: 5467: 5466: 5464: 5463: 5457: 5448: 5435: 5434: 5432: 5431: 5416: 5403: 5402: 5400: 5399: 5393: 5384: 5375: 5374: 5372: 5371: 5355: 5349: 5348: 5346: 5345: 5329: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5314: 5294: 5288: 5287: 5285: 5284: 5264: 5258: 5257: 5255: 5254: 5248: 5239: 5226: 5225: 5223: 5222: 5206: 5197: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5177: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5167: 5151: 5142: 5141: 5139: 5138: 5122: 5113: 5112: 5110: 5109: 5093: 5087: 5086: 5084: 5083: 5067: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5057: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5031: 5015: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5002: 4992: 4983: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4970: 4954: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4944: 4928: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4915: 4899: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4870: 4864: 4863: 4861: 4860: 4844: 4838: 4837: 4835: 4834: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4808: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4782: 4772: 4763: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4753: 4743: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4708: 4699: 4698: 4696: 4695: 4685: 4676: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4648: 4646: 4644: 4629: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4619: 4603: 4597: 4596: 4594: 4593: 4577: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4567: 4551: 4542: 4541: 4539: 4538: 4522: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4512: 4502: 4493: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4476: 4460: 4454: 4453: 4451: 4450: 4434: 4425: 4424: 4422: 4421: 4405: 4399: 4398: 4396: 4395: 4385: 4376: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4359: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4334: 4333: 4317: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4304: 4288: 4282: 4281: 4279: 4278: 4262: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4249: 4233: 4227: 4226: 4224: 4223: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4197: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4171: 4155: 4142: 4141: 4139: 4138: 4122: 4116: 4115: 4113: 4112: 4096: 4090: 4089: 4087: 4086: 4070: 4064: 4063: 4061: 4060: 4044: 4038: 4037: 4035: 4034: 4018: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4008: 3992: 3983: 3982: 3980: 3979: 3960: 3954: 3953: 3951: 3950: 3931: 3925: 3924: 3922: 3921: 3905: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3895: 3885: 3876: 3870: 3869: 3867: 3866: 3856: 3847: 3841: 3840: 3838: 3837: 3827: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3809: 3808: 3792: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3779: 3769: 3760: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3750: 3740: 3731: 3718: 3717: 3715: 3714: 3704: 3695: 3684: 3683: 3681: 3680: 3670: 3661: 3652: 3651: 3649: 3648: 3633: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3623: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3597: 3587: 3578: 3567: 3566: 3564: 3563: 3547: 3541: 3540: 3538: 3537: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3511: 3495: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3485: 3469: 3463: 3462: 3460: 3459: 3443: 3432: 3431: 3429: 3428: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3386: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3373: 3363: 3354: 3339: 3338: 3336: 3335: 3329: 3322: 3313: 3307: 3306: 3304: 3303: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3270: 3236: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3193: 3184: 3183: 3181: 3180: 3160: 3151: 3150: 3148: 3147: 3127: 3118: 3117: 3115: 3114: 3108: 3101: 3092: 3086: 3085: 3083: 3082: 3062: 3053: 3052: 3050: 3049: 3026: 3017: 3016: 3014: 3013: 2993: 2984: 2983: 2981: 2980: 2960: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2943: 2936: 2927: 2921: 2920: 2918: 2917: 2894: 2874: 2859: 2853: 2842: 2836: 2829:tropical cyclone 2825: 2748: 2743: 2742: 2741: 2254: 2212: 2209: 2151: 2143: 2135: 2127: 2119: 2111: 2103: 2095: 2083: 2075: 2067: 2059: 2051: 2043: 2035: 1996: 1898:coastal flooding 1857: 1839: 1838: 1833: 1830: 1816: 1753: 1735: 1734: 1729: 1726: 1712: 1696:Dvorak technique 1674: 1656: 1655: 1650: 1647: 1633: 1538:flight observed 1528:Gulf of Honduras 1495: 1477: 1476: 1471: 1468: 1454: 1410: 1392: 1391: 1386: 1383: 1369: 1351:banding features 1339:Hurricane Jimena 1318: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1291: 1277: 1233: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1206: 1192: 1155: 1137: 1136: 1131: 1128: 1114: 1086: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1059: 1045: 932: 914: 913: 908: 905: 891: 833: 815: 814: 809: 806: 792: 696: 678: 677: 672: 669: 655: 572:Seasonal summary 408: 401: 396: 383: 289:before becoming 271:hurricane season 188:Related articles 168:Total fatalities 154:Major hurricanes 65:November 2, 1991 41: 29: 21: 6364: 6363: 6359: 6358: 6357: 6355: 6354: 6353: 6339: 6338: 6336: 6334: 6329: 6308: 6292: 6271: 6259:South Pacific ( 6219: 6214: 6184: 6179: 6105: 6095: 6090: 6072: 6071: 6070: 6065: 6062: 6059: 6058: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6046: 6041: 6038: 6035: 6034: 6029: 6026: 6023: 6022: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6010: 6005: 6002: 5999: 5998: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5981: 5978: 5975: 5974: 5969: 5966: 5963: 5962: 5957: 5954: 5951: 5950: 5945: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5933: 5930: 5924: 5913: 5900: 5894: 5847: 5842: 5841: 5831: 5829: 5819: 5818: 5814: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5787: 5783: 5782: 5778: 5768: 5766: 5756: 5755: 5751: 5741: 5739: 5730: 5729: 5725: 5715: 5713: 5709: 5698: 5694: 5693: 5689: 5679: 5677: 5663: 5662: 5658: 5648: 5646: 5642: 5631: 5627: 5626: 5622: 5613: 5611: 5597: 5596: 5592: 5583: 5581: 5571: 5570: 5566: 5557: 5555: 5541: 5540: 5536: 5527: 5525: 5511: 5510: 5503: 5494: 5492: 5478: 5477: 5470: 5461: 5459: 5455: 5450: 5449: 5438: 5429: 5427: 5418: 5417: 5406: 5397: 5395: 5391: 5386: 5385: 5378: 5369: 5367: 5358:Richard Pasch. 5357: 5356: 5352: 5343: 5341: 5331: 5330: 5321: 5312: 5310: 5296: 5295: 5291: 5282: 5280: 5266: 5265: 5261: 5252: 5250: 5246: 5241: 5240: 5229: 5220: 5218: 5208: 5207: 5200: 5191: 5189: 5179: 5178: 5174: 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April 5, 2023 4631: 4630: 4626: 4617: 4615: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4591: 4589: 4579: 4578: 4574: 4565: 4563: 4553: 4552: 4545: 4536: 4534: 4524: 4523: 4519: 4510: 4508: 4500: 4495: 4494: 4483: 4474: 4472: 4462: 4461: 4457: 4448: 4446: 4436: 4435: 4428: 4419: 4417: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4393: 4391: 4383: 4378: 4377: 4366: 4357: 4355: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4331: 4329: 4319: 4318: 4311: 4302: 4300: 4290: 4289: 4285: 4276: 4274: 4264: 4263: 4256: 4247: 4245: 4235: 4234: 4230: 4221: 4219: 4209: 4208: 4204: 4195: 4193: 4183: 4182: 4178: 4169: 4167: 4157: 4156: 4145: 4136: 4134: 4124: 4123: 4119: 4110: 4108: 4098: 4097: 4093: 4084: 4082: 4072: 4071: 4067: 4058: 4056: 4046: 4045: 4041: 4032: 4030: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4006: 4004: 3994: 3993: 3986: 3977: 3975: 3962: 3961: 3957: 3948: 3946: 3933: 3932: 3928: 3919: 3917: 3916:on 11 June 2011 3910:"Hurricane Bob" 3907: 3906: 3902: 3893: 3891: 3883: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3864: 3862: 3854: 3849: 3848: 3844: 3835: 3833: 3825: 3820: 3819: 3815: 3806: 3804: 3794: 3793: 3786: 3777: 3775: 3767: 3762: 3761: 3757: 3748: 3746: 3738: 3733: 3732: 3721: 3712: 3710: 3702: 3697: 3696: 3687: 3678: 3676: 3668: 3663: 3662: 3655: 3646: 3644: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3621: 3619: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3595: 3593: 3585: 3580: 3579: 3570: 3561: 3559: 3549: 3548: 3544: 3535: 3533: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3509: 3507: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3483: 3481: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3457: 3455: 3445: 3444: 3435: 3426: 3424: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3400: 3398: 3388: 3387: 3380: 3371: 3369: 3361: 3356: 3355: 3342: 3333: 3331: 3327: 3320: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3301: 3299: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3238: 3237: 3216: 3206: 3204: 3195: 3194: 3187: 3178: 3176: 3162: 3161: 3154: 3145: 3143: 3129: 3128: 3121: 3112: 3110: 3106: 3099: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3080: 3078: 3064: 3063: 3056: 3047: 3045: 3028: 3027: 3020: 3011: 3009: 2995: 2994: 2987: 2978: 2976: 2962: 2961: 2957: 2947: 2945: 2941: 2934: 2929: 2928: 2924: 2915: 2913: 2896: 2895: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2877: 2860: 2856: 2843: 2839: 2826: 2822: 2817: 2744: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2729: 2728: 2717:~$ 1.7 billion 2681:Atlantic Canada 2417:$ 1.47 billion 2409:Atlantic Canada 2295: 2291:Areas affected 2283: 2281: 2276: 2274: 2269: 2258: 2203: 2179: 2173: 2138: 2130: 2122: 2114: 2106: 2098: 2090: 2078: 2070: 2062: 2054: 2046: 2038: 2030: 1963: 1951:Main articles: 1949: 1932:as well as the 1890:Atlantic Canada 1861: 1840: 1831: 1825: 1814: 1808: 1802: 1757: 1736: 1727: 1721: 1710: 1704: 1702:Hurricane Grace 1678: 1657: 1648: 1642: 1631: 1568:Florida Straits 1540:sustained winds 1530:. At 1300 1499: 1478: 1469: 1463: 1452: 1414: 1393: 1384: 1378: 1367: 1341:in the eastern 1322: 1301: 1292: 1286: 1275: 1266:hurricane watch 1237: 1216: 1207: 1201: 1190: 1159: 1138: 1129: 1123: 1112: 1090: 1069: 1060: 1054: 1043: 983:Rockport, Maine 936: 915: 906: 900: 889: 883: 871:San Luis Potosí 861:, southward to 837: 816: 807: 801: 790: 765:sustained winds 745:Saint Augustine 700: 679: 670: 664: 653: 648: 593: 592: 590: 574: 566:tropical storms 562:William M. Gray 545:Actual activity 406: 404: 399: 394: 392: 378: 350:Hurricane Grace 283:Lesser Antilles 224: 216: 155: 91: 70:Strongest storm 44: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6362: 6360: 6352: 6351: 6341: 6340: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6325:South Atlantic 6322: 6316: 6314: 6310: 6309: 6307: 6306: 6300: 6298: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6290: 6285: 6279: 6277: 6273: 6272: 6270: 6269: 6263: 6257: 6251: 6245: 6240: 6234: 6227: 6225: 6221: 6220: 6215: 6213: 6212: 6205: 6198: 6190: 6181: 6180: 6178: 6177: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6110: 6107: 6106: 6101: 6092: 6091: 6089: 6088: 6077: 6074: 6073: 6060: 6048: 6036: 6024: 6012: 6000: 5988: 5976: 5964: 5952: 5940: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5918: 5915: 5914: 5912: 5911: 5905: 5902: 5901: 5895: 5893: 5892: 5885: 5878: 5870: 5864: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5846: 5845:External links 5843: 5840: 5839: 5812: 5776: 5749: 5723: 5687: 5656: 5620: 5590: 5564: 5534: 5518:Record-Journal 5501: 5468: 5436: 5404: 5376: 5350: 5319: 5289: 5259: 5227: 5198: 5172: 5143: 5114: 5088: 5062: 5036: 5007: 4975: 4949: 4920: 4891: 4865: 4839: 4813: 4787: 4758: 4729: 4700: 4660: 4624: 4598: 4572: 4543: 4517: 4481: 4455: 4426: 4400: 4364: 4338: 4309: 4283: 4254: 4228: 4202: 4176: 4143: 4117: 4091: 4065: 4039: 4013: 3984: 3955: 3926: 3900: 3871: 3842: 3813: 3784: 3755: 3719: 3685: 3653: 3628: 3602: 3568: 3542: 3516: 3490: 3464: 3433: 3407: 3378: 3340: 3308: 3282: 3214: 3185: 3152: 3119: 3087: 3071:The Times-News 3054: 3038:McAllen, Texas 3018: 2985: 2969:The Robesonian 2955: 2922: 2900:(2010-07-11). 2885: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2875: 2854: 2837: 2819: 2818: 2816: 2813: 2812: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2791: 2781: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2750: 2749: 2733: 2730: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2696: 2692: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2685:$ 200 million 2683: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2598: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2564: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2536: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2480: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2452: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2424: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2397:North Carolina 2394: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2327:South Carolina 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2308: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2292: 2289: 2278: 2271: 2263: 2260: 2245: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2218: 2217: 2202: 2201:Season effects 2199: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2147: 2146: 2145: 2144: 2136: 2128: 2120: 2112: 2104: 2096: 2086: 2085: 2084: 2079:Nicholas 2076: 2068: 2060: 2052: 2044: 2036: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2016: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2002: 1948: 1945: 1872: 1871: 1854: 1853:Peak intensity 1850: 1849: 1846: 1842: 1841: 1824: 1821: 1820: 1801: 1798: 1768: 1767: 1750: 1749:Peak intensity 1746: 1745: 1742: 1738: 1737: 1720: 1717: 1716: 1706:Main article: 1703: 1700: 1689: 1688: 1671: 1670:Peak intensity 1667: 1666: 1663: 1659: 1658: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1630: 1627: 1510: 1509: 1492: 1491:Peak intensity 1488: 1487: 1484: 1480: 1479: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1451: 1448: 1425: 1424: 1407: 1406:Peak intensity 1403: 1402: 1399: 1395: 1394: 1377: 1374: 1373: 1366: 1363: 1333: 1332: 1315: 1314:Peak intensity 1311: 1310: 1307: 1303: 1302: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1274: 1271: 1248: 1247: 1230: 1229:Peak intensity 1226: 1225: 1222: 1218: 1217: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1189: 1186: 1170: 1169: 1152: 1151:Peak intensity 1148: 1147: 1144: 1140: 1139: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1111: 1108: 1101: 1100: 1083: 1082:Peak intensity 1079: 1078: 1075: 1071: 1070: 1053: 1050: 1049: 1042: 1039: 947: 946: 929: 928:Peak intensity 925: 924: 921: 917: 916: 899: 896: 895: 885:Main article: 882: 879: 848: 847: 830: 829:Peak intensity 826: 825: 822: 818: 817: 800: 797: 796: 789: 786: 711: 710: 693: 692:Peak intensity 689: 688: 685: 681: 680: 663: 660: 659: 652: 649: 647: 644: 584: 583: 573: 570: 556: 555: 552: 549: 546: 542: 541: 538: 528: 523: 517: 516: 506: 501: 496: 490: 489: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 471: 470: 468: 465: 462: 459: 456: 452: 451: 449: 446: 443: 440: 437: 433: 432: 430: 427: 424: 421: 418: 412: 411: 409: 402: 397: 390: 387: 377: 374: 314:North Carolina 263:tropical waves 253:was the first 245: 244: 218: 217: 215: 214: 209: 204: 199: 193: 190: 189: 185: 184: 177: 173: 172: 169: 165: 164: 161: 151: 150: 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 122: 121: 118: 117: 102: 98: 97: 88: 84: 83: 80: 76: 75: 72: 71: 67: 66: 63: 59: 58: 55: 51: 50: 46: 45: 42: 34: 33: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6361: 6350: 6347: 6346: 6344: 6337: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6320:Mediterranean 6318: 6317: 6315: 6311: 6305: 6302: 6301: 6299: 6295: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6280: 6278: 6274: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6258: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6238: 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5328: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5293: 5290: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5263: 5260: 5245: 5242:McCown, Sam. 5238: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5228: 5216: 5212: 5205: 5203: 5199: 5187: 5183: 5176: 5173: 5161: 5158:. USA Today. 5157: 5150: 5148: 5144: 5132: 5128: 5121: 5119: 5115: 5103: 5099: 5092: 5089: 5077: 5073: 5066: 5063: 5051: 5047: 5040: 5037: 5025: 5021: 5014: 5012: 5008: 4996: 4989: 4982: 4980: 4976: 4964: 4960: 4953: 4950: 4938: 4934: 4927: 4925: 4921: 4909: 4905: 4898: 4896: 4892: 4880: 4876: 4869: 4866: 4854: 4850: 4843: 4840: 4828: 4824: 4817: 4814: 4802: 4798: 4791: 4788: 4776: 4769: 4762: 4759: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4730: 4718: 4714: 4707: 4705: 4701: 4689: 4682: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4661: 4657: 4656:public domain 4643:September 11, 4638: 4634: 4628: 4625: 4613: 4609: 4602: 4599: 4587: 4583: 4576: 4573: 4561: 4557: 4550: 4548: 4544: 4532: 4528: 4521: 4518: 4506: 4499: 4492: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4482: 4470: 4466: 4459: 4456: 4444: 4440: 4433: 4431: 4427: 4415: 4411: 4404: 4401: 4389: 4382: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4365: 4353: 4349: 4342: 4339: 4327: 4323: 4316: 4314: 4310: 4298: 4294: 4287: 4284: 4272: 4268: 4261: 4259: 4255: 4243: 4239: 4232: 4229: 4217: 4213: 4206: 4203: 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Knowledge (XXG)

1991 Atlantic hurricane season

Index