76:
622:
52:
606:
171:
1056:
295:
302:
Treatment of TSP involves corticosteroids to help with inflammation. Though any success with corticosteroids is short-lived, with symptoms worsened as the dosage is reduced. A synthetic derivative, 17-alpha-ethinyltestosterone, can be used to treat tropical spastic paraparesis, improvement in motor
285:
Often, the diagnosis process is based on symptoms and one's risk of exposure to the virus. A spinal tap or lumbar puncture may be used to obtain blood and CSF samples which can then be tested for parts of the virus or antibodies produced to combat the virus. MRI may be performed on the brain and
310:
monoclonal antibody, is also being researched as a possible treatment for tropical spastic paraparesis. The antibody reduces HTLV-1 proviral load and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Valproic acid has also succeeded in reducing the proviral load of HTLV-1 (though clinical benefits were
265:
In tropical spastic paraparesis, HTLV-1 shows elevated cellular acquired immune response as well as high production of proinflammatory cytokines. IFN overexpression has been demonstrated as well. Also the number of NK cells (CD56+ and CD16+) is diminished.
962:
731:
319:
The prognosis for tropical spastic paraparesis indicates some improvement in a percentage of cases due to immunosuppressive treatment. A higher percentage will eventually lose the ability to walk within a ten-year interval.
332:
was used to describe a chronic and progressive clinical syndrome that affected adults living in equatorial areas of the world. This condition was initially thought to be associated with infectious agents (such as
643:
367:(TAN) and tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). They are placed together because they are found in tropical countries, although tropical spastic paraparesis has occurred in temperate countries (e.g., Japan).
723:
828:
1874:
530:
508:
1297:
651:
1888:
1247:
1102:
1554:
1385:
812:
1425:
1290:
1518:
1575:
1240:
822:
475:
1894:
1420:
1377:
1095:
616:
580:
311:
minimal or none). A further combination of valproic acid and zidovudine has demonstrated a decrease in proviral loads (in animals).
1809:
538:
500:
1880:
1283:
644:"HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis | Disease | Overview | Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR-NCATS)"
1257:
1479:
1465:
1262:
235:
1678:
1589:
1583:
1473:
1088:
156:
97:
2047:
1973:
1967:
1640:
907:"Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type-1-associated Myelopathy Manifesting Shortly after Living-donor Renal Transplantation"
364:
360:
243:
136:
674:"Clinical Pathophysiology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus-Type 1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis"
2104:
1711:
1152:
253:
HTLV-1 can be transmitted via breastfeeding (mother to child), sexual contact, via blood contact (transfusion or
531:"Tropical Spastic Paraparesis Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)"
286:
spinal cord to check for abnormalities such as spinal cord degeneration and other potential causes of symptoms.
1813:
1725:
1630:
1460:
1433:
1405:
1338:
977:
413:"Treatment of HTLV-I-Associated Myelopathy / Tropical Spastic Paraparesis: Towards Rational Targeted Therapy"
2297:
1609:
1157:
1136:
1071:
1803:
1399:
1039:
2003:
1981:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1741:
1635:
1596:
1162:
346:
501:"Tropical Spastic Paraparesis Information Page | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"
1988:
1569:
1439:
1193:
1172:
1167:
1410:
2252:
2084:
1719:
1548:
1225:
75:
1670:
1391:
1252:
1198:
1773:
1529:
376:
341:
335:
84:
1275:
2237:
2188:
2169:
2150:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1845:
1750:
1454:
1332:
988:
928:
893:
818:
776:
705:
612:
572:
442:
152:
105:
64:
2212:
1922:
1602:
1534:
1415:
1346:
1210:
918:
883:
766:
695:
685:
432:
424:
386:
1028:
905:
Nagamine, Yuito; Hayashi, Takeshi; Kato, Yuji; Horiuchi, Yohsuke; Tanahashi, Norio (2015).
467:
2136:
2064:
2059:
2041:
1961:
1950:
1821:
1785:
1705:
1491:
1352:
849:
794:
279:
872:"HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis with pseudohypoparathyroidism"
560:
1061:
1372:
1235:
1230:
700:
673:
437:
412:
254:
2291:
1367:
1362:
1310:
1220:
1215:
923:
906:
602:
132:
771:
754:
51:
2228:
2078:
1756:
1617:
1080:
1017:
350:
239:
982:
2268:
2217:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2181:
2176:
2155:
2125:
2027:
1866:
1778:
1761:
1696:
1357:
1112:
561:"Licensure of screening tests for antibody to human T-lymphotropic virus type I"
140:
993:
2118:
1902:
1659:
1126:
1023:
971:
428:
391:
381:
247:
170:
690:
2163:
2144:
2111:
2099:
2093:
2072:
2018:
1946:
1917:
1840:
1832:
1794:
1563:
1542:
1448:
1326:
1318:
1306:
1012:
854:
799:
294:
231:
148:
69:
932:
897:
780:
709:
446:
576:
2261:
1908:
1650:
1506:
1131:
1034:
888:
871:
954:
755:"Tropical spastic paraparesis and polymyositis: a still unfolding story"
2014:
354:
227:
144:
1623:
966:
724:"HTLV-1–Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP)"
468:"Tropical Spastic Paraparesis. About TSP medical condition | Patient"
143:, weakness of the legs. As the name suggests, it is most common in
2274:
2033:
1665:
1188:
293:
169:
274:
Among the methods of diagnosing tropical spastic paraparesis are
307:
1279:
1084:
1500:
870:
Machigashira, N.; Yoshida, Y.; Wang, S.-y.; Osame, M. (2001).
275:
353:) or exposure to potentially toxic foods (such as bitter
39:
HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis
246:(persistent dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva), and
303:
and bladder function was reported but not sustainable.
167:
Some of the signs of
Tropical spastic paraparesis are:
349:) and with chronic nutritional deficiencies (such as
944:
2251:
2227:
2135:
2058:
2013:
2002:
1831:
1793:
1772:
1740:
1695:
1649:
1528:
1517:
1490:
1317:
1181:
1145:
1119:
1003:
948:
114:
104:
93:
83:
63:
26:
21:
411:Oh, Unsong; Jacobson, Steven (23 December 2016).
131:), is a medical condition that causes weakness,
230:(inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye),
159:(HTLV-1) antibodies, as a preventive measure.
1291:
1248:Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord
1096:
8:
795:Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses~treatment
2010:
1790:
1555:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
1525:
1298:
1284:
1276:
1103:
1089:
1081:
945:
559:Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (1988).
363:are classified as two separate syndromes:
74:
50:
18:
1426:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
922:
887:
770:
699:
689:
436:
672:Yamano, Yoshihisa; Sato, Tomoo (2012).
403:
234:(inflammation of one or more joints),
226:Individuals with TSP may also exhibit
734:from the original on 28 February 2023
495:
493:
478:from the original on 29 November 2017
462:
460:
458:
456:
7:
511:from the original on 23 October 2018
238:(inflammation of the lung tissues),
1576:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
811:Prayson, Richard A. (2011-11-15).
608:Neurology: A Queen Square Textbook
605:; Shorvon, Simon D. (2011-09-09).
345:, which cause inflammation of the
242:(an inflammatory muscle disease),
14:
1895:Severe acute respiratory syndrome
1421:Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
278:(magnetic resonance imaging) and
118:Interferon alpha, corticosteroids
1881:Middle East respiratory syndrome
1054:
924:10.2169/internalmedicine.54.2950
601:Clarke, Charles; Howard, Robin;
282:(which may show lymphocytosis).
236:pulmonary lymphocytic alveolitis
1258:Anterior spinal artery syndrome
831:from the original on 2023-01-11
772:10.1590/S0043-31442006000600023
625:from the original on 2023-01-11
583:from the original on 2019-04-03
1480:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
1466:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
328:For several decades, the term
1:
728:Merck Manual Consumer Version
135:, and sensory disturbance by
1685:Tropical spastic paraparesis
1590:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
1206:Tropical spastic paraparesis
1072:Tropical spastic paraparesis
1029:Tropical spastic paraparesis
817:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
330:tropical spastic paraparesis
306:Mogamulizumab, an anti-CCR4
250:(inflammation of the skin).
157:human T-lymphotropic virus 1
125:Tropical spastic paraparesis
31:HTLV-I-associated myelopathy
22:Tropical spastic paraparesis
2048:Cytomegalovirus esophagitis
1968:Human parainfluenza viruses
1641:Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2
759:West Indian Medical Journal
2314:
850:Tropical Myeloneuropathies
365:tropical ataxic neuropathy
361:Tropical myeloneuropathies
244:keratoconjunctivitis sicca
155:products are screened for
137:human T-lymphotropic virus
1712:Cytomegalovirus retinitis
1263:Foix–Alajouanine syndrome
678:Frontiers in Microbiology
648:rarediseases.info.nih.gov
611:. John Wiley & Sons.
429:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.03.008
58:
49:
1814:Infectious mononucleosis
1631:Chandipura vesiculovirus
1461:Hepatocellular carcinoma
1406:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
1339:Hepatocellular carcinoma
691:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00389
1610:Encephalitis lethargica
1311:viral systemic diseases
1158:Posterior cord syndrome
1137:Spinal cord compression
59:HTLV-1 which causes TSP
1982:Human orthopneumovirus
1636:Herpesviral meningitis
1597:Arbovirus encephalitis
1163:Anterior cord syndrome
1153:Brown-SĂ©quard syndrome
347:central nervous system
299:
175:
1440:Merkel-cell carcinoma
1194:Demyelinating disease
1173:Cauda equina syndrome
1168:Central cord syndrome
1111:Focal lesions of the
571:(48): 736–40, 745–7.
297:
248:infectious dermatitis
173:
2085:Adenovirus infection
1549:Human polyomavirus 2
1378:Oropharyngeal cancer
889:10.1212/WNL.56.1.104
196:Urinary dysfunction.
110:Lumbar puncture, MRI
1671:Post-polio syndrome
1307:Infectious diseases
1253:Vascular myelopathy
1199:Transverse myelitis
100:causes 80% of cases
1804:Epstein–Barr virus
1774:Respiratory system
1411:Burkitt's lymphoma
1004:External resources
377:Treponema pallidum
342:Treponema pallidum
336:Treponema pertenue
300:
176:
163:Signs and symptoms
2285:
2284:
2247:
2246:
1998:
1997:
1929:Influenza virus A
1846:Human coronavirus
1736:
1735:
1726:Herpes of the eye
1273:
1272:
1226:Morvan's syndrome
1049:
1048:
911:Internal Medicine
535:www.ninds.nih.gov
505:www.ninds.nih.gov
205:Erectile problems
199:Bowel dysfunction
153:Blood transfusion
122:
121:
106:Diagnostic method
98:HTLV-1 retrovirus
89:Bowel dysfunction
16:Medical condition
2305:
2011:
2006:digestive system
1923:Orthomyxoviridae
1889:SARS coronavirus
1875:MERS coronavirus
1791:
1603:Orthomyxoviridae
1526:
1492:Immune disorders
1416:Hodgkin lymphoma
1392:Kaposi's sarcoma
1300:
1293:
1286:
1277:
1211:Epidural abscess
1105:
1098:
1091:
1082:
1058:
1057:
946:
936:
926:
901:
891:
857:
846:
840:
839:
837:
836:
808:
802:
791:
785:
784:
774:
750:
744:
743:
741:
739:
720:
714:
713:
703:
693:
669:
663:
662:
660:
659:
650:. Archived from
640:
634:
633:
631:
630:
598:
592:
591:
589:
588:
556:
550:
549:
547:
546:
537:. Archived from
527:
521:
520:
518:
516:
497:
488:
487:
485:
483:
464:
451:
450:
440:
408:
387:Lymphatic system
147:, including the
145:tropical regions
79:
78:
54:
19:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2243:
2223:
2131:
2105:Gastroenteritis
2063:
2060:Gastroenteritis
2054:
2042:Cytomegalovirus
2005:
1994:
1962:Paramyxoviridae
1951:Avian influenza
1827:
1822:Cytomegalovirus
1786:viral pneumonia
1784:
1781:nasopharyngitis
1780:
1777:
1768:
1732:
1706:Cytomegalovirus
1691:
1645:
1533:
1520:
1513:
1486:
1353:Cervical cancer
1313:
1304:
1274:
1269:
1177:
1141:
1115:
1109:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1044:
999:
998:
957:
943:
904:
869:
866:
864:Further reading
861:
860:
847:
843:
834:
832:
825:
810:
809:
805:
792:
788:
753:Ali, A (2006).
752:
751:
747:
737:
735:
722:
721:
717:
671:
670:
666:
657:
655:
642:
641:
637:
628:
626:
619:
600:
599:
595:
586:
584:
558:
557:
553:
544:
542:
529:
528:
524:
514:
512:
499:
498:
491:
481:
479:
466:
465:
454:
410:
409:
405:
400:
373:
326:
317:
292:
280:lumbar puncture
272:
263:
193:Leg instability
165:
73:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2311:
2309:
2301:
2300:
2298:Viral diseases
2290:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2265:
2257:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2233:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2209:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2075:
2069:
2067:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2023:
2021:
2008:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1837:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1799:
1797:
1788:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1746:
1744:
1742:Cardiovascular
1738:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1701:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1655:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1523:
1521:nervous system
1515:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1373:Vaginal cancer
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1250:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1236:Tabes dorsalis
1233:
1231:Sensory ataxia
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1085:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1031:
1020:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
985:
974:
958:
953:
952:
950:
949:Classification
942:
941:External links
939:
938:
937:
902:
865:
862:
859:
858:
841:
824:978-1437709490
823:
814:Neuropathology
803:
786:
745:
715:
664:
635:
617:
603:Rossor, Martin
593:
551:
522:
489:
452:
402:
401:
399:
396:
395:
394:
389:
384:
379:
372:
369:
325:
322:
316:
313:
298:Immunoglobulin
291:
288:
271:
268:
262:
259:
255:needle sharing
224:
223:
222:
221:
220:
219:
218:
217:
216:
215:
214:
213:
212:
211:
210:
209:
206:
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200:
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164:
161:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
108:
102:
101:
95:
91:
90:
87:
81:
80:
67:
61:
60:
56:
55:
47:
46:
28:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2310:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2001:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1974:Parainfluenza
1972:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1810:EBV infection
1808:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1775:
1771:
1763:
1760:
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1667:
1666:Poliomyelitis
1664:
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1657:
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1397:
1393:
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1387:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1368:Vulvar cancer
1366:
1364:
1363:Penile cancer
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1344:
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1278:
1264:
1261:
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1251:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1241:Abadie's sign
1239:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1221:Syringobulbia
1219:
1217:
1216:Syringomyelia
1214:
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1200:
1197:
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1187:
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773:
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765:(6): 459–63.
764:
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749:
746:
733:
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719:
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654:on 2015-09-05
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618:9781444356359
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541:on 2016-12-15
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139:resulting in
138:
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133:muscle spasms
130:
126:
117:
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109:
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103:
99:
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92:
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82:
77:
71:
68:
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57:
53:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
29:
25:
20:
2267:
2260:
2236:
2229:Pancreatitis
2211:
2199:
2187:
2175:
2168:
2149:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2098:
2077:
2040:
2026:
1987:
1980:
1966:
1960:
1927:
1921:
1901:
1887:
1873:
1844:
1820:
1802:
1757:Pericarditis
1749:
1718:
1704:
1684:
1677:
1658:
1616:
1601:
1582:
1568:
1547:
1530:Encephalitis
1499:
1472:
1453:
1432:
1398:
1384:
1345:
1331:
1205:
1070:
1069:
1068:profile for
1065:
1033:
1022:
1011:
987:
976:
961:
914:
910:
882:(1): 104–6.
879:
875:
848:
844:
833:. Retrieved
813:
806:
793:
789:
762:
758:
748:
736:. Retrieved
727:
718:
681:
677:
667:
656:. Retrieved
652:the original
647:
638:
627:. Retrieved
607:
596:
585:. Retrieved
568:
564:
554:
543:. Retrieved
539:the original
534:
525:
513:. Retrieved
504:
480:. Retrieved
471:
423:(3): 781–x.
420:
416:
406:
359:
351:avitaminosis
340:
334:
329:
327:
318:
305:
301:
284:
273:
264:
261:Pathogenesis
252:
240:polymyositis
225:
174:Polymyositis
166:
128:
124:
123:
42:
38:
34:
30:
2126:Coronavirus
1867:Common cold
1779:acute viral
1762:Myocarditis
1606:(probable)
1358:Anal cancer
1146:By location
1113:spinal cord
917:(1): 75–8.
738:28 February
417:Neurol Clin
141:paraparesis
27:Other names
2253:Urogenital
2119:Astrovirus
2079:Adenovirus
1903:SARS-CoV-2
1660:Poliovirus
1535:meningitis
1127:Myelopathy
1024:Patient UK
989:DiseasesDB
835:2020-11-07
658:2015-08-13
629:2020-11-07
587:2017-09-17
545:2015-08-13
398:References
392:Neuropathy
382:Myelopathy
2164:RNA virus
2145:DNA virus
2137:Hepatitis
2112:Norovirus
2100:Rotavirus
2094:RNA virus
2073:DNA virus
2019:Esophagus
1947:Influenza
1833:RNA virus
1795:DNA virus
1564:RNA virus
1543:DNA virus
1449:RNA virus
1327:DNA virus
1319:Oncovirus
1013:eMedicine
876:Neurology
855:eMedicine
800:eMedicine
515:3 January
315:Prognosis
290:Treatment
270:Diagnosis
232:arthritis
208:Psoriasis
202:Back pain
149:Caribbean
115:Treatment
70:Neurology
65:Specialty
2292:Category
2262:BK virus
2065:diarrhea
1909:COVID-19
1651:Myelitis
1132:Myelitis
1035:Orphanet
1018:med/1038
933:25742898
898:11148245
829:Archived
781:17691249
732:Archived
710:23162542
623:Archived
581:Archived
509:Archived
476:Archived
447:18657726
371:See also
85:Symptoms
2015:Pharynx
1519:Central
1120:General
1062:Scholia
983:D015493
701:3494083
684:: 389.
577:3143058
482:24 July
472:Patient
438:2610848
355:cassava
324:History
228:uveitis
43:HAM/TSP
1679:HTLV-I
1624:Rabies
1474:HTLV-I
1064:has a
1040:289326
931:
896:
821:
779:
708:
698:
615:
575:
445:
435:
94:Causes
72:
2275:Mumps
2034:Mumps
2004:Human
1434:MCPyV
1189:Polio
1182:Other
1066:topic
994:29487
972:G04.1
37:) or
1989:hMPV
1861:OC43
1857:HKU1
1853:NL63
1849:229E
1507:AIDS
1386:KSHV
978:MeSH
929:PMID
894:PMID
819:ISBN
777:PMID
740:2023
706:PMID
613:ISBN
573:PMID
565:MMWR
517:2018
484:2016
443:PMID
339:and
308:IgG1
2269:MuV
2238:CBV
2213:HEV
2201:HDV
2189:HCV
2177:HAV
2170:CBV
2151:HBV
2028:MuV
1959:V,
1751:CBV
1720:HSV
1697:Eye
1584:LCV
1570:MeV
1501:HIV
1455:HCV
1400:EBV
1347:HPV
1333:HBV
963:ICD
919:doi
884:doi
853:at
798:at
767:doi
696:PMC
686:doi
433:PMC
425:doi
357:).
276:MRI
257:).
129:TSP
35:HAM
2294::
1965::
1926::
1920:,
1843::
1841:IV
1618:RV
1309:–
1038::
1027::
1016::
992::
981::
970::
967:10
927:.
915:54
913:.
909:.
892:.
880:56
878:.
874:.
827:.
775:.
763:55
761:.
757:.
730:.
726:.
704:.
694:.
680:.
676:.
646:.
621:.
579:.
569:37
567:.
563:.
533:.
507:.
503:.
492:^
474:.
470:.
455:^
441:.
431:.
421:26
419:.
415:.
151:.
2220:)
2218:E
2216:(
2208:)
2206:D
2204:(
2196:)
2194:C
2192:(
2184:)
2182:A
2180:(
2158:)
2156:B
2154:(
2107:)
2103:(
2062:/
2017:/
1949:/
1941:D
1939:/
1937:C
1935:/
1933:B
1931:/
1918:V
1859:/
1855:/
1851:/
1812:/
1783:/
1776:/
1532:/
1299:e
1292:t
1285:v
1104:e
1097:t
1090:v
1076:.
965:-
955:D
935:.
921::
900:.
886::
838:.
783:.
769::
742:.
712:.
688::
682:3
661:.
632:.
590:.
548:.
519:.
486:.
449:.
427::
127:(
45:)
41:(
33:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
