Truth (plays) - Knowledge

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photograph of Brescia. Metzger reported: “Mr. Sterling has woven a very interesting and, at times, thrilling story. ... Mr. Brescia has adapted his music to the poetic sentiment of the libretto rather than to the dramatic, although he has obtained occasional climaxes of unusual force. ... The “Prelude to the Play” is exceptionally skillfully treated, being symphonic in character, beautifully scored as to tone color and shading, and gratefully melodious without becoming banal. ... One of the most magnificent scenes of Truth was Ducorial's Court Scene, wherein the costumes and light effects beggar description. ... In this scene occurred the principal dances, which proved in every way worthy of the immensity of the spectacle and which Mr. Brescia's music accentuated with unerring effect. R. H. Seward as Ducorial, the king, essayed his important role with dignity and imposing histrionic skill. Dion Holm as the High Priest delivered his lines in a resonant, powerful voice that filled the magnificent grove theatre to the remotest corner. The lighting effects were indescribable, illuminating the huge redwood trees to the very highest branches and putting into startling relief some of the most inspiring scenes of the play.”

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his priests to crucify Truth's follower Uliun the Dreamer and to throw Truth off a high cliff. Uliun dies but Truth is unharmed. The high priest stabs her in the heart and she seems to die. People riot, but the high priest persuades them to worship the dead “goddess.” On a wooded hillside beyond Vae's walls, Egon and his lover have fled the chaotic city. They see the armies of King Corvannon, Vae's enemy, attack the weakened city. On the hill above Egon and his lover, the nude woman appears in a shining light. She holds out her arms to Egon. He identifies her as Truth, and asks her to leave him to his lover's beauty and love, even though he knows both are illusions. Dawn breaks. In Vae, people kneel before the altar of their new goddess. On the hillside, Egon leaves Truth standing alone, glowing on the hilltop.

443: 1030:... Brescia wrote essentially three sets of music with wildly different orchestrations and colors. One group of themes emanated from the Prologue Chorus and was solemn or mystic in feeling. The second was characterized by dance themes and exotic colors, while the third was rough, war-like and, in part, regal. By use of clear-cut aesthetic elements, Brescia was previewing what would become standard film score techniques about a decade later. Playing through the songs and duets, one cannot help but compare the music to Welsh folksongs in the Bardic style. In fact the score resembles a style of opera known as the Glastonbury School of West Country England. In particular, we are reminded of Rutland Boughton's 948: 876: 595: 29: 491:

time it seems better and each time my sense of delight in the theme and its story and in the real beauty of many passages has increased. It is, in my judgment, a work of unusual excellence and one which would set a high standard for the new series of books you have in mind. I very much hope you will be able to publish it this way and that it may have a format in keeping with the rare delicacy of its thought and expression. It has been a treat to me and I am heartily grateful for the opportunity of reading it.

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Coonan, Frank R. Girard, W. W. Boardman, A. G. Heunisch, Timothy Healy, Robert Beale, W. H. Crim, Jr., A. H. Brawner, Jr., Joseph J. Henderson, C. B. Bradford, Charles H. Davis, Rea E Ashley, Henley E. Miller, W. H. Robinson, George Hotaling (nephew of Richard M. Hotaling), B. G. McDougall, Eustace Cullinan, T. R. Carskadon, R. D. Holabird, W. R. Bacon, Whitman Symmes, John H. Threlkeld, Horace Clifton, Charles Martin, Tirey L. Ford., Jr., William T. Sesnon, Jr.

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cannot bear to look in her eyes. Uliun will not allow her to be covered, but expects people to worship her beauty as he does. A crowd gathers and causes a commotion. The captain of the guards covers the woman with a cloak and takes her to a jail so the king can decide what to do. A guard enters her jail cell for sex but leaves stunned and unable to speak. A second guard enters her cell, looks in her eyes, then says: “This girl is of the everlasting gods.”

1005:“is one of Sterling's finest works.” He points out that Truth's follower “Uliun is one of those visionaries who think they know a portion of Truth and devote themselves to communicating it to an ignorant and profane world, yet the words of ruth to Uliun—‘God's silence and the world's enormous pain’—reflect the same despair that lie at the center of 162:. Both versions tell a fantasy story set in and near the imaginary medieval walled city of Vae. The first version (written in 1921 and 1922, published 1923) was meant to be read for pleasure. The second version was written in 1925 and early 1926 to be performed. It was published and staged in 1926 with symphonic music composed and conducted by 422:. Sterling explained: “Seymour is honest, I have been led, so far, to believe, and no one seems to be getting anything but kudos from the books he gets out. ... I joined his association out of good nature, long ago, and last winter he wrote asking me if they couldn't print something for me. I was just about to bring out 971:

The next issue, the magazine's front cover was headlined: “Domenico Brescia Writes Charming Music for 1926 Grove Play: George Sterling's Poem Excellent in Literary as Well as Allegorical Beauty.” The entire page was filled with a lengthy review by eminent music critic Alfred Metzger (1875-1943) and a

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Soldiers take her to the king. He takes her to his bedchamber, where he dies. With the king dead, the high priest takes control of Vae. The high priest orders a subordinate priest to cast the woman on a bed of fiery coals. The flames do not harm her. The subordinate goes mad. The high priest commands

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Priest-Lords – James Algie, George Anderson, Maurice Anger, R. A. Brown, Malcolm Donald, H. R. Freeman, J. J. Mahan, Meredith Parker, W. A. Mitchell, Ralph Bidwell, E. H. McCandlish, R. M. Neily, F. B. Snook, Ramsey Probasco, H. W. Orr, B. F. McKibben, F. D. Andrews, R. C. Baumgartner, A. G. Kellog,

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Other soldiers – H. F. McCandless, Percival Dolman, E. L. Taylor, F. A. Corbusier, E. F. Kern, Russell B. Field, E. J. Thomas, C. Nelson Hackett, William G. Volkmann, W. A. Brewer, Jr., John Howell, Scott Hendricks, Mark C. Elsworthy, H. E. Linden, S. W. MacLewee, P. J. Mohr, Neil H. Peterson, F. F.

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took place over more than two weeks, structured across three acts with fifteen scenes in ten locations. Sterling cut whole scenes and restructured the others to compress the action into three days and six scenes. He deleted fourteen characters. Of the play's six songs, he kept two (“Egon's Song” and

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Bookfellows published books for sale only to club members. The club bought no advertisements, ran no publicity campaigns, sent no review copies to book reviewers. Its marketing for a book consisted solely of a small, four-page leaflet that it mailed to members. The inside of Bookfellows’ leaflet for

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and ‘Pleasure and Pain.’ ...Sterling shows how Truth is in turn martyred and deified by a multitude who are ignorant of its real nature; and, with a turn of irony, he reveals how true knowledge can only lead to death. ... Egon chooses the illusion of love over the illusion of transcendent Truth as

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The lyric note of the music is struck in the interpretation of the characters of Egon, the poet, and Dendra, the shepherd girl, likewise in the charming ballet music which accompanies the feast at the king's court. Music of an Oriental flavor, exquisitely poignant in character, has been assigned to

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ran a full-page review by violinist and composer Victor Lichtenstein with photographs. Lichtenstein stated the play “was brilliantly presented in the Bohemian Grove, Sonoma County, by members of the Club, assisted by the major portion of the San Francisco Symphony. ... Domenico Brescia is the child

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Other priests – A. A. Arbogast, W. W. David, David Eisenbach, E. W. Hopkinson, T. G. Whitaker, P. S. Carlton, C. E. Engvick, Eric Gerson, C. R. Hoffman, A. H. Still, G. R. Williams, R. A. Glenn, E. V. Holton, Benjamin Romaine, M. H. White, A. Y. Wood, C. J. Evans, W. F. Hooke, R. H. Lachmund, John

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My first act of the new year is to send you back the Sterling manuscript. I have kept it longer than I intended because during the greater part of December I was so occupied as to put me out of the mood for fair appreciation of such a lovely piece of writing. I have read it several times and each

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The character of Truth, as personified by a nude form of unearthly beauty, moves, voiceless, throughout the entire action, and, in a striking close, stands on the mountain top, mutely beckoning the people to follow her. Here the lighting effects in the magnificent group of giant redwoods were of

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to compose orchestral music to be performed by 58 San Francisco Symphony musicians whom he would conduct. Set designers, costume designers, and other workers prepared to mount the huge production. By Bohemian Club tradition all roles in a Grove Play must be performed by male actors, dancers, and

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was a synopsis of Sterling's play, ending with the declaration that: “The entire story is worked out with constantly increasing interest and the denouement is not short of tremendous. Every lover of great literature should be proud to possess this book but only a limited number will be fortunate

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is set in a fictional medieval walled city named “Vae,” a classical Latin exclamation of pain. At dawn atop the city wall, a guard and the singer Egon see two people approach the city gates. The gates open. Uliun the Dreamer brings in a nude woman who does not speak. She is beautiful, but people

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Townspeople – Fred McNear, J. D. Fletcher, Otis R. Johnson, K. B. Crittenden, H. P. Plummer, H. L. Terwilliger, Harry Robertson, Luther Elkins, A. M. Newhall, F. W. Kroll, F. B. Burland, O. T. Cumberson, Harris C. Allen, H. C. Faulkner, G. H. Henrici, R. L. McWilliams, F. P. Griffiths, Clarence

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Each leaflet's back cover was an order form. For each book Bookfellows published, the club counted how many order forms it received, then it printed and bound exactly that many copies, plus a few for the author and for the club's own use. No extra copies were left for bookstores or libraries.

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magazine. He sent Mencken the lyrics to a second song, “Egon's Song,” asking: “Is the enclosed ditty too frank for your chaste pages?” Mencken replied: “Egon's song caresses me. I shall steal it for my autobiography. Meanwhile, I see no reason why it should not be embalmed in our great family

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Perroh, a sentry; Egon, a poet; Dendra, a shepherd’s daughter; Eor and Enelus, captains of the guard; Truth; Uliun the Dreamer; Akar, Uliun’s wife; Vursol, Akora, and Krood, soldiers; King Ducorial; court singer; High Priest Arkonion; Horeth and Heral, pagan priests;

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After a year and a half of work, Sterling finished his play in the winter of 1922. Now he needed a publisher. Alexander Robertson, the San Francisco bookstore owner who also ran a small publishing company and had published twelve of Sterling's books, could not print

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the episode of Egon and Dendra. ... A number of these interludes deserve to be popular. There is not a trivial bar in the entire score, in spite of the fluidity of the melodic line, sustained by vigorous rhythms and sometimes strange harmonic combinations.

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were available only to Bookfellows members, critics were unaware of Sterling's new play. One critic did write a lengthy review, reporting: “the poetry is beautiful, especially the lyrics that are interspersed,” and quoting “Atthan Dances” as an example.

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On August 13, the Club presented a concert of music from of the play in a large San Francisco auditorium. The music was performed by the San Francisco Symphony with singers and choruses from the Bohemian Grove performance. After the concert, the

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Dancers – Leslie Irving, W. T. Lion, J. F. Connelly, E. A. Holt, P. J. Kelley, McClure Kelly, Jr., J. M. Hamill, Calvin C. Chapman, C. W. Fay, Jr., F. W, Fuller, Jr., William Cupples, Junius Cravens, John Breeden, A. E. Larsen, J. G. Sutton,

548:... and admired it. I can see that it would be effective on the stage. The songs are among your best lyrics: two of them (‘Atthan Dances’ was one) still haunt me with ineluctable beauty and strangeness. There is nothing like them in poetry.” 906:“The grove play last night was accounted one of the finest from a literary standpoint that the club has had. It was written in blank verse, and many of George Sterling's lines were carved out in the full splendor of the classic tradition.” 375:

thought “Egon's Song” was too risqué, so Mencken had to retract his acceptance. Sterling responded: “Nathan didn't care to use ‘Egon's Song.’ I do not blame him, for it's pretty frank. Into your autobiography with it! You won't be lying.”

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Sterling was saved by George Steele Seymour, the head of Bookfellows, a Chicago-based national organization with about 3,000 members. Bookfellows published between two and five limited-edition books per year and the literary magazine

940:, a news magazine for the music business, briefly reported: “Domenico Brescia, the distinguished pedagogue and composer, scored a great personal triumph at the Bohemian Grove on Saturday evening, July 31, when his grove play, 1089:

Janney, Chester Herold, B. K. Vaughan, M. A. Yetter, A. H. Breininger, C. E. Greenfield, C. F. Volker, P. H. Ward, A. R. Angell, C. L. Firebaugh, J. W. Whiteford, F. E. Keast, J. H. Duhring, Wilson Meyer, Cassell Aubyn

1108:, M. C. Morshead, A. J. Coogan, W. V. Woehlke, E. T. J. Swasey, John J. Parker, H. K. Baxter, Charles L. Bowman, Frank C. Shaughnessy, Milo R. Robbins, L. R. Cupples, R. H. Cochran, Herbert A. Schmidt, Fuller Brawner 1019:

The music of Brescia represents the high plateau of classical form, structure, and orchestration applied to the special requirements of the Grove Stage and the Grove Play. ... Brescia's style compared favorably with

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of his age, and so we are not surprised to find in the musical interpretation of Mr. Sterling's poem something of contemporary harmonic idiom and a subtle and ingenious use of modern orchestral color.” He continued:

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Sterling's inspiration for his character Truth could have come from several sources, because Truth has been characterized as a naked woman for thousands of years, although not as the title character of a play.

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music “represents the high plateau of classical form, structure, and orchestration ... previewing what would become standard film score techniques about a decade later.” A literary historian ranked

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to produce movies based on London's works. Sterling certainly knew of Bosworth through London and possibly met Bosworth during one of Sterling's projects in Hollywood. Weber wrote the scenario for

434:, and thought it a good chance to save money: all I want is to see the play in print. Then it's off my mind and I no longer give a whoop what becomes of it.” That last remark would prove untrue. 1184:, S. T. Joshi, ed. (Madison, Wisconsin: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2001), p. 129. See also Sterling June 6, 1921 letter to Clark Ashton Smith, George Sterling and Clark Ashton Smith, 579:

ceremony. He had written songs, poems, and humor for Club events every year. He was a well-known, respected, and well-liked celebrity at Club dinners, and now pushed Club officers to select his

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W. R. Kneiss, J. S. Selfridge, M. J. Streeter, Marion Vecki, F. P. Watts, M. E. Creswell, L. E. Dicky, G. B. Koch, H. W. Lawrence, Richard Lundgren, O. R. Marston, R. L. Vaughan, C. L. McVey

773:, and their ilk. They were joined by “many of the greatest figures in art, music, and literature of America,” a newspaper proclaimed. Then-famous artistic attendees included cartoonist 706: 499:

leaflet to H. L. Mencken, who shot back: “It is amusing to find ‘Frederick Coykendall’ giving his imprimatur to George Sterling. What next, in God's name? Who in hell is Coykendall?”

944:, for which George Sterling has written an excellent book, was presented before a distinguished audience.” The publication stated that full coverage would appear in its next issue. 737:

received nationwide newspaper coverage, but not for Sterling's writing. Instead, reporters went agog over celebrities in his play's audience. Attendees included royalty (Sweden's

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Page three of the four-page leaflet was unusual. Its headline read: “A Letter from Frederick Coykendall, of the Committee on Publication, Inner Circle of Bookfellows:”

340:, Truth's follower Gabriel is murdered for his dedication to Truth, just as in Sterling's play Truth's follower Uliun the Dreamer is murdered for his worship of Truth. 635:“Atthan Dances”) but moved them to different scenes. Then he wrote six new songs, for a total of eight. He transformed his closet drama into a stage spectacle to fill 783:, and based on that, seven Broadway shows, nine animated cartoons, three live-action movies, hit songs, comic books, and paperback and hardcover books); artists 442: 1516:

Alfred Metzger, “Domenico Brescia Writes Charming Music for 1926 Grove Play: George Sterling's Poem Excellent in Literary as Well as Allegorical Beauty,”

240:. Sterling studied Latin for three years while learning to become a Roman Catholic priest at Saint Charles College in Maryland. He probably encountered 483: 691:, who sculpted a female torso that could be worn by a young male actor. The Club scheduled the play's single Bohemian Grove performance for July 31. 336:

after seeing Faugeron's painting La Vérité. Weber's movie portrays four stories linked by appearances of the nude Truth and her disciple Gabriel. In

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In June 1921 Sterling stopped writing lyric poems to concentrate on writing a new poetic drama. He wrote to iconoclastic editor and critic

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presented a unique challenge because the title character Truth is a woman who appears onstage naked. This dilemma was solved by sculptor

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included six songs. Sterling thought the lyrics of three songs were also good poems. He sold one, “Atthan Dances,” to H. L. Mencken for

1445:(August 25, 1926), p. 2. The Associated Press syndicated its versions of the story nationwide; for a brief AP example, see “To Present 1158:, Earle Labor, Robert C. Leitz III, and I. Milo Shepard, eds. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1988), volume 3, p. 1214, note 1. 746: 742: 639:’s mammoth outdoor stage with an expanded cast of 173 actors and extras, 27 dancers, and a choir of about thirty boy singers from 252: 166:. 1926 reviewers praised both Sterling's play and Brescia's musical score. A half-century later, musical scholars said Brescia's 260: 640: 529:

sold 250 copies to Bookfellows members. The club printed an extra 35 copies for the author and for its own use. Each copy of

151: 1034:. This score is also noteworthy for use of a boy soprano in a leading role, and the use of the Grace Cathedral Boys’ Choir. 1351:

Publication date: Sterling May 22, 1926 letter to Walter Adolphe Roberts, Gross, pp. 548-550. See also Robert W. Mattila,

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In 1985, musical historians Richard P. Buck and Forrest J. Baird examined and played Brescia's score and were impressed:

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Quotation about Brescia's music: Richard P. Buck and Forrest J. Baird, “Domenico Brescia: Bohemian from Bologna,”

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Court musicians and servitors – F. Nash Cartan, Arden Davidson, Myron E. Etienne, Ray Durney, Alex J. Young, Jr.

399: 296: 630:, a play meant to be read in a book, not a play to be staged and watched in a theater. The actions in his first 272: 567:. Sterling lived in the Bohemian Club apartments in San Francisco. He had contributed to the 1918 Grove Play, 1012:

the poem ends. In fact, all the responses to Truth dramatized in the poem are different types of illusions.”

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to be rewritten as a Grove Play. Sterling had worked with the millionaire Club member Richard M. Hotaling on

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because he was out of money: “He is too much in debt to banks and printers ...” Sterling explained to poet

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celestial and overwhelming beauty. ... A distinguished audience ... expressed enthusiastic appreciation.

864: 804: 770: 324:(then one of the most powerful people in Hollywood) and produced by writer-movie star-director-producer 107: 650: 506: 591:

copy 247 of 285 to Hotaling: “May these pathetic incidents awaken in your heart new ardor for Truth!”

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was published December 1923 by the Bookfellows in a deluxe collector's edition limited to 285 copies.

808: 784: 284: 248: 1580: 1575: 844: 471: 304: 300: 913:, of glorious radiance ... Held together in common awe were men representing every walk of life.” 909:“In a setting of unrivaled beauty, with a musical accompaniment touching every chord of harmony, 779: 618:

The Bohemian Club officers in charge of play selection made their choice in mid-1925: They chose

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Lords and ladies of the court – John F. Brooke, Jr., Joseph L. Black, Malcom F. Campbell, C.

355:: “I’ve quit writing lyrics, for a time, though, and am at another dramatic poem I'm calling 1025: 916:“George Sterling, rapidly becoming the poet laureate of these United States, wrote the poem 856: 828: 824: 792: 675: 663: 607: 163: 59: 960: 888: 788: 750: 738: 723: 711: 659: 599: 515: 451: 325: 159: 69: 49: 38: 1490:(August 14, 1926), p. 4; see also Robert H. Willson, “Bohemians Triumph in ’26 Concert,” 478:

of book lovers (and later its president for four years). Coykendall's portrait is in the

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For centuries visual artists have portrayed Truth as a naked woman. For examples, see

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The Shadow of the Unattained: The Letters of George Sterling and Clark Ashton Smith

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Sterling June 2, 1921 letter to H. L. Mencken, H. L. Mencken and George Sterling,

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Richard P. Buck and Forrest J. Baird, “Domenico Brescia: Bohemian from Bologna,”

777:(for most Americans, the biggest celebrity there: the creator of hit comic strip 820: 754: 329: 155: 694:

The Bohemian Club published 1,300 copies of a book version of Sterling's play

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books, he wanted to have his drama staged as a spectacular Grove Play for the

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One of the earliest authors to portray Truth as nude was classical Roman poet

1381:(July 17, 1926), p.6; “Bohemians in ‘Low Jinks’ Frolic, Await Grove Play,” 1182:

From Baltimore to Bohemia: The Letters of H. L. Mencken and George Sterling

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was performed July 31 before an audience of 1,200. Reviews were favorable:

328:. On July 26, 1913, Bosworth signed a contract with Sterling's best friend 544:

More specific was poet Clark Ashton Smith, who wrote to Sterling: “I read

307:’s mural “Lyric Poetry,” which features a naked woman captioned “TRVTH.” 359:, showing the dear lady's reception by priest, potentate and populace.” 933:

is one of the best Bohemian Grove plays that has yet been presented.”

622:. Sterling started revising his play in July. He had written the first 1429:(August 1, 1926), p. 1; “Swedish Prince Speaks at Frisco Reception,” 1389:(July 27, 1926), p. 4; “Prince, Princess to See Bohemian Club Play,” 1283:

Clubman (pseudonym), “Men and Women in the Mirror: George Sterling's

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More than half a century later, Thomas Benediktsson in his 1980 book

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character Truth's onscreen nudity caused controversy in some cities.

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A scandalous movie was a possible inspiration: The 1915 feature film

211: 1433:(August 2, 1926), p. 1; Victor Lichtenstein, “Many Notables Witness 1338:

Scale of spectacle: George Sterling, “The Twenty-Fifth Grove Play,”

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v.44 n.17 (August 14, 1926), p. 4; “Artist Lauds Metcalf's Story,”

1385:(July 25, 1926), p. 1; “World Figures to See Grove Play Saturday,” 827:; writer and economist Albert W. Atwood; magazine editor-publisher 765:, real estate magnate Joel Adams Fithian, multimillionaire Charles 946: 874: 705: 649: 593: 505: 441: 1137:

n. 47 (Summer 1985), pp. 15-16. Quotation about Sterling's play:

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April 1923 Bookfellows leaflet advertising first edition of play

1397:(July 28, 1926), p. 3; “Future King of Sweden Is Visitor Here,” 761:(one of the five richest men in the United States), billionaire 1169:

AFI Catalog of Feature Films: The First 100 Years, 1893 – 1993

1409:(July 31, 1926), p. 6; “Wonder Play Is Bohemian Club Annual, 1462:

Quotations from critics: “Many Notables See Bohemian Play,”

1421:(August 1, 1926), p. 64; “Many Notables See Bohemian Play,” 1364:

1926 July 25 “Bohemians in ‘Low Jinks’ Frolic, Await Play,”

1425:(August 1, 1926), pp. 1, 7; “Annual Grove Play Is Given,” 1413:(August 1, 1926), part 2 pp. 1-2; The Knave (pseudonym), “ 1355:(Seattle: Book Club of Washington, 2004), section A28.b. 1167:

Entry for “Hypocrites (1915),” American Film Institute,

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periodical. My best thanks.” However, Mencken's partner

1201:, p. 148. Mencken November 5, 1921 letter to Sterling: 16:

1923 and 1926 medieval fantasy plays by George Sterling

1393:(July 28, 1926), p. 4; “Prince to See Bohemian Play,” 1205:

p. 148. Sterling November 10, 1921 letter to Mencken:

1466:(cited above); “Wonder Play Is Bohemian Club Annual, 1218:

Sterling June 14, 1922 letter to Clark Ashton Smith:

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Lead solo dancers – R. P. Hooper, Marshall Hale, Jr.

470:Coykendall was a wealthy businessman, a Trustee of 220:, published in 23 B.C., ode 24 includes the phrase 129: 121: 113: 99: 84: 75: 65: 55: 45: 21: 1342:(San Francisco: Bohemian Club, 1926), pp. vi-viii. 397:, as he had done with his first poetry collection 232:actually refers to a quality a person might have, 963:, Act 2 Scene 2: King Ducorial's court. Photo by 1047:Dendra, a shepherd's daughter – Leo Christianson 1312:Sterling inscription dated September 24, 1924: 1078:Enelus, a captain of the guard – John R. Gwynn 426:at my own expense, as I'd done in the case of 1197:Sterling October 30, 1921 letter to Mencken: 133:In and nearby the medieval walled city of Vae 8: 1529:Victor Lichtenstein, “Many Notables Witness 1316:(Hackettstown, NJ: Old Mill Bookshop, 2021). 1299:Smith September 4, 1926 letter to Sterling: 438:First book publication and critical response 1486:Redfern Mason, “New Bohemian Play Lauded,” 1314:Old Mill Bookshop Fine Literature Catalogue 1257:Mencken April 21, 1923 letter to Sterling, 1289:(February 23, 1924), magazine section, p.1 670:, San Francisco. Cover art by Dan Sweeney. 533:was hand-numbered and signed by Sterling. 27: 18: 1325:Sterling July 1, 1925 letter to Mencken: 1086:Heral, a pagan priest – Frank C. Thompson 1064:Krood, a soldier – Benjamin A. Purrington 1049:Eor, a captain of the guard – Boyd Oliver 891:, Act 1 Scene 1: Vae city wall. Photo by 851:, and Victor Lichtenstein; opera singers 606:under a painting of Truth, Sterling, and 1231:Sterling May 4, 1923 letter to Mencken: 1520:v. 50 n. 9 (August 5, 1926), pp. 1, 13. 1126: 486:. In large type, the leaflet page read: 1470:(cited above); “Chords and Cadences,” 871:1926 performance and critical response 1274:(Chicago: Bookfellows, 1923), p. 125. 1057:Vursol, a soldier – Frank C. Thompson 228:—a slight inaccuracy. The Latin word 224:, usually translated into English as 174:as “one of Sterling's finest works.” 7: 1104:, Gurney E. Newlin, J. A. Thompson, 1082:An armourer – Benjamin A. Purrington 1074:Horeth, a pagan priest – Boyd Oliver 1053:Uliun the Dreamer – Austin W. Sperry 1043:Perroh, a sentry – E. Malcom Cameron 759:Cornelius Kingsley Garrison Billings 518:, published by Bookfellows, Chicago. 510:December 1923 first edition of play 1401:(July 30, 1926), p. 1; “To Present 1377:“Visit Planned to Bohemian Grove,” 1248:(Chicago: Bookfellows, 1923), p. 3. 1113:Leader of dancers – A. P. Macdonald 1068:Clerk of the Court – J. Ralph Sloan 863:; and astronomer and MIT president 795:, and Richard Partington; sculptor 1537:v.44 n.17 (August 14, 1926), p. 4. 1098:McEwing, E. W. Roland, C. P. Tibbe 559:After Sterling received his bound 474:, and a member of New York City's 287:, and naked Truth in paintings by 14: 1507:v. 50 n. 8 (July 20, 1926), p. 6. 1045:Egon, a poet – Charles F. Bulotti 975:National music business magazine 747:William Astor, 3rd Viscount Astor 743:Waldorf Astor, 2nd Viscount Astor 575:, and co-wrote the Club's annual 571:, wrote the Grove Play for 1907, 1546:Benediktsson, pp. 149, 151, 155. 1139:Benediktsson, Thomas E. (1980). 1084:A butcher – Frederick W. McNulty 1072:High Priest Arkonion – Dion Holm 552:Creation of the second version, 158:by American poet and playwright 1559:n. 47 (Summer 1985), pp. 15-16. 1353:George Sterling: A Bibliography 1055:Akar, Uliun's wife – H. R. Olds 643:. Sterling finished his second 1143:. Boston: Twayne. p. 149. 1: 269:An Allegory of Truth and Time 244:in Horace's well-known poem. 202:Origin of the title character 1518:Pacific Coast Musical Review 1505:Pacific Coast Musical Review 1076:Executioner – George L. Bell 1066:King Ducorial – R. H. Seward 938:Pacific Grove Musical Review 320:was written and directed by 1557:Bohemian Club Library Notes 1135:Bohemian Club Library Notes 757:), and the wealthy: tycoon 749:), United States Senators ( 194:Creation of the first play 1602: 1477:(August 21, 1926), p. B-2. 1156:The Letters of Jack London 1070:Court singer – Easton Kent 993:Later critical evaluations 654:May 1926 first edition of 33:1923 and 1926 versions of 22:Truth; Truth: A Grove Play 1464:Santa Rosa Press Democrat 1427:Reno Nevada State Journal 1423:Santa Rosa Press Democrat 1383:Santa Rosa Press Democrat 1366:Santa Rosa Press Democrat 739:Crown Prince Gustav Adolf 712:Crown Prince Gustav Adolf 585:The Twilight of the Kings 569:The Twilight of the Kings 484:National Portrait Gallery 400:The Testimony of the Suns 297:Thomas Jefferson Building 26: 1451:Bakersfield Morning Echo 1407:Bakersfield Morning Echo 1379:Santa Barbara News Press 1244:Bookfellows leaflet for 1039:1926 characters and cast 291:, Adolphe Faugeron, and 819:; biographer-novelists 480:Smithsonian Institution 214:. In his first book of 88:July 31, 1926 1492:San Francisco Bulletin 1488:San Francisco Examiner 1468:San Francisco Examiner 1453:(July 31, 1926), p. 6. 1411:San Francisco Examiner 1395:San Francisco Examiner 1106:Charles Caldwell Dobie 1036: 990: 968: 927:San Francisco Examiner 896: 835:; writer and composer 801:Charles Caldwell Dobie 731: 671: 615: 573:The Triumph of Bohemia 519: 493: 455: 261:The Calumny of Apelles 253:Truth Unveiled by Time 150:are two versions of a 1399:Santa Rosa Republican 1387:Santa Rosa Republican 1368:(July 25, 1926), p.1. 1287:Oakland Post Enquirer 1080:A baker – M. C. Mason 1017: 982: 950: 878: 865:Henry Smith Pritchett 805:Charles Gilman Norris 771:William Henry Crocker 741:), British nobility ( 709: 653: 597: 509: 488: 445: 404:and his verse dramas 277:naked Truth in a well 275:’s four paintings of 108:Monte Rio, California 1533:in Bohemian Grove,” 1437:in Bohemian Grove,” 809:Stewart Edward White 785:John Marshall Gamble 678:used Sterling's new 285:The Truth (Lefebvre) 249:Gian Lorenzo Bernini 1431:Minneapolis Tribune 1059:Akora, a soldier – 1051:Truth – Mr. Edwards 900:Truth: A Grove Play 845:Ossip Gabrilowitsch 735:Truth: A Grove Play 696:Truth: A Grove Play 685:Truth: A Grove Play 656:Truth: A Grove Play 554:Truth: A Grove Play 472:Columbia University 380:Finding a publisher 305:Henry Oliver Walker 301:Library of Congress 147:Truth: A Grove Play 969: 897: 780:Bringing Up Father 732: 672: 616: 536:Because copies of 520: 464:enough to do so.” 456: 391:Clark Ashton Smith 373:George Jean Nathan 344:Writing the first 1102:Templeton Crocker 813:Harry Leon Wilson 769:, bank president 767:Templeton Crocker 763:George Owen Knapp 647:in August, 1925. 577:Cremation of Care 289:Peter Paul Rubens 265:Annibale Carracci 257:Sandro Botticelli 137: 136: 114:Original language 1593: 1560: 1553: 1547: 1544: 1538: 1527: 1521: 1514: 1508: 1501: 1495: 1484: 1478: 1475:Daily Pantagraph 1460: 1454: 1443:Oakland Enquirer 1391:Oakland Enquirer 1375: 1369: 1362: 1356: 1349: 1343: 1336: 1330: 1323: 1317: 1310: 1304: 1297: 1291: 1281: 1275: 1268: 1262: 1255: 1249: 1242: 1236: 1229: 1223: 1216: 1210: 1195: 1189: 1178: 1172: 1165: 1159: 1152: 1146: 1144: 1131: 857:Lawrence Tibbett 829:Charles K. Field 825:Frank Swinnerton 793:Jimmy Swinnerton 718:to see the play 676:Domenico Brescia 664:Domenico Brescia 608:Domenico Brescia 495:Sterling sent a 273:Jean-Léon Gérôme 164:Domenico Brescia 95: 93: 60:Domenico Brescia 31: 19: 1601: 1600: 1596: 1595: 1594: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1541: 1535:Musical America 1528: 1524: 1515: 1511: 1502: 1498: 1485: 1481: 1461: 1457: 1439:Musical America 1419:Oakland Tribune 1376: 1372: 1363: 1359: 1350: 1346: 1337: 1333: 1324: 1320: 1311: 1307: 1298: 1294: 1282: 1278: 1269: 1265: 1256: 1252: 1243: 1239: 1230: 1226: 1217: 1213: 1203:From Baltimore, 1196: 1192: 1179: 1175: 1166: 1162: 1153: 1149: 1141:George Sterling 1138: 1132: 1128: 1123: 1116: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1083: 1081: 1079: 1077: 1075: 1073: 1071: 1069: 1067: 1065: 1063: 1058: 1056: 1054: 1052: 1050: 1048: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1029: 999:George Sterling 995: 986: 977:Musical America 974: 973: 961:George Sterling 889:George Sterling 873: 789:Harrison Fisher 751:James D. Phelan 724:George Sterling 704: 666:, published by 660:George Sterling 641:Grace Cathedral 600:George Sterling 587:. He inscribed 557: 516:George Sterling 452:George Sterling 440: 402:and Other Poems 382: 349: 326:Hobart Bosworth 295:. In 1896, the 242:nudaque veritas 222:nudaque veritas 204: 199: 180: 160:George Sterling 100:Place premiered 91: 89: 70:George Sterling 50:George Sterling 41: 39:George Sterling 17: 12: 11: 5: 1599: 1597: 1589: 1588: 1586:American plays 1583: 1578: 1568: 1567: 1562: 1561: 1548: 1539: 1522: 1509: 1496: 1479: 1455: 1370: 1357: 1344: 1331: 1327:From Baltimore 1318: 1305: 1292: 1276: 1263: 1259:From Baltimore 1250: 1237: 1233:From Baltimore 1224: 1211: 1207:From Baltimore 1199:From Baltimore 1190: 1173: 1160: 1147: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1040: 1037: 994: 991: 965:Gabriel Moulin 953:Bohemian Grove 922: 921: 914: 907: 893:Gabriel Moulin 881:Bohemian Grove 872: 869: 853:John McCormack 837:Joseph Redding 833:Clay M. Greene 775:George McManus 728:Gabriel Moulin 716:Bohemian Grove 703: 700: 698:in May, 1926. 674:Then Bohemian 637:Bohemian Grove 612:Gabriel Moulin 604:Bohemian Grove 556: 550: 439: 436: 381: 378: 348: 342: 281:Jules Lefebvre 203: 200: 198: 192: 179: 176: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 123: 119: 118: 115: 111: 110: 104:Bohemian Grove 101: 97: 96: 86: 85:Date premiered 82: 81: 77: 73: 72: 67: 63: 62: 57: 53: 52: 47: 43: 42: 32: 24: 23: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1598: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1571: 1558: 1552: 1549: 1543: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1526: 1523: 1519: 1513: 1510: 1506: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1483: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1374: 1371: 1367: 1361: 1358: 1354: 1348: 1345: 1341: 1335: 1332: 1328: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1286: 1280: 1277: 1273: 1267: 1264: 1260: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1241: 1238: 1234: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1194: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1177: 1174: 1170: 1164: 1161: 1157: 1154:Jack London, 1151: 1148: 1142: 1136: 1130: 1127: 1120: 1118: 1107: 1103: 1062: 1061:Everett Glass 1038: 1035: 1033: 1032:Immortal Hour 1027: 1023: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1004: 1000: 992: 989: 981: 978: 966: 962: 958: 955:rehearsal of 954: 949: 945: 943: 939: 934: 932: 928: 919: 915: 912: 908: 905: 904: 903: 901: 894: 890: 886: 883:rehearsal of 882: 877: 870: 868: 866: 862: 861:Everett Glass 858: 854: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 831:; playwright 830: 826: 822: 818: 817:Irvin S. Cobb 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 797:Haig Patigian 794: 790: 786: 782: 781: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 729: 725: 721: 717: 714:of Sweden in 713: 708: 702:News coverage 701: 699: 697: 692: 690: 689:Haig Patigian 686: 681: 677: 669: 668:Bohemian Club 665: 661: 657: 652: 648: 646: 642: 638: 633: 629: 625: 621: 613: 609: 605: 601: 596: 592: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 565:Bohemian Club 562: 555: 551: 549: 547: 542: 539: 534: 532: 528: 524: 517: 513: 508: 504: 500: 498: 492: 487: 485: 481: 477: 473: 468: 465: 462: 453: 449: 444: 437: 435: 433: 429: 425: 421: 415: 413: 409: 408: 403: 401: 396: 392: 388: 379: 377: 374: 369: 365: 362:His new play 360: 358: 354: 353:H. L. Mencken 347: 343: 341: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 314: 308: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 251:’s sculpture 250: 245: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 218: 213: 208: 201: 197: 193: 191: 187: 184: 177: 175: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 148: 143: 142: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 109: 105: 102: 98: 87: 83: 78: 74: 71: 68: 64: 61: 58: 54: 51: 48: 44: 40: 36: 30: 25: 20: 1556: 1551: 1542: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1517: 1512: 1504: 1499: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1474: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1458: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1417:Unadorned,” 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1373: 1365: 1360: 1352: 1347: 1339: 1334: 1326: 1321: 1313: 1308: 1300: 1295: 1288: 1284: 1279: 1271: 1266: 1258: 1253: 1245: 1240: 1232: 1227: 1219: 1214: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1193: 1185: 1181: 1176: 1168: 1163: 1155: 1150: 1140: 1134: 1129: 1042: 1031: 1018: 1014: 1006: 1002: 998: 996: 983: 976: 970: 956: 941: 937: 935: 930: 926: 923: 917: 910: 899: 898: 884: 841:Mischa Elman 839:; musicians 799:; novelists 778: 745:and his son 734: 733: 719: 695: 693: 684: 679: 673: 655: 644: 631: 628:closet drama 623: 619: 617: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 560: 558: 553: 545: 543: 537: 535: 530: 526: 522: 521: 511: 501: 496: 494: 489: 476:Grolier Club 469: 466: 460: 457: 447: 431: 427: 423: 419: 416: 411: 406: 398: 394: 386: 383: 367: 363: 361: 356: 350: 345: 337: 333: 317: 311: 309: 293:Gustav Klimt 259:’s painting 246: 241: 237: 236:rather than 234:truthfulness 233: 229: 225: 221: 216: 209: 205: 195: 188: 182: 181: 171: 167: 146: 145: 140: 139: 138: 34: 1472:Bloomington 849:Wilbur Hall 821:Thomas Beer 815:; humorist 755:Key Pittman 726:. Photo by 710:July 1926: 662:, music by 610:. Photo by 598:July 1926: 420:Step Ladder 330:Jack London 226:naked truth 156:blank verse 154:written in 152:verse drama 80:Executioner 1581:1922 plays 1576:1926 plays 1570:Categories 1503:untitled, 1301:Unattained 1270:Colophon, 1220:Unattained 1121:References 951:July 1926 879:July 1926 338:Hypocrites 334:Hypocrites 322:Lois Weber 318:Hypocrites 313:Hypocrites 92:1926-07-31 76:Characters 46:Written by 1329:, p. 213. 1303:, p. 278. 1285:Truth"”, 1261:, p. 181. 1235:, p. 183. 1222:, p. 208. 1209:, p. 149. 683:singers. 368:Smart Set 303:unveiled 66:Lyrics by 1026:Giordano 859:; actor 432:Rosamund 412:Rosamund 178:Synopsis 56:Music by 1494:, p. 3. 929:said: “ 299:of the 230:veritas 130:Setting 125:fantasy 117:English 90: ( 1008:Lilith 811:, and 428:Lilith 407:Lilith 212:Horace 1531:Truth 1447:Truth 1435:Truth 1415:Truth 1403:Truth 1340:Truth 1272:Truth 1246:Truth 1022:Boito 1003:Truth 1001:said 957:Truth 942:Truth 931:Truth 918:Truth 911:Truth 885:Truth 720:Truth 680:Truth 645:Truth 632:Truth 626:as a 624:Truth 620:Truth 589:Truth 581:Truth 561:Truth 546:Truth 538:Truth 531:Truth 527:Truth 523:Truth 512:Truth 497:Truth 461:Truth 448:Truth 424:Truth 395:Truth 387:Truth 364:Truth 357:Truth 346:Truth 238:truth 196:Truth 183:Truth 172:Truth 168:Truth 141:Truth 122:Genre 35:Truth 1024:and 936:The 920:...” 855:and 823:and 753:and 430:and 410:and 217:Odes 144:and 1449:,” 1405:,” 1111:Jr. 959:by 887:by 722:by 658:by 602:in 514:by 482:’s 450:by 283:’s 267:’s 37:by 1572:: 867:. 847:, 843:, 807:, 803:, 791:, 787:, 414:. 279:, 271:, 263:, 255:, 106:, 1171:. 1145:. 1028:. 967:. 895:. 730:. 614:. 454:. 94:)

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