1385:
1393:
268:
1408:'s prediction that the Australia-United States FTA would shrink the Australian economy marginally because of the loss of trade with other countries. The IMF estimated $ US5.25 billion of extra U.S. imports entering into Australia per year under the FTA, but only $ US2.97 billion of extra Australian exports to the U.S. per year. However, it remains unclear whether or not Australia's worsening trade deficit with the United States can be solely attributed to the FTA. It may have been a lagged effect of an appreciation of the Australian dollar against the US dollar between 2000 and 2003.
3116:
1997:
144:
3126:
2189:
414:
198:
160:
1431:
after controlling for country specific factors. Estimates also suggest trade between
Australia and the United States fell in association with the implementation of AUSFTA - also after controlling for country-specific factors. Shiro Armstrong also concludes Australia and the United States reduced their trade with the rest of the world by US$ 53 billion and are worse off than they would have been without the agreement.
3420:
3054:
1326:
degree the existing limitations on the transparency of the process are those that have been imposed by the industry itself. The text of the
Agreement included text mandating transparency to the public, reflecting an offensive interest of Australia, thus creating a treaty level obligation to circumvent the efforts of the pharmaceutical industry to continue to frustrate public transparency of PBS processes.
186:
3066:
1310:
effectiveness compared to the therapy most likely to be replaced in practice. The result is that where there is no evidence of incremental benefit, a drug may not be listed at a higher price than the comparator with the result that for many (but by no means all) drugs the prices for subsidy purposes are a great deal cheaper than in many other major markets.
1002:
its Follow-up (1998) (ILO Declaration). The
Agreement recognizes the right of each Party to establish its own labour standards, and to adopt or modify accordingly its labour laws, and states that each Party shall strive to ensure that its laws provide for labour standards consistent with the internationally recognised labour principles
1175:. Partly as a result of these factors, the estimates of benefits produced by the CIE and relied on by the government were disputed by most economists who made submissions to the Senate Committees inquiring into the topic, some of whom concluded that the agreement would reduce Australia's economic welfare.
1430:
According to Shiro
Armstrong from the Crawford School of Public Policy at the Australian National University concluded, from over 10 years of dataset from the Productivity Commission suggests that Australian and US trade with the rest of the world fell - that there was trade diversion - due to AUSFTA
1415:
According to
Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade figures the imbalance in trade between the U.S. and Australia increased substantially during 2007. The United States became Australia's largest import source, with goods and services imported to a value of over A$ 31 billion. Australia's
1309:
system. The scheme provides reimbursement to community pharmacy for the costs of dispensing prescription medicines prescribed in accordance with the PBS Schedule, a comprehensive but closed formulary. Drugs are added to the formulary on the basis of an assessment of comparative effectiveness and cost
1001:
Chapter 18 of the
Agreement deals with labour, and is largely confined to general statements of principle. The Parties reaffirm their obligations as members of the International Labour Organization (ILO) and their commitments under the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and
944:
The parties agreed to minimise obstacles to the operation of each other's competition and consumer protection policies. Australia agreed that its governments at all levels would not provide any competitive advantage to any government businesses simply because they are government-owned. This provision
862:
The investment chapter of the FTA provides clear definitions as to what investments are covered and gives cross-border investors assurances in order to make it as safe as if they were investing in their own country. Among other things, the section prohibits each country from imposing or enforcing any
1325:
While companies have in particular criticised the process by which drugs are listed on the PBS, claiming that it lacks transparency, public health advocates have claimed that calls for transparency are merely an effort by drug companies to gain greater control over the process of listing. To a large
992:
systems, however an
Australian legislative committee has issued a report stating that this portion of the treaty has a "significant flaw": while the agreement provides permitted exceptions allowing the use of copyright access circumvention devices, it also disallows access to the tools used for such
757:
The section also outlines supporting documentation and verifications that the goods being traded are, indeed, originating in the exporting country, as defined by the agreement. The responsibility for verification of the applicable conditions is given to the importer. Denial of preferential treatment
704:
The section also sets up a
Committee on Agriculture with the purpose of providing "a formal opportunity for Australia and the United States to discuss a wide range of agricultural issues relevant to the Agreement, including trade promotion activities; barriers to trade; and consultation on the range
918:
This chapter is concerned with ensuring a non-discriminatory environment with regard to financial services. The section defines financial services as "all insurance and insurance-related services, and all banking and other financial services, as well as services incidental or auxiliary to a service
1368:
Latham responded unexpectedly by making Labor's support of the FTA conditional on an amendment that would allegedly safeguard the PBS. This effectively turned the tables on Howard: if the
Government refused the amendment as unnecessary, it opened itself to claims it was not safeguarding Australian
1411:
For the U.S., the FTA improved the overall trade deficit situation, creating a trade surplus with
Australia which rose 31.7% in the first quarter of 2005, compared to the same timeframe in 2004. U.S. exports to Australia increased 11.7% in the first quarter of 2005 to nearly $ 3.7 billion for the
1244:
community expressed concern over the effect of the agreement on government regulations enforcing a mandatory minimum of locally produced content on television. Since American content can be purchased by networks at a cost far less than the local production of Australian content, fears were raised
1057:
After the FTA was signed, there were initially concerns that the American agricultural sector would lobby against the agreement, due to a fear that it could interfere with the government's farm subsidies program. However, the agreement, with time limits on importation of Australian agricultural
844:
The goal of the safeguards section of the agreement is to lay out an agreed upon structure to guard against severe adverse effects to each countries domestic industries during the transition period after lifting tariffs. The countries also agree to consider the exclusion from the application of
956:
Subject to some exceptions, and the non-participation of some US states, the agreement required, in government and government agency procurement, that each party should accord to the other treatment no less favourable than the most favourable treatment accorded to domestic goods, services and
853:
Section 10 of the FTA gives clear meaning to the phrase "cross-border trade in services" and provides suppliers with an open environment in which to conduct their business. It requires that each country give the other's service suppliers national treatment or most-favored-nation treatment and
1028:
Each Party shall ensure that its laws, regulations, procedures, and administrative rulings of general application respecting any matter covered by this Agreement are promptly published or otherwise made available in such a manner as to enable interested persons and the other Party to become
1342:) claimed that the provisions of the Agreement would lead to increases in the prices of PBS medicines. However the relevant text was actually limited to issue of process and transparency, and contained no provisions that could affect price, and this was ultimately shown not to be the case.
1016:
Accordingly, each Party shall strive to ensure that it does not waive or otherwise derogate from, or offer to waive or otherwise derogate from, such laws in a manner that weakens or reduces the protections afforded in those laws as an encouragement for trade with the other Party, or as an
993:
circumvention. The report goes on to term it a "lamentable and inexcusable flaw", an "egregious flaw", and even a "flaw that verges on absurdity". The committee expressed the strong view that the Government must find a solution to the flaw before implementing this portion of the treaty.
653:
The chapter also reminds the two countries that they must abide by the WTO rules applying what is called national treatment. "National treatment" means that each country will provide the same treatment to imported goods from the other country as if they were domestically produced goods.
1146:
The government relied on estimates of the economic benefits of the FTA computed by the Centre for International Economics, a consultancy group. The leading group supporting the FTA was called Austa. Austa's arguments focused on the dynamic benefits of integration with the U.S. economy.
1113:
Additionally, labour groups expressed concern regarding the agreement. In a report to the USTR office, the Labor Advisory Committee (LAC) recommended that Congress reject the U.S.-Australia FTA because they believed the agreement failed to meet congressional negotiating objectives.
835:
Most of the section is language from both countries agreeing to share information on several levels of government regulation. They agree to attempt to accept each other's regulations and publish such rules and regulations in a timely manner in order to ensure transparency.
720:
provisions with regard to textile goods and safeguarding the domestic markets of the two countries. The agreement provides a mechanism to institute emergency action should the sudden increase in imports due to the reduction of tariffs lead to detrimental effects on the
3854:
649:
Chapter two of the FTA lays out conditions for what types of goods are subject to non-discriminatory treatment. Certain types of goods are fully applicable to the agreement immediately and some are phased in over a period of years or temporarily applicable.
894:
This section details agreed upon terms by both countries to assure fair trade between the telecommunications industries in each country. The rules specifically exclude measures relating to broadcast or cable distribution of radio or television programming.
4710:
3847:
4243:
550:
in power in Australia, that an Australia-U.S. FTA finally began to take shape. In April 2001, President Bush signalled his interest in pursuing an FTA with Australia provided "everything is on the table". Following this, in 2004, the Australian
1035:
Each Party shall maintain judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative tribunals or procedures for the purpose of the prompt review20-2 and, where warranted, correction of final administrative actions regarding matters covered by this Agreement.
1313:
While the scheme is very effective at keeping many drug prices low, pharmaceutical corporations in both the US and Australia are wary of the operation of the scheme, since they argue that higher drug prices are necessary to fund the costs of
657:
Finally, the chapter established a Committee on Trade in Goods with the purpose of providing arbitration for each country to "raise issues of concern in relation to tariffs, non-tariff measures, rules of origin and customs administration."
677:
are part of the agreement. These quotas allow Australian producers to export increasing amounts of these products free of duty to the United States during the tariff elimination period. The following agricultural products are designated:
3082:
1329:
Disquiet about the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme led to speculation that the American side would lobby heavily for its abrogation as an integral component of a free trade agreement. The Government was criticised, particularly by the
814:
Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Matters (provided with a mandate for "increasing the mutual understanding of the SPS measures and regulatory processes of each Party as well as continuing the cooperative efforts of the Parties
1384:
1261:
and the main benefits of a FTA between the two countries were seen to be increased access to the large, but heavily subsidised and protected, American market by Australian producers. In particular, the rural and regional-based
1191:
was extended to 70 years after the author's death. Most economists and others interested in intellectual property issues regarded this as undesirable. A number of prominent American economists took the same view in the case of
965:
The parties agreed to co-operate on mechanisms to facilitate electronic commerce, not to impose customs duties on digital products and for each to apply non-discriminatory treatment to the digital products of the others.
4109:
1266:
lobbied hard to have the agreement extend to the export of sugar. The eventual provisions of the agreement did not go as far as had been hoped, and as a result, some lobbyists for the sugar industry, notably independent
3029:
2091:
3034:
2067:
4376:
2177:
3745:
807:
1392:
4827:
3737:
2442:
818:
Standing Working Group on Animal and Plant Health (to help with the resolution of specific animal and plant health matters with the goal of resolving the problems with the least adverse effect on trade as
3228:
898:
Among other provisions, the agreement lays out rules for settling disputes among the members of the telecommunications industries in one country with the members in the other. It entitles enterprises to:
3104:
4521:
3840:
828:
This section acknowledges the rights and obligations of Australia and the United States to each other with respect to combating barriers to trade. These rights and obligations were laid out by the WTO
1245:
that the agreement would result in the diminishing fraction of home-grown media being screened on Australian television networks and in Australian cinemas being reduced even further. As a result, the
978:
period from 50 to 70 years after the author's death where copyright is calculated on the basis of the life of a natural person, and 70 years after the first performance or publication in other cases.
4774:
4438:
3202:
740:
The rules of origin section outlines the rules for determining the origin of the goods being traded in order to establish eligibility and also the method to determine the value of the goods traded.
4804:
1013:
Article 19.2 states that "The Parties recognise that it is inappropriate to encourage trade or investment by weakening or reducing the protections afforded in their respective environmental laws."
879:
to restrict sales of goods or services in its territory that an investment produces or supplies by relating such sales in any way to the volume or value of its exports or foreign exchange earnings;
4917:
1985:
3912:
2285:
1617:
4760:
3250:
3580:
4555:
4422:
4477:
2170:
3445:
1610:
666:
The agriculture section of the agreement outlines the system for eliminating most tariffs for agriculture products being traded between the two countries. It also agrees to eliminate
2484:
732:
authorities for ensuring that the rules of the agreement are carried out and outlines possible actions which can be taken if the exporting country appears to be acting in bad faith.
4781:
4724:
4408:
4058:
3472:
2383:
4562:
3156:
3146:
4532:
4236:
4185:
4174:
3097:
523:
The U.S. first proposed a free trade agreement with Australia as far back as 1945. In more recent times, the prospect of an Australia-U.S. FTA was raised in the 1980s by the
4882:
3824:
2163:
552:
3933:
3024:
2254:
2051:
1361:
to secure Opposition support of the agreement (knowing that Latham, among many Labor members, viewed the FTA as beneficial). The issue had divided the party, with the Left
3617:
3039:
2155:
1493:
3991:
3652:
2836:
1369:
interests; if it supported the amendment, it then tacitly admitted that the original terms of the agreement were inadequate. The bill was eventually amended and passed.
3947:
3940:
2264:
2259:
4327:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3531:
3161:
1978:
1338:, for not doing enough to safeguard the operations of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, allegations which the Government strenuously denied. Some academics (such as
3905:
2448:
2353:
2229:
4095:
3589:
3369:
2846:
2826:
1139:, the agreement was strongly supported by the Howard government as an enormous potential gain to the Australian economy and as essential to the continuation of the
359:
4907:
3919:
3891:
3423:
3090:
2244:
2219:
747:
are wholly obtained or produced entirely in the country, such as minerals extracted there, vegetable goods harvested there, and live animals born and raised there;
607:
on 13 August 2004. After some delay, the U.S. Administration accepted the amended Australian legislation as being consistent with implementation of the agreement.
4659:
4629:
4278:
3696:
2528:
2454:
2290:
3863:
2478:
2239:
2234:
1899:
876:
to relate in any way the volume or value of imports to the volume or value of exports or to the amount of foreign exchange inflows associated with an investment;
4320:
4051:
3207:
2075:
885:
to supply exclusively from its territory the goods that an investment produces or the services it supplies to a specific regional market or to the world market.
4306:
3984:
3954:
3898:
2269:
2224:
1790:
4902:
4687:
4666:
4599:
4065:
2030:
717:
3926:
2249:
4892:
4613:
4514:
4222:
3682:
2643:
2103:
1971:
1963:
4652:
4194:
3465:
2831:
2193:
1941:
708:
Finally, the two countries have committed to working with the WTO on a multilateral scale to eliminate export subsidies to other WTO member countries.
559:(CIE) – to model the economic impacts of such an agreement. Negotiations for the FTA began in March 2003 and after six rounds of negotiations held in
4742:
4606:
4229:
3661:
3524:
3503:
3490:
3313:
3197:
4130:
4007:
3019:
3004:
2999:
2046:
1228:
For a discussion of the copyright changes, see Rimmer, M. "Robbery Under Arms: Copyright Law and the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement"
3703:
3171:
1419:
In U.S. Fiscal Year 2006 (October 2005 through September 2006), which was the first full year during which E-3 regulations were in effect, the U.S.
829:
2368:
4834:
4811:
4571:
3719:
3624:
3596:
1517:
946:
1171:
from third countries, offsetting any benefits. Bilateral agreements may also undermine multilateral agreements such as those associated with the
1249:, as well as a number of prominent artists individually, argued for rejection of the FTA on the grounds that it would erode Australian culture.
4731:
4484:
4341:
3710:
3638:
3631:
3151:
3141:
1357:
party, the Greens, Democrats, or independent senators in order to secure ratification. The Government put heavy pressure on Labor Party leader
1286:
1246:
631:
627:
3689:
3120:
1921:
1846:
1821:
1576:
1471:
599:
4703:
4271:
4030:
3645:
3517:
3458:
3440:
3166:
2378:
1416:
exports to the U.S., however, amounted to only $ 15.8 billion AU. It remains unclear what, if any, real benefits the agreement has produced.
845:
global WTO safeguards imports from the other country where those imports are not a substantial cause of the injury to the domestic industry.
3328:
2404:
4079:
3510:
3379:
2056:
2038:
1696:
1483:
1404:
In the year following the agreement, Australian exports to the U.S. declined, while U.S. exports to Australia increased. This followed the
1878:
1747:
1592:
4897:
4887:
4493:
4292:
3970:
2489:
471:
249:
4102:
4645:
4541:
3603:
3348:
2991:
2976:
2744:
2521:
2001:
1692:
1073:
and other groups did speak out against the agreement on the basis that it would cause similar problems to those experienced by NAFTA.
4429:
4215:
3675:
2556:
975:
3374:
2363:
1936:
2358:
2338:
1926:
4264:
3318:
2664:
1427:
foreign workers under the treaty. 9,294 admissions were recorded in U.S. Fiscal Year 2007 (October 2006 through September 2007).
1128:
716:
Chapter four deals with the trade of textiles and apparel between the two party countries. The bulk of this section outlines the
345:
2388:
2328:
1764:
873:
to purchase, use, or accord a preference to goods produced in its territory, or to purchase goods from persons in its territory;
4912:
4818:
4636:
4578:
4500:
3963:
3809:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3774:
3767:
3610:
3343:
3265:
2699:
2430:
2373:
2348:
2323:
1420:
563:, Hawaii and Washington, D.C., the text was finally agreed to in February 2004, and signed off on by Australian Trade Minister
2436:
2343:
2333:
1822:"Supplemental Table 1: Nonimmigrant Admissions (I-94 Only) by Class of Admission and Country of Citizenship: Fiscal Year 2006"
4790:
4673:
4507:
4470:
4392:
4299:
4208:
4123:
3070:
2899:
2800:
1373:
1302:
1103:
1085:
1046:
3260:
1958:
1722:
626:
This chapter lays the framework for the FTA. It states that the provisions are consistent with the relevant sections of the
758:
and penalties may apply if proper verification is not provided by the importer upon request made by the importing country.
4694:
4585:
4313:
3058:
2894:
2790:
2571:
2561:
2514:
2414:
882:
to transfer a particular technology, a production process, or other proprietary knowledge to a person in its territory; or
583:
1066:
managed to allay the concerns of the American agricultural market (while greatly frustrating many Australian producers).
4401:
4355:
4153:
3998:
3668:
3481:
3406:
2628:
556:
287:
237:
378:
4369:
4160:
3760:
2935:
2904:
2879:
2694:
2618:
2409:
1931:
1895:
1405:
1263:
61:
1946:
1797:
1552:
1278:, still felt that the agreement was a net gain for Australian agriculture and supported ratification on that basis.
926:
financial institutions located in the territory of that country that are controlled by persons of the other country;
4859:
4850:
4797:
4348:
2981:
2950:
2930:
2884:
2759:
2714:
2689:
2679:
2633:
2613:
2576:
922:
The section further lays out the scope of its application as it applies to measures by either country that affect:
302:
638:(WTO) agreements and they lay the boundaries for subsequent bilateral agreements such as the Australian-U.S. FTA.
4753:
4592:
4461:
3270:
3009:
2955:
2856:
2764:
2495:
2022:
1488:
989:
46:
1376:, but dismissed as ineffective by the Greens and Democrats, who still argued for outright rejection of the FTA.
267:
4454:
4167:
2909:
2889:
2841:
2748:
2659:
1466:
1351:
1318:. The American pharmaceutical companies claim that in enjoying low-cost medicines, Australians are essentially
1315:
1282:
1172:
1010:
Chapter 19 responds to concerns that parties may seek to gain trade advantages by relaxing environmental laws.
810:(SPS) Agreement, this section sets up two committees to ensure that the SPS agreement provisions are followed.
635:
782:
cooperate with each other on all reasonable matters, especially those involving suspicion of illegal activity,
618:
The text of the Free Trade Agreement is divided into twenty-three sections, listed and summarized as follows:
1017:
encouragement for the establishment, acquisition, expansion, or retention of an investment in its territory.
4767:
3296:
2914:
2739:
1140:
421:
4717:
4257:
2769:
2709:
2674:
2581:
1640:
1354:
1339:
1099:
575:
532:
314:
217:
4385:
4146:
4139:
2731:
2623:
2097:
1289:
ran a high-profile campaign against the FTA on the basis that it would lead to manufacturing jobs being
1272:
1241:
1184:
932:
the investments of investors of the other country in financial institutions located in that country; and
1922:
Australian legislative committee report on the Technological Protections Measures aspects of the treaty
722:
1350:
The Australian Government did not hold a majority in the Senate, and thus required the support of the
4044:
4021:
4014:
3384:
3245:
2945:
2874:
2851:
2785:
2704:
2669:
2537:
1331:
641:
The chapter also sets definitions to be used throughout the agreement in order to assure uniformity.
76:
776:
provide advance rulings on tariff classifications and rules of origin within a given period of time,
3323:
2960:
2940:
2866:
2684:
2638:
2566:
1850:
1825:
1573:
929:
investors of the other country who have invested in financial institutions located in that country;
906:
seek review of disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions, and rates for interconnection; and
794:
apply risk management systems to concentrate on high-risk areas and facilitate low-risk areas, and,
17:
1183:
The provisions of the AUSFTA in Ch 17 required Australia to offer stronger protection to American
785:
protect the confidentiality of information provided in cooperation with other customs authorities,
311:
4680:
3977:
3877:
3394:
3333:
3223:
2795:
1659:
1635:
1319:
1193:
701:
The quota systems vary for the different products and are outlined, in detail, in this section.
1871:
1740:
337:
322:
4415:
4037:
3870:
3399:
2597:
1667:
1596:
1397:
1388:
Monthly value of Australian merchandise exports to the United States (A$ millions) since 1988
1362:
1335:
1281:
The Australian manufacturing sector was another problematic area. Australian labour, wage and
1237:
1206:
broader definition of technological protection measures, narrow exceptions, and review process
674:
604:
528:
489:
1671:
441:
An Act to implement the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement, and for other purposes
2551:
1649:
667:
106:
3450:
1700:
1531:
832:, which deals with standards, regulations, and conformity assessments, among other things.
413:
4445:
4250:
3306:
2721:
1580:
1450:
1440:
1168:
568:
164:
128:
2 months after notification of each state that all internal procedures have been completed
1636:"Robbery Under Arms: Copyright Law and the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement"
531:
offered to begin FTA negotiation with Australia and New Zealand, but was turned down by
4620:
3233:
2809:
2804:
2754:
1258:
1164:
1081:
591:
543:
388:
252:(NAFTA). The AUSFTA was signed on 18 May 2004 and came into effect on 1 January 2005.
4876:
4548:
4088:
3833:
3435:
3255:
3125:
2188:
1768:
1445:
1275:
1092:
743:
For the purposes of the FTA, this section defines an originating good as those that:
729:
460:
454:
245:
202:
110:
1663:
1155:
Criticisms of the FTA appeared from a number of sources and on a number of grounds:
4072:
3753:
3353:
935:
cross-border trade in financial services by service suppliers of the other country.
536:
524:
504:
1221:
protection of performers' economic and moral rights in respect of sound recordings
1726:
788:
impose their respective penalties for violations of customs laws and regulations,
4362:
4334:
4285:
4201:
3240:
1513:
1358:
1290:
1132:
1070:
587:
547:
670:
when the good in question is being exported to one of the two party countries.
3389:
2109:
1463:
program passed by the United States government in the aftermath of the AUSFTA.
1306:
1268:
1136:
1107:
1063:
564:
432:
148:
1163:
Economic theory suggests that bilateral agreements like the FTA will lead to
863:
of the following requirements in relation to an investment in its territory:
791:
promptly release goods consistent with ensuring compliance with customs laws,
3301:
3115:
1996:
1188:
341:
241:
190:
1532:"H.R. 4759:United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act"
1654:
779:
provide some sort of administrative body to review customs determinations,
4116:
3338:
1872:"The economic impact of the Australia–United States free trade agreement"
1741:"The economic impact of the Australia–United States free trade agreement"
1460:
1424:
1077:
770:
promptly publish law, regulations, guidelines and administrative rulings,
560:
368:
2506:
1455:
773:
administer customs laws in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner,
766:
This section outlines the requirements of the customs authorities to:
3187:
2092:
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
982:
590:
on 15 July 2004 by a vote of 80–16, and signed into law by President
1102:
gave strong support to the FTA. The agreement was also supported by
610:
The Agreement came into force in both countries on 1 January 2005.
4828:
Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act
3291:
3286:
2286:
Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)
1391:
1383:
909:
to obtain judicial review of a determination by a regulatory body.
753:
are produced in the country partly from non-originating materials.
349:
1942:
U.S. House Ways and Means Committee Hearing on Australia-U.S. FTA
750:
are produced in the country wholly from originating materials; or
1927:
U.S. International Trade Commission Report on Australia-U.S. FTA
1847:"Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2007, Supplemental Table 1"
1059:
797:
maintain expedited procedures with respect to express shipments.
407:
US Free Trade Agreement Implementation (Customs Tariff) Act 2004
4522:
White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships
3454:
3086:
2510:
2159:
1967:
1947:
President's Message to the United States Congress on the AUSFTA
1489:
Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
1212:
stronger protection of electronic rights management information
1127:
The agreement became a major political issue leading up to the
903:
seek timely review by a regulator or court to resolve disputes;
580:
United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act
261:
United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act
4775:
Committee on Climate Change Science and Technology Integration
1896:"The costs of Australia's "free trade" agreement with America"
1365:
in particular arguing that Labor should reject the agreement.
1285:
standards are substantially higher than those of the US. The
278:
To implement the United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement
854:
prohibits many restrictions to market access and transfers.
597:
In Australia, the agreement's implementing legislation, the
1937:
U.S. Senate Finance Committee Hearing on Australia-U.S. FTA
1932:
Congressional Research Service Report on Australia-U.S. FTA
1167:
between the parties directly involved, but will also cause
870:
to achieve a given level or percentage of domestic content;
867:
to export a given level or percentage of goods or services;
3251:
Implications of U.S. gene patent invalidation on Australia
1959:
Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement Media Archive
1553:"President Bush Signs U.S.-Australia Free Trade Agreement"
1412:
quarter. Agriculture exports to Australia increased 20%.
1271:, urged rejection of the FTA. However, many, such as then
4556:
Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001
53:
1574:"Review of technological protection measures exceptions
4725:
Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005
4478:
President's Council on Service and Civic Participation
4409:
Higher Education Relief Opportunities For Students Act
1396:
Monthly value of US merchandise exports to Australia (
1218:
safe harbour provisions for Internet Service Providers
945:
is consistent with existing provisions of Australia's
38:
4563:
Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003
2455:
Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
728:
In addition, this section details the cooperation of
55:
Australia–United States Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA)
4175:
Foreign Investment and National Security Act of 2007
1423:
recorded 2,123 admissions of Australian citizens as
634:(GATS). Both GATT and GATS are documents created by
622:
Establishment of the free trade area and definitions
40:
United States–Australia Free Trade Agreement (AUFTA)
4918:
Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration
4741:
4531:
4184:
3823:
3729:
3489:
3362:
3279:
3216:
3180:
3134:
2990:
2969:
2923:
2865:
2819:
2778:
2730:
2652:
2606:
2590:
2544:
2467:
2423:
2397:
2316:
2309:
2278:
2207:
2200:
2129:
2122:
2084:
2015:
2008:
1372:Latham's amendment proposals were supported by the
1084:companies, who were concerned about the Australian
542:It was not until early 2001, after the election of
503:
495:
485:
477:
467:
449:
420:
402:
320:
298:
293:
282:
274:
210:
177:
132:
124:
116:
102:
92:
82:
72:
34:
2485:Canada–United States Automotive Products Agreement
1611:"Office of the United States Trade Representative"
303:
1514:"US Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act 2004"
1131:. After a protracted period of negotiation under
4328:National Security Entry-Exit Registration System
3746:Joint session of Congress (September 11 attacks)
1723:"Official Website of the Australian Labor Party"
1203:special copyright term extension for photographs
586:on 14 July 2004 by a vote of 314–109 and by the
403:US Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act 2004
3203:United States presidential visits to Australia
1322:on the costs of research performed in the U.S.
1305:(PBS) is a central component of the Australian
1257:Australia as a whole is heavily reliant on the
600:US Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act 2004
4660:Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002
4630:Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002
645:National treatment and market access for goods
230:Australia – United States Free Trade Agreement
3466:
3208:U.S./Australia Parliamentary Friendship Group
3157:Ambassadors of the United States to Australia
3147:Ambassadors of Australia to the United States
3098:
2522:
2291:United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA)
2171:
1979:
1494:Australia–United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement
8:
4688:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
4667:Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007
4600:Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
3370:2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup Final
3193:Australia–United States Free Trade Agreement
988:The agreement requires legal enforcement of
260:
4614:Financial Literacy and Education Commission
4237:Government response to September 11 attacks
4223:Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act
2490:North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
2104:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
2098:ASEAN–Australia–New Zealand Free Trade Area
4883:Free trade agreements of the United States
4653:Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
4195:Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act
3495:
3473:
3459:
3451:
3424:Category:Australia–United States relations
3105:
3091:
3083:
2529:
2515:
2507:
2313:
2304:
2204:
2194:Free trade agreements of the United States
2178:
2164:
2156:
2126:
2012:
1986:
1972:
1964:
412:
31:
4607:Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act
4230:Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
3864:Jordan–United States Free Trade Agreement
3314:International Maritime Security Construct
3198:Friends of Australia Congressional Caucus
1653:
555:commissioned a private consultancy – the
3444:) is being considered for deletion. See
3172:Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs
830:Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
4835:Water Resources Development Act of 2007
4572:Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act
3597:Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy
1593:"National Association of Manufacturers"
1518:Center for Economic and Policy Research
1505:
1215:protection of pay television broadcasts
553:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
438:
4732:Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006
4342:Secondary Security Screening Selection
3162:Consuls-General of Australia, New York
3152:Embassy of the United States, Canberra
3142:Embassy of Australia, Washington, D.C.
2431:Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA)
1287:Australian Manufacturing Workers Union
1247:Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance
632:General Agreement on Trade in Services
628:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
603:, was passed, with amendments, by the
399:
259:
4272:National Construction Safety Team Act
4031:Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty
3167:Australian Consulate-General, Houston
2415:Transatlantic Free Trade Area (TAFTA)
1791:"DFAT trade topics June Quarter 2008"
1765:"IMF Marks Down US Free – Trade Deal"
1253:Manufacturing and agricultural sector
1187:. In particular, the minimum term of
806:In conjunction with the existing WTO
7:
4805:Magnuson–Stevens Reauthorization Act
4704:Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule
4321:U.S. Department of Homeland Security
3380:Australia and the American Civil War
3229:United States diplomatic cables leak
3065:
1484:Australia-Chile Free Trade Agreement
1095:lobbies strongly supported the FTA.
981:The agreement expands the rights of
4903:Treaties entered into force in 2005
4494:Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003
3971:Darfur Peace and Accountability Act
2405:Middle East Free Trade Area (MEFTA)
1224:broader civil and criminal offences
802:Sanitary and phytosanitary measures
527:government. In 1991 U.S. president
365:Passed the House of Representatives
336:in the House of Representatives as
250:North American Free Trade Agreement
18:U.S.-Australia Free Trade Agreement
4893:Free trade agreements of Australia
4646:Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004
4542:American Jobs Creation Act of 2004
3913:Dominican Republic–Central America
3349:Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
2410:Trade in Services Agreement (TISA)
2002:Free trade agreements of Australia
557:Centre for International Economics
308:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
25:
4908:Australia–United States relations
4216:Born-Alive Infants Protection Act
3448:to help reach a consensus. ›
3121:Australia–United States relations
1902:from the original on 6 July 2015.
1884:from the original on 7 July 2015.
1753:from the original on 7 July 2015.
1478:Australian free trade agreements:
1472:United States-Australia relations
4423:Criticism of government response
4402:Higher Education Opportunity Act
4293:President's Surveillance Program
3419:
3418:
3329:Marine Rotational Force – Darwin
3319:Joint Defense Facility Nurrungar
3124:
3114:
3064:
3053:
3052:
2187:
1995:
266:
196:
184:
158:
142:
4819:Renewable Identification Number
4637:Forest Land Enhancement Program
4579:Credit Rating Agency Reform Act
4501:Public Service Loan Forgiveness
4279:NIST WTC Disaster Investigation
3344:Quadrilateral Security Dialogue
3266:Sydney anti-Islam film protests
2496:Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)
1699:. 2 August 2004. Archived from
1421:Department of Homeland Security
1118:Australian attitudes to the FTA
1098:On 15 July, both houses of the
974:Australia agreed to extend its
705:of export competition issues."
4791:Diesel Emissions Reduction Act
4711:SAFE Transportation Equity Act
4674:Pension Protection Act of 2006
4508:Unborn Victims of Violence Act
4471:Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act
4393:Election Assistance Commission
4300:Terrorist Surveillance Program
4209:Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
3704:State funeral of Ronald Reagan
2801:Australian Securities Exchange
2443:Southern African Customs Union
1374:Australian Medical Association
1303:Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
1297:Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
1209:protection of temporary copies
1086:Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
1047:Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
1040:Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
849:Cross-border trade in services
567:and U.S. Trade Representative
1:
4695:Troubled Asset Relief Program
4586:Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
4314:Homeland Security Act of 2002
4356:Terrorist Screening Database
4307:NSA warrantless surveillance
4154:H-1B Visa Reform Act of 2004
3999:Vision for Space Exploration
3711:State funeral of Gerald Ford
3482:Presidency of George W. Bush
3441:Presidency of George W. Bush
3407:United States Studies Centre
3375:Australian–American Memorial
3040:Australia–United Kingdom FTA
2644:Australian Capital Territory
1199:Other key changes included:
970:Intellectual property rights
574:The FTA was ratified by the
288:108th United States Congress
238:preferential trade agreement
54:
39:
27:Preferential trade agreement
4377:FISA Amendments Act of 2008
4370:Protect America Act of 2007
4161:L-1 Visa Reform Act of 2004
3015:Australia–United States FTA
2905:National Electricity Market
1406:International Monetary Fund
1080:was undertaken by American
947:National Competition Policy
940:Competition-related matters
824:Technical barriers to trade
571:in Washington in May 2004.
169:(U.S. Trade Representative)
4934:
4898:Treaties concluded in 2004
4888:Foreign trade of Australia
4798:Healthy Forests Initiative
4439:Medicare Modernization Act
4349:Terrorist Screening Center
4244:Rescue and recovery effort
4080:August 2001 daily briefing
3697:Presidential proclamations
2760:Minerals Resource Rent Tax
1135:government Trade Minister
1025:Chapter 20 requires that:
808:Sanitary and Phytosanitary
725:of the importing country.
4844:
4754:Clean Boating Act of 2008
4593:Energy Policy Act of 2005
4462:Highly qualified teachers
3878:Trade promotion authority
3738:Joint session of Congress
3498:
3415:
3271:Killing of Justine Damond
3261:Melbourne–Evans collision
3048:
3030:Trans-Pacific Partnership
3010:Australia–New Zealand FTA
2956:Social class in Australia
2765:Passenger Movement Charge
2303:
1053:U.S. attitudes to the FTA
990:digital rights management
513:
427:
411:
329:
265:
4851:← Clinton administration
4455:No Child Left Behind Act
4168:Secure Fence Act of 2006
3625:Supreme Court candidates
3590:Legislation and programs
3446:templates for discussion
2890:Energy efficiency rating
2745:Goods & Services Tax
2433:(no interest since 2005)
1634:Rimmer, Matthew (2006).
1467:Import sensitive product
1316:research and development
1283:environmental protection
1232:Local content provisions
1173:World Trade Organization
919:of a financial nature."
636:World Trade Organization
584:House of Representatives
578:with the passage of the
472:House of Representatives
4812:Renewable Fuel Standard
4066:Pre-attack intelligence
3297:Exercise Talisman Saber
3035:Indonesia–Australia FTA
1346:Ratification of the FTA
1236:Many in the Australian
1141:U.S.-Australia alliance
582:. It was passed by the
422:Parliament of Australia
377:on July 15, 2004 (
367:on July 14, 2004 (
356:Committee consideration
4913:2004 in Australian law
4860:Obama administration →
4768:Clear Skies Initiative
2582:Snowy Mountains Scheme
2557:Banking crisis of 1893
1401:
1389:
1100:United States Congress
1029:acquainted with them.
952:Government procurement
762:Customs administration
576:United States Congress
533:Australian Labor Party
4782:Executive Order 13432
4761:Climate change policy
4386:Help America Vote Act
4147:Executive Order 13470
4140:Executive Order 13355
3618:Judicial appointments
2492:(superseded by USMCA)
2481:(superseded by NAFTA)
1655:10.5210/fm.v11i3.1316
1579:10 March 2006 at the
1395:
1387:
1273:Premier of Queensland
1185:intellectual property
1179:Intellectual property
1106:Presidential nominee
614:Provisions of the FTA
546:in the U.S. and with
4052:Communication issues
4045:September 11 attacks
3761:Mission Accomplished
3385:Southern Cross Cable
3246:Death of Tina Watson
2946:Poverty in Australia
2538:Economy of Australia
2451:(on hold since 2006)
2445:(on hold since 2006)
2439:(on hold since 2006)
2379:United Arab Emirates
2139:United Arab Emirates
1599:on 18 December 2004.
1400:millions) since 1988
1340:Thomas Alured Faunce
1332:Australian Democrats
976:copyright expiration
712:Textiles and apparel
630:(GATT) 1994 and the
360:House Ways and Means
153:(Minister for Trade)
77:Free trade agreement
4515:2006 VRA Amendments
3855:by Condoleezza Rice
3841:International trips
3676:Impeachment efforts
3324:Major non-NATO ally
3025:Japan–Australia FTA
3020:China–Australia FTA
3005:Australia–Korea FTA
3000:Australia–Chile FTA
2961:Wealth in Australia
2941:Income in Australia
2924:Economic conditions
2820:Regulatory agencies
2779:Banking and Finance
2567:Four pillars policy
1623:on 20 October 2004.
961:Electronic commerce
323:Legislative history
262:
4718:Sarbanes–Oxley Act
4681:Public Law 110-343
3978:Mexico City policy
3395:Pipe Pacific Cable
3334:Operation Blowdown
3280:Military relations
3224:Battle of Brisbane
2847:Corporations power
2796:Official cash rate
2700:Telecommunications
1916:Governmental links
1853:on 20 October 2009
1771:on 13 October 2009
1729:on 18 August 2004.
1402:
1390:
1194:Eldred v. Ashcroft
914:Financial services
890:Telecommunications
675:tariff-rate quotas
594:on 3 August 2004.
256:History of the FTA
62:Australian English
4870:
4869:
4416:Hurricane Katrina
4059:Military response
4038:USA Freedom Corps
3964:2002 steel tariff
3871:Trade Act of 2002
3819:
3818:
3810:2008 SOTU Address
3803:2007 SOTU Address
3796:2006 SOTU Address
3789:2005 SOTU Address
3782:2004 SOTU Address
3775:2003 SOTU Address
3768:2002 SOTU Address
3683:Executive actions
3604:Email controversy
3431:
3430:
3400:Telstra Endeavour
3080:
3079:
2900:Green electricity
2629:Western Australia
2598:Australian dollar
2504:
2503:
2463:
2462:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2118:
2117:
1898:. 28 April 2015.
1828:on 30 August 2009
1076:More substantial
1058:products such as
815:internationally")
723:domestic industry
529:George H. W. Bush
521:
520:
398:
397:
391:on August 3, 2004
375:Passed the Senate
352:) on July 6, 2004
226:
225:
170:
154:
16:(Redirected from
4925:
4863:
4854:
4837:
4830:
4821:
4814:
4807:
4800:
4793:
4784:
4777:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4734:
4727:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4639:
4632:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4464:
4457:
4448:
4441:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4395:
4388:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4177:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3966:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3857:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3741:
3722:
3720:Obama transition
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3690:Executive orders
3685:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3611:Shoeing incident
3606:
3599:
3592:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3518:2nd inauguration
3513:
3511:1st inauguration
3506:
3496:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3452:
3422:
3421:
3135:Diplomatic posts
3129:
3128:
3119:
3118:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3084:
3068:
3067:
3056:
3055:
2992:Trade agreements
2895:Geothermal power
2791:Financial system
2572:Great Depression
2562:Economic history
2552:Australian pound
2531:
2524:
2517:
2508:
2314:
2205:
2192:
2191:
2180:
2173:
2166:
2157:
2127:
2013:
2000:
1999:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1965:
1904:
1903:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1876:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1849:. Archived from
1843:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1824:. Archived from
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1803:on 18 March 2009
1802:
1796:. Archived from
1795:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1767:. Archived from
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1745:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1725:. Archived from
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1693:"A Bitter Pill?"
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1657:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1616:. Archived from
1615:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1595:. Archived from
1589:
1583:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1510:
1104:Democratic Party
668:export subsidies
463:
457:
416:
400:
325:
309:
305:
270:
263:
248:modelled on the
201:
200:
199:
189:
188:
187:
168:
163:
162:
161:
152:
147:
146:
145:
107:Washington, D.C.
98:
88:
65:
57:
56:
50:
47:American English
42:
41:
32:
21:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4873:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4840:
4833:
4826:
4817:
4810:
4803:
4796:
4789:
4780:
4773:
4766:
4759:
4752:
4744:
4737:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4693:
4686:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4635:
4628:
4619:
4612:
4605:
4598:
4591:
4584:
4577:
4570:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4540:
4533:Economic policy
4527:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4483:
4476:
4469:
4460:
4453:
4446:Medicare Part D
4444:
4437:
4430:Disaster relief
4428:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4391:
4384:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4251:9/11 Commission
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4193:
4186:Domestic policy
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4138:
4129:
4122:
4115:
4108:
4103:Afghanistan War
4101:
4094:
4087:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4022:Slovakia summit
4020:
4015:Slovenia summit
4013:
4006:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3869:
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2982:Labour movement
2965:
2951:Property bubble
2931:Government debt
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2805:S&P/ASX 200
2774:
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2634:South Australia
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2607:State economies
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1169:trade diversion
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569:Robert Zoellick
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592:George W. Bush
544:George W. Bush
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509:16 August 2004
507:
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499:13 August 2004
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486:Passed by
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338:H.R. 4759
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2885:Energy policy
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2577:Privatisation
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2031:United States
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2020:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1989:
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1446:Market access
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1276:Peter Beattie
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1093:manufacturing
1089:
1088:. See below.
1087:
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508:
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502:
498:
494:
491:
488:
484:
480:
476:
473:
470:
466:
462:
461:No. 121, 2004
456:
455:No. 120, 2004
452:
448:
439:
435:
434:
426:
423:
419:
415:
410:
401:
390:
387:by President
386:
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335:
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285:
281:
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269:
264:
255:
253:
251:
247:
246:United States
243:
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231:
219:
216:
215:
213:
209:
204:
203:United States
194:
192:
182:
181:
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176:
166:
156:
150:
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131:
127:
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119:
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111:United States
108:
105:
101:
95:
91:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
63:
52:
48:
37:
36:
33:
30:
19:
4858:
4849:
4073:Phoenix Memo
3992:Space policy
3884:
3754:Axis of evil
3646:Samuel Alito
3632:John Roberts
3439:
3417:
3354:War Plan Red
3192:
3069:
3057:
3014:
2857:Reserve Bank
2398:Multilateral
2279:Multilateral
2214:
2085:Multilateral
1890:
1866:
1855:. Retrieved
1851:the original
1841:
1830:. Retrieved
1826:the original
1816:
1805:. Retrieved
1798:the original
1785:
1773:. Retrieved
1769:the original
1759:
1735:
1727:the original
1717:
1705:. Retrieved
1701:the original
1697:Four Corners
1687:
1675:. Retrieved
1645:
1641:First Monday
1639:
1629:
1618:the original
1605:
1597:the original
1587:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1526:
1508:
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1476:
1429:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1403:
1371:
1367:
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1328:
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1154:
1145:
1126:
1112:
1097:
1090:
1075:
1071:trade unions
1068:
1056:
1044:
1043:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1021:Transparency
1015:
1012:
1009:
1000:
987:
980:
973:
964:
955:
943:
921:
917:
897:
893:
861:
852:
843:
834:
827:
805:
765:
756:
742:
739:
727:
715:
707:
703:
700:
672:
665:
656:
652:
648:
640:
625:
617:
609:
598:
596:
579:
573:
541:
537:Paul Keating
522:
514:
505:Royal assent
481:24 June 2004
431:
384:
374:
364:
355:
333:
233:
229:
227:
29:
4363:Real ID Act
4335:No Fly List
4286:Patriot Act
4202:Amber alert
3955:South Korea
3484:(2001–2009)
3434:‹ The
3241:David Hicks
2910:Solar power
2690:Real estate
2660:Agriculture
2369:New Zealand
2270:South Korea
2123:Negotiating
2047:South Korea
2023:New Zealand
1359:Mark Latham
1320:free riding
1006:Environment
957:suppliers.
662:Agriculture
548:John Howard
135:signatories
97:18 May 2004
87:18 May 2004
4877:Categories
3504:Transition
3390:PacRimWest
2915:Wind power
2770:Tax return
2740:Fuel taxes
2665:Automotive
2653:Industries
2624:Queensland
2469:Defunct or
2364:Mozambique
2110:PACER Plus
1857:2009-10-25
1832:2009-10-25
1807:2009-10-25
1775:25 October
1707:25 October
1559:25 October
1537:25 October
1500:References
1425:E-3 status
1352:opposition
1307:healthcare
1293:overseas.
1291:outsourced
1269:Bob Katter
1242:television
1151:Opposition
1137:Mark Vaile
1108:John Kerry
1064:sugar cane
858:Investment
840:Safeguards
565:Mark Vaile
433:Long title
334:Introduced
299:Public law
275:Long title
149:Mark Vaile
4265:criticism
4096:2001 AUMF
3948:Singapore
3885:Australia
3302:Five Eyes
3217:Incidents
3181:Diplomacy
2710:Transport
2675:Insurance
2424:Suspended
2359:Mauritius
2339:Indonesia
2317:Bilateral
2265:Singapore
2215:Australia
2208:Bilateral
2130:Bilateral
2100:(AANZFTA)
2068:Indonesia
2061:Hong Kong
2043:Malayasia
2027:Singapore
2016:Bilateral
1677:24 August
1189:copyright
1091:American
1032:and that
985:holders.
819:possible)
369:314-109-1
342:Tom DeLay
294:Citations
242:Australia
211:Languages
191:Australia
178:Ratifiers
125:Condition
117:Effective
4117:Iraq War
3906:Colombia
3730:Speeches
3525:Timeline
3491:Timeline
3436:template
3339:Pine Gap
3059:Category
2732:Taxation
2639:Tasmania
2619:Victoria
2591:Currency
2449:Thailand
2354:Malaysia
2310:Proposed
2230:Colombia
2201:Existing
2035:Thailand
2009:Existing
1900:Archived
1879:Archived
1748:Archived
1664:46679970
1577:Archived
1461:E-3 visa
1435:See also
1380:Outcomes
1078:lobbying
697:Avocados
673:Special
561:Canberra
517:In force
450:Citation
244:and the
240:between
133:Original
103:Location
3920:Morocco
3892:Bahrain
3669:Cabinet
3662:Pardons
3581:2008–09
3438:below (
3363:Related
3071:Commons
2875:Biofuel
2786:Banking
2749:dispute
2705:Tourism
2670:Fishing
2545:History
2471:expired
2389:Uruguay
2329:Ecuador
2245:Morocco
2220:Bahrain
2094:(CPTPP)
1456:Tariffs
1363:faction
1123:Support
730:Customs
694:Peanuts
688:Tobacco
515:Status:
304:Pub. L.
236:) is a
218:English
83:Drafted
4745:policy
4258:report
3985:PEPFAR
3934:Panama
3748:(2001)
3740:(2001)
3188:AUSMIN
2970:Unions
2867:Energy
2685:Mining
2479:Canada
2374:Taiwan
2349:Kuwait
2324:Brazil
2255:Panama
2240:Jordan
2235:Israel
2106:(RCEP)
1672:855805
1670:
1662:
1336:Greens
1133:Howard
997:Labour
983:patent
691:Cotton
605:Senate
588:Senate
496:Passed
490:Senate
478:Passed
310:
234:AUSFTA
93:Signed
58:
43:
4485:award
3899:Chile
3292:AUKUS
3287:ANZUS
2715:Ports
2437:Qatar
2344:Kenya
2334:Ghana
2225:Chile
2142:India
2072:India
2057:China
2052:Japan
2039:Chile
1953:Media
1882:(PDF)
1875:(PDF)
1801:(PDF)
1794:(PDF)
1751:(PDF)
1744:(PDF)
1660:S2CID
1648:(3).
1621:(PDF)
1614:(PDF)
1355:Labor
685:Dairy
525:Hawke
405:&
379:80-16
315:(PDF)
3941:Peru
3927:Oman
3574:2007
3567:2006
3560:2005
3553:2004
3546:2003
3539:2002
3532:2001
2977:ACTU
2837:ASIC
2832:APRA
2827:ACCC
2722:Wine
2260:Peru
2250:Oman
2064:Peru
1777:2009
1709:2009
1679:2013
1668:SSRN
1561:2009
1539:2009
1334:and
1301:The
1240:and
1238:film
1062:and
1060:beef
1045:See
682:Beef
286:the
228:The
73:Type
2852:FWC
1650:doi
1398:A$
358:by
340:by
4879::
1877:.
1746:.
1695:.
1666:.
1658:.
1646:11
1644:.
1638:.
1516:.
1196:.
1143:.
1110:.
539:.
350:TX
109:,
3474:e
3467:t
3460:v
3106:e
3099:t
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2812:)
2803:(
2751:)
2747:(
2530:e
2523:t
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2179:e
2172:t
2165:v
1987:e
1980:t
1973:v
1860:.
1835:.
1810:.
1779:.
1711:.
1681:.
1652::
1563:.
1541:.
1520:.
381:)
371:)
348:-
346:R
344:(
232:(
64:)
60:(
49:)
45:(
20:)
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