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and other LDS papers characterized
Liberal Party governments as wasteful. The party outspent revenue in Tooele, Ogden, and Salt Lake City, accumulating relatively large public debts. However, the Liberal Party characterized its expenditures as essential for civic improvements. In Salt Lake City, the
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editorial, attended in numbers and nearly hijacked the meeting. After the LDS crowd had selected its own slate of candidates, frustrated
Godbeite Eli B. Kelsey asked the Mormons to leave, which they did. The remaining non-Mormons selected an independent municipal ticket, forming the Liberal Party.
535:. On February 25, 1882, the House of Representatives finally rejected both candidates. The House refused Cannon his seat not for his dubious citizenship but for his practice of polygamy. The entire ordeal actually brought unfavorable national attention to the "Mormon Situation" on polygamy.
498:
who had 18,567 votes. In fact, the election marked the all-time low percentage-wise showing for any
Liberal House candidate. However, before Governor Murray certified the election, a protest on behalf of Campbell was filed. The protest listed a dozen claims, chiefly that Cannon, born in
473:. The Liberal Party, typically supported by male miners casually interested in politics, opposed both measures. In 1878 the Liberal electoral majority in Tooele County disappeared, and the People's Party regained control in 1879, after more than six months of Liberal procedural delays.
557:, was enacted on March 3, 1887. Among other things, the acts required candidates and prospective voters to submit to an anti-polygamy oath. Enforcement of these bills furthermore put significant numbers of Latter-day Saint polygamists into federal prisons, including one built in
325:
policies, but the non-Mormon element of the party took a more adversarial line. Non-Mormon partisans, especially miners and railroad workers, would increasingly dominate party leadership. Through the 1870s, the
Liberal Party grew less appeasing of Godbeites and more openly
394:
321 to 2301. Statewide contests produced even more lopsided figures, with
Liberals regularly failing to garner 10% of the vote. Although Liberals never won a single statewide office, the party served as a political foil and won several local elections, including:
682:
419:
When the party first formed in 1870, party officials tried to win offices in the town of
Corrine and reasoned that they could more readily overwhelm the small local population. They failed but continued to scout other promising areas.
330:
and anti-polygamy. Waning
Godbeite influence was shown even by 1871, when Liberals Dennis Toohy and George R. Maxwell infuriated Godbeites at a party meeting by calling polygamists "dupes" and criminals of perverse sensuality.
546:, of the People's Party. Of the 33,266 registered voters, 23,039 votes were cast for Caine, and Van Zile received 4884. About 12,000 people were excluded from registering based on suspicion of polygamy.
624:, which promised to end the practice of polygamy. The national support that the Liberals previously enjoyed for opposing polygamy in Utah thus disappeared. In 1893, all polygamists were given executive
521:
could decide on a member's qualifications. He furthermore received a certificate from sympathetic territorial election officials that stated he had received the most votes. The document convinced the
600:
Propelled by success in Salt Lake City and Ogden, the
Liberal Party won a third of the Utah territorial legislature in the August 1891 election. That election proved particularly notable, as the
303:, a title that was selected to suggest popularity; it alluded to the Liberal Party's disrupted meeting of "the people". Latter-day Saints had previously won virtually all elections unchallenged.
310:, because several Godbeites themselves practised polygamy. Eli B. Kelsey and Henry W. Lawrence, both Godbeites, gained election as the first officers of the new party. Non-Mormons, including
442:
The
Liberal Party, campaigning voraciously in mining towns, won a disputed election in August 1874. The People's Party incumbents, citing fraud, refused to yield their positions even as
514:, and was a polygamist, which was incompatible with the law and a delegate's oath of office. Murray agreed, and issued certification to Campbell in spite of the latter's poor showing.
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Corresponding during the winter, key
Godbeites and non-Mormons made an uneasy alliance based on their shared opposition to LDS control over temporal matters in the territory.
528:
Both Murray and Campbell traveled to Washington to dispute the seat. Each side battled over the position for over a year even despite the assassination and eventual death of
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specifically for that purpose. The measures, which often brought punishment on anyone unwilling to take the oath, intimidated and decimated the Latter-day Saint voter pool.
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997:
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Following the lead of the People's Party 18 months earlier, most members of the Liberal Party joined national parties in early 1893 in anticipation of Utah statehood.
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1153:
484:. Thus, the 1880 statewide election for the US House of Representatives unexpectedly proved the closest that the Liberal Party got to sending a representative to
318:, played an active role in the party but stayed in the background initially, hoping that ex-Mormon Godbeites would prove more effective leaders and candidates.
604:
had disbanded just prior to the election and urged all members to join national parties. Thus, non-Mormon Liberals ran (and several won) against mostly-Mormon
638:
became the 45th state in the Union. Former Liberals continued to be involved in politics, and most of the Mormon majority continued to view them unfavorably.
390:
Unsurprisingly, the Liberal Party performed poorly against the Mormon majority. In the 1870 Salt Lake City mayoral race, Liberal Henry W. Lawrence lost to
1193:
628:, and statehood for Utah seemed imminent. Polygamy, often the focus of Liberal scorn, made the party irrelevant when Mormons abandoned the practice.
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By 1880, the Liberal Party had become severely atrophied, but it was openly supported by the newly appointed strongly anti-Mormon territorial
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election. The organizers billed the occasion as a meeting of the "people." A crowd of Latter-day Saints, encouraged by local
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668:. Former Liberals such as Baskin defended the reputation and legacy of the Liberal Party well into the 20th century.
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remained a central theme of the party until it disbanded in 1893 and became absorbed by the national parties.
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However, the Liberal Party had reached its twilight. In September 1890, the LDS Church issued the so-called
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National outrage against polygamy benefited the Liberal Party in Utah. On March 23, 1882, the anti-polygamy
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in 1868. Godbe and several business associates challenged the economic policies of LDS Church President
203:
Though vastly outnumbered, the Liberal Party offered an opposing voice and won several local elections.
200:. The Liberal Party thus represented opposition to government controlled by organized religious groups.
75:
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The Liberal Party formed after a meeting on February 9, 1870 to select independent candidates for the
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became mayor on a "fusion ticket" between moderate Liberals and elements of the old People's Party.
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encouraged his men to prospect for minerals, which they discovered west of Salt Lake City in 1864.
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427:, perhaps the only non-Mormon majority in the territory existed. Its residents, mostly transitory
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740:, Published 1884 by D. Appleton and company, page 813 (final subsection at end of Utah entry)
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235:. When increasingly harsh condemnations aimed at LDS leadership appeared, the LDS Church
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clerk to enter Cannon's name on the roll and so Cannon began drawing delegate's salary.
321:
Godbeites believed they should reform Utah and the LDS Church to adopt more politically-
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The Liberal candidate, Allen G. Campbell, with 1357 votes, lost resoundingly to Mormon
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In a November 7, 1882 election to fill the vacated seat, the Liberal Party fielded
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17:
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The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and politics in the United States
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578:
550:
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406:
327:
204:
903:(April 1947), "The Development of Political Parties in Utah: The First Phase",
161:, and Utah miners, typically non-Mormon, often became key Liberal Party voters.
738:
Appletons' Annual Cyclopædia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1883
103:
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advised his followers to abide by the federal court, which they finally did.
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Early Liberal Party speakers carefully avoided condemning LDS theology or
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Liberal leaders intended that their party's name suggest reform and evoke
477:
240:
99:
664:. The Salt Lake Liberals also constructed an ornate and expensive joint
593:, by a margin of 808 votes. Two years later, long-time Liberal stalwart
149:
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370:, owned by the LDS Church, often functioned as a People's Party organ.
193:
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428:
347:
232:
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Liberals carried all offices in the county, which they called the
377:
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Like many political parties of the time, the Liberal Party ran a
1039:
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government. In 1890, the Liberal Party took Salt Lake City, and
461:. Running unopposed in 1876, Liberals held the county until the
186:
979:
751:
573:
triumphantly declares Liberal Party victory in Salt Lake City.
382:
The Old Tooele County Courthouse, the site of the contentious
215:
The impetus for the setting up of the Liberal Party came from
266:
organ and regularly denounced the Liberal Party in its pages.
231:
in the monthly periodical, especially Young's opposition to
517:
George Q. Cannon, then in Washington, DC, argued that only
450:
attempted to intervene and install the Liberal candidates.
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71:
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41:
32:
918:Carter, Kate B., ed. (1949), "Political Parties",
153:The Liberal Party believed the economic future of
356:. Until the Liberal Party disbanded in 1893, the
830:. Salt Lake City: Utah State Historical Society.
838:Wayward Saints: The Godbeites and Brigham Young
577:The Liberal Party swept the city government of
465:legislature passed bills in 1878 that required
314:, George R. Maxwell, and Judge Dennis Toohy of
173:established in the latter half of the 1800s in
1179:Defunct political parties in the United States
346:and in 1873, three anti-Mormon newcomers from
991:
710:, 1886, Star printing company, chapter LXXXIX
8:
1214:Regional and state political parties in Utah
1169:Defunct liberal parties in the United States
581:in 1889 but did not succeed in carrying the
1174:Social liberal parties in the United States
1159:1893 disestablishments in the United States
192:The Liberal Party formed in 1870 to oppose
998:
984:
976:
299:In response, Latter-day Saints formed the
29:
802:Learn how and when to remove this message
728:, 1886, Star printing company, chapter XC
259:, owned by the LDS Church, served as the
196:, which dominated local politics via the
1199:Political parties disestablished in 1893
765:This article includes a list of general
694:
648:Liberals constructed the city's first
1204:Political parties established in 1870
1154:1870 establishments in Utah Territory
819:. University of Utah Master's Thesis.
542:, but the seat was ultimately won by
360:would operate as the Liberal Party's
7:
27:Former political party in Utah, USA
824:The first 100 years: a history of
771:it lacks sufficient corresponding
666:Salt Lake City and County Building
25:
1194:Latter Day Saint movement in Utah
971:Helen Mar Whitney's Diary Entries
1135:Political party strength in Utah
1038:
940:"Political History of the North"
756:
364:political organ. Similarly, the
1189:Mormonism-related controversies
946:, vol. II, pp. 306–20
852:, in Powell, Allan Kent (ed.),
446:authorized by the 3rd District
338:although unofficially. Godbe's
219:, a successful businessman and
1050:Ballot-qualified minor parties
553:became law. The even stronger
1:
223:who founded a journal called
842:University of Illinois Press
678:Anti-Mormon Party (Illinois)
589:became the first non-Mormon
431:, congregated in Utah after
957:Reminiscences of Early Utah
1240:
1209:Politics of Utah Territory
928:Daughters of Utah Pioneers
815:Erickson, Velt G. (1948).
185:established themselves in
1132:
1035:
854:Utah History Encyclopedia
822:Malmquist, O. N. (1971).
817:The Liberal Party of Utah
725:History of Salt Lake City
720:Tullidge, Edward Wheelock
707:History of Salt Lake City
702:Tullidge, Edward Wheelock
129:
920:Heart Throbs of the West
858:University of Utah Press
856:, Salt Lake City, Utah:
523:House of Representatives
350:bought it and it became
848:Walker, Ronald (1994),
786:more precise citations.
243:" on October 25, 1869.
119:Political position
1224:Mormonism and politics
1164:Criticism of Mormonism
906:Utah Humanities Review
574:
387:
386:power struggle in 1874
267:
162:
1006:Political parties in
826:The Salt Lake Tribune
570:The Salt Lake Tribune
567:
437:Patrick Edward Connor
381:
353:The Salt Lake Tribune
344:Mormon Weekly Tribune
252:
152:
80:(not legal successor)
1068:Independent American
944:Tullidge's Histories
644:Deseret Evening News
634:On January 4, 1896,
413:Salt Lake City, Utah
367:Deseret Evening News
284:Deseret Evening News
256:Deseret Evening News
189:in the early 1890s.
177:before the national
108:Classical liberalism
936:Tullidge, Edward W.
591:mayor of Salt Lake
575:
555:Edmunds-Tucker Act
540:Philip T. Van Zile
467:voter registration
388:
268:
163:
18:Utah Liberal Party
1141:
1140:
834:Walker, Ronald W.
812:
811:
804:
660:characterized as
493:General Authority
147:
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81:
72:Succeeded by
16:(Redirected from
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901:Durham, G. Homer
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878:, archived from
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782:this article by
773:inline citations
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496:George Q. Cannon
471:women's suffrage
469:and instituting
463:Utah territorial
221:Latter-day Saint
217:William S. Godbe
134:Politics of Utah
92:Anti-clericalism
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894:Further reading
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587:George M. Scott
459:Tooele Republic
401:Tooele Republic
392:Daniel H. Wells
384:Tooele Republic
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652:, called the "
622:1890 Manifesto
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602:People's Party
533:James Garfield
486:Washington, DC
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399:The so-called
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301:People's Party
272:Salt Lake City
264:People's Party
237:excommunicated
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205:Anti-Mormonism
198:People's Party
175:Utah Territory
155:Utah Territory
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882:on 2013-11-01
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544:John T. Caine
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482:Eli H. Murray
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452:Brigham Young
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448:federal court
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425:Tooele County
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112:Republicanism
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35:Liberal Party
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1058:Constitution
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884:, retrieved
880:the original
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658:Deseret News
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595:R. N. Baskin
583:Weber County
576:
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548:
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507:; was not a
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312:R. N. Baskin
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1109:Independent
1083:United Utah
1073:Libertarian
913:(2): 122–33
850:"Godbeites"
840:. Chicago:
828:, 1871–1971
784:introducing
610:Republicans
579:Ogden, Utah
559:Sugar House
551:Edmunds Act
509:naturalized
444:US Marshals
407:Ogden, Utah
342:became the
328:anti-Mormon
323:progressive
183:Republicans
124:Center-left
1148:Categories
1029:Republican
1024:Democratic
886:2013-10-31
867:0874804256
767:references
748:References
616:Disbanding
104:Liberalism
1184:Godbeites
1078:No Labels
606:Democrats
530:President
501:Liverpool
336:newspaper
275:municipal
241:Godbeites
179:Democrats
139:Elections
57:Dissolved
1119:People's
1104:American
954:(1914),
938:(1889),
876:30473917
836:(1998).
672:See also
519:Congress
478:governor
435:General
362:de facto
308:polygamy
261:de facto
100:Big tent
87:Ideology
1114:Liberal
1088:Forward
780:improve
505:England
433:US Army
415:in 1890
409:in 1889
403:in 1874
374:History
358:Tribune
316:Corinne
290:Britain
279:bishops
211:Origins
194:Mormons
157:lay in
62: (
47: (
42:Founded
930:: 1–52
874:
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769:, but
626:pardon
429:miners
348:Kansas
281:and a
233:mining
169:was a
159:mining
1063:Green
689:Notes
662:graft
650:sewer
512:alien
239:key "
1008:Utah
872:OCLC
862:ISBN
641:The
636:Utah
608:and
253:The
187:Utah
181:and
165:The
64:1896
60:1896
49:1870
45:1870
423:In
292:'s
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942:,
926:,
924:10
922:,
909:,
870:,
722:,
704:,
612:.
503:,
488:.
480:,
296:.
999:e
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799:(
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790:(
776:.
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51:)
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