972:
side were not included in these figures. Because
Pakistan was hopeful for a plebiscite it accepted this plan but India did not accept it, perhaps because the question of irregular forces was not solved. Graham revised the figures so that 6,000 would be the limit of Pakistan's forces and 18,000 would be the limit for India's forces. The response of India was to propose that it be allowed to keep 21,000 troops (including the state militia) in its side but that Pakistan be allowed only a 4,000 strong civilian force. Dr Graham reported his failure to the Security Council, which subsequently passed a resolution in December 1951 calling for India and Pakistan to come to an agreement on reducing the size of their forces. The resolution requested Pakistan to reduce its military presence to 3,000-6,000 and that India to cut its own troop numbers to a number between 12,000 and 18,000. The Security Council urged both countries to consider Dr Graham's criterion for troop reductions which he had suggested on 4 September 1951. Pakistan agreed to the Security Council resolution but India did not and gave no reason for its rejection.
976:
in
December to recount the failure of his endeavors to achieve a demilitarisation for a plebiscite. His third submission to the UN in April 1952 relayed some headway on the demilitarisation question as both countries had begun withdrawing forces since March. But by the fourth report in October 1952 Graham had to inform the Security Council that the negotiations had stumbled again over the question of the size and type of forces to be permitted for both sides. The Security Council then adopted a resolution asking that the two nations hold direct talks over this question. There were talks in February 1953 in Geneva but the UN representative realised that this method would be unsuccessful. On 27 March 1953 Dr Graham presented his final report and his mediatory efforts ended. The two questions during this mediation which India and Pakistan differed upon was the number of troops to remain after demilitarisation on each side and when the plebiscite administrator could assume their tasks.
1058:
5068:
5350:
5300:
5210:
5567:
5093:
5578:
429:
two-part process was proposed for the withdrawal of forces. In the first part, Pakistan was to withdraw its forces as well as other
Pakistani nationals from the state. In the second part, "when the Commission shall have notified the Government of India" that Pakistani withdrawal has been completed, India was to withdraw the bulk of its forces. After both the withdrawals were completed, a plebiscite would be held. The resolution was accepted by India but effectively rejected by Pakistan.
5526:
5107:
4266:
5540:
5482:
5039:
4314:
5290:
1070:
59:
5083:
843:
908:
United
Nations supervision. Dixon's third suggestion was to install an administrative body made up completely of representatives from the UN. Nehru disagreed with all these suggestions. Sir Owen Dixon criticized India for its negative reactions to all the demilitarization proposals. Sir Owen Dixon took India to task in very strong language for its negative reactions to the various alternative proposals for demilitarisation.
5360:
4987:
5170:
5160:
968:
the experience of previous UN representatives, Graham had first proposed a demilitarisation scheme which found acceptance from
Pakistan but rejection from India. Thereafter, Graham gave an alternative proposal whereby both countries were to gradually reduce their forces to minimal levels and to the ratio of their presence in the state on 1 January 1949. This proposal was accepted by Pakistan but rejected by India.
4973:
3363:
5270:
5180:
4960:
5468:
5458:
5380:
5370:
5340:
5240:
5513:
5220:
5200:
5190:
5140:
5420:
5400:
5320:
5310:
5492:
5448:
5438:
5410:
5390:
5330:
5280:
5260:
5150:
5130:
5230:
871:
the
Security Council may opt for because by rejecting the McNaugton proposals it would be the third successive time India spurned the conclusions of a neutral UN representative, upon which Nehru accused the US of pressurizing his government. India's rejections of the McNaugton proposals were viewed by American policymakers as an example of Indian "intransigence."
25:
5554:
888:
937:
He observed that if given the choice, most
Kashmiris would opt for a third option: independence. Henderson believed that because of Indian allegations, kindled by Nehru, that America was biased in favour of Pakistan, the Americans ought to distance themselves from the Kashmir dispute, which Washington did so in 1950.
5250:
916:. Dixon favoured the plan, which bears his name till this day. Dixon agreed that people in Jammu and Ladakh were clearly in favour of India; equally clearly, those in Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas wanted to be part of Pakistan. This left the Kashmir Valley and 'perhaps some adjacent country' around
975:
Graham then tried to make the mediation move forward and, without proposing a parallel increase of
Pakistani forces, gave a proposal which would allow India to keep 21,000 troops as had been India's demand. This proposal was also unsuccessful. Dr Graham submitted a second report to the United Nations
971:
Dr Graham offered a fresh set of proposals on 16 July 1952. By them
Pakistan would reduce its forces to a quantity between 3,000 and 6,000 and India would reduce its troops numbers to between 12,000 and 16,000. But the state militias on the Indian side and the Gilgit and Northern Scouts on Pakistan's
936:
The failure of the Dixon mission served to increase the
American ambassador Loy Henderson's distrust of India. Henderson in his own assessment upon visiting the Kashmir Valley observed that the majority of people in the Valley would vote to join Pakistan in a plebiscite rather than remain with India.
870:
The proposals treated India and Pakistan as equal participants in the dispute which was not acceptable to India. In India's view, Pakistan was present illegally in Kashmir while India was present legally. The United States warned India that it would have no option but to comply with any decision that
646:
Through a letter on 1 January 1962 Pakistan asked for a meeting of the UNSC. Shortly after, India said that such a meeting was not required. This continued until the UNSC eventually held discussions on the India-Pakistan question on 1 February 1962 and between 27 April and 22 June 1962. Following the
634:
to examine with India and Pakistan any proposals likely to contribute to the settlement of the dispute. Requesting the United Nations Representative of India and Pakistan to make any recommendations to the parties for further appropriate action with a view to making progress toward the implementation
967:
Dr Frank Graham was appointed by the Security Council as the UN representative for India and Pakistan on 30 April 1951. Dr Graham arrived in the subcontinent on 30 June 1951. The Graham mission had to reach an agreement between the two countries concerning the demilitarisation of Kashmir. Similar to
924:
Dixon also had concerns that the Kashmiris, not being high-spirited people, may vote under fear or improper influences. Following Pakistan's objections, he proposed that Sheikh Abdullah administration should be held in "commission" (in abeyance) while the plebiscite was held. This was not acceptable
895:
On the Pakistani side of the ceasefire line, Sir Owen Dixon proposed that the areas demilitarized by Pakistan would be governed by the local authorities under supervision by the commission, according to the "law and custom" of the State before the conflict started. India opposed this idea because it
920:
in uncertain political terrain. However, according to Dixon, Pakistan "bluntly rejected" the proposal. It believed that the plebiscite should be held in the entire state or the state should be partitioned along religious lines. Pakistan believed that India's commitment to a plebiscite for the whole
907:
and Ghulam Abbas or distributing the portfolios between the various parties. Dixon's second suggestion was to establish a neutral government by respectable non-political people for a six-month period prior to a referendum, in which membership would be split between Hindus and Muslims equally, under
899:
On the Indian side of the ceasefire line, Dixon proposed attaching a United Nations officer with each district magistrate who would be allowed to inspect and report on the magistrate's reports and proceedings. Nehru objected to this idea by claiming that it would intrude on the state's sovereignty.
928:
Another reason India declined Dixon's proposals for a limited plebiscite was that India wanted to keep its own troops in Kashmir during the plebiscite, claiming they were necessary for "security reasons", but at the same time India did not want any Pakistani troops to remain. This contradicted the
1041:
However, the secretary-general of the United Nations maintained that the UNMOGIP should continue to function because no resolution has been passed to terminate it. India has partially restricted the activities of the unarmed 45 UN observers on the Indian side of the Line of Control on the grounds
911:
Dixon next asked Nehru in the presence of the Pakistani Prime Minister whether it would be advisable to have plebiscites by region and allocate each region according to the results of a plebiscite in each. India reacted favourably to this plan. According to the Indian commentator Raghavan, it was
850:
In December 1949 the Canadian president of the UNSC, General McNaughton, was requested by the council to approach the two states to solve the dispute. McNaughton issued both states on 22 December with his proposals and two days before his term as president of the council was to expire he reported
452:
In short, India required an asymmetric treatment of the two countries in the withdrawal arrangements regarding Pakistan as an 'aggressor', whereas Pakistan insisted on parity. The UN mediators tended towards parity, which was not to India's satisfaction. In the end, no withdrawal was ever carried
436:
of the state. The assistance given by Pakistan to the rebel forces and the Pakhtoon tribes was held to be a hostile act and the further involvement of the Pakistan army was taken to be an invasion of Indian territory. From the Indian perspective, the plebiscite was meant to confirm the accession,
412:
April 1948. The measure imposed an immediate cease-fire and called on the Government of Pakistan 'to secure the withdrawal from the state of Jammu and Kashmir of tribesmen and Pakistani nationals not normally resident therein who have entered the state for the purpose of fighting.' It also asked
932:
Dixon felt that India would not agree to demilitarisation and other provisions governing the plebiscite that guard against influence and abuse. In the absence of Indian demilitarization, the Pakistanis and the Azad forces were unwilling to demilitarise the territory under their administration.
428:
The UNCIP made three visits to the subcontinent between 1948 and 1949, trying to find a solution agreeable to both India and Pakistan. It reported to the Security Council in August 1948 that "the presence of troops of Pakistan" inside Kashmir represented a "material change" in the situation. A
1045:
Despite the limitations on its mandate, UNMOGIP continues to operate in the region by reporting on the situation along the Line of Control (LoC) in Jammu and Kashmir. Its reports are submitted to the United Nations Security Council and are used to inform the international community about the
335:
3888:
4367:
564:
The India-Pakistan question was not a part of the agenda for the UNSC from 1953 and 1957. During this period, both India and Pakistan made internal decisions that worsened each other's perception of the other's stance on Kashmir. Pakistan became a part of the military alliances
448:
had no authority left to execute accession because his people had revolted and he had to flee the capital. It believed that the Azad Kashmir movement as well as the tribal incursions were indigenous and spontaneous, and Pakistan's assistance to them was not open to criticism.
874:
The McNaughton proposals were popular in the Security Council, which then passed a resolution giving both states a time period of five months to arrange the demilitarisation scheme. India later accepted the draft resolution on 14 March 1950. The council then appointed Sir
5403:
4811:
4174:
3398:
3972:
4349:
328:
723:
UN concerned about situation along ceasefire line. Demands ceasefire and that representatives of India and Pakistan meet with a representative of the secretary-general. Following a speech by the Pakistani Foreign Minister, India conducts a walkout from the UN.
3723:
1057:
1037:
in Kashmir. India and Pakistan disagree on UNMOGIP's mandate in Kashmir because India argued that the mandate of UNMOGIP has lapsed after the Simla agreement because it was specifically established to observe ceasefire according to the Karachi Agreement.
3718:
3760:
321:
453:
out, India insisting that Pakistan had to withdraw first, and Pakistan contending that there was no guarantee that India would withdraw afterwards. No agreement could be reached between the two countries on the process of demilitarisation.
5027:
4580:
3765:
866:
would also be dimilitarised and its administration would remain with the local authorities, under UN supervision. Pakistan accepted his suggestions but India proposed two far-reaching amendments which amounted to a rejection.
4634:
5441:
1632:
3735:
456:
Scholars have commented that the failure of the Security Council efforts of mediation owed to the fact that the council regarded the issue as a purely political dispute without investigating its legal underpinnings.
3785:
5020:
3745:
3388:
964:, arrived in the subcontinent during a time of tension, he tried to effect demilitarisation prior to a plebiscite but India and Pakistan could not agree on the number of troops who were to remain in Kashmir.
4044:
3050:
4373:
3326:
5485:
4734:
4622:
3442:
3030:
777:
521:
UNCIP unanimously adopts a resolution amending and amplifying the UN Resolution 47. It deals with a ceasefire, truce agreement and further consultation with the commission. This eventually leads to the
1524:"1964 - 1965 (4th supplement). Chapter VIII. Consideration of questions under the council's responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Part II. The India-Pakistan question"
1466:"1959 - 1963 (3rd supplement). Chapter VIII. Consideration of questions under the council's responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Part II. The India-Pakistan question"
1434:"1956 - 1958 (2nd supplement). Chapter VIII. Consideration of questions under the council's responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Part II. The India-Pakistan question"
5013:
417:
should be put into effect 'on the question of Accession of the state to India or Pakistan.' However, it was not until 1 January 1949 that the ceasefire could be put into effect, signed by General
5143:
4404:
3780:
5293:
4343:
3920:
2946:
2897:
4793:
3860:
3708:
5427:
4917:
3432:
3368:
3321:
3085:
1390:"1946 - 1951. Chapter VIII. Consideration of questions under the council's responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Part II. The India-Pakistan question"
5898:
5413:
4628:
4427:
3770:
3586:
1879:, p. 160. He summed up his impressions in very strong language, sharply taking India to task for its negative attitude towards the various alternative demilitarization proposals.
854:
His proposal enclosed a scheme whereby Pakistan and India would simultaneously withdraw their regular forces (excluding those Indian regular forces needed for security purposes). The
4562:
4069:
3755:
2880:
1069:
4049:
3635:
3237:
795:
5243:
912:
first Nehru who proposed a partition-cum-plebiscite plan: Jammu and Ladakh would go to India, Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas to Pakistan, and a plebiscite would be held in the
4302:
4002:
3952:
3750:
3353:
3296:
2966:
5770:
5743:
5738:
4705:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3775:
3669:
5711:
5303:
3291:
4059:
3740:
3618:
3197:
3143:
3060:
2976:
2961:
6178:
5516:
5333:
5193:
4752:
4746:
4728:
4195:
3338:
3055:
985:
725:
631:
34:
5647:
4604:
6203:
4907:
4864:
4805:
4681:
3613:
3393:
2885:
2851:
2772:
401:
358:
103:
5475:
5431:
5393:
4817:
4764:
4758:
4568:
4355:
4169:
3813:
3808:
3664:
3162:
896:
believed that the local authorities were biased in Pakistan's favour and this would not be in India's interests. However, India did not offer any substitute ideas.
5451:
4870:
4586:
4550:
3437:
3343:
2834:
2763:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
748:
744:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
625:
621:
602:
309:
304:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
252:
247:
242:
879:
as the next UN representative to the two countries; and he was tasked with administering McNaughton's demilitarisation scheme, which India had already rejected.
5533:
5133:
4924:
4699:
4526:
4502:
4444:
4101:
3865:
3378:
3373:
3348:
3212:
3035:
2986:
2863:
2839:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1011:
991:
544:
540:
536:
532:
504:
500:
496:
485:
405:
226:
210:
205:
189:
173:
168:
163:
158:
99:
5471:
4592:
3501:
5005:
365:, proposing that, in all the princely States where the ruler did not accede to a Dominion corresponding to the majority population (which would have included
5373:
5173:
4902:
4823:
4722:
4538:
4496:
4130:
4064:
3608:
3095:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5213:
5183:
5153:
4876:
4846:
4450:
4421:
433:
6198:
5697:
5622:
5383:
5313:
5273:
5253:
4799:
4787:
4740:
4544:
4532:
4490:
4157:
4091:
3803:
3730:
3713:
3075:
3025:
2951:
2892:
2828:
142:
5733:
5707:
373:
as well Kashmir), the accession should be decided by an 'impartial reference to the will of the people'. Jinnah rejected the offer. The Prime Ministers
5806:
4556:
3449:
3157:
2936:
2875:
851:
back to the UNSC, on 29 December. But the council asked him to continue his mediation and he did so, submitting his final report on 3 February 1950.
6193:
4852:
4295:
4163:
3997:
3284:
3222:
3182:
3070:
2734:
393:, which allows the member states to bring to the Security Council attention situations `likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace'.
386:
43:
5728:
5585:
5223:
4456:
2971:
2824:
2754:
781:
686:
The draft resolution failed adoption with 7 votes in favour and 2 against, with 2 abstentions. One of the negative votes was of the Soviet Union.
2137:
1545:
1523:
1465:
1433:
1389:
6141:
4897:
4574:
4520:
4514:
3603:
3526:
3383:
3358:
2803:
6014:
106:(UNCIP) to investigate the issues and mediate between the two new countries. Following the cease-fire of hostilities, it also established the
6188:
5519:
5163:
4858:
4508:
4484:
4361:
4210:
4113:
4079:
3982:
3962:
3893:
3681:
3652:
3630:
3521:
3454:
3242:
3187:
2655:
2580:
2502:
2442:
2422:
2398:
2333:
2299:
2236:
2175:
1224:
4280:
946:
5560:
5423:
5283:
5086:
4840:
4034:
3657:
3013:
2998:
2981:
5672:
5067:
1706:
768:
1972 onwards, UNSC no longer passed any resolution on the India-Pakistan question. Pakistan independently and through bodies such as the
4616:
4610:
4288:
4125:
4120:
3544:
3422:
3412:
3274:
3177:
3100:
3040:
1658:
1170:
769:
2692:
6136:
6126:
6019:
5836:
4246:
3491:
3279:
3269:
2941:
2904:
2604:
2559:
2481:
566:
91:
4693:
6078:
5888:
5664:
5461:
5203:
4598:
4231:
3915:
3647:
3516:
3427:
3247:
3227:
3167:
3152:
2462:
578:
903:
Next, Dixon put before the prime ministers of the two countries some proposals such as establishing a coalition government between
6116:
5652:
5642:
4934:
4142:
3311:
4687:
1682:
6099:
5363:
5343:
4781:
4669:
3898:
3316:
3301:
2870:
2846:
791:
The UNMOGIP is still functional. According to the secretary-general the UNMOGIP can only be abolished through a UNSC decision.
773:
2634:
6104:
5964:
5615:
5557:
4675:
3496:
3020:
2956:
2858:
859:
929:
Dixon plan which had stipulated that neither India nor Pakistan would be permitted to retain troops in the plebiscite zone.
5349:
5908:
5758:
4964:
4190:
4108:
4029:
3987:
3947:
3875:
3556:
3481:
3466:
2795:
798:, the UNSC discussed the Kashmir question at least three times. However no resolutions was taken and no statement issued.
390:
5857:
437:
which was in all respects already complete, and Pakistan could not aspire to an equal footing with India in the contest.
5702:
5299:
4096:
3957:
2727:
441:
75:
5209:
6173:
6065:
5999:
5233:
4322:
3172:
2991:
2390:
570:
62:
United Nations blue beret with UN badge worn by UN Military Observer Richard Cooper in India and Kashmir, c. 1973–1974
3331:
6152:
5933:
5923:
5682:
5677:
5566:
5096:
5076:
5071:
3967:
3930:
3925:
3511:
3259:
2931:
2819:
1026:
855:
754:
736:
354:
79:
6094:
6041:
5608:
5061:
3700:
3686:
3574:
3217:
3122:
3105:
2776:
5092:
6131:
6109:
5893:
3992:
3977:
3562:
2615:"Security Council Mediation and the Kashmir Dispute: Reflections on Its Failures and Possibilities for Renewal"
2024:
Bradnock, Robert W. (998), "Regional geopolitics in a globalising world: Kashmir in geopolitical perspective",
1165:
785:
656:
2246:
Bradnock, Robert (1998). "Regional geopolitics in a globalising world: Kashmir in geopolitical perspective".
6183:
6053:
4977:
3937:
2720:
444:
with Pakistan which precluded it from entering into agreements with other countries. It also held that the
432:
The Indian government considered itself to be under legal possession of Jammu and Kashmir by virtue of the
6047:
5913:
5903:
5841:
4024:
3486:
3207:
1006:
in July 1949 and established a ceasefire line to be supervised by observers. After the termination of the
933:
Dixon's final comment was to suggest that India and Pakistan be left to solve the situation on their own.
413:
Government of India to reduce its forces to minimum strength, after which the circumstances for holding a
6004:
5948:
5786:
5753:
4944:
4939:
4912:
4251:
4223:
4215:
4012:
3910:
3623:
3065:
2915:
2786:
1828:, p. 28–. U.S. policymakers considered India's rejection the worst example yet of its intransigence
1216:
Resolutions and Statements of the United Nations Security Council: (1946 - 1989) ; a Thematic Guide
581:
in November 1956 which stated "The State of Jammu and Kashmir is and will be a part of Union of India".
2141:
5577:
2666:
6024:
5994:
5989:
5938:
5883:
5796:
5043:
4929:
4241:
4205:
4200:
4152:
3883:
3132:
652:
574:
83:
5525:
39:
5943:
5791:
5765:
3942:
2758:
2590:
1076:
961:
830:
397:
362:
655:. The Tashkent Declaration by-passed the United Nations and was brokered by the Soviet Union. The
577:
demanded integration. The main trigger for Pakistan to appeal to the UNSC was the adoption of the
381:
met again in December, where Nehru informed Khan of India's intention to refer the dispute to the
6146:
6009:
5969:
5918:
4074:
2545:
2533:
2372:
2364:
2211:
1994:
1936:
1757:
1614:
1606:
694:
648:
90:
in 1947, when a dispute erupted between the two new States on the question of accession over the
4265:
5539:
5481:
5106:
5974:
5289:
4084:
4039:
4019:
3904:
3674:
3568:
3506:
3306:
2767:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2630:
2600:
2576:
2570:
2555:
2525:
2498:
2477:
2458:
2438:
2418:
2394:
2329:
2323:
2295:
2232:
2171:
2163:
1749:
1598:
1553:
1220:
1214:
1003:
816:
523:
477:
87:
2492:
2432:
2289:
6121:
6072:
5984:
5687:
5631:
3640:
3580:
3550:
3232:
2926:
2702:
2356:
2276:
2255:
2203:
2033:
1986:
1928:
1590:
1160:
378:
374:
95:
6059:
5979:
5928:
5867:
5811:
5801:
5748:
5082:
4991:
3973:
International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World
3003:
2267:
Hilali, AZ (1997). "Kashmir dispute and UN mediation efforts: An historical perspective".
1034:
1030:
925:
to India. According to Raghavan, at this point, Dixon lost patience and declared failure.
904:
842:
660:
5359:
5047:
4319:
2743:
2687:
2166:. In Joachim Alexander Koops; Norrie MacQueen; Thierry Tardy; Paul D. Williams (eds.).
913:
863:
824:
418:
382:
67:
58:
4986:
1977:
Snedden, Christopher (2005). "Would a plebiscite have resolved the Kashmir dispute?".
1919:
Snedden, Christopher (2005), "Would a plebiscite have resolved the Kashmir dispute?",
6167:
4054:
2408:
2376:
2222:
2215:
1998:
1940:
1618:
5169:
5159:
2614:
1063:
UN observers monitor a border discussion between Indian and Pakistani officers, 1962
5547:
5269:
4270:
4147:
4007:
3008:
2344:
954:
945:
917:
5379:
5339:
5239:
2309:
Howley, James (1991). "Alive and Kicking: The Kashmir Dispute Forty Years Later".
573:(CENTO). India saw nationalist movements from 1954 onwards. Organizations such as
2707:
2594:
2452:
2412:
2384:
2207:
663:
made India harden its stance on aversion to United Nations mediation on Kashmir.
5219:
5199:
5189:
5179:
5139:
4236:
440:
The Pakistan government held that the state of Jammu and Kashmir had executed a
5467:
5457:
5419:
5399:
5369:
5319:
5309:
1594:
5692:
5581:
5570:
5543:
5529:
5512:
5491:
5447:
5437:
5409:
5389:
5329:
5279:
5259:
5149:
5129:
4137:
3202:
2549:
2360:
2280:
2259:
2226:
2037:
1990:
1932:
876:
820:
615:
Rejection of a joint draft resolution through Soviet veto on 20 February 1957
445:
422:
414:
2529:
1753:
1602:
1557:
5353:
5229:
1019:
370:
2194:
Ankit, Rakesh (2013), "Britain and Kashmir, 1948: "The Arena of the UN"",
553:
constituted. Ceasefire acknowledged. Demilitarization attempts furthered.
4050:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)
3127:
3115:
1804:, p. 101–. Although Pakistan agreed to his proposals, India did not.
999:
366:
2537:
2513:
2474:
Hindu Rulers, Muslim Subjects: Islam, Rights, and the History of Kashmir
2164:"United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)"
1761:
1737:
1610:
1578:
5495:
2368:
550:
71:
5553:
784:
over the years have commented upon the issue. The OHCHR came out with
5323:
4663:
4651:
3192:
3110:
3080:
3045:
2494:
The Cold War on the Periphery: The United States, India, and Pakistan
1659:"Why India need not worry about Pakistan's efforts to instigate OIC"
887:
5600:
1531:
UNSC Repertoire. Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council
1473:
UNSC Repertoire. Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council
1441:
UNSC Repertoire. Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council
1397:
UNSC Repertoire. Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council
635:
of the resolutions of the UNCIP and toward a peaceful settlement."
490:
India approaches the UN. UN requests the two parties to calm down.
5263:
4657:
3090:
2697:
2682:
1007:
995:
994:(1948) also enlarged the membership of the UNCIP to five members.
944:
810:
510:
70:
has played an advisory role in maintaining peace and order in the
57:
4045:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice
2712:
1090:
UN Security Council resolutions concerning the Kashmir conflict:
16:
United Nations mediation of the India–Pakistan dispute in Kashmir
5249:
2635:"Three Compromised Nationalisms: Why Kashmir has been a Problem"
1707:"UN discusses Kashmir for third time since India ended autonomy"
5604:
5009:
4284:
2716:
778:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
1902:
1900:
18:
2168:
The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
2683:
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
2643:
Perspectives on Kashmir: the roots of conflict in South Asia
1797:
1795:
1016:
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
980:
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
108:
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
2572:
Kashmir in Conflict: India, Pakistan and the Unending War
1738:"The Kashmir Problem: Its Handling in the United Nations"
1633:"United Nations India-Pakistan Observer Mission (UNIPOM)"
1079:, presenting a memo to UN officials in Azad Kashmir, 2005
2708:
The United Nations: Friend Or Foe of Self-Determination?
1887:
1885:
1491:
1489:
361:
flew to Lahore on 1 November 1947 for a conference with
5899:
2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing
2619:
Boston College International and Comparative Law Review
2120:
2118:
1860:
1858:
1687:
www.securitycouncilreport.org (Security Council Report)
1546:"India's walkout from UNSC was a turning point: Natwar"
1273:
1271:
518:
UNCIP Resolutions of 13 August 1948 and 5 January 1949
400:(UNSC) on 1 January 1948. Following the set-up of the
2703:
Index to Proceeding to the General Assembly 1995/1996
796:
revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir
4003:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
3953:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
6087:
6033:
5957:
5876:
5850:
5779:
5721:
5663:
5504:
5121:
5114:
5054:
4890:
4833:
4774:
4715:
4644:
4477:
4470:
4437:
4414:
4397:
4383:
4336:
4329:
4183:
3874:
3796:
3699:
3596:
3537:
3474:
3465:
3411:
3258:
3141:
2913:
2812:
2794:
2785:
862:(and other militia) would both be demobilized. The
607:UNSC reminds both parties of previous resolutions.
549:UNCIP fails in its overall task. UNCIP terminated.
4060:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
2291:The Limits of Influence: America's Role in Kashmir
921:of Jammu and Kashmir should not be departed from.
5517:International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia
4196:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights
986:United Nations Military Observer Group in Kashmir
726:United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission
35:United Nations Military Observer Group in Kashmir
683:Draft resolution dated 22 June 1962 not adopted
402:United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan
104:United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan
4170:World Federation of United Nations Associations
3665:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
2698:The Case of UN Involvement in Jammu and Kashmir
2347:(1953), "The Kashmir dispute after six years",
2554:, London and New York: I. B. Taurus & Co,
1018:(UNMOGIP) to observe and report violations of
5616:
5021:
4925:United Nations Department of Peace Operations
4296:
2728:
2162:Shucksmith, Christy; White, Nigel D. (2015).
1657:Chakravarty, Pinak Ranjan (2 December 2020).
329:
8:
4065:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
2434:Jammu and Kashmir, the Cold War and the West
396:India sought resolution of the issue at the
5623:
5609:
5601:
5118:
5028:
5014:
5006:
4474:
4333:
4303:
4289:
4281:
4158:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
4070:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities
3471:
2791:
2735:
2721:
2713:
2228:Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace
2170:. Oxford University Press. pp. 139–.
1979:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
1921:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
336:
322:
117:
110:(UNMOGIP) to monitor the cease-fire line.
2097:
2061:
2049:
1801:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1250:
1238:
1200:
900:Nehru again offered no alternative idea.
757:, UN calls for cessation of hostilities.
6179:Diplomacy regarding the Kashmir conflict
3587:Conference on International Organization
2688:UN Security Council Resolution 39 and 47
2288:Schaffer, Howard B. (1 September 2009).
2085:
2073:
1906:
1825:
1325:
1262:
1042:that the mandate of UNMOGIP has lapsed.
886:
841:
665:
583:
459:
404:(UNCIP), the UN Security Council passed
6204:Kashmir conflict and the United Nations
3502:Office international d'hygiène publique
1813:
1507:
1495:
1417:
1361:
1188:
1181:
1053:
296:
260:
234:
218:
197:
181:
150:
129:
120:
3297:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General
2124:
2109:
1964:
1952:
1849:
1349:
1337:
1277:
772:, continues to raise the issue at the
5708:2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
4211:UN television film series (1964–1966)
3963:International Narcotics Control Board
3894:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
3682:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants
3653:Convention on the Rights of the Child
3631:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
2011:
1891:
1876:
1864:
1837:
1786:
1774:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1518:
1516:
1460:
1458:
1428:
1426:
1384:
1382:
1373:
7:
5284:United Nations Special Service Medal
5087:United Nations Emergency Force Medal
4035:United Nations Postal Administration
3670:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
3389:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
5863:UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute
3438:Permanent representatives to the UN
3327:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
2569:Schofield, Victoria (30 May 2010).
2311:Penn State International Law Review
1742:Journal of the Indian Law Institute
1171:United Nations fact-finding mission
770:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
138:UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute
94:. India took this matter to the UN
92:princely state of Jammu and Kashmir
6020:Tehreek-e-Azaadi Jammu and Kashmir
4247:Withdrawal from the United Nations
3433:Security Council Permanent members
567:Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
421:on behalf of Pakistan and General
14:
6199:United Nations Military Observers
6015:Islamic State – Khorasan Province
5889:2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre
5698:2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff
4232:United Nations in popular culture
3916:Expulsion from the United Nations
3861:General Assembly President (2016)
2322:Korbel, Josef (8 December 2015).
1683:"Jammu and Kashmir Consultations"
632:President of the Security Council
579:Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir
5576:
5565:
5552:
5538:
5524:
5511:
5490:
5480:
5466:
5456:
5446:
5436:
5418:
5408:
5398:
5388:
5378:
5368:
5358:
5348:
5338:
5328:
5318:
5308:
5298:
5288:
5278:
5268:
5258:
5248:
5238:
5228:
5218:
5208:
5198:
5188:
5178:
5168:
5158:
5148:
5138:
5128:
5105:
5091:
5081:
5066:
5037:
4985:
4972:
4971:
4958:
4935:United Nations Military Observer
4312:
4264:
2693:BBC Timeline on Kashmir conflict
2383:Gupta, Jyoti Bhusan Das (1968).
1068:
1056:
1046:situation in Jammu and Kashmir.
651:, India and Pakistan signed the
23:
6194:Pakistan and the United Nations
6079:Jammu and Kashmir Accession Day
5827:Operation Sadbhavana (Goodwill)
5673:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948
5044:Orders, decorations, and medals
4959:
3820:International Court of Justice
3369:Sport for Development and Peace
2294:. Brookings Institution Press.
1544:Haidar, Suhasini (2015-09-01).
1029:, the two countries signed the
774:United Nations General Assembly
513:and issues instructions to it.
124:concerning the Kashmir conflict
5965:Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
3497:Permanent Court of Arbitration
3492:International Peace Conference
2859:International Court of Justice
2640:. In Raju G. C. Thomas (ed.).
2596:Kashmir: The Unwritten History
2414:The Kashmir Dispute, 1947-2012
2328:. Princeton University Press.
1579:"UNIPOM: success of a mission"
1010:, the Security Council passed
992:Security Council Resolution 47
353:Following the outbreak of the
1:
5909:2002 Raghunath temple attacks
5759:2016 Nagrota army base attack
4030:Sustainable Development Goals
3557:Declaration by United Nations
3482:International Telegraph Union
2497:. Columbia University Press.
2454:War and Peace in Modern India
2269:Small Wars & Insurgencies
6189:India and the United Nations
6042:Jammu and Kashmir Exodus Day
5703:2008 Indo-Pakistani standoff
3958:International Criminal Court
3394:UN organizations by location
2231:. Harvard University Press.
2208:10.1080/09592296.2013.789771
6066:Jammu and Kashmir Black Day
6000:Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)
4092:Security Council veto power
3399:Sexual Violence in Conflict
3322:Economic and Social Affairs
2893:Economic and Social Council
2646:. Westview Press. pp.
2491:McMahon, Robert J. (1994).
2417:, Oxford University Press,
2391:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
960:When Dixon's successor, Dr
806:Mediatory reports include:
630:"Resolution requesting the
571:Central Treaty Organisation
357:, India's Governor General
102:(1948) and established the
49:Proposed since August 2024.
32:It has been suggested that
6220:
6153:Village Defence Committees
5934:2017 Amarnath Yatra attack
5924:March 2013 Srinagar attack
5683:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
5678:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
5097:United Nations Korea Medal
5077:United Nations Peace Medal
5072:Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal
4898:History of UN peacekeeping
4143:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea
3968:International Day of Peace
3450:General Assembly Observers
2773:General Assembly President
2665:Whitehead, Andrew (2007).
2451:Raghavan, Srinath (2010).
2389:. The Hauge, Netherlands:
2349:International Organization
2196:Diplomacy & Statecraft
1736:Khan, Rahmatullah (1969).
1595:10.1177/002070207202700304
1577:Reford, Robert W. (1972).
1027:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
983:
755:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
737:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
355:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
80:partition of British India
6095:Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus
5638:
5103:
4953:
4260:
3687:World Heritage Convention
3575:Dumbarton Oaks Conference
3285:General Assembly Building
2750:
2613:Subbiah, Sumathi (2004),
2512:Shakoor, Farzana (1998).
2431:Panigrahi, D. N. (2009),
2361:10.1017/s0020818300007256
2281:10.1080/09592319708423174
2260:10.1080/14650049808407617
2038:10.1080/14650049808407617
1991:10.1080/00856400500056145
1933:10.1080/00856400500056145
1075:Muhammad Farooq Rehmani,
1014:(1951) and established a
940:
597:
473:
6110:OHCHR reports on Kashmir
5894:Chittisinghpura massacre
5858:Jinnah–Mountbatten talks
5582:NATO Non-Article 5 Medal
5571:NATO Non-Article 5 Medal
4996:Updated in November 2023
3993:Military Staff Committee
3332:Dag Hammarskjöld Library
2835:Deputy Secretary-General
2764:Deputy Secretary-General
1219:, BRILL, pp. 322–,
1166:OHCHR reports on Kashmir
941:Frank Graham's mediation
657:liberation of Bangladesh
143:List of UNSC resolutions
4323:Peacekeeping Operations
4164:Woodrow Wilson Memorial
4126:UN International School
4121:UN Federal Credit Union
4102:Security Council reform
3938:Four Nations Initiative
3866:Security Council (2016)
3709:Security Council vetoes
2840:Under-Secretary-General
2599:, HarperCollins India,
1213:Wellens, Karel (1990),
6048:Kashmir Solidarity Day
5958:Militant organisations
5914:2006 Srinagar bombings
5904:2001 Kishtwar massacre
5877:Bombings and massacres
5062:Dag Hammarskjöld Medal
4114:Security Council mural
4080:Millennium Declaration
4025:SDG Publishers Compact
3487:Universal Postal Union
2457:. Palgrave Macmillan.
1033:in 1972 to define the
957:as the next mediator.
950:
892:
847:
82:into the dominions of
63:
6005:Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Hind
5949:2022 Srinagar bombing
5822:Operation Sarp Vinash
5787:1947 Poonch rebellion
5754:2016 Baramulla attack
4945:Women in peacekeeping
4940:United Nations Police
4252:Women in peacekeeping
3911:Drug control treaties
2476:. C. Hurst & Co.
1583:International Journal
948:
890:
845:
728:(UNIPOM) successful.
509:UNSC establishes the
61:
6054:Kashmir Martyrs' Day
6025:United Jihad Council
5990:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen
5939:2018 Sunjuwan attack
5884:1947 Jammu massacres
5797:Operation Grand Slam
4930:United Nations Medal
4206:United Nations Radio
4201:United Nations Medal
4153:University for Peace
3884:Bretton Woods system
3619:governed territories
3364:Developing Countries
3275:Secretariat Building
3144:Specialized agencies
2668:A Mission in Kashmir
2591:Snedden, Christopher
2138:"UNMOGIP Background"
1637:Government of Canada
860:Kashmir State forces
838:McNaughton proposals
782:UN Secretary General
672:Adopted resolutions
661:1972 Simla Agreement
653:Tashkent Declaration
590:Adopted resolutions
575:Bhartiya Jana Sangha
466:Adopted resolutions
442:Standstill Agreement
425:on behalf of India.
42:into this article. (
6147:Over ground workers
6105:Human rights abuses
5944:2019 Pulwama attack
5832:Operation Calm Down
5792:Operation Gibraltar
4992:Politics portal
3978:International Years
3943:Genocide Convention
3379:Outer Space Affairs
3374:Disarmament Affairs
3339:Safety and Security
3280:Conference Building
3260:Secretariat offices
2905:Trusteeship Council
2551:Kashmir in Conflict
2546:Schofield, Victoria
2472:Rai, Mridu (2004).
1909:, pp. 188–189.
1533:. pp. 100–108.
1376:, p. 276, 279.
1340:, pp. 506–507.
1077:Hurriyat Conference
949:Frank Porter Graham
856:Azad Kashmir forces
398:UN Security Council
363:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
6174:Rebellions in Asia
6010:Dukhtaran-e-Millat
5970:Tehreek-e-Hurriyat
5919:2006 Doda massacre
5665:Wars and conflicts
4716:Asia & Pacific
4398:Asia & Pacific
3998:Official languages
3545:London Declaration
3354:Internal Oversight
3344:Palestinian Rights
2916:Funds, programmes,
2631:Varshney, Ashutosh
2014:, p. 161–162.
1777:, p. 153–155.
1764:– via JSTOR.
1621:– via JSTOR.
1443:. pp. 112–115
1399:. pp. 344–352
951:
893:
848:
788:in 2018 and 2019.
695:Second Kashmir War
649:Second Kashmir War
612:Soviet Union veto
385:under article 35 (
74:region soon after
64:
6161:
6160:
5975:Hizbul Mujahideen
5817:Operation All Out
5722:Border skirmishes
5598:
5597:
5594:
5593:
5505:Mandated Missions
5003:
5002:
4886:
4885:
4466:
4465:
4278:
4277:
4109:UN Art Collection
4085:Millennium Summit
4040:UN Block By Block
4020:Ralph Bunche Park
3988:UN laissez-passer
3948:UN Global Compact
3905:Delivering as One
3804:Secretary-General
3695:
3694:
3675:Indigenous Caucus
3569:Tehran Conference
3563:Moscow Conference
3538:Preparatory years
3507:League of Nations
3407:
3406:
3307:Palace of Nations
3009:UNEP/GRID-Arendal
2825:Secretary-General
2768:Amina J. Mohammed
2755:Secretary-General
2657:978-0-8133-8343-9
2582:978-0-85773-078-7
2504:978-0-231-51467-5
2444:978-1-136-51751-8
2424:978-0-19-940018-8
2400:978-94-011-9231-6
2386:Jammu and Kashmir
2335:978-1-4008-7523-8
2325:Danger in Kashmir
2301:978-0-8157-0370-9
2238:978-0-674-01173-1
2177:978-0-19-968604-9
1316:, pp. 82–85.
1304:, pp. 71–72.
1292:, pp. 70–71.
1241:, pp. 68–69.
1226:978-0-7923-0796-9
1203:, pp. 67–68.
1191:, pp. 13–14.
1004:Karachi Agreement
846:Andrew McNaughton
817:Andrew McNaughton
802:Mediatory reports
761:
760:
743:UNSC Resolutions
701:UNSC Resolutions
639:
638:
620:UNSC Resolutions
601:UNSC Resolutions
557:
556:
531:UNSC Resolutions
524:Karachi agreement
495:UNSC Resolutions
478:First Kashmir War
346:
345:
122:UNSC resolutions
56:
55:
51:
6211:
6073:Azad Kashmir Day
5985:Jaish-e-Mohammed
5688:Siachen conflict
5632:Kashmir conflict
5625:
5618:
5611:
5602:
5580:
5569:
5556:
5542:
5528:
5515:
5494:
5484:
5470:
5460:
5450:
5440:
5422:
5412:
5402:
5392:
5382:
5372:
5362:
5352:
5342:
5332:
5322:
5312:
5302:
5292:
5282:
5272:
5262:
5252:
5242:
5232:
5222:
5212:
5202:
5192:
5182:
5172:
5162:
5152:
5142:
5132:
5119:
5109:
5095:
5085:
5070:
5042:
5041:
5040:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5007:
4990:
4989:
4975:
4974:
4962:
4961:
4475:
4334:
4330:Current missions
4318:
4316:
4315:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4282:
4271:World portal
4269:
4268:
4175:Biopiracy treaty
3761:Nagorno-Karabakh
3731:Security Council
3714:General Assembly
3641:Human Rights Day
3581:Yalta Conference
3551:Atlantic Charter
3472:
3428:Founding members
3349:Peace Operations
3233:World Bank Group
2927:Culture of Peace
2918:and other bodies
2871:Security Council
2847:General Assembly
2813:Principal organs
2792:
2759:António Guterres
2737:
2730:
2723:
2714:
2672:
2671:. Penguin India.
2661:
2639:
2626:
2609:
2586:
2564:
2541:
2518:Pakistan Horizon
2514:"UN and Kashmir"
2508:
2487:
2468:
2447:
2427:
2404:
2379:
2339:
2318:
2305:
2284:
2263:
2242:
2218:
2182:
2181:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2140:. Archived from
2134:
2128:
2122:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2100:, p. 83-86.
2095:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1895:
1889:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1853:
1847:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1733:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1520:
1511:
1510:, p. 53–54.
1505:
1499:
1493:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1470:
1462:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1438:
1430:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1394:
1386:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1275:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1186:
1161:Kashmir conflict
1072:
1060:
953:Pakistan vetoed
753:With respect to
666:
584:
484:UNSC Resolution
460:
411:
379:Liaquat Ali Khan
375:Jawaharlal Nehru
338:
331:
324:
125:
118:
96:Security Council
76:the independence
47:
27:
26:
19:
6219:
6218:
6214:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6208:
6164:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6083:
6060:Youm-e-Istehsal
6029:
5995:Harkat ul-Ansar
5980:Lashkar-e-Taiba
5953:
5929:2016 Uri attack
5872:
5868:Simla Agreement
5846:
5812:Operation Eraze
5807:Operation Bison
5802:Operation Tupac
5775:
5749:2016 Uri attack
5717:
5659:
5634:
5629:
5599:
5590:
5573:for the Balkans
5500:
5110:
5101:
5050:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5004:
4999:
4995:
4984:
4949:
4882:
4829:
4770:
4711:
4640:
4462:
4433:
4410:
4393:
4379:
4325:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4279:
4274:
4263:
4256:
4179:
3870:
3792:
3691:
3592:
3533:
3475:Preceding years
3461:
3414:
3403:
3262:and departments
3261:
3254:
3146:
3137:
2920:
2917:
2909:
2808:
2781:
2746:
2741:
2679:
2664:
2658:
2637:
2629:
2612:
2607:
2589:
2583:
2568:
2562:
2544:
2511:
2505:
2490:
2484:
2471:
2465:
2450:
2445:
2430:
2425:
2407:
2401:
2382:
2343:
2336:
2321:
2308:
2302:
2287:
2266:
2245:
2239:
2221:
2193:
2190:
2185:
2178:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2147:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2096:
2092:
2084:
2080:
2072:
2068:
2060:
2056:
2048:
2044:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2010:
2006:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1955:, p. 173–.
1951:
1947:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1905:
1898:
1894:, p. 161–.
1890:
1883:
1875:
1871:
1863:
1856:
1852:, p. 168–.
1848:
1844:
1840:, p. 156-.
1836:
1832:
1824:
1820:
1812:
1808:
1800:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1769:
1735:
1734:
1725:
1716:
1714:
1713:. 6 August 2020
1705:
1704:
1700:
1691:
1689:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1667:
1665:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1642:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1562:
1560:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1514:
1506:
1502:
1494:
1487:
1477:
1475:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1424:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1372:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1344:
1336:
1332:
1324:
1320:
1312:
1308:
1300:
1296:
1288:
1284:
1276:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1249:
1245:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1064:
1061:
1052:
1035:Line of Control
1031:Simla Agreement
988:
982:
943:
905:Sheikh Abdullah
885:
840:
804:
766:
644:
562:
409:
351:
342:
123:
121:
116:
98:, which passed
52:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6217:
6215:
6207:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6184:Guerrilla wars
6181:
6176:
6166:
6165:
6159:
6158:
6156:
6155:
6150:
6144:
6142:Women's rights
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6113:
6112:
6102:
6097:
6091:
6089:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6075:
6069:
6068:(Invasion Day)
6062:
6056:
6050:
6044:
6037:
6035:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5961:
5959:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5880:
5878:
5874:
5873:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5854:
5852:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5844:
5842:2019 airstrike
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5783:
5781:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5762:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5715:
5712:media coverage
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5669:
5667:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5656:
5655:
5650:
5639:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5628:
5627:
5620:
5613:
5605:
5596:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5574:
5563:
5550:
5536:
5522:
5508:
5506:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5488:
5478:
5464:
5454:
5444:
5434:
5416:
5406:
5396:
5386:
5376:
5366:
5356:
5346:
5336:
5326:
5316:
5306:
5296:
5286:
5276:
5266:
5256:
5246:
5236:
5226:
5216:
5206:
5196:
5186:
5176:
5166:
5156:
5146:
5136:
5125:
5123:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5104:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5089:
5079:
5074:
5064:
5058:
5056:
5052:
5051:
5048:United Nations
5035:
5033:
5032:
5025:
5018:
5010:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4981:
4968:
4954:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4921:
4920:
4918:Latin American
4915:
4910:
4905:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4880:
4874:
4868:
4862:
4856:
4850:
4844:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4785:
4778:
4776:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4762:
4756:
4750:
4744:
4738:
4732:
4726:
4719:
4717:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4703:
4697:
4691:
4685:
4679:
4673:
4667:
4661:
4655:
4648:
4646:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4638:
4632:
4626:
4620:
4614:
4608:
4602:
4596:
4590:
4584:
4578:
4572:
4566:
4560:
4554:
4548:
4542:
4536:
4530:
4524:
4518:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4494:
4488:
4481:
4479:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4454:
4448:
4441:
4439:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4425:
4418:
4416:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4347:
4340:
4338:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4320:United Nations
4310:
4308:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4285:
4276:
4275:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4221:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4123:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4094:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3880:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3781:Western Sahara
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3650:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3584:
3578:
3572:
3566:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3455:European Union
3447:
3446:
3445:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3419:
3417:
3409:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3292:Envoy on Youth
3289:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3266:
3264:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3006:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2856:
2855:
2854:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2800:
2798:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2777:Dennis Francis
2770:
2761:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2744:United Nations
2742:
2740:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2678:
2677:External links
2675:
2674:
2673:
2662:
2656:
2627:
2610:
2606:978-9350298985
2605:
2587:
2581:
2575:. I.B.Tauris.
2565:
2561:978-1860648984
2560:
2542:
2509:
2503:
2488:
2483:978-1850656616
2482:
2469:
2463:
2448:
2443:
2428:
2423:
2409:Noorani, A. G.
2405:
2399:
2380:
2355:(4): 498–510,
2340:
2334:
2319:
2306:
2300:
2285:
2264:
2243:
2237:
2223:Bose, Sumantra
2219:
2202:(2): 273–290,
2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2154:
2129:
2114:
2102:
2098:Schofield 2003
2090:
2078:
2076:, p. 30–.
2066:
2064:, p. 83–.
2062:Schofield 2003
2054:
2050:Schofield 2003
2042:
2016:
2004:
1969:
1957:
1945:
1911:
1896:
1881:
1869:
1867:, p. 159.
1854:
1842:
1830:
1818:
1816:, p. 60–.
1806:
1802:Schofield 2010
1791:
1789:, p. 154.
1779:
1767:
1748:(3): 273–292.
1723:
1698:
1674:
1649:
1624:
1589:(3): 405–423.
1569:
1536:
1512:
1500:
1485:
1454:
1422:
1410:
1378:
1366:
1364:, p. 180.
1354:
1352:, p. 507.
1342:
1330:
1328:, p. 212.
1318:
1314:Schofield 2003
1306:
1302:Schofield 2003
1294:
1290:Schofield 2003
1282:
1280:, p. 502.
1267:
1265:, p. 211.
1255:
1251:Schofield 2003
1243:
1239:Schofield 2003
1231:
1225:
1205:
1201:Schofield 2003
1193:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1055:
1051:
1048:
984:Main article:
981:
978:
942:
939:
914:Kashmir Valley
884:
881:
864:Northern Areas
839:
836:
835:
834:
828:
825:Gunnar Jarring
814:
803:
800:
794:Following the
765:
762:
759:
758:
751:
741:
730:
729:
721:
699:
688:
687:
684:
681:
677:
676:
673:
670:
643:
640:
637:
636:
628:
617:
616:
613:
609:
608:
605:
599:
595:
594:
591:
588:
561:
558:
555:
554:
547:
528:
527:
519:
515:
514:
507:
492:
491:
488:
482:
471:
470:
467:
464:
383:United Nations
350:
347:
344:
343:
341:
340:
333:
326:
318:
315:
314:
313:
312:
310:Resolution 307
307:
305:Resolution 303
299:
298:
294:
293:
292:
291:
289:Resolution 215
286:
284:Resolution 214
281:
279:Resolution 211
276:
274:Resolution 210
271:
269:Resolution 209
263:
262:
258:
257:
256:
255:
253:Resolution 126
250:
248:Resolution 123
245:
243:Resolution 122
237:
236:
232:
231:
230:
229:
221:
220:
216:
215:
214:
213:
208:
200:
199:
195:
194:
193:
192:
184:
183:
179:
178:
177:
176:
171:
166:
161:
153:
152:
148:
147:
146:
145:
140:
132:
131:
127:
126:
115:
112:
68:United Nations
54:
53:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6216:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6169:
6154:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6137:Peacebuilding
6135:
6133:
6132:Stone pelting
6130:
6128:
6127:Crowd control
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6086:
6080:
6076:
6074:
6070:
6067:
6063:
6061:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6049:
6045:
6043:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6032:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5956:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5879:
5875:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5849:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5778:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5746:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5720:
5713:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5662:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5637:
5633:
5626:
5621:
5619:
5614:
5612:
5607:
5606:
5603:
5587:
5583:
5579:
5575:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5509:
5507:
5503:
5497:
5493:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5465:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5443:
5439:
5435:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5355:
5351:
5347:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5307:
5305:
5301:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5285:
5281:
5277:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5255:
5251:
5247:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5225:
5221:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5207:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5120:
5117:
5113:
5108:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5031:
5026:
5024:
5019:
5017:
5012:
5011:
5008:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4982:
4980:
4979:
4969:
4967:
4966:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4878:
4875:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4773:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4680:
4677:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4643:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4473:
4471:Past missions
4469:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4436:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4306:
4301:
4299:
4294:
4292:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4259:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4055:Treaty Series
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3415:and observers
3410:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3359:Legal Affairs
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3257:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3140:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2738:
2733:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2644:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2608:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2566:
2563:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2466:
2464:9780230242159
2460:
2456:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2440:
2437:, Routledge,
2436:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2345:Korbel, Josef
2341:
2337:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2179:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2158:
2155:
2144:on 2017-07-03
2143:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2127:, p. 77.
2126:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2112:, p. 76.
2111:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2091:
2088:, p. 31.
2087:
2086:Schaffer 2009
2082:
2079:
2075:
2074:Schaffer 2009
2070:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2055:
2052:, p. 83.
2051:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1970:
1967:, p. 75.
1966:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1907:Raghavan 2010
1903:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1826:Schaffer 2009
1822:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1675:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1650:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1573:
1570:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1540:
1537:
1532:
1525:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1498:, p. 53.
1497:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1474:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1442:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1420:, p. 59.
1419:
1414:
1411:
1398:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1326:Varshney 1992
1322:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1263:Varshney 1992
1259:
1256:
1253:, p. 70.
1252:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1092:Resolution 38
1089:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1071:
1066:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1012:Resolution 91
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
987:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
963:
958:
956:
947:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
919:
915:
909:
906:
901:
897:
889:
883:Dixon mission
882:
880:
878:
872:
868:
865:
861:
857:
852:
844:
837:
832:
829:
826:
822:
818:
815:
812:
809:
808:
807:
801:
799:
797:
792:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
763:
756:
752:
750:
746:
742:
740:
738:
732:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
698:
696:
690:
689:
685:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
668:
667:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
641:
633:
629:
627:
623:
619:
618:
614:
611:
610:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
589:
586:
585:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
559:
552:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
529:
525:
520:
517:
516:
512:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:
489:
487:
483:
481:
479:
472:
468:
465:
462:
461:
458:
454:
450:
447:
443:
438:
435:
430:
426:
424:
420:
416:
407:
406:Resolution 47
403:
399:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
348:
339:
334:
332:
327:
325:
320:
319:
317:
316:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
301:
300:
295:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
266:
265:
264:
259:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
240:
239:
238:
233:
228:
227:Resolution 98
225:
224:
223:
222:
217:
212:
211:Resolution 96
209:
207:
206:Resolution 91
204:
203:
202:
201:
196:
191:
190:Resolution 80
188:
187:
186:
185:
180:
175:
174:Resolution 51
172:
170:
169:Resolution 47
167:
165:
164:Resolution 39
162:
160:
159:Resolution 38
157:
156:
155:
154:
149:
144:
141:
139:
136:
135:
134:
133:
128:
119:
113:
111:
109:
105:
101:
100:resolution 39
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
60:
50:
45:
41:
37:
36:
30:
21:
20:
6077:26 October—
6071:24 October—
6064:22 October—
6046:5 February—
6040:19 January—
5862:
5851:Negotiations
5653:1947–present
4983:
4970:
4957:
4262:
4224:
4216:
4162:
4008:Peacekeeping
3983:Interpreters
3903:
3604:Peacekeeping
3522:organization
3423:Full members
3384:Partnerships
3270:Headquarters
2992:peacekeeping
2667:
2642:
2625:(1): 173–185
2622:
2618:
2595:
2571:
2550:
2524:(2): 53–69.
2521:
2517:
2493:
2473:
2453:
2433:
2413:
2385:
2352:
2348:
2324:
2314:
2310:
2290:
2275:(2): 61–86.
2272:
2268:
2251:
2247:
2227:
2199:
2195:
2188:Bibliography
2167:
2157:
2146:. Retrieved
2142:the original
2132:
2105:
2093:
2081:
2069:
2057:
2045:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2007:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1960:
1948:
1927:(1): 64–86,
1924:
1920:
1914:
1872:
1845:
1833:
1821:
1814:McMahon 1994
1809:
1782:
1770:
1745:
1741:
1715:. Retrieved
1710:
1701:
1690:. Retrieved
1686:
1677:
1666:. Retrieved
1662:
1652:
1641:. Retrieved
1639:. 2019-06-03
1636:
1627:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1561:. Retrieved
1549:
1539:
1530:
1508:Shakoor 1998
1503:
1496:Shakoor 1998
1478:27 September
1476:. Retrieved
1472:
1447:26 September
1445:. Retrieved
1440:
1418:Shakoor 1998
1413:
1403:26 September
1401:. Retrieved
1396:
1369:
1362:Subbiah 2004
1357:
1345:
1333:
1321:
1309:
1297:
1285:
1258:
1246:
1234:
1215:
1208:
1196:
1189:Noorani 2014
1184:
1044:
1040:
1024:
1015:
989:
974:
970:
966:
962:Frank Graham
959:
955:Ralph Bunche
952:
935:
931:
927:
923:
918:Muzaffarabad
910:
902:
898:
894:
873:
869:
853:
849:
831:Frank Graham
805:
793:
790:
767:
764:1972–present
734:
692:
645:
569:(SEATO) and
563:
475:
455:
451:
439:
431:
427:
395:
352:
137:
107:
65:
48:
33:
6034:Observances
5837:2016 strike
5486:MINURCAT II
4873:(1991–2003)
4867:(1988–1991)
4861:(1973–1979)
4855:(1963–1964)
4843:(1956–1967)
4834:Middle East
4826:(1996–2002)
4820:(1996–2002)
4814:(1996–1998)
4808:(1995–2002)
4802:(1995–1999)
4796:(1995–1996)
4790:(1993–2009)
4784:(1992–1995)
4767:(2006–2012)
4761:(2002–2005)
4755:(1994–2000)
4749:(1992–1993)
4743:(1991–1992)
4737:(1988–1990)
4731:(1965–1966)
4725:(1962–1963)
4708:(2017–2019)
4702:(2004–2017)
4696:(1997–2000)
4678:(1996–1997)
4672:(1993–1996)
4666:(1991–1995)
4660:(1989–1992)
4654:(1965–1966)
4637:(2013–2023)
4631:(2007–2020)
4625:(2007–2010)
4619:(2005–2011)
4613:(2004–2006)
4607:(2004–2017)
4601:(2003–2018)
4595:(2003–2004)
4589:(2000–2008)
4583:(1999–2010)
4577:(1999–2005)
4571:(1998–1999)
4565:(1998–2000)
4559:(1997–1999)
4553:(1995–1997)
4541:(1993–1996)
4535:(1993–1997)
4529:(1993–1994)
4523:(1993–1995)
4517:(1992–1994)
4511:(1992–1993)
4505:(1991–1995)
4499:(1989–1991)
4493:(1989–1990)
4487:(1960–1964)
4438:Middle East
4237:UNICEF club
3931:Honour Flag
3766:North Korea
3701:Resolutions
3648:Enlargement
2820:Secretariat
2254:(2): 1–29.
2248:Geopolitics
2125:Hilali 1997
2110:Hilali 1997
2026:Geopolitics
1965:Hilali 1997
1953:Korbel 2015
1850:Korbel 2015
1350:Korbel 1953
1338:Korbel 1953
1278:Korbel 1953
1002:signed the
786:two reports
359:Mountbatten
6168:Categories
6100:Insurgency
6058:5 August—
5780:Operations
5693:Kargil War
5544:NATO Medal
5530:NATO Medal
4551:UNAVEM III
4225:Ex Tempore
4217:UN Special
4138:UN Mandate
3597:Activities
3203:UN Tourism
3026:UN-HABITAT
3004:OzonAction
2829:selections
2148:2017-06-29
2012:Gupta 1968
1892:Gupta 1968
1877:Gupta 1968
1865:Gupta 1968
1838:Gupta 1968
1787:Gupta 1968
1775:Gupta 1968
1717:2021-09-29
1711:Al Jazeera
1692:2021-09-29
1668:2021-09-29
1643:2021-12-29
1563:2021-09-27
1374:Ankit 2013
1177:References
1025:After the
891:Owen Dixon
877:Owen Dixon
821:Owen Dixon
474:1948-1951
423:Roy Bucher
415:plebiscite
391:UN Charter
387:Chapter VI
6052:13 July—
5771:2020–2021
5744:2016–2018
5739:2014–2015
5648:1846–1946
4706:MINUJUSTH
4521:UNOSOM II
4503:UNAVEM II
4097:UN reform
3899:Criticism
3797:Elections
3771:Palestine
3658:committee
3066:UN-Oceans
3014:UNEP-WCMC
2898:President
2886:President
2876:Elections
2852:President
2787:UN System
2593:(2013) ,
2548:(2003) ,
2530:0030-980X
2411:(2014) ,
2377:155022750
2216:154021048
2032:(2): 11,
1999:145020726
1985:: 64–86.
1941:145020726
1754:0019-5731
1619:151745499
1603:0020-7020
1558:0971-751X
1550:The Hindu
1020:ceasefire
642:1962–1972
560:1951–1957
434:accession
389:) of the
371:Hyderabad
349:1948–1951
5643:Timeline
5558:INTERFET
5384:UNPREDEP
5344:UNPROFOR
5115:Military
4978:Category
4908:Timeline
4903:Missions
4800:UNPREDEP
4782:UNPROFOR
4700:MINUSTAH
4645:Americas
4623:MINURCAT
4509:UNOSOM I
4497:UNAVEM I
4390:Inactive
4384:Americas
4242:Model UN
4227:magazine
4219:magazine
4148:UN Sacco
3636:drafting
3614:timeline
3609:missions
3512:archives
3128:UN Women
3116:UNU-CRIS
2967:UNCITRAL
2804:Preamble
2633:(1992).
2538:41394458
2225:(2003).
1762:43950029
1611:25733948
1085:See also
1000:Pakistan
827:: 1 each
446:Maharaja
367:Junagadh
114:Overview
84:Pakistan
6088:Related
5496:MONUSCO
5432:UNMISET
5294:MINURSO
5244:UNIIMOG
5204:UNEF II
5184:UNFICYP
5144:UNMOGIP
5122:General
5055:General
5046:of the
4965:Outline
4891:Related
4865:UNIIMOG
4859:UNEF II
4759:UNMISET
4735:UNGOMAP
4694:MIPONUH
4682:MINUGUA
4635:MINUSMA
4575:UNAMSIL
4569:UNOMSIL
4563:MINURCA
4422:UNFICYP
4405:UNMOGIP
4368:MINUSCA
4350:MONUSCO
4344:MINURSO
4191:Outline
3876:Related
3756:Lebanon
3527:members
3517:charter
3467:History
3413:Members
3312:Nairobi
2947:MINURSO
2881:Members
2864:Statute
2796:Charter
2648:191–234
2369:2704850
1050:Gallery
669:Period
587:Period
551:UNMOGIP
463:Period
72:Kashmir
44:Discuss
6149:(OGWs)
6122:Ikhwan
5472:MINUCI
5428:UNTAET
5424:UNAMET
5404:UNTAES
5374:UNAMIR
5354:UNOSOM
5324:ONUSAL
5314:UNAMIC
5304:UNIKOM
5274:UNAVEM
5224:UNIFIL
5194:UNIPOM
5154:UNOGIL
4976:
4963:
4913:Canada
4879:(2012)
4877:UNSMIS
4871:UNIKOM
4849:(1958)
4847:UNOGIL
4841:UNEF I
4824:UNCPSG
4812:UNTAES
4806:UNMIBH
4788:UNOMIG
4775:Europe
4741:UNAMIC
4729:UNIPOM
4690:(1997)
4688:UNTMIH
4684:(1997)
4676:UNSMIH
4664:ONUSAL
4652:DOMREP
4629:UNAMID
4593:MINUCI
4547:(1994)
4545:UNASOG
4539:UNAMIR
4533:UNOMIL
4527:UNOMUR
4515:ONUMOZ
4478:Africa
4459:(1978)
4457:UNIFIL
4453:(1974)
4447:(1948)
4430:(1999)
4424:(1964)
4415:Europe
4407:(1949)
4376:(2020)
4374:UNITAM
4370:(2014)
4364:(2011)
4362:UNMISS
4358:(2011)
4356:UNISFA
4352:(2010)
4346:(1991)
4337:Africa
4317:
4075:UN Day
4013:Canada
3889:CCISUA
3751:Israel
3736:Cyprus
3589:(1945)
3583:(1945)
3577:(1944)
3571:(1943)
3565:(1943)
3559:(1942)
3553:(1941)
3547:(1941)
3317:Vienna
3302:Geneva
3193:UNESCO
3111:UNU-OP
3086:UNRISD
3081:UNOSAT
3061:UNITAR
3056:UNIDIR
3051:UNICRI
3046:UNICEF
2962:UNCTAD
2952:UNAIDS
2654:
2603:
2579:
2558:
2536:
2528:
2501:
2480:
2461:
2441:
2421:
2397:
2375:
2367:
2332:
2298:
2235:
2214:
2174:
1997:
1939:
1760:
1752:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1556:
1223:
780:, and
776:. The
675:Notes
593:Notes
469:Notes
419:Gracey
410:
40:merged
5561:Medal
5520:Medal
5476:ONUCI
5462:UNMIL
5452:UNMEE
5442:MONUC
5414:UNMIK
5394:UNMOP
5364:UNMIH
5334:UNTAC
5264:ONUCA
5254:UNTAG
5214:UNDOF
5174:UNTEA
5134:UNTSO
4853:UNYOM
4818:UNMOP
4794:UNCRO
4765:UNMIT
4753:UNMOT
4747:UNTAC
4670:UNMIH
4658:ONUCA
4617:UNMIS
4605:UNOCI
4599:UNMIL
4587:UNMEE
4581:MONUC
4557:MONUA
4491:UNTAG
4451:UNDOF
4445:UNTSO
4428:UNMIK
4184:Other
4131:Hanoi
3921:FICSA
3786:Yemen
3776:Syria
3624:UNPOL
3198:UNIDO
3101:UNSSC
3096:UNSDG
3091:UNRWA
3076:UNOPS
3071:UNODC
3041:UNHRC
3036:UNHCR
3031:OHCHR
3021:UNFPA
2987:UNDPO
2977:UNDGC
2972:UNCDF
2638:(PDF)
2534:JSTOR
2373:S2CID
2365:JSTOR
2212:S2CID
1995:S2CID
1937:S2CID
1758:JSTOR
1615:S2CID
1607:JSTOR
1527:(PDF)
1469:(PDF)
1437:(PDF)
1393:(PDF)
1008:UNCIP
996:India
811:UNCIP
733:1971
691:1965
680:1962
598:1957
511:UNCIP
408:on 21
130:Notes
88:India
6117:Rape
5766:2019
5734:2013
5729:2011
5586:ISAF
5584:for
5548:KFOR
5546:for
5534:SFOR
5532:for
5234:UNHQ
5164:ONUC
4723:UNSF
4611:ONUB
4485:ONUC
3926:Flag
3854:2011
3849:2014
3844:2017
3839:2020
3834:2021
3829:2022
3824:2023
3814:2016
3809:2021
3746:Iraq
3741:Iran
3724:67th
3719:66th
3443:list
3238:IBRD
3223:WIPO
3213:WFEO
3163:IFAD
3158:ICAO
2999:UNEP
2982:UNDP
2957:SCSL
2942:IAEA
2937:IPCC
2652:ISBN
2601:ISBN
2577:ISBN
2556:ISBN
2526:ISSN
2499:ISBN
2478:ISBN
2459:ISBN
2439:ISBN
2419:ISBN
2395:ISBN
2330:ISBN
2317:(1).
2296:ISBN
2233:ISBN
2172:ISBN
1750:ISSN
1599:ISSN
1554:ISSN
1480:2021
1449:2021
1405:2021
1221:ISBN
998:and
990:The
858:and
659:and
377:and
297:1971
261:1965
235:1957
219:1952
198:1951
182:1950
151:1948
86:and
78:and
66:The
3248:IFC
3243:IDA
3228:WMO
3218:WHO
3208:UPU
3188:ITU
3183:IOM
3178:IMO
3173:IMF
3168:ILO
3153:FAO
3133:WFP
3123:UNV
3106:UNU
2932:ITC
2357:doi
2277:doi
2256:doi
2204:doi
2034:doi
1987:doi
1929:doi
1663:ORF
1591:doi
1156:307
1152:303
1148:215
1144:214
1140:211
1136:210
1132:209
1128:126
1124:123
1120:122
833:: 6
813:: 4
749:307
745:303
719:215
715:214
711:211
707:210
703:209
626:126
622:123
603:122
38:be
6170::
2775::
2766::
2757::
2650:.
2623:27
2621:,
2617:,
2532:.
2522:51
2520:.
2516:.
2393:.
2371:,
2363:,
2351:,
2313:.
2271:.
2250:.
2210:,
2200:24
2198:,
2117:^
2028:,
1993:.
1983:28
1981:.
1935:,
1925:28
1923:,
1899:^
1884:^
1857:^
1794:^
1756:.
1746:11
1744:.
1740:.
1726:^
1709:.
1685:.
1661:.
1635:.
1613:.
1605:.
1597:.
1587:27
1585:.
1581:.
1552:.
1548:.
1529:.
1515:^
1488:^
1471:.
1457:^
1439:.
1425:^
1395:.
1381:^
1270:^
1154:,
1150:,
1146:,
1142:,
1138:,
1134:,
1130:,
1126:,
1122:,
1118:,
1116:98
1114:,
1112:91
1110:,
1108:80
1106:,
1104:51
1102:,
1100:47
1098:,
1096:39
1094:,
1022:.
823:,
819:,
747:,
739:)
717:,
713:,
709:,
705:,
697:)
624:,
545:98
543:,
541:96
539:,
537:91
535:,
533:80
526:.
505:51
503:,
501:47
499:,
497:39
486:38
480:)
369:,
5714:)
5710:(
5624:e
5617:t
5610:v
5474:/
5430:/
5426:/
5029:e
5022:t
5015:v
4304:e
4297:t
4290:v
2831:)
2827:(
2736:e
2729:t
2722:v
2660:.
2585:.
2567:—
2540:.
2507:.
2486:.
2467:.
2403:.
2359::
2353:7
2342:—
2338:.
2315:9
2304:.
2283:.
2279::
2273:8
2262:.
2258::
2252:3
2241:.
2206::
2180:.
2151:.
2036::
2030:3
2001:.
1989::
1931::
1720:.
1695:.
1671:.
1646:.
1593::
1566:.
1482:.
1451:.
1407:.
735:(
693:(
476:(
337:e
330:t
323:v
46:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
