81:
268:
190:
understand the camera's representation of print jobs. When that camera knows how to talk to the printer, the printer will use HNP to switch to the device role, with the camera becoming the host so pictures stored on the camera can be printed out without reconnecting the cables. The new OTG protocols cannot pass through a standard USB hub since they are based on electrical signaling via a dedicated wire.
473:
360:
22:
178:
USB port to determine whether there is another device attached, a dangling cable, or no cable. When a large enough change in capacitance is detected to indicate device attachment, an A-device will provide power to the USB bus and look for device connection. At the same time, a B-device will generate SRP (see below) and wait for the USB bus to become powered.
199:
order to maintain backwards compatibility. SuperSpeed OTG devices (SS-OTG) are required to support RSP. SuperSpeed
Peripheral Capable OTG devices (SSPC-OTG) are not required to support RSP since they can only operate at SuperSpeed as a peripheral; they have no SuperSpeed host and so can only role swap using HNP at USB 2.0 data rates.
110:(the host's software enables or does the needed data-handling such as file managing or other desired kind of data communication or function). That allows the devices to be greatly simplified compared to the host; for example, a mouse contains very little logic and relies on the host to do almost all of the work. The host controls all
30:
177:
Attach
Detection Protocol (ADP): Allows an OTG device, embedded host or USB device to determine attachment status in the absence of power on the USB bus, enabling both insertion-based behavior and the capability to display attachment status. It does so by periodically measuring the capacitance on the
118:
While the host-device arrangement works for some devices, many devices can act either as host or as device depending on what else shares the bus. For instance, a computer printer is normally a device, but when a USB flash drive containing images is plugged into the printer's USB port with no computer
198:
Role Swap
Protocol (RSP): RSP achieves the same purpose as HNP (i.e., role swapping) by extending standard mechanisms provided by the USB 3.0 specification. Products following the USB OTG and Embedded Host Supplement to the USB 3.0 specification are also required to follow the USB 2.0 supplement in
122:
USB OTG recognizes that a device can perform both Host and
Peripheral roles, and so subtly changes the terminology. With OTG, a device can be either a host when acting as a link host, or a link peripheral. The choice between host and peripheral roles is handled entirely by which end of the cable the
68:
USB defines two roles for devices: device and device, specifying which side supplies power to the link, and which initially is the host. The device is a power supplier, and an device is a power consumer. In the default link configuration, the A-device acts as a USB host with the B-device acting as a
305:
An OTG cable has a micro-A plug on one end, and a micro-B plug on the other end (it cannot have two plugs of the same type). OTG adds a fifth pin to the standard USB connector, called the ID-pin; the micro-A plug has the ID pin grounded, while the ID in the micro-B plug is floating. A device with a
285:
in later revisions (Revision 1.4 onwards). It can accept either a mini-A plug or a mini-B plug, while mini-A adapters allows connection to standard-A USB cables coming from peripherals. The standard OTG cable has a mini-A plug on one end and a mini-B plug on the other end (it can not have two plugs
271:
Standard, mini, and micro USB plugs (not to scale). The white areas in the drawings represent hollow spaces. As the plugs are shown here, the USB logo (with optional letter A or B) is on the top of the overmold in all cases. Pin numbering (looking into receptacles) is mirrored from plugs, such that
185:
Host
Negotiation Protocol (HNP): Allows the two devices to exchange their host/peripheral roles, provided both are OTG dual-role devices. By using HNP for reversing host/peripheral roles, the USB OTG device is capable of acquiring control of data-transfer scheduling. Thus, any OTG device is capable
434:
USB OTG devices are backward-compatible with USB 2.0 (USB 3.0 for SuperSpeed OTG devices) and will behave as standard USB hosts or devices when connected to standard (non-OTG) USB devices. The main exception is that OTG hosts are only required to provide enough power for the products listed on the
301:
With the introduction of the USB micro plug, a new plug receptacle called micro-AB was also introduced. It can accept either a micro-A plug or a micro-B plug. Micro-A adapters allow for connection to standard-A plugs, as used on fixed or standard devices. An OTG product must have a single micro-AB
258:
A manufacturer's targeted peripheral list (TPL) serves the aim of focusing a host device towards particular products or applications, rather than toward its functioning as a general-purpose host, as is the case for typical PCs. The TPL specifies products supported by the "targeting" host, defining
181:
Session
Request Protocol (SRP): Allows both communicating devices to control when the link's power session is active; in standard USB, only the host is capable of doing so. That allows fine control over the power consumption, which is very important for battery-operated devices such as cameras and
102:
acts as a
Peripheral. If implementing standard USB, devices must assume one role or the other, with computers generally set up as hosts, while (for example) printers normally function as a Peripheral. In the absence of USB OTG, cell phones often implemented Peripheral functionality to allow easy
33:
Non-compliant USB On-The-Go adapter for a defective Some products were made with defective ports that do not accept Micro-A plugs. Instead, they were designed to accept Micro-AB plugs, which are similar to Micro-A plugs but have a different shell. This means that Micro-A plugs cannot be inserted
375:
plugs for modern devices). When an OTG-enabled device is attached to a USB device, such as a flash drive, the device must either end in the appropriate connection for the device, or the user must supply an appropriate adapter ending in USB-A. The adapter enables any standard USB peripheral to be
182:
mobile phones. The OTG or embedded host can leave the USB link unpowered until the peripheral (which can be an OTG or standard USB device) requires power. OTG and embedded hosts typically have little battery power to spare, so leaving the USB link unpowered helps in extending the battery runtime.
126:
After initial startup, setup for the bus operates as it does with the normal USB standard, with the A-device setting up the B-device and managing all communications. However, when the same A-device is plugged into another USB system or a dedicated host becomes available, it can become a device.
189:
The main purpose of HNP is to accommodate users who have connected the A and B devices (see below) in the wrong direction for the task they want to perform. For example, a printer is connected as the A-device (host), but cannot function as the host for a particular camera, since it does not
208:
USB OTG defines two roles for devices: OTG A-device and OTG B-device, specifying which side supplies power to the link, and which initially is the host. The OTG A-device is a power supplier, and an OTG B-device is a power consumer. In the default link configuration, the A-device acts as a
289:
The device with a mini-A plug inserted becomes an OTG A-device, and the device with a mini-B plug inserted becomes a B-device (see above). The type of plug inserted is detected by the state of the ID pin (the mini-A plug's ID pin is grounded, while the mini-B plug's is floating).
350:
USB 3.0 introduced a backwards compatible SuperSpeed extension of the micro-AB receptacle and micro-A and micro-B plugs. They contain all pins of the non-Superspeed micro connectors and use the ID pin to identify the A-device and B-device roles, also adding the SuperSpeed pins.
376:
attached to an OTG device. Attaching two OTG-enabled devices together requires either an adapter in conjunction with the device's USB-A cable, or an appropriate dual-sided cable and a software implementation to manage it. This is becoming commonplace with USB Type-C devices.
425:
In many of the above implementations, the host device has only a micro-B receptacle rather than a micro-AB receptacle. Although non-standard, micro-B to micro-A receptacle adapters are widely available and used in place of the mandated micro-AB receptacle on these devices.
57:
to be attached to them. Use of USB allows devices to switch back and forth between the roles of host and device. For example, a smartphone may read from removable media as the host device, but present itself as a USB Mass
Storage Device when connected to a host computer.
114:
over the bus, with the devices capable only of signalling (when polled) that they require attention. To transfer data between two devices, for example from a phone to a printer, the host first reads the data from one device, then writes it to the other.
460:
Some devices can use their USB ports to charge built-in batteries, while other devices can detect a dedicated charger and draw more than 500 mA (0.5 A), allowing them to charge more rapidly. OTG devices are allowed to use either option.
213:
with the B-device acting as a USB peripheral. The host and peripheral modes may be exchanged later by using HNP or RSP. Because every OTG controller supports both roles, they are often called "Dual-Role" controllers rather than "OTG controllers".
186:
of initiating data-transfer over USB OTG bus. The latest version of the supplement also introduced HNP polling, in which the host device periodically polls the peripheral during an active session to determine whether it wishes to become a host.
417:
Specifications listed on technology web sites (such as GSMArena, PDAdb.net, PhoneScoop, and others) can help determine compatibility. Using GSMArena as an example, one would locate the page for a given device, and examine the verbiage under
391:
handset). Nokia has implemented USB OTG in many of their
Symbian cellphones such as Nokia N8, C6-01, C7, Oro, E6, E7, X7, 603, 700, 701 and 808 Pureview. Some high-end Android phones produced by HTC, and Sony under
123:
device is connected to. The device connected to the "A" end of the cable at start-up, known as the "A-device", acts as the default host, while the "B" end acts as the default peripheral, known as the "B-device".
259:
what it needs to support, including the output power, transfer speeds, supported protocols, and device classes. It applies to all targeted hosts, including both OTG devices acting as a host and embedded hosts.
34:
into these ports. To address this issue, an adapter was created that has a Micro-A plug that is shaped like a Micro-B plug. This adapter can be used to connect devices with Micro-A plugs to the defective port.
249:
Also, most gadgets must be either a host or a device. OTG hardware design merges all of the controllers into one dual-role controller that is somewhat more complex than an individual device controller.
442:
Some incompatibilities in both HNP and SRP were introduced between the 1.3 and 2.0 versions of the OTG supplement, which can lead to interoperability issues when using those protocol versions.
775:
61:
USB OTG introduces the concept of a device performing both Host and
Peripheral roles – whenever two USB devices are connected and one of them is a USB device, they establish a
119:
present (or at least turned off), it would be useful for the printer to take on the role of host, allowing it to communicate with the flash drive directly and to print images from it.
103:
transfer of data to and from computers. Such phones could not readily be connected to printers as they also implemented the peripheral role. USB OTG directly addresses this issue.
306:
micro-A plug inserted becomes an OTG A-device, and a device with a micro-B plug inserted becomes a B-device. The type of plug inserted is detected by the state of the pin ID.
925:
715:
134:, but it describes host-peripheral role swapping only for the case of a one-to-one connection where two OTG devices are directly connected. Role swapping does
805:
767:
685:
603:
150:(USB) 2.0 specification originally agreed upon in late 2001 and later revised. The latest version of the supplement also defines behavior for an
486:
439:
may sidestep the issue, if supported, since it will then provide its own power according to either the USB 2.0 or USB 3.0 specifications.
451:
857:
831:
972:
917:
1153:
502:
455:
1163:
157:
SuperSpeed OTG devices, Embedded Hosts and peripherals are supported through the USB OTG and Embedded Host Supplement to the
525:
1124:
1008:
585:
322:
367:
When an OTG-enabled device is connected to a PC, it uses its own USB-A or USB Type-C cable (typically ending in micro-B,
138:
work through a standard hub, as one device will act as a host and the other as a peripheral until they are disconnected.
194:
The USB OTG and Embedded Host Supplement to the USB 3.0 specification introduces an additional communication protocol:
491:
551:
397:
221:(IC) designers, an attractive feature of USB OTG is the ability to achieve more USB capabilities with fewer gates.
89:
1189:
497:
405:
69:
USB peripheral. The host and peripheral modes may be exchanged later by using Host Negotiation Protocol (HNP).
106:
When a device is plugged into the USB bus, the host device sets up communications with the device and handles
711:
797:
1158:
1029:
745:
689:
422:. If "USB Host" is shown, the device should be capable of supporting OTG-type external USB accessories.
336:(not providing power) are attached. The OTG device is allowed to charge and initiate SRP but not connect.
293:
Pure mini-A receptacles also exist, used where a compact host port is needed, but OTG is not supported.
1230:
372:
343:(is providing power) are attached. The OTG device is allowed to charge and connect but not initiate SRP.
629:
On-The-Go and Embedded Host Supplement to the USB Revision 2.0 Specification, Revision 2.0 version 1.1a
552:"On-The-Go and Embedded Host Supplement to the USB 2.0 Specification, Revision 2.0 plus ECN and errata"
881:
170:
158:
147:
107:
768:"Samsung Galaxy S II Able To Use Standard USB OTG Cable For USB On-The-Go Access - TalkAndroid.com"
650:
624:
478:
218:
62:
65:. The device controlling the link is called the Host, while the other is called the Peripheral.
900:
346:
A charger and a B-device are attached. The OTG device is allowed to charge and enter host mode.
325:
that allows the OTG device to be attached to both a charger and another device simultaneously.
281:
The original USB OTG standard introduced a plug receptacle called mini-AB that was replaced by
224:
A "traditional" approach includes four controllers, resulting in more gates to test and debug:
1215:
1210:
1146:
1141:
1001:
435:
TPL, which may or may not be enough to connect to a peripheral that is not listed. A powered
604:"On-The-Go and Embedded Host Supplement to the USB Revision 3.0 Specification, Revision 1.1"
853:
169:
The USB OTG and Embedded Host Supplement to the USB 2.0 specification introduced three new
1129:
904:
885:
46:
827:
1220:
388:
282:
80:
981:
Refers to two apps, to verify OTG compatibility, and to overcome (root) and enable OTG
1255:
1179:
1134:
384:
111:
1261:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1036:
994:
828:"Android Issue 738: I hope Android will implement and support the USB host feature"
267:
655:
Universal Serial Bus Micro-USB Cables and Connectors Specification, Revision 1.01
245:
Fourth controller to switch the OTG root port between host and device controllers
581:
472:
359:
309:
Three additional ID pin states are defined at the nominal resistance values of
1235:
1194:
468:
50:
45:) is a specification first used in late 2001 that allows USB devices, such as
712:"KB34983-Support for USB Embedded Host mode on BlackBerry 10 OS version 10.2"
154:
which has targeted abilities and the same USB Standard-A port used by PCs.
21:
210:
151:
93:
559:
1225:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
436:
411:
321:, with respect to the ground pin. These permit the device to work with
131:
959:
1240:
1184:
393:
332:
A charger and either no device or an A-device that is not asserting V
973:"How to tell if your Android phone or tablet supports USB On-The-Go"
72:
The wiring for the ID pin defines the initial role of each device.
29:
1096:
368:
358:
266:
79:
28:
20:
1101:
951:
236:
229:
990:
737:
400:
version 3.1 or newer supports USB OTG, but not on all devices.
1116:
1017:
54:
798:"Xperia S USB OTG demonstrated [Video] - Xperia Blog"
688:. USB Implementers Forum, Inc. 15 April 2009. Archived from
878:
242:
USB device controller, supporting both high and full speeds
986:
98:
acts as the Host device for the entire bus, and a USB
1203:
1172:
1115:
1069:
897:
272:pin 1 on plug connects to pin 1 on the receptacle.
651:"Universal Serial Bus Revision 2.0 specification"
625:"Universal Serial Bus Revision 2.0 specification"
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
1002:
339:A charger and an A-device that is asserting V
328:These three states are used in the cases of:
84:A USB OTG setup involving a number of devices
8:
918:"Are Micro A USB plugs actually ever used?"
657:. USB Implementers Forum, Inc. 4 April 2007
631:. USB Implementers Forum, Inc. 27 July 2012
494:, which repurposes the USB on-the-go ID pin
1009:
995:
987:
302:receptacle and no other USB receptacles.
619:
617:
146:USB OTG is a part of a supplement to the
235:Full/low speed host controller based on
228:USB high speed host controller based on
53:, to also act as a host, allowing other
513:
363:USB OTG adapters, hubs and card readers
928:from the original on 10 September 2022
860:from the original on 30 September 2011
856:. developer.android.com. 30 May 2013.
778:from the original on 10 September 2022
487:Android Open Accessory Development Kit
922:Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange
808:from the original on 5 September 2013
586:"USB-On-the-Go-Specification Settled"
387:.2 implements Host Mode (like in the
7:
519:
517:
380:Smartphone and tablet implementation
748:from the original on 6 October 2014
718:from the original on 9 January 2020
524:Koeman, Kosta (22 November 2001).
452:USB Battery Charging Specification
130:USB OTG does not preclude using a
14:
971:Broida, Rick (5 February 2014).
834:from the original on 9 June 2013
686:"Battery Charging Specification"
503:USB human interface device class
471:
456:USB Power Delivery Specification
854:"USB Host – Android Developers"
558:. 14 July 2011. Archived from
323:USB Accessory Charger Adapters
254:Targeted peripheral list (TPL)
1:
526:"Understanding USB On-The-Go"
396:series also have it. Samsung
16:Specification for USB devices
420:Specifications → Comms → USB
239:(another register interface)
492:Mobile High-Definition Link
1278:
738:"USB On the Go - HTC Blog"
449:
410:Needs external USB-power:
1024:
884:16 September 2017 at the
1190:USB flash drive security
879:http://www.gsmarena.com/
498:Mobile phone accessories
406:Sony Ericsson Xperia pro
171:communication protocols
1030:USB Implementers Forum
960:"USB OTG Flash Drives"
903:10 August 2006 at the
430:Backward compatibility
364:
273:
232:(a register interface)
85:
35:
26:
25:The USB On-The-Go logo
446:Charger compatibility
362:
270:
83:
32:
24:
148:Universal Serial Bus
108:service provisioning
88:Standard USB uses a
772:www.talkandroid.com
286:of the same type).
161:3.0 specification.
802:www.xperiablog.net
479:Electronics portal
365:
274:
219:integrated circuit
86:
63:communication link
36:
27:
1249:
1248:
1216:Ethernet over USB
1211:Enhanced mini-USB
1269:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1011:
1004:
997:
988:
983:
967:
955:
954:
952:Official website
938:
937:
935:
933:
914:
908:
898:http://pdadb.net
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867:
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850:
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839:
824:
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804:. 9 March 2012.
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541:
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481:
476:
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412:Motorola Droid 4
355:OTG micro cables
320:
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92:architecture; a
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1268:
1267:
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1199:
1168:
1154:Human interface
1111:
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1056:
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1042:
1035:
1028:
1020:
1015:
970:
958:
950:
949:
946:
941:
931:
929:
916:
915:
911:
905:Wayback Machine
896:
892:
886:Wayback Machine
877:
873:
863:
861:
852:
851:
847:
837:
835:
830:. 30 May 2008.
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811:
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774:. 13 May 2011.
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736:
735:
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721:
719:
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705:
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692:on 4 March 2016
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610:. May 10, 2012.
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450:Main articles:
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297:OTG micro plugs
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1231:Serial adapter
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1164:Communications
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1117:Device classes
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389:BlackBerry Z30
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1180:Juice jacking
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1107:USB On-The-Go
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1125:Mass storage
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930:. Retrieved
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752:30 September
750:. Retrieved
742:blog.htc.com
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696:23 September
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690:the original
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582:Heise, Heinz
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560:the original
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1130:Flash drive
722:12 November
90:host/device
51:smartphones
1236:PoweredUSB
1221:Decoration
1195:USB killer
1044:connectors
509:References
1135:FlashCard
932:13 August
907:PDAdb.net
373:Lightning
165:Protocols
1256:Category
1173:Security
1070:Versions
1037:Hardware
964:Kingston
926:Archived
901:Archived
888:GSMArena
882:Archived
858:Archived
832:Archived
806:Archived
776:Archived
746:Archived
716:Archived
590:Heise.de
465:See also
283:micro-AB
211:USB host
76:Overview
1051:cabling
661:26 June
635:26 June
608:USB.org
566:18 July
556:USB.org
536:20 June
530:edn.com
437:USB hub
398:Android
319:36.5 kΩ
132:USB hub
47:tablets
1241:WebUSB
1185:BadUSB
864:30 May
838:30 May
394:Xperia
317:, and
311:124 kΩ
100:device
1204:Other
1159:Video
1097:USB-C
1058:power
532:. EDN
369:USB-C
315:68 kΩ
1142:UASP
1102:USB4
977:CNet
934:2020
866:2013
840:2013
814:2013
784:2013
754:2014
724:2013
698:2009
663:2017
637:2017
568:2005
538:2017
454:and
263:Plug
237:OHCI
230:EHCI
217:For
95:host
1262:USB
1226:Hub
1147:SSD
1092:3.0
1087:2.0
1082:1.1
1077:1.0
1018:USB
371:or
341:BUS
334:BUS
159:USB
136:not
55:USB
49:or
43:USB
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
