2282:
189:
316:
183:
75:
1312:
difficulty with getting some of the explosive charges to detonate hampered some of the experimental program. In April 1924, the Coast and
Geodetic Survey concluded that both echo sounding and radio acoustic ranging were fundamentally sound, with no foundational problems left to solve, and that all that remained necessary was continued development and refinement of both techniques during their operational use. Heck turned over continued development of echo sounding and radio acoustic ranging to
2247:
1861:
3533:
3545:
3528:
54:
1058:
1762:
1283:
levels. She also compared echo sounder soundings with those made by lead lines, discovering that using a single speed of sound through water, as had been the previous practice by those conducting echo sounding experiments, yielded acoustic depth-finding results that did not match the depths found by
1311:
then conducted experiments off the coast of
California during the early months of 1924 that demonstrated that accurate echo sounding was possible using the new formulas. Experiments with radio acoustic ranging, despite initial difficulties, demonstrated that the method also was practical, although
1270:
made history during the voyage, becoming the first Coast and
Geodetic Survey ship to use echo sounding to measure and record the depth of the sea at points along her course; she also measured water temperatures and took water samples so that the Scripps Institution for Biological Research (now the
3589:
1284:
lead lines. She transited the Panama Canal on 8 December 1923. Before she reached San Diego later in
December 1923, she had accumulated much data beneficial to the study of the movement of sound waves through water and measuring their velocity under varying conditions of salinity,
983:, on 7 September 1919. She subsequently participated in the final sweep of the mine barrage – the climactic sweep which detonated five mines, cut loose 47, and destroyed 50 – into late September 1919. Once the arduous and dangerous job was complete,
861:
then performed tug duty at
Kirkwallcbetween 25 June and 7 July 1919. On 11 July 1919, she departed to assist in clearing Group 11 of the mine barrage in the second phase of the fourth clearance operation conducted by the Minesweeping Detachment.
1335:(382 km) between the ranging explosion and the remote hydrophones detecting its sound and in the process achieved the first observed indication of the ocean sound layer that was later called the
1174:, a new concept involving a method for determining a ship′s precise location at sea by detonating an explosive charge underwater near the ship, detecting the arrival of the underwater sound waves at
3584:
1299:
personnel in consultation with the
Scripps Institution developed formulas that allowed accurate echo sounding of depths in all but the shallowest waters and installed hydrophones at La Jolla and
3604:
3599:
3579:
2367:
1838:
1628:
subsequently operated out of San Diego and San Pedro through the end of World War II in mid-August 1945. She performed tug and tow services for ships ranging in size from
1725:
Theberge, Alfred E., "System
Without Fixed Points: Development of the Radio-Acoustic Ranging Navigation Technique (Part 1)," hydro-international.com, December 2, 2009.
1211:, that demonstrated that shipboard recording of the time of an explosion could be performed accurately enough for his radio acoustic ranging concept to work, Heck had
1670:
was returned to Navy custody by the
Merritt, Chapman, and Scott salvage firm. On 17 March 1953, she was authorized for disposal, and her name was struck from the
3569:
1187:
869:
anchored for the night, as was usual practice, to the north of the minefield. During the ensuing evening hours, strong winds and currents caused herto drag her
1331:
became the first ship to employ radio acoustic ranging operationally. While off Oregon that year, she successfully employed the technique at a distance of 206
1193:, took charge of that development process. Both echo sounding and radio acoustic ranging required a precise understanding of the speed of sound through water.
2693:
1772:
3594:
2400:
1785:
NavSource.org NavSource Online: Mine
Warfare Vessel Photo Archive USS Viking (ARS-1) ex-USC&GS Guide ex-USS Flamingo (AM-32) ex-Minesweeper No. 32
1227:
both tested her new echo sounder's ability to make accurate depth soundings and conducted radio acoustic ranging experiments in cooperation with the
1735:
1228:
2285:
1831:
1095:
621:
1178:
at remote locations, and radioing the time of arrival of the sound waves at the remote stations to the ship, allowing the ship′s crew to use
1091:
617:
1127:, also former Navy minesweepers, were known as the "Bird Boats" in the Coast and Geodetic Survey because all had been named after birds –
1170:, which the Coast and Geodetic Survey planned to commission into its fleet later that year. It also decided to pursue the development of
3564:
3544:
3540:
1272:
1824:
1046:
operated with the 2nd Mine
Squadron into the autumn of 1920, then was placed in reserve at Portsmouth Navy Yard on 18 November 1920.
3221:
712:
121:
1795:
NOAA History, A Science Odyssey: Hall of Honor: Lifesaving and Protection of Property by the Coast & Geodetic Survey 1845-1937
1231:. Despite many difficulties, testing of both echo sounding and radio acoustic ranging wrapped up successfully in November 1923.
2746:
1484:
636:
2281:
1777:
1674:
on 19 April 1953. She lay at the Naval Supply Depot at San Pedro until sold on 22 July 1953 to Nathan Cohen and Son, Inc., of
1266:, with her route planned to take her over a wide variety of ocean depths so that she could continue to test her echo sounder.
188:
226:
2781:
1465:
2912:
2393:
1640:
2965:
1031:
774:
755:
2572:
2650:
2619:
1540:, which had run aground off San Diego, towing them both back to port for repairs. According to her movement reports,
1429:
of various types, and cast a wide net in looking for them. One of the ships identified for transfer to the Navy was
1114:
287:
1102:
on 5 May 1922. Turned over to the Coast and Geodetic Survey at Portsmouth Navy Yard on 23 January 1923 for use as a
3536:
3532:
3527:
3523:
3293:
3103:
2954:
2487:
2415:
1555:
1039:
1030:. She arrived on 28 November 1919 and soon commenced an overhaul. Assigned to the 1st Division, 2nd Mine Squadron,
1724:
3181:
3159:
3097:
3091:
1847:
1551:
1317:
938:
on her return voyage, arriving at Kirkwall on 13 August 1919. Two days later, the minesweeper towed her crippled
877:
weighed anchor to get underway, she discovered that she had drifted into the minefield and had fouled one of the
724:
716:
698:
595:
567:
389:
125:
3510:
3504:
2844:
2560:
2386:
2120:
1652:
1204:
564:
1121:
1061:
762:, New York, on 29 March 1919. The minesweeper performed various towing jobs and carried stores locally in the
294:
835:
based at North Sea ports. By 1919, however, the barrage merely hampered the resumption of peaceful commerce.
3335:
2337:
2258:
1675:
1461:
1239:
1216:
767:
253:
1162:
By January 1923, the Coast and Geodetic Survey had decided to install a Hayes sonic rangefinder – an early
3367:
2134:
2050:
1648:
1480:
1171:
824:
554:
237:
3315:
2582:
2566:
2211:
2155:
1987:
1578:
1300:
1251:
847:
792:
263:
474:
3398:
3129:
3119:
2802:
2682:
2015:
1633:
1563:
1373:
1276:
1190:
1099:
1072:
1019:
898:
803:, Scotland, on 5 June 1919 to begin her tour of duty with the United States Minesweeping Detachment,
1388:
until 5 June 1927, pumped water into the schooner, and helped retard the fire sufficiently to allow
3574:
3273:
3013:
2974:
2816:
2589:
2225:
2204:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2148:
2127:
2106:
2085:
2064:
2029:
1917:
1794:
1518:
1491:
1343:
1076:
942:
846:, Scotland, and returned to her base in the evening carrying supplies for the detachment flagship,
843:
644:
557:
439:
1790:
NOAA History, A Science Odyssey: Tools of the Trade: Ships: Coast and Geodetic Survey Ships: Guide
1581:, California, for a refit. She returned to San Diego later in November 1944. On 31 December 1944,
3325:
2985:
2725:
2639:
2315:
2252:
2197:
2162:
2078:
2071:
2008:
2001:
1966:
1910:
1903:
1882:
1866:
1377:
1152:
976:
894:
800:
763:
747:
743:
728:
704:
605:
342:
111:
2718:
2456:
3441:
3201:
3139:
3006:
2788:
2517:
2507:
2467:
2218:
2043:
1980:
1945:
1931:
1924:
1609:
1597:
1113:, first Coast and Geodetic Survey ship of the name, on 1 March 1923. She and the survey ships
766:
into the spring of 1919. On 10 April 1919, she suffered damage in a collision with an unnamed
1425:
began in Europe following the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939. The Navy needed
1207:
was completed in 1923. After Heck oversaw tests at Coast and Geodetic Survey headquarters in
926:
was ready to return to the base at Kirkwall by early August 1919. She transported a cargo of
3590:
Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
3482:
3452:
3353:
3283:
3038:
3031:
2893:
2739:
2628:
2600:
2378:
2113:
2092:
2057:
2022:
1938:
1896:
1433:, and, on 27 June 1941, she was transferred from the Coast and Geodetic Survey to the Navy.
1426:
1208:
1183:
1000:
964:
854:
808:
751:
538:
3462:
3242:
2732:
2301:
2141:
1713:
1586:
1559:
1510:
1140:
1087:
963:
resumed her minesweeper duties with the detachment, working out of the Norwegian ports of
1505:
Manned by a civilian crew and operated from San Diego by the Merritt, Chapman, and Scott
39:
3081:
2858:
2851:
2774:
1889:
1632:
to tank landing ships into the 1950s. In December 1949, she aided the grounded steamer
1506:
1442:
1389:
1023:
992:
882:
788:
17:
1736:
hydro-international.com The Discovery of Long-Distance Sound Transmission in the Ocean
53:
3558:
3378:
3360:
3304:
2823:
2447:
1768:
1336:
1332:
1304:
1179:
1103:
996:
949:
812:
796:
759:
632:
193:
1622:
suffered damage from heavy seas and put into San Diego for repairs soon thereafter.
1562:, Mexico, to perform emergency salvage operations under the aegis of the Commander,
3472:
3109:
3056:
3045:
2996:
2872:
2830:
2795:
2549:
1973:
1529:
1495:
1487:
1422:
1411:
1404:
1263:
1163:
656:
648:
435:
31:
2809:
1421:
in the late 1930s, the U.S. Navy expanded to meet the emergency, especially after
1806:
1784:
1362:
assisted mariners in distress. On 3 June 1927, she came to the assistance of the
873:. She slowly worked southward from her original position. The next morning, when
3388:
3231:
2922:
2711:
2671:
2425:
2291:
1872:
1612:
1289:
1259:
1243:
1220:
1200:
1038:
received the classification AM-32 on 17 July 1920, as the U.S. Navy adopted its
939:
913:
828:
739:
708:
609:
601:
579:
492:
454:
284:
257:
1789:
3492:
3431:
3191:
2837:
2704:
2697:
2528:
2232:
1959:
1952:
1589:
1355:
1350:
performed Coast and Geodetic Survey duties for over 17 years. In company with
1255:
1175:
878:
720:
672:
640:
267:
129:
43:
1816:
1714:
NOAA History: The Start of the Acoustic Work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey
3346:
2607:
2169:
1994:
1671:
1629:
1601:
1418:
1247:
1057:
972:
968:
902:
832:
804:
613:
477:
241:
35:
1475:, third U.S. Navy ship of the name, on 5 August 1941 and classified her as
987:
departed Kirkwall on 1 October 1919 and, after a voyage which took her via
1292:, information essential both to depth-finding and radio acoustic ranging.
3253:
3211:
3149:
3024:
2900:
2539:
2497:
2477:
2436:
2036:
1659:
1366:
1280:
988:
542:
101:
1544:
appears to have spent an uneventful autumn and winter at her home port.
1509:
firm – a civilian company working under a contract let by the U.S. Navy
3420:
3170:
3074:
3067:
2943:
2932:
2886:
2879:
2865:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2660:
1285:
1008:
917:
770:
560:
1363:
1324:
1004:
980:
931:
890:
870:
777:, Staten Island. Shifting to the New York Navy Yard soon thereafter,
442:
1468:
in San Diego. During the reconfiguration, the Navy renamed the ship
1090:
of 25 March 1922 authorized the Navy to transfer the vessel to the
1400:
1056:
1027:
927:
616:, the ship was laid up until 1922 when she was transferred to the
215:
1018:
was underway five days later, on 25 November 1919, bound for the
2382:
1820:
218:, a person who leads anyone through unknown or unmapped country
503:
831:, the barrier had served as a formidable obstacle for German
1600:. There, the two vessels joined the rescue and salvage ship
1320:
Robert Luce, and returned to his duties in Washington, D.C.
901:, and dished in the ship's stern plating in several places.
881:
in her anchor cable. The mine was trailing just beneath the
1358:
surveys on the U.S. West Coast. On more than one occasion,
1011:, eventually arrived at Tompkinsville on 20 November 1919.
1751:. No. 44600. London. 6 June 1927. col G, p. 18.
1014:
The pause at Tompkinsville was a brief one, however, for
827:. Laid by the U.S. Navy after the United States entered
1441:
An underwater geographic feature of the Pacific Ocean,
1403:. On 4 February 1933, she rendered assistance to the
1307:
with radio acoustic ranging. Under Heck's direction,
1086:
remained inactive for almost a year a half before an
952:, England, for drydocking and repairs in the wake of
3585:
Ships of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
1494:
on 7 December 1941, plunging the United States into
787:
departed Tompkinsville on 18 May 1919 bound for the
3264:
2414:
2279:
2243:
1857:
1502:was pronounced ready for duty on 12 February 1942.
1460:On 25 July 1941, work to convert the vessel into a
655:was transferred back to the Navy, converted into a
3605:Rescue and salvage ships of the United States Navy
639:for 17 years, making significant contributions to
612:. After service overseas clearing mines after the
3600:World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
1608:in unsuccessful attempts to refloat the grounded
889:′s stern. The underwater blast badly damaged the
1678:, California. She was scrapped soon thereafter.
1554:, California, briefly in January 1943, en route
1479:. While the alterations were still in progress,
1666:as salvage vessel for the 11th Naval District,
1410:, which had broken down with engine trouble in
908:(Minesweeper No. 17) lent assistance and towed
2368:List of minesweepers of the United States Navy
1303:, California, to allow experimentation in the
842:transported officers and men from Kirkwall to
3580:World War I minesweepers of the United States
2394:
1832:
1655:, California, as well as the San Diego area.
1188:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps
713:New Jersey Drydock and Transportation Company
675:until 1953, when she was sold for scrapping.
122:New Jersey Drydock and Transportation Company
8:
865:The first days were uneventful. On 15 July,
2694:Scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow
1773:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
1566:. Returning to San Diego in February 1943,
735:, Minesweeper No. 32, on 12 February 1919.
300:collectively were known as the "Bird Boats"
2401:
2387:
2379:
1839:
1825:
1817:
1445:off the coast of California, is named for
1040:modern system of alphanumeric hull numbers
2409:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1919
1234:In late November 1923, with Heck aboard,
781:began fitting out for "distant service."
1767:This article incorporates text from the
1658:Relieved by the rescue and salvage ship
1337:sound fixing and ranging (SOFAR) channel
1229:United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
30:For other ships with the same name, see
2286:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1585:departed San Diego in company with the
1498:. Placed in service on 3 January 1942,
1096:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
622:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
1295:Upon arriving in California, Heck and
484:General characteristics as survey ship
381:General characteristics as minesweeper
48:
1466:San Diego Marine Construction Company
671:, she worked primarily from bases in
312:
308:Transferred to U.S. Navy 27 June 1941
179:
71:
27:Minesweeper of the United States Navy
7:
3570:Ships built in Elizabeth, New Jersey
1639:off the south point of California′s
1092:United States Department of Commerce
823:participated in the clearing of the
618:United States Department of Commerce
1273:Scripps Institution of Oceanography
418:35 ft 6 in (10.82 m)
1417:As tensions mounted in Europe and
1342:Based at San Diego and conducting
1182:to determine the ship′s position.
25:
3595:Survey ships of the United States
975:before returning to Kirkwall via
885:of the ship and exploded beneath
3543:
3531:
3526:
2280:
2245:
1859:
1760:
1618:. During the salvage operation,
376:Sold for scrapping, 22 July 1953
314:
187:
181:
73:
52:
773:, and she underwent repairs at
637:West Coast of the United States
434:Triple expansion reciprocating
227:U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey
173:U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey
1:
1776:. The entry can be found
1528:assisted two U.S. Navy local
1339:or deep sound channel (DSC).
920:and repairs on 17 July 1919.
1647:area of operations embraced
1279:, California, could measure
1032:United States Atlantic Fleet
1524:Between 3 and 6 July 1942,
1354:, she conducted many early
513:187.8 ft (57.2 m)
457:(26 km/h; 16 mph)
3621:
3565:Lapwing-class minesweepers
1813:at NavSource Naval History
1570:operated there into 1944.
1098:, and she accordingly was
711:on 18 October 1917 by the
521:35.5 ft (10.8 m)
29:
3521:
2363:
2349:
2326:
1346:off the U.S. West Coast,
1159:– while in Navy service.
631:, the ship operated as a
568:vertical triple expansion
483:
426:9 ft (2.7 m)9½"
380:
175:23 January 1923
66:
51:
3451:October (unknown date):
3377:Jun (unknown date): USS
2259:rescue and salvage ships
1205:United States East Coast
1203:as a survey ship on the
948:(Minesweeper No. 27) to
565:Harlan and Hollingsworth
529:9.8 ft (3.0 m)
236:23 January 1923 by U.S.
1462:rescue and salvage ship
1372:, which was on fire at
1223:. Under his direction,
1106:, the ship was renamed
807:. Along with U.S. Navy
768:Panama Railroad Company
754:, and later shifted to
410:180 ft (55 m)
18:USC&GS Guide (1918)
2617:April (unknown date):
1481:Imperial Japanese Navy
1316:s commanding officer,
1172:radio acoustic ranging
1080:
825:North Sea Mine Barrage
727:on 24 August 1918 and
645:hydrographic surveying
238:Department of Commerce
3162:Kaiser Franz Joseph I
1199:′s conversion to and
1060:
819:-class minesweepers,
3430:Sep (unknown date):
2921:Jun (unknown date):
2847:Prinzregent Luitpold
2749:Friedrich der Grosse
1747:"Casualty reports".
1573:On 27 October 1944,
1564:Western Sea Frontier
1517:was assigned to the
1344:hydrographic surveys
1246:, bound for her new
1020:Portsmouth Navy Yard
811:, chartered British
558:Babcock & Wilcox
440:Babcock & Wilcox
2914:Duchess of Richmond
1851:-class minesweepers
1519:11th Naval District
1077:Territory of Alaska
956:′s mining in July.
2253:United States Navy
1867:United States Navy
1081:
1034:, on 1 July 1920,
764:3rd Naval District
744:New York Navy Yard
606:United States Navy
393:-class minesweeper
343:United States Navy
240:via transfer from
112:United States Navy
3552:
3551:
3401:Edward Luckenbach
2826:Kronprinz Wilhelm
2620:Borets za Svobodu
2376:
2375:
2295:
2262:
1876:
1641:Santa Rosa Island
1610:tank landing ship
1598:Clipperton Island
1427:auxiliary vessels
959:Later in August,
838:On 23 June 1919,
809:submarine chasers
799:, she arrived at
791:. Proceeding via
585:
584:
570:engine; one shaft
16:(Redirected from
3612:
3547:
3535:
3530:
3514:
3511:Submarine No. 20
3505:Submarine No. 19
3498:
3487:
3477:
3467:
3457:
3447:
3436:
3426:
3415:
3404:
3393:
3383:
3373:
3341:
3330:
3320:
3310:
3299:
3288:
3278:
3275:Northern Pacific
3257:
3247:
3237:
3226:
3216:
3206:
3196:
3186:
3176:
3165:
3154:
3144:
3134:
3124:
3121:August Helmerich
3114:
3086:
3062:
3051:
3019:
3001:
2991:
2980:
2969:
2959:
2949:
2938:
2927:
2917:
2907:
2906:
2784:Grosser Kurfürst
2687:
2677:
2666:
2655:
2645:
2634:
2623:
2613:
2595:
2577:
2555:
2544:
2534:
2523:
2512:
2502:
2492:
2482:
2472:
2462:
2451:
2441:
2431:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2380:
2289:
2284:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2248:
1870:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1818:
1764:
1763:
1753:
1752:
1744:
1738:
1733:
1727:
1722:
1716:
1711:
1398:
1209:Washington, D.C.
1184:Nicholas H. Heck
1003:, Portugal; the
916:, Scotland, for
855:Destroyer Tender
651:. In June 1941,
608:near the end of
539:shaft horsepower
322:
319:
318:
317:
196:
191:
186:
185:
184:
155:12 February 1919
81:
78:
77:
76:
56:
49:
40:USC&GS Guide
21:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3539:
3517:
3501:
3490:
3480:
3470:
3460:
3450:
3439:
3429:
3418:
3407:
3396:
3386:
3376:
3344:
3333:
3323:
3313:
3302:
3291:
3281:
3271:
3265:Other incidents
3260:
3250:
3240:
3229:
3219:
3209:
3199:
3189:
3179:
3168:
3157:
3147:
3137:
3127:
3117:
3089:
3065:
3054:
3022:
3004:
2994:
2983:
2972:
2962:
2952:
2941:
2930:
2920:
2910:
2692:
2690:
2680:
2669:
2658:
2648:
2637:
2626:
2616:
2598:
2592:Otis W. Douglas
2580:
2558:
2547:
2537:
2526:
2515:
2505:
2495:
2485:
2475:
2465:
2454:
2444:
2434:
2423:
2410:
2407:
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1587:fleet ocean tug
1560:Baja California
1511:Bureau of Ships
1458:
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1396:
1186:(1882–1953), a
1094:for use by the
1088:executive order
1067:and USC&GS
1055:
893:, disabled the
687:
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534:Installed power
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1643:. Eventually,
1606: (ARS-26)
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1414:, California.
1333:nautical miles
1323:Operating off
1100:decommissioned
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3034:Katherine K.
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2437:
2427:
2338:
2331:
2316:
2309:
2308:
2302:
2292:survey ships
2269:
2268:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2122:Whippoorwill
2121:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2099:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1873:minesweepers
1848:
1810:
1775:
1766:
1748:
1742:
1731:
1720:
1667:
1661:
1657:
1653:Port Hueneme
1644:
1636:Aristocratus
1635:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1603:
1591:
1582:
1574:
1572:
1567:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1530:patrol craft
1525:
1523:
1514:
1504:
1499:
1496:World War II
1488:Pearl Harbor
1476:
1471:
1469:
1459:
1454:
1446:
1440:
1430:
1423:World War II
1416:
1412:Monterey Bay
1407:
1405:fishing boat
1394:City of Nome
1393:
1386:City of Nome
1385:
1381:
1370:City of Nome
1369:
1359:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1328:
1322:
1313:
1308:
1296:
1294:
1267:
1264:Panama Canal
1235:
1233:
1224:
1212:
1196:
1195:
1167:
1164:echo sounder
1161:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1107:
1083:
1082:
1073:Dutch Harbor
1068:
1063:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1015:
1013:
984:
960:
958:
953:
944:
935:
923:
922:
909:
904:
886:
874:
866:
864:
858:
849:
839:
837:
820:
816:
784:
783:
778:
736:
732:
729:commissioned
699:
692:
690:
688:
683:
677:
668:
662:
660:
657:salvage ship
652:
649:oceanography
627:
625:
596:
589:
587:
586:
499:Displacement
445:, one shaft.
436:steam engine
399:Displacement
390:
357:Commissioned
352:27 June 1941
331:
296:
289:
285:survey ships
280:
205:
172:
152:Commissioned
90:
59:
32:USS Flamingo
3272:1 Jan: USS
3083:West Arvada
2735:Derfflinger
2518:HNoMS
2459:Erin's Isle
1676:Los Angeles
1577:steamed to
1550:shifted to
1356:bathymetric
1290:temperature
1260:Puerto Rico
1244:Connecticut
1221:Connecticut
1201:fitting out
1176:hydrophones
1122:USC&GS
1115:USC&GS
1108:USC&GS
1062:USC&GS
1050:USC&GS
995:, England;
977:Otters Wick
940:sister ship
914:Invergordon
829:World War I
705:minesweeper
626:USC&GS
610:World War I
602:minesweeper
502:850 to 950
493:Survey ship
295:USC&GS
288:USC&GS
277:Nickname(s)
270:, 1923–1941
258:Connecticut
204:USC&GS
58:USC&GS
3575:1918 ships
3559:Categories
3493:USFS
3380:West Grama
2956:Basilicata
2777:Hindenburg
2559:26 April:
2416:Shipwrecks
2303:Discoverer
2136:Sanderling
2052:Kingfisher
1682:References
1649:Long Beach
1630:destroyers
1596:bound for
1408:Giuseppina
1378:Washington
1256:California
1240:New London
1217:New London
1137:Discoverer
1117:Discoverer
1079:, in 1940.
999:, France;
936:Black Hawk
918:drydocking
850:Black Hawk
833:submarines
740:fitted out
723:. She was
721:New Jersey
689:The first
673:California
641:navigation
635:along the
624:. Renamed
550:Propulsion
478:gun mounts
462:Complement
431:Propulsion
290:Discoverer
268:California
254:New London
163:5 May 1922
130:New Jersey
44:USS Viking
3474:Atle Jarl
3442:HMS
3421:USS
3399:USS
3368:SMS
3363:Frankfurt
3361:SMS
3354:SMS
3347:SMS
3307:Aquitania
3305:RMS
3294:USS
3232:USS
3171:HMS
3160:SMS
3111:Ossifrage
3075:HMS
3068:HMS
3057:USS
3046:USS
3039:USS
3032:USS
3025:USS
3007:USS
2998:Valbanera
2986:HMS
2975:HMS
2944:USS
2933:USS
2901:SMS
2894:SMS
2887:SMS
2880:SMS
2873:SMS
2866:SMS
2859:SMS
2852:SMS
2845:SMS
2838:SMS
2831:SMS
2817:SMS
2810:SMS
2805:Karlsruhe
2803:SMS
2796:SMS
2789:SMS
2782:SMS
2775:SMS
2768:SMS
2761:SMS
2754:SMS
2747:SMS
2740:SMS
2733:SMS
2726:SMS
2719:SMS
2712:SMS
2705:SMS
2698:SMS
2672:HMS
2661:HMS
2652:Rucumilla
2640:SMS
2629:HMS
2608:USS
2601:USS
2590:USS
2583:USS
2550:USS
2529:SMS
2457:HMS
2426:HMY
2356:Cancelled
2213:Sandpiper
2157:Cormorant
1989:Partridge
1749:The Times
1672:Navy list
1660:USS
1613:USS
1602:USS
1590:USS
1579:San Pedro
1556:Guadalupe
1483:aircraft
1419:East Asia
1384:stood by
1327:in 1924,
1318:Commander
1301:Oceanside
1252:San Diego
1248:home port
1238:departed
1215:based at
1166:– aboard
1153:USS
1151:had been
1141:USS
1139:had been
993:Devonport
973:Haugesund
969:Stavanger
943:USS
903:USS
899:generator
848:USS
844:Inverness
805:North Sea
709:laid down
614:Armistice
543:megawatts
264:San Diego
242:U.S. Navy
136:Laid down
36:USS Guide
3471:20 Nov
3461:19 Nov
3440:18 Oct:
3419:16 Sep:
3412:Flamingo
3408:16 Jul:
3397:15 Jul:
3390:Grampian
3370:Nürnberg
3345:21 Jun:
3324:17 Apr:
3303:28 Feb:
3241:18 Dec:
3230:12 Dec:
3220:24 Nov:
3210:22 Nov:
3200:13 Nov:
3190:31 Oct:
3169:18 Oct:
3158:17 Oct:
3118:30 Sep:
3090:29 Sep:
3066:16 Sep:
3059:Helena I
3055:11 Sep:
3048:Sea Hawk
3023:10 Sep:
2977:Vittoria
2963:18 Aug:
2953:13 Aug:
2942:30 Jul:
2931:27 Jul:
2924:Erinpura
2911:28 Jun:
2875:Seydlitz
2833:Markgraf
2798:Kaiserin
2691:21 Jun:
2681:18 Jun:
2670:16 Jun:
2599:28 Apr:
2585:Courtney
2581:27 Apr:
2574:Kashalot
2552:Freehold
2548:17 Apr:
2538:15 Apr:
2506:22 Feb:
2496:20 Feb:
2489:Mirabeau
2486:18 Feb:
2476:10 Feb:
2445:30 Jan:
2435:21 Jan:
2101:Flamingo
2017:Bobolink
1975:Woodcock
1919:Cardinal
1645:Viking's
1634:SS
1485:attacked
1374:Aberdeen
1367:schooner
1281:salinity
1277:La Jolla
1262:and the
1133:Flamingo
1084:Flamingo
1044:Flamingo
1036:Flamingo
1016:Flamingo
989:Plymouth
985:Flamingo
961:Flamingo
924:Flamingo
910:Flamingo
887:Flamingo
875:Flamingo
867:Flamingo
859:Flamingo
840:Flamingo
821:Flamingo
801:Kirkwall
785:Flamingo
779:Flamingo
752:New York
748:Brooklyn
737:Flamingo
733:Flamingo
725:launched
693:Flamingo
684:Flamingo
590:Flamingo
553:Two 200-
470:Armament
402:850 tons
365:Stricken
349:Acquired
248:Homeport
233:Acquired
212:Namesake
144:Launched
102:Flamingo
98:Namesake
91:Flamingo
3491:3 Dec:
3481:14 Jan
3433:Sangola
3387:9 Jul:
3334:4 Jun:
3327:Saxonia
3292:1 Feb:
3282:14 Jan
3234:Kerwood
3223:Poltava
3193:Fazilka
3183:Gavriil
3180:21 Oct
3148:9 Oct:
3138:7 Oct:
3128:3 Oct:
3005:9 Sep:
2995:8 Sep:
2988:Verulam
2984:4 Sep:
2973:1 Sep:
2728:Dresden
2714:Brummer
2674:Kinross
2659:9 Jun:
2649:2 Jun:
2642:Leipzig
2638:5 May:
2627:4 May:
2527:6 Apr:
2516:7 Mar:
2466:8 Feb:
2455:7 Feb:
2428:Iolaire
2424:1 Jan:
2317:Pioneer
2227:Warbler
2206:Redwing
2192:Peacock
2185:Ortolan
2178:Mallard
2150:Chewink
2129:Bittern
2108:Penguin
2087:Seagull
2066:Pelican
2031:Widgeon
1912:Tanager
1905:Swallow
1884:Lapwing
1849:Lapwing
1615:LST-563
1507:salvage
1390:salvage
1352:Pioneer
1286:density
1191:officer
1149:Pioneer
1124:Pioneer
1064:Pioneer
1024:Kittery
1009:Bermuda
954:Pelican
945:Pelican
895:capstan
883:fantail
857:No. 9).
817:Lapwing
742:at the
731:as USS
707:, was
700:Lapwing
695:(AM-32)
665:(ARS-1)
597:Lapwing
592:(AM-32)
561:boilers
443:boilers
391:Lapwing
334:(ARS-1)
297:Pioneer
118:Builder
93:(AM-32)
67:History
3444:Vulcan
3338:SP-582
3105:ML-191
3016:SP-471
2840:Moltke
2791:Kaiser
2707:Bremse
2700:Bayern
2562:Narval
2531:Vulkan
2448:Nimrod
2270:Viking
2250:
2234:Willet
2199:Pigeon
2164:Gannet
2080:Osprey
2073:Falcon
2010:Avocet
2003:Thrush
1968:Turkey
1961:Plover
1954:Condor
1933:Curlew
1926:Oriole
1864:
1811:Viking
1765:
1668:Viking
1626:Viking
1620:Viking
1592:Tenino
1583:Viking
1575:Viking
1568:Viking
1548:Viking
1542:Viking
1538:YP-269
1534:YP-267
1526:Viking
1515:Viking
1500:Viking
1492:Hawaii
1472:Viking
1455:Viking
1364:lumber
1325:Oregon
1314:Guide'
1288:, and
1258:, via
1155:Osprey
1147:, and
1007:; and
1005:Azores
1001:Lisbon
981:Orkney
971:, and
965:Lervic
932:lumber
891:rudder
871:anchor
793:Boston
702:-class
669:Viking
663:Viking
647:, and
599:-class
594:was a
537:1,200
510:Length
438:, two
407:Length
332:Viking
260:, 1923
42:, and
3495:Murre
3356:Emden
3349:Baden
3317:Perun
3314:Mar:
3254:UB-14
3244:Cufic
3213:Myron
3151:Daram
3099:ML-62
3093:ML-18
2966:Dvina
2812:König
2742:Emden
2631:Cupar
2610:James
2541:U-118
2499:UC-71
2479:UC-91
2438:UC-40
2341:class
2339:Raven
2310:Guide
2220:Vireo
2171:Grebe
2045:Brant
1996:Eider
1982:Quail
1947:Heron
1940:Finch
1898:Robin
1604:Seize
1477:ARS-1
1447:Guide
1431:Guide
1401:cargo
1397:'
1382:Guide
1360:Guide
1348:Guide
1329:Guide
1309:Guide
1297:Guide
1275:) at
1268:Guide
1236:Guide
1225:Guide
1213:Guide
1197:Guide
1168:Guide
1129:Guide
1110:Guide
1069:Guide
1052:Guide
1028:Maine
997:Brest
928:steel
905:Eider
879:mines
667:. As
653:Guide
628:Guide
580:knots
575:Speed
541:(1.6
526:Draft
455:knots
450:Speed
423:Draft
339:Owner
281:Guide
223:Owner
216:Guide
206:Guide
108:Owner
60:Guide
3537:1920
3524:1918
3410:USS
3336:USS
3027:Coco
3014:USS
2903:G102
2824:SMS
2721:Cöln
2684:Oleg
2520:Thor
2509:U-21
2469:U-16
2332:None
2115:Swan
2094:Tern
2059:Rail
2038:Teal
2024:Lark
1778:here
1662:Gear
1651:and
1536:and
1470:USS
1453:USS
1120:and
991:and
930:and
897:and
697:, a
691:USS
682:USS
661:USS
588:USS
518:Beam
504:tons
489:Type
473:2 ×
415:Beam
373:Fate
330:USS
327:Name
305:Fate
293:and
283:and
201:Name
168:Fate
89:USS
86:Name
3423:R-6
3173:H41
3077:M27
3070:M25
2946:G-2
2935:May
2889:V46
2882:V45
2868:S50
2861:S36
2854:S32
2770:G40
2763:G39
2756:G38
2663:L55
2568:Kit
2143:Auk
1891:Owl
1809:of
1558:in
1392:of
1143:Auk
1071:at
1022:in
934:to
912:to
771:tug
746:in
715:at
578:14
555:psi
453:14
3561::
3508:,
3366:,
3359:,
3352:,
3108:,
3102:,
3096:,
3080:,
3073:,
3044:,
3037:,
3030:,
3012:,
2899:,
2892:,
2885:,
2878:,
2871:,
2864:,
2857:,
2850:,
2843:,
2836:,
2829:,
2822:,
2815:,
2808:,
2801:,
2794:,
2787:,
2780:,
2773:,
2766:,
2759:,
2752:,
2745:,
2738:,
2731:,
2724:,
2717:,
2710:,
2703:,
2696:–
2606:,
2588:,
2571:,
2565:,
1690:^
1532:,
1521:.
1513:–
1490:,
1449:.
1399:s
1380:;
1376:,
1254:,
1250:,
1242:,
1219:,
1135:,
1075:,
1026:,
979:,
967:,
795:,
758:,
750:,
719:,
643:,
563:;
465:78
266:,
256:,
128:,
124:,
38:,
34:,
2402:e
2395:t
2388:v
2353:X
2294:)
2290:(
2261:)
2257:(
1875:)
1871:(
1840:e
1833:t
1826:v
1780:.
853:(
545:)
46:.
20:)
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