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financial or economic consequences of such measures, but because of the political message it would send: What is happening to the
Uighurs is a crime against humanity. China's government would, of course, react strongly to such measures, just as they have struck back against the results of my research. But they would understand the message. For as long as our efforts to defend our values cost us nothing, they mean nothing to China's government. China is a culture in which talk is cheap.
1586:
China needs to demonstrate to the international community that it has inserted human rights safeguards in its deradicalisation measures ... It is interesting that at a time when exclusionism, supremacism, and hyper-nationalism tendencies are globally on the rise, China has decided to launch its own version of 'harmonising' society. This thinking might appear to negate the global trends but in essence, its objectives are similar, and it has little space for accepting diversity.
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517:âthanked Trump for signing the Act and further wrote that, "It's a great day for America and the Uighur people." Turkel would also go on to say that the American government must use the new bill to impose sanctions on Chinese officials for religious persecution. He also urged Congress to pass a second bill, the
1585:
Calling the US action a political move aimed at damaging its international image, China says it is running a deradicalisation programme to mainstream its communities. The
Chinese claim has not been verified by independent sources and mystery shrouds its deradicalisation or re-education programme.
1724:
DER SPIEGEL: A group of
Senators and Representatives is pushing for the White House to slap entry bans on those responsible for the Xinjiang policy and to freeze their assets in the U.S., if they have any. Do you believe Germany and Europe should do the same? Zenz: Yes, I do. Not because of the
1700:
In the face of such an unrelenting repressive campaign, the government should consider applying such targeted sanctions against
Chinese officials involved in the detention of Uyghurs in Xinjiang. U.S. lawmakers are currently exploring the possibility of applying such measures in the Uyghur Human
1435:
But what can the U.S. do? The U.S. will struggle to hold
Chinese Communist Party officials accountable through international institutions...domestic options are more promising. Congress is poised to pass the Uighur Intervention and Global Humanitarian Unified Response (UIGHUR) Act of 2019, which
1509:
Here in the US, folks can call or write to their representatives to let them know this is a humanitarian crisis they care about and want to see political action on. They can show support for the
Xinjiang Uyghur Human Rights Act, a bipartisan bill that recommends considering several responses to
498:
spokesman said that the House bill is important in opposing "China's continued push of extreme persecution," and that the organization looks forward to Trump signing the bill. Various Uyghur activists, think tank analysts, and political representatives called on various governments to sanction
1332:
Meanwhile, bipartisan legislation aimed at holding the
Chinese accountable, sponsored by Sens. Robert Menendez (D-N.J.) and Marco Rubio (R-Fla.), has cleared the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and is in committee in the House. Hopefully it will pass both chambers
1319:
340:
The
President has to submit a report to Congress within 180 days. The report shall designate Chinese officials and any other individuals who are responsible for carrying out: torture; prolonged detention without charges and a trial; abduction;
1675:
To begin with, Australia should simply call out
Beijing's actions in Xinjiang for what they are â systematic violations of the human rights of the Uighur people â much as US Congressional leaders and some members of the European Union have
1485:
In
Congress, the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act (S.178 and H.R.649) has been teetering for almost one year. It is time to pass the measure. Other countries should follow this model of accountability and not China's turn toward
1436:
calls upon the President to sanction Chinese officials, prohibits selling certain goods to China that it could use to suppress human rights, and mandates that the State Department report to Congress on conditions in Xinjiang.
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The Chinese government have called the bill a malicious attack on China and demanded that the United States prevent it from becoming law, warning that it would act to defend its interests as necessary. On December 4, 2019,
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361:, and ineligibility for entry into the United States. Imposing sanctions against the officials can be declined by the President if he determines and certifies to Congress that holding back on sanctions is in the
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An act to condemn gross human rights violations of ethnic Turkic Muslims in Xinjiang, and calling for an end to arbitrary detention, torture, and harassment of these communities inside and outside China.
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On May 14, 2020, the Senate introduced and approved what would be the current 2020 bill. On May 27, 2020, the House passed the amended bill by a vote of 413â1, sending it to then-President
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301:—passed in the United States Senate by unanimous consent. The House approved the bill by a vote of 413â1 on May 27, 2020. The following month, on June 17, then-President
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defended China's actions in Xinjiang and condemned the bill as a "blatant interference by the US in the internal affairs of the People's Republic of China."
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Mao, Lin (2024). "From Trade War to New Cold War: Popular Nationalism and the Global Times on Weibo under Xi Jinping". In Fang, Qiang; Li, Xiaobing (eds.).
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482:, while the BBC's China correspondent said that if the bill became law, then it would mark the most significant international attempt to pressure
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stated that U.S. members of Congress were "producing anti-China legislations faster than elementary school students writing essays."
4890:
4836:
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2217:
1983:
334:
314:
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416:). With sanctions, they and their immediate relatives are barred from entering the US and will have US-based assets frozen.
1005:
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1771:
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said that the bill "wantonly smeared China's counter-terrorism and de-radicalization efforts." Four days later, Ăziz Eli (
2720:
2330:
2176:
614:
67:
4584:
1877:
1751:
2918:
2166:
528:
514:
210:
1144:"Trump signed a law to punish China for its oppression of the Uighur Muslims. Uighurs say much more needs to be done"
728:
914:
4677:
2259:
2064:
667:
330:
90:
1848:"The U.S. Must Use the New Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act to Sanction Chinese Officials for Religious Persecution"
1023:
880:
4826:
609:
39:
1791:
1492:
194:
186:
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said that mainland China's response to passage of the Uyghur bill could be stronger than its reaction to the
4806:
4629:
2908:
2305:
1975:
1684:"CANADA SHOULD USE THE MAGNITSKY ACT TO TARGET CHINA'S HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATORS: IRFAN YAR IN THE EPOCH TIMES"
1599:
1112:"Trump signs Uyghur human rights bill on same day Bolton alleges he told Xi to proceed with detention camps"
387:
286:)—was passed by the US House of Representatives by a vote of 407 to 1. The sole "no" vote was cast by
2852:
2315:
2254:
2237:
2145:
679:
102:
2913:
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780:
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4692:
4053:
2247:
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2044:
817:
383:
260:
223:
2039:
429:
On the same day that then-President Trump signed the Act into law, former National Security Advisor
353:, or the security" of people in Xinjiang. Persons identified in the report would then be subject to
4841:
4773:
4702:
4687:
4624:
2192:
2034:
2004:
469:
451:
198:
190:
1731:
943:
847:
676:
317:
to report to Congress on security issues caused by the Chinese government's reported crackdown on
99:
4788:
2300:
1911:
1847:
1820:"China Warns of 'Countermeasures' After Trump OKs Bill to 'Punish' Country Over Ethnic Crackdown"
1659:"Patriotic songs and self-criticism: why China is 're-educating' Muslims in mass detention camps"
974:
569:
445:
1285:
663:
125:
110:
760:
4783:
2106:
1979:
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634:
555:
362:
227:
17:
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4763:
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2320:
502:
464:
434:
350:
337:
to report on the scope of the reported Chinese government crackdown on Uyghurs in Xinjiang.
329:
to report on efforts to protect Uyghurs and Chinese nationals in the United States; (3) the
1510:
China's crackdown, including imposing sanctions on Chinese officials involved in the camps.
4778:
4758:
4727:
4722:
4697:
4682:
4567:
1915:
1540:
1009:
948:
852:
767:
629:
472:
made criticisms of the PRC's grand strategy for Xinjiang. Analysts cited in an article by
814:"Uyghur bill demanding sanctions on Chinese officials passes US House of Representatives"
1418:
562:
and Vice Secretary of the Niya County County Communist Party Committeeâand Perhat Roza (
459:. Opinion pieces written in various publications also supported the passage of the Act.
4742:
4717:
2295:
1212:
729:"US House passes Uyghur Act calling for tough sanctions on Beijing over Xinjiang camps"
483:
405:
944:"Trump Signs Uyghur Rights Act Into Law, Authorizing Sanctions For Abuses in Xinjiang"
848:"US Senate Passes Legislation to Hold China Accountable for Rights Abuses in Xinjiang"
4874:
4821:
4737:
2977:
1873:
1419:"China Is Operating Mass Detention Centers in Xinjiang. How Should the U.S. Respond?"
624:
499:
mainland Chinese officials for their perceived involvement in the Xinjiang conflict.
399:
369:
346:
287:
182:
1938:
1628:
1493:"Sigal Samuel answers 8 key questions about the Chinese crackdown on Uighur Muslims"
1239:
2995:
2135:
2091:
2080:
1882:
576:
545:
513:, the co-founder of the Uyghur Human Rights Project, and a former President of the
375:
354:
302:
244:
163:
1057:"Trump signs Uighur sanctions bill amid Bolton criticism, drawing fury from China"
4816:
2867:
2140:
2130:
1002:
559:
506:
430:
129:
1732:"Chinese ambassador warns Canada against adopting motion calling for sanctions"
378:, which would be the first time such sanctions would be imposed on a member of
297:
On the afternoon of May 14, 2020, a new version of the bill—S. 3744, the
1259:"Trump Told China To 'Go Ahead' With Prison Camps, Bolton Alleges In New Book"
639:
437:
395:
153:
1312:"What Congress can do now to combat China's mass ethnic cleansing of Uighurs"
2892:
1537:"Congress Aims to Address China's Atrocities against Religious Minorities"
761:
S.178 - Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2019, 116th Congress (2019-2020)
4846:
2325:
580:
322:
291:
206:
1012:, Clerk of the United States House of Representative (December 2, 2019).
2882:
2877:
1180:
915:"House Passes Uighur Human Rights Bill, Prodding Trump to Punish China"
473:
345:
of Muslim minority groups; and other flagrant denials of the "right to
318:
274:
On December 3, 2019, a stronger, amended version of the bill—the
202:
137:
1517:"China Is Violating Uighurs' Human Rights. The United States Must Act"
462:
The CCP claim of deradicalization drew criticism in an article by the
247:
for approval. The bill was signed by Trump into law on June 17, 2020.
2862:
1824:
1569:"'De-radicalising' Uighur Muslims: Is the Chinese action justified?"
1469:"NYT Exposé Should Be the Tipping Point on China's Abuse of Uyghurs"
4619:
368:
The bill also calls on the President to impose sanctions under the
333:
to report on Chinese media related issues in Xinjiang; and (4) the
527:
to presume that any goods produced in Xinjiang are the product of
254:
1629:"China sanctions: US House passes bill over treatment of Uighurs"
2872:
1090:"Trump signs bill pressuring China over Uighur Muslim crackdown"
1075:"Trump Signs Bill Pressuring China Over Uighur Muslim Crackdown"
394:
against senior Chinese officials, including Quanguo, as well as
277:
Uighur Intervention and Global Humanitarian Unified Response Act
230:. On December 3, 2019, a stronger version of the bill—the
4651:
4565:
2993:
2948:
2053:
2049:
1772:"Uighur: Australia needs to end "business as usual" with China"
1177:"Trump comments, Uighur bill hurt prospects of U.S.-China deal"
267:
On September 11, 2019, a version of the bill—S. 178, the
1444:"Uyghurs are being persecuted in China â US must protect them"
1208:"U.S. House Passes Xinjiang Bill, Prompting Threat From China"
1116:
1028:
884:
732:
1395:"Congress should finish what it started and help the Uighurs"
2000:"Syria defends China's Uyghur policy after US condemnation"
1240:"US sanctions Chinese officials over Xinjiang 'violations'"
1370:"Congress must take action on Chinese human rights abuses"
1350:"China's Campaign Against the Uighurs Demands a Response"
971:"Anger in China as US House passes Uighur crackdown bill"
572:
Communist Party Committeeâpenned criticisms of the Act.
1752:"Why is Germany silent on China's human rights abuses?"
440:
to go forward with plans related to Uyghur internment.
216:
On September 11, 2019, a version of the bill—the
1878:"Was Your Face Mask Made Using Forced Labor in China?"
1774:. Lowy Institute. The Interpreter. December 5, 2018.
1519:. Foreign Policy. Foreign Policy. November 28, 2018.
1175:
Lee, Se Young; Brunnstrom, David (December 3, 2019).
781:"Actions Overview S.178 â 116th Congress (2019-2020)"
271:—passed in the US Senate by unanimous consent.
1623:
1621:
1105:
1103:
4797:
4751:
4666:
4367:
4332:
4296:
4265:
4244:
4237:
4177:
4074:
3996:
3928:
3921:
3809:
3743:
3685:
3632:
3596:
3589:
3514:
3491:
3440:
3364:
3357:
3262:
3226:
3178:
3070:
3014:
3007:
2901:
2288:
2226:
2205:
2185:
2154:
2115:
108:
86:
81:
73:
62:
54:
46:
2846:of the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985)
1792:"China's inexcusable internment of Uighur Muslims"
695:"H.R.649 - Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2019"
668:
588:Syrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates
91:
2934:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights
511:US Commission on International Religious Freedom
1710:. Der Spiegel. Der Spiegel. November 28, 2019.
727:Westcott, Ben; Byrd, Haley (December 3, 2019).
433:claimed that Trump had, on two occasions, told
998:
996:
2960:
2065:
1794:. IANS. The Siasat Daily. December 15, 2019.
1571:. Deccan Chronicle. Dawn. December 18, 2019.
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
563:
549:
411:
403:
259:Draft of the bill from September 2019 in the
8:
908:
906:
32:
4881:United States foreign relations legislation
689:
687:
4663:
4648:
4562:
4241:
3925:
3593:
3361:
3011:
3004:
2990:
2967:
2953:
2945:
2230:
2123:
2072:
2058:
2050:
1024:"Senate approves Uyghur human rights bill"
881:"Senate approves Uyghur human rights bill"
1598:Kondapalli, Srikanth (December 8, 2019).
1442:VIGNARAJAH, KRISH O'MARA (May 10, 2019).
697:. United States Congress. March 4, 2019.
568:)âVice Secretary and Commissioner of the
4896:Acts of the 116th United States Congress
1972:China under Xi Jinping: A New Assessment
1077:. June 17, 2020 – via NYTimes.com.
808:
806:
804:
802:
722:
720:
718:
716:
620:Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act
486:over its mass detention of the Uyghurs.
479:Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act
146:on May 14, 2020 (Unanimous consent)
2766:in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1454:from the original on September 22, 2019
1421:. Lawfare. Lawfare. December 13, 2019.
1356:from the original on September 13, 2019
860:from the original on September 21, 2019
841:
839:
656:
343:cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment
2983:Foreign relations of the United States
2858:List of human rights abuses by country
2346:during the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017)
2311:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment
1904:èŸćć·èŸć (December 8, 2019). ææąŠć©· (ed.).
1798:from the original on December 19, 2019
1778:from the original on December 19, 2019
1738:from the original on December 20, 2019
1690:from the original on December 19, 2019
1665:from the original on November 19, 2019
1606:from the original on December 28, 2019
1575:from the original on December 19, 2019
1475:from the original on December 20, 2019
1425:from the original on December 19, 2019
1405:from the original on December 19, 2019
1380:from the original on December 19, 2019
1292:from the original on December 19, 2019
374:on Xinjiang Communist Party Secretary
299:Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020
269:Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2019
219:Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2019
178:Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020
33:Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020
31:
2929:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1758:from the original on December 6, 2019
1714:from the original on January 21, 2020
1708:"The Equivalent of Cultural Genocide"
1635:from the original on December 9, 2019
1547:from the original on October 13, 2019
1499:from the original on October 30, 2019
1322:from the original on October 31, 2019
1220:from the original on December 4, 2019
1187:from the original on December 4, 2019
981:from the original on December 4, 2019
937:
935:
824:from the original on December 4, 2019
787:from the original on December 4, 2019
739:from the original on December 4, 2019
701:from the original on December 4, 2019
645:United States sanctions against China
209:, China, including internment in the
7:
1206:Flatley, Daniel (December 4, 2019).
1088:Zengerle, Patricia (June 18, 2020).
846:Lipes, Joshua (September 12, 2019).
756:
754:
4400:Greater Republic of Central America
4395:Federal Republic of Central America
2012:from the original on April 22, 2020
1393:Bosco, Joseph (December 11, 2019).
1286:"China's Brutal 'Boarding Schools'"
2356:during the Libyan civil war (2011)
2218:National human rights institutions
2213:List of human rights organisations
2035:House of Representatives bill text
1951:from the original on March 3, 2020
1523:from the original on June 19, 2019
673:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
600:Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act
520:Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act
185:federal law that requires various
96:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
25:
1657:Clarke, Michael (July 24, 2018).
1467:Kanat, Omer (November 23, 2019).
1318:. Washington Post. May 23, 2019.
1036:from the original on May 20, 2020
913:Edmondson, Catie (May 27, 2020).
891:from the original on May 13, 2020
335:United States Department of State
315:Director of National Intelligence
4515:Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe
3206:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3042:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2976:
2341:at GuantĂĄnamo Bay detention camp
1602:. Deccan Herald. Deccan Herald.
1376:. The Hill. September 27, 2019.
525:US Customs and Border Protection
38:
2466:in Chile under Augusto Pinochet
2172:Natural rights and legal rights
2162:Claim rights and liberty rights
942:Lipes, Joshua (June 17, 2020).
605:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
327:Federal Bureau of Investigation
309:Legislation content and results
27:US law on Xinjiang human rights
3427:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
2336:against Palestinians by Israel
1631:. BBC. BBC. December 4, 2019.
1471:. The Diplomat. The Diplomat.
1257:Philip Ewing (June 17, 2020).
1110:Kevin Liptak (June 17, 2020).
564:
550:
509:âwho is a commissioner on the
468:, while an article written by
457:Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act
412:
404:
357:which include asset blocking,
18:Uighur Human Rights Policy Act
1:
4886:ChinaâUnited States relations
1682:Yar, Irfan (March 22, 2019).
455:supported the passage of the
2177:Negative and positive rights
1937:ćžć°ćæ·èć (December 8, 2019).
1754:. DW. DW. December 5, 2019.
1600:"'No Mercy' for the Uighurs"
1495:. Vox. Vox. April 30, 2019.
1288:. NYT. NYT. March 17, 2019.
1096:– via www.reuters.com.
879:Byrd, Haley (May 14, 2020).
615:Tibet Policy and Support Act
263:(Vol. 165 pages S5450-S5452)
68:116th United States Congress
4635:International organizations
4535:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
4390:Duchy of Brunswick-LĂŒneburg
2919:List of human rights awards
2791:in the United Arab Emirates
2167:Individual and group rights
1348:Lake, Eli (July 16, 2019).
1022:Haley Byrd (May 14, 2020).
515:Uyghur American Association
238:US House of Representatives
211:Xinjiang re-education camps
4937:
4678:Proclamation of Neutrality
4465:North German Confederation
2841:of the Marcos dictatorship
783:. United States Congress.
331:US Agency for Global Media
313:The bill directs: (1) the
305:signed the bill into law.
4921:Religious policy in China
4662:
4647:
4575:
4561:
3003:
2989:
2786:in the State of Palestine
2771:in the Dominican Republic
2351:during the Gaddafi regime
2233:
2126:
2087:
1947:(in Simplified Chinese).
1910:(in Simplified Chinese).
1008:December 4, 2019, at the
766:December 4, 2019, at the
610:Xinjiang internment camps
236:—was passed by the
222:—was passed in the
117:
37:
4891:Human rights legislation
4470:Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
3032:Central African Republic
2045:S. 3744 Senate bill text
1944:
1939:
1906:
1352:. Bloomberg. Bloomberg.
542:Chinese Foreign Ministry
187:United States government
4916:Sanctions against China
4911:United States sanctions
4630:Third Border Initiative
2909:History of human rights
2316:Enforced disappearances
2306:Crimes against humanity
2040:S. 178 Senate bill text
1976:Leiden University Press
1734:. Canadian Press. CBC.
494:On December 3, 2019, a
382:. On July 9, 2020, the
195:Chinese Communist Party
4540:Kingdom of WĂŒrttemberg
4530:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
4092:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2853:Incitement to genocide
2146:Universal jurisdiction
1003:Roll Call Vote No. 644
586:In December 2019, the
365:of the United States.
264:
152:on May 27, 2020 (
4906:Sanctions legislation
3062:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
3047:Republic of the Congo
2914:List of global issues
1907:ććłäžć
èźžçŸćœèæèŻæŻćæčé»æ°ççäșșæç¶ć”
1543:. NR. July 12, 2019.
1264:National Public Radio
523:, which would direct
496:World Uyghur Congress
258:
4852:Special Relationship
4693:Good Neighbor policy
4455:Mecklenburg-Strelitz
4450:Mecklenburg-Schwerin
4445:Grand Duchy of Hesse
4380:Grand Duchy of Baden
4054:Special Relationship
3904:United Arab Emirates
2796:in the United States
2571:in Jammu and Kashmir
2117:Fundamental concepts
2008:. December 6, 2019.
977:. December 3, 2019.
820:. December 4, 2019.
384:Trump administration
371:Global Magnitsky Act
261:Congressional Record
240:by a vote of 407â1.
224:United States Senate
189:bodies to report on
4842:Progressive realism
4837:Non-interventionism
4688:Roosevelt Corollary
4625:Major non-NATO ally
4510:Kingdom of Sardinia
4435:Hanseatic Republics
3432:Trinidad and Tobago
3417:St. Kitts and Nevis
3372:Antigua and Barbuda
2781:in the Soviet Union
2681:in Papua New Guinea
2331:Human rights abuses
2289:Human rights abuses
2193:Corporal punishment
2005:Middle East Monitor
1918:on December 8, 2019
1876:(August 26, 2020).
470:Srikanth Kondapalli
452:The Washington Post
410:), and Huo Liujun (
251:Legislative history
191:human rights abuses
111:Legislative history
34:
4832:Middle East policy
4430:Kingdom of Hanover
4385:Kingdom of Bavaria
3397:Dominican Republic
2776:in the Philippines
2301:Crime of apartheid
1912:Xinhua News Agency
1701:Rights Policy Act.
1661:. ABC AU. ABC AU.
919:The New York Times
570:Kashgar Prefecture
446:The New York Times
265:
199:Chinese government
4868:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4643:
4642:
4557:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4525:Republic of Texas
4475:Orange Free State
4420:Republic of Genoa
4363:
4362:
4233:
4232:
3917:
3916:
3585:
3584:
3353:
3352:
3052:Equatorial Guinea
2942:
2941:
2924:Three generations
2284:
2283:
2201:
2200:
1344:Sources include:
635:Xinjiang conflict
556:County Magistrate
392:visa restrictions
380:China's politburo
363:national interest
228:unanimous consent
173:
172:
144:Passed the Senate
140:) on May 14, 2020
124:in the Senate as
16:(Redirected from
4928:
4664:
4649:
4563:
4440:Hawaiian Kingdom
4405:Congo Free State
4309:Marshall Islands
4278:Papua New Guinea
4242:
3926:
3594:
3362:
3012:
3005:
2991:
2981:
2980:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2946:
2696:in Punjab, India
2321:Forced migration
2231:
2124:
2119:and philosophies
2074:
2067:
2060:
2051:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1914:. Archived from
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1703:
1697:
1695:
1678:
1672:
1670:
1653:Sources include
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1488:
1486:totalitarianism.
1482:
1480:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1438:
1432:
1430:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1172:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1148:Business Insider
1140:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1120:. Archived from
1107:
1098:
1097:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1019:
1013:
1000:
991:
990:
988:
986:
967:
961:
960:
958:
956:
939:
930:
929:
927:
925:
910:
901:
900:
898:
896:
876:
870:
869:
867:
865:
843:
834:
833:
831:
829:
810:
797:
796:
794:
792:
777:
771:
758:
749:
748:
746:
744:
724:
711:
710:
708:
706:
691:
682:
674:
670:
661:
567:
566:
553:
552:
490:Uyghur community
465:Deccan Chronicle
415:
414:
409:
408:
290:, Republican of
166:on June 17, 2020
150:Passed the House
113:
97:
93:
42:
35:
21:
4936:
4935:
4931:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4856:
4799:
4793:
4759:Lodge Corollary
4752:Other doctrines
4747:
4669:
4658:
4639:
4571:
4549:
4460:Duchy of Nassau
4359:
4328:
4292:
4283:Solomon Islands
4261:
4229:
4173:
4144:North Macedonia
4107:Northern Cyprus
4070:
3992:
3913:
3805:
3739:
3681:
3628:
3581:
3510:
3487:
3436:
3349:
3258:
3222:
3174:
3066:
2999:
2985:
2975:
2973:
2943:
2938:
2897:
2726:in South Africa
2716:in Sierra Leone
2711:in Saudi Arabia
2441:in Burkina Faso
2396:in Azad Kashmir
2280:
2222:
2197:
2181:
2150:
2120:
2118:
2111:
2102:Intersex people
2083:
2078:
2031:
2026:
2025:
2015:
2013:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1986:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1954:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1921:
1919:
1908:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1888:
1886:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1854:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1828:. June 18, 2020
1818:
1817:
1813:
1801:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1739:
1730:
1717:
1715:
1706:
1693:
1691:
1681:
1668:
1666:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1627:
1626:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1578:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1550:
1548:
1541:National Review
1535:
1526:
1524:
1515:
1502:
1500:
1491:
1478:
1476:
1466:
1457:
1455:
1441:
1428:
1426:
1417:
1408:
1406:
1392:
1383:
1381:
1368:
1359:
1357:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1325:
1323:
1316:Washington Post
1310:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1246:. July 9, 2020.
1238:
1237:
1233:
1223:
1221:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1174:
1173:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1127:
1125:
1124:on July 4, 2020
1109:
1108:
1101:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1061:Washington Post
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1010:Wayback Machine
1001:
994:
984:
982:
969:
968:
964:
954:
952:
949:Radio Free Asia
941:
940:
933:
923:
921:
912:
911:
904:
894:
892:
878:
877:
873:
863:
861:
853:Radio Free Asia
845:
844:
837:
827:
825:
812:
811:
800:
790:
788:
779:
778:
774:
770:, Congress.gov.
768:Wayback Machine
759:
752:
742:
740:
726:
725:
714:
704:
702:
693:
692:
685:
672:
662:
658:
653:
630:Mihrigul Tursun
596:
575:Writing in the
537:
503:Uyghur-American
492:
427:
422:
359:visa revocation
311:
253:
181:(S. 3744) is a
169:
160:Signed into law
109:
95:
63:Enacted by
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4934:
4932:
4924:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4873:
4872:
4866:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4803:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4674:
4672:
4660:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4615:United Nations
4612:
4607:
4602:
4600:European Union
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4566:
4559:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4505:Ryukyu Kingdom
4502:
4500:Russian Empire
4497:
4492:
4490:Duchy of Parma
4487:
4482:
4480:Ottoman Empire
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4410:Czechoslovakia
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4371:
4369:
4365:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4248:
4246:
4239:
4235:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4064:Cayman Islands
4061:
4056:
4049:United Kingdom
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3953:
3948:
3946:Czech Republic
3943:
3938:
3932:
3930:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3518:
3516:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3368:
3366:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3182:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3009:
3001:
3000:
2994:
2987:
2986:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2964:
2957:
2949:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2746:in Switzerland
2743:
2738:
2733:
2731:in South Korea
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2666:in North Korea
2663:
2658:
2656:in New Zealand
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:in Kyrgyzstanâ
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2486:in El Salvador
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2411:in Balochistan
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2361:in Afghanistan
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
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2029:External links
2027:
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677:116â145 (text)
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197:(CCP) and the
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4822:Domino theory
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3305:Guinea-Bissau
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2816:in Uzbekistan
2814:
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2719:
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2706:in the Russia
2704:
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2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
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2586:in Kazakhstan
2584:
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2401:in Azerbaijan
2399:
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2267:South America
2265:
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2258:
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2206:Organizations
2204:
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2011:
2007:
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2001:
1995:
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1985:9789087284411
1981:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1963:
1950:
1942:
1940:æ°ç绎ćŸć°äșșæç¶ć”äžćźčèŻæŻ
1933:
1930:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1900:
1897:
1885:
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1874:James W. Carr
1872:Nury Turkel;
1868:
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1055:Shih, Gerry.
1051:
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625:Magnitsky Act
623:
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601:
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544:spokesperson
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400:Wang Mingshan
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4415:East Germany
4340:Cook Islands
3961:Transnistria
3889:Saudi Arabia
3619:Turkmenistan
3340:Sierra Leone
3275:Burkina Faso
3254:South Africa
2821:in Venezuela
2736:in Sri Lanka
2616:in Lithuania
2541:in Indonesia
2521:in Hong Kong
2516:in Guatemala
2386:in Australia
2376:in Argentina
2227:By continent
2155:Distinctions
2136:Positive law
2081:Human rights
2016:December 22,
2014:. Retrieved
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4610:Middle East
4585:Arab League
4257:New Zealand
4245:Australasia
4225:Switzerland
4220:Netherlands
3786:Philippines
3693:Afghanistan
3672:South Korea
3667:North Korea
3458:El Salvador
3150:South Sudan
2868:Persecution
2836:in Zimbabwe
2761:in Thailand
2671:in Pakistan
2626:in Malaysia
2491:in Ethiopia
2451:in Cambodia
2431:in Botswana
2243:Middle East
2141:Sovereignty
2131:Natural law
1922:December 8,
1224:December 4,
1191:December 4,
985:December 4,
828:December 4,
791:December 4,
743:December 4,
705:December 4,
560:Niya County
507:Nury Turkel
431:John Bolton
130:Marco Rubio
4875:Categories
4774:Weinberger
4703:Eisenhower
4657:, concepts
4545:Yugoslavia
4314:Micronesia
4297:Micronesia
4210:Luxembourg
4154:San Marino
4139:Montenegro
3822:Azerbaijan
3761:East Timor
3698:Bangladesh
3624:Uzbekistan
3614:Tajikistan
3609:Kyrgyzstan
3604:Kazakhstan
3453:Costa Rica
3320:Mauritania
3290:The Gambia
3280:Cape Verde
3143:Somaliland
3133:Seychelles
3123:Mozambique
3108:Madagascar
2893:War crimes
2826:in Vietnam
2811:in Ukraine
2701:in Romania
2661:in Nigeria
2646:in Myanmar
2641:in Morocco
2631:in Manipur
2606:in Lebanon
2581:in Kashmir
2556:in Ireland
2511:in Germany
2446:in Burundi
2426:in Bolivia
2421:in Belarus
2406:in Bahrain
2391:in Austria
2381:in Armenia
2366:in Algeria
1889:August 28,
975:Al Jazeera
864:October 5,
651:References
640:Zhu Hailun
535:Opposition
438:Xi Jinping
396:Zhu Hailun
325:; (2) the
283:UIGHUR Act
233:UIGHUR Act
122:Introduced
87:Public law
58:Uyghur Act
47:Long title
4789:Wolfowitz
4670:doctrines
4595:East Asia
4570:relations
4333:Polynesia
4266:Melanesia
4252:Australia
4034:Lithuania
3879:Palestine
3791:Singapore
3766:Indonesia
3744:Southeast
3735:Sri Lanka
3645:Hong Kong
3577:Venezuela
3522:Argentina
3478:Nicaragua
3463:Guatemala
3422:St. Lucia
3365:Caribbean
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2998:relations
2996:Bilateral
2806:in Uganda
2801:in Turkey
2756:in Taiwan
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2676:in Panama
2636:in Mexico
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2596:in Kuwait
2561:in Israel
2496:in France
2456:in Canada
2436:in Brazil
2371:in Angola
420:Reactions
388:sanctions
355:sanctions
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55:Nicknames
4847:Rollback
4807:Blowback
4800:concepts
4784:Rumsfeld
4655:policies
4304:Kiribati
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4119:Holy See
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3997:Northern
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3852:military
3796:Thailand
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3728:military
3723:Pakistan
3713:Maldives
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3567:Suriname
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3542:Colombia
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3468:Honduras
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3088:Djibouti
3027:Cameroon
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2741:in Sudan
2721:in Sindh
2651:in Nepal
2611:in Libya
2591:in Kenya
2576:in Japan
2566:in Italy
2536:in India
2531:in Haiti
2526:in Egypt
2506:in Ghana
2501:in Gabon
2481:in Egypt
2471:in China
2461:in Chile
2326:Genocide
2097:Children
2010:Archived
1955:March 4,
1949:Archived
1832:July 20,
1796:Archived
1776:Archived
1756:Archived
1736:Archived
1712:Archived
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1448:The Hill
1423:Archived
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1399:The Hill
1378:Archived
1374:The Hill
1354:Archived
1320:Archived
1290:Archived
1270:July 10,
1244:BBC News
1218:Archived
1185:Archived
1153:June 30,
1128:June 23,
1034:Archived
1006:Archived
979:Archived
955:June 17,
889:Archived
858:Archived
822:Archived
818:ABC News
785:Archived
764:Archived
737:Archived
699:Archived
594:See also
581:Hu Xijin
386:imposed
323:Xinjiang
292:Kentucky
207:Xinjiang
201:against
4901:Uyghurs
4764:Stimson
4733:Clinton
4713:Johnson
4708:Kennedy
4495:Prussia
4375:Artsakh
4288:Vanuatu
4238:Oceania
4200:Germany
4190:Belgium
4185:Austria
4178:Western
4097:Croatia
4087:Andorra
4082:Albania
4059:Bermuda
4024:Ireland
4019:Iceland
4014:Finland
4009:Estonia
4004:Denmark
3988:Ukraine
3973:Romania
3956:Moldova
3951:Hungary
3936:Belarus
3929:Eastern
3869:Lebanon
3832:Georgia
3827:Bahrain
3817:Armenia
3810:Western
3801:Vietnam
3781:Myanmar
3597:Central
3572:Uruguay
3547:Ecuador
3527:Bolivia
3441:Central
3412:Jamaica
3402:Grenada
3377:Bahamas
3335:Senegal
3330:Nigeria
3310:Liberia
3249:Namibia
3244:Lesotho
3218:Tunisia
3201:Morocco
3186:Algeria
3138:Somalia
3093:Eritrea
3083:Comoros
3078:Burundi
3015:Central
2902:Related
2888:Victims
2883:Torture
2878:Slavery
2686:in Peru
2551:in Iraq
2546:in Iran
2476:in Cuba
2272:Oceania
2186:Aspects
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924:May 27,
895:May 14,
669:Pub. L.
565:ćžć°ćæ·èć
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3922:Europe
3899:Turkey
3864:Kuwait
3859:Jordan
3847:Israel
3751:Brunei
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3552:Guyana
3532:Brazil
3499:Canada
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3473:Mexico
3448:Belize
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3160:Uganda
3128:Rwanda
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3022:Angola
3008:Africa
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4124:Italy
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3894:Syria
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3708:India
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3270:Benin
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2107:Women
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3315:Mali
3263:West
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2873:Rape
2248:Asia
2018:2019
1980:ISBN
1957:2020
1924:2019
1891:2020
1859:2020
1852:Time
1834:2020
1804:2019
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