41:
131:
937:
4359:
670:
1123:. In chapter 2, Umaswati presents sutras on soul. He asserts that soul is distinguished by suppression of deluding karma, or elimination of eight types of karmas, or partial presence of destructive karmas, or arising of eight types of new karmas, or those that are innate to the soul, or a combination of these. In chapter 3 through 6, Umaswati presents sutras for his first three categories of truth.
1204:(virtues such as forbearance, modesty, purity, truthfulness, self-restraint, austerity, renunciation), contemplation, endurance in hardship (he lists twenty two hardships including hunger, thirst, cold, heat, nakedness, injury, lack of gain, illness, praise, disrespect), and with good character towards others (he lists five – equanimity, reinitiation, non-injury (
3197:
1208:), slight passion and fair conduct), a soul stops karmic accumulations. External austerities such as fasting, reduced diet and isolated habitation, while internal austerities such as expiation, reverence, service, renunciation and meditation, according to Umaswati, along with respectful service to teachers and ailing ascetics help shed karma.
1173:
affects rebirths. He asserts that accumulated karma in life determine the length of life and realm of rebirth for each soul in each of four states – infernal beings, plants and animals, human beings and as gods. Further, states
Umaswati, karma also affects the body, the shape, the characteristics as
923:
Umaswati, along with
Kundakunda, is one of the two revered ancient scholars of Jainism. In Digambara tradition that reveres Kundakunda, Umaswati is considered as a disciple of Kundakunda. However, they differ in two ways. One, Kundakunda wrote in Prakrit, while Umaswati used Sanskrit. Second, their
876:
on the other hand, places him later, likely in the 2nd-century. Modern scholars such as Walter Slaje state that there are disagreements in dating
Umaswati, and even whether Umaswati and Umaswami were two different persons, who lived sometime between 2nd- to 5th-century CE.
40:
1182:(lower) status. The accumulated and new karma are material particles, states Umaswati, which stick to the soul and these travel with the soul from one life to the next as bondage, where each ripens. Once ripened, the karmic particles fall off, states Umaswati.
1211:
The state of liberation is presented in
Chapter 10 by Umaswati. It is achieved when deluding and obstructive karmas have been destroyed. This leads to the state of quietism and potentiality, and the soul then moves to the end of the universe, states Umaswati.
1224:
has been the most important work of
Umaswati. However, this text exists in at least two overlapping versions. The Svetambara version and the Digambara versions differ, for example, in sutras 1.33 and 1.34, with the Svetambara version listing five
1271:
was composed in
Sanskrit, making it, according to Johnson, the earliest extant Sanskrit language literature related to Jainism. His text was cherished not only by the Jaina traditions, but widely distributed and preserved by the
1276:
for centuries. The Hindu theistic scholar
Madhvacharya praised Umaswati's ideas in the 13th-century, calling him Umasvati Vachakacharya (literally "expressive teacher"), as Madhvacharya developed his sub-school of
2065:
A Companion to
Sanskrit Literature: Spanning a Period of Over Three Thousand Years, Containing Brief Accounts of Authors, Works, Characters, Technical Terms, Geographical Names, Myths, Legends, and Several
1252:
has been a key and the oldest surviving text in
Jainism, was accepted and widely studied in all four Jaina traditions (Svetambara, Digambara, Sthanakvasi and Terapantha). His
749:, and is the earliest extant comprehensive Jain philosophy text accepted as authoritative by all four Jain traditions. His text has the same importance in Jainism as
972:(simultaneous existence and non-existence of something), and non-possession. The text, states Jaini, summarizes "religious, ethical and philosophical" themes of
1131:
In chapter 7, Umaswati presents the Jaina vows and explains their value in stopping karmic particle inflow to the soul. The vows, translates
Nathmal Tatia, are
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4338:
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2155:
928:. Neither mentions the other in his writings, and scholars have debated if there was any link between the two, and who preceded the other.
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2751:
2320:
1398:
to Jains, is recognized by all four Jain traditions as the earliest, most authoritative and comprehensive summary of their religion.".
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4407:
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4297:
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2398:
2347:
1260:, was commented on by numerous Jaina scholars in the centuries that followed, for instance the 8th or 10th century Digambar acharya
700:
654:
155:
481:
4402:
1194:
by Umaswati describe how karmic particles can be stopped from attaching to the soul and how these can be shed. He asserts that
784:. Umaswati was influential not only in Jainism, but also other Indian traditions over the centuries. The 13th- to 14th-century
4292:
819:(five supreme beings) in Jaina tradition. The theory mooted by Umaswati is that rebirth and suffering is on account of one's
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of Umasvati can be regarded as the main philosophical text of the religion and is recognized as authoritative by all Jains."
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4177:
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3723:
3179:
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Harmless Souls: Karmic Bondage and Religious Change in Early Jainism with Special Reference to Umāsvāti and Kundakunda
1721:
Harmless Souls: Karmic Bondage and Religious Change in Early Jainism with Special Reference to Umāsvāti and Kundakunda
1278:
1004:(world view), enlightened knowledge and enlightened conduct are the path to liberation" – Translated by Nathmal Tatia
516:
4392:
3943:
3310:
2971:
845:
Umaswati was born in Nyagrodhika village. His father was Svati and his mother was Uma. Umaswati was thus called as
4038:
3412:
2640:
2569:
1295:
724:, was an Indian scholar, possibly between 2nd-century and 5th-century CE, known for his foundational writings on
434:
406:
3392:
872:
According to Vidyabhusana's book published in 1920, Umaswati died in 85 CE. More recent scholarship, such as by
235:
3977:
3600:
3305:
2492:
649:
1007:"Right faith, right knowledge and right conduct constitute the path to liberation" – Translated by Vijay Jain
853:
after his mother's lineage. His name is a combination of the names of his parents. Umaswati is also known as
4256:
3876:
3858:
3172:
2645:
984:(reviews and commentaries) have been written. Umaswati states that these beliefs are essential to achieving
4382:
3955:
3913:
2681:
556:
4333:
4104:
3972:
3881:
2736:
693:
3513:
1248:
Umaswati was an influential, authoritative scholar in Indian history, particularly within Jainism. His
2741:
4318:
4282:
4068:
4063:
4033:
4018:
3998:
3967:
3938:
3078:
3052:
2731:
4323:
4202:
4165:
4139:
4078:
4028:
3588:
3456:
3153:
2604:
2485:
2441:
2417:
2407:
2390:
2339:
599:
150:
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773:
4313:
4287:
4160:
4003:
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3928:
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2529:
145:
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3256:
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2445:
2435:
2421:
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2316:
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2151:
2124:
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2018:
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809:
385:
329:
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800:. Some in the Digambara Jain tradition believe him to be the chief disciple of Acharya
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523:
509:
502:
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339:
299:
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225:
180:
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4277:
4129:
4114:
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3123:
3027:
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2534:
467:
369:
334:
140:
1507:
The Pravacana sara of kunda Kunda Acarya together with the commentary, Tattva-dipika
1240:, a guide for the aspirant on the path of peace and liberation from karmic bondage.
936:
4197:
4187:
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3701:
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205:
175:
130:
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2118:
2091:
2063:
2012:
1746:
1719:
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1582:
1505:
1475:
1412:
980:
or verses have found ready acceptance with all the sects of Jainas, and on which
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1120:
903:
878:
634:
530:
416:
364:
280:
220:
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1095:
Complete release of karmic particles leads to liberation from worldly bondage (
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4231:
4207:
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3830:
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2635:
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1290:
1148:
1001:
801:
757:
566:
561:
411:
401:
396:
304:
230:
102:
2165:
914:). He was the first Jain thinker to have written a philosophical work in the
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3711:
3696:
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3421:
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2519:
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862:
777:
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639:
629:
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439:
391:
1694:
A Comprehensive History of Jainism: From the Earliest Beginnings to AD 1000
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3728:
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977:
953:
762:
742:
379:
17:
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1111:
of perception; articulation that which is acquired through literature;
1088:
1079:
973:
725:
122:
75:
3196:
3164:
2477:
833:, ultimately leading to liberation. The main philosophy in Umaswati's
4251:
3749:
3489:
3356:
3322:
2907:
2880:
2272:
Acharya Umasvami's Tattvarthsutra: With Hindi and English Translation
1273:
1140:
1061:
981:
789:
551:
275:
210:
1068:
Karmic particles bind to the soul which transmigrate with rebirth (
837:
aphorisms is that "all life, both human and non-human, is sacred."
3886:
3863:
3332:
2386:
1170:
1108:
1052:
949:
935:
916:
911:
907:
270:
2437:
A History of Indian Logic: Ancient, Mediaeval, and Modern Schools
2120:
A History of Indian Logic: Ancient, Mediaeval and Modern Schools
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1174:
well as the status of the soul within the same species, such as
826:
3168:
2481:
887:
is among the oldest surviving Jaina philosophy text along with
813:(head of the monastic order, teacher) and therefore one of the
2144:
Karl H. Potter; Dalsukh Malvania; Jayendra Soni, eds. (2003).
1965:
1963:
1906:
1904:
1876:
1874:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1375:
1373:
1371:
895:, but dates Umaswati and the text to the 4th- to 5th-century.
1766:
Thus, there is a vast literature available but it seems that
1414:
Between the Empires : Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE
1115:
is perception of things outside the natural reach of senses;
991:
His sutra have been variously translated. The first verse of
1982:
1980:
1978:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1921:
1919:
1891:
1889:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1587:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 35 with footnote 23.
2236:, EB Cowell (Translator), Trubner & Co, pages 46–60
1394:, p. xi–xiii, Quote: "That Which Is, known as the
804:. However, this is disputed by some Western scholars.
2093:Śāstrārambha: Inquiries Into the Preamble in Sanskrit
1584:Śāstrārambha: Inquiries Into the Preamble in Sanskrit
1477:
An Archaeological History of Religions of Indian Asia
924:
doctrines differ in the details, such as those about
2252:
Free Will, Agency, and Selfhood in Indian Philosophy
2170:, Quote: "Vidyananda, Tattvarthasutra-Slokavarttika"
1327:
1325:
4306:
4270:
4153:
4092:
4056:
3986:
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2934:
2906:
2765:
2664:
2623:
2568:
940:
Chart showing Samyak Darsana as per Tattvarthasutra
796:, for example referred to Umaswati in his works as
776:sects of Jainism as their own. On the basis of his
98:
93:
81:
71:
63:
55:
50:
31:
1103:Umaswati categorizes the types of knowledge to be
829:of virtuous living with austerities cleanses this
2183:Indian Semantic Analysis: The Nirvacana Tradition
1059:Karmic particles exist that inflow to each soul (
1037:presents seven categories of truth in sutra 1.4:
2465:Umaswati in Epigraphical and Literary Tradition
997:
960:. He includes the doctrines on the subjects of
1724:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 46–51, 91–96.
1510:. Cambridge University Press. pp. xv–xvi.
3180:
2493:
1612:
1417:. Oxford University Press. pp. 395–396.
1406:
1404:
694:
8:
2249:Dasti, Matthew R.; Bryant, Edwin F. (2014),
2096:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 34–43.
1469:
1467:
1458:
1411:Paul Dundas (2006). Patrick Olivelle (ed.).
1998:
1624:
1556:
1520:
1499:
1497:
825:(deeds) and a life lived in accordance to
3901:
3417:
3187:
3173:
3165:
2500:
2486:
2478:
2186:. Cambridge University Press. p. 21.
1697:. Munshiram Manoharlal. pp. 282–283.
1086:Karmic particles can fall away from soul (
898:Umaswati authored his scriptural work the
701:
687:
109:
39:
28:
2359:That which is (Translator: Nathmal Tatia)
2309:Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2007),
2150:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 594–600.
2123:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 186–187.
2069:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 348–349.
2017:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 154–157.
2014:Hindu Spirituality: Vedas Through Vedanta
1379:
1229:and the Digambara version listing seven.
2049:
2037:
1969:
1937:
1910:
1880:
1865:
1853:
1841:
1829:
1817:
1793:
1781:
1532:
1391:
1362:
1350:
1077:Karmic particles inflow can be stopped (
2335:Essays in Jaina Philosophy and Religion
2234:Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha by Madhavacharya
1670:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 33–34.
1667:Essays in Jaina Philosophy and Religion
1640:Essays in Jaina Philosophy and Religion
1321:
737:(literally '"All That Is", also called
121:
1748:The Scientific Foundations of Jainism
1568:
1544:
1437:
7:
2434:Vidyabhusana, Satis Chandra (1920),
1986:
1954:
1925:
1895:
1805:
1751:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 103.
1331:
2470:Selections From Acharya Umaswami’s
2213:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 46.
2117:Satis Chandra Vidyabhusana (1920).
1643:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 25.
2147:Volume X: Jain Philosophy (Part I)
1151:(abstinence from possessiveness).
956:language, enunciates the complete
25:
1147:(abstinence from carnality), and
1033:The core theology of Umaswati in
976:in the second century India. The
741:). Umaswati's work was the first
4357:
3195:
2413:Jainism: The World of Conquerors
995:has been translated as follows:
768:Umaswati is claimed by both the
668:
129:
2040:, pp. 297, also back flap.
1504:B Faddegon; F W Thomas (1935).
849:after his father's name and as
4293:List of Digambar Jain ascetics
2382:The Jaina Path of Purification
2062:Sures Chandra Banerji (1989).
1691:Asim Kumar Chatterjee (2000).
1480:. Paragon House. p. 221.
1:
1186:Shedding karma and liberation
1139:(abstinence from falsehood),
2362:, Rowman & Littlefield,
1143:(abstinence from stealing),
1135:(abstinence from violence),
1050:Non-sentient matter exists (
906:or Kusumapura (now known as
45:Image of Umaswami / Umaswati
3378:
2356:Umāsvāti, Umaswami (1994),
2289:Lloyd, Christopher (2009),
1820:, p. xviii–xx, 2–3, 6.
1169:presents his sutras on how
510:Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara)
286:Aparigraha (non-possession)
4429:
4388:2nd-century Indian writers
2011:Krishna Sivaraman (1989).
1664:Piotr Balcerowicz (2003).
1637:Piotr Balcerowicz (2003).
1165:Umaswati, in chapter 8 of
1158:
1026:
496:Dravyasamgraha (Digambara)
475:Pravachanasara (Digambara)
4354:
2896:
2555:
2515:
2295:, Bloomsbury Publishing,
1107:, attained through one's
1023:Seven categories of truth
38:
4408:2nd-century Indian monks
4398:2nd-century Indian Jains
2312:Encyclopedia of Hinduism
650:Parasparopagraho Jivanam
503:Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara)
293:Anuvratas (further vows)
4257:Jain terms and concepts
3877:Digambar Jain Mahasabha
2315:, Infobase Publishing,
2292:What on Earth Happened?
2269:Jain, Vijay K. (2011),
739:Tattvarthadhigama Sutra
259:Mahavratas (major vows)
4403:2nd-century Jain monks
2207:W. J. Johnson (1995).
1718:W. J. Johnson (1995).
1020:
941:
798:Umasvati-Vachakacharya
557:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak
468:Samayasāra (Digambara)
281:Brahmacarya (chastity)
4288:List of Jain ascetics
4093:Dynasties and empires
3882:Vishwa Jain Sangathan
2180:Eivind Kahrs (1998).
2090:Walter Slaje (2008).
1784:, pp. xiii–xvii.
1745:K. V. Mardia (1990).
1581:Walter Slaje (2008).
1474:Jack Finegan (1989).
1380:Jones & Ryan 2007
939:
780:, he was also called
276:Asteya (non-stealing)
266:Ahiṃsā (non-violence)
4283:List of Jain temples
3079:Chandrashekhar Vijay
1198:(curbing activity),
435:Schools and Branches
4413:Indian male writers
4364:Religion portal
4298:Topics List (index)
3589:Mahamastakabhisheka
2605:Digambara Terapanth
2509:Jain monks and nuns
2442:Motilal Banarsidass
2418:Motilal Banarsidass
2391:Motilal Banarsidass
2377:Jaini, Padmanabh S.
2340:Motilal Banarsidass
2275:, Vikalp Printers,
2052:, p. XLV, 206.
1989:, pp. 146–151.
1972:, pp. 250–263.
1957:, pp. 126–145.
1940:, pp. 213–248.
1928:, pp. 121–124.
1913:, pp. 200–203.
1898:, pp. 118–119.
1883:, pp. 195–199.
1868:, pp. 169–170.
1382:, pp. 439–440.
675:Religion portal
365:The 24 Tirthankaras
4262:Sexual differences
2869:Ganeshprasad Varni
2530:Indrabhuti Gautama
2330:Balcerowicz, Piotr
1613:Natubhai Shah 2004
1461:, pp. 168–69.
1365:, p. xi–xiii.
1155:Karma and rebirths
942:
792:Vedanta school of
728:. He authored the
716:, also spelled as
482:Agama (Śvetāmbara)
67:2nd to 5th century
59:1st to 5th century
4393:Indian Jain monks
4370:
4369:
4052:
4051:
3831:Hampa Nagarajaiah
3724:Auspicious dreams
3652:Bhaktamara Stotra
3525:
3524:
3162:
3161:
2942:Keśiśramanācharya
2451:978-81-208-0565-1
2369:978-0-06-068985-8
2302:978-1-4088-0597-8
2282:978-81-903639-2-1
2262:978-0-19-992275-8
2220:978-81-208-1309-0
2193:978-0-521-63188-4
2130:978-81-208-0565-1
2103:978-3-447-05645-8
2076:978-81-208-0063-2
2024:978-81-208-1254-3
2001:, pp. 30–31.
1856:, pp. 7–168.
1844:, pp. 33–62.
1832:, pp. 12–15.
1758:978-81-208-0658-0
1731:978-81-208-1309-0
1704:978-81-215-0931-2
1677:978-81-208-1977-1
1650:978-81-208-1977-1
1594:978-3-447-05645-8
1487:978-0-913729-43-4
1459:Vidyabhusana 1920
1424:978-0-19-977507-1
1190:The chapter 9 of
1000:"The enlightened
988:or emancipation.
807:Umaswati, was an
745:language text on
711:
710:
330:Micchami Dukkadam
325:Bhaktamara Stotra
254:Ethics of Jainism
108:
107:
16:(Redirected from
4420:
4362:
4361:
4324:Monks & nuns
4221:Statue of Ahimsa
4178:Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
3902:
3816:Champat Rai Jain
3659:Tattvartha Sutra
3418:
3381:
3199:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3166:
2947:Swayamprabhasuri
2926:Kharatara Gaccha
2502:
2495:
2488:
2479:
2472:Tattvaarth Sutra
2454:
2430:
2403:
2372:
2352:
2325:
2305:
2285:
2265:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2157:978-81-20831-698
2141:
2135:
2134:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2059:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2008:
2002:
1999:Balcerowicz 2003
1996:
1990:
1984:
1973:
1967:
1958:
1952:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1914:
1908:
1899:
1893:
1884:
1878:
1869:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1768:Tattvartha Sutra
1742:
1736:
1735:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1634:
1628:
1625:Balcerowicz 2003
1622:
1616:
1610:
1599:
1598:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1557:Balcerowicz 2003
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1521:DastiBryant 2014
1518:
1512:
1511:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1471:
1462:
1456:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1408:
1399:
1396:Tattvartha Sutra
1389:
1383:
1377:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1335:
1329:
1269:Tattvartha Sutra
1267:Umaswati's text
1254:Tattvartha Sutra
1250:Tattvartha Sutra
1236:, he also wrote
1234:Tattvartha Sutra
1222:Tattvartha Sutra
1192:Tattvartha Sutra
1167:Tattvartha Sutra
1161:Karma in Jainism
1035:Tattvartha Sutra
1029:Tattva (Jainism)
1018:
1015:Tattvartha Sutra
993:Tattvartha Sutra
948:, an aphoristic
946:Tattvartha Sutra
944:Umaswati in his
900:Tattvartha Sutra
884:Tattvartha Sutra
816:Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
794:Hindu philosophy
734:Tattvartha Sutra
703:
696:
689:
673:
672:
610:Shravanabelagola
517:Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi
489:Tattvartha Sutra
133:
110:
94:Religious career
87:Tattvartha Sutra
43:
29:
21:
4428:
4427:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4356:
4350:
4302:
4266:
4215:Panch Kalyanaka
4149:
4088:
4084:Non-creationism
4048:
3982:
3893:
3845:
3826:Jeffery D. Long
3821:Padmanabh Jaini
3806:Virchand Gandhi
3786:Colette Caillat
3769:
3733:
3683:
3610:
3521:
3471:
3407:
3294:Heavenly beings
3231:
3203:
3193:
3163:
3158:
3149:Daulatsagarsuri
3119:Ratnasundarsuri
3109:Ramchandra Suri
3074:Buddhisagarsuri
3062:
3053:Vidyamandansuri
3018:Kalyansagarsuri
3013:Aryarakshitsuri
3003:Bappabhattisuri
2986:
2952:Ratnaprabhasuri
2930:
2902:
2892:
2761:
2660:
2619:
2564:
2560:Digambara monks
2551:
2511:
2506:
2461:
2452:
2433:
2428:
2416:, vol. I,
2406:
2401:
2375:
2370:
2355:
2350:
2332:, ed. (2003) ,
2328:
2323:
2308:
2303:
2288:
2283:
2268:
2263:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2158:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2104:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2010:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1953:
1944:
1936:
1932:
1924:
1917:
1909:
1902:
1894:
1887:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1860:
1852:
1848:
1840:
1836:
1828:
1824:
1816:
1812:
1804:
1800:
1796:, pp. 5–6.
1792:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1759:
1744:
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1739:
1732:
1717:
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1555:
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1531:
1527:
1519:
1515:
1503:
1502:
1495:
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1473:
1472:
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1457:
1444:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1410:
1409:
1402:
1390:
1386:
1378:
1369:
1361:
1357:
1353:, p. xiii.
1349:
1338:
1330:
1323:
1319:
1287:
1246:
1218:
1188:
1163:
1157:
1129:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1005:
958:Jain philosophy
934:
902:when he was in
889:Bhagavati Sutra
874:Padmanabh Jaini
843:
835:Tatvartha Sutra
747:Jain philosophy
707:
667:
660:
659:
625:
624:
615:
614:
582:
581:
572:
571:
547:
546:
537:
536:
462:
461:
459:Jain literature
450:
449:
432:
431:
422:
421:
360:
359:
350:
349:
340:Ṇamōkāra mantra
320:
319:
310:
309:
251:
250:
241:
240:
171:
170:
82:Notable work(s)
46:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4426:
4424:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4375:
4374:
4368:
4367:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4341:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4310:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4217:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
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4170:
4169:
4168:
4157:
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4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4096:
4094:
4090:
4089:
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4076:
4071:
4066:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4041:
4039:Southeast Asia
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3953:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3910:
3908:
3899:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3873:Organisations
3871:
3866:
3861:
3855:
3853:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3841:Jinendra Varni
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3811:Hermann Jacobi
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3745:Digambara monk
3741:
3739:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3704:
3699:
3693:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3679:Uttaradhyayana
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3647:Namokar Mantra
3641:
3636:
3634:Shatkhandagama
3631:
3629:Pravachanasara
3626:
3620:
3618:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
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3550:
3549:
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3527:
3526:
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3522:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3481:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3440:Kashtha Sangha
3437:
3435:Balatkara Gana
3426:
3424:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3330:
3320:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3279:Jain cosmology
3276:
3275:
3274:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3241:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3201:Jainism topics
3194:
3192:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3169:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3134:Vijayanandsuri
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3104:Vimalsagarsuri
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2938:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2874:Jinendra Varni
2871:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2808:Saubhagyasagar
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
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2684:
2679:
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2668:
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2661:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2588:Kashtha Sangha
2585:
2583:Balatkara Gana
2574:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2467:
2460:
2459:External links
2457:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2431:
2426:
2408:Shah, Natubhai
2404:
2399:
2373:
2368:
2353:
2348:
2326:
2322:978-0816054589
2321:
2306:
2301:
2286:
2281:
2266:
2261:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2226:
2219:
2199:
2192:
2172:
2156:
2136:
2129:
2109:
2102:
2082:
2075:
2054:
2042:
2030:
2023:
2003:
1991:
1974:
1959:
1942:
1930:
1915:
1900:
1885:
1870:
1858:
1846:
1834:
1822:
1810:
1798:
1786:
1774:
1757:
1737:
1730:
1710:
1703:
1683:
1676:
1656:
1649:
1629:
1617:
1600:
1593:
1573:
1561:
1549:
1547:, p. 142.
1537:
1525:
1513:
1493:
1486:
1463:
1442:
1430:
1423:
1400:
1384:
1367:
1355:
1336:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1286:
1283:
1256:, also called
1245:
1242:
1217:
1214:
1187:
1184:
1156:
1153:
1128:
1125:
1101:
1100:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1066:
1057:
1048:
1027:Main article:
1024:
1021:
1010:
998:
933:
930:
891:and the older
855:Vacaka-sramana
842:
839:
752:Vedanta Sutras
709:
708:
706:
705:
698:
691:
683:
680:
679:
678:
677:
662:
661:
658:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
626:
622:
621:
620:
617:
616:
613:
612:
607:
602:
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592:
583:
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578:
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573:
570:
569:
564:
559:
554:
548:
544:
543:
542:
539:
538:
535:
534:
527:
524:Silappatikaram
520:
513:
506:
499:
492:
485:
478:
471:
463:
457:
456:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
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433:
429:
428:
427:
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404:
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394:
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382:
377:
372:
367:
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321:
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65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
48:
47:
44:
36:
35:
32:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4425:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4383:Jain acharyas
4381:
4380:
4378:
4365:
4360:
4353:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4278:List of Jains
4276:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4203:Jain calendar
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4152:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4045:
4044:United States
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3979:
3978:Uttar Pradesh
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3896:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3781:Nalini Balbir
3779:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3559:Vegetarianism
3557:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3474:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3380:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3190:
3185:
3183:
3178:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3155:
3154:Hansratnasuri
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3124:Kalapurnasuri
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3028:Jinadattasuri
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2916:Upkeśa Gaccha
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2677:Bhadrabahu II
2675:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2641:Samantabhadra
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2535:Sudharmaswami
2533:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2503:
2498:
2496:
2491:
2489:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2427:81-208-1938-1
2423:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2400:81-208-1578-5
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2349:81-208-1977-2
2345:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2327:
2324:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2222:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2203:
2200:
2195:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2176:
2173:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2140:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2050:Umāsvāti 1994
2046:
2043:
2039:
2038:Umāsvāti 1994
2034:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1970:Umāsvāti 1994
1966:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1938:Umāsvāti 1994
1934:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1911:Umāsvāti 1994
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1881:Umāsvāti 1994
1877:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1866:Umāsvāti 1994
1862:
1859:
1855:
1854:Umāsvāti 1994
1850:
1847:
1843:
1842:Umāsvāti 1994
1838:
1835:
1831:
1830:Umāsvāti 1994
1826:
1823:
1819:
1818:Umāsvāti 1994
1814:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1799:
1795:
1794:Umāsvāti 1994
1790:
1787:
1783:
1782:Umāsvāti 1994
1778:
1775:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1741:
1738:
1733:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1687:
1684:
1679:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1660:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1633:
1630:
1627:, p. 25.
1626:
1621:
1618:
1615:, p. 48.
1614:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1577:
1574:
1571:, p. 81.
1570:
1565:
1562:
1559:, p. 26.
1558:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1533:Umāsvāti 1994
1529:
1526:
1523:, p. 72.
1522:
1517:
1514:
1509:
1508:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1440:, p. 82.
1439:
1434:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1392:Umāsvāti 1994
1388:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1363:Umāsvāti 1994
1359:
1356:
1352:
1351:Umāsvāti 1994
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1334:, p. vi.
1333:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:Samantabhadra
1294:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1223:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:Souls exist (
1040:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1030:
1022:
1016:
1008:
1003:
996:
994:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
938:
931:
929:
927:
921:
919:
918:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
885:
880:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
840:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
823:
818:
817:
812:
811:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
788:, founder of
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
766:
764:
760:
759:
754:
753:
748:
744:
740:
736:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:and known as
719:
715:
704:
699:
697:
692:
690:
685:
684:
682:
681:
676:
671:
666:
665:
664:
663:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
619:
618:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
587:
586:
576:
575:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
549:
541:
540:
533:
532:
528:
526:
525:
521:
519:
518:
514:
512:
511:
507:
505:
504:
500:
498:
497:
493:
491:
490:
486:
484:
483:
479:
477:
476:
472:
470:
469:
465:
464:
460:
454:
453:
446:
443:
441:
438:
437:
436:
426:
425:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
407:Samantabhadra
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
387:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
362:
358:Major figures
354:
353:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
335:Navkar Mantra
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
322:
314:
313:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
294:
291:
290:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
271:Satya (truth)
269:
267:
264:
263:
260:
257:
256:
255:
245:
244:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
173:
169:
163:
162:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
138:
137:
136:
132:
128:
127:
124:
120:
116:
112:
111:
104:
101:
97:
92:
89:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
42:
37:
30:
27:
19:
4219:
4198:Samavasarana
4188:Śalākāpuruṣa
3796:John E. Cort
3707:Ashtamangala
3702:Siddhachakra
3639:Kasayapahuda
3606:Pratikramana
3514:Sthānakavāsī
3272:Anekāntavāda
3268:Jaina logic
3262:Kevala Jñāna
3257:Epistemology
3114:Rajendrasuri
2972:Devardhigani
2962:Sthulabhadra
2747:Prabhācandra
2672:Amritchandra
2546:
2471:
2436:
2412:
2381:
2358:
2334:
2311:
2291:
2271:
2251:
2229:
2209:
2202:
2182:
2175:
2146:
2139:
2119:
2112:
2092:
2085:
2064:
2057:
2045:
2033:
2013:
2006:
1994:
1933:
1861:
1849:
1837:
1825:
1813:
1808:, p. 2.
1801:
1789:
1777:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1747:
1740:
1720:
1713:
1693:
1686:
1666:
1659:
1639:
1632:
1620:
1583:
1576:
1564:
1552:
1540:
1528:
1516:
1506:
1476:
1433:
1413:
1395:
1387:
1358:
1306:Sthulabhadra
1268:
1266:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1210:
1205:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1179:
1175:
1166:
1164:
1145:brahmacharya
1136:
1130:
1117:mind reading
1113:clairvoyance
1102:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1034:
1032:
1014:
999:
992:
990:
970:Anekantavada
962:non-violence
945:
943:
926:anekantavada
925:
922:
915:
899:
897:
893:Rsibhasitani
892:
888:
882:
881:agrees that
871:
866:
859:Nagaravacaka
858:
854:
850:
846:
844:
834:
830:
820:
814:
808:
806:
797:
786:Madhvacharya
782:Nagaravachka
781:
767:
756:
750:
738:
732:
721:
717:
713:
712:
645:Jain symbols
529:
522:
515:
508:
501:
494:
487:
480:
473:
466:
384:
345:Jai Jinendra
318:Jain prayers
292:
258:
206:Kevala Jnana
176:Anekantavada
85:
26:
4140:Rashtrakuta
4057:Jainism and
3956:Maharashtra
3914:Bundelkhand
3801:Paul Dundas
3674:Kalpa Sūtra
3669:Aptamimamsa
3554:Monasticism
3485:Murtipujaka
3467:Kanji Panth
3447:Taran Panth
3430:Mula Sangha
3284:Siddhashila
3217:Tirthankara
3144:Vallabhsuri
3094:Mahashraman
3084:Jambuvijaya
3023:Yashovijaya
3008:Hemachandra
2921:Tapa Gaccha
2857:Tarun Sagar
2842:Pranamsagar
2837:Pramansagar
2832:Pragyasagar
2827:Kshamasagar
2783:Deshbhushan
2778:Shantisagar
2757:Taran Svami
2742:Yativṛṣabha
2692:Nemichandra
2646:Pushpadanta
2615:Kanji Panth
2595:Taran Panth
2578:Mula Sangha
1238:Prasamarati
1232:Along with
1178:(upper) or
1121:omniscience
904:Pataliputra
879:Paul Dundas
847:Svatitanaya
655:Topics list
580:Pilgrimages
531:Valayapathi
430:Major sects
417:Yashovijaya
221:Brahmacarya
4377:Categories
4319:Literature
4208:Samvatsari
3973:Tamil Nadu
3898:Jainism in
3717:Nandavarta
3664:Samayasāra
3616:Literature
3584:Kshamavani
3579:Paryushana
3542:Meditation
3537:Sallekhana
3477:Śvetāmbara
3398:Ratnatraya
3318:Gunasthana
3237:Philosophy
3089:Mahāprajña
3058:Udayaratna
3043:Hiravijaya
3033:Jinaharsha
2998:Haribhadra
2977:Siddhasena
2967:Jinabhadra
2957:Bhadrabahu
2899:Śvetāmbara
2852:Sudhasagar
2847:Pulaksagar
2822:Guptisagar
2793:Guptinandi
2788:Vidyasagar
2752:Vidyananda
2682:Gunabhadra
2636:Kundakunda
2542:Bhadrabahu
2255:, OUP US,
2243:References
2066:Appendices
1569:Jaini 1998
1545:Lloyd 2009
1438:Jaini 1998
1311:Hemchandra
1301:Bhadrabahu
1291:Haribhadra
1262:Vidyananda
1159:See also:
1149:aparigraha
1013:Umaswati,
932:Philosophy
802:Kundakunda
774:Śvētāmbara
758:Yogasutras
567:Samvatsari
562:Paryushana
445:Śvetāmbara
412:Haribhadra
402:Siddhasena
397:Kundakunda
305:Sallekhana
231:Gunasthana
226:Aparigraha
168:Philosophy
103:Kundakunda
4237:Sculpture
4173:Ekendriya
4034:Singapore
4019:Hong Kong
3999:Australia
3968:Rajasthan
3939:Karnataka
3851:Community
3836:Bal Patil
3791:Chandabai
3760:Pattavali
3712:Shrivatsa
3697:Jain flag
3574:Festivals
3530:Practices
3518:Terapanth
3505:Tristutik
3495:Kharatara
3457:Terapanth
3452:Bispanthi
3422:Digambara
3245:Five Vows
3222:Ganadhara
3099:Prem Suri
3048:Manatunga
3038:Anandghan
2982:Vimalsuri
2803:Aryanandi
2798:Gyansagar
2737:Aparajita
2727:Kumudendu
2717:Manatunga
2687:Pujyapada
2656:Vattakera
2651:Bhutabali
2631:Dharasena
2600:Bispanthi
2525:Ganadhara
2520:Pattavali
2410:(2004) ,
2379:(1998) ,
2166:718313318
1987:Jain 2011
1955:Jain 2011
1926:Jain 2011
1896:Jain 2011
1806:Jain 2011
1332:Jain 2011
1258:Dasasutri
1244:Reception
1105:empirical
867:Umasvamin
865:call him
863:Digambara
851:Vatsisuta
841:Biography
778:genealogy
770:Digambara
730:Jain text
640:Jain flag
630:Ekendriya
605:Shikharji
545:Festivals
440:Digambara
392:Ganadhara
181:Cosmology
4329:Scholars
4307:Navboxes
4166:Timeline
4115:Ikshvaku
4100:Chalukya
4069:Hinduism
4064:Buddhism
4029:Pakistan
3987:Overseas
3774:Scholars
3755:Kshullak
3738:Ascetics
3729:Swastika
3547:Sāmāyika
3462:Yapaniya
3413:Branches
3139:Nemisuri
2991:Medieval
2901:ascetics
2886:Gyanmati
2864:Kshullak
2732:Harisena
2722:Ravisena
2712:Akalanka
2707:Jayasena
2702:Jinasena
2697:Virasena
2665:Medieval
2610:Yapaniya
2570:Branches
2547:Umaswati
1285:See also
1011:—
954:Sanskrit
952:text in
763:Hinduism
761:have in
743:Sanskrit
722:Umaswami
718:Umasvati
714:Umaswati
595:Palitana
380:Mahavira
370:Rishabha
300:Sāmāyika
151:Timeline
115:a series
113:Part of
72:Religion
51:Personal
33:Umaswati
18:Umaswami
4339:America
4334:Temples
4183:Pratima
4161:History
4154:Related
4145:Santara
4125:Kalinga
4120:Kadamba
4110:Hoysala
4079:Sikhism
4004:Belgium
3934:Haryana
3929:Gujarat
3859:Śrāvaka
3765:Acharya
3689:Symbols
3643:Mantra
3596:Upadhan
3569:Rituals
3564:Fasting
3403:Kashaya
3393:Saṃsāra
3372:Nirjara
3367:Samvara
3338:Pudgala
3227:Arihant
2935:Ancient
2908:Gacchas
2773:Acharya
2624:Ancient
1279:dualism
1089:nirjara
1080:samvara
1002:darsana
974:Jainism
920:style.
810:Acharya
726:Jainism
635:Temples
386:Arihant
236:Saṃsāra
146:History
123:Jainism
99:Teacher
76:Jainism
4344:Bengal
4252:Nigoda
4227:Temple
4193:Tirtha
4135:Pandya
4130:Maurya
4014:Europe
4009:Canada
3994:Africa
3961:Mumbai
3951:Kerala
3750:Aryika
3490:Gaccha
3362:Bandha
3357:Asrava
3352:Tattva
3343:Dharma
3323:Dravya
3311:Causes
3289:Naraka
3250:Ahimsa
3067:Modern
2881:Aryika
2766:Modern
2448:
2424:
2397:
2366:
2346:
2319:
2299:
2279:
2259:
2217:
2190:
2164:
2154:
2127:
2100:
2073:
2021:
1764:Quote:
1755:
1728:
1701:
1674:
1647:
1591:
1484:
1421:
1274:Hindus
1206:ahimsa
1201:dharma
1180:Nicchi
1141:asteya
1137:anirta
1133:ahimsa
1127:Ethics
1119:; and
1097:moksha
1071:bandha
1062:asrava
986:moksha
982:bhasya
978:Sūtras
966:ahimsa
790:Dvaita
600:Girnar
552:Diwali
375:Pārśva
249:Ethics
216:Tattva
211:Dravya
196:Dharma
186:Ahimsa
4271:Lists
4232:Stupa
4105:Ganga
4074:Islam
4024:Japan
3944:North
3919:Delhi
3906:India
3887:JAINA
3869:Tamil
3864:Sarak
3624:Agama
3601:Tapas
3388:Death
3379:Mokṣa
3333:Ajiva
3306:Types
3301:Karma
3129:Tulsi
2387:Delhi
1317:Notes
1227:nayas
1216:Works
1196:gupti
1176:Ucchi
1171:karma
1109:sense
1053:ajiva
950:sutra
917:sutra
912:Bihar
908:Patna
831:karma
822:karma
623:Other
585:Tirth
201:Mokṣa
191:Karma
156:Index
141:Jains
4314:Gods
3500:Tapa
3328:Jīva
3209:Gods
2817:Muni
2446:ISBN
2422:ISBN
2395:ISBN
2364:ISBN
2344:ISBN
2317:ISBN
2297:ISBN
2277:ISBN
2257:ISBN
2215:ISBN
2188:ISBN
2162:OCLC
2152:ISBN
2125:ISBN
2098:ISBN
2071:ISBN
2019:ISBN
1753:ISBN
1726:ISBN
1699:ISBN
1672:ISBN
1645:ISBN
1589:ISBN
1482:ISBN
1419:ISBN
1220:The
1044:Jīva
857:and
827:vows
772:and
755:and
64:Died
56:Born
4247:Law
4242:Art
3924:Goa
1017:1.1
964:or
590:Abu
4379::
2444:,
2440:,
2420:,
2393:,
2389::
2385:,
2342:,
2338:,
2160:.
1977:^
1962:^
1945:^
1918:^
1903:^
1888:^
1873:^
1761:.
1603:^
1496:^
1466:^
1445:^
1403:^
1370:^
1339:^
1324:^
1281:.
1264:.
968:,
910:,
869:.
861:.
765:.
117:on
3188:e
3181:t
3174:v
2501:e
2494:t
2487:v
2223:.
2196:.
2168:.
2133:.
2106:.
2079:.
2027:.
1734:.
1707:.
1680:.
1653:.
1597:.
1535:.
1490:.
1427:.
1099:)
1092:)
1083:)
1074:)
1065:)
1056:)
1047:)
702:e
695:t
688:v
20:)
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