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278:. The ancient Yakima River is believed to have been there, flowing southward above the relatively flat basalt layers. As the layers compressed, the anticlines slowly rose. The river continued to follow its historic course, cutting downward through the basalt to maintain a relative level. This view is supported by the significant meanders found in the canyon today; when a river has
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273:
The highest ridge through which the Yakima flows, the
Umtanum Ridge, rises to 983 meters (3225 feet) within 1 km of the river, which lies at about 470 meters (1542 feet) in elevation at the closest point. This unusual juxtaposition (rivers cutting through ridges rather than flowing
254:) running roughly east–west as a result of north–south compression. On its way to join the Columbia River, the Yakima River cuts from the Kittitas Valley southward through four major ridges formed by this compression: the Manastash Ridge, the Umtanum Ridge, the
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The great basalt flows of the
Columbia Basin and of the Ellensburg Formation, in some places over 5000 meters (17,000 feet) thick, have been
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Cataclysms on the
Columbia : a layman's guide to the features produced by the catastrophic Bretz floods in the Pacific Northwest
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191:") was once the main route between Ellensburg and Yakima. The old highway still runs close to the river through the canyon, with
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195:(which replaced the old highway) currently carrying most traffic between Ellensburg and Yakima on large bridges nearby.
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Photo showing roads parallel to the Yakima River as it discharges from the Yakima River Canyon outside of
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A view north from
Umtanum Ridge into the Yakima River Canyon from the west of the Yakima River.
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Channeled
Scabland of Eastern Washington:The Geologic Story of the Spokane Flood
602:
On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods: A Geological Guide to the Mid-Columbia Basin
202:
in 1980. The landmark is characterized by a series of steep-sided ridges in the
282:, they tend to be preserved in rock as the river eats into a rising anticline.
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Umtanum Ridge at the point where it bifurcates into north & south ridges
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Fly fishing from drift boat on the Yakima River in the Yakima River Canyon.
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The
Geological History of the Wenatchee Valley and Adjacent Vicinity
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521:
Allen, John Eliot; Burns, Marjorie; Sargent, Sam C. (c. 1986).
677:. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1982. ISBN.
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through apparently more favorable routes) is an example of
439:"Landmark Highlights 2021 (U.S. National Park Service)"
269:
A view south from
Umtanum Ridge into the Yakima Canyon.
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which are cut through axially by the Yakima River. A
632:. Wenatchee, Washington: World Publishing Company.
122:
83:
71:
21:
648:
711:National Natural Landmarks in Washington (state)
564:Glacial Lake Missoula & its Humongous Floods
51:
621:The Channeled Scabland of the Columbia Plateau
198:The Umtanum Ridge Water Gap was designated a
16:Geologic feature in Washington, United States
8:
623:. Journal of Geology, v.31, p.617-649. ISBN.
525:. Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 104.
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171:"), and is located between the cities of
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375:Umtanum Water Gap of the Yakima Canyon
726:Landforms of Yakima County, Washington
566:. Mountain Press Publishing Company.
547:. Mountain Press Publishing Company.
7:
684:Washington Road and Recreation Atlas
581:Babcock, Scott; Carson, Bob (2000).
226:". These anticlines are part of the
686:. Medford, Oregon: Benchmark Maps.
604:. Keokee Books; San Point, Idaho.
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70:
50:
43:
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647:Mueller, Ted and Marge (1997).
545:Roadside Geology of Washington
543:& Hyndman, Donald (1984).
1:
736:Valleys of Washington (state)
716:Geology of Washington (state)
628:Mason, Charles L. (c. 2006).
230:near the western edge of the
262:to reach the Yakima Valley.
583:Hiking Washington's Geology
422:A view from the north near
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185:Washington State Route 821
657:University of Idaho Press
651:Fire, Faults & Floods
600:Bjornstad, Bruce (2006).
493:"Umtanum Ridge Water Gap"
426:toward the Yakima Canyon.
200:National Natural Landmark
155:is a geologic feature in
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731:Water gaps of Washington
619:Bretz, J Harlen (1923).
153:Umtanum Ridge Water Gap
22:Umtanum Ridge Water Gap
427:
424:Ellensburg, Washington
396:46.81056°N 120.44444°W
359:46.85000°N 120.54444°W
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232:Columbia River Plateau
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107:46.85000°N 120.54444°W
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204:Columbia River basalt
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585:. The Mountaineers.
482:Pub:Benchmark (2002)
401:46.81056; -120.44444
364:46.85000; -120.54444
327:46.85750; -120.38333
187:(formerly numbered "
112:46.85000; -120.54444
562:Alt, David (2001).
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276:geologic precedence
169:Yakima River Canyon
163:. It includes the
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505:the original
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446:. Retrieved
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296:Coordinates
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256:Yakima Ridge
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212:Yakima River
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443:www.nps.gov
399: /
387:120°26′40″W
362: /
350:120°32′40″W
325: /
313:120°23′00″W
110: /
98:120°32′40″W
85:Coordinates
705:Categories
541:Alt, David
515:Literature
448:2022-06-10
414:References
384:46°48′38″N
347:46°51′00″N
310:46°51′27″N
258:, and the
248:anticlines
216:anticlines
173:Ellensburg
123:Designated
95:46°51′00″N
77:Washington
61:Washington
293:Location
286:Locations
252:synclines
208:water gap
280:meanders
218:named "
214:through
75:central
72:Location
497:nps.gov
222:" and "
159:in the
59:Map of
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244:folded
177:Yakima
167:(or "
79:state
63:state
688:ISBN
661:ISBN
634:ISBN
606:ISBN
587:ISBN
568:ISBN
549:ISBN
527:ISBN
183:.
175:and
126:1980
179:in
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140:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
