425:(near El Paso) where 250 infant, child and teenage migrants were detained. The lawyers accused the government of neglecting and mistreating the young migrants. The relatively older minors had to take care of the younger ones. The children said they were not fed fruits or vegetables and had not bathed or changed their clothes in weeks. The children were "essentially being warehoused, as many as 300 children in a cell, with almost no adult supervision." The children were "malnourished", there were outbreaks of flu and lice, and "children sleeping on the floor". Professor Warren Binford of the Willamette University was one of the inspectors. She declared that in her years of inspections, this was "the worst conditions" she had ever seen. She also said that the children at Clint were claiming asylum. In response to the situation at Clint, Customs and Border Protection (CBP) declared: "our short-term holding facilities were not designed to hold vulnerable populations and we urgently need additional humanitarian funding to manage this crisis."
17:
386:
528:
394:
of a "family unit" or an unaccompanied minor, according to the following definition: "Individuals under the age of 18 who were not with their biological parent or legal guardian at the time of the encounter." Adults traveling with children are required to verify their legal or biological parentage, and if they cannot, the children are deemed unaccompanied. As a result, children traveling with grandparents, adult siblings, and aunts and uncles are referred to the UAC program.
78:. In fiscal year 2018, 49,100 children were referred to the UAC program, an average of 135 per day. This rate has since increased, and reached 287 daily referrals in April 2019. In April 2019, an average of 12,587 children were housed in the program, which then had a capacity of 14,363 beds. In April 2021, amid a renewed surge in unaccompanied minor migrants, more than 17,000 children were housed in HHS shelters, a number above the department's capacity.
1103:
statements and documentation such as birth certificates. When ICE officials have difficulty determining whether an individual is a child or an adult, they may also obtain a professional medical opinion based on dental or skeletal radiographs, commonly referred to as x-rays, to help make an age determination. ICE's use of radiographs, however, has been criticized as unreliable by some in the medical and advocacy communities.
377:
The more distant the connection, the longer the children are typically held in the shelters while health officials do background checks to ensure their safety. Of the roughly 2,000 minors released to sponsors in the past week, about half were reunited with parents or legal guardians after an average of 23 days. Those with more distant relatives had to wait on average nearly two months."
88:, holds unaccompanied children after their initial arrest. CBP is legally obligated to refer them to the ORR's UAC program within 72 hours, but in 2019, such children are being for weeks or months in CBP custody. On June 13, 2019, the government reported that 2,081 UAC were held by the CBP; in late June, a CBP official stated that the number had been reduced to less than 1,000.
464:
June 20, 2019 proceedings, Ninth
Circuit Judge William Fletcher said it was "inconceivable" that the United States government would consider it "safe and sanitary" to detain child migrants in conditions where it was "cold all night long, lights on all night long, sleeping on concrete and you've got an aluminium foil blanket?" Fabian said that the
440:. Sevier wrote that a medical declaration that the "conditions within which are held could be compared to torture facilities ... extreme cold temperatures, lights on 24 hours a day, no adequate access to medical care, basic sanitation, water, or adequate food." All of the 39 children she assessed showed signs of
393:
Customs and Border Patrol apprehends tens of thousands of children annually at the US–Mexico border, including those who are deemed inadmissible for legal entry into the United States at ports of entry and those detained outside of ports of entry. The CBP assigns children a status as either a member
376:
reported in April 2021: "The United States has long struggled to quickly move children out of the government's care to make room for new arrivals. Most are eventually matched with a parent who is already in the country. But others are handed over to more distant relatives, friends or foster parents.
501:
in
Brownsville, Texas—housed over 5,400 children. The five largest contractors for the program oversaw more than 11,600 children in the UAC program. These providers are Southwest Key (headquartered in Austin, Texas); BCFS Health and Human Services (San Antonio, Texas); Comprehensive Health Services
62:
However, the practice of the
Department of Homeland Security is to only define children traveling with their parents or legal guardians as part of "family units" and all other children as "unaccompanied minors." As a result, children traveling with grandparents, adult siblings, and aunts and uncles
1047:
Upon apprehension, Border Patrol agents gather biographic information from the child and determine age based on multiple forms of evidence, including interview statements, documentation (such as birth certificates) or professional medical opinion based on radiographs (or x-rays), if necessary. via
818:
After being separated from their parents, the children – some as young as 18 months – are then treated as "unaccompanied alien children", a category which exists primarily to serve children who voluntarily arrive at the border on their own. Unaccompanied alien children are placed in the custody of
463:
requested the Court to overturn the July 2017 district court's order "requiring the government to provide detainees with hygiene items such as soap and toothbrushes in order to comply with the “safe and sanitary conditions” requirement set forth in the 1997 Flores
Settlement Agreement". During the
1102:
To separate unaccompanied children from adult's in ICE custody, ICE attempts to establish the date of birth for any apprehended person not readily identifiable as an adult or child. In those instances, ICE relies on various forms of information for age determination purposes, including interview
488:
By
December 17, 2018, 14,314 children were housed by the program. Overall, the Associated Press reported that the UAC program supervised over 150 programs in 17 states in 2017 and 2018, noting that their conditions "range from bucolic to jail-like." At that time, the three largest facilities—the
406:
stated on June 24, 2019, that, "We do not have capacity for more of these unaccompanied children who come across the border. And what happens is they get backed up there at the
Department of Homeland Security's facilities because I can't put someone in a bed that does not exist in our shelters."
324:
In early 2016, the Senate
Homeland Security & Governmental Affairs Committee published a report that sharply criticized the ORR's mishandling of resettling UACs. The investigation found that ORR performed home studies in less than five percent of cases and never once terminated a sponsorship
58:
The phrase "unaccompanied alien children" was first used in the
Homeland Security Act of 2002. HHS defines "unaccompanied child" (UC) as a person "who has no lawful immigration status in the United States; has not attained 18 years of age, and with respect to whom; 1) there is no parent or legal
1628:
In a statement, the office that handles child settlement within the Health and Human
Services Department said it had chosen a location in Texas to handle the influx. "The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), with the support of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), has selected
401:
requires the government to hold children "in facilities that are safe and sanitary" and to rapidly transfer unaccompanied children to ORR custody. In mid-2019 reports on conditions in CBP processing centers showed that children were being held for days or weeks rather than the 72-hour maximum
368:
facilities that resembled detention. The government's system was seriously strained, since it lacked the capacity to handle the surge; the Biden administration has sought to expedite transfers of migrant children from the "border jails" to HHS-run shelters, group homes, and other facilities.
1189:
Its main evidence is a "massive increase in the numbers of apprehensions, particularly in the numbers of
Unaccompanied Alien Children 'UAC' and Family Unit Aliens (FMUA)". Family unit apprehensions are indeed at a historical high and UAC apprehensions are surging back to levels seen in
320:
After a 2015 dip, in 2016 the number of apprehended UAC rose back to high levels similar to 2014. The Border Patrol reports that it apprehended 32,372 unaccompanied minors from October 1, 2017 to May 31, 2018. There was a 4% increase in the Southwest in FY2018 compared to FY2017.
476:
The ORR coordinates a network of over 100 facilities in seventeen states housing over ten thousand children within the UAC program. Approximately, 11,400 children were in ORR custody in mid-June 2018. The largest share of these children—5,129—were held in facilities managed by
622:
96:
Most UAC are over 14 years old. The younger minority are assumed unable to make decisions independently. In 2009-2010, 41% of children under 14 were either 13 or 14. In 2013, 24% of apprehended child arrivals were 14 or younger, meaning 76% were 15-17.
523:—A housing facility for children built in a former Walmart and operated under contract for the Department of Health and Human Services. On June 13, it housed 1,469 children, a plurality of whom arrived as unaccompanied minors crossing the border. S
819:
ORR within 72 hours of being apprehended by border agents. They then wait, in government-run facilities, for weeks or months while agency officials search for relatives or sponsors to care for the child while their immigration case is pending.
2512:
1272:
Tens of thousands of UAC are released into the interior of the United States each year, including more than 107,000 since fiscal year (FY) 2016. Only about 3.5 percent of unaccompanied minors apprehended at the border, however, have been
2482:
339:
The number of unaccompanied minors sharply increased in 2020–21, and was projected to be larger than previous surges in 2014, 2016, and 2019. Most unaccompanied migrant children were fleeing poverty and violence in the three
916:
662:
Since 2014 alone, nearly 200,000 unaccompanied alien minors have been released into the United States pending their immigration court proceedings as required under the Immigration and Naturalization Act and related laws and court
1245:
2497:
2286:
1584:
1074:
When ICE has difficulty determining whether an individual is a child or an adult, it may also obtain a professional medical opinion based on dental or skeletal radiographs, commonly referred to as x-rays, to help make a
1982:
447:
Under federal law, the migrant minors were supposed to be detained for a maximum of 72 hours. At both the facilities in Clint and McAllen, many children said that they had been detained for three weeks or more.
1023:
Based on case file data obtained from ORR, the Vera Institute of Justice reported that in FY 2009 and FY 2010, 41 percent of children under age 14 were either 13 or 14 and about 59 percent were 12 or younger.
481:, an Austin-based non-profit with facilities in Texas, Arizona, and California. On average, as of June 15, 2018, children had stayed in these facilities for 57 days. According to spokesperson Wolfe, the
2222:
1977:
1001:
104:
apprehends a potential minor, the agency determines age based on biographical data collected from the child and "multiple forms of evidence, including interview statements, documentation (such as
612:
325:
agreement with a sponsor. ORR's official policy stated that sponsors could refuse contact between the agency and the UAC, and should the sponsor refuse contact, the case was considered closed.
303:
The Office of Refugee Resettlement took over the supervision of unaccompanied minors in 2003. In the first nine years of its operations, it was charged with fewer than 8,000 children per year.
1096:
1068:
627:
2772:
2353:
1687:
2400:
468:
mandating "safe and sanitary" conditions for detained migrant children was "vague" and it was not compulsory for the government to provide toothbrushes, soap or adequate bedding to them.
2048:
1629:
Tornillo Land Port of Entry as a temporary shelter location for unaccompanied alien children cared for by HHS' Administration for Children and Families," said spokesman Kenneth Wolfe.
1992:
1784:
494:
1987:
44:
2717:
452:
675:
1134:
2192:
505:
In June 2019, HHS cut all recreational and educational programs for unaccompanied children to focus its budget on providing for the basic needs of the children it houses.
460:
2425:
2135:
597:
2461:
2008:
1257:
592:
63:
are referred to the UAC program. Children separated from their parents under the Trump administration's family separation policy were referred to the UAC program.
2722:
2338:
1950:
1945:
1680:
1499:
2167:
2147:
1931:
85:
2502:
2492:
361:
1449:
2697:
2358:
2851:
2732:
2487:
2390:
2130:
1962:
333:
1392:
20:
Stacked-bar chart showing the number of unaccompanied minors apprehended by the US Border Patrol, broken down by country of origin, 2014 - May 31, 2019.
2856:
2841:
1673:
1617:
2712:
2430:
2172:
1724:
2846:
2202:
1940:
1936:
1149:
The influx of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) across the southwest border of the United States has resulted in an urgent humanitarian situation
2405:
1121:
2373:
2197:
2033:
397:
Regardless of whether they are deemed UACs or part of family units, children and adults are initially held in CBP processing centers. The 1997
1553:
882:
807:
710:
2580:
2410:
70:
began in 2003 and housed fewer than 8,000 children per year through 2011. Significant increases in the population occurred during crises in
831:
75:
2575:
1910:
1286:
332:
reported tens of thousands of UAC were released annually and only 3.5% had been removed from the United States. In 2017 and 2018, under a
59:
guardian in the United States; or 2) no parent of legal guardian in the United States is available to provide care and physical custody."
16:
2246:
2073:
2013:
647:
2187:
81:
2348:
956:
360:. By April 2021, there were more than 20,000 children and teenagers in the custody of the government, of whom almost 17,000 were in
287:
436:
which held migrant minors. Her visit came after a flu outbreak at the facility that resulted in five infants requiring to enter a
428:
Also that month, Dolly Lucio Sevier, a board-certified doctor, visited the largest CBP detention center in the United States, the
2545:
2435:
2068:
1845:
1696:
1246:"Adequacy of the Department of Health and Human Services’ Efforts to Protect Unaccompanied Alien Children From Human Trafficking"
978:
680:
577:
310:
71:
2456:
2451:
2555:
2316:
2254:
2098:
1774:
1015:
The number of UAC apprehended doubled between FY 2009 and FY 2013 and is on pace to nearly double again by the end of FY 2014.
385:
2707:
2270:
2212:
607:
532:
40:
39:) is a United States government classification for children in immigration custody and the name of a program operated by the
578:
2014 American immigration crisis § Surge in unaccompanied children migrating to the United States from Central America
2757:
2641:
2507:
2363:
2230:
2207:
2018:
560:
437:
2088:
1019:
In FY 2013, 24 percent of arriving children were 14 or younger, compared with 10 to 15 percent in FY 2007 and FY 2008.
55:, typically those who have been apprehended outside of a legal port of entry or judged inadmissible upon their entry.
1164:
74:, 2016, 2019, and 2020–21 all driven by a surge in unaccompanied migrants fleeing violence and poverty in the
2777:
2767:
2752:
2646:
2631:
2527:
2083:
1840:
1789:
1769:
1753:
1749:
1745:
759:
1178:
783:
2517:
2110:
1885:
429:
1880:
2819:
2747:
2570:
2120:
2093:
2028:
1779:
1454:
1041:
502:
Inc. (Cape Canaveral, Florida); Cayuga Centers (Auburn, New York); and Heartland Alliance (Chicago, Illinois).
1135:"Presidential Memorandum – Response to the Influx of Unaccompanied Alien Children Across the Southwest Border"
2861:
2565:
1972:
1967:
1890:
1875:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1835:
1814:
1799:
1450:"Doctor compares conditions for unaccompanied children at immigrant holding centers to 'torture facilities'"
527:
2813:
2238:
587:
516:
482:
478:
1036:
2300:
2043:
2038:
1804:
857:
709:
US Department of Health and Human Services. Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs (ASPA) (2019-05-02).
552:
1665:
974:"Unaccompanied Alien Children: Actions Needed to Ensure Children Receive Required Care in DHS Custody"
2692:
2662:
2636:
2626:
2621:
2611:
2368:
2343:
984:
CBP policy states that UAC under age 14 are presumed generally unable to make an independent decision
582:
441:
329:
317:
classified influx as an urgent humanitarian situation. Many UACs sought asylum in the United States.
314:
1915:
1585:"Inside Casa Padre, the converted Walmart where the U.S. is holding nearly 1,500 immigrant children"
1305:
Linton, Julie M.; Griffin, Marsha; Shapiro, Alan J.; Pediatrics, Council on Community (2017-05-01).
1258:"What You Need To Know About Loopholes Allowing Unaccompanied Alien Children To Stay In The Country"
2601:
2308:
2078:
1865:
1729:
1009:
48:
1226:
676:"IRLI Obtains from ICE through FOIA Taxpayer Costs Regarding the Unaccompanied Alien Minor Crisis"
2606:
2395:
2177:
1306:
917:"U.S. returns 100 migrant children to overcrowded border facility as HHS says it is out of space"
734:
520:
490:
365:
101:
336:, children who were separated from arrested adults they were traveling with are treated as UAC.
2762:
2737:
2616:
2596:
2420:
2263:
2125:
1592:
1336:
1328:
924:
417:
341:
105:
2727:
2702:
2378:
1809:
1794:
1366:
1318:
602:
2742:
2667:
1895:
1183:
812:
541:
345:
1202:
1393:"A firsthand report of 'inhumane conditions' at a migrant children's detention facility"
540:
Estrella del Norte, a private facility owned and operated by Southwest Key Programs, in
2792:
2782:
2550:
2278:
1905:
1262:
1179:"How Breitbart and the conservative right opened a new front in the war over fake news"
1139:
652:
623:
Timeline of events related to migrant children's detention centers in the United States
617:
433:
398:
291:
1645:
1361:
2835:
2672:
2293:
1558:
1526:
1476:
1419:
1088:
1060:
961:
Although most are age 14 or older, apprehensions of UAC under age 13 have increased.
544:—A 300-bed housing facility for children, that housed 287 children in mid-June 2018.
2797:
2560:
1900:
1504:
832:
Fact Sheet: Trends in Unaccompanied Child and Family Migration from Central America
422:
389:
Border Patrol Processing Unaccompanied Children on the South Texas Border in 2014
2513:
Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013
2023:
1957:
686:
the unaccompanied alien minor (UAM or UAC) crisis .. education of UAMs resettled
556:
548:
349:
52:
2787:
531:
Unaccompanied minors walk in a Homestead, Florida, facility supervised by the
512:
498:
109:
1596:
1332:
1061:"Age Determination Practices for Unaccompanied Alien Children in ICE Custody"
949:
928:
2522:
2477:
1870:
1819:
1618:"Texas port of entry chosen as temporary shelter for unaccompanied children"
564:
459:, in which Sarah Fabian, the senior attorney in the Department of Justice's
403:
353:
1983:
Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) (1996)
1340:
1323:
973:
2415:
2383:
2115:
2105:
739:
Southwest Border Unaccompanied Alien Children (0-17 yr old) Inadmissibles
567:
are among nine facilities in New York state house unaccompanied children.
357:
1203:"Southwest Border Migration FY2018 | U.S. Customs and Border Protection"
1622:
1231:
1089:"Age Determination Practices for Unaccompanied Alien Children - Update"
788:
883:"The horrifying conditions facing kids in border detention, explained"
2773:
National Korean American Service & Education Consortium (NAKASEC)
2181:
1993:
American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act (ACWIA) (1998)
1988:
Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act (NACARA) (1997)
1227:"U.S. Border Patrol Southwest Border Apprehensions by Sector FY2018"
583:
crime in El Salvador § Unaccompanied minors fleeing El Salvador
1978:
Immigration and Nationality Technical Corrections Act (INTCA) 1994
526:
384:
1360:
Attanasio, Cedar; Burke, Garance; Mendoza, Martha (2019-06-21).
1267:
1144:
657:
495:
Homestead (Florida) Temporary Shelter for Unaccompanied Children
2049:
Ending Discriminatory Bans on Entry to The United States (2021)
1669:
1583:
Miller, Michael E.; Brown, Emma; Davis, Aaron C. (2018-06-14).
2009:
American Competitiveness in the 21st Century Act (AC21) (2000)
1646:"'A moral disaster': AP reveals scope of migrant kids program"
1554:"Trump Administration Argues Migrant Children Don't Need Soap"
1397:
121:
Number of Children referred to Office of Refugee Resettlement
1362:"Attorneys: Texas border facility is neglecting migrant kids"
613:
Reception of Unaccompanied Minors from the Northern Triangle
1527:"Are US child migrant detainees entitled to soap and beds?"
1420:"Are US child migrant detainees entitled to soap and beds?"
1097:
Department of Homeland Security Office of Inspector General
1069:
Department of Homeland Security Office of Inspector General
628:
Unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in the United Kingdom
856:
Michael D. Shear, Zolan Kanno-Youngs and Eileen Sullivan,
1165:
Central American Migrants Are Arriving at the U.S. Border
306:
The number of apprehended UAC doubled from 2009 to 2013.
294:(2012–2021; both figures included where they conflict);
735:"Southwest Border Inadmissibles by Field Office FY2018"
47:, HHS) to house and care for them. The term designates
2014:
Legal Immigration Family Equity Act (LIFE Act) (2000)
551:
shelter run by Cayuga Centers, Children's Village in
472:
Office of Refugee Resettlement UAC Program facilities
45:
United States Department of Health and Human Services
2718:
Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles
858:
Young Migrants Crowd Shelters, Posing Test for Biden
808:"Why are families being separated at the US border?"
2806:
2681:
2655:
2589:
2536:
2470:
2444:
2327:
2221:
2156:
2061:
2001:
1924:
1828:
1762:
1738:
1717:
1704:
1477:"Are US child migrant detainees entitled to soap?"
806:Holpuch, Amanda; Gambino, Lauren (18 June 2018).
598:Family immigration detention in the United States
2462:United States Border Patrol interior checkpoints
1167:, Council on Foreign Relations (March 22, 2021).
1122:Fact Sheet: Unaccompanied Alien Children Program
313:included an influx of unaccompanied minors. The
996:
994:
992:
648:"Remarks by President Trump at Cabinet Meeting"
593:Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2014
364:(HHS) shelters, and the remainder were held in
2723:Coalition for Comprehensive Immigration Reform
2401:List of people deported from the United States
1644:Burke, Garance; Mendoza, Martha (2018-12-20).
1386:
1384:
485:is being used as a temporary shelter for UAC.
415:In June 2019, a legal team inspected (per the
2148:Trump administration family separation policy
1681:
1448:Marshall, Serena; Zak, Lana; Metz, Jennifer.
955:. Congressional Research Service – via
8:
2198:Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)
1443:
1441:
1288:CBP Border Security Report: Fiscal Year 2018
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
834:, Migration Policy Institute (January 2016).
362:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
2698:California Coalition for Immigration Reform
950:"Unaccompanied Alien Children: An Overview"
760:"What 'Unaccompanied Alien Children' Means"
515:, a private facility owned and operated by
381:Customs and Border Patrol detention of UACs
108:) or professional medical opinion based on
2733:Federation for American Immigration Reform
1714:
1688:
1674:
1666:
119:
2508:Uniting American Families Act (2000–2013)
2503:Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act 2007
2493:Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act 2006
2436:Unaccompanied minors from Central America
2193:U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
1963:Immigration Reform and Control Act (1986)
1322:
1285:US Customs and Border Protection (2019).
1159:
1157:
2713:Center for Migration Studies of New York
1856:Immigration Act 1917 (Asian Barred Zone)
1725:Nationality law in the American Colonies
1037:"Unaccompanied Alien Children: A Primer"
15:
2647:"Faithful Patriot" (2018–present)
2203:Executive Office for Immigration Review
784:"Who We Serve - Unaccompanied Children"
639:
2663:California DREAM Act (2006–2010)
508:UAC facilities include the following:
1911:Alien Fiancées and Fiancés Act (1946)
1639:
1637:
1578:
1576:
1116:
1114:
1112:
910:
908:
906:
904:
902:
876:
874:
872:
870:
830:Marc R. Rosenblum & Isabel Ball,
457:17-56297 Jenny Flores v. William Barr
402:required under Flores. HHS Secretary
7:
2632:"Return to Sender" (2006–2007)
1937:Immigration and Nationality Act 1952
1498:Escobar, Natalie (August 14, 2018).
801:
799:
753:
751:
749:
747:
704:
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
76:Northern Triangle of Central America
68:Unaccompanied Alien Children Program
2318:Department of State v. Muñoz (2024)
2288:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
2173:Immigration and Customs Enforcement
1775:Act to Encourage Immigration (1864)
1391:Brangham, William (June 21, 2019).
948:Kandel, William (18 January 2017).
758:Burnett, John (December 23, 2018).
399:Flores v. Reno Settlement Agreement
2406:Mexico–United States border crisis
2188:U.S. Customs and Border Protection
915:Hauslohner, Abigail (2019-06-25).
14:
2852:Human rights in the United States
2627:"Streamline" (2005–present)
2349:Central American migrant caravans
1896:Bracero Program (1942–1964)
1307:"Detention of Immigrant Children"
1177:Caroll, Rory (15 December 2016).
957:Federation of American Scientists
2857:Social care in the United States
2842:Immigration to the United States
2411:Mexico–United States border wall
1886:Filipino Repatriation Act (1935)
1697:Immigration to the United States
1552:Dickinson, Tim (June 20, 2019).
1120:Office of Refugee Resettlement,
1002:"Child Migration by the Numbers"
979:Government Accountability Office
681:Immigration Reform Law Institute
461:Office of Immigration Litigation
311:2014 American immigration crisis
2168:Department of Homeland Security
1035:Zamora, Lazaro (21 July 2014).
288:ACF FY2020 Budget Justification
86:Department of Homeland Security
2847:Childhood in the United States
2708:Center for Immigration Studies
2637:"Jump Start" (2006–2008)
2622:"Front Line" (2004–2005)
2272:Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting
2213:Office of Refugee Resettlement
1968:American Homecoming Act (1989)
608:Office of Refugee Resettlement
533:Office of Refugee Resettlement
41:Office of Refugee Resettlement
1:
2758:Minuteman Civil Defense Corps
2602:"Peter Pan" (1960–1962)
2364:Eugenics in the United States
1500:"Family Separation Isn't New"
555:, and additional shelters in
2426:Illegal immigrant population
2208:Board of Immigration Appeals
2044:Executive Order 13780 (2017)
2039:Executive Order 13769 (2017)
1932:UN Refugee Convention (1951)
1846:Gentlemen's Agreement (1907)
438:neonatal intensive care unit
112:(or x-rays), if necessary."
25:Unaccompanied Alien Children
2642:"Phalanx" (2010–2016)
2617:"Endgame" (2003–2012)
2488:McCain–Kennedy (2005)
2478:DREAM Act (2001–2010)
2457:Canada–United States border
2452:Mexico–United States border
2019:H-1B Visa Reform Act (2004)
1881:Tydings–McDuffie Act (1934)
1616:Kopan, Tal (14 June 2018).
1266:. 4 April 2018 – via
656:. 21 June 2018 – via
2878:
2778:Negative Population Growth
2768:National Immigration Forum
2753:Migration Policy Institute
2528:US Citizenship Act of 2021
2084:Temporary protected status
1866:Emergency Quota Act (1921)
1143:. 2 June 2014 – via
711:"Latest UAC Data – FY2019"
33:unaccompanied alien minors
2111:Security Advisory Opinion
881:Lind, Dara (2019-06-25).
285:
82:Customs and Border Patrol
2820:Missing in Brooks County
2748:Mexicans Without Borders
2248:US v. Bhagat Singh Thind
2121:National Origins Formula
1805:Chinese Exclusion (1882)
1780:Civil Rights Act of 1866
1042:Bipartisan Policy Center
84:(CBP), an agency of the
43:(ORR; a division of the
2099:Central American Minors
2029:Secure Fence Act (2006)
1891:Nationality Act of 1940
1841:Naturalization Act 1906
1815:Immigration Act of 1891
1800:Immigration Act of 1882
1790:Naturalization Act 1870
1770:Naturalization Law 1802
1746:Naturalization Act 1790
2814:Borderland (TV series)
2668:Arizona SB 1070 (2010)
2141:Unaccompanied children
1916:Luce–Celler Act (1946)
1706:Relevant colonial era,
1324:10.1542/peds.2017-0483
588:Criminal impersonation
536:
517:Southwest Key Programs
483:Tornillo Port of Entry
479:Southwest Key Programs
390:
31:, also referred to as
21:
2391:Immigration reduction
2302:Niz-Chavez v. Garland
1906:War Brides Act (1945)
1785:14th Amendment (1868)
553:Dobbs Ferry, New York
549:East Harlem, New York
530:
388:
334:zero tolerance policy
19:
2693:Arizona Border Recon
2673:Alabama HB 56 (2011)
2537:Immigration stations
2471:Proposed legislation
2369:Guest worker program
2344:Brooks County, Texas
2256:US v. Brignoni-Ponce
1973:Immigration Act 1990
1876:Immigration Act 1924
1861:Immigration Act 1918
1851:Immigration Act 1907
1836:Immigration Act 1903
451:In June 2019, three
330:Trump administration
315:Obama administration
49:unaccompanied minors
2612:"Gatekeeper" (1994)
2539:and points of entry
2431:Reverse immigration
2310:Sanchez v. Mayorkas
2223:Supreme Court cases
2079:Visa Waiver Program
2074:Permanent residence
1901:Magnuson Act (1943)
1730:Plantation Act 1740
1010:BipartianPolicy.Org
535:, on June 20, 2018.
129:Number of Children
122:
2396:Immigration reform
2232:US v. Wong Kim Ark
2178:U.S. Border Patrol
2094:Green Card Lottery
2062:Visas and policies
2024:Real ID Act (2005)
1958:Refugee Act (1980)
1710:international laws
1699:and related topics
1100:. September 2010.
684:. 21 August 2015.
537:
521:Brownsville, Texas
491:Tornillo tent city
391:
366:U.S. Border Patrol
120:
106:birth certificates
102:U.S. Border Patrol
22:
2829:
2828:
2763:Minuteman Project
2738:Improve The Dream
2656:State legislation
2607:"Babylift" (1975)
2581:Washington Avenue
2576:Sullivan's Island
2498:STRIVE Act (2007)
2421:March for America
2374:Human trafficking
2264:Zadvydas v. Davis
2126:Expedited removal
2057:
2056:
1708:United States and
1268:National Archives
1145:National Archives
1072:. November 2009.
864:(April 10, 2021).
792:. March 26, 2021.
658:National Archives
418:Flores settlement
342:Northern Triangle
301:
300:
217:24,668 or 25,498
209:13,625 or 14,271
2869:
2728:Community Change
2703:CASA of Maryland
2683:Non-governmental
2597:"Wetback" (1954)
2523:RAISE Act (2017)
2483:H.R. 4437 (2005)
1871:Cable Act (1922)
1820:Geary Act (1892)
1810:Scott Act (1888)
1715:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1667:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1650:Associated Press
1641:
1632:
1631:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1367:Associated Press
1357:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1326:
1317:(5): –20170483.
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1254:
1248:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1174:
1168:
1163:Paul J. Angelo,
1161:
1152:
1151:
1131:
1125:
1124:, June 15, 2018.
1118:
1107:
1105:
1093:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1065:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1006:
998:
987:
986:
982:. 14 July 2015.
970:
964:
963:
954:
945:
939:
938:
936:
935:
912:
897:
896:
894:
893:
878:
865:
854:
835:
828:
822:
821:
803:
794:
793:
780:
774:
773:
771:
770:
755:
742:
741:
731:
725:
724:
722:
721:
706:
689:
688:
672:
666:
665:
644:
603:Flores Agreement
466:Flores agreement
455:heard the case,
421:) a facility in
123:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2802:
2743:Mexica Movement
2686:
2684:
2677:
2651:
2585:
2538:
2532:
2518:SAFE Act (2015)
2466:
2440:
2379:Human smuggling
2354:Economic impact
2332:
2330:
2323:
2217:
2161:
2159:
2152:
2053:
1997:
1925:1950–1999
1920:
1829:1900–1949
1824:
1795:Page Act (1875)
1758:
1734:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1700:
1694:
1664:
1663:
1654:
1652:
1643:
1642:
1635:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1601:
1599:
1589:Washington Post
1582:
1581:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1533:. June 20, 2019
1525:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1482:
1480:
1479:. June 20, 2019
1475:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1458:
1447:
1446:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1426:. June 20, 2019
1418:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1401:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1359:
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1244:
1240:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1184:theguardian.com
1176:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1155:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1091:
1087:
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1063:
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1034:
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1029:
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1018:
1016:
1004:
1000:
999:
990:
972:
971:
967:
952:
947:
946:
942:
933:
931:
921:Washington Post
914:
913:
900:
891:
889:
880:
879:
868:
855:
838:
829:
825:
813:theguardian.com
805:
804:
797:
782:
781:
777:
768:
766:
757:
756:
745:
733:
732:
728:
719:
717:
708:
707:
692:
674:
673:
669:
646:
645:
641:
636:
574:
542:Tucson, Arizona
474:
430:Ursula facility
413:
383:
346:central America
344:" countries of
296:Washington Post
118:
94:
12:
11:
5:
2875:
2873:
2865:
2864:
2862:Child refugees
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2834:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2793:Save Our State
2790:
2785:
2783:No More Deaths
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
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2695:
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2515:
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2505:
2500:
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2468:
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2459:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2416:Labor shortage
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2335:
2333:
2329:Related issues
2328:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2314:
2306:
2298:
2284:
2280:Barton v. Barr
2276:
2268:
2260:
2252:
2244:
2236:
2227:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1951:Section 287(g)
1948:
1946:Section 212(f)
1934:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
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1742:
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1721:
1719:
1712:
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1695:
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1608:
1572:
1544:
1518:
1490:
1468:
1437:
1411:
1380:
1352:
1297:
1277:
1263:whitehouse.gov
1249:
1238:
1235:. 6 June 2018.
1218:
1194:
1169:
1153:
1140:whitehouse.gov
1126:
1108:
1080:
1075:determination.
1052:
1027:
988:
965:
940:
898:
866:
862:New York Times
836:
823:
795:
775:
743:
726:
690:
667:
653:whitehouse.gov
638:
637:
635:
632:
631:
630:
625:
620:
618:San Pedro Sula
615:
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595:
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585:
580:
573:
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569:
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524:
473:
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434:McAllen, Texas
412:
409:
382:
379:
374:New York Times
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2:
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2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:Documentaries
2805:
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2796:
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2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
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2779:
2776:
2774:
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2711:
2709:
2706:
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2701:
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2690:
2688:
2685:organizations
2680:
2674:
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2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2660:
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2654:
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2645:
2643:
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2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2551:Castle Garden
2549:
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2535:
2529:
2526:
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2516:
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2345:
2342:
2340:
2339:2006 protests
2337:
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2334:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2294:Wolf v. Vidal
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2275:
2273:
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2261:
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2209:
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2191:
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2186:
2183:
2179:
2176:
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2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
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2160:organizations
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2149:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
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2100:
2097:
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2027:
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2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
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1559:Rolling Stone
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2240:Ozawa v. US
2069:Visa policy
2034:DACA (2012)
1207:www.cbp.gov
561:Westchester
557:Long Island
350:El Salvador
110:radiographs
2836:Categories
2788:NumbersUSA
2590:Operations
2571:San Ysidro
2331:and events
2158:Government
1655:2019-06-29
1602:2018-06-21
1346:2019-06-26
1311:Pediatrics
1212:2018-06-21
1106:OIG-10-122
934:2019-06-26
892:2019-06-26
769:2019-06-26
720:2019-06-26
634:References
513:Casa Padre
499:Casa Padre
411:Conditions
2566:Otay Mesa
2445:Geography
2131:Detention
1597:0190-8286
1333:0031-4005
1078:OIG-10-12
929:0190-8286
404:Alex Azar
354:Guatemala
100:When the
2384:Coyotaje
2116:E-Verify
2106:US-VISIT
1565:June 23,
1537:June 23,
1531:BBC News
1511:July 14,
1483:July 14,
1461:June 24,
1455:ABC News
1430:June 23,
1424:BBC News
1404:June 22,
1373:June 22,
1341:28289140
1273:removed.
572:See also
563:and the
358:Honduras
286:Source:
281:122,731
51:who are
2359:Effects
1623:cnn.com
1232:cbp.gov
789:hhs.gov
764:NPR.org
715:HHS.gov
273:15,381
265:69,488
257:49,100
249:40,810
241:59,170
233:33,726
225:57,496
116:History
2312:(2021)
2304:(2021)
2297:(2020)
2282:(2020)
2274:(2011)
2267:(2001)
2258:(1975)
2250:(1923)
2242:(1922)
2234:(1898)
2182:BORTAC
2136:Family
2089:Asylum
1595:
1339:
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663:orders
497:, and
493:, the
442:trauma
356:, and
201:7,120
193:8,302
185:6,639
177:7,211
169:8,212
161:7,746
153:7,800
145:6,200
137:4,792
66:ORR's
53:aliens
1292:(PDF)
1190:2014.
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565:Bronx
559:, in
519:, in
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1319:doi
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