474:
619:
800:
21:
1091:
2185:
2590:
707:
Thomas Main, a well-known contemporary engineer, criticized the engines of the class as "unusually heavy in all their parts", a common criticism of
Isherwood's engines by private contractors. According to Main, the engines were fully 2.78 times heavier than required, leading to reduced efficiency and
460:
Overall cost of the individual ships varied between $ 90,000 and $ 103,500, with cost of the hulls varying between $ 52,000 and $ 58,500. The largest price differential was for the machinery contracts, the first four of which, with the
Novelty Works, were for only $ 31,500, as opposed to the $ 42,000
1009:
in
December 1864 and January 1865 respectively. The main duty of the class, however, was maintenance of the blockade along the Confederate coast. While vessels of the class were too slow to catch the faster blockade runners, they nonetheless accumulated an impressive record of prizes during the war,
609:
Sources vary as to the speed of the ships. Some give a speed of 10 knots, but 8 to 9 knots seems to have been the typical speed during the war. Recorded speeds vary all the way from 6 knots to 11.5 knots. In all likelihood, the performance of the vessels was less than ideal in wartime conditions due
649:
Though popularly known as the "90-day gunboats" then, only the first four vessels of the class were commissioned in anything like 90 days. The rest took an average of about three months just to launch. Overall, the ships averaged a little under six months from signing of the contract to commission.
600:
As with the hulls, additional details for the machinery of the six New York-built ships are available; the machinery of the others was similar if not identical. The New York-built ships had two boilers each, of the Martin's vertical tubular type, placed side by side and spaced six inches apart. The
703:
class. According to Bauer and
Roberts, the ships "sailed well in a strong wind and handled easily but rolled badly." Gardiner is less generous, describing the vessels as "poor sailors; their machinery frequently broke down; the steering mechanism was inefficient; and they were slow; maximum speed
708:
performance. Main notes that with a speed of only around 9 knots, the vessels were incapable of catching the faster blockade runners with speeds of 12 to 14 knots. Whatever their shortcomings, gunboats of the class were nonetheless to accumulate an "impressive" record of service during the war.
2607:
724:, many ships of the class also participated in related operations against Confederate forts and population centers along the Southern coastline and its rivers. These operations included shore raids and invasions, bombardments, and engagements with enemy land or naval forces.
404:
The two men agreed, as a time-saving measure, to award the first four engine contracts directly to the
Novelty Works, dispensing with the usual tendering process; in the event the contracts for all 23 vessels of the class would be signed between 29 June and 10 July without
919:
below New
Orleans. Though coming under heavy but inaccurate fire from Forts Jackson and St. Philip, the vessels were able to clear a narrow passage. On the night of the 24th, Farragut took the bulk of his fleet through the passage, though three of his
449:. No individual shipyard built more than one ship. By contrast, reflecting the relative strength of the States' industrial bases, more than half the machinery contracts went to New York-based companies—seven to the Novelty Works, three to the
2316:
952:. For example, in June 1862, several vessels of the class were involved in the "run past Vicksburg" to link up with the naval forces of the upper Mississippi, although this action proved to be of little significance. In August,
980:
in the recapture of the city in
December. Vicksburg was however far too well defended to be threatened by the Navy, and defeat of the Confederate forces in this theater of operations was ultimately left to the Army.
634:, was launched on 17 August 1861, barely two months after the signing of the contract. The rest rapidly followed, with another three being launched in August, four in September, fourteen in October and the last one,
601:
boilers, "made of the best quality
American charcoal iron", were 12 ft 3 in long, 8 ft 3 in wide and 9 ft 3 in high, with two furnaces each. The boilers were safety tested to a pressure of 60
2166:, Chester, PA; Reeder = Charles Reeder, Baltimore, MD; Woodruff = Woodruff & Beach, Hartford, CT. Launch = date of launch. Comm. = date of commission. Decom. = date of decommission. Sold = date of sale.
783:-class ships and two other gunboats returned to the harbor to engage the Confederate forts and gauge their strength. On 7 November, the entire Naval battle fleet, including the three previously mentioned
605:
before installation. The engines were fitted with Sewell's patent surface condensers. The ships' propellers were four-bladed, and nine feet in diameter with a mean blade pitch of 12 feet 6 inches.
738:
The first major such operation involving ships of the class occurred after the U.S. Navy determined that a supply port deep in
Confederate territory would be required in order to effectively enforce the
1112:-class were quickly decommissioned and sold into merchant service. Seventeen had been decommissioned by August 1865, and fifteen of these had been sold by the end of the year, with the remaining two,
642:
was again first to be commissioned, on 30 September, just 93 days after the laying of her keel. A total of eleven were commissioned before the end of the year, and another eleven by
February 1862.
2672:
743:
of the Confederate coastline. In late October 1861, a large fleet of 77 ships, including 19 warships—the largest fleet then assembled by the Navy—departed New York with the capture of
1010:
capturing or destroying no less than 146 blockade runners during the war—almost 10% of the total number of blockade runners neutralized by the Union blockade. The most successful of the
573:
were also strengthened with iron strapping. According to some sources, ships of the class were built with unseasoned timber and would therefore have been expected to have short working lives.
936:, became entangled in the river obstructions and were forced to turn back. The rest of the fleet, however, continued on to New Orleans, which was forced to capitulate a few days later.
1199:
were condemned as unfit for further service due to rotting hulls—a legacy of their construction with unseasoned timber—and they were sold shortly thereafter.
2992:
2154:
TABLE LEGEND: Name = name of ship. Builder = shipbuilder. Built = where built. Engine = builder of engines and machinery; abbreviations as follows: Allaire =
2576:
2541:
2420:
2395:
2522:
Silverstone, p. 8. Silverstone gives a total of precisely 1,500 blockade runners captured or destroyed during the war. The 146 vessels neutralized by the
349:
class was sold off quickly by the Navy at the end of the war, most of them going into merchant service. Little is known about their subsequent careers.
2698:
2158:, NY; Highland = Highland Iron Works, Newburgh, NY; Loring = Harrison Loring, Boston, MA; Merrick = Merrick & Sons, Philadelphia, PA; Morgan =
791:, engaged and defeated the two enemy forts, thus capturing the harbor. Port Royal would subsequently become a key supply port for the Union cause.
2162:, NY; Morris = I. P. Morris & Co., Philadelphia, PA; Novelty = Novelty Iron Works, NY; Pacific = Pacific Iron Works, Bridgeport, CT; Reaney =
1120:, seeing no further naval service and being sold in 1868 and 1869 respectively. Some of these vessels were still in existence as late as 1885.
811:
803:
2777:
2758:
2739:
2661:
2642:
457:—while Pennsylvania companies accounted for another four, Massachusetts for three, Connecticut two and Delaware and Maryland one each.
413:
class were completed in the remarkably short time of about three months, earning the class as a whole the popular name "90-day gunboats".
395:
2720:
2687:
944:
The capture of New Orleans enabled Naval forces to move further north along the Mississippi to threaten the key Confederate city of
504:
1055:, was sunk during the war, but ironically this vessel was sunk on two separate occasions. The first occurred on 14 July 1863 when
3016:
2189:
2653:
330:-class gunboats took part in many coastal and river operations, most notably as the bulk of the fleet which captured the vital
1173:
1931:
1454:
461:
to $ 46,500 for the later ships. The difference is probably due primarily to the fact that the later vessels had 60% more
375:
331:
2769:
370:
was faced with an urgent need for light-draft gunboats able to operate both at sea and close inshore to help enforce the
1002:
969:
2750:
1131:
briefly saw service with the Gulf Squadron in 1866-67 before being decommissioned and sold in the latter half of 1867;
998:
508:
1152:, were transferred to the newly established Asiatic Squadron in 1867 and subsequently employed in the suppression of
744:
438:
3021:
2163:
2018:
421:
All ships of the class were built in privately owned shipyards along the Eastern seaboard. Six contracts went to
3011:
993:
class was involved in numerous other operations against enemy-held territory during the war, most notably the
342:
during the war— about 10 percent of the total number of Confederate blockade runners so neutralized.
338:
in April 1862. As blockade ships, the 23 vessels of the class captured or destroyed no fewer than 146 enemy
830:, the Confederacy's largest and most economically powerful city, in April 1862. For the operation, Captain
2979:
2731:
2114:
1771:
945:
891:
831:
817:
602:
2895:
1653:
1646:
512:
482:
391:
379:
2923:
2825:
1800:
1264:
1143:
1094:
1031:
994:
733:
204:
565:
bolts. The hulls were strengthened with diagonal iron braces, secured amidships "at the turn of the
394:, he had to hand a ready-made design suitable for the new U.S. Navy gunboats, which was accepted by
2965:
2937:
2881:
2874:
2839:
2793:
2321:
2040:
1876:
1568:
1525:
1338:
1082:
and was sunk a second time. Again she was salvaged, but this time only to be sold out of the Navy.
1015:
861:
855:
618:
594:
269:
216:
683:
and other sources give varying figures for the individual ships, ranging from a complement of 65 (
2916:
2867:
2155:
1815:
1761:
1488:
949:
767:
454:
383:
363:
301:
1070:
was raised and returned to service, but shortly after the war, on 14 July 1865—the day of
473:
2951:
2944:
2930:
2902:
2860:
2832:
2799:
2773:
2754:
2735:
2716:
2683:
2657:
2638:
2159:
1970:
1955:
1924:
1837:
1687:
1447:
1353:
1299:
1169:
1056:
916:
879:
873:
849:
843:
761:
755:
492:
450:
2650:
Success Is All That Was Expected: The South Atlantic Blockading Squadron During the Civil War
2888:
2853:
1694:
1607:
1459:
1410:
867:
773:
531:
422:
317:
313:
20:
799:
691:), with an average per ship of 80. The reason for these apparent discrepancies is unknown.
1658:
1071:
590:
527:
339:
309:
212:
779:
as the latter made soundings in Port Royal harbor. The following morning, the same three
2415:
2013:
1962:
1177:
835:
677:
The crew complement is listed in some recent sources as 114 officers and men; however,
519:
500:
371:
2571:
2173:
Sources for the table: Bauer and Roberts, pp. 74–75; Silverstone, pp. 49–54.
1139:
in South American waters, until their decommission in late 1868 and subsequent sale.
537:
Some details of the six New York-built vessels are available. These ships had frames,
3005:
1847:
1578:
1348:
1274:
1181:
740:
721:
667:
586:
430:
398:
387:
275:
208:
2536:
2390:
1617:
1309:
1185:
659:
554:
260:
2317:
Notes on Shipbuilding and the Construction of Machinery in New York and Vicinity"
2846:
1810:
1375:
1025:
1006:
827:
570:
434:
406:
335:
720:
class was simply to enforce the blockade of Confederate ports in line with the
2972:
2958:
2909:
2077:
2003:
1732:
1722:
1385:
1079:
1043:
1037:
885:
663:
367:
297:
263:
74:
25:
2706:
The Progress of Marine Engineering, From the time of Watt to the present day
1208:
550:
546:
523:
465:
power than the original four. Total cost of all 23 vessels was $ 2,170,000.
168:
1218:
s later history, like that of most other vessels of the class, is unknown.
1090:
2805:
2184:
1535:
558:
446:
442:
321:
228:
948:. Several ships of the class were subsequently involved in the ensuing
542:
293:
141:
1153:
562:
462:
674:
basis, so that they ended up with a variety of different armaments.
2364:
1157:
1101:
1089:
1066:
on the Mississippi, sinking the latter in about 12 feet of water.
798:
679:
617:
569:" and running upward at a 45° angle to the outer frames. The ship
566:
472:
426:
822:
The largest and most important contribution made by ships of the
646:
was the last ship of the class to enter commission, on 8 March.
1165:
1142:
The last two vessels of the class to see service with the Navy,
561:. The keels and keelsons were fastened with corrosion-resistant
538:
530:
of 28 feet (8.5 m), hold depth of 12 feet (3.7 m) and
308:" due to their rapid construction. The class was designed to be
2809:
2635:
Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants
481:-class gunboats may have been modelled on the 1860 rebuild of
2680:
Steam, Steel and Shellfire: The Steam Warship 1815–1905
610:
to infrequency of maintenance, particularly for the boilers.
2708:, pp. 188-190, 205-206; The Trade Publishing Co., New York.
899:
On the night of April 20, Farragut despatched three of his
666:
cannon; two 24-pounder smoothbores and a single 20-pounder
585:
class were each powered by a pair of 30-inch (76 cm)
750:
On 4 November, four gunboats of the fleet, including the
670:. As the war continued, most of them were upgunned on an
409:
approval. As a result, the first four vessels of the new
382:, had recently designed and overseen construction at the
2254:
2252:
2591:"The United States Steamer Unadilla in the East Indies"
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
1961:, 14 Jul 1863; salvaged; returned to service; mined in
626:
under construction at the yard of John Englis, New York
522:. The hulls were 158 feet (48 m) in length on the
511:. The design was possibly based on the 1860 rebuild of
390:
of the engines for two similar gunboats, built for the
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2325:, New Series, Volume 5, Issue 26, p. 405, 1861-12-28.
2715:, pp. 49-54, Naval Institute Press, Maryland,
2675:, Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston and New York.
2377:
Calculated from Bauer and Roberts, pp. 74–75.
658:Vessels of the class were initially armed with one
2554:
2552:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2340:
1135:saw service with the North Atlantic Squadron, and
838:, assembled a fleet of 17 warships including nine
826:class to a single operation was to the capture of
2633:Bauer, Karl Jack and Roberts, Stephen S. (1991):
2566:
2564:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
503:, under the direction of the Navy's Chief of the
2993:List of steam gunboats of the United States Navy
2222:
2220:
2218:
2385:
2383:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2282:
2280:
534:of 9 feet 6 inches (2.90 m).
324:duty or other operations in shallow waters.
2526:class therefore represents 9.7% of the total.
1795:, 1865; conv. to schooner, 1866; extant 1878
1333:; converted to bark, 1869; still extant 1885
597:engines, driving a single screw propeller.
505:Bureau of Construction, Equipment and Repairs
8:
2747:Blue & Gray Navies: The Civil War Afloat
2358:
2356:
772:, provided protection for the survey vessel
2728:Benjamin Franklin Isherwood, Naval Engineer
1756:1865; converted to sail, 1869; extant 1885
1164:became the first American warship to enter
2806:
1225:
699:Sources vary as to the performance of the
304:. Ships of the class were also known as "
1108:After the war, most of the ships of the
787:-class vessels along with a fourth, USS
378:ports. Since the Navy's Chief Engineer,
187:9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) (max.)
2669:The Mississippi Valley in the Civil War
2312:
2310:
2200:
1602:1865; converted to barge, date unknown
812:Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip
804:Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip
15:
915:to remove the chains obstructing the
7:
2682:, pp. 62-63, Conway Maritime Press,
2258:Bauer and Roberts, pp. 74–75.
1294:Asiatic Sqn. 1867-69; fate unknown
425:shipbuilders, five to the State of
2368:articles for the individual ships.
14:
1965:, 14 Apr 1865; salvaged and sold
549:"of the best quality", with port
499:-class gunboats were designed by
2766:The Civil War Naval Encyclopedia
2713:Warships of the Civil War Navies
2183:
2072:, 1869; sunk in collision, 1870
1207:and was sunk in a collision off
19:
2068:Asiatic Sqn. 1867-68; merchant
630:The first vessel of the class,
2753:, U.S. Naval Institute Press,
2726:Sloan, Edward William (1980):
2695:History of the Great Rebellion
2678:Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1992):
2637:, Greenwood Publishing Group,
1174:President of the United States
806:—map and order of battle
417:Contract distribution and cost
1:
2711:Silverstone, Paul H. (1989):
2597:, p. 1, 1868-09-01 (paysite).
2513:Silverstone, pp. 49–54.
836:West Gulf Blockading Squadron
108:30 Sep 1861–18 Sep 1869
2648:Browning, Robert M. (2002):
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1475:
1445:
1434:
1408:
1401:
1373:
1366:
1336:
1325:
1297:
1262:
1051:Only one ship of the class,
716:Though the main task of the
518:, designed by Pook's father
312:while having a light enough
2764:Tucker, Spencer C. (2010):
2745:Tucker, Spencer C. (2006):
2701:, L. Stebbins, Connecticut.
2693:Kettell, Thomas P. (1875):
2434:Main, pp. 188-190, 205-206.
3038:
2452:Browning, pp. 27–28.
2443:Browning, pp. 23–24.
2350:Gardiner, pp. 62–63.
2164:Reaney, Son & Archbold
2112:
2075:
2038:
2001:
1968:
1922:
1874:
1835:
1798:
1759:
1720:
1685:
1644:
1605:
1566:
1524:
1523:
1486:
1478:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1446:
1442:, 1869; still extant 1876
1437:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1409:
1404:
1389:
1384:
1381:
1374:
1369:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1337:
1328:
1313:
1308:
1305:
1298:
1293:
1278:
1273:
1270:
1263:
815:
809:
745:Port Royal, South Carolina
731:
704:being 8–9 knots."
439:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
238:10 kn (11.5 mph)
2990:
2821:
2479:Tucker 2010, pp. 216-217.
1916:, 1868; Chinese merchant
1495:E.G. & W.H. Goodspeed
1172:, bearing gifts from the
362:With the outbreak of the
167:158 ft (48 m) (
128:
37:
18:
1682:1868; still extant 1876
1520:1866; still extant 1878
1483:1865; sold foreign 1867
662:11 in (28 cm)
84:$ 90,000–$ 103,500
32:-class gunboat, ca. 1861
3017:Unadilla-class gunboats
2212:Sloan, pp. 30–31.
1306:Gildersleeve & Sons
997:in August 1864 and the
654:Armament and complement
589:, 18-inch (46 cm)
353:Construction and design
300:at the outbreak of the
195:12 ft (3.7 m)
179:28 ft (8.5 m)
129:General characteristics
2656:, Potomac Books Inc.,
2606:For launch date, see:
2190:Unadilla class gunboat
1455:Hillman & Streaker
1123:Of the remaining six,
1105:
1014:s in this regard were
818:Capture of New Orleans
807:
795:Capture of New Orleans
627:
488:
316:to be able to operate
2704:Main, Thomas (1893):
2192:at Wikimedia Commons
1954:Sunk in collision w.
1883:A. & G.T. Sampson
1654:George W. Jackman Jr.
1211:in the fall of 1870;
1093:
970:Battle of Baton Rouge
968:were involved in the
802:
621:
614:Launch and commission
476:
396:Secretary of the Navy
392:Imperial Russian Navy
380:Benjamin F. Isherwood
219:engines; single screw
2667:Fiske, John (1900):
2488:Tucker 2010, p. 224.
2461:Browning, pp. 30-31.
2146:, 1865; extant 1885
2010:W. & A. Thatcher
1532:Larrabee & Allen
1203:became the merchant
1074:assassination—
995:Battle of Mobile Bay
747:as its objective.
734:Battle of Port Royal
728:Battle of Port Royal
2794:Scientific American
2614:, p. 1, 1861-10-03.
2558:Silverstone, p. 53.
2497:Fiske, pp. 128-129.
2334:Silverstone, p. 51.
2322:Scientific American
2304:Silverstone, p. 50.
2274:Silverstone, p. 49.
2226:Tucker 2006, p. 35.
2084:C. & R. Poillon
1912:1868; Jap. warship
1382:Curtis & Tilden
1231:
1156:along the coast of
1078:ran onto a mine in
834:, Commander of the
366:in April 1861, the
270:24-pounder long gun
2156:Allaire Iron Works
2109:1865; extant 1885
1807:Columbus P. Carter
1793:Charles E. Gibbons
1729:Charles H. Mallory
1637:Merchant schooner
1226:
1106:
1036:with 13 each; and
1020:, with 21 prizes;
950:Vicksburg Campaign
940:Vicksburg campaign
808:
628:
489:
441:, and one each to
384:Novelty Iron Works
364:American Civil War
302:American Civil War
2999:
2998:
2800:The Baltimore Sun
2778:978-1-59884-338-5
2770:pp. 216–225
2759:978-1-59114-882-1
2740:978-0-405-13077-9
2662:978-1-57488-514-9
2643:978-0-313-26202-9
2188:Media related to
2175:
2168:
2160:Morgan Iron Works
2150:
2149:
1977:Jeremiah Simonson
1170:Chao Phraya River
1104:waters, ca. 1867
1048:with 11 apiece.
924:-class gunboats,
917:Mississippi River
903:-class gunboats,
842:-class gunboats:
581:The ships of the
477:The hulls of the
451:Morgan Iron Works
283:
282:
3029:
3022:Riverine warfare
2807:
2615:
2604:
2598:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2568:
2559:
2556:
2547:
2546:
2533:
2527:
2520:
2514:
2511:
2498:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2471:
2470:Browning, p. 41.
2468:
2462:
2459:
2453:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2412:
2401:
2400:
2387:
2378:
2375:
2369:
2360:
2351:
2348:
2335:
2332:
2326:
2314:
2305:
2302:
2287:
2286:Kettell, p. 189.
2284:
2275:
2272:
2259:
2256:
2227:
2224:
2213:
2210:
2187:
2171:
2152:
2124:Philadelphia, PA
1936:Philadelphia, PA
1908:, 1865; renamed
1844:John J. Abrahams
1772:Williamsburg, NY
1695:J. A. Westervelt
1460:Philadelphia, PA
1232:
1217:
1160:. In June 1868,
433:, three each to
340:blockade runners
310:fully oceangoing
100:1861–1885?
23:
16:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3012:Gunboat classes
3002:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2986:
2817:
2815:-class gunboats
2787:
2654:pp. 21–42
2628:
2623:
2618:
2608:"Local Matters"
2605:
2601:
2589:
2585:
2570:
2569:
2562:
2557:
2550:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2414:
2413:
2404:
2389:
2388:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2361:
2354:
2349:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2315:
2308:
2303:
2290:
2285:
2278:
2273:
2262:
2257:
2230:
2225:
2216:
2211:
2202:
2198:
2181:
1659:Newburyport, MA
1498:East Haddam, CT
1345:Webb & Bell
1230:-class gunboat
1224:
1215:
1088:
1086:Postwar service
987:
942:
820:
814:
797:
754:-class vessels
736:
730:
714:
712:Service history
697:
656:
638:, in November.
616:
579:
471:
453:and two to the
419:
360:
355:
306:90-day gunboats
292:was a class of
33:
12:
11:
5:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3004:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2762:
2743:
2734:, Arno Press,
2724:
2709:
2702:
2691:
2676:
2665:
2646:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2599:
2583:
2560:
2548:
2528:
2515:
2499:
2490:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2402:
2379:
2370:
2352:
2336:
2327:
2306:
2288:
2276:
2260:
2228:
2214:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2180:
2177:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2111:
2110:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2074:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2014:Wilmington, DE
2011:
2008:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1963:Mobile Bay, AL
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1929:
1921:
1920:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1873:
1872:
1867:Merchant bark
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1842:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1805:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1758:
1757:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1684:
1683:
1678:Merchant bark
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1639:Lucy H. Gibson
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1575:G. W. Lawrence
1573:
1565:
1564:
1559:1865; renamed
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1530:
1522:
1521:
1516:Merchant bark
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1343:
1335:
1334:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1307:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1272:
1271:N. L. Thompson
1269:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1223:
1220:
1191:In 1869, both
1178:Andrew Johnson
1087:
1084:
1062:collided with
986:
983:
941:
938:
832:David Farragut
810:Main article:
796:
793:
732:Main article:
729:
726:
713:
710:
696:
693:
655:
652:
615:
612:
578:
575:
520:Samuel M. Pook
501:Samuel H. Pook
470:
467:
418:
415:
372:Union blockade
359:
356:
354:
351:
296:built for the
281:
280:
279:
278:
272:
266:
257:
252:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
225:
221:
220:
201:
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
165:
161:
160:
157:
153:
152:
149:
145:
144:
135:
134:Class and type
131:
130:
126:
125:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
44:
40:
39:
38:Class overview
35:
34:
24:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3034:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2721:0-87021-783-6
2718:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2688:0-85177-608-6
2685:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2584:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2485:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2186:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2145:
2141:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2035:Fate unknown
2034:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1998:Fate unknown
1997:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1953:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1851:
1849:
1848:Baltimore, MD
1846:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1832:Fate unknown
1831:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1717:Fate unknown
1716:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1582:
1580:
1579:Thomaston, ME
1577:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1519:
1515:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1441:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1414:
1413:
1405:Fate unknown
1398:
1395:
1392:
1387:
1379:
1378:
1370:Fate unknown
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1350:
1349:New York City
1342:
1341:
1332:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1276:
1275:Kennebunk, ME
1268:
1267:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1222:List of ships
1221:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1182:Chulalongkorn
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1092:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
985:Other actions
984:
982:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
939:
937:
935:
931:
927:
923:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
897:
895:
894:
889:
888:
883:
882:
877:
876:
871:
870:
865:
864:
859:
858:
853:
852:
847:
846:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
819:
813:
805:
801:
794:
792:
790:
786:
782:
778:
777:
771:
770:
765:
764:
759:
758:
753:
748:
746:
742:
735:
727:
725:
723:
722:Anaconda Plan
719:
711:
709:
705:
702:
694:
692:
690:
686:
682:
681:
675:
673:
669:
668:Parrott rifle
665:
661:
653:
651:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
625:
620:
613:
611:
607:
604:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
576:
574:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
516:
510:
509:John Lenthall
506:
502:
498:
494:
487:
486:
480:
475:
468:
466:
464:
458:
456:
455:Allaire Works
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:Massachusetts
428:
424:
416:
414:
412:
408:
407:Congressional
402:
400:
399:Gideon Welles
397:
393:
389:
388:New York City
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
357:
352:
350:
348:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
323:
319:
318:close inshore
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
289:
277:
276:Parrott rifle
273:
271:
267:
265:
262:
258:
255:
254:
253:
250:
249:
245:
242:
241:
237:
234:
233:
230:
226:
223:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
199:
198:
194:
192:Depth of hold
191:
190:
186:
183:
182:
178:
175:
174:
170:
166:
163:
162:
158:
155:
154:
150:
147:
146:
143:
139:
136:
133:
132:
127:
123:
120:
119:
115:
112:
111:
107:
105:In commission
104:
103:
99:
96:
95:
92:1861–62
91:
88:
87:
83:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
69:
65:
62:
61:
58:
54:
50:
49:
45:
42:
41:
36:
31:
27:
22:
17:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2812:
2811:
2798:
2792:
2772:, ABC-CLIO,
2765:
2746:
2727:
2712:
2705:
2694:
2679:
2668:
2649:
2634:
2621:Bibliography
2611:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2575:
2540:
2531:
2523:
2518:
2493:
2484:
2475:
2466:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2419:
2394:
2373:
2363:
2330:
2320:
2182:
2172:
2170:
2153:
2151:
2143:
2121:John W. Lynn
2115:
2107:C. L. Taylor
2106:
2087:New York, NY
2078:
2069:
2050:New York, NY
2041:
2004:
1980:New York, NY
1971:
1957:
1932:Jacob Birely
1925:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1906:Kaga no Kami
1905:
1877:
1868:
1838:
1801:
1792:
1768:Thomas Stack
1762:
1753:
1723:
1699:New York, NY
1688:
1679:
1647:
1638:
1618:Portland, ME
1608:
1599:
1569:
1560:
1556:
1526:
1517:
1489:
1480:
1448:
1439:
1411:
1376:
1339:
1330:
1310:Portland, CT
1300:
1265:
1241:Where built
1227:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1186:King of Siam
1161:
1149:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1096:
1075:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
990:
988:
977:
973:
965:
961:
957:
953:
943:
933:
929:
925:
921:
912:
908:
904:
900:
898:
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
839:
823:
821:
788:
784:
780:
775:
768:
762:
756:
751:
749:
737:
717:
715:
706:
700:
698:
688:
684:
678:
676:
671:
657:
648:
643:
639:
635:
631:
629:
623:
608:
599:
582:
580:
536:
514:
496:
490:
484:
478:
459:
420:
410:
403:
361:
346:
344:
327:
326:
305:
287:
286:
284:
156:Tons burthen
148:Displacement
137:
56:
52:
47:
46:
29:
2981:Wissahickon
2786:Periodicals
2673:pp. 128-129
2416:"Aroostook"
2116:Wissahickon
2047:John Englis
1811:Belfast, ME
1440:D. H. Bills
1417:Paul Curtis
1007:Fort Fisher
1005:battles of
893:Wissahickon
828:New Orleans
695:Performance
595:back-acting
593:horizontal
435:Connecticut
376:Confederate
358:Development
336:New Orleans
332:Confederate
274:2 × 20-pdr
227:Two-masted
217:back-acting
215:horizontal
3006:Categories
2897:Marblehead
2572:"Unadilla"
2196:References
2139:1865-10-25
2136:1865-07-01
2133:1861-11-25
2130:1861-10-02
2102:1865-11-30
2099:1865-06-09
2096:1861-12-11
2093:1861-09-14
2065:1869-11-09
2059:1861-09-30
2056:1861-08-17
2029:1867-08-27
2026:1861-12-20
2023:1861-10-02
1995:1868-09-10
1992:1865-06-24
1989:1861-10-14
1986:1861-08-27
1951:1865-10-25
1945:1861-12-15
1942:1861-10-15
1901:1865-06-13
1898:1864-12-01
1895:1861-12-07
1892:1861-09-18
1886:Boston, MA
1864:1865-11-30
1861:1865-07-15
1858:1862-01-29
1855:1861-10-03
1829:1869-10-19
1826:1865-07-31
1823:1862-01-16
1820:1861-11-19
1788:1865-11-30
1785:1865-09-22
1782:1861-10-16
1779:1861-08-28
1749:1865-10-25
1746:1865-07-12
1743:1862-01-23
1740:1861-10-05
1733:Mystic, CT
1714:1865-10-25
1711:1865-08-12
1708:1861-10-07
1705:1861-08-22
1680:Marblehead
1675:1868-09-30
1672:1868-09-04
1669:1862-03-08
1666:1861-10-16
1648:Marblehead
1634:1866-10-09
1631:1865-05-09
1628:1862-02-08
1625:1861-10-09
1614:J. W. Dyer
1595:1865-11-30
1592:1865-08-09
1589:1862-02-08
1586:1861-10-05
1552:1865-11-30
1549:1865-07-14
1546:1862-02-17
1543:1861-10-12
1513:1866-06-13
1510:1865-07-05
1507:1862-01-21
1504:1861-10-21
1476:1865-11-30
1473:1865-08-22
1470:1861-11-28
1467:1861-10-01
1435:1869-06-14
1432:1868-10-08
1429:1862-01-08
1426:1861-09-21
1420:Boston, MA
1402:1867-07-13
1399:1867-07-13
1396:1862-02-15
1393:1861-10-05
1386:Boston, MA
1367:1865-11-30
1364:1865-06-24
1361:1861-12-13
1358:1861-09-14
1326:1865-10-25
1323:1865-10-25
1320:1862-02-21
1317:1861-10-21
1291:1869-09-18
1288:1869-09-18
1285:1862-02-20
1282:1861-10-19
1133:Marblehead
1080:Mobile Bay
816:See also:
664:smoothbore
644:Marblehead
551:stanchions
515:Pocahontas
485:Pocahontas
429:, four to
298:Union Navy
264:smoothbore
259:1 × 11-in
243:Complement
200:Propulsion
97:In service
26:Lithograph
2925:Penobscot
2827:Aroostook
2732:pp. 30-31
2142:Merchant
2105:Merchant
2032:1867-10-7
1956:USS
1904:Merchant
1802:Penobscot
1791:Merchant
1752:Merchant
1598:Merchant
1555:Merchant
1479:Merchant
1438:Merchant
1329:Merchant
1266:Aroostook
1213:Aroostook
1209:Hong Kong
1193:Aroostook
1145:Aroostook
1118:Penobscot
1097:Aroostook
1095:USS
1072:Lincoln's
1057:USS
1033:Penobscot
1024:with 19;
946:Vicksburg
774:USS
689:Aroostook
687:) to 94 (
636:Penobscot
577:Machinery
547:white oak
526:, with a
524:waterline
513:USS
483:USS
368:U.S. Navy
256:Original:
224:Sail plan
211:by 18 in
169:waterline
113:Completed
75:U.S. Navy
71:Operators
66:See table
2967:Unadilla
2939:Sagamore
2883:Kennebec
2876:Katahdin
2841:Chippewa
2813:Unadilla
2537:"Antona"
2524:Unadilla
2391:"Sciota"
2362:See the
2179:See also
2070:Dang Wee
2042:Unadilla
1889:Atlantic
1878:Sagamore
1663:Highland
1600:Kennebec
1570:Kennebec
1561:Katahdin
1536:Bath, ME
1527:Katahdin
1340:Chippewa
1314:Woodruff
1238:Builder
1228:Unadilla
1205:Dang Wee
1201:Unadilla
1197:Unadilla
1162:Unadilla
1150:Unadilla
1110:Unadilla
1017:Sagamore
1012:Unadilla
991:Unadilla
974:Katahdin
958:Katahdin
930:Kennebec
922:Unadilla
901:Unadilla
863:Kennebec
857:Katahdin
840:Unadilla
824:Unadilla
789:Unadilla
785:Unadilla
781:Unadilla
752:Unadilla
741:blockade
718:Unadilla
701:Unadilla
660:Dahlgren
640:Unadilla
632:Unadilla
624:Unadilla
583:Unadilla
559:live oak
543:keelsons
497:Unadilla
479:Unadilla
447:Maryland
443:Delaware
423:New York
411:Unadilla
347:Unadilla
334:port of
328:Unadilla
322:blockade
288:Unadilla
261:Dahlgren
251:Armament
229:schooner
203:2 × 200
151:691 tons
138:Unadilla
63:Builders
48:Unadilla
30:Unadilla
2918:Pembina
2869:Kanawha
2848:Chocura
2612:The Sun
2595:The Sun
2127:Merrick
2090:Allaire
2053:Novelty
1983:Novelty
1871:, 1865
1816:Allaire
1776:Novelty
1763:Pembina
1737:Novelty
1702:Novelty
1641:, 1866
1583:Novelty
1518:Mariano
1501:Pacific
1490:Kanawha
1377:Chocura
1331:Veteran
1279:Novelty
1253:Decom.
1247:Launch
1244:Engine
1125:Chocura
1102:Chinese
1027:Chocura
1022:Kanawha
769:Pembina
495:of the
294:gunboat
142:gunboat
140:-class
2974:Winona
2960:Tahoma
2953:Seneca
2946:Sciota
2932:Pinola
2911:Owasco
2904:Ottawa
2862:Itasca
2834:Cayuga
2776:
2757:
2738:
2719:
2699:p. 189
2686:
2660:
2641:
2079:Winona
2019:Reaney
2005:Tahoma
1972:Seneca
1958:Antona
1939:Morris
1926:Sciota
1918:Daimyo
1914:Yoshun
1869:Pinola
1852:Reeder
1839:Pinola
1724:Owasco
1689:Ottawa
1622:Morgan
1540:Morgan
1481:Aurora
1464:Morris
1449:Itasca
1423:Loring
1390:Loring
1354:Morgan
1301:Cayuga
1259:Notes
1250:Comm.
1154:piracy
1129:Tahoma
1114:Seneca
1076:Sciota
1068:Sciota
1064:Sciota
1059:Antona
1053:Sciota
1045:Tahoma
1039:Owasco
1003:Second
978:Winona
972:, and
966:Sciota
954:Cayuga
934:Winona
926:Itasca
913:Pinola
905:Itasca
887:Winona
881:Sciota
875:Pinola
851:Itasca
845:Cayuga
763:Seneca
757:Ottawa
685:Sciota
672:ad hoc
591:stroke
563:copper
555:locust
463:boiler
320:, for
213:stroke
207:30-in
164:Length
121:Active
53:90-day
2890:Kineo
2855:Huron
2751:p. 35
2627:Books
2577:DANFS
2542:DANFS
2421:DANFS
2396:DANFS
2365:DANFS
2144:Adele
2062:1869?
1910:Hijun
1609:Kineo
1412:Huron
1256:Sold
1235:Name
1216:'
1180:, to
1158:China
1137:Huron
999:First
962:Kineo
909:Kineo
869:Kineo
776:Vixen
680:DANFS
571:stems
567:bilge
539:keels
532:draft
493:hulls
469:Hulls
427:Maine
314:draft
290:class
235:Speed
184:Draft
89:Built
57:class
28:of a
2774:ISBN
2755:ISBN
2736:ISBN
2717:ISBN
2684:ISBN
2658:ISBN
2639:ISBN
1948:1865
1754:Lulu
1557:Juno
1195:and
1188:.
1166:Siam
1148:and
1127:and
1116:and
1042:and
1030:and
1001:and
989:The
976:and
964:and
932:and
911:and
896:.
890:and
766:and
622:USS
587:bore
557:and
541:and
528:beam
491:The
445:and
437:and
401:.
345:The
285:The
268:2 ×
209:bore
176:Beam
124:None
81:Cost
51:or "
43:Name
1168:'s
1100:in
603:psi
553:of
545:of
386:in
374:of
246:114
205:IHP
159:507
3008::
2797:,
2768:,
2749:,
2730:,
2697:,
2671:,
2652:,
2610:,
2593:,
2574:.
2563:^
2551:^
2539:.
2502:^
2418:.
2405:^
2393:.
2382:^
2355:^
2339:^
2319:,
2309:^
2291:^
2279:^
2263:^
2231:^
2217:^
2203:^
1563:?
1184:,
1176:,
960:,
956:,
928:,
907:,
884:,
878:,
872:,
866:,
860:,
854:,
848:,
760:,
507:,
116:23
55:"
2780:.
2761:.
2742:.
2723:.
2690:.
2664:.
2645:.
2580:.
2545:.
2424:.
2399:.
171:)
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