88:
432:
711:
74:
515:
William also set two major laws, the
Privilegium Unionis and Priviligium Successionis. The Privilegium Unionis had declared that the Duchies of Jülich, Cleves, and Berg would remain united rather than divided during succession. The Priviligium Successionis declared that in the case of the extinction
87:
682:
496:. Controlling Guelders would allow for the disconnected lands of the duchies to be connected by land. To counter the Habsburg Emperor, William attempted to form several alliances. For example, his sister,
833:
873:
473:
as a result of their strategic marriage in 1509. These united duchies controlled most of the present-day North Rhine-Westphalia that was not within the ecclesiastical territories of
863:
868:
858:
740:
828:
528:
675:
551:, the heirs of the last duke's two eldest sisters were on opposite sides of the divide. The situation was further complicated by acquisitive desires of
803:
798:
823:
431:
596:
666:
585:
485:
781:
93:
848:
762:
531:— died without issue in 1609. His inheritance was claimed by the heirs of his two eldest sisters. Whilst the dukes, inspired by the
838:
694:
398:
73:
623:
600:
524:
108:
619:. Years of being trampled by armies had destroyed much of the lands' wealth that had been so renowned under William the Rich.
469:, women could only hold property through a husband or guardian, so the territories passed to her husband—and distant relative—
336:
322:
297:
283:
269:
255:
241:
843:
552:
883:
639:
489:
631:
723:
813:
733:
727:
719:
592:
315:
744:
808:
660:
470:
504:
to create an alliance between
England and Jülich-Cleves-Berg. Nonetheless, Charles V defeated William in the
878:
478:
818:
548:
410:
191:
512:. William also spent a lot of his reign developing his lands by constructing fortresses and residencies.
635:
474:
853:
604:
571:
458:
302:
138:
612:
142:
616:
563:
536:
402:
394:
329:
134:
450:
379:
274:
646:; with Cleves-Mark as their first possession in western Germany, it was the seed of the future
520:
493:
462:
446:
371:
19:"Duchy of Jülich-Berg" redirects here. For a list of rulers of the Duchy of Jülich-Berg, see
643:
627:
608:
204:
581:
559:
556:
509:
383:
260:
175:
41:
647:
589:
567:
497:
375:
288:
179:
55:
792:
505:
454:
387:
246:
130:
119:
20:
457:
united in 1423. Nearly a century later, in 1521, these two duchies, along with the
414:
358:
162:
501:
436:
418:
466:
445:
The United
Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg was a combination of states of the
782:
Archive.org: Online map of the United
Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg in 1635
578:
532:
519:
Only a century after John III's marriage, however, the male line of the
406:
354:
611:, the Protestant territories (Cleves, Mark and Ravensburg) passed to
681:
680:
430:
152:
405:
between 1815 and 1822. Its territory is today split between the
615:
with the
Catholic lands (Jülich and Berg) being awarded to the
704:
527:
over the right to inherit the united duchies. William's son —
630:
in 1685, with the
Bergish capital becoming the seat of the
516:
of the male line, the duchies would pass to a female line.
16:
Former territories in modern
Germany and the Netherlands
834:
Former states and territories of North Rhine-Westphalia
523:, which ruled the duchies, fell extinct, prompting the
129:
various closely related West
Germanic varieties, e.g.
98:
United
Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg highlighted in red
547:" between the confessional disputes ensuing from the
435:
Map of Jülich-Cleves-Berg including the province of
461:, fell extinct, with only the last duke's daughter
350:
201:
172:
158:
148:
125:
115:
103:
28:
874:1610s disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
732:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
654:Dukes of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, House of La Marck
864:States and territories disestablished in 1614
8:
869:1521 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
33:
541:
47:
859:States and territories established in 1521
86:
25:
763:Learn how and when to remove this message
35:Vereinigte Herzogtümer Jülich-Kleve-Berg
829:Early modern history of the Netherlands
597:Philip Louis, Count Palatine of Neuburg
508:, and William was forced to accept the
374:between 1521 and 1666, formed from the
49:Verenigde Hertogdommen Gulik-Kleef-Berg
586:John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg
570:, who feared any strengthening of the
562:—the former particularly worrying to
200:
171:
167:
7:
368:United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
30:United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
393:The name was resurrected after the
14:
471:John III, Duke of Cleves and Mark
804:Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle
799:Duchies of the Holy Roman Empire
709:
640:Margrave-Electors of Brandenburg
488:, the United Duchies challenged
334:
320:
295:
281:
267:
253:
239:
94:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle
72:
824:Early modern history of Germany
316:Margraviate of Brandenburg
695:Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
603:(one of the precursors to the
399:province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
1:
632:Electorate of the Palatinate
601:War of the Jülich Succession
525:War of the Jülich Succession
634:, until the line inherited
900:
502:King Henry VIII of England
109:State of Holy Roman Empire
18:
599:. As a result, after the
539:, had managed to bear a "
484:During the reign of Duke
218:
214:
168:
85:
69:
64:
849:History of the Rhineland
718:This article includes a
661:John III, Duke of Cleves
189:
184:
747:more precise citations.
622:Philip Louis' grandson
465:left to inherit; under
370:was a territory in the
685:
638:in 1777. In 1701, the
549:Protestant Reformation
542:
440:
411:North Rhine-Westphalia
203:• Partitioned at
48:
34:
844:History of Gelderland
839:History of Düsseldorf
684:
434:
126:Common languages
572:Habsburg Netherlands
459:county of Ravensberg
303:County of Ravensberg
613:Brandenburg-Prussia
492:for control of the
192:Duke of Jülich-Berg
720:list of references
686:
648:Prussian Rhineland
617:Palatinate-Neuburg
564:Henry IV of France
553:Emperor Rudolph II
537:Desiderius Erasmus
441:
403:Kingdom of Prussia
395:Congress of Vienna
378:of the duchies of
330:Palatinate-Neuburg
884:Eighty Years' War
773:
772:
765:
609:settled at Xanten
605:Thirty Years' War
529:Duke John William
521:House of La Marck
494:Duchy of Guelders
490:Emperor Charles V
475:Electoral Cologne
463:Maria von Geldern
449:. The duchies of
447:Holy Roman Empire
372:Holy Roman Empire
364:
363:
346:
345:
342:
341:
308:
307:
891:
768:
761:
757:
754:
748:
743:this article by
734:inline citations
713:
712:
705:
644:Kings in Prussia
628:Elector Palatine
545:
486:William the Rich
338:
337:
324:
323:
312:
311:
299:
298:
285:
284:
271:
270:
257:
256:
243:
242:
236:
235:
220:
219:
210:12 November 1614
190:
185:
90:
76:
59:
51:
45:
37:
26:
899:
898:
894:
893:
892:
890:
889:
888:
814:Duchy of Jülich
809:Duchy of Cleves
789:
788:
778:
769:
758:
752:
749:
738:
724:related reading
714:
710:
703:
691:
656:
595:was married to
584:was married to
582:Anna of Prussia
560:dukes of Saxony
510:Treaty of Venlo
443:
442:
427:
357:
335:
321:
296:
282:
275:Duchy of Jülich
268:
261:Duchy of Cleves
254:
240:
207:
194:
188:
187:
183:
182:
99:
97:
81:
80:
77:
60:
53:
46:
39:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
897:
895:
887:
886:
881:
879:Former duchies
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
791:
790:
785:
784:
777:
776:External links
774:
771:
770:
728:external links
717:
715:
708:
702:
699:
698:
697:
690:
687:
679:
678:
672:
663:
655:
652:
624:Philip William
593:Anna of Cleves
590:Roman Catholic
568:Dutch Republic
498:Anne of Cleves
429:
428:
426:
423:
376:personal union
362:
361:
352:
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
339:
332:
326:
325:
318:
309:
306:
305:
300:
292:
291:
289:County of Mark
286:
278:
277:
272:
264:
263:
258:
250:
249:
244:
232:
231:
226:
216:
215:
212:
211:
208:
202:
199:
198:
195:
173:
170:
169:
166:
165:
160:
159:Historical era
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
105:
101:
100:
91:
83:
82:
78:
71:
70:
67:
66:
62:
61:
32:
29:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
896:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
819:House of Berg
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
796:
794:
787:
783:
780:
779:
775:
767:
764:
756:
753:December 2016
746:
742:
736:
735:
729:
725:
721:
716:
707:
706:
700:
696:
693:
692:
688:
683:
677:
673:
671:
670:
664:
662:
658:
657:
653:
651:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
591:
587:
583:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
558:
554:
550:
546:
544:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
513:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
439:(around 1540)
438:
433:
424:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
360:
356:
353:
351:Today part of
349:
333:
331:
328:
327:
319:
317:
314:
313:
310:
304:
301:
294:
293:
290:
287:
280:
279:
276:
273:
266:
265:
262:
259:
252:
251:
248:
247:Duchy of Berg
245:
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
225:
222:
221:
217:
213:
209:
206:
196:
193:
181:
177:
164:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
144:
140:
136:
132:
131:Kleverlandish
128:
124:
121:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
96:around 1560,
95:
89:
84:
75:
68:
63:
57:
50:
43:
36:
27:
22:
21:Duchy of Berg
786:
759:
750:
739:Please help
731:
676:John William
668:
621:
576:
540:
518:
514:
506:Guelders War
483:
444:
417:province of
392:
367:
365:
229:Succeeded by
228:
223:
186:inherited by
79:Coat of arms
854:Real unions
745:introducing
674:1592–1609:
665:1539–1592:
659:1521–1539:
359:Netherlands
224:Preceded by
163:Middle Ages
139:Westphalian
92:Map of the
793:Categories
701:References
588:, whereas
500:, married
437:Gelderland
419:Gelderland
149:Government
143:Limburgish
120:Düsseldorf
543:via media
467:Salic law
409:state of
135:Ripuarian
65:1521–1614
689:See also
669:the Rich
667:William
579:Lutheran
566:and the
555:and the
533:humanism
413:and the
397:for the
741:improve
642:became
636:Bavaria
626:became
479:Münster
425:History
401:of the
355:Germany
174:•
116:Capital
107:Duchy (
607:) was
557:Wettin
451:Jülich
407:German
384:Cleves
380:Jülich
205:Xanten
176:Cleves
104:Status
52:
42:German
38:
726:, or
415:Dutch
153:Duchy
56:Dutch
577:The
477:and
455:Berg
453:and
388:Berg
386:and
366:The
197:1521
180:Mark
178:and
535:of
795::
730:,
722:,
650:.
574:.
481:.
421:.
390:.
382:,
141:,
137:,
133:,
766:)
760:(
755:)
751:(
737:.
111:)
58:)
54:(
44:)
40:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.