United Farm Workers - Knowledge (XXG)

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fields of California wanted to strike against the growers in response to the grower's refusal to raise wages from $ 1.20 to $ 1.40 an hour, and they sought out Chávez and the National Farm Workers Association for support. The Delano agricultural workers were mostly Filipino workers affiliated with the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee, a charter of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations. The unification of these two organizations, in an attempt to boycott table grapes grown in the Delano fields, resulted in the creation of the United Farm Workers of America. The AFL–CIO chartered the United Farm Workers, officially combining the AWOC and the NFWA, in August 1966.

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Williams. One year later, Kennedy attended a UFW fundraiser where he felt threatened by a man in the crowd; in response, union members protected Kennedy so he could safely leave the event. Kennedy's connection to and support of the UFW helped to give national momentum to the grape strike. When Kennedy began to campaign in the Democratic primary, the UFW suspended all strikes to campaign alongside him, leading to high turnout amongst them and their allies. The assassination of Kennedy greatly affected UFW members and their communities. Farm workers in Delano held a mass in his honor.

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in California and began to strike, demonstrate, and organize to fight for a myriad of issues that Mexican laborers faced. While many of the male leaders of the movement had the role of being dynamic, powerful speakers that inspired others to join the movement, the women devoted their efforts to negotiating better working contracts with companies, organizing boycotts, rallying for changes in immigration policies, registering Latinos to vote with Spanish language ballots, and increasing pressure on legislation to improve labor relations.

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pro-union neighborhoods in New York to join the boycotting of stores that sold from grapes striking farms. By 1973, Huerta began to act as a lobbyist for the UFW in the California State congress. During this period, she testified in favor of both Latino and Latina voting rights as well as further protections for farm workers. However, it was most common for Chicana activists and female labor union members to be involved in administrative tasks for the early stages of UFW. Women like

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medical facilities in the area. The first clinics were established within local homes after the strike began. Wanting to expand the clinics, the UFW began sending letters to potential donors and supporters, which resulted in them receiving needed medical supplies and a trailer to act as an additional building for the clinic. These trailers served as the UFW's main clinic in Delano until 1972 when they were closed down in favor of opening the Terronez Clinic.

2665: 1821: 1875: 2062: 2262: 2228: 1890:, who was a community organizer working on behalf of the Community Service Organization. During Chávez's participation in the Community Service Organization, Fred Ross trained César Chávez in the grassroots, door-to-door, house meeting tactic of organization, a tactic crucial to the UFW's recruiting methods. The house meeting tactic successfully established a broad base of local 2651: 2403: 289: 2806:

were initially unnerved by the powerful image. When the flag was first displayed to the fledging union membership in 1962, some workers complained that it looked like a Communist flag, others that it resembled a Nazi banner. "It's what you want to see in it," Chavez told them, "what you're conditioned to. To me it looks like a strong, beautiful sign of hope."

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Defense and accused them of deliberately purchasing boycotted grapes. On May 10, UFW supporters picketed Safeway stores throughout the U.S. and Canada in celebration of International Grape Boycott Day. César Chávez also went on a speaking tour along the East Coast to ask for support from labor groups, religious groups, and universities.

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staffers resigning. Prominent Filipino activist Philip Vera Cruz also left the UFW in 1977 after Chavez accepted a invitation to visit the Philippines from the then dictator Ferdinand Marcos. In 1977, the Teamsters signed an agreement with the UFW promising to end their efforts to represent farm workers.

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that existed from 1942 to 1964. Their opposition was due to their belief that the program undermined U.S. workers and exploited the migrant workers. Since the Bracero Program ensured a constant supply of cheap immigrant labor for growers, immigrants could not protest any infringement of their rights,

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The Darigold Dozen are 12 dairy farm workers from Washington who filed a lawsuit against Ruby Ridge Dairy in Pasco where they are employed, for wage theft. The UFW held a 5 day Fast on September 20, 2018, outside the Darigold headquarters to protest the poor work condition and treatments the Darigold

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In the later 1910s and the 1920s in the United States, further attempts to organize farm laborers were undertaken by spontaneous local efforts, and some by communist unions. These attempts also failed because, at that time, the law did not require employers to negotiate with workers. Employers at the

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In the early history of American agriculture, farmworkers experienced many failed attempts to organize agricultural laborers. In 1903, Japanese and Mexican farm workers attempted to come together to fight for better wages and better working conditions. This attempt to organize agricultural laborers

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A variety of services were offered to union members during this early period, such as local medical clinics. During the grape strike of 1965 in Delano California, medical volunteers and UFW leadership began establishing medical clinics for workers due to a noticeable lack of affordable and accessible

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was to organize a union for farm workers. In March 1962, at the Community Service Organization convention, Chávez proposed a pilot project for organizing farm workers, which the organization's members rejected. Saul Alinsky did not share Chávez's sympathy for the farm workers struggle, claiming that

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At the mortuary, UFW supporters unfurled their union flag—and then the trouble began. The bold red flag with its black Aztec eagle in a white circle had long been controversial in the Central Valley. During the 1960s grape strike, the growers used to call it "Chavez's Trotsky flag." Even UFW members

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While male activists held leadership roles and more authority, the women activists participated in volunteering and teaching valuable skills to individuals of the Latino community. By the 1960s, Dolores Huerta and others began to shift their attention to the labor exploitation of Latino farm workers

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Between 1965 and 1975 the United Farm Workers activism throughout the United States saw a tremendous increase. UFW started with the 7 states of California, New York, Washington D.C., Mississippi, Arizona, Illinois, and Texas. The movement and fight for change expanded to a total of 42 states in the

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stopped enforcement of the state's farm labor laws, resulting in farm workers losing their UFW contracts, being fired, and blacklisted. Due to internal squabbles, most of the union's original leadership left or were forced out, except for Chávez and Huerta. By 1986, the union had been reduced to 75

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grocery store chain. In addition, he attempted to organize Hispanic farm workers working the farmers market in San Antonio—an institution at that time controlled by the corporate farms. Among his many organizing activities included an early 1972 episode where he and several other UFOC staff members

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In 1969, support for farm workers increased throughout North America. The grape boycott spread into the South as civil rights groups pressured grocery stores in Atlanta, Miami, New Orleans, Nashville, and Louisville to remove non-union grapes. Student groups in New York protested the Department of

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In the early 1980s, Tomas Villanueva, a well-known organizer who had a reputation for his activism for farm workers, agreed to help the UFW when they were in need of a leader for their march in Washington state. Villanueva joined César Chávez in organizing the boycotts and strikes that occurred in

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were important in responsibilities such as credit union bookkeeping and behind the scenes advising. Still, both women along with other Chicana activists participated in picketing with their families in the face of police intimidation and racial abuse. Keeping track of union services and membership

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In 1959, Chávez achieved the rank of executive director in the Community Service Organization. He established professional relationships with local community organizations that aimed to empower the working class population by encouraging them to become more politically active. One of these was the

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National support for the UFW continued to grow in 1968, and hundreds of UFW members and supporters were arrested. Picketing continued throughout the country, including in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Florida. The mayors of New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Buffalo, Detroit, and

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In 1972 the UFW opened the Terronez Clinic in Delano, California. The clinic was primarily staffed by volunteer doctors and nurses who recently graduated medical school along with and administrative staff made of local supporters. By the end of their first year, the clinic had served an estimated

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for Latino civil rights. The racial discrimination and economic disadvantages they faced from a young age made it necessary to form networks of support like the CSO to empower Latinos in America with voter registration drives, citizenship classes, lawsuits and legislative campaigns, and political

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The UFW continues to raise awareness on the treatment of Darigold farm workers and speaks out against Starbucks who buy their milk from the Darigold company. On the UFW website, they have flyers and videos about the conditions dairy farmers face, which they encourage people to share with others.

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In the late 1970s, the leadership of the UFW was wracked by a series of conflicts, as differences emerged between Chávez and some of his former colleagues. Trying to maintain union membership and strength, the UFW began to control the activities of local chapters which resulted in some longtime

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organized a rally of two thousand farm workers at a large ranch in a rural area of Northern California. This resulted in an attack by National Guardsmen against participants. As a result of the violence, the two lead organizers for the Industrial Workers of the World were arrested, convicted of

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During the early years of the UFW, one of their most prominent allies was Senator Robert F. Kennedy. In March 1966, Kennedy visited and spoke with union members participating in the Delano grape strike and later conducted a hearing on migrant farm workers with senators George Murphy and Harrison

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Additionally, there was a major scare over pesticides in California at the time; watermelons would make the farm workers and consumers very ill. The UFW was outraged to hear about the use of illegal pesticides, and Chávez decided to fast for 36 days to protest the dangers pesticides had on farm

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Although still in its infant stages, the organization lent its support to a strike by workers in the rose industry in 1965. This initial protest by the young organization resulted in a failed attempt to strike against the rose industry. That same year the farm workers who worked in the Delano

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On September 21, 1986, Villanueva became the first president of the Washington state UFW. He was a great leader for the UFW activists in Washington since he led many strikes and influenced people to join the United Farm Workers movement. People who were against the movement started threatening

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Between 1964 and 1965, Gilbert Padilla and Huerta organized wine and liquor boycotts throughout California. Later, in 1968, Huerta led the boycotts of grapes within the east coast, successfully convincing other unions, such as the seafarer union, to join their cause while also getting multiple

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took effect. This legislation provided most American workers the right to join unions and bargain collectively. Agricultural workers were exempt from the protection of this law. Some believe that this labor category was excluded as a result of a political tactic to gain the support of Southern

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On a few occasions, concerns that illegal immigrant labor would undermine UFW strike campaigns led to controversial events. The UFW describes these as anti-strikebreaking events, but some have also interpreted them as anti-immigrant. In 1969, Chávez and members of the UFW marched through the

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rally, but no changes in law resulted. Strikes and arrests continued in Rio Grande City through 1966 into 1967. Violence increased as the spring melon crop ripened and time neared for the May harvest. In June, when beatings of two UFWOC supporters by Texas rangers surfaced, tempers flared.

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traveled to Texas and organized local farmworkers into the Independent Workers' Association. At the time, some melon workers lacked access to freshwater while working in the fields, some lacked sanitary facilities for human waste, and some were present in the fields as crop dusters dropped

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in the retail grocery industry. The union struggled to regain the members it had lost in the lettuce fields; it never fully recovered its strength in grapes, due in some part to incompetent management of the hiring halls it had established that seemed to favor some workers over others.

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In 1967, UFW supporters in Oregon began picketing stores in Eugene, Salem, and Portland. After melon workers went on strike in Texas, growers held the first union representation elections in the region, and the UFW became the first union to ever sign a contract with a grower in Texas.

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was a Filipino American labor organizer who forefronted the grape strike in Coachella Valley that led to the Delano Grape Strike of 1965. He became assistant director of the UFW. Chávez was the leader and also a gifted public speaker. Huerta was a skilled organizer and negotiator.

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The role of César Chávez, a co-founder of UFW, was to frame his campaigns in terms of consumer safety and involving social justice, bringing benefits to the farmworker unions. One of UFW's, along with Chávez's, important aspects that has been overlooked is building coalitions.

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The United Farm Workers of America's work is dedicated to helping farm workers have the proper conditions in the work field and stand with them in the fight for equality. One of the issues that the UFW is constantly fighting for is the ongoing abuse that dairy workers at

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The grape strike officially began in Delano in September 1965. In December, union representatives traveled from California to New York, Washington, D.C., Pittsburgh, Detroit, and other large cities to encourage a boycott of grapes grown at ranches without UFW contracts.

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By 1965, the National Farm Workers Association had acquired twelve hundred members through Chávez's person-to-person recruitment efforts, which he had learned from Fred Ross a decade earlier. Out of those twelve hundred, only about two hundred paid dues. Also in 1962,

2005:, rather than a trade union. However, when they joined the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC), led by Larry Itliong, in a grape-strike in 1965, the group soon took on the characteristics of a trade union and gained official union status with the AFL–CIO. 2135:

accompanied the protestors. Gov. John Connally, who had refused to meet them in Austin, traveled to New Braunfels with then House Speaker Ben Barnes and Attorney General Waggoner Carr to intercept the march and inform strikers that their efforts would have no effect.

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The UFW during Chávez's tenure was committed to restricting immigration. Chávez and other like-minded individuals advocated for enforcement of laws such as the Alien Contract Labor Act of 1885 to fight the influx of people that could hurt their cause. Chávez and

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chapters during Ross's era, and Chávez used this technique to extend the UFW's reach as well as to find up and coming organizers. During the 1950s, Chávez and Ross developed 22 new Community Service Organization chapters in the Mexican American neighborhoods of

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In the summer of 1966, unions and religious groups from Seattle and Portland endorsed the boycott. Supporters formed a boycott committee in Vancouver, prompting an outpouring of support from Canadians that continued throughout the following years.

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were traditionally responsibilities given to female organizers and it was integral to the institutional survival of the UFW, but it has gone much less recognized throughout history due to the male led strikes receiving majority public attention.

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to the border of Mexico to protest growers' use of illegal immigrants as strikebreakers. The UFW and Chávez reported illegal immigrants who served as strikebreaking replacement workers (as well as those who refused to unionize) to the

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used their education and resources arrange programs at the grassroots level, sustaining and leading members it into the labor movement. As the sister-in-law of César Chávez, Huerta had great influence over the direction that it took.

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organizing farm workers, "was like fighting on a constantly disintegrating bed of sand." (Alinsky, 1967) Chávez responded by resigning to create the farm workers union that later became known as the National Farm Workers Association.

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farmers face and to bring attention to the Darigold Dozen. On May 8, 2019 the employers of the Darigold Dozen dropped their countersuit against their former employees and dropped a lawsuit that they had filed against the UFW.

2321:. Whereas Chávez thought this change would help create "a national union of the poor ... serving the needs of all who suffer", other union members objected to this distancing of the leadership away from the farmworkers. 2598:. On January 13, 2006, the union officially disaffiliated from the AFL–CIO. In contrast to other Change to Win-affiliated unions, the AFL–CIO neglected to offer the right of affiliation to regional bodies to the UFW. 54: 1861: 7525: 2379:

leaders of the group such as Villanueva, but he continued organizing rallies. Even though there was some success in Washington state, the overall UFW membership started decreasing towards the end of the 1980s.

2718:"Richard Chavez dies at 81; brother of Cesar Chavez (He helped Cesar Chavez build the United Farm Workers into a political and agricultural force. He organized the California grape boycott in the late 1960s.)" 2130:

to demand the $ 1.25 minimum wage and other improvements for farm workers. Press coverage intensified as the marchers made their way north in the summer heat. Politicians, members of the AFL–CIO, and the

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In 2013, farm workers working at a Fresno facility, for California's largest peach producer, voted to de-certify the United Farm Workers. News of this decertification was released to the public in 2018.

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farms are facing. Darigold farms workers are known to have dealt with issues such as sexual harassment and wage theft. The UFW has taken an active role in a particular case called the "Darigold Dozen".

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This collection contains leaflets and newspapers that were distributed on the University of Washington campus during the decades of the 1960s and 1970s. Includes ephemera from the United Farm Workers.

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23,000 farm workers and their families. Due to its success, the UFW opened other clinics in Calexico and Salinas. By 1978, UFW Executive Board decided to end the programs due to dwindling resources.

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In 1979, Chávez denounced the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service in a U.S. Senate hearing for the former's refusal to arrest illegal Mexican immigrants whom Chávez said were being used as

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on UFW and pre-UFW farm worker organizing, including interviews with organizers, historical photographs, digitized newspaper articles and a ten-part essay on farm worker struggles in the State.

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The United Farm Workers allows farmworkers to help improve their working conditions and wages. The UFW embraces nonviolence in its attempt to cultivate members on political and social issues.

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In 1966, growers in cahoots with the Texas Rangers brought in pickers from Mexico to break the farmworker strike. Mexicans harvested the melons and put picketing Texas workers out of a job.

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workers and their community. This influenced the legislature in California to create more food testing programs, resulting in pesticide-free produce, and to encourage organic farming.

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pesticides on the crops. On June 1, Nelson led workers to strike to protest poor working conditions and demanded $ 1.25 as a minimum hourly wage. Workers picketed and were arrested by

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to prevent Mexican immigrants from entering the United States illegally and undermining the UFW's unionization efforts. During one such event, in which Chávez was not involved, some

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After the passing of Chávez, the United Farm Workers shifted their stance towards immigration and began advocating for undocumented immigrants and campaign against Proposition 187.

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in the Archives & Special Collections at Amherst College. Cohen was General Counsel of the United Farm Workers of America and personal attorney of César Chávez from 1967–1979.

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Farmworker Collective Bargaining, 1979: Hearings Before the Committee on Labor Human Resources Hearings held in Salinas, Calif., April 26, 27, and Washington, D.C., May 24, 1979

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was ignored and disbanded when organizations, such as the American Federation of Labor, neglected to support their efforts, often withholding assistance on the basis of race.

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members, under the guidance of Chávez's cousin Manuel, physically attacked the strikebreakers after peaceful attempts to persuade them not to cross the border failed.

2159:'s devastations ruined the farming industry in the Valley for the following year. One major outcome of the strikes came in the form of a 1974 Supreme Court victory in 3275:

Sowards, Stacey (August 6, 2020). "Dolores Huerta, the United Farm Workers, and people power: Rhetorical participation in Latina/o/x suffrage and social movements".

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took office" in 2003. In 2006 California's first permanent heat regulations were enacted but these regulations were not strictly enforced, the union contended.

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limiting jurisdiction of Texas Rangers in labor disputes. Farm workers continued to organize through the 1970s on a smaller scale, under new leadership in

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Among the women who engaged in activism for labor rights, traditional and non traditional patterns of activism existed. Mexican-American women like

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Many Mexican women in California who joined the UFW in the 1960s had been previously involved in community-based activism in the 1950s through the

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also co-stars in the role of an owner of a large industrial grape farm who leads the sometimes violent opposition to Chávez's organizing efforts.

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In the 1980s, the UFW joined with the AFL–CIO and other organizations for the national Wrath of Grapes campaign, reinstituting the grape boycott.

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The battles in the fields became violent, with a number of UFW members killed on the picket line. The violence led the state in 1975 to enact the

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TJ worked for UFOC for about 2 years and his responsibilities included organizing the Grape Boycott in San Antonio. His primary target was the

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At the end of June as the harvest was ending, members of the Senate Subcommittee on Migratory Labor, including Senators Harrison Williams and

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Rose, Margaret (1990). "Traditional and Nontraditional Patterns of Female Activism in the United Farm Workers of America, 1962 to 1980".

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In the 1980s, the membership of the UFW shrank, as did its national prominence. After taking office in the 1980s, California Governor

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who were attempting to organize warehouse workers in San Antonio were fired upon by security agents of the corporate farm owners.

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insignia that became the symbol of the NFW and the UFW. César Chávez chose the red and black colors used by the organization.

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of the UFW and related organizations are held at the Walter Reuther Library, Wayne State University. The website also has an

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There were over 1,000 UFW strikes, boycotts, protests, and other farm worker actions between 1965 and 1975, as collected by

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and local police. Day laborers arrived from Mexico to harvest the crop, and by the end of June the strike had failed.

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García, Juan R (2012). "Beyond The Fields: Cesar Chavez, The UFW, And The Struggle For Justice In The 21St Century".

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he could eat. The menudo was provided to the UFOC staff by the families of migrant workers working the Texas fields.

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Other organizations that followed in the United Farm Workers fight to empower and seek justice for farm workers are

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other cities pledged their support, and many of them altered their cities' grape purchases to support the boycott.

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The struggle in Black and brown : African American and Mexican American relations during the civil rights era

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By mid-1971 the Texas campaign was well underway. In Sept. 1971, Thomas John Wakely, recent discharge from the

1983:. They also used the Braceros to break strikes by resident farmworkers. This program was extended until 1964. 1236: 1120: 832: 585: 490: 7247: 5057: 5012: 640: 535: 2324:

The union was poised to launch its next major campaign in the lettuce fields in 1970 when a deal between the

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lest they be fired and replaced. Their efforts contributed to Congress ending the Bracero Program in 1964.

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and the growers nearly destroyed it. Initially, the Teamsters signed contracts with lettuce growers in the

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murder, and sentenced to life imprisonment. Some believe the two people arrested were wrongly convicted.

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Why David Sometimes Wins: Leadership, Organization, and Strategy in the California Farm Worker Movement

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Grounds for Dreaming: Mexican Americans, Mexican Immigrants, and the California Farmworker Movement

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César Chávez speaking at the Delano UFW−United Farm Workers rally in Delano, California, June 1972.

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Lastly, they have also emailed the CEO of Starbucks asking him to cut ties with Darigold company.

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Hoffman, Beatrix (2019). ""¡Viva La Clinica!": The United Farm Workers' Fight for Medical Care".

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is the official repository of the United Farm Workers Union. Collections include the papers of

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Garcia, Matt (Spring 2013). "A Moveable Feast: The UFW Grape Boycott and Farm Worker Justice".

2028: 7277: 7152: 6982: 6962: 6930: 6883: 6667: 5850: 5799: 5478: 5207: 4974: 4969: 4873: 4670: 4572:: A map with over 1,000 farm worker strikes, boycotts, and other actions, as well as an event 4456: 4428: 4407: 4393: 4369: 4155: 4101: 4074: 4018: 3584: 3362: 3352: 3215: 3128: 3063: 2796: 2786: 2782: 2757: 2722: 2395:. According to United Farm Workers, he was the "13th farm worker heat death since CA Governor 2364: 1592: 1585: 789: 525: 485: 480: 280: 222: 193:

in the United States. It originated from the merger of two workers' rights organizations, the

98: 4646: 4151: 4014: 3842:"UNITED FARM WORKERS BEGIN 5 DAY FAST FOR RECONCILIATION AT DARIGOLD HEADQUARTERS IN SEATTLE" 7335: 7104: 6856: 6744: 6495: 5820: 5701: 5312: 5302: 5292: 5282: 5169: 5027: 4999: 4893: 4748: 4272: 4229: 3319: 3284: 3249: 3055: 2538: 2156: 1403: 1229: 1170: 1037: 1009: 898: 739: 650: 510: 288: 226: 4655: 4589: 4439:

The Union of Tbeir Dreams: Power, Hope, and Struggle in Cesar Chavez's Farm Worker Movement

3508: 2825: 7386: 7381: 7057: 6861: 6824: 6461: 6174: 5792: 5129: 4989: 4949: 4939: 4569: 4502: 4453:

Beyond the Fields: Cesar Chavez, the UFW, and the Struggle for Justice in the 21st Century

3921: 3711: 3021: 2948: 2916:

Beyond the Fields: Cesar Chavez, the UFW, and the Struggle for Justice in the 21st Century

2635: 2525: 2164: 2152: 2034: 1976: 1175: 1153: 1072: 860: 794: 694: 500: 450: 435: 4577: 4543:– Court Case Documents, Chateau Ste. Michelle Winery Picket, Joseph Moore Speeding Ticket 4534: 4129: 3097: 2876: 2507:(FLOC) (1967), Treeplanters & Farmworkers United of the Northwest (PCUN) (1985), and 2428: 17: 4573: 2187:

office of the Texas campaign. His pay was room and board, $ 5.00 a week plus all of the

1911:

Chávez's ultimate goal in participating with the Community Service Organization and the

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Walls and Mirrors: Mexican Americans, Mexican Immigrants, and the Politics of Ethnicity

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On July 4, members of UFWOC, strikers, and members of the clergy set out on a march to

2021: 1921: 1474: 1350: 1272: 975: 956: 387: 206: 59: 4838: 4009:

Walls and Mirrors: Mexican Americans, Mexican Immigrants and the Politics of Ethnicity

7459: 7032: 6903: 6841: 6784: 6759: 6724: 6689: 6642: 6596: 6510: 6473: 6434: 6359: 5443: 5368: 5348: 5252: 5227: 4790: 4416: 4385: 4249: 4144: 4007: 3630: 3346: 3296: 3261: 2561: 2188: 2127: 2115: 1980: 1904: 1550: 1287: 1262: 799: 218: 138: 112: 4359:

Trampling Out the Vintage: Cesar Chavez and the Two Souls of the United Farm Workers

4276: 3075: 2402: 7094: 7017: 6774: 6608: 6522: 6414: 6382: 6066: 6054: 5768: 5748: 5373: 5327: 5317: 5242: 5237: 4481: 2608: 2203: 1469: 1441: 1360: 1292: 1113: 1058: 1023: 908: 888: 883: 865: 855: 729: 530: 4694:. Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. 3288: 2595: 2270: 2236: 1992: 1874: 242: 4656:

University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – Vietnam War Era Ephemera

4353: 3893: 2151:, arrived in the lower Rio Grande Valley to hold hearings in Rio Grande City and 7162: 6913: 6799: 6630: 6564: 6404: 5247: 5174: 5123: 4742: 4688:

Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

2424: 2392: 2184: 2148: 2061: 1903:

Agricultural Workers Association (AWA). Dolores Huerta created the AWA in 1960.

1464: 1340: 1277: 850: 688: 190: 186: 3841: 2632:, Delano, California, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) 7442: 7167: 7129: 6672: 6581: 6211: 5880: 5531: 5022: 4697: 4537:

Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.

4348: 4233: 3399:"In South Texas, Fair Wages Elude Farmworkers, 50 Years After Historic Strike" 3253: 2800: 2646: 2420: 2001: 1725: 645: 545: 402: 234: 4528: 4518: 3219: 2972:"The forgotten history of the Filipino laborers who worked with Cesar Chavez" 1975:

In 1941, the United States Government and the Mexican Government enacted the

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To March for Others: The Black Freedom Struggle and the United Farm Workers

3067: 2779:

Toxic Nation: The Fight to Save Our Communities from Chemical Contamination

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Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections,

4488:

as well as numerous administrative records and personal papers. Visit the

3059: 2991:"Grapes of Wrath: The Forgotten Filipinos Who Led a Farmworker Revolution" 5363: 5262: 4918: 4426:

Pawel, Miriam. "Farmworkers Reap Little as Union Strays From Its Roots."

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The union publicly adopted the principles of non-violence championed by

2313:

In 1970, Chávez decided to move the union's headquarters from Delano to

1947:

Historic complications in organizing farm workers prior to UFW formation

5322: 5297: 4908: 4898: 4888: 4869: 3331: 2086: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1355: 827: 327: 317: 276: 4065:

Strawberry Fields: Politics, Class, and Work in California Agriculture

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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

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United Farm Workers Union entry, Encyclopedia of Texas Online Edition

3583:(1st ed.). Austin: University of Texas Press. pp. 249–276. 3581:

The human cost of food : farmworkers' lives, labor, and advocacy

3104:. Civil Rights and Labor History Consortium, University of Washington 2877:"The Fight in the Fields: Cesar Chavez and the Farmworkers' Struggle" 2202:

In mid-1973 the San Antonio office of the UFOC was taken over by the

1735: 337: 4586:: 1965 Grape Boycott Case Study – University of California, Berkeley 3868:"Seattle council calls on Darigold to protect state's dairy workers" 3345:

Flores., Niemann, Yolanda; Armitage, Susan; Patricia., Hart (2003).

3323: 3041: 3039: 69: 53: 4643:– A searchable and browseable collection from the UC Davis Library. 3779:"Dairy workers recover wages they say were stolen at Darigold farm" 3778: 2391:

In July 2008, farm worker Ramiro Carrillo Rodriguez, 48, died of a

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The Fight in the Fields: Cesar Chavez and the Farmworkers Movement

2839:"UFW: The Official Web Page of the United Farm Workers of America" 2401: 2195: 2027: 1928: 1925: 1873: 620: 5924: 3939: 2335:

The UFW responded with strikes, lawsuits and boycotts, including

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Mapping UFW Strikes, Boycotts, and Farm Worker Actions 1965–1975

4196:"Chavez Employs Senate Hearing To Urge National Lettuce Boycott" 3155:. 0-520-95929-9: University of California Press. pp. 49–50. 630: 6070: 5928: 5721: 5717: 4842: 4701: 4220:

Bardacke, Frank (Spring 2013). "The UFW and the Undocumented".

3726:"Five years later, ballots show fruit workers rejected the UFW" 3153:

The Self-Help Myth: How Philanthropy Fails to Alleviate Poverty

2549:

In 1973, the United Farm Workers set up a "wet line" along the

30:"UFW" redirects here. For the GNU/Linux firewall software, see 4421:

Huelga! The First One Hundred Days of the Delano Grape Strike.

4291:"United Farm Workers of America (UFW) - American labour union" 3402: 2554: 2427:

leader who co-founded the United Farm Workers. The film stars

2255: 2221: 2055: 4535:

Guide to the United Farm Workers Information Fair Collection.

4346:

Bardacke, Frank. "Cesar's Ghost: Rise and Fall of the UFW."

2750:

Farm Worker Futurism: Speculative Technologies of Resistance

2590:

On July 22, 2005, the UFW announced that it was joining the

2013:

protests against police brutality and immigration policies.

4343:. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014. 4132:, University of California at Davis – Rural Migration News. 3473:"Texas Farmworker: 1966 Strike 'Was Like Heading Into War'" 3127:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. pp. 148–178. 1991:

Before UFW was an official trade union associated with the

7526:

Agriculture and forestry trade unions in the United States

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Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954

6197:

Prehistoric agriculture in the Southwestern United States

4692:

Jon Lewis Photographs of the United Farm Workers Movement

4511:

at the Amherst College Archives & Special Collections

4100:. North American Congress on Latin America. p. 169. 3983: 2918:. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008. Print. 4364:

Ferriss, Susan; Sandoval, Ricardo; and Hembree, Diana.

3631:"The Creation of the Washington State UFW in the 1980s" 7273:

Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996

7268:

Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

4555: 4529:

University of Washington Libraries Special Collections

4519:

University of Washington Libraries Special Collections

4490:

United Farm Workers Collections at the Reuther Library

4013:. San Diego: University of California Press. pp. 1987:

Community organizing and divisions of labor in the UFW

1964:

time could legally fire employees for union activity.

6153:

Early history of food regulation in the United States

5970:

National Farm Workers Association/United Farm Workers

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National Farm Workers Association/United Farm Workers

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Image of United Farm Worker's strike in Delano, 1965.

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The Creation of the Washington State UFW in the 1980s

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Arturo "Artie" Rodríguez, former President of the UFW

160: 4686:

Jacques E. Levy Research Collection on Cesar Chavez.

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The Reagan Years: 1980s: UFW Protests Pesticides Use

3017:"United Farm Workers co-founder Richard Chavez dies" 2689:

Timeline of Latino Civil Rights in the United States

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California Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975

7218: 7186: 7140: 6368: 6248: 6104: 6035: 6001: 5978: 5962: 5867: 5808: 5780: 5755: 5641: 5495: 5397: 5341: 5195: 5096: 4998: 4932: 4881: 4758: 4735: 2931:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1975. Print. 155: 145: 132: 122: 104: 94: 79: 4455:. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008. 4406:. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995. 4143: 4062: 4006: 3605:"UFW at 50: A history of Cesar Chavez and the UFW" 2524:, co-founder and president of the UFW, fought the 1924:, the brother of César Chávez, designed the black 4662:Cal Poly Pomona University Library UFW Collection 3526:"'The Crusades of Cesar Chavez,' by Miriam Pawel" 5689:List of Mexican-American political organizations 4595:Farm Workers in Washington State History Project 4527:. 1889–2008. 41.26 cubic ft. (61 boxes). At the 3916: 3914: 27:Labor union for farmworkers in the United States 7481:History of labor relations in the United States 4641:California UFW collective bargaining agreements 4525:King County Labor Council of Washington Records 4069:. New York: Cornell University Press. pp. 3894:"Tell Starbucks to clean up their supply chain" 3704:New Regulations Help Protect Workers From Heat 4599:Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project 4146:Cesar Chavez: A Brief Biography with Documents 4097:Beyond the Border: Mexico & the U.S. Today 2630:National Farm Workers Association Headquarters 2419:is a film released in March 2014, directed by 6082: 5940: 5733: 4854: 4713: 4509:United Farm Workers Printed Matter Collection 4368:. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1998. 4222:International Labor and Working-Class History 4040:"Why Journalists Support Illegal Immigration" 3555:"Decisions of Long Ago Shape the Union Today" 3242:International Labor and Working-Class History 2114:In May 1966, California farm worker activist 1855: 8: 4605:The Rise and Fall of the United Farm Workers 3579:Thompson, Charles; Wiggins, Melinda (2002). 3379:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3208:"The Invisible Women Behind Chávez's Throne" 39: 6192:Prehistoric agriculture on the Great Plains 5707:Category:American people of Mexican descent 4382:(Yale University Press, 2016). xvi, 288 pp. 4312:"Daily Blog: AFL Discriminates Against UFW" 3801:"After 10 years, dairy, UFW settle lawsuit" 3445:Leanos, Reynaldo Jr. (September 26, 2016). 2777:Setterberg, Fred; Shavelson, Lonny (1993). 2349:California Agricultural Labor Relations Act 2139:Protestors arrived in Austin in time for a 6180:List of food plants native to the Americas 6089: 6075: 6067: 5947: 5933: 5925: 5740: 5726: 5718: 4861: 4847: 4839: 4720: 4706: 4698: 4541:Rosalinda Guillen and Joseph Moore Papers. 3964:. Pineros y Campesinos Unidos del Noroeste 3962:"Pineros y Campesinos Unidos del Noroeste" 3942:. Farm Labor Organizing Committee, AFL–CIO 3182:"The Neglected Heroines of 'César Chávez'" 2945:"Dolores Huerta Biography - Biography.com" 1862: 1848: 1768: 1643: 1500: 1328: 1158: 934: 772: 375: 301: 267: 68: 52: 38: 7253:Children's Act for Responsible Employment 4476:, Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs at 4446:The Crusades of Cesar Chavez: A Biography 3519: 3517: 3417: 3415: 3102:Mapping American Social Movements Project 2711: 2709: 2102:Learn how and when to remove this message 211:Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee 7506:1962 establishments in the United States 7201:National Agricultural Statistics Service 4517:. 1968–1976. circa 0.1 Cubic Ft. At the 4423:Delano, Calif.: Farm Worker Press, 1966. 4177:"The Arizona Minutemen and César Chávez" 4175:Navarrette, Ruben Jr. (March 30, 2005). 3548: 3546: 3392: 3390: 3348:Chicana leadership: the Frontiers reader 1972:politicians in the passing of this law. 1223:Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza 7238:Agriculture Risk Protection Act of 2000 7196:United States Department of Agriculture 6158:Indentured servitude in British America 5826:List of places named after Cesar Chavez 5659:U.S. communities with Hispanic majority 5043:Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts 3840:Sherman, Jocelyn (September 20, 2018). 3752:"Farm Workers Voted 5-1 to Leave Union" 3496: 3494: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3085: 2929:Cesar Chavez: Autobiography of La Causa 2883:. Independent Television Service (ITVS) 2705: 2423:about the life of the Mexican-American 1711: 1646: 1609: 1503: 1455: 1437:Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts 1417: 1369: 1331: 1253: 1212: 1184: 1161: 1096: 999: 965: 937: 874: 841: 813: 775: 664: 509: 426: 378: 345: 304: 275: 6010:Arch of Dignity, Equality, and Justice 5845:Arch of Dignity, Equality, and Justice 3724:Mohan, Geoffrey (September 20, 2018). 3372: 3158: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2544:Immigration and Naturalization Service 2368:contracts and had stopped organizing. 2326:International Brotherhood of Teamsters 74:Flag designed by Manuel Chavez in 1962 5674:List of Hispanic and Latino Americans 4680:University of California, Los Angeles 3750:Frank, Stephen (September 20, 2018). 3312:Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies 3146: 3144: 7: 5684:List of Mexican-American communities 5109:1985–1987 Watsonville Cannery strike 4094:Baird, Peter; McCaughan, Ed (1979). 3505:Office of Labor-Management Standards 3426:. Texas State Historical Association 3206:PONCE, MARY HELEN (March 28, 1999). 2822:Office of Labor-Management Standards 2671:Hispanic and Latino Americans portal 2084:adding citations to reliable sources 2033:Dolores Huerta (2016) speaking at a 1204:UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center 245:in 1972 and changed its name to the 46:United Farm Workers of America (UFW) 7206:United States Census of Agriculture 5486:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal. 5430:Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co. 4361:. London and New York: Verso, 2011. 3098:"UFW: Geographic History 1965-1977" 3048:Bulletin of the History of Medicine 3015:Nevarez, Griselda (July 28, 2011). 1600:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal. 1537:Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co. 7407:United Food and Commercial Workers 7311:Agricultural workers mental health 4392:. Oxford University Press, 2009. 4265:Journal of American Ethnic History 3892:Sherman, Jocelyn (March 8, 2019). 3553:Pawel, Miriam (January 10, 2006). 2828:) Report submitted March 31, 2023. 2317:, into a former sanatorium in the 1066:The Revolt of the Cockroach People 25: 7491:Organizations based in California 7476:Trade unions in the United States 7178:Pacific Northwest oyster industry 5816:César E. Chávez National Monument 4676:Charles E. Young Research Library 4005:Gutiérrez, David Gregory (1995). 3940:"Farm Labor Organizing Committee" 3397:Burnett, John (August 11, 2016). 2638:, Delano, California, NRHP-listed 195:National Farm Workers Association 7531:Trade unions established in 1962 6239: 6098:Agriculture in the United States 5278:Mexican-American women's fashion 4651:University of Maryland Libraries 4647:United Farm Workers publications 3986:. Coalition of Immokalee Workers 3984:"Coalition of Immokalee Workers" 3777:Sherman, Jocelyn (May 8, 2019). 3422:Bailey, Richard (June 1, 1995). 3351:. University of Nebraska Press. 2663: 2649: 2260: 2226: 2060: 1819: 287: 7392:Farm Labor Organizing Committee 5423:San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez 4277:10.5406/jamerethnhist.31.4.0100 3524:Brazil, Eric (April 12, 2014). 2970:Rojas, Leslie (April 2, 2011). 2716:Quinones, Sam (July 28, 2011). 2505:Farm Labor Organizing Committee 2071:needs additional citations for 1957:Industrial Workers of the World 1530:San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez 456:California agricultural strikes 7511:Mexican-American organizations 4597:, a multimedia section of the 4194:Cannon, Lou (April 27, 1979). 4150:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 4038:Irvine, Reed; Kincaid, Cliff. 2509:Coalition of Immokalee Workers 2252:Finances (US records; ×$ 1000) 2010:Community Service Organization 1892:Community Service Organization 1031:From This Wicked Patch of Dust 175:United Farm Workers of America 1: 7486:Labor relations in California 5088:Occupation of Catalina Island 5063:Farm workers' rights campaign 4130:"PBS Airs Chávez Documentary" 3656:"UFW Protests Pesticides Use" 3471:Diaz, Joy (August 12, 2016). 3289:10.1080/00335630.2020.1785635 2754:University of Minnesota Press 1087:...y no se lo tragó la tierra 626:Occupation of Catalina Island 7521:Asian-American organizations 7412:Woman's Land Army of America 6141:Eastern Agricultural Complex 6126:Ancient Hawaiian aquaculture 4496:Jerry Cohen (AC 1963) Papers 4142:Etulain, Richard W. (2002). 1969:National Labor Relations Act 1743:Indigenous Mexican Americans 1447:Self Help Graphics & Art 6187:Native American in Virginia 4729:Strategic Organizing Center 4515:United Farm Workers Records 3756:California Political Review 3681:"13th Farmworker Heatdeath" 3609:The Bakersfield Californian 3277:Quarterly Journal of Speech 3180:cl_admin (March 31, 2014). 3151:Kohl-Arenas, Erica (2016). 2551:United States-Mexico border 1913:Industrial Areas Foundation 1045:The Dirty Girls Social Club 418:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 229:farmworkers of the AWOC in 150:Strategic Organizing Center 7557: 7293:Taylor Grazing Act of 1934 7283:Packers and Stockyards Act 7148:Southwestern United States 6237: 4625:Archives and documentation 4501:November 11, 2011, at the 2746:"Farm Worker Third Cinema" 1244:This Bridge Called My Back 990:Who Would Have Thought It? 261: 29: 7496:Agriculture in California 7326:Genetically modified food 7263:Food Security Act of 1985 7111:Northern Mariana Islands 6570:genetically modified food 6348:Connecticut shade tobacco 5697: 5273:Mexican-American folklore 5053:Plan Espiritual de Aztlán 4584:United Farm Workers Union 4474:Walter P. Reuther Library 4448:. Bloomsbury Press, 2014. 4441:. Bloomsbury Press, 2009. 4234:10.1017/S0147547913000045 4061:Wells, Miriam J. (1996). 3254:10.1017/S0147547913000021 2684:Rebecca Flores Harrington 2133:Texas Council of Churches 1748:Punjabi Mexican Americans 1480:Great Wall of Los Angeles 1052:The House on Mango Street 904:Mexican-American folklore 636:Plan Espiritual de Aztlán 461:Cantaloupe strike of 1928 247:United Farm Workers Union 83:August 22, 1966 67: 51: 44: 18:United Farm Workers Union 7471:Change to Win Federation 5859:Cesar Chavez Convocation 5268:Mexican-American cuisine 3758:. Washington Free Beacon 3507:. File number 000-323. ( 3165:: CS1 maint: location ( 3123:Mariscal, Jorge (2011). 2824:. File number 000-323. ( 2592:Change to Win Federation 2305: 2299: 2293: 2287: 1999:society inspired by the 1826:United States portal 1237:The Church in the Barrio 1097:Poetry and Short Stories 833:Mexican-American cuisine 674:1985–1987 cannery strike 239:initiated a grape strike 177:, or more commonly just 5458:Flores-Figueroa v. U.S. 5354:Coyolxauhqui imperative 4316:workinglife.typepad.com 4181:San Diego Union Tribune 4042:. Accuracy in the Media 3530:San Francisco Chronicle 2657:Organized labour portal 2431:as Chávez. Co-producer 2218:Membership (US records) 2181:United States Air Force 1981:undercut domestic wages 1565:Flores-Figueroa v. U.S. 1409:Royal Chicano Air Force 1268:Coyolxauhqui imperative 1080:Under the Feet of Jesus 7288:Pure Food and Drug Act 5437:U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce 5203:Anti-Mexican sentiment 5165:Killing of Adam Toledo 5148:Great American Boycott 5018:Centro de Arte Público 4478:Wayne State University 3501:US Department of Labor 2818:US Department of Labor 2744:Marez, Curtis (2016). 2588:Martin Luther King Jr. 2407: 2039: 1879: 1544:U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce 1427:Centro de Arte Público 1389:East Los Streetscapers 1128:Pensamiento Serpentino 718:Great American Boycott 596:Las Adelitas de Aztlán 566:Conferencia de Mujeres 354:Anti-Mexican sentiment 32:Uncomplicated Firewall 7359:California nut crimes 6371:or territory-specific 5472:Mendez v. Westminster 5409:Botiller v. Dominguez 5389:Youth control complex 5258:Estrada Courts murals 5119:2019 El Paso shooting 5097:Post-Chicano Movement 5058:Plan de Santa Bárbara 5013:Católicos por La Raza 4637:with 400 photographs. 4607:by Michael D. Yates, 3781:. United Farm Workers 3477:All Things Considered 3424:"Starr County Strike" 3060:10.1353/bhm.2019.0071 2995:National Public Radio 2875:Tejada-Flores, Rick. 2405: 2031: 1877: 1622:Madrigal v. Quilligan 1579:Mendez v. Westminster 1516:Botiller v. Dominguez 1308:Youth control complex 684:2019 El Paso shooting 641:Plan de Santa Bárbara 536:Católicos por La Raza 466:Citrus Strike of 1936 408:San Elizario Salt War 379:Early-American Period 6369:State, commonwealth, 5831:Colegio Cesar Chavez 5465:Leal Garcia v. Texas 5160:Justice for Janitors 5078:Los Siete de la Raza 5073:Colegio César Chávez 4965:Mexican Repatriation 4933:Pre-Chicano Movement 4467:Archival collections 4402:Gutierrez, David G. 3926:depts.washington.edu 2756:. pp. 102–103. 2080:improve this article 1572:Leal Garcia v. Texas 1194:MAS Programs, Tucson 983:Living Up the Street 735:Justice for Janitors 601:Los Siete de la Raza 556:Colegio César Chávez 476:Mexican Repatriation 427:Pre-Chicano Movement 398:Mexican–American War 7466:United Farm Workers 7402:United Farm Workers 7248:Capper–Volstead Act 7228:Agricultural policy 5986:Delano Grape Strike 5875:Helen Fabela Chávez 5788:Delano Grape Strike 5288:New Mexican cuisine 5114:1992 Drywall Strike 5083:Los Seis de Boulder 5068:Land grant struggle 4985:Sleepy Lagoon trial 4432:. January 8, 2006. 3898:United Farm Workers 3846:United Farm Workers 2619:2018: Teresa Romero 2387:Recent developments 2319:Tehachapi Mountains 2307: Disbursements 1611:Federal Court cases 1505:Supreme Court cases 823:New Mexican cuisine 785:Abrazos, no balazos 706:Chicano Art Exhibit 679:1992 Drywall Strike 665:Post-Chicano Period 656:United Farm Workers 606:Los Seis de Boulder 591:Land grant struggle 581:Hijas de Cuauhtémoc 496:Sleepy Lagoon trial 271:Part of a series on 264:Delano grape strike 258:Founding of the UFW 217:) led by organizer 179:United Farm Workers 41: 40:United Farm Workers 7516:Boycott organizers 7501:San Joaquin Valley 6136:Columbian exchange 5915:(2014 documentary) 5496:By city and region 5416:Hernandez v. Texas 5379:Spiritual activism 5223:Chicano literature 5038:Chicano Moratorium 4945:Bisbee Deportation 3710:2008-12-16 at the 3451:The World from PRX 2500:span of 10 years. 2408: 2375:Washington state. 2337:secondary boycotts 2315:La Paz, California 2040: 1880: 1647:Population by City 1523:Hernandez v. Texas 1432:Galería de la Raza 1399:Mujeres Muralistas 1298:Spiritual activism 952:Chicano literature 947:Chicana literature 752:South Central Farm 576:East L.A. walkouts 551:Chicano Moratorium 441:Bisbee Deportation 393:Las Gorras Blancas 7453: 7452: 7278:Grain Futures Act 7153:Black Dirt Region 6064: 6063: 5922: 5921: 5912:Cesar's Last Fast 5800:Salad Bowl strike 5715: 5714: 5664:Mexican Americans 5612:Dallas–Fort Worth 5479:Bernal v. Fainter 5451:Medellín v. Texas 4980:Porvenir Massacre 4975:Plan de San Diego 4970:Operation Wetback 4836: 4835: 4671:Los Angeles Times 4461:978-0-520-25107-6 4429:Los Angeles Times 4398:978-0-19-516201-1 4357:Bardacke, Frank. 4352:. July 26, 1993. 3730:Los Angeles Times 3685:www.ufwaction.org 3559:Los Angeles Times 3212:Los Angeles Times 2989:Morehouse, Lisa. 2951:on August 5, 2011 2927:Levy, Jacques E. 2723:Los Angeles Times 2539:Coachella Valleys 2486:Los Angeles Times 2365:George Deukmejian 2295: Liabilities 2282: 2281: 2248: 2247: 2167:, independent of 2161:Medrano v. Allee, 2112: 2111: 2104: 1872: 1871: 1809: 1808: 1791:Mexican Americans 1756: 1755: 1696:Dallas–Fort Worth 1631: 1630: 1593:Perez v. Brownell 1586:Bernal v. Fainter 1558:Medellín v. Texas 1488: 1487: 1418:Art organizations 1316: 1315: 1144: 1143: 1121:Moment of Silence 922: 921: 760: 759: 526:Black-brown unity 491:Porvenir Massacre 486:Plan de San Diego 481:Operation Wetback 361: 360: 281:Mexican Americans 223:Filipino American 171: 170: 99:Keene, California 58:Logo designed by 16:(Redirected from 7548: 7354:Adulterated food 7336:Ogallala Aquifer 6243: 6114:African-American 6091: 6084: 6077: 6068: 5949: 5942: 5935: 5926: 5821:Cesar Chavez Day 5742: 5735: 5728: 5719: 5702:Category:Chicano 5632:Salt Lake Valley 5342:Chicana/o Theory 5313:Teatro Campesino 5303:Regional Mexican 5293:New Mexico music 5283:Mexican muralism 5170:Murder of Selena 5033:Chicano Blowouts 5028:Chicana feminism 5000:Chicano Movement 4894:Mexican American 4874:Mexican American 4863: 4856: 4849: 4840: 4749:Joseph T. Hansen 4722: 4715: 4708: 4699: 4631:Collected papers 4559: 4558: 4556:Official website 4378:Flores, Lori A. 4339:Araiza, Lauren. 4327: 4326: 4324: 4322: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4287: 4281: 4280: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4217: 4211: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4149: 4139: 4133: 4127: 4121: 4118: 4112: 4111: 4091: 4085: 4084: 4068: 4058: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4035: 4029: 4028: 4012: 4002: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3918: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3904: 3889: 3883: 3882: 3880: 3878: 3863: 3857: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3828: 3826: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3774: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3736: 3721: 3715: 3702: 3696: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3677: 3671: 3670: 3668: 3666: 3652: 3646: 3645: 3643: 3641: 3627: 3621: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3550: 3541: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3521: 3512: 3498: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3419: 3410: 3409: 3394: 3385: 3384: 3378: 3370: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3307: 3301: 3300: 3272: 3266: 3265: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3177: 3171: 3170: 3164: 3156: 3148: 3139: 3138: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3096:Anastas, Katie. 3093: 3080: 3079: 3043: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3012: 3006: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2986: 2980: 2979: 2967: 2961: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2947:. 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Archived from 2835: 2829: 2815: 2809: 2808: 2774: 2768: 2767: 2741: 2735: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2713: 2673: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2659: 2654: 2653: 2615:Arturo Rodriguez 2308: 2306: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2288: 2264: 2263: 2256: 2230: 2229: 2222: 2157:Hurricane Beulah 2107: 2100: 2096: 2093: 2087: 2064: 2056: 1864: 1857: 1850: 1824: 1823: 1822: 1769: 1644: 1501: 1404:Teatro Campesino 1329: 1230:Brown, Not White 1171:Chicana feminism 1159: 1038:Mexican WhiteBoy 1010:Bless Me, Ultima 966:Autobiographical 935: 899:Lowrider bicycle 773: 740:Murder of Selena 651:Raza Unida Party 511:Chicano Movement 446:Bloody Christmas 376: 302: 291: 268: 227:Mexican American 167: 164: 162: 115: 90: 88: 72: 56: 42: 21: 7556: 7555: 7551: 7550: 7549: 7547: 7546: 7545: 7456: 7455: 7454: 7449: 7416: 7387:Convict leasing 7382:Bracero Program 7368: 7342: 7303: 7297: 7220: 7214: 7188: 7182: 7136: 7039:Virgin Islands 6969:South Carolina 6370: 6364: 6244: 6235: 6224:Native American 6175:New World crops 6119:Black land loss 6100: 6095: 6065: 6060: 6031: 5997: 5974: 5958: 5953: 5923: 5918: 5863: 5804: 5793:The Forty Acres 5776: 5751: 5746: 5716: 5711: 5693: 5637: 5491: 5393: 5337: 5323:Tex-Mex cuisine 5191: 5181:Proposition 187 5130:Arizona SB 1070 5092: 4994: 4990:Zoot Suit Riots 4950:Bracero program 4940:1917 Bath riots 4928: 4877: 4867: 4837: 4832: 4754: 4731: 4726: 4627: 4566: 4554: 4553: 4550: 4503:Wayback Machine 4469: 4444:Pawel, Miriam. 4437:Pawel, Miriam. 4334:Further reading 4331: 4330: 4320: 4318: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4295: 4293: 4289: 4288: 4284: 4262: 4261: 4257: 4228:(83): 162–169. 4219: 4218: 4214: 4204: 4202: 4200:Washington Post 4193: 4192: 4188: 4174: 4173: 4169: 4162: 4141: 4140: 4136: 4128: 4124: 4119: 4115: 4108: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4081: 4060: 4059: 4055: 4045: 4043: 4037: 4036: 4032: 4025: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3989: 3987: 3982: 3981: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3960: 3959: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3938: 3937: 3933: 3920: 3919: 3912: 3902: 3900: 3891: 3890: 3886: 3876: 3874: 3866:Groves, David. 3865: 3864: 3860: 3850: 3848: 3839: 3838: 3834: 3824: 3822: 3814:Black, Lester. 3813: 3812: 3808: 3799: 3798: 3794: 3784: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3761: 3759: 3749: 3748: 3744: 3734: 3732: 3723: 3722: 3718: 3712:Wayback Machine 3703: 3699: 3689: 3687: 3679: 3678: 3674: 3664: 3662: 3654: 3653: 3649: 3639: 3637: 3629: 3628: 3624: 3614: 3612: 3603: 3602: 3598: 3591: 3578: 3577: 3573: 3563: 3561: 3552: 3551: 3544: 3534: 3532: 3523: 3522: 3515: 3499: 3492: 3482: 3480: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3455: 3453: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3429: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3413: 3396: 3395: 3388: 3371: 3359: 3344: 3343: 3339: 3324:10.2307/3346700 3309: 3308: 3304: 3274: 3273: 3269: 3239: 3238: 3234: 3224: 3222: 3205: 3204: 3200: 3190: 3188: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3157: 3150: 3149: 3142: 3135: 3122: 3121: 3117: 3107: 3105: 3095: 3094: 3083: 3045: 3044: 3037: 3027: 3025: 3022:Tucson Sentinel 3014: 3013: 3009: 2999: 2997: 2988: 2987: 2983: 2969: 2968: 2964: 2954: 2952: 2943: 2942: 2935: 2926: 2922: 2913: 2896: 2886: 2884: 2874: 2873: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2845:on 5 April 2017 2837: 2836: 2832: 2816: 2812: 2793: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2764: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2728: 2726: 2715: 2714: 2707: 2697: 2669: 2664: 2662: 2655: 2648: 2645: 2636:The Forty Acres 2626: 2604: 2573: 2526:Bracero Program 2517: 2458: 2389: 2361: 2311: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2303: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2291: 2286: 2285: 2283: 2278: 2265: 2261: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2231: 2227: 2220: 2212: 2177: 2165:San Juan, Texas 2153:Edinburg, Texas 2108: 2097: 2091: 2088: 2077: 2065: 2054: 2035:Hillary Clinton 1989: 1977:Bracero Program 1949: 1868: 1820: 1818: 1811: 1810: 1805: 1786:Chicano rappers 1766: 1758: 1757: 1752: 1707: 1641: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1605: 1498: 1490: 1489: 1484: 1451: 1413: 1370:Art Collectives 1365: 1326: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1249: 1208: 1180: 1176:Chicanafuturism 1156: 1154:Chicano studies 1146: 1145: 1140: 1092: 1073:So Far from God 995: 961: 932: 924: 923: 918: 870: 837: 828:Tex-Mex cuisine 809: 795:Chicano English 770: 762: 761: 756: 746:Proposition 187 695:Arizona SB 1070 660: 541:Centro Cultural 505: 501:Zoot Suit Riots 451:Bracero program 436:1917 Bath riots 422: 373: 363: 362: 299: 266: 260: 255: 159: 135: 125: 118: 111: 86: 84: 75: 63: 47: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7554: 7552: 7544: 7543: 7541:Dolores Huerta 7538: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7458: 7457: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7447: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7430: 7424: 7422: 7418: 7417: 7415: 7414: 7409: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7378: 7376: 7370: 7369: 7367: 7366: 7364:Cattle raiding 7361: 7356: 7350: 7348: 7344: 7343: 7341: 7340: 7339: 7338: 7328: 7323: 7321:Farmer suicide 7318: 7316:Climate change 7313: 7307: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7224: 7222: 7216: 7215: 7213: 7212: 7211: 7210: 7209: 7208: 7192: 7190: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7144: 7142: 7138: 7137: 7135: 7134: 7133: 7132: 7127: 7119: 7118: 7117: 7109: 7108: 7107: 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5908: 5900: 5898:McDonnell Hall 5895: 5893:Dolores Huerta 5890: 5887:Richard Chavez 5884: 5878: 5871: 5869: 5865: 5864: 5862: 5861: 5856: 5848: 5841: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5812: 5810: 5806: 5805: 5803: 5802: 5797: 5796: 5795: 5784: 5782: 5778: 5777: 5775: 5774: 5773: 5772: 5759: 5757: 5753: 5752: 5747: 5745: 5744: 5737: 5730: 5722: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5709: 5704: 5698: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5635: 5628: 5621: 5620: 5619: 5614: 5604: 5603: 5602: 5594: 5589: 5582: 5579:Nuevomexicanos 5575: 5568: 5561: 5554: 5549: 5542: 5535: 5528: 5510: 5509: 5508: 5499: 5497: 5493: 5492: 5490: 5489: 5482: 5475: 5468: 5461: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5433: 5426: 5419: 5412: 5404: 5402: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5359:Gringo justice 5356: 5351: 5345: 5343: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5233:Chicano poetry 5230: 5225: 5220: 5218:Chicano cinema 5215: 5210: 5205: 5199: 5197: 5193: 5192: 5190: 5189: 5184: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5150: 5145: 5138: 5133: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5100: 5098: 5094: 5093: 5091: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5004: 5002: 4996: 4995: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4936: 4934: 4930: 4929: 4927: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4878: 4868: 4866: 4865: 4858: 4851: 4843: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4830: 4825: 4824: 4823: 4821:Workers United 4818: 4813: 4808: 4798: 4797: 4796: 4788: 4783: 4778: 4773: 4762: 4760: 4756: 4755: 4753: 4752: 4751:(2010–present) 4746: 4739: 4737: 4733: 4732: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4717: 4710: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4689: 4683: 4664: 4659: 4653: 4644: 4638: 4626: 4623: 4622: 4621: 4613: 4610:Monthly Review 4602: 4592: 4587: 4581: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4560: 4549: 4548:External links 4546: 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1233: 1226: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1209: 1207: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1181: 1179: 1178: 1173: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1157: 1152: 1151: 1148: 1147: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1138: 1131: 1124: 1117: 1110: 1102: 1099: 1098: 1094: 1093: 1091: 1090: 1083: 1076: 1069: 1062: 1055: 1048: 1041: 1034: 1027: 1020: 1013: 1005: 1002: 1001: 997: 996: 994: 993: 986: 979: 976:Always Running 971: 968: 967: 963: 962: 960: 959: 957:Chicano poetry 954: 949: 943: 940: 939: 933: 930: 929: 926: 925: 920: 919: 917: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 880: 877: 876: 872: 871: 869: 868: 863: 858: 853: 847: 844: 843: 839: 838: 836: 835: 830: 825: 819: 816: 815: 811: 810: 808: 807: 802: 797: 792: 787: 781: 778: 777: 771: 768: 767: 764: 763: 758: 757: 755: 754: 749: 742: 737: 732: 727: 720: 715: 708: 703: 698: 691: 686: 681: 676: 670: 667: 666: 662: 661: 659: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 618: 613: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 586:Huelga schools 583: 578: 573: 568: 563: 558: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 523: 517: 514: 513: 507: 506: 504: 503: 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 443: 438: 432: 429: 428: 424: 423: 421: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 388:Josefa Segovia 384: 381: 380: 374: 369: 368: 365: 364: 359: 358: 357: 356: 348: 347: 343: 342: 341: 340: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 307: 306: 300: 297: 296: 293: 292: 284: 283: 273: 272: 259: 256: 254: 251: 207:Dolores Huerta 169: 168: 157: 153: 152: 147: 143: 142: 136: 133: 130: 129: 126: 123: 120: 119: 117: 116: 108: 106: 102: 101: 96: 92: 91: 81: 77: 76: 73: 65: 64: 60:Richard Chavez 57: 49: 48: 45: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7553: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7463: 7461: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7435: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7425: 7423: 7419: 7413: 7410: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7379: 7377: 7375: 7371: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7351: 7349: 7345: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7300: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7225: 7223: 7217: 7207: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7199: 7198: 7197: 7194: 7193: 7191: 7189:organizations 7185: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7145: 7143: 7139: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7122: 7120: 7116: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7106: 7103: 7102: 7100: 7096: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7077: 7076: 7073: 7069: 7066: 7065: 7063: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7050: 7048: 7044: 7041: 7040: 7038: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7025: 7023: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7008: 7004: 7001: 7000: 6998: 6994: 6991: 6990: 6988: 6984: 6981: 6980: 6979:South Dakota 6978: 6974: 6971: 6970: 6968: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6955: 6954:Rhode Island 6953: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6939: 6936: 6932: 6929: 6928: 6927: 6924: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6911: 6909: 6905: 6902: 6901: 6899: 6895: 6892: 6891: 6889: 6885: 6882: 6881: 6880:North Dakota 6879: 6875: 6872: 6871: 6870: 6867: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6847: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6834: 6833: 6830: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6817: 6815: 6811: 6808: 6807: 6805: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6792: 6790: 6786: 6783: 6782: 6780: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6767: 6765: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6752: 6750: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6736: 6733: 6732: 6730: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6710: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6695: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6682: 6681: 6678: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6654: 6651: 6650: 6648: 6644: 6641: 6640: 6639: 6636: 6632: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6622: 6619: 6618: 6617: 6614: 6610: 6607: 6606: 6605: 6602: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6583: 6580: 6579: 6578: 6575: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6552: 6551: 6548: 6544: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6520: 6519: 6516: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6503: 6501: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6488: 6487: 6484: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6471: 6470: 6467: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6444: 6443: 6440: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6427: 6425: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6412: 6410: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6392: 6391: 6388: 6384: 6381: 6380: 6379: 6376: 6375: 6373: 6367: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6349: 6346: 6345: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6253: 6251: 6247: 6242: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6221: 6220: 6217: 6213: 6210: 6209: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6181: 6178: 6177: 6176: 6173: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6147: 6146:Three Sisters 6144: 6143: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6131:Cattle drives 6129: 6127: 6124: 6120: 6117: 6116: 6115: 6112: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6092: 6087: 6085: 6080: 6078: 6073: 6072: 6069: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6034: 6027: 6026: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6012: 6011: 6007: 6006: 6004: 6000: 5993: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5983: 5981: 5977: 5971: 5968: 5967: 5965: 5961: 5957: 5950: 5945: 5943: 5938: 5936: 5931: 5930: 5927: 5914: 5913: 5909: 5906: 5905: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5888: 5885: 5882: 5879: 5876: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5866: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5854: 5849: 5847: 5846: 5842: 5840:(2007 statue) 5839: 5838: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5813: 5811: 5807: 5801: 5798: 5794: 5791: 5790: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5779: 5771: 5770: 5766: 5765: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5754: 5750: 5743: 5738: 5736: 5731: 5729: 5724: 5723: 5720: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5696: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5654:Chicano poets 5652: 5650: 5649:Chicano films 5647: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5633: 5629: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5608: 5605: 5601: 5598: 5597: 5596:Pennsylvania 5595: 5593: 5590: 5587: 5586:New York City 5583: 5580: 5576: 5573: 5569: 5566: 5562: 5559: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5547: 5543: 5540: 5536: 5533: 5529: 5526: 5522: 5521:San Francisco 5518: 5514: 5511: 5507: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5498: 5494: 5488: 5487: 5483: 5481: 5480: 5476: 5474: 5473: 5469: 5467: 5466: 5462: 5460: 5459: 5455: 5453: 5452: 5448: 5446: 5445: 5444:Plyler v. Doe 5441: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5432: 5431: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5420: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5411: 5410: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5399:Supreme Court 5396: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5369:New tribalism 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5349:Barrioization 5347: 5346: 5344: 5340: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5253:Cinco de Mayo 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5228:Chicano names 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5155: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5131: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5095: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5001: 4997: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4931: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4886: 4884: 4880: 4875: 4871: 4864: 4859: 4857: 4852: 4850: 4845: 4844: 4841: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4803: 4802: 4799: 4795: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4768: 4767: 4764: 4763: 4761: 4759:Member unions 4757: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4723: 4718: 4716: 4711: 4709: 4704: 4703: 4700: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4684: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4648: 4645: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4635:image gallery 4632: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4619: 4618: 4614: 4612: 4611: 4606: 4603: 4600: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4575: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4557: 4552: 4551: 4547: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4526: 4523: 4520: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4507: 4504: 4500: 4497: 4494: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4451:Shaw, Randy. 4450: 4447: 4443: 4440: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4422: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4412:0-520-20219-8 4409: 4405: 4401: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4381: 4377: 4375: 4374:0-15-600598-0 4371: 4367: 4363: 4360: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4350: 4345: 4342: 4338: 4337: 4336: 4335: 4317: 4313: 4307: 4304: 4292: 4286: 4283: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4259: 4256: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4216: 4213: 4201: 4197: 4190: 4187: 4182: 4178: 4171: 4168: 4163: 4161:9780312294274 4157: 4153: 4148: 4147: 4138: 4135: 4131: 4126: 4123: 4117: 4114: 4109: 4107:9780916024376 4103: 4099: 4098: 4090: 4087: 4082: 4080:9780801482793 4076: 4072: 4067: 4066: 4057: 4054: 4041: 4034: 4031: 4026: 4024:9780520916869 4020: 4016: 4011: 4010: 4001: 3998: 3985: 3979: 3976: 3963: 3957: 3954: 3941: 3935: 3932: 3927: 3923: 3917: 3915: 3911: 3899: 3895: 3888: 3885: 3873: 3869: 3862: 3859: 3847: 3843: 3836: 3833: 3821: 3817: 3810: 3807: 3802: 3796: 3793: 3780: 3773: 3770: 3762:September 20, 3757: 3753: 3746: 3743: 3735:September 20, 3731: 3727: 3720: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3706: 3701: 3698: 3686: 3682: 3676: 3673: 3661: 3657: 3651: 3648: 3636: 3632: 3626: 3623: 3610: 3606: 3600: 3597: 3592: 3590:9780292798915 3586: 3582: 3575: 3572: 3560: 3556: 3549: 3547: 3543: 3531: 3527: 3520: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3497: 3495: 3491: 3478: 3474: 3467: 3464: 3452: 3448: 3441: 3438: 3425: 3418: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3382: 3376: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3354: 3350: 3349: 3341: 3338: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3306: 3303: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3271: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3236: 3233: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3202: 3199: 3187: 3183: 3176: 3173: 3168: 3162: 3154: 3147: 3145: 3141: 3136: 3134:9780803262744 3130: 3126: 3119: 3116: 3103: 3099: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3082: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3042: 3040: 3036: 3024: 3023: 3018: 3011: 3008: 3000:September 19, 2996: 2992: 2985: 2982: 2977: 2973: 2966: 2963: 2950: 2946: 2940: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2924: 2921: 2917: 2914:Shaw, Randy. 2911: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2895: 2882: 2878: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2857: 2844: 2840: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2814: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2792:9780471575450 2788: 2784: 2780: 2773: 2770: 2765: 2763:9781452951652 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2740: 2737: 2725: 2724: 2719: 2712: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2701: 2694: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2679:Lucas Benitez 2677: 2676: 2672: 2661: 2658: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2627: 2623: 2618: 2616: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2605: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2577: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2558: 2556: 2552: 2547: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2527: 2523: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2501: 2497: 2495: 2494:Seattle Times 2491: 2487: 2483: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2442: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2417: 2412: 2404: 2400: 2398: 2394: 2386: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2350: 2345: 2341: 2338: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2322: 2320: 2316: 2276: 2275:MediaWiki.org 2272: 2267: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2242: 2241:MediaWiki.org 2238: 2233: 2224: 2223: 2219: 2209: 2207: 2205: 2200: 2197: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2145: 2142: 2137: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2122: 2121:Texas Rangers 2117: 2116:Eugene Nelson 2106: 2103: 2095: 2085: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2069:This section 2067: 2063: 2058: 2057: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2038: 2036: 2030: 2026: 2023: 2018: 2014: 2011: 2006: 2004: 2003: 1998: 1994: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1973: 1970: 1967:In 1936, the 1965: 1961: 1958: 1955:In 1913, the 1953: 1946: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1923: 1917: 1914: 1909: 1906: 1905:Larry Itliong 1900: 1898: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1876: 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Doe 1548: 1546: 1545: 1541: 1539: 1538: 1534: 1532: 1531: 1527: 1525: 1524: 1520: 1518: 1517: 1513: 1512: 1510: 1509: 1506: 1502: 1494: 1493: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1462: 1460: 1459: 1454: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1422: 1421: 1416: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1384:Culture Clash 1382: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1374: 1373: 1368: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1322: 1321: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1288:New tribalism 1286: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1263:Barrioization 1261: 1260: 1258: 1257: 1252: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1239: 1238: 1234: 1232: 1231: 1227: 1225: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1217: 1216: 1211: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1191: 1189: 1188: 1185:Organizations 1183: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1149: 1137: 1136: 1132: 1130: 1129: 1125: 1123: 1122: 1118: 1116: 1115: 1111: 1109: 1108: 1104: 1103: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1082: 1081: 1077: 1075: 1074: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1063: 1061: 1060: 1056: 1054: 1053: 1049: 1047: 1046: 1042: 1040: 1039: 1035: 1033: 1032: 1028: 1026: 1025: 1021: 1019: 1018: 1014: 1012: 1011: 1007: 1006: 1004: 1003: 998: 992: 991: 987: 985: 984: 980: 978: 977: 973: 972: 970: 969: 964: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 944: 942: 941: 936: 928: 927: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 881: 879: 878: 873: 867: 864: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 848: 846: 845: 840: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 820: 818: 817: 812: 806: 803: 801: 800:Chicano names 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 782: 780: 779: 774: 766: 765: 753: 750: 748: 747: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 725: 721: 719: 716: 714: 713: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 696: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 671: 669: 668: 663: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 582: 579: 577: 574: 572: 569: 567: 564: 562: 559: 557: 554: 552: 549: 547: 544: 542: 539: 537: 534: 532: 529: 527: 524: 522: 519: 518: 516: 515: 512: 508: 502: 499: 497: 494: 492: 489: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 442: 439: 437: 434: 433: 431: 430: 425: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 385: 383: 382: 377: 372: 367: 366: 355: 352: 351: 350: 349: 344: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 310: 309: 308: 303: 295: 294: 290: 286: 285: 282: 278: 274: 270: 269: 265: 257: 252: 250: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 219:Larry Itliong 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 166: 158: 154: 151: 148: 144: 140: 139:Teresa Romero 137: 131: 127: 121: 114: 113:United States 110: 109: 107: 103: 100: 97: 93: 82: 78: 71: 66: 61: 55: 50: 43: 37: 33: 19: 7536:Cesar Chavez 7401: 7331:Water supply 6926:Pennsylvania 6741:Mississippi 6266:Blackcurrant 6168:Pennsylvania 6055:Cesar Chavez 6023: 6017:Cesar Chavez 6015: 6008: 5969: 5910: 5904:Cesar Chavez 5902: 5853:Cesar Chavez 5852: 5843: 5837:Cesar Chavez 5835: 5769:El Malcriado 5767: 5762: 5749:Cesar Chavez 5679:Bibliography 5600:Philadelphia 5577:New Mexico ( 5530:California ( 5484: 5477: 5470: 5463: 5456: 5449: 5442: 5435: 5428: 5421: 5414: 5407: 5374:Rasquachismo 5328:Tortilla art 5318:Tejano music 5243:Chicano rock 5238:Chicano Park 5179: 5152: 5140: 5128: 5062: 4827: 4669: 4617:Cesar Chavez 4616: 4608: 4482:Cesar Chavez 4452: 4445: 4438: 4427: 4420: 4403: 4389: 4379: 4365: 4358: 4347: 4340: 4333: 4332: 4319:. 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