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303:
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260:
210:(a) Taking all practicable measures to prevent preparations in their respective territories for the commission of those offences within or outside their territories, including the prohibition of illegal activities of persons, groups and organizations that encourage, instigate, organize or engage in the perpetration of such offences;
78:(b) Is motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by the desire for private gain and, in fact, is promised, by or on behalf of a party to the conflict, material compensation substantially in excess of that promised or paid to combatants of similar rank and functions in the armed forces of that party;
1276:
Several of the states that ratified the agreement are however signatories of the
Montreux document which on the contrary of the afore-written convention, does not make illegal the use of mercenaries but gives a document about the use of mercenaries including "good practises", the agreement having no
190:
States
Parties shall not recruit, use, finance or train mercenaries for the purpose of opposing the legitimate exercise of the inalienable right of peoples to self-determination, as recognized by international law, and shall take, in conformity with international law, the appropriate measures to
1501:
151:
A mercenary, as defined in article 1 of the present
Convention, who participates directly in hostilities or in a concerted act of violence, as the case may be, commits an offence for the purposes of the
1355:
140:
Any person who recruits, uses, finances or trains mercenaries, as defined in article 1 of the present
Convention, commits an offence for the purposes of the Convention.
1611:
187:
States
Parties shall not recruit, use, finance or train mercenaries and shall prohibit such activities in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention.
110:(b) Is motivated to take part therein essentially by the desire for significant private gain and is prompted by the promise or payment of material compensation;
1415:
194:
They shall make the offences set forth in the present
Convention punishable by appropriate penalties which take into account the grave nature of those offences.
1521:
1440:
1706:
1586:
1581:
557:
1511:
39:
concluded the convention as its resolution 44/34. The convention entered into force on 20 October 2001 and has been ratified by 46 states.
1516:
422:
1686:
1651:
1616:
391:
380:
1441:"International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries, 4 December 1989 - Signatory States"
1289:– a non-constraining agreement between countries about Mercenary use with a side legal volley about non-military private security.
1631:
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322:
1701:
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1556:
1531:
1416:"International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries, 4 December 1989 - State Parties"
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36:
1711:
213:(b) Co-ordinating the taking of administrative and other measures as appropriate to prevent the commission of those offences.
174:(b) Is the accomplice of a person who commits or attempts to commit any of the offences set forth in the present Convention.
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205:
States
Parties shall co-operate in the prevention of the offences set forth in the present Convention, particularly by:
87:(e) Has not been sent by a State which is not a party to the conflict on official duty as a member of its armed forces.
81:(c) Is neither a national of a party to the conflict nor a resident of territory controlled by a party to the conflict;
1661:
1591:
1571:
97:(a) Is specially recruited locally or abroad for the purpose of participating in a concerted act of violence aimed at:
1676:
1636:
1601:
225:
States
Parties shall co-operate in taking the necessary measures for the implementation of the present Convention.
1681:
1641:
1621:
1566:
1292:
234:
As of August 2021, the convention had been ratified by 37 states, and signed but not ratified by 9 states.
900:
927:
395:
1391:
1339:
1392:"OHCHR | International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries"
1506:
28:
1302:
43:
155:
Nothing in this article limits the scope of application of article 4 of the present
Convention.
119:(e) Is not a member of the armed forces of the State on whose territory the act is undertaken.
101:(i) Overthrowing a Government or otherwise undermining the constitutional order of a State; or
1286:
1218:
699:
113:(c) Is neither a national nor a resident of the State against which such an act is directed;
1478:
International
Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries
1325:
International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries
50:
22:
International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries
1343:
1331:
54:
25:
1490:
1468:
1324:
75:(a) Is specially recruited locally or abroad in order to fight in an armed conflict;
191:
prevent the recruitment, use, financing or training of mercenaries for that purpose.
1335:
762:
720:
1473:
1482:
Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law
1481:
1027:
171:(a) Attempts to commit one of the offences set forth in the present Convention;
1091:
942:
805:
784:
741:
286:
237:
Below are the states that have signed, ratified or acceded to the convention.
46:
1297:
1176:
32:
1334:
A/RES/44/34 72nd plenary meeting 4 December 1989 (UN Mercenary Convention)
1239:
593:
523:
458:
358:
65:
Article 1 of the Convention has the following definition of a mercenary:
84:(d) Is not a member of the armed forces of a party to the conflict; and
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410:
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889:
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318:
307:
264:
1133:
1112:
963:
636:
31:
that prohibits the recruitment, training, use, and financing of
1502:
Treaties adopted by United Nations General Assembly resolutions
1361:. U.S. Department of Defense. December 2016. pp. 168–170
93:
A mercenary is also any person who, in any other situation:
49:
which in Article 47(1) states that a mercenary cannot be a
1320:
1318:
116:(d) Has not been sent by a State on official duty; and
104:(ii) Undermining the territorial integrity of a State;
35:. At the 72nd plenary meeting on 4 December 1989, the
223:
203:
184:
164:
148:
138:
67:
8:
1469:Text of the convention, list of signatories
1277:sanctions or legal constraints tied to it.
166:An offence is committed by any person who:
239:
1474:Procedural history and related documents
1445:International Committee of the Red Cross
1420:International Committee of the Red Cross
1314:
1612:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
558:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
7:
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1522:Treaties entered into force in 2001
423:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
61:Article 1 (Definition of mercenary)
18:United Nations Mercenary Convention
14:
1707:1989 politics in New York (state)
1336:Entry into force: 20 October 2001
1303:Unlawful combatant § Mercenaries
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323:Democratic Republic of the Congo
301:
280:
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37:United Nations General Assembly
928:Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
392:People's Republic of the Congo
71:A mercenary is any person who:
42:The convention extends on the
1:
1587:Treaties of Georgia (country)
1582:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea
1512:Private military contractors
1728:
1517:Treaties concluded in 1989
1330:February 9, 2008, at the
394:; successor state is the
321:; successor state is the
1687:Treaties of Turkmenistan
1652:Treaties of Saudi Arabia
1617:Treaties of the Maldives
1293:Private military company
1632:Treaties of New Zealand
1497:United Nations treaties
1342:9 February 2008 at the
230:Signatories and parties
129:UN Mercenary Convention
1702:Treaties of Uzbekistan
1667:Treaties of Seychelles
1627:Treaties of Mauritania
1557:Treaties of Costa Rica
1532:Treaties of Azerbaijan
901:Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
227:
217:
197:
178:
158:
142:
132:
1712:Treaties of Venezuela
396:Republic of the Congo
1672:Treaties of Suriname
1597:Treaties of Honduras
1552:Treaties of Cameroon
1537:Treaties of Barbados
1697:Treaties of Uruguay
1692:Treaties of Ukraine
1657:Treaties of Senegal
1647:Treaties of Moldova
1607:Treaties of Liberia
1577:Treaties of Ecuador
1562:Treaties of Croatia
1547:Treaties of Belgium
1542:Treaties of Belarus
1527:Treaties of Armenia
1356:"Law of War Manual"
1270:With reservations.
1164:With reservations.
1079:With reservations.
994:With reservations.
772:With reservations.
1662:Treaties of Serbia
1592:Treaties of Guinea
1572:Treaties of Cyprus
1055:September 16, 2005
1034:September 22, 2004
949:September 20, 2001
896:September 22, 2000
727:September 18, 1996
418:September 13, 1993
415:September 21, 1990
366:September 11, 1991
44:Geneva Conventions
1677:Treaties of Syria
1637:Treaties of Qatar
1602:Treaties of Italy
1287:Montreux Document
1274:
1273:
1267:November 23, 2020
1219:Equatorial Guinea
1204:December 12, 2016
1183:November 12, 2013
1140:September 2, 2007
1076:February 28, 2006
662:December 28, 1990
643:February 25, 1991
620:December 28, 1990
598:December 21, 1990
577:December 17, 1990
550:December 13, 1990
528:December 13, 1990
507:December 12, 1990
485:November 20, 1990
463:February 27, 1990
249:Ratification date
20:, officially the
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1682:Treaties of Togo
1642:Treaties of Peru
1622:Treaties of Mali
1567:Treaties of Cuba
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1448:. Retrieved
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763:Saudi Arabia
721:Turkmenistan
706:June 8, 1995
685:July 8, 1993
553:May 28, 1997
246:Signing date
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24:, is a 2001
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1507:Mercenaries
1028:New Zealand
991:May 5, 2002
152:Convention.
33:mercenaries
1491:Categories
1401:2021-02-17
1309:References
1092:Montenegro
943:Costa Rica
806:Mauritania
785:Uzbekistan
742:Azerbaijan
381:P.R. Congo
317:Signed as
287:Seychelles
47:Protocol I
1298:Mercenary
1177:Venezuela
220:Article 7
200:Article 6
181:Article 5
161:Article 4
145:Article 3
135:Article 2
1340:Archived
1328:Archived
1281:See also
1240:Honduras
594:Cameroon
524:Barbados
459:Suriname
359:Maldives
127:—
1480:in the
1476:on the
1365:10 June
1261:Armenia
1198:Ecuador
1070:Moldova
1049:Liberia
985:Belgium
869:Croatia
848:Senegal
700:Georgia
573:Romania
546:Belarus
503:Germany
481:Uruguay
438:Morocco
411:Ukraine
338:Nigeria
243:Country
1450:4 July
1425:4 July
1007:Guinea
916:Serbia
679:Cyprus
658:Angola
616:Poland
252:Notes
29:treaty
1359:(PDF)
1155:Syria
890:Libya
827:Qatar
319:Zaire
308:Zaire
265:Italy
1452:2022
1427:2022
1367:2022
1338:→
1134:Cuba
1113:Peru
964:Mali
637:Togo
16:The
53:or
1493::
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1375:^
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