Fourth International (post-reunification)

1897:, a substantial transformation had taken part in the International. In many countries, sections of the International had reorganised as tendencies of broader political parties, while the International had established friendly relationships with a number of other tendencies. The congress resolutions were debated by more than 200 participants included delegations from sections, sympathising groups and permanent observers from Argentina, Austria, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Britain, Canada – English Canada and Quebec, Denmark, Ecuador, Euskadi, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Ireland, Japan, Lebanon, Luxemburg, Martinique, Morocco, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Uruguay, and the US. 1540:

Algeria. It viewed 'de-Stalinisation' as a defensive liberalisation by the bureaucracy. The Sino-Soviet split was viewed as reflecting "the different needs of the bureaucracies headed by the two leaderships (...). The search for agreements and above all an over-all agreement with imperialism on the part of the Soviet bureaucracy contradicts the search by the Chinese leaders for more aid and for better defenses against the heavy pressure of imperialism." Pablo's tendency had drawn more optimistic conclusions about the impact of de-Stalinisation. It presented a counter-resolution, but only won minority support along with some places on the International Executive Committee: it publicly broke with the International a year later, claiming that Pablo had been ousted.

1689:(OCRFI) opened discussion with the International. In May 1973, Lambert's tendency unsuccessfully requested to take part in the discussions for the 1974 congress, but the United Secretariat did not take the letter at face value and asked for clarification. In September 1973 the OCRFI responded positively and the United Secretariat agreed a positive reply. However, in the rush of preparations for the world congress the United Secretariat's letter was not sent, leading Lambert's group to repeat its request in September 1974 through an approach to the US SWP. The following month the secretariat organised a meeting with the OCRFI. However, discussions decelerated after Lambert's 1920:... participation in the government, in the International as well as in your ranks. But once the DS had decided in favour of participation, without hiding our reservations and doubts, we respected your decision and tried to help rather than put a spoke in your wheel. So we made an effort to convince comrades in our own sections that logically speaking the question of participation in the government should be subordinated to a judgement of the government’s orientations." As time went on, the International became more openly critical of its section's role in government. Members in Brazil were then in two different organisations: a majority group, 194: 4376: 4272: 3310: 3290: 3258: 3097: 51: 4759: 3924: 2650: 3778: 2590: 2630: 1154: 2878: 2857: 4900: 4706: 4396: 4227: 3825: 3713: 3693: 3673: 3585: 3330: 2337: 1682:. In 1970, Lutte Ouvriere initiated fusion discussions with the French section, the LCR. After extensive discussions, the two organisations agreed the basis for a fused organisation, but the fusion was not completed. In 1976 discussions between the LCR and Lutte Ouvriere progressed again. The two organisations started to produce a common weekly supplement to their newspapers, common electoral work and other common campaigning. 4205: 3013: 1365:. At the same time, parties in the ISFI had retreated from Pablo's orientation to the communist parties. In 1960, the sections of the ICFI and ISFI reunited in Chile, India and Japan. In 1962, the political convergence between the majorities on both sides was strong enough for the ISFI and ICFI to establish a Parity Commission to prepare a joint World Congress. That congress aimed to reunify the Fourth International. 1178: 4012: 2919: 4073: 2572: 4159: 3876: 3627: 3220: 2982: 4577: 4486: 4355: 4096: 3541: 3514: 2898: 4637: 4508: 4442: 4116: 3988: 3563: 3490: 3468: 3397: 3238: 3118: 2839: 2691: 2670: 2543: 2523: 2384: 2118: 1379: 1273: 4846: 4683: 4557: 4530: 4182: 3755: 3166: 3054: 2821: 2741: 4660: 3947: 2078:

national situation". However, few broad left parties had appeared. However, while these were not often able to post the question of power, "the failure to seize opportunities that arise when a qualitative or quantitative advance in assembling useful class-struggle forces could be made will have a long-lasting negative effect". It was adopted 106 votes for, 6 against, 3 abstentions.

4814: 4462: 3900: 3446: 3184: 2720: 2244: 1166: 4789: 4617: 4597: 4325: 4299: 3801: 3420: 3374: 3145: 3033: 2937: 2610: 4868: 4052: 4032: 3967: 3645: 3202: 2962: 2800: 2782: 2762: 1443:, a leader of the Latin American Secretariat, found themselves in agreement with the supporters of Michel Pablo in stressing the primacy of the anti-colonial revolution: the majority in the ISFI placed a greater emphasis on developing activity in Europe. However, Posadas and Pablo developed different reactions to the split in Stalinism: Posadas tended towards 2285: 1731:'s tendency raised the question of unity in 1976, with an ambitious proposal that it and the International could eventually unify in a new organisation comprising tendencies that were, or were evolving towards, revolutionary Marxism. The secretariat felt unable to move ahead with the proposal. Pablo's tendency finally rejoined in 1995. 1648:, objected to what it regarded as the uncritical way in which the International supported anti-colonial liberation movements and regarded the International's decision to give official recognition to a second, rival, group as undemocratic. Its views had deep roots, and the RSL left the International soon after, leaving the 1584:("United Secretariat") at the end of 1963, and on later occasions. Its 1966 conference called for a Fourth International Conference. The ICFI approached the secretariat again in 1970, requesting "a mutual discussion that might open the way to the Socialist Labour League and its French sister organisation, the 3077:

Organizations who share the International's perspective of struggle but do not wish to join it formally can obtain the status of "permanent observer". This status enables organizations to participate in meetings of leading bodies—which bodies will be specified in each case—with the right to speak but

2061:

addressed the issue of campism: " it leads to lining up in the camp of a capitalist power (Russia, China) – or on the contrary in the Western camp when Moscow and Beijing are seen as the primary threat. In this way aggressive nationalism is encouraged and the borders inherited from the era of “blocs”

1701:

The period from 1969 to 1976 was the stormiest because of a faction struggle over the centrality of guerrilla warfare in Latin America and elsewhere. The 1969 congress had adopted a sympathetic approach to the tactics of guerrilla warfare; only one of the International's leaders opposed this approach

1693:

made an attack on Ernest Mandel, which it later acknowledged as an error. In 1976 new approaches by the OCRFI met with success, when it wrote with the aim "to strengthen the force of the Fourth International as a single international organisation". However, these discussions decelerated again in 1977

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in Cuba. They argued instead that Cuba's revolution did not bring power to the working class; the SLL believed that Cuba had remained a capitalist country. In their view, the International's support for the Cuban and Algerian leaderships reflected a lack of commitment to the building of revolutionary

2102:

A resolution was submitted by the “Platform for a Revolutionary International”. It argued for "a joint mobilization of the working class and the oppressed, bringing a Workers’ Government to power, to destroy the bourgeois state by relying on self-organized organs arising from the mobilization of our

2098:

proposed a patient, long-term approach to revolutionary regroupment as an alternative to rebuilding the left. It argued that regroupment needed "political and programmatic work which can only be collective and requires time and energy but it is an indispensable and unavoidable task". This resolution

2069:

concluded that: "The key issue in the coming years will not only be organizing adequately to counter the attacks sustained, but also the political capacity to build, alongside the social mobilizations, a political movement for emancipation capable of frontally challenging capitalism." It was adopted

1919:

Prior to the sixteenth world congress, a major split occurred in the FI's section in Brazil. The International was doubtful from the beginning about the participation in Lula's government of a leader of its Brazilian section, later saying that "from the beginning there were different positions about

1806:

Over 200 delegates and observers attended the twelfth congress in January 1985. The main resolutions were adopted by around three quarters of the delegates. New sections were recognised in Brazil, Uruguay, Ecuador, Senegal and Iceland, as well as a number of sympathising sections, bringing the total

1718:

The 1974 congress registered further growth, with organizations from 41 countries. According to Pierre Frank, "About 250 delegates and fraternal delegates participated, representing 48 sections and sympathising organisations from 41 countries. Compared to the previous congress the numerical strength

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and the 1953 split. Along with the remainder of the ICFI, they argued that Cuba's revolution did not prove that the Fourth International was no longer necessary in the colonial countries. However, differences inside the Revolutionary Tendency developed. In 1964, with Wohlforth laying the evidentiary

2013:

The sixteenth World Congress was the subject of a one-hour documentary by Julien Terrie. The film include interviews with participants from the NPA (France), Latit (Mauritius), the MST (Argentina), Dosta (Bosnia and Herzegovina), the PSOL (Brasil), the Labour Party (Pakistan), Kokkino (Greece) and

1539:

The Reunification Congress also adopted a resolution on "The Sino-Soviet Conflict and the situation in the USSR and the other workers' states". The resolution noted the declining authority of the Kremlin both inside the Communist parties and with anti-imperialist movements such as those in Cuba and

1470:

had not been created in Cuba, putting them at odds with the American SWP and the other organisations in the ICFI. By 1963, the split was also organizational. Each side held a congress at which it claimed to be the majority of the ICFI. On the one hand, the Austrian, Chinese and New Zealand sections

1868:

addressed the final collapse of the USSR and the resulting realignment in the Communist Parties and the international workers' movement. The congress was attended by 150 participants from 34 countries: delegates from nine further countries were unable to attend. The main political resolutions were

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presented by the Ecology Commission and endorsed by the outgoing Bureau was adopted 112 votes for, 1 against, 2 abstentions. It argues that "The struggle to defend the planet and against global warming and climate change requires the broadest possible coalition involving not just the power of the

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explained that "In 2010 our emphasis had largely shifted from stressing the possible relations with already existing left organisations of different types to rebuilding the left". In the prior period, it had learnt that revolutionary regroupments "survive when there is agreement on tasks in the

1714:

successfully worked to convince the international majority that it had previously supported guerrilla struggles with a mistaken orientation. In February 1974, votes at the Tenth World Congress divided 45:55 on the question of armed struggle, with a large minority opposing the generalised use of

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focussed the sections on solidarity for anti-imperialist struggles, such as that in Vietnam, and intervening into the youth radicalisation and the crisis in international Communism. Other major resolutions were adopted on Africa, Western Europe and the deepening Sino-Soviet split. That congress

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The Congress resolutions adopted a policy of encouraging realignment and reorganisation on the left, along with support for broad class-struggle parties such as the Party for Communist Refoundation in Italy, Gauche Unies in Belgium, the African Party for Democracy and Socialism in Senegal, the

1900:

The congress was notable for adopting major texts on ecology and on lesbian and gay liberation. The fifteenth congress adopted new statutes which gave the powers of the United Secretariat to two new Fourth International committees: an International Committee, which meets twice a year, and an

1830:

The Thirteenth World Congress, in February 1991, was one of the most ambitious, addressing a systematic change in the global balance of forces. Its resolutions spanned the 'New World Order', European integration, feminism and the crisis of the Latin American left. The resolutions discussed a

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The International grew substantially in the 1960s, alongside most other left-wing groups. The April 1969 Ninth World Congress in Italy gathered 100 delegates and observers from 30 countries including new sections in Ireland, Luxembourg and Sweden and rebuilt ones in France, Mexico, Spain and

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In May 1982 the Fourth International opened the discussion for the Twelfth World Congress. The period before the Twelfth World Congress coincided with a deep crisis in the SWP (US). The SWP's leaders started to register a number of disagreements with the International, and withdrew from the

1532:, accomplished without a revolutionary party, is also concluded that "The weakness of the enemy in the backward countries has opened the possibility of coming to power with a blunted instrument." This view was reinforced the following year, through the United Secretariat's resolution 6064: 1765:

The most contested debate at the congress was on the Nicaraguan revolution. Two views developed inside the United Secretariat, but both supported the FSLN and argued for the building of a section of the International inside the FSLN. This approach was disputed by the tendency of

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in Britain and the Socialist League in Australia both opened discussions in 1976. Both currents would eventually merge with the sections of the International in their countries; the Socialist League merging in 1977, while the majority of the Workers Socialist League became the

1851:

of a programmatic manifesto, titled "Socialism or barbarism on the eve of the 21st century" and to continue the discussion on it at the January 1992 meeting of the International Executive Committee. It also registered substantial growth through the affiliation of the

1333:

The ISFI was the leadership body of the Fourth International, established in 1938. In 1953 many prominent members of the International, and supported by the majority of the Austrian, British, Chinese, French, New Zealand and Swiss sections together with the

1668:

Switzerland. It adopted a major resolution on the deepening youth radicalisation. Over the following years its sections continued to grow principally through campaigns in opposition to the war in Vietnam, though the student and youth radicalisation.

2498:

The organisations below are cited by the Fourth International as being FI sections and journals, sympathising organisations, organisations including FI supporters or organisations with the status of Permanent Observers. for those with websites.

1614:(SLFP), completing a political turn it had attempted in 1960, until the Sixth World Congress condemned the LSSP for offering support to the SLFP. In 1964, the International also opposed the entrance of the LSSP into a coalition government, with 1869:

adopted by between 70% and 80% of delegates. The resolutions stressed the historical exhaustion of social democracy and the opportunities for political regroupment. A minority tendency was formed at the congress, supported by members of the

1618:

addressing the LSSP's June 1964 conference to explain the United Secretariat's views. The International severed relations with the LSSP; it supported a split at the LSSP conference, supported by around a quarter of its membership and led by

5637: 1939:

Since the 1993 congress, the International has continued to open itself up to the participation of other currents. In 2004, for example, its International Committee was observed by the International Socialist Movement from Scotland, the

1787:, a key element of Trotskyism. The SWP's evolution was a central discussion at the congress, by which time the SWP's leadership had withdrawn from active participation in the International, prompting the International to launch 6049: 6092: 633: 1346:. This led to disagreements between supporters of the ISFI and those parties on how to build revolutionary parties. These tensions developed into a split, leading to the suspension of those parties which had formed the 2212:

magazine was established in January 1982 to replace Intercontinental Press, which for a brief period had been the common English-language publication of the Fourth International having merged with the English-language

6069: 2224:

25th youth camp of Fourth International - . On average, around 600 activists gather for a self-managed camp organised by national delegations of anti-capitalist youth organisations. The camp has been held in several

1754:. The congress, held in November 1979, gathered 200 delegates from 48 countries. It registered further growth above all in Spain, Mexico, Colombia and in France. The congress also opened a discussion on the place of 1577:

basis for claims of "party disloyalty" against Robertson, the tendency was expelled from the party. In the opinion of Robertson's group, Wohlforth conspired with the SWP leadership to get Robertson's group expelled.

2194:. According to a book reviewing the first 30 years of the Institute. "It fulfilled a plan by Jacob Moneta, the editor-in-chief of the important big German trade union journal Metall, the Belgian Marxist economist 1998:. Delegates came "from Australia to Canada, Argentina to Russia, China to Britain, and Congo to the United States." The congress has an especially strong participation from Asia, including the new Russian section 1519:

which became a touch-stone document for the International over the following decades. It argued that "three main forces of world revolution—the colonial revolution, the political revolution in the degenerated and

4856: 3768: 2751: 1846:

But it was agreed to continue discussion on a resolution, "Socialist Revolution and Ecology", which was provisionally approved subject to approval at the fourteenth congress. The congress also approved the

1552:(SLL) in Britain did not take part in the reunification congress, and continued the ICFI banner under their own leadership, opposing key elements in the reunification documents, including the view that the 2087:

indigenous movements and the labour movement but also the social movements that have strengthened and radicalized in recent years and have played an increasing role in the climate movement in particular."

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The International today supports several activities which support the work of progressive activists and organizations around the world. Many of them trace their roots to the 1981-1983 period when the

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Marxist parties. While not rejecting eventual reunification in principle, the continuing ICFI argued that a deeper political discussion was needed to ensure that Pablo's errors were not deepened.

1639:, formed by an 'orthodox' tendency in the LSSP. Sixty delegates attended the congress, which witnessed a growth from an international radicalisation of students and youth. The main resolution on 1750:

Resolutions on the world situation, Latin America, women's liberation and Western Europe were adopted by overwhelming percentages. The world congress agreed that the sections should execute a

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in that country. The ISFI had sharply criticised the LSSP's parliamentary tactics in 1960, and the LSSP had been absent from the 1961 congress, but was represented at the 1963 congress by

2053:

Three texts were approved in February 2017 to open the discussion for the 17th world congress. The Congress itself took place in February 2018 in the same place as the two previous ones.

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In 2003, the United Secretariat was replaced by an Executive Bureau and an International Committee, although some other Trotskyists still refer to the organisation as the USFI or USec.

969: 6127: 987: 881: 1528:

in the imperialist countries—form a dialectical unity. Each force influences the others and receives in return powerful impulses or brakes on its own development." Reflecting on the

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Among ICFI and ISFI groups, only the PCI and the SLL refused to attend; the supporters of Posadas had left in 1962. The congress elected a new leadership team including

1719:

of the Fourth International had increased some tenfold." By the time the eleventh congress arrived, a new level of unity seemed to have developed in the International.

6428: 2042: 6333: 1020: 954: 1932:, which opposes participation in capitalist government. However, Socialist Democracy withdrew from active participation in the Fourth International in 2006, leaving 6303: 6147: 1007: 6208: 4835: 2730: 2358: 2263: 1727:

The years prior to the Eleventh World Congress reflected declining factional heat in the International: no international factions have been declared since then.

6363: 6358: 6253: 6368: 6313: 5919:– an online archive of the then British Section, International Marxist Group related material including copies of Red Mole, Red Weekly and Socialist Challenge. 1635:

At the Eighth World Congress, held in the Taunus Mountains in Germany during December 1965, Samarakkody was also the delegate of a new section in Ceylon, the

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Some groups on both sides did not support the movement towards reunification. In the run-up to the 1961 congress of the ISFI the supporters of the Argentine

1835:, and the weakening of the workers' movement. The congress rejected a counter-resolution on the world situation from a tendency supported by members of the 4945: 3886: 1843:: the tendency was supported by six of the 100 delegates to the congress. In the opinion of the tendency, the crisis of imperialism was set to accelerate. 1096: 808: 2888: 2305: 762: 6403: 4083: 3277: 793: 6348: 4215: 2448: 1459: 1126: 4174:

The FI has fraternal relations but Lalit has never had any status in the FI although the initial organisation counted FI members among its founders.

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which had developed similar criticisms of Trotskyism to the SWP, but had reached different conclusions by the time of its departure in 1986.

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Over the following ten years a majority of the two sides developed similar approaches to a number of major international problems: opposing

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are sanctified, whereas they are precisely what we should efface." It was adopted by 109 votes for, 5 against, 1 abstention, 0 No votes.

2038: 1819: 997: 977: 838: 6413: 6318: 6283: 6183: 6137: 933: 730: 5118: 6308: 6084: 5930: 4940: 4889: 4878: 4518: 3851:

These organisations have been thought to have had fraternal relations with the FI, but are not listed on the FI's list of sections.

3107: 2680: 2533: 2485: 2467: 2416: 2271: 2165: 1426: 1320: 1091: 823: 613: 268: 3407: 5847: 2706: 2558: 6438: 6343: 6122: 6112: 4910: 4282: 3838: 3683: 3595: 3504: 3341: 1978:. The international committee proposed a major resolution which locates the Fourth International as an ecosocialist organisation. 1941: 1864:

Generally, however, the period after 1991 was increasingly unfavourable for Marxists. The June 1995 Fourteenth World Congress in

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The June 1963 Reunification Congress, the seventh, in Rome represented a large majority of the world's Trotskyists in its ranks.

992: 982: 868: 767: 695: 1675:

fused his followers into the reunified Fourth International, bringing in hundreds of new members from throughout Latin America.

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The dual task of the Fourth International, building its sections and making steps to help a new international network develop.

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In the 1990s, a time of extreme fragmentation of the PRT this was one current which maintained an existence for some years.

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Those within the U.S. Socialist Workers Party (SWP) who broadly shared this view formed a "Revolutionary Tendency" led by

1041: 1031: 356: 238: 223: 6273: 4309: 3934: 1921: 1795: 1759: 1711: 1569: 1479:'s SLL called an "International Conference of Trotskyists" to continue the work of the ICFI under their own leadership. 1358: 1036: 843: 818: 273: 121: 3273: 3268: 2349: 2103:

class in alliance with all sectors of the oppressed." It was rejected by 6 votes for, 105 against and 3 absententions.

1960:

The International started to prepare the sixteenth congress in March 2008; the congress took place in February 2010 in

1623:, a trade union leader, and 14 members of the LSSP's central committee. Tampoe and other LSSP dissidents organised the 1081: 4496: 3384: 2772: 1986:, "There were over 200 delegates, observers and invited guests from around 40 countries" including representatives of 1881:

Workers' Party in Brazil, parties that also sent representatives to the congress. In a mainly symbolic reunification,

1581: 1342:, a central leader of the ISFI who successfully argued for the FI to adapt to the growth of the social democratic and 916: 891: 886: 747: 2553: 2441: 2128: 1521: 1389: 1283: 5523:"Four years of debates in the Fourth International, a summary - International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine" 5236: 5220: 5204: 5188: 5172: 5012: 4980: 6423: 3723: 2947: 1762:

in Britain, developing a relationship which led to WSL's successor organisation joining the International in 1987.

720: 233: 2394: 2295: 2147: 2132: 1783:

day-to-day leadership of the International. In 1982 the Political Bureau of the SWP decided against the theory of

1408: 1393: 1302: 1287: 6193: 6054: 4769: 3573: 2222:

The first International Revolutionary Youth Camp was held in July 1983, celebrating its 25th anniversary in 2008

1503: 1086: 593: 583: 539: 459: 394: 218: 6454: 6278: 6218: 5751: 5139: 4803: 4065:

The 1991 Congress decided the members of this group remained members of the FI when the JRCL was derecognised.

3551: 3320: 3155: 1909: 1739: 1201: 926: 404: 5156: 17: 1964:. The congress agenda was anticipated by the discussions at the 2009 meeting of the international committee. 6378: 6248: 6203: 5953: 5785: 5624: 5048: 4927: 2951: 2209: 2030: 1999: 1789: 1644:

recognised two sympathising groups in Britain. One, the Revolutionary Socialist League, better known as the

1611: 1592: 1549: 1463: 1233: 858: 798: 623: 573: 499: 107: 1831:

fundamental reversal of fortune for the anti-capitalist struggle, reflected by defeats in Central America,

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A further departure was registered in 1964 when the only mass organisation within the International, the

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Reform and Revolution, a caucus within DSA, is an observing member. DSA itself is not a part of the FI.

2003: 1874: 1471:

met at a congress with the SWP and voted to take part in the reunification congress. On the other hand,

848: 772: 715: 700: 661: 243: 6041: 5638:

Passons la flamme, pas les cendres. Reportage-Vidéo sur le 16e Congrès mondial de la IVe Internationale

1106: 2992: 1991: 1885:'s small tendency rejoined at the 1995 World Congress. Pablo and Mandel would both die shortly after. 6373: 6353: 5999: 5651:"Down with the Gaddafi regime! Stop the imperialist intervention now! Support the Libyan revolution!" 5606: 5403: 5364: 5295: 3524: 3478: 2639: 2199: 1848: 1784: 1600: 1240: 1071: 1026: 813: 710: 651: 263: 228: 87: 31: 3128: 1948:

from the US. In the same year, it organized an International Meeting of Radical Parties at the 4th

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countries, including Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden.

2179: 2018: 1832: 1649: 1194: 1121: 1076: 346: 298: 213: 177: 544: 6268: 4547: 3023: 1949: 1916:

name, characterizing it as a "political provocation," "false flag," and "illegal appropriation."

1758:

in Socialist Democracy, which was to continue until 1985. It also invited contributions from the

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after the Internationalist Communist Organisation leaders stated that it had members inside the

30:

This article is about the post-1963 organization. For the pre-1963 history of the movement, see

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A similar development happened on the ICFI side. By 1961 the ICFI had split politically, the

6323: 5790: 5505: 5488: 5387: 4885: 3064: 2972: 1933: 1925: 1553: 1529: 1362: 1170: 1158: 1132: 1111: 328: 288: 283: 5476: 1877:, which emphasised the building of sections of the Fourth International above regroupment. 5581: 5522: 5410: 5371: 5348: 5122: 5115: 5028: 3133: 2026: 1744: 1452: 1182: 705: 419: 414: 409: 323: 308: 293: 248: 5726: 5714: 5702: 5690: 5678: 5666: 5619: 5568: 5555: 5443: 2997: 5738: 5539: 5460: 5426: 5277: 2336: 1904:

The faction which rejected the 1963 reunification and continued under the banner of the

1818:

The SWP (US) and its co-thinkers formally left the International in 1990, following the

6018: 5768: 5582:"Report on climate change - 2009 - International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine" 5045:

Trotskyism Betrayed: The SWP accepts the political method of Pabloite revisionism, 1962

3248: 2634: 2629: 2620: 2223: 1771: 1679: 1588:, reunifying with the Fourth International". Similar approaches were rejected in 1973. 1472: 479: 469: 5727:

Let’s seize the opportunities, and build an international for revolution and communism

5013:"The Sino-Soviet Conflict and the situation in the USSR and the other workers' states" 2559: 1239:

Following a ten-year schism, in 1963 the majorities of the two public factions of the

1177: 6467: 6238: 5991: 4905: 4711: 4401: 4232: 3830: 3718: 3698: 3678: 3590: 3335: 2226: 2195: 1983: 1961: 1767: 1672: 1580:

The ICFI unsuccessfully repeated its appeal for a deep discussion with the reunified

1565: 1491: 740: 534: 504: 494: 489: 454: 5832: 5341: 4971:, Fall 1963; Livio Maitan, "Per una storia della Quarta Internazionale", Rome, 2002. 1572:

in 1962. They argued that the party should have a full discussion of the meaning of

6443: 5968: 5157:"Trotskyism in Ceylon/ Sri Lanka: Split and Decline of Ceylon/Sri Lanka Trotskyism" 4996: 4335: 4210: 3018: 1975: 1882: 1728: 1656: 1615: 1610:

By 1964 the LSSP's leadership abandoned the party's longstanding opposition to the

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Capitalist globalization, imperialisms, geopolitical chaos and their implications

5444:"On Lesbian/Gay Liberation - International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine" 5221:"The Sino-Soviet Conflict and the Crisis of the International Communist Movement" 3939:

Dissolved in 1996 into the New Socialist Group which, in turn, dissolved in 2017

2059:

Capitalist globalization, imperialisms, geopolitical chaos and their implications

6408: 5084: 4381: 4017: 3315: 3295: 3263: 2924: 2883: 2862: 2383: 2117: 2099:

was rejected by the World Congress by 1 vote for, 95 against and 16 abstentions.

1735: 1620: 1476: 1378: 1272: 735: 725: 464: 424: 318: 5703:

The capitalist destruction of the environment and the ecosocialist alternative

5237:"The Worldwide Youth Radicalization and the Tasks of the Fourth International" 4622: 4078: 2577: 2084:

The capitalist destruction of the environment and the ecosocialist alternative

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Fourth International - International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine

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Dayon Intânashonaru Nihon Shibu Saiken Jumbi Gurûpu, Dayon Intâ Saiken-ha

2601:

Anticapitalist Left /Gauche Anticapitaliste-Socialistische Arbeiderspartij

5161:

International Trotskyism 1929-1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement

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Unification was discussed between the International and the French group

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Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organisations of South Asia

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Partido Revolucionario de los y las Trabajadores-Convergencia Socialista

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No.41 Living our Internationalism: The first 30 years of the IIRE | IIRE

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Organising Committee for the Reconstruction of the Fourth International

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International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations

5916: 5897: 1971:

The capitalist crisis and its impact on the world political situation.

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International Coordination of Revolutionary Parties and Organizations

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The political fraud of International Viewpoint’s statement on Ukraine

5173:"The International Situation and the Tasks of Revolutionary Marxists" 4851: 4794: 4764: 4688: 4602: 4562: 4535: 4330: 4304: 4187: 3929: 3806: 3760: 3425: 3379: 3171: 3150: 3059: 3038: 2942: 2826: 2746: 2655: 2615: 2314:

by removing items or incorporating them into the text of the article.

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It also adopted a strategic resolution drafted by Mandel and Hansen,

1101: 757: 5904: 5729:. internationalviewpoint.org (2020-07-28). Retrieved on 2020-07-28. 5717:. internationalviewpoint.org (2020-07-28). Retrieved on 2020-07-28. 5705:. internationalviewpoint.org (2020-07-28). Retrieved on 2020-07-28. 5693:. internationalviewpoint.org (2020-07-28). Retrieved on 2020-07-28. 5681:. internationalviewpoint.org (2020-07-28). Retrieved on 2020-07-28. 5669:. internationalviewpoint.org (2020-07-28). Retrieved on 2020-07-28. 5059:"Call for the reorganization of the minority tendency in the SWP", 1799:

in 1983. The International also supported the establishment of the

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The International Situation and the Tasks of Revolutionary Marxists

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Lambert's Internationalist Communist Party (PCI) in France and the

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Mouvement pour une alternative réunionnaise à l'ordre néolibéral

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In 1965, the International Revolutionary Marxist Tendency led by

1357:

during the 1956 crises in Poland and Hungary, and supporting the

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Used to be permanent observer, many of its members helped found

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By February 2003, when the Fifteenth World Congress was held in

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International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties

5926: 5848:"The History and Practice of Socialist Action – Canada (2020)" 5815:"4th INTERNATIONAL Tendency for a Revolutionary International" 2707: 2377: 2330: 2278: 2237: 2111: 1738:'s ICFI also came towards the International at this time: the 1372: 1266: 5910: 5342:"The Dictatorship of the proletariat and socialist democracy" 4774:

Group not recognized by Fourth International. Faction in the

2198:, the Swiss economist Charles-André Udry and the philologist 2049:

Seventeenth World Congress: Internationalism against campism

1815:, which built on the discussion at the 1979 world congress. 5296:

The Fourth International: The Long March of the Trotskyists

3607:

Sympathizing organizations (including ex-official sections)

2621:

Insurgência, Subverta, and Movimento de Esquerda Socialista

2017:

In March 2011, the International announced its support for

1627:, which became the Ceylonese section of the International. 4648:

And Jëf/Parti africain pour la Démocratie et le Socialisme

1248: 4888:, as IZAR was opposed to Anticapitalistas working within 5640:. Lcr-lagauche.be (2012-03-09). Retrieved on 2013-07-26. 5479:. The World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved on 2014-03-03. 3892:

Joined in 1968, left in 1973 and was dissolved in 1980.

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Organizations with currents or members supporting the FI

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Reform & Revolution (a Trotskyist caucus within the

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was founded in June 1981, opening the following year in

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International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

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After the Lambert's current left the ICFI in 1971, its

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This was the Tunisian section but it no longer exists

1807:

to fifty countries. A major resolution was adopted on

5189:"The Progress and Problems of the African Revolution" 4136:

Previously thought to have been sympathising sections

1912:, has objected to this new leadership body using the 5833:"Fourth International Opposition Platform Announced" 6296: 6231: 6161: 6083: 6040: 6017: 6008: 5990: 5967: 5960: 5741:. International Viewpoint. Retrieved on 2015-11-10. 5602:"Fourth International declares itself ecosocialist" 2752:

Organosi Kommouniston Diethniston Ellados-Spartakos

2408:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1906:

International Committee of the Fourth International

1348:

International Committee of the Fourth International

965:

International Committee of the Fourth International

882:

Bolshevik–Leninist Party of India, Ceylon and Burma

155: 143: 120: 102: 94: 83: 65: 57: 39: 4419:Previously thought to have contained FI supporters 4062:Dayon Intâ Josei Kaihô Gurûpu, Dayon Intâ Jokai G 2188:International Institute for Research and Education 2090:Two resolutions were not adopted at the congress. 1801:International Institute for Research and Education 955:Committee for a Workers' International (refounded) 5569:"The crisis overdetermines all of world politics" 5329:SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin 5313:SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin 5265:SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin 5253:SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin 4314:Was a permanent observer until it dissolved into 2889:Rebolusyonaryong Partido ng Manggagawa – Mindanao 2582:Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist) 4519:Parti Socialiste Unifié / الحزب الإشتراكي الموحد 4386:Sozialistische Alternative / Solidarität (SOAL) 1671:In 1964 the current around Argentine Trotskyist 5205:"The Evolution of Capitalism in Western Europe" 1723:Eleventh World Congress: Declining factionalism 6209:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 2417:"Fourth International" post-reunification 1778:Twelfth World Congress: SWP rejects Trotskyism 18:United Secretariat of the Fourth International 6364:International Alliance of Socialist Democracy 6359:International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam 6334:Committee for a Workers' International (1974) 6254:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 5938: 5679:Social upheavals, fightbacks and alternatives 4997:"On the Character of the Algerian Government" 3531:Associação Política Socialista Revolucionária 2909:Associação Política Socialista Revolucionária 2067:Social upheavals, fightbacks and alternatives 1631:Eighth World Congress: Anti-imperialist focus 1202: 8: 5556:"Role and Tasks of the Fourth International" 5489:"Letter from FI leaders to the Brazilian DS" 5031:, Revisionism and the Fourth International, 3073:Organizations with permanent observer status 1826:Thirteenth World Congress: 'New World Order' 4965:"Reunification of the Fourth International" 4946:List of Trotskyist organizations by country 3980:The ICS was a section but no longer exists 2831:Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores 2272:Learn how and when to remove these messages 2146:. 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1691:Internationalist Communist Organisation 1625:Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Revolutionary) 794:Internationalist Workers' Left (Greece) 184: 5461:"Statutes of the Fourth International" 3656:Nihon Kakumeiteki Kyôsanshugisha Dômei 1956:Sixteenth World Congress: Ecosocialism 1860:Fourteenth World Congress: Regroupment 1706:Tenth World Congress: Guerrilla debate 1698:, the International's French section. 1021:Committee for a Workers' International 854:Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition 763:1968–1969 Japanese university protests 5144:Trotskyism versus Revisionism, Vol. 5 5061:Trotskyism versus Revisionism, Vol. 4 1483:Seventh World Congress: Reunification 1003:Revolutionary Communist International 7: 5786:"The You Stink challenge in Lebanon" 4981:"Dynamics of World Revolution Today" 4671:Antiglobalization activists in Syria 4473:Verein für solidarische Perspektiven 4407:International Socialist Organization 4106:Section of the Fourth International 3977:Inquilabi Communist Sangathan (ICS) 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Workers' Association 5846:Weisleder, Barry (27 March 2023). 5388:"Socialist Revolution and Ecology" 5282:International Information Bulletin 5278:"Return To The Road Of Trotskyism" 5255:, Vol. XIV, No. 3, pp. 34–5, 1977. 1517:Dynamics of World Revolution Today 934:Workers Party of the United States 731:Minneapolis general strike of 1934 25: 6309:Anarchist St. Imier International 5907:(International's online magazine) 5540:"International Committee Reports" 4941:List of Trotskyist internationals 4825:Revolutionär Sozialistischer Bund 4799:Anticapitalisme & Révolution 4365:International Socialist Movement 4022:Worker's Power (Nodongja-ae Him) 2534:Parti Socialiste des Travailleurs 2348:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s 2253:This section has multiple issues. 1092:List of Trotskyist internationals 824:Socialist Alternative (Australia) 614:History of the Russian Revolution 6439:West Indies Federal Labour Party 6329:Communist Workers' International 4898: 4866: 4844: 4812: 4787: 4757: 4704: 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Socialist Tendency 974:International Revolutionary Left 869:Workers Revolutionary Party (UK) 768:1970s Hong Kong student protests 192: 6389:International Communist Seminar 6259:International Monarchist League 6214:World Anti-Imperialist Platform 6184:International People's Assembly 6027:International Communist Current 5977:Centrist Democrat International 5819:4thinternational.blogspot.co.uk 5331:, Vol. XIV, No. 2, p. 31, 1977. 5315:, Vol. XIV, No. 2, p. 33, 1977. 4607:Nurt Lewicy Rewolucyjnej (NLR) 4567:Sosialistisk Venstreparti (SV) 4452:Muvimentu di a Manca Naziunale 3596:Democratic Socialist of America 3410:(Enhedslisten – De Rød-Grønne) 2393:needs additional citations for 2261:or discuss these issues on the 2041:which supported rebels against 1811:Dictatorship of the proletariat 1338:organized against the views of 834:Socialist Equality Party (U.S.) 304:Uneven and combined development 249:Decentralized economic planning 6455:Pan-European political parties 6169:Atheist Alliance International 6060:International Communist League 5267:, Vol. XIV, No. 3, p. 32, 1977 5241:International Socialist Review 5225:International Socialist Review 5209:International Socialist Review 5193:International Socialist Review 5177:International Socialist Review 5163:, Duke University Press, 1991. 5017:International Socialist Review 4985:International Socialist Review 4969:International Socialist Review 4780:New Democratic Party of Canada 3847:Organisations linked to the FI 1841:Revolutionary Communist League 1825: 1696:Revolutionary Communist League 1350:(ICFI) late in November 1953. 970:International Communist League 922:Socialist Workers Party (U.S.) 1: 6384:International Agrarian Bureau 6032:International Communist Party 5982:International Democracy Union 5102:Trotskyism versus Revisionism 5089:Trotskyism versus Revisionism 4694:Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi 4084:Revolutionary Socialist Party 4001:/Socialist Democracy (PD/SD) 3156:Nouveau Parti Anticapitaliste 1996:Nouveau Parti Anticapitaliste 1871:International Socialist Group 1837:International Socialist Group 1042:Revolutionary Workers Ferment 1032:Fourth International Posadist 988:International Workers' League 696:Joseph Stalin's rise to power 224:Critique of political economy 6274:Pirate Parties International 5427:"15th World Congress - 2003" 5404:"14th World Congress - 1995" 5365:"13th World Congress - 1991" 3887:Workers' Revolutionary Party 3301:Mouvement pour le socialisme 2681:Socialistisk ArbejderPolitik 1922:Socialist Democracy (Brazil) 1908:, associated today with the 1796:International Marxist Review 1712:Leninist Trotskyist Tendency 1659:split; it rejoined in 1992. 1447:, while Pablo was closer to 1359:Algerian War of Independence 1336:U.S. Socialist Workers Party 844:Socialist Workers Party (UK) 829:Socialist Alternative (U.S.) 819:Socialist Action (Hong Kong) 274:Proletarian internationalism 5913:(Brazilian Section webpage) 5073:Marxism versus Ultraleftism 4497:Socialist Party of Malaysia 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However, it opposed the 1734:Two currents with roots in 917:Socialist Appeal (UK, 1992) 892:International Marxist Group 887:Communist League of America 748:Proletarian Military Policy 71:; 61 years ago 6490: 6424:Situationist International 5586:internationalviewpoint.org 5527:internationalviewpoint.org 5448:internationalviewpoint.org 5087:, Letter of September 27, 4546:Dissolved in 2007 to form 2948:Russian Socialist Movement 2554:Sozialistische Alternative 1936:as its Brazilian section. 1702:at that time, Peng Shuzi. 1536:drafted by Joseph Hansen. 721:Bloc of Soviet Oppositions 239:Degenerated workers' state 29: 6452: 6194:Progressive International 6055:European Communist Action 2911:(APSR) (Edições Combate) 1760:Workers' Socialist League 1229:), founded in 1938, is a 1087:Leon Trotsky bibliography 584:Literature and Revolution 395:Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko 219:Bureaucratic collectivism 160: 48: 6279:World Ecological Parties 6219:World Socialist Movement 5954:Political internationals 5491:- February 2005, on the 5353:Internationhal Viewpoint 4830:Merged in 2016 with the 4804:New Anticapitalist Party 4730:"Revolutionary Marxists" 3552:Scottish Socialist Party 3527:(Bloco de Esquerda, BE) 2773:Sinistra Anticapitalista 2361:may contain suggestions. 2346:may need to be rewritten 1944:from Australia, and the 1910:World Socialist Web Site 1740:Workers Socialist League 1652:as the British section. 1522:deformed workers' states 1462:(PCI) in France and the 1369:Lead-up to reunification 1127:Socialist Equality Party 927:Young Socialist Alliance 6249:Humanists International 6204:Socialist International 5905:International Viewpoint 5773:International Viewpoint 5655:International Viewpoint 5625:International Viewpoint 5544:International Viewpoint 5512:, No.371, October 2005. 5510:International Viewpoint 5493:International Viewpoint 5465:International Viewpoint 5431:International Viewpoint 5415:International Viewpoint 5392:International Viewpoint 5376:International Viewpoint 5049:Socialist Labour League 4928:International Viewpoint 4238:Socialist Workers Party 3533:is a current within BE 2952:Socialist League Vpered 2950:(former members of the 2210:International Viewpoint 2182:broke with Trotskyism. 2082:A fourth resolution on 2043:Gaddafi loyalist forces 2021:who fought against the 2000:Socialist League Vpered 1974:Climate change and the 1813:and socialist democracy 1790:International Viewpoint 1612:Sri Lanka Freedom Party 1593:Lanka Sama Samaja Party 1550:Socialist Labour League 1464:Socialist Labour League 1245:International Committee 1082:Johnson–Forest Tendency 799:Lanka Sama Samaja Party 624:The Revolution Betrayed 574:Terrorism and Communism 234:Deformed workers' state 145:Political position 108:International Viewpoint 6244:Humanist International 5873:"NDP Socialist Caucus" 5756:www.workersliberty.org 4346:French Communist Party 4344:and others joined the 4310:Gauche anticapitaliste 3269:Gauche anticapitaliste 2929:Democracia Socialista 1854:Nava Sama Samaja Party 1526:proletarian revolution 753:New York Intellectuals 520:Yevgeni Preobrazhensky 6344:Fascist International 6304:Alliance of Democrats 6264:Liberal International 5657:, No.434, March 2011. 5155:Robert J. 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Khrushchev 1437: 1436: 1429: 1344:communist parties 1331: 1330: 1323: 1219: 1218: 907:Militant tendency 711:Lenin's Testament 567:Theoretical works 279:Social revolution 171: 170: 16:(Redirected from 6481: 6324:Communist League 6042:Marxist–Leninist 6015: 5965: 5947: 5940: 5933: 5924: 5894: 5893: 5891:Official website 5877: 5876: 5869: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5852:Socialist Action 5843: 5837: 5836: 5829: 5823: 5822: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5791:Socialist Worker 5782: 5776: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5712: 5706: 5700: 5694: 5688: 5682: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5647: 5641: 5635: 5629: 5617: 5611: 5599: 5590: 5589: 5578: 5572: 5565: 5559: 5553: 5547: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5519: 5513: 5502: 5496: 5486: 5480: 5474: 5468: 5458: 5452: 5451: 5440: 5434: 5424: 5418: 5401: 5395: 5385: 5379: 5362: 5356: 5338: 5332: 5322: 5316: 5306: 5300: 5291: 5285: 5274: 5268: 5262: 5256: 5250: 5244: 5234: 5228: 5218: 5212: 5202: 5196: 5186: 5180: 5170: 5164: 5153: 5147: 5137: 5131: 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3859: 3839:Socialist Action 3829: 3827: 3826: 3811:Socialist Youth 3805: 3803: 3802: 3782: 3780: 3779: 3759: 3757: 3756: 3738: 3717: 3715: 3714: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3684:Socialist Action 3677: 3675: 3674: 3664: 3649: 3647: 3646: 3631: 3629: 3628: 3613: 3589: 3587: 3586: 3567: 3565: 3564: 3545: 3543: 3542: 3518: 3516: 3515: 3500:Socialist Forum 3494: 3492: 3491: 3472: 3470: 3469: 3450: 3448: 3447: 3424: 3422: 3421: 3401: 3399: 3398: 3378: 3376: 3375: 3357: 3334: 3332: 3331: 3314: 3312: 3311: 3294: 3292: 3291: 3281: 3262: 3260: 3259: 3242: 3240: 3239: 3224: 3222: 3221: 3206: 3204: 3203: 3194:Lernen im Kampf 3188: 3186: 3185: 3170: 3168: 3167: 3149: 3147: 3146: 3137: 3122: 3120: 3119: 3101: 3099: 3098: 3083: 3058: 3056: 3055: 3037: 3035: 3034: 3017: 3015: 3014: 3005: 2986: 2984: 2983: 2973:Anticapitalistas 2966: 2964: 2963: 2941: 2939: 2938: 2923: 2921: 2920: 2902: 2900: 2899: 2882: 2880: 2879: 2861: 2859: 2858: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2825: 2823: 2822: 2804: 2802: 2801: 2786: 2784: 2783: 2766: 2764: 2763: 2745: 2743: 2742: 2724: 2722: 2721: 2712: 2709: 2695: 2693: 2692: 2674: 2672: 2671: 2654: 2652: 2651: 2633: 2632: 2614: 2612: 2611: 2594: 2592: 2591: 2576: 2574: 2573: 2564: 2561: 2547: 2545: 2544: 2527: 2525: 2524: 2509: 2491: 2484: 2473: 2466: 2462: 2459: 2453: 2451: 2410: 2386: 2378: 2371: 2368: 2362: 2339: 2331: 2324: 2321: 2315: 2287: 2286: 2279: 2268: 2246: 2245: 2238: 2171: 2164: 2160: 2157: 2151: 2120: 2112: 2094:A resolution on 2065:The document on 2031:Libyan Civil War 1992:Marea Socialista 1752:turn to industry 1554:July 26 Movement 1530:Cuban Revolution 1432: 1425: 1421: 1418: 1412: 1381: 1373: 1363:Cuban Revolution 1326: 1319: 1315: 1312: 1306: 1275: 1267: 1211: 1204: 1197: 1181: 1180: 1169: 1168: 1157: 1156: 1155: 1133:Socialist Worker 1112:Orthodox Marxism 1107:Marxism–Leninism 667: 657: 647: 639: 629: 619: 609: 599: 589: 579: 329:World revolution 289:State capitalism 284:Soviet democracy 196: 173: 167: 164: 84:Preceded by 79: 77: 72: 61:FI (post-reunif) 53: 37: 21: 6489: 6488: 6484: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6479: 6478: 6464: 6463: 6462: 6457: 6448: 6394:ICMPLO (Maoist) 6288: 6223: 6199:São Paulo Forum 6157: 6079: 6036: 6004: 5986: 5956: 5951: 5917:Red Mole Rising 5889: 5888: 5885: 5880: 5871: 5870: 5866: 5856: 5854: 5845: 5844: 5840: 5831: 5830: 5826: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5798: 5796: 5793:(United States) 5784: 5783: 5779: 5769:'Al Mounadil-a' 5767: 5763: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5737: 5733: 5725: 5721: 5713: 5709: 5701: 5697: 5689: 5685: 5677: 5673: 5665: 5661: 5648: 5644: 5636: 5632: 5618: 5614: 5600: 5593: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5566: 5562: 5554: 5550: 5538: 5534: 5521: 5520: 5516: 5503: 5499: 5487: 5483: 5475: 5471: 5459: 5455: 5442: 5441: 5437: 5425: 5421: 5411:Wayback Machine 5402: 5398: 5386: 5382: 5372:Wayback Machine 5363: 5359: 5349:Wayback Machine 5340:Ernest Mandel, 5339: 5335: 5323: 5319: 5307: 5303: 5292: 5288: 5275: 5271: 5263: 5259: 5251: 5247: 5235: 5231: 5219: 5215: 5203: 5199: 5187: 5183: 5171: 5167: 5154: 5150: 5138: 5134: 5123:Wayback Machine 5112: 5108: 5099: 5095: 5083: 5079: 5070: 5066: 5058: 5054: 5043: 5039: 5029:Cliff Slaughter 5027: 5023: 5011: 5007: 4995: 4991: 4979: 4975: 4962: 4958: 4954: 4923: 4899: 4897: 4867: 4865: 4845: 4843: 4813: 4811: 4802:Faction of the 4788: 4786: 4758: 4756: 4732: 4727: 4716:Labor Standard 4705: 4703: 4682: 4680: 4659: 4657: 4636: 4634: 4616: 4614: 4596: 4594: 4576: 4574: 4556: 4554: 4529: 4527: 4507: 4505: 4485: 4483: 4461: 4459: 4441: 4439: 4421: 4395: 4393: 4375: 4373: 4354: 4352: 4336:Gauche unitaire 4324: 4322: 4298: 4296: 4271: 4269: 4251: 4226: 4224: 4204: 4202: 4181: 4179: 4158: 4156: 4138: 4115: 4113: 4095: 4093: 4072: 4070: 4051: 4049: 4031: 4029: 4011: 4009: 3987: 3985: 3966: 3964: 3946: 3944: 3923: 3921: 3899: 3897: 3875: 3873: 3857: 3849: 3824: 3822: 3800: 3798: 3777: 3775: 3754: 3752: 3734: 3712: 3710: 3692: 3690: 3672: 3670: 3658: 3644: 3642: 3626: 3624: 3609: 3584: 3582: 3574:Social Movement 3562: 3560: 3540: 3538: 3513: 3511: 3489: 3487: 3467: 3465: 3445: 3443: 3419: 3417: 3396: 3394: 3373: 3371: 3353: 3329: 3327: 3309: 3307: 3289: 3287: 3271: 3257: 3255: 3237: 3235: 3230:Politik Rakyat 3219: 3217: 3201: 3199: 3183: 3181: 3165: 3163: 3144: 3142: 3131: 3117: 3115: 3096: 3094: 3075: 3053: 3051: 3032: 3030: 3012: 3010: 2995: 2981: 2979: 2961: 2959: 2936: 2934: 2918: 2916: 2897: 2895: 2877: 2875: 2856: 2854: 2838: 2836: 2820: 2818: 2799: 2797: 2781: 2779: 2761: 2759: 2740: 2738: 2719: 2717: 2704: 2690: 2688: 2669: 2667: 2649: 2647: 2627: 2609: 2607: 2589: 2587: 2571: 2569: 2556: 2542: 2540: 2522: 2520: 2505: 2492: 2481: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2463: 2457: 2454: 2411: 2409: 2399: 2387: 2372: 2366: 2363: 2353: 2340: 2325: 2319: 2316: 2309: 2288: 2284: 2247: 2243: 2236: 2172: 2161: 2155: 2152: 2137: 2121: 2110: 2051: 2027:Muammar Gaddafi 1958: 1928:current in the 1891: 1862: 1828: 1780: 1745:Socialist Group 1725: 1708: 1665: 1633: 1570:James Robertson 1546: 1485: 1453:Josip Broz Tito 1433: 1422: 1416: 1413: 1398: 1382: 1371: 1327: 1316: 1310: 1307: 1292: 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Cannon 410:Alex Callinicos 375: 367: 366: 342: 334: 333: 324:World communism 309:Union democracy 294:Substitutionism 204: 161: 139: 111: 75: 73: 70: 44: 43: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6487: 6485: 6477: 6476: 6466: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6300: 6298: 6294: 6293: 6290: 6289: 6287: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6235: 6233: 6229: 6228: 6225: 6224: 6222: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6165: 6163: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6089: 6087: 6081: 6080: 6078: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6046: 6044: 6038: 6037: 6035: 6034: 6029: 6023: 6021: 6019:Left communist 6012: 6006: 6005: 6003: 6002: 5996: 5994: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5984: 5979: 5973: 5971: 5962: 5958: 5957: 5952: 5950: 5949: 5942: 5935: 5927: 5921: 5920: 5914: 5908: 5902: 5901: 5900: 5884: 5883:External links 5881: 5879: 5878: 5864: 5838: 5824: 5806: 5795:. 20 June 2016 5777: 5761: 5743: 5731: 5719: 5707: 5695: 5683: 5671: 5659: 5642: 5630: 5612: 5591: 5573: 5560: 5548: 5532: 5514: 5497: 5481: 5469: 5453: 5435: 5419: 5396: 5380: 5357: 5333: 5317: 5301: 5293:Pierre Frank, 5286: 5269: 5257: 5245: 5229: 5227:, Spring 1966. 5213: 5211:, Spring 1966. 5197: 5195:, Spring 1966. 5181: 5179:, Spring 1966. 5165: 5148: 5132: 5106: 5100:Resolution in 5093: 5077: 5071:Harry Turner, 5064: 5052: 5037: 5035:, Summer 1963. 5021: 5019:, Spring 1966. 5005: 4989: 4973: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4931: 4922: 4919: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4908: 4894: 4893: 4884:Expelled from 4882: 4876: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4857:OKDE-Spartakos 4854: 4840: 4839: 4828: 4822: 4808: 4807: 4800: 4797: 4783: 4782: 4772: 4767: 4753: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4700: 4699: 4697: 4691: 4677: 4676: 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3789: 3786: 3772: 3771: 3769:OKDE-Spartakos 3766: 3763: 3749: 3748: 3745: 3742: 3733: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3721: 3707: 3706: 3701: 3687: 3686: 3681: 3667: 3666: 3653: 3639: 3638: 3635: 3621: 3620: 3617: 3608: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3593: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3571: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3549: 3535: 3534: 3528: 3522: 3508: 3507: 3501: 3498: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3476: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3454: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3428: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3405: 3391: 3390: 3388: 3382: 3368: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3345: 3338: 3324: 3323: 3318: 3304: 3303: 3298: 3284: 3283: 3266: 3252: 3251: 3246: 3232: 3231: 3228: 3214: 3213: 3210: 3196: 3195: 3192: 3178: 3177: 3174: 3160: 3159: 3153: 3139: 3138: 3129:Radnička borba 3126: 3112: 3111: 3105: 3091: 3090: 3087: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3062: 3048: 3047: 3041: 3027: 3026: 3021: 3007: 3006: 2990: 2976: 2975: 2970: 2956: 2955: 2945: 2931: 2930: 2927: 2913: 2912: 2906: 2892: 2891: 2886: 2872: 2871: 2865: 2851: 2850: 2849:Al Mounadil-a 2847: 2833: 2832: 2829: 2815: 2814: 2808: 2794: 2793: 2790: 2776: 2775: 2770: 2756: 2755: 2749: 2735: 2734: 2728: 2714: 2713: 2699: 2685: 2684: 2678: 2664: 2663: 2658: 2644: 2643: 2637: 2624: 2623: 2618: 2604: 2603: 2598: 2584: 2583: 2580: 2566: 2565: 2551: 2537: 2536: 2531: 2517: 2516: 2513: 2504: 2501: 2494: 2493: 2476: 2475: 2390: 2388: 2381: 2374: 2373: 2343: 2341: 2334: 2327: 2326: 2306:embedded lists 2300:indiscriminate 2291: 2289: 2282: 2277: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2241: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2230: 2220: 2206: 2174: 2173: 2124: 2122: 2115: 2109: 2106: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2080: 2079: 2075:role and tasks 2071: 2063: 2050: 2047: 1988:Lutte Ouvrière 1980: 1979: 1972: 1969: 1957: 1954: 1890: 1887: 1861: 1858: 1856:in Sri Lanka. 1827: 1824: 1779: 1776: 1772:Pierre Lambert 1724: 1721: 1707: 1704: 1680:Lutte Ouvriere 1664: 1661: 1632: 1629: 1558:workers' state 1556:had created a 1545: 1542: 1484: 1481: 1473:Pierre Lambert 1468:workers' state 1435: 1434: 1385: 1383: 1376: 1370: 1367: 1329: 1328: 1279: 1277: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1217: 1216: 1214: 1213: 1206: 1199: 1191: 1188: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1173: 1161: 1146: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1136: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1062: 1056: 1054:Related topics 1053: 1052: 1049: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1011: 1010: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 972: 967: 962: 957: 948: 946:Internationals 945: 944: 941: 940: 937: 936: 931: 930: 929: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 889: 884: 872: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 804:Lutte Ouvrière 801: 796: 787: 784: 783: 780: 779: 776: 775: 770: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 744: 743: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 692: 691: 680: 677: 676: 673: 672: 669: 668: 658: 648: 640: 630: 620: 610: 600: 590: 580: 569: 566: 565: 562: 561: 558: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 480:Pierre Lambert 477: 472: 470:C. L. R. James 467: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 400:Daniel Bensaïd 397: 392: 387: 382: 376: 373: 372: 369: 368: 365: 364: 359: 354: 349: 343: 340: 339: 336: 335: 332: 331: 326: 321: 319:Vanguard party 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 231: 226: 221: 216: 214:Anti-Stalinism 211: 205: 202: 201: 198: 197: 189: 188: 182: 181: 169: 168: 165:.international 158: 157: 153: 152: 147: 141: 140: 138: 137: 132: 126: 124: 118: 117: 104: 100: 99: 96: 92: 91: 85: 81: 80: 69:July 1963 67: 63: 62: 59: 55: 54: 46: 45: 41: 40: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6486: 6475: 6472: 6471: 6469: 6456: 6451: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 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3895: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3872: 3871: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3860: 3854: 3852: 3846: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3831:United States 3821: 3820: 3816: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3797: 3796: 3793: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3774: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3739: 3731: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3719:United States 3709: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3699:United States 3689: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3679:United States 3669: 3668: 3662: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3641: 3640: 3636: 3634: 3623: 3622: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3606: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3591:United States 3581: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3559: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3486: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3464: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3442: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3416: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3370: 3369: 3365: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3350: 3343: 3339: 3337: 3336:United States 3326: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3306: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3286: 3285: 3279: 3275: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3254: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3234: 3233: 3229: 3227: 3216: 3215: 3211: 3209: 3198: 3197: 3193: 3191: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3173: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3141: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3127: 3125: 3114: 3113: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3084: 3079: 3078:not to vote. 3072: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3050: 3049: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3029: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3009: 3008: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2978: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2958: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2933: 2932: 2928: 2926: 2915: 2914: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2894: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2853: 2852: 2848: 2846: 2835: 2834: 2830: 2828: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2796: 2795: 2791: 2789: 2778: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2758: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2737: 2736: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2716: 2715: 2710: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2687: 2686: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2666: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2646: 2645: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2625: 2622: 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2020: 2015: 2011: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1984:Alan Thornett 1982:According to 1977: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1962:West Flanders 1955: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1896: 1888: 1886: 1884: 1878: 1876: 1872: 1867: 1859: 1857: 1855: 1850: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1823: 1821: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1769: 1768:Nahuel Moreno 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1748: 1746: 1741: 1737: 1732: 1730: 1722: 1720: 1716: 1713: 1705: 1703: 1699: 1697: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1681: 1676: 1674: 1673:Nahuel Moreno 1669: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1653: 1651: 1647: 1642: 1638: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1617: 1613: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1566:Tim Wohlforth 1562: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1511: 1510: 1509:World Outlook 1505: 1504:Joseph Hansen 1501: 1497: 1493: 1492:Ernest Mandel 1488: 1482: 1480: 1478: 1474: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1456: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1431: 1428: 1420: 1417:February 2018 1410: 1406: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1391: 1386:This section 1384: 1380: 1375: 1374: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1361:and the 1959 1360: 1356: 1351: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1325: 1322: 1314: 1311:February 2018 1304: 1300: 1296: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1280:This section 1278: 1274: 1269: 1268: 1262: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1234:international 1232: 1228: 1224: 1212: 1207: 1205: 1200: 1198: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1160: 1150: 1149: 1148: 1147: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1057: 1051: 1050: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 961: 958: 956: 953: 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