436:(ASW)-capable submarines (SSKs) that would be needed to counter the hundreds of advanced Soviet submarines that were expected to be in service by 1960. Two scenarios were considered: a reasonable scenario assuming the Soviets would build to their existing force level of about 360 submarines, and a "nightmare" scenario projecting that the Soviets could build submarines as fast as the Germans had built U-boats, with a force level of 2,000 submarines. The projected US SSK force levels for these scenarios were 250 for the former and 970 for the latter. By comparison, the total US submarine force at the end of World War II, excluding obsolescent training submarines, was just over 200 boats.
448:-class SSKs were designed to be smaller than contemporary attack submarines and simpler in design and construction. It was hoped that this would allow them to be cheaply mass-produced in the large numbers it was thought would be needed to combat the growing Soviet Type XXI-derived submarine fleet. It was also thought that this would allow shipyards without submarine experience, and aircraft contractors with experience in the mass production of large complex aircraft, to build these submarines.
105:
42:
898:
860:
503:
only three years later, created a revolution in ASW. Nuclear submarines could maintain a high speed at deep depths indefinitely. The conventional SSKs would be useless against nuclear-powered boats, except possibly in shallow water. As nuclear
523:-class SSKs and fitted on the first nuclear submarines and a few additional diesel submarines. The bow sonar array eventually became a bow sonar sphere, with angled, amidships torpedo tubes to make room for it in the
929:
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902:
1454:
1353:
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showed that self-noise would greatly reduce detection range, and the sonar was relocated to the bow. Due to the large sonar dome above the torpedo tubes, in the
922:
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1315:
515:
class were thus overtaken by events after a few years' service. Their sonar, however, proved excellent, with good convergence zone detection ranges against
432:
and other advanced submarines, and was expected to rapidly put derivatives of them into production. In 1948 the US Navy prepared estimates of the number of
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31:
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were developed and deployed, they took up the ASW mission. All ten SSKs were redesignated and decommissioned or reassigned to other duties in 1957-59.
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549:. Fortunately, this was designed as shock testing rather than destructive testing, and damage was light except to electronics.
405:
was removed. A final redesignation twist was SS-T3 in 1973; for some reason the Navy wished to list her as an attack submarine.
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to "solve the problem of using submarines to attack and destroy enemy submarines." They originally had the
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system, the BQR-4, which was originally to be wrapped around the submarine's conning tower. Testing on
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484:. These lost four of their six bow torpedo tubes and two of their four main diesel engines.
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was redesignated SST-3 (SST for training submarine), and in 1964 her main
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The primary innovation created by Kayo was a low-frequency passive bow
465:-class the torpedo tubes remained in their traditional bow position.
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911:
779:
Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major
Combatants
413:
was decommissioned in 1958 and redesignated SS-552 in 1959.
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was decommissioned in 1957 and redesignated SS-551 in 1959.
358:, a research and development effort begun immediately after
385:, with hull numbers SSK-1 through SSK-3. They were renamed
746:
U.S. Submarines Since 1945: An
Illustrated Design History
1162:
Conventional-powered cruise missile submarines - SSG
1455:
List of submarine classes of the United States Navy
1321:
List of submarine classes of the United States Navy
1257:
1225:
1180:
1161:
1044:
1014:
943:
845:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995
1481:United States Barracuda-class submarines (1951)
1181:Conventional-powered attack submarines - SS or
903:United States Barracuda class submarines (1951)
739:
737:
735:
733:
781:, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, p. 284,
18:United States Barracuda class submarine (1951)
1347:
923:
886:NavSource.org postwar diesel boat photo index
8:
1450:List of submarines of the United States Navy
1316:List of submarines of the United States Navy
777:Bauer, K. Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991),
219:196 ft 1 in (59.77 m) overall
871:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
27:Class of prototype hunter-killer submarines
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1340:
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930:
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830:Firsthand account of nuclear testing by a
519:submarines; it was retained on the former
1486:Cold War submarines of the United States
865:This article incorporates text from the
843:Gardiner, Robert and Chumbley, Stephen,
556:
209:1,160 long tons (1,180 t) submerged
30:For other ships with the same name, see
720:
377:These submarines were originally named
235:14 ft 5 in (4.39 m) mean
36:
511:The SSK program and particularly the
7:
289:8.5 knots (15.7 km/h) submerged
253:, total 1,050 shp (780 kW)
530:and all subsequent US SSN classes.
1258:Auxiliary submarines - AGSS or SSA
487:The advent of nuclear power, with
227:24 ft 7 in (7.49 m)
25:
495:entering service in 1955 and the
477:s were joined by seven converted
896:
858:
286:13 knots (24 km/h) surfaced
103:
40:
938:US submarine classes after 1945
847:, Conway Maritime Press, 1995.
560:Name and hull number as built
545:in the South Pacific, part of
1:
754:United States Naval Institute
946:ballistic missile submarines
756:. pp. 75–82, 241–242.
1502:
644:Mare Island Naval Shipyard
499:responding with the first
397:in December 1955. In 1959
368:hull classification symbol
82:Mare Island Naval Shipyard
29:
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1419:
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1311:
1297:
1017:cruise missile submarines
744:Friedman, Norman (1994).
642:
174:
56:
39:
32:Barracuda-class submarine
501:November-class submarine
311:400 ft (120 m)
539:nuclear weapons testing
372:hunter-killer submarine
187:hunter-killer submarine
175:General characteristics
434:anti-submarine warfare
421:It was known that the
354:) were the product of
905:at Wikimedia Commons
820:Friedman, pp. 242-243
811:Friedman, pp. 109-112
68:Electric Boat Company
1304:Single ship of class
1229:submarines - SSR or
584:Hull number in 1959
547:Operation Hardtack I
1120:Glenard P. Lipscomb
750:Annapolis, Maryland
319:37 officers and men
72:Groton, Connecticut
578:Period of service
364:United States Navy
111:United States Navy
1476:Submarine classes
1463:
1462:
1366:-class submarines
1329:
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1047:attack submarines
988:Benjamin Franklin
956:George Washington
901:Media related to
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654:16 November 1951
648:23 February 1950
612:10 November 1951
506:attack submarines
425:had acquired the
352:-class submarines
345:-class submarines
338:
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130:Succeeded by
16:(Redirected from
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1045:Nuclear-powered
1015:Nuclear-powered
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801:List of USN SSKs
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691:11 January 1952
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329:21-inch (533 mm)
303:(17,000 km)
258:General Electric
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727:Friedman, p. 77
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657:1 October 1957
615:1 October 1973
575:Decommissioned
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493: (SSN-571)
473:In 1951-53 the
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430:Type XXI U-boat
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261:electric motors
184:Diesel-electric
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57:Class overview
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867:public domain
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688:21 June 1951
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609:2 March 1951
608:
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602:Electric Boat
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581:Name in 1955
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1227:Radar picket
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360:World War II
356:Project Kayo
355:
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193:Displacement
134:
121:
89:
85:
75:
48:
1127:Los Angeles
964:Ethan Allen
834:crew member
651:2 May 1951
497:Soviet Navy
482:-class SSKs
423:Soviet Navy
117:Preceded by
1470:Categories
715:References
566:Laid Down
541:target at
517:snorkeling
417:Background
370:SSK, for "
316:Complement
308:Test depth
240:Propulsion
206:) surfaced
202:(777
1384:Barracuda
1364:Barracuda
1192:Barracuda
972:Lafayette
677:USS
635:USS
622:Barracuda
593:USS
569:Launched
513:Barracuda
489:USS
475:Barracuda
463:Barracuda
446:Barracuda
399:Barracuda
387:Barracuda
343:Barracuda
200:long tons
159:Completed
154:1951–1959
146:1949–1951
99:Operators
76:Barracuda
47:USS
1274:Albacore
1240:Sailfish
1170:Grayback
1143:Virginia
1105:Sturgeon
1090:Tullibee
1082:Skipjack
1060:Nautilus
1004:Columbia
892:See also
563:Builder
543:Eniwetok
533:In 1958
526:Thresher
491:Nautilus
381:through
324:Armament
274:2 shafts
265:1 × 126-
167:Scrapped
62:Builders
1281:Dolphin
1135:Seawolf
1113:Narwhal
1067:Seawolf
1027:Halibut
705:SS-552
668:SS-551
469:Service
458:Grampus
362:by the
270:battery
249:8-268A
1410:Bonita
1248:Triton
1215:Barbel
1208:Darter
1151:SSN(X)
1097:Permit
1019:- SSGN
948:- SSBN
863:
851:
832:Bonita
785:
760:
701:Bonita
626:SST-3
535:Bonita
440:Design
427:German
411:Bonita
395:Bonita
393:, and
299:9,000
216:Length
108:
88:&
86:Bonita
1437:class
1428:class
1426:Tench
1268:class
1242:class
1217:class
1202:class
1194:class
1172:class
1153:class
1145:class
1137:class
1129:class
1107:class
1099:class
1084:class
1076:class
1074:Skate
1036:class
1006:class
998:class
990:class
982:class
974:class
966:class
958:class
618:21.9
587:Fate
528:class
453:sonar
403:sonar
334:(bow)
296:Range
281:Speed
232:Draft
143:Built
137:class
124:class
122:Tench
1435:Tang
1397:Bass
1288:NR-1
1231:SSRN
1200:Tang
1034:Ohio
996:Ohio
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379:K-1
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