233:
404:
341:
84:
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43:
595:
to perform specialized tasks. These libraries are generally not written in Python, and Python code in another thread can be executed while a call to one of these underlying processes takes place. The non-Python library being called to perform the CPU-intensive task is not subject to the GIL and may concurrently execute many threads on multiple processors without restriction.
1069:
Windows in the next major (X.Y.0) release of Python. However, bug fix releases (0.0.Z) for each release branch will retain support for all versions of
Windows that were supported in the initial X.Y.0 release. Editions of Windows targeting embedded and IoT systems are considered outside the scope of Python's official support policy.
696:
In July 2010, some observers speculated on whether the project was dead or dying since the 2009 Q4 milestone had not yet been released. The traffic on
Unladen's mailing list had decreased from 500 messages in January 2010 to fewer than 10 in September 2010. It has also been reported that Unladen lost
594:
In real-world applications, situations where the GIL is a significant bottleneck are quite rare. This is because Python is an inherently slow language and is generally not used for CPU-intensive or time-sensitive operations. Python is typically used at the top level and calls functions in libraries
1068:
Windows: Generally, Windows versions continue to receive full tier-1 support for as long as they are still covered by
Microsoft's extended support lifecycle policy. Once Microsoft's extended support period expires for an older version of Windows, the project will no longer support that version of
621:
Although many proposals have been made to eliminate the GIL, the general consensus has been that in most cases, the advantages of the GIL outweigh the disadvantages; in the few cases where the GIL is a bottleneck, the application should be built around the multiprocessing structure. To help allow
1124:
External ports not integrated to Python
Software Foundation's official version of CPython, with links to its main development site, often include additional modules for platform-specific functionalities, like graphics and sound API for PSP and SMS and camera API for S60. These ports include:
617:
The presence of the GIL simplifies the implementation of CPython, and makes it easier to implement multi-threaded applications that do not benefit from concurrent Python code execution. However, without a GIL, multiprocessing apps must make sure all common code is thread safe.
1196:
These Python versions are distributed with currently-supported enterprise Linux distributions. The support status of Python in the table refers to support from the Python core team, and not from the distribution maintainer.
669:, and the project owners, Thomas Wouters, Jeffrey Yasskin, and Collin Winter, are full-time Google employees; however, most project contributors were not Google employees. Unladen Swallow was hosted on
700:
The 2009 Q4 development branch was created on 26 January 2010, but no advertising was made on the website. Further, regarding the long-term plans, and as the project missed the Python 2.7 release, a
622:
more parallelism, an improvement was released in
October 2023 to allow a separate GIL per subinterpreter in a single Python process and have been described as "threads with opt-in sharing".
591:
However, the GIL does mean that CPython is not suitable for processes that implement CPU-intensive algorithms in Python code that could potentially be distributed across multiple cores.
708:. As of July 2010, this work was ongoing. This merging would have taken some time, since Unladen Swallow was originally based on Python 2.6 with which Python 3 broke compatibility (see
2829:
3089:
2987:
693:
Although it fell short of all published goals, Unladen
Swallow did produce some code that got added to the main Python implementation, such as improvements to the cPickle module.
625:
After several debates, a project was launched in 2023 to propose making the GIL optional from version 3.13 of Python, which is scheduled for release in
October 2024.
697:
Google's funding. In
November 2010, one of the main developers announced that "Jeffrey and I have been pulled on to other projects of higher importance to Google."
647:
was an optimization branch of CPython, intended to be fully compatible and significantly faster. It aimed to achieve its goals by supplementing CPython's custom
262:
3084:
2822:
755:) with WASI runtime support, and Linux for 64-bit Intel using a clang toolchain. Official supported tier-3 systems include 64-bit ARM Windows, 64-bit iOS,
610:
module mitigates this somewhat; it means that applications that really can benefit from concurrent Python-code execution can be implemented with limited
584:
This can happen when multiple threads are servicing separate clients. One thread may be waiting for a client to reply, and another may be waiting for a
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704:(PEP) was accepted, which proposed a merge of Unladen Swallow into a special py3k-jit branch of Python's official
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The project had stated a goal of a speed improvement by a factor of five over CPython; this goal was not met.
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890:
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Concurrency of Python code can only be achieved with separate CPython interpreter processes managed by a
181:
1991:
1210:
828:
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1568:
1158:
611:
163:
566:
476:
243:
2603:
1891:
403:
2691:"Release Notes | SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop/SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 GA"
759:(Linux for armv7 with hard float), Linux for 64-bit PowerPC in little-endian mode, and Linux for
603:
578:
453:
247:
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and Python, CPython is the default and most widely used implementation of the Python language.
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936:
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670:
634:
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1969:
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2387:"Ubuntu 16.04 - End of Life in 2021 - SCS Computing Facilities - Carnegie Mellon University"
1948:
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for 32- and 64-bit Intel. Official tier-2 support exists for Linux for 64-bit ARM, wasm32 (
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2031:
2009:
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648:
340:
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2275:"With Python 2 EOL'ed, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Moves Along With Its Python 2 Removal - Phoronix"
1607:
2669:
2648:
2554:
2364:
1828:"Issue 9410: Add Unladen Swallow's optimizations to Python 3's pickle. - Python tracker"
1786:
83:
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951:
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1231:
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2133:
2075:
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930:
925:
865:
569:, which means that within a single process, only one thread may be processing Python
188:
2530:
2506:
2434:
1871:
1695:"PEP 703 – Making the Global Interpreter Lock Optional in CPython | peps.python.org"
1096:
946:
752:
677:
105:
62:
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1003:. These platforms can still be supported by external ports. These ports include:
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17:
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1580:
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905:
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676:
Like many things regarding the Python language, the name
Unladen Swallow is a
360:
348:
2189:
1807:
1718:
588:
query to execute, while the third thread is actually processing Python code.
2966:
2911:
2482:
2413:
1628:
1177:
1081:(no official support in any major releases of Python since January 14, 2020)
1078:
1075:(no official support in any major releases of Python since January 10, 2023)
1072:
986:
875:
859:
2201:
680:
reference, specifically to the joke about the airspeed velocity of unladen
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with several languages, including C, in which one must explicitly write
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1008:
981:
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666:
31:
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1827:
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1694:
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432:
2531:"Debian -- News -- Debian 8 Long Term Support reaching end-of-life"
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2155:
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Python core developers and the Python community, supported by the
999:
PEP 11 lists platforms which are not supported in CPython by the
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2144:
1576:
1572:
1056:
1032:
1026:
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992:
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for more details). However, the PEP was subsequently withdrawn.
656:
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1767:
Winter, Collin; Yasskin, Jeffrey; Kleckner, Reid (2010-03-17).
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at any one time. This does not mean that there is no point in
226:
124:
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36:
715:
In early 2011, it became clear that the project was stopped.
2167:
http://yellowblue.free.fr/yiki/doku.php/en:dev:python:start
1719:"PEP 719 – Python 3.13 Release Schedule | peps.python.org"
1534:
561:
A particular feature of CPython is that it makes use of a
502:
2807:
2775:
CPython
Internals: Your Guide to the Python 3 Interpreter
1522:
1517:
265:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
2385:
Science, Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer.
2226:"Support Life Cycles for Enterprise Linux Distributions"
766:
More platforms have working implementations, including:
2712:
2710:
1591:. There are also several experimental implementations.
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101:
2097:"PEP 11 -- Removing support for little used platforms"
581:
are mostly waiting on external processes to complete.
2056:. unladen-swallow, A faster implementation of Python
2034:. unladen-swallow, A faster implementation of Python
2012:. unladen-swallow, A faster implementation of Python
3019:
2998:
2947:
2847:
1675:"PEP 684 – A Per-Interpreter GIL | peps.python.org"
862:(support for outdated Python 3.6 and 2.7 available)
577:; the most common multithreading scenario is where
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485:
475:
465:
452:
438:
426:
394:
372:
359:
347:
2576:"Debian -- Details of package python3 in stretch"
2435:"Debian -- News -- Debian 11 "bullseye" released"
1996:QINSB is not a Software Blog (qinsb.blogspot.com)
1769:"PEP 3146 - Merging Unladen Swallow into CPython"
2507:"Debian -- News -- Debian 10 "buster" released"
2483:"Debian -- Details of package python in buster"
1555:CPython is one of several "production-quality"
1744:"Ars Technica report on Unladen Swallow goals"
3090:Python (programming language) implementations
2823:
2429:
2427:
2359:
2357:
2335:
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1527:
8:
333:
246:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
2649:"DistroWatch.com: Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
2408:
2406:
1629:"Initialization, Finalization, and Threads"
1186:: Ports of Python 3.x are maintained by VSI
261:and maintains a consistent citation style.
71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2830:
2816:
2808:
2299:"Binary package "python3" in ubuntu focal"
1199:
739:Officially supported tier-1 platforms are
402:
339:
332:
1949:"Developers focus on merge into py3k-jit"
1762:
1760:
730:2009 Q3: reduce memory use, improve speed
602:. This complicates communication between
321:Learn how and when to remove this message
303:Learn how and when to remove this message
215:Learn how and when to remove this message
1539:
1035:5 and later (unsupported since 3.2, 3.7)
743:for 64-bit Intel using a GCC toolchain,
1599:
1505:
481:Python Programming Language Interpreter
1872:"Unladen Swallow | Google Groups"
151:Please improve this article by adding
2625:"Red Hat Enterprise Linux Life Cycle"
1892:"reddit post by an Unladen committer"
7:
1914:"Current status of Unladen-Swallow"
1783:"People working on Unladen Swallow"
253:Please consider converting them to
3085:Free software programmed in Python
2365:"python3-defaults package: Ubuntu"
1912:Winter, Collin (8 November 2010).
1608:"Release v3.12.6 · python/cpython"
1498:Old version, no longer maintained:
1482:Old version, no longer maintained:
1468:Old version, no longer maintained:
1462:Old version, no longer maintained:
1443:Old version, no longer maintained:
1429:Old version, no longer maintained:
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1404:Old version, no longer maintained:
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1347:Old version, yet still maintained:
1341:Old version, no longer maintained:
1327:Old version, yet still maintained:
1308:Old version, yet still maintained:
1289:Old version, no longer maintained:
1283:Old version, no longer maintained:
1269:Old version, no longer maintained:
1263:Old version, no longer maintained:
1249:Old version, yet still maintained:
565:(GIL) on each CPython interpreter
533:CPython can be defined as both an
492:Python Software Foundation License
25:
2341:"python-defaults package: Ubuntu"
1928:"2009 Q4 release branch creation"
1256:Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)
553:in a language other than Python.
545:before interpreting it. It has a
459:
433:https://github.com/python/cpython
52:This article has multiple issues.
2938:
1990:Kleckner, Reid (26 March 2011).
1491:SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11
1475:SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12
1276:Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus)
541:as it compiles Python code into
231:
129:
82:
41:
3075:Free compilers and interpreters
2317:"Ubuntu 18.04 extended to 2028"
1992:"Unladen Swallow Retrospective"
719:Unladen Swallow release history
687:Monty Python and the Holy Grail
60:or discuss these issues on the
27:Python reference implementation
3095:Software using the PSF license
1808:"Unladen Swallow project page"
1589:Common Language Infrastructure
747:for 64-bit Intel and ARM, and
257:to ensure the article remains
1:
3080:Free software programmed in C
2720:. DistroWatch.com. 2017-10-14
2672:. DistroWatch.com. 2017-09-14
2651:. DistroWatch.com. 2017-09-07
2557:. DistroWatch.com. 2017-10-15
2414:"Debian 12 bookworm released"
2319:. ServerWatch.com. 2018-11-15
1852:"Message on comp.lang.python"
1649:Jake Edge (August 15, 2023).
1631:. Python v3.8.3 documentation
1523:Old version, still maintained
665:The project was sponsored by
600:multitasking operating system
153:secondary or tertiary sources
3100:Stack-based virtual machines
2602:. 2018-11-14. Archived from
1453:SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
1223:22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)
2718:"DistroWatch.com: openSUSE"
2367:. Canonical Ltd. 2018-06-08
2343:. Canonical Ltd. 2018-06-08
1579:and translated into C; and
1518:Old version, not maintained
1397:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
702:Python Enhancement Proposal
604:concurrent Python processes
524:Python programming language
95:to comply with Knowledge's
3116:
3048:Python Software Foundation
1970:"Unladen Swallow baseline"
1161:: Stackless Python for PSP
1001:Python Software Foundation
632:
547:foreign function interface
367:Python Software Foundation
29:
3037:
2936:
2670:"DistroWatch.com: CentOS"
2555:"DistroWatch.com: Debian"
1742:Paul, Ryan (2009-03-26).
1506:
1214:
1029:4 (unsupported since 2.3)
896:Nokia 770 Internet Tablet
422:
390:
338:
2179:Stackless Python for PSP
2054:"Unladen Swallow 2009Q3"
2032:"Unladen Swallow 2009Q2"
2010:"Unladen Swallow 2009Q1"
1894:. Reddit.com. 2010-06-24
1375:Red Hat Enterprise Linux
1240:20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)
1180:: Python Windows CE port
520:reference implementation
108:may contain suggestions.
93:may need to be rewritten
30:Not to be confused with
2629:Red Hat Customer Portal
2121:"Irix still supported?"
2076:"PythonImplementations"
1651:"A per-interpreter GIL"
1117:(unsupported since 2.6)
1111:(unsupported since 2.6)
1105:(unsupported since 2.0)
1099:(unsupported since 3.3)
1093:(unsupported since 3.5)
1087:(unsupported since 3.9)
1065:(unsupported since 3.0)
1059:(unsupported since 3.3)
1053:(unsupported since 3.3)
1047:(unsupported since 2.3)
1041:(unsupported since 2.4)
1023:(unsupported since 2.0)
1017:(unsupported since 2.6)
1011:(unsupported since 2.6)
563:global interpreter lock
2773:Shaw, Anthony (2021).
2600:Red Hat Developer Blog
2251:"Ubuntu release cycle"
2190:Python Windows CE port
1557:Python implementations
1535:Latest preview version
378:; 30 years ago
140:relies excessively on
1206:Distribution version
653:just-in-time compiler
409:; 23 days ago
2743:Python in a Nutshell
2391:computing.cs.cmu.edu
1569:Java virtual machine
1159:PlayStation Portable
846:Special and embedded
376:26 January 1994
2487:packages.debian.org
2459:"LTS - Debian Wiki"
2123:. 14 February 2009.
1202:
891:Symbian OS Series60
460:§ Distribution
335:
2596:"Python in RHEL 8"
1200:
458:42 platforms; see
407:/ 6 September 2024
349:Original author(s)
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3061:
3053:Python Conference
2756:978-0-596-10046-9
1746:. Arstechnica.com
1548:
1547:
1544:
1201:Enterprise Linux
749:Microsoft Windows
635:History of Python
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263:Several templates
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97:quality standards
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16:(Redirected from
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3029:Guido van Rossum
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2917:Stackless Python
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2749:. pp. 5–7.
2745:(2nd ed.).
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1192:Enterprise Linux
1155:: Python 2 and 3
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2922:Unladen Swallow
2849:Implementations
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2795:
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2777:. Real Python.
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2767:Further reading
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1139:: iSeriesPython
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645:Unladen Swallow
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2793:External links
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2739:Martelli, Alex
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2606:on 2019-05-10
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1133:: AmigaPython
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205:November 2010
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160:Find sources:
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138:This article
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91:This article
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2742:
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2722:. Retrieved
2698:. Retrieved
2694:
2685:
2674:. Retrieved
2664:
2653:. Retrieved
2643:
2632:. Retrieved
2628:
2619:
2608:. Retrieved
2604:the original
2599:
2590:
2579:. Retrieved
2570:
2559:. Retrieved
2549:
2538:. Retrieved
2534:
2525:
2514:. Retrieved
2510:
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2442:. Retrieved
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2394:. Retrieved
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2321:. Retrieved
2311:
2302:
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2282:. Retrieved
2279:phoronix.com
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2234:. Retrieved
2230:the original
2220:
2209:. Retrieved
2205:
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2140:
2129:
2115:
2104:. Retrieved
2100:
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2079:. Retrieved
2070:
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2048:
2036:. Retrieved
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
2004:
1995:
1985:
1974:. Retrieved
1972:. Python.org
1964:
1953:. Retrieved
1951:. 2010-07-13
1943:
1932:. Retrieved
1930:. 2010-01-26
1922:
1907:
1896:. Retrieved
1886:
1875:. Retrieved
1866:
1855:. Retrieved
1846:
1835:. Retrieved
1831:
1822:
1811:. Retrieved
1802:
1791:. Retrieved
1787:the original
1777:
1748:. Retrieved
1737:
1726:. Retrieved
1722:
1713:
1702:. Retrieved
1698:
1689:
1678:. Retrieved
1669:
1658:. Retrieved
1654:
1644:
1633:. Retrieved
1623:
1613:10 September
1611:. Retrieved
1602:
1554:
1551:Alternatives
1528:
1511:
1195:
1123:
1097:Windows 2000
998:
947:Sharp Zaurus
765:
753:Web Assembly
738:
735:Distribution
714:
699:
695:
692:
685:
678:Monty Python
675:
664:
661:
655:built using
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466:Available in
401:3.12.6
361:Developer(s)
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299:
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279:Citation bot
241:
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192:
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159:
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114:January 2020
111:
102:You can help
92:
68:
61:
55:
54:Please help
51:
2877:MicroPython
2134:AmigaPython
1559:including:
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1458:2031-07-31
1439:2024-06-30
1419:2029-05-31
1400:2024-11-30
1357:2022-06-30
1279:2021-04-30
1211:end-of-life
1115:Windows NT4
1103:Windows 3.x
881:Nintendo DS
710:Python 3000
671:Google Code
535:interpreter
3069:Categories
2887:IronPython
2724:2017-10-15
2700:2019-08-08
2676:2017-10-15
2655:2017-10-15
2634:2020-04-01
2610:2019-05-10
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