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423:(Baguio–Bontoc Road), the country's highest paved national road, runs through the reserve's western boundaries. Nine other mountain peaks over 7,000 feet (2,100 m) high provide scenic vistas, including Mount Nangaoto (8,386 ft (2,556 m), Mount Singakalsa (8,104 ft (2,470 m), Mount Aki (7,723 ft (2,354 m), Mount Ambubungan (7,405 ft (2,257 m), Mount Palugloko (7,359 ft (2,243 m), Mount Toyangan (7,238 ft (2,206 m), Mount Bayoyo (7,185 ft (2,190 m) and Mount Palansa (7,119 ft (2,170 m). This area experiences regular hailstorms and some of the coolest weather in the Philippines.
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242:. According to section 4 of the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act (R.A. 7586), a resource reserve is an extensive and relatively isolated area designated as such to preserve the natural resources of the area. The reserve comprises 77,561 hectares (191,660 acres) of the catchment area that feeds the
418:
Upper Agno is one of the highest protected areas in the country. It has an average elevation of 1,604.97 metres (5,265.6 ft), the highest among the nineteen Agno river sub-basins. Mount
Mongawto (Mongoto) is the highest point in the reserve at 2,720 m (8,920 ft) situated in the Central
310:
issued
Proclamation No. 120 declaring the immediate upstream and downstream of the Ambuklao Dam including a portion of the Mount Data National Park traversed by the Agno River as part of a new protected area, the 9,700-hectare (24,000-acre) Ambuklao Watershed Forest Reserve. In 1987, a portion of the
728:
and Mount Ugo just east of the
Ambuklao lake in Bokod is an ecologically significant hiking mountain circuit destination with peaks rising above 2,000 m (6,600 ft). The Mount Purgatory (Mangisi) Ecotourism Circuit is made up of seven mountain peaks, the highest of which are Mount Komkompol
410:
The Upper Agno River Basin is the third largest sub-catchment in the entire Agno River Basin that spans three regions in northern Luzon. Its main tributaries are the 110 km (68 mi) long Bokod River which empties into it at the
Ambuklao reservoir from the east, the Benneng River which flows
411:
121 km (75 mi) on the east side between the
Ambuklao and Binga dams, and the 47 km (29 mi) long Bantay River located upstream of Ambuklao Dam. The reserve is also fed by several other smaller streams including Karao River in Bokod, and Eddet and Adaoay rivers in
318:
On April 23, 2000, through the issuance of
Proclamation No. 268, the reserve was consolidated as a resource reserve and was significantly expanded to 77,561 hectares (191,660 acres) to cover the entire upper Agno river basin bordering the Mount Data and Mount Pulag national parks.
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438:
and reservoir situated on the confluence of the Agno and Bokod rivers in the southern portion of the reserve. It is the oldest hydropower dam in the country built in 1956 with a reservoir capacity of 329,000,000 cubic metres
443:
10 cu ft) that supplied 75 megawatts (increased to 105 MW when it was rehabilitated in 2011) to the Luzon grid. Located 19 km (12 mi) downstream of
Ambuklao at the southern edge of the reserve is the
1404:
294:
was re-gazetted as part of the 2,398-hectare (5,930-acre) Baguio–Bontoc Scenic
National Park. The national park was expanded to 5,512 hectares (13,620 acres) and was renamed Mount Data National Park in 1940.
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672:
The Upper Agno river and its tributaries have the highest fish diversity among the five river systems in
Benguet. Fish species found in these rivers include Java fat-nose goby, mangrove flathead goby,
62:
729:
and Mount Pack, which are accessible by a 10.5 km (6.5 mi) and 15.5 km (9.6 mi) designated foot trails through long stretches of dense mossy forests, pine trees and grasslands.
479:
The ecology of the Upper Agno reserve varies from lower montane forests, upper montane forests to grassland summits. The most dominant vegetation in the lower montane forests are the
Benguet pine (
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At least 70 bird species have been sighted or recorded within the protected area, 46 of which are endemic to the Philippines, including the
574:, has also been documented in the mossy forest around the summit of the 2,300-metre (7,500 ft) high Mount Komkompol in Bokod in 2020.
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mountains and covers the catchment area between the ridges of the Central and Polis ranges. The majority of the reserve is in
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The area of the Upper Agno river basin first achieved official park protection on February 16, 1929, when Governor-General
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In 1946, the Agno River Development Program was launched to construct six hydropower facilities along the Agno River. The
262:, the largest in the Philippines and the main source of water, electric energy and irrigation for surrounding regions in
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525:. Above the upper montane forests that cover the summits of the highest peaks are grasslands dominated by dwarf bamboo (
259:
499:). In slopes above 2,000 m (6,600 ft), the mossy forests primarily contain woody plants belonging to the
348:
286:, the reserve lost 1,026.8931 hectares (2,537.508 acres) of fragmented lands to mining concessions. When President
279:
223:
204:
1519:
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1276:"Dendrochilum ignisiflorum (Coelogyninae, Arethuseae, Orchidaceae), a new species from Luzon Island, Philippines"
1139:
806:
598:
570:
282:
range as the Central Cordillera Forest Reserve. Through an amendment to the law made in 1932 by Governor-General
1324:
586:
315:, Mount Tabeyoc, Mount Panotoan and four other adjacent peaks were set aside as the Mount Pulag National Park.
258:
that preserves the immediate downstream of the Binga Dam where the Agno River is impounded by a third dam, the
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986:
832:
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685:
578:
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238:. It is a resource reserve located high in the Central and Polis ranges protecting the headwaters of the
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712:. The Ambuklao reservoir also supports aquaculture and has at least 83 fish cage operators harvesting
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568:, is also known to occur in high elevation habitats of Upper Agno. A new species of endemic orchids,
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The Upper Agno reserve protects the northernmost 45.94 km (28.55 mi) section of the
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dams, two of the country's oldest hydroelectric plants that supply power to the city of
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684:. The Ambuklao reservoir is stocked abundantly with introduced fish species, namely
709:
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555:
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481:
435:
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44:
892:. Florencio Tamesis, Director of Forestry. Manila: Bureau of Printing. p. 142
942:. Florencio Tamesis, Director of Forestry. Manila: Bureau of Printing. p. 64
937:
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887:
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and reservoir built in 1960 that has a capacity of 87,000,000 cubic metres (3.1
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and entire Benguet province. Upper Agno is north of and contiguous with the
247:
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38:
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View of the pine-forested mountain landscape from Mount Purgatory/Mangisi
541:
527:
494:
384:
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332:
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signed Proclamation No. 65 in 1936, a portion of the basin surrounding
227:
121:
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380:
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1174:"Fishes and Shell Diversity in Major Rivers of Benguet, Philippines"
459:
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401:
263:
1107:"Climate-Responsive Integrated Master Plan for Agno River Basin"
917:. Maximo B. Garming. Manila: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. p. 6
1393:
1221:"Winter is coming? Benguet experiences a cool and 'icy' summer"
97:
69:
1325:"Mt. Purgatory Traverse/Mt. Pack-Mt. Komkompol (2,290/2,329+)"
1299:"Benguet village discovers new economy as hydro dam is reborn"
1247:"Begonia section Pettermania of Luzon Island, the Philippines"
1011:
Cordillera People's Alliance, Public Information Commission.
472:), an endemic ornamental plant found in the mossy forests of
31:
VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)
708:. It also has commercially abundant freshwater shrimp and
278:
signed Proclamation No. 217 declaring 81.8% of the entire
452:
10 cu ft) and maximum output of 100 megawatts.
406:
Bokod River in Karao, a tributary of the Upper Agno River
306:, was completed in 1960. On November 25, 1966, President
914:
Towards Understanding the Cordillera Autonomous Region
343:. It is located to the east and north of the city of
1477:
1461:
1428:
196:
186:
178:
141:
131:
117:
21:
1254:Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)
858:"Re-Study of the San Roque Multi-Purpose Project"
302:was built in 1956 while the second facility, the
311:forest reserve containing Luzon's highest peak,
1114:Department of Environment and Natural Resources
201:Department of Environment and Natural Resources
1274:Tamayo, M.N.; Pranada, A.K.; Bustamante, R.A.
1405:
758:A trail inside the Purgatory/Mangisi traverse
633:. Its mammalian wildlife species include the
8:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1412:
1398:
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1101:College of Forestry and Natural Resources
18:
939:Annual Report of the Director of Forestry
889:Annual Report of the Director of Forestry
827:
825:
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1103:University of the Philippines Los Baños
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768:
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419:range within the municipality of Atok.
216:Upper Agno River Basin Resource Reserve
22:Upper Agno River Basin Resource Reserve
1570:2000 establishments in the Philippines
1565:1966 establishments in the Philippines
865:Japan International Cooperation Agency
803:"Upgrading of Luzon dams to cost P54B"
434:The focal point of the reserve is the
222:located on the southeast flank of the
1550:Birdwatching sites in the Philippines
331:from the Mount Data National Park in
7:
116:
43:View of the reserve surrounding the
16:Protected area in Luzon, Philippines
1560:Protected areas established in 2000
1555:Protected areas established in 1966
256:Lower Agno Watershed Forest Reserve
1525:Forest reserves of the Philippines
1500:Protected areas of the Philippines
190:November 25, 1966 (forest reserve)
14:
911:Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (1989).
379:. It also has a sizeable area in
192:April 23, 2000 (resource reserve)
1422:Cordillera Administrative Region
751:
739:
355:shared by the municipalities of
96:
89:
68:
61:
37:
1172:Napaldet, J.T. (January 2018).
1041:"Proclamation No. 120, s. 1966"
987:"Proclamation No. 634, s. 1940"
833:"Proclamation No. 268, s. 2000"
801:Caluza, D. (October 28, 2013).
492:) and makole flowering plants (
185:
182:77,561 hectares (191,660 acres)
130:
1545:Tourist attractions in Benguet
1070:Official Gazette (Philippines)
1066:"Proclamation No. 75, s. 1987"
1045:Official Gazette (Philippines)
991:Official Gazette (Philippines)
966:Official Gazette (Philippines)
962:"Proclamation No. 65, s. 1936"
837:Official Gazette (Philippines)
781:Official Gazette (Philippines)
647:Northern Luzon giant cloud rat
643:Philippine long-tailed macaque
611:white-browed jungle flycatcher
226:in the Philippine province of
1:
1373:"Mountain hopping in Benguet"
1323:Lasco, G. (January 1, 2013).
1297:Cabreza, V. (July 31, 2011).
1219:Canlas, KC (April 26, 2020).
1352:. Jaime V. Ongpin Foundation
936:Bureau of Forestry (1933).
886:Bureau of Forestry (1933).
383:split between the towns of
105:Location in the Philippines
1586:
1540:Geography of Nueva Vizcaya
205:National Power Corporation
1496:
1478:Watershed forest reserves
1347:"Mount Purgatory Mangisi"
1303:Philippine Daily Inquirer
807:Philippine Daily Inquirer
599:flame-breasted fruit dove
571:Dendrochilum ignisiflorum
560:). An endemic ornamental
532:) as well as heathgrass (
55:
36:
26:
1375:. Baguio Midland Courier
1198:"Upper Agno River Basin"
1013:"Dams in the Cordillera"
587:indigo-banded kingfisher
546:), Pulag St. Johnswort (
1420:Protected areas in the
777:"Republic Act No. 7586"
579:scale-feathered malkoha
512:Rhododendron subsessile
108:Show map of Philippines
1469:Upper Agno River Basin
591:bicolored flowerpecker
476:
431:
407:
284:Theodore Roosevelt Jr.
230:along its border with
163:16.45806°N 120.74111°E
623:Luzon striped babbler
485:), evergreen shrubs (
463:
429:
405:
1530:Geography of Benguet
1438:Balbalasang-Balbalan
1245:Rivera-Rubite, R.R.
1140:"Ilog Itaas ng Agno"
1020:International Rivers
663:Philippine warty pig
651:Mount Data shrew-rat
627:dark-throated oriole
607:Philippine scops owl
391:and a small part in
1535:Geography of Ifugao
1327:. Pinoy Mountaineer
615:blue-headed fantail
363:, Buguias, Itogon,
197:Governing body
168:16.45806; 120.74111
159: /
477:
470:Cirsium luzoniense
432:
408:
349:Cordillera Central
280:Cordillera Central
224:Cordillera Central
1507:
1506:
1462:Resource reserves
674:giant mottled eel
625:, Northern Luzon
603:Philippine coucal
566:Begonia merrittii
523:Vaccinium indutum
212:
211:
132:Nearest city
80:Show map of Luzon
77:Location in Luzon
47:and reservoir in
1577:
1520:IUCN Category VI
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1147:Kyoto University
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867:. September 1985
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724:Nestled between
659:large flying fox
635:Asian palm civet
451:
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347:in the southern
308:Ferdinand Marcos
288:Manuel L. Quezon
276:Henry L. Stimson
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714:crimson snapper
667:Philippine deer
631:whiskered pitta
583:mountain shrike
530:niitikayamensis
503:family such as
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421:Halsema Highway
395:in the town of
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1225:When In Manila
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619:lovely sunbird
539:), reedgrass (
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639:Malayan civet
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1377:. Retrieved
1371:Likigan, L.
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784:. Retrieved
771:
723:
710:Asiatic clam
702:bighead carp
690:Celebes goby
686:silver perch
682:mosquitofish
671:
576:
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558:subcapitatum
556:Trichophorum
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537:oreoboloides
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300:Ambuklao Dam
297:
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45:Ambuklao Dam
1453:Mount Pulag
1200:. PeakVisor
726:Mount Pulag
698:silver carp
694:common carp
655:Luzon shrew
595:balicassiao
544:suizanensis
497:granadensis
464:Philippine
373:La Trinidad
313:Mount Pulag
187:Established
166: /
154:120°44′28″E
142:Coordinates
126:Philippines
1514:Categories
1485:Lower Agno
1448:Mount Data
1379:October 1,
1356:October 1,
1331:October 1,
1308:October 1,
1282:October 1,
1259:October 1,
1230:October 1,
1204:October 1,
1179:October 1,
1152:October 1,
1119:October 1,
1075:October 1,
1050:October 1,
1025:October 1,
996:October 1,
971:October 1,
946:October 1,
921:October 1,
896:October 1,
871:October 1,
842:October 1,
812:October 1,
786:October 1,
764:References
720:Recreation
678:pond loach
508:taxifolium
490:borneensis
488:Gaultheria
329:Agno River
292:Mount Data
240:Agno River
208:SN Aboitiz
151:16°27′29″N
1278:. Biotaxa
551:pulogense
549:Hypericum
535:Danthonia
519:myrtoides
517:Vaccinium
501:Ericaceae
446:Binga Dam
337:Binga Dam
323:Geography
304:Binga Dam
542:Deyeuxia
528:Yushania
495:Coprosma
385:Hungduan
369:Kibungan
244:Ambuklao
118:Location
733:Gallery
706:tilapia
562:begonia
553:) and (
466:thistle
456:Ecology
413:Kabayan
389:Kiangan
365:Kabayan
353:Benguet
333:Buguias
270:History
228:Benguet
122:Benguet
397:Kayapa
381:Ifugao
377:Tublay
345:Baguio
341:Itogon
252:Baguio
232:Ifugao
136:Baguio
1350:(PDF)
1250:(PDF)
1143:(PDF)
1110:(PDF)
1016:(PDF)
861:(PDF)
474:Bokod
439:(1.16
361:Bokod
264:Luzon
248:Binga
218:is a
49:Bokod
1381:2020
1358:2020
1333:2020
1310:2020
1284:2020
1261:2020
1232:2020
1206:2020
1181:2020
1154:2020
1121:2020
1077:2020
1052:2020
1027:2020
998:2020
973:2020
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898:2020
873:2020
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814:2020
788:2020
704:and
680:and
665:and
629:and
521:and
387:and
375:and
357:Atok
246:and
234:and
214:The
179:Area
339:in
335:to
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