7481:
6767:
4376:"The isotopic analyses disclosed a species of mass 248 in constant abundance in three samples analysed over a period of about 10 months. This was ascribed to an isomer of Bk with a half-life greater than 9 . No growth of Cf was detected, and a lower limit for the β half-life can be set at about 10 . No alpha activity attributable to the new isomer has been detected; the alpha half-life is probably greater than 300 ."
7173:
6373:
4003:
B.; Lu, Z. W.; Xu, X. X.; Duan, L. M.; Yang, H. R.; Huang, W. X.; Liu, Z.; Zhou, X. H.; Zhang, Y. H.; Xu, H. S.; Wang, N.; Zhou, H. B.; Wen, X. J.; Huang, S.; Hua, W.; Zhu, L.; Wang, X.; Mao, Y. C.; He, X. T.; Wang, S. Y.; Xu, W. Z.; Li, H. W.; Niu, Y. F.; Guo, L.; Ren, Z. Z.; Zhou, S. G. (4 August 2022). "Fine structure in the α decay of the 8+ isomer in U".
3938:
X.; Liu, Z.; Zhou, X. H.; Zhang, Y. H.; Xu, H. S.; Wang, N.; Zhou, H. B.; Wen, X. J.; Huang, S.; Hua, W.; Zhu, L.; Wang, X.; Mao, Y. C.; He, X. T.; Wang, S. Y.; Xu, W. Z.; Li, H. W.; Ren, Z. Z.; Zhou, S. G. (2021). "New α-Emitting
Isotope 214 and Abnormal Enhancement of α-Particle Clustering in Lightest Uranium Isotopes".
3937:
Zhang, Z. Y.; Yang, H. B.; Huang, M. H.; Gan, Z. G.; Yuan, C. X.; Qi, C.; Andreyev, A. N.; Liu, M. L.; Ma, L.; Zhang, M. M.; Tian, Y. L.; Wang, Y. S.; Wang, J. G.; Yang, C. L.; Li, G. S.; Qiang, Y. H.; Yang, W. Q.; Chen, R. F.; Zhang, H. B.; Lu, Z. W.; Xu, X. X.; Duan, L. M.; Yang, H. R.; Huang, W.
4002:
Zhang, M. M.; Tian, Y. L.; Wang, Y. S.; Zhang, Z. Y.; Gan, Z. G.; Yang, H. B.; Huang, M. H.; Ma, L.; Yang, C. L.; Wang, J. G.; Yuan, C. X.; Qi, C.; Andreyev, A. N.; Huang, X. Y.; Xu, S. Y.; Zhao, Z.; Chen, L. X.; Wang, J. Y.; Liu, M. L.; Qiang, Y. H.; Li, G. S.; Yang, W. Q.; Chen, R. F.; Zhang, H.
3686:
About 99.284% of natural uranium is uranium-238, which has a half-life of 1.41×10 seconds (4.468×10 years). Depleted uranium has an even higher concentration of U, and even low-enriched uranium (LEU) is still mostly U. Reprocessed uranium is also mainly U, with about as much uranium-235 as natural
3328:
as part of the thorium fuel cycle. U was investigated for use in nuclear weapons and as a reactor fuel. It was occasionally tested but never deployed in nuclear weapons and has not been used commercially as a nuclear fuel. It has been used successfully in experimental nuclear reactors and has been
4150:
Kromer, Kathrin; Lyu, Chunhai; Bieroń, Jacek; Door, Menno; Enzmann, Lucia; Filianin, Pavel; Gaigalas, Gediminas; Harman, Zoltán; Herkenhoff, Jost; Huang, Wenjia; Keitel, Christoph H.; Eliseev, Sergey; Blaum, Klaus (2024-02-06). "Atomic mass determination of uranium-238".
3682:
below the range where fast fission of one or more next-generation nuclei is probable. Doppler broadening of U's neutron absorption resonances, increasing absorption as fuel temperature increases, is also an essential negative feedback mechanism for reactor control.
4046:
Gan, ZaiGuo; Jiang, Jian; Yang, HuaBin; Zhang, ZhiYuan; Ma, Long; Yu, Lin; Wang, JianGuo; Tian, YuLin; Ding, Bing; Huang, TianHeng; Wang, YongSheng; Guo, Song; Sun, MingDao; Wang, KaiLong; Zhou, ShanGui; Ren, ZhongZhou; Zhou, XiaoHong; Xu, HuShan (1 August 2016).
3348:. Protactinium-233 has a half-life of 27 days and beta decays into uranium-233; some proposed molten salt reactor designs attempt to physically isolate the protactinium from further neutron capture before beta decay can occur.
3500:—the average over neutrons having various intermediate energies. In a nuclear reactor, non-fissile isotopes capture a neutron breeding fissile isotopes. U is converted to U more easily and therefore at a greater rate than
3852:
Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04).
4882:
Niwase, T.; Watanabe, Y. X.; Hirayama, Y.; Mukai, M.; Schury, P.; Andreyev, A. N.; Hashimoto, T.; Iimura, S.; Ishiyama, H.; Ito, Y.; Jeong, S. C.; Kaji, D.; Kimura, S.; Miyatake, H.; Morimoto, K. (2023-03-31).
3722:, with a total decay energy of about 1.29 MeV. The most common gamma decay at 74.660 keV accounts for the difference in the two major channels of beta emission energy, at 1.28 and 1.21 MeV.
3465:, which concentrates lighter isotopes even more strongly than it does U. The increased percentage of U in enriched natural uranium is acceptable in current nuclear reactors, but (re-enriched)
557:(historically called actino-uranium) has 15 members and ends in lead-207. The constant rates of decay in these series makes comparison of the ratios of parent-to-daughter elements useful in
2666:
2405:# – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
4885:"Discovery of New Isotope $ ^{241}\mathrm{U}$ and Systematic High-Precision Atomic Mass Measurements of Neutron-Rich Pa-Pu Nuclei Produced via Multinucleon Transfer Reactions"
3838:
3260:
Uranium-214 is the lightest known isotope of uranium. It was discovered at the
Spectrometer for Heavy Atoms and Nuclear Structure (SHANS) at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in
3605:
has a half-life of about 23 million years; and is neither fissile with thermal neutrons, nor very good fertile material, but is generally considered a nuisance and long-lived
428:
4948:
4250:
491:. In addition to isotopes found in nature or nuclear reactors, many isotopes with far shorter half-lives have been produced, ranging from U to U (except for U). The
4558:
3636:
in 1940, who in a near-miss discovery, inferred the creation of element 93, but was unable to isolate the then-unknown element or measure its decay properties.
4198:"Discovery of New Isotope U and Systematic High-Precision Atomic Mass Measurements of Neutron-Rich Pa-Pu Nuclei Produced via Multinucleon Transfer Reactions"
2659:
2495:# – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
4087:
Trenn, Thaddeus J. (1978). "Thoruranium (U-236) as the extinct natural parent of thorium: The premature falsification of an essentially correct theory".
3584:
it is on the order of 1 barn. At thermal energy levels, about 5 of 6 neutron absorptions result in fission and 1 of 6 result in neutron capture forming
4310:
Plus radium (element 88). While actually a sub-actinide, it immediately precedes actinium (89) and follows a three-element gap of instability after
3236:
4532:
3910:
Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*".
2652:
421:
7842:
7811:
4941:
4722:
3302:(a daughter of U, produced relatively quickly) makes U contaminated with it more difficult to handle. Uranium-232 is a rare example of an
4349:
Milsted, J.; Friedman, A. M.; Stevens, C. M. (1965). "The alpha half-life of berkelium-247; a new long-lived isomer of berkelium-248".
4714:
4402:" nuclides with half-lives significantly in excess of Th; e.g., while Cd has a half-life of only fourteen years, that of Cd is eight
4674:
414:
4934:
4118:
4403:
7832:
7806:
3678:. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, but cannot support a chain reaction because inelastic scattering reduces
2870:
2831:
2798:
2771:
7801:
4554:
4701:
2532:
2517:
3303:
3162:
3131:
3108:
3086:
3055:
4746:
B. C. Diven; J. Terrell; A. Hemmendinger (1 January 1958). "Capture-to-Fission Ratios for Fast
Neutrons in U235".
6799:
6795:
7534:
7530:
7226:
7222:
6925:
6921:
4440:"New α -Emitting Isotope 214 U and Abnormal Enhancement of α -Particle Clustering in Lightest Uranium Isotopes"
3687:
uranium, a comparable proportion of uranium-236, and much smaller amounts of other isotopes of uranium such as
2575:
7744:
7740:
7702:
7698:
7681:
7677:
7051:
7047:
6967:
6963:
6946:
6942:
5077:
3739:
3565:
3513:
2358:
677:
339:
7373:
7369:
7331:
7327:
7268:
7264:
7144:
7140:
7123:
7119:
7072:
7068:
6904:
6900:
6841:
6837:
6778:
6774:
6074:
6070:
6053:
6049:
5464:
5460:
4975:
492:
400:
356:
105:
3747:
in an experiment involving U+Pt multinucleon transfer reactions. Its half-life is about 40 minutes.
3461:
contains more U than natural uranium as a byproduct of the uranium enrichment process aimed at obtaining
7660:
7656:
7618:
7614:
7597:
7593:
7576:
7572:
7457:
7453:
7247:
7243:
7184:
7180:
7093:
7089:
7030:
7026:
7009:
7005:
6263:
6259:
6137:
6133:
6095:
6091:
6011:
6007:
5967:
5963:
5832:
5828:
5685:
5681:
5557:
5553:
5422:
5418:
5399:
5395:
5220:
5216:
4858:
4580:
4285:
3569:
3385:
U occurs in natural uranium as an indirect decay product of uranium-238, but makes up only 55 parts per
3291:
2707:
4783:"The discoveries of uranium 237 and symmetric fission — From the archival papers of Nishina and Kimura"
4510:
4439:
4314:(84) where no nuclides have half-lives of at least four years (the longest-lived nuclide in the gap is
3810:
Proceedings of the conference on nuclear data evaluation methods and procedures. BNL-NCS 51363, vol. II
4599:
4197:
7765:
7761:
7492:
7488:
7310:
7306:
7289:
7285:
6988:
6984:
6729:
6725:
6678:
6674:
6657:
6653:
6594:
6590:
6531:
6527:
6447:
6443:
6426:
6422:
6384:
6380:
6242:
6238:
5946:
5942:
5874:
5870:
5664:
5660:
5643:
5639:
5622:
5618:
5601:
5597:
5506:
5502:
5327:
5323:
5285:
5281:
5146:
5142:
4986:
4755:
4636:
4461:
4358:
3957:
3854:
7723:
7719:
7513:
7509:
7436:
7432:
7394:
7390:
7352:
7348:
6883:
6879:
6862:
6858:
6820:
6816:
6636:
6632:
6573:
6569:
6510:
6506:
6468:
6464:
6405:
6401:
6335:
6331:
6179:
6175:
6116:
6112:
6032:
6028:
5990:
5986:
5916:
5912:
5895:
5891:
5853:
5849:
5811:
5807:
5578:
5574:
5443:
5439:
5199:
5195:
3466:
3425:
2442:
1721:
1428:
130:
3808:
7639:
7635:
7415:
7411:
7205:
7201:
6750:
6746:
6489:
6485:
6356:
6352:
6284:
6280:
6200:
6196:
6158:
6154:
5769:
5765:
5748:
5744:
5727:
5723:
5485:
5481:
5378:
5374:
5306:
5302:
5264:
5260:
5169:
5165:
4912:
4485:
4451:
4399:
4386:
4228:
4160:
4028:
3981:
3947:
3550:
3497:
3443:, or engineering for isolating U. Very small pure samples of U can be extracted via the chemical
3432:
558:
457:
146:
3351:
Uranium-233 usually fissions on neutron absorption but sometimes retains the neutron, becoming
7796:
7790:
6699:
6695:
6580:
6305:
6301:
5527:
5523:
5243:
5239:
4904:
4812:
4728:
4718:
4680:
4670:
4477:
4260:
4220:
4178:
4020:
3973:
3870:
3711:
3606:
2106:
688:
515:
88:
68:
59:
7837:
7111:
6717:
6615:
6611:
6552:
6548:
6323:
5934:
5790:
5786:
5706:
5702:
5545:
5366:
5348:
5344:
5187:
5134:
5039:
5034:
5029:
4961:
4896:
4802:
4794:
4763:
4644:
4469:
4366:
4322:). Radium's longest lived isotope, at 1,600 years, thus merits the element's inclusion here.
4212:
4170:
4096:
4060:
4012:
3965:
3919:
3862:
3789:
3663:
3493:
3458:
3410:
3345:
2722:
2432:
2016:
1345:
682:
601:
535:
473:
3329:
proposed for much wider use as a nuclear fuel. It has a half-life of around 160,000 years.
6221:
6217:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4884:
4336:
4332:
3573:
3546:
3539:
3485:
3478:
3393:
of 245,500 years is only about 1/18,000 that of U. The path of production of U is this: U
3332:
Uranium-233 is produced by neutron irradiation of thorium-232. When thorium-232 absorbs a
3295:
3268:
in 2021, produced by firing argon-36 at tungsten-182. It alpha-decays with a half-life of
3223:
2740:
2699:
2600:
784:
589:
585:
581:
573:
554:
496:
488:
4416:
3888:
3469:
might contain even higher fractions of U, which is undesirable. This is because U is not
4759:
4648:
4640:
4465:
4362:
3961:
4807:
4782:
4621:
3774:
3679:
3633:
3542:
3452:
3243:
2731:
2714:
2380:
635:
593:
577:
546:
453:
7826:
6806:
4916:
4489:
4370:
4232:
4048:
4032:
3985:
3726:
3719:
3675:
3625:
3561:
3509:
3505:
3448:
3431:
Extraction of rather small amounts of U from natural uranium would be feasible using
3368:
3364:
3360:
3287:
2613:
2596:
2544:
2505:
2483:( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
2422:
1534:
1439:
669:
647:
628:
605:
597:
542:
477:
345:
93:
4926:
3530:
Uranium-235 makes up about 0.72% of natural uranium. Unlike the predominant isotope
580:
because it is the only isotope existing in nature to any appreciable extent that is
7541:
7233:
6932:
5049:
4981:
4900:
4473:
4216:
4133:
3969:
3610:
3444:
3299:
2560:
523:
3355:. The capture-to-fission ratio is smaller than the other two major fissile fuels,
4385:
This is the heaviest nuclide with a half-life of at least four years before the "
4174:
7751:
7709:
7688:
7058:
6974:
6953:
5044:
4016:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3671:
3645:
3597:
3585:
3577:
3531:
3525:
3501:
3489:
3462:
3421:
3417:
3398:
3394:
3380:
3356:
3352:
3337:
3325:
3319:
3281:
2703:
2683:
2060:
1871:
1738:
1632:
1569:
1500:
735:
642:
562:
519:
484:
480:
465:
461:
449:
321:
299:
282:
260:
243:
221:
204:
182:
165:
141:
122:
116:
100:
17:
3923:
3793:
7380:
7338:
7275:
7151:
7130:
7079:
6911:
6848:
6785:
6081:
6060:
5471:
4100:
3715:
3629:
3406:
3341:
2396:) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
661:
469:
4732:
4264:
4182:
4024:
3874:
7667:
7625:
7604:
7583:
7464:
7254:
7191:
7100:
7037:
7016:
6270:
6144:
6102:
6018:
5974:
5839:
5692:
5564:
5429:
5406:
5227:
5069:
5059:
5054:
4787:
Proceedings of the Japan
Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences
4767:
4315:
4255:
3557:
3436:
3435:, similar to normal uranium-enrichment. However, there is no real demand in
3402:
3390:
2688:
655:
73:
4908:
4816:
4481:
4224:
3977:
4065:
3866:
7772:
7499:
7317:
7296:
6995:
6736:
6685:
6664:
6601:
6538:
6454:
6433:
6391:
6249:
5953:
5881:
5671:
5650:
5629:
5608:
5513:
5334:
5292:
5153:
4311:
4290:
4251:"In pursuit of a 'magic number', physicists discover new uranium isotope"
3581:
3474:
2679:
550:
4798:
604:: it absorbs neutrons to produce a radioactive isotope that decays into
526:), and the most abundant and stable is uranium-238, with a half-life of
7730:
7562:
7520:
7443:
7401:
7359:
6890:
6869:
6827:
6643:
6517:
6475:
6412:
6342:
6186:
6123:
6039:
5997:
5923:
5902:
5860:
5818:
5585:
5450:
5206:
5064:
4957:
3855:"Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)"
3667:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3535:
3470:
3440:
3386:
3333:
3307:
3286:
Uranium-232 has a half-life of 68.9 years and is a side product in the
3261:
3230:
566:
511:
441:
36:
32:
518:), U (0.7198–0.7202%), and U (0.0050–0.0059%). All three isotopes are
7646:
7422:
7212:
6757:
6496:
6363:
6291:
6207:
6165:
5776:
5755:
5734:
5492:
5385:
5313:
5271:
5176:
3743:, a group of researchers based in Korea reported that they had found
4049:"α decay studies of the neutron-deficient uranium isotopes 215-217U"
3834:
4620:
Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S. (2017).
4456:
4165:
3952:
3773:
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021).
3714:
in a nuclear reactor. U has a half-life of about 23.45 minutes and
600:) mass of uranium-235. Uranium-238 is also important because it is
6706:
6312:
5534:
5250:
4533:"Physicists have created a new and extremely rare kind of uranium"
3265:
27:
Nuclides with atomic number of 92 but with different mass numbers
6622:
6559:
5797:
5713:
5355:
4684:
2693:
2462:
as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
1452:
1446:
4930:
4196:
Niwase, T.; Watanabe, Y. X.; Hirayama, Y.; et al. (2023).
6228:
3725:
Np then, with a half-life of about 2.356 days, beta-decays to
4600:"Uses For Uranium-233: What Should Be Kept for Future Needs?"
3613:
and in the reprocessed uranium made from spent nuclear fuel.
3588:. The fission-to-capture ratio improves for faster neutrons.
3246:(thermal neutron capture cross section greater than 3k barns)
3816:. Upton, NY (USA): Brookhaven National Lab. pp. 835 ff
3424:, except for the small percentage of nuclei that undergo
2624:
Neutron capture product; parent of trace quantities of Pu
2474:
as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
3340:, which has a half-life of only 22 minutes. Thorium-233
4119:"Cluster radioactivity: an overview after twenty years"
2612:
Neutron capture product, parent of trace quantities of
4417:"Physicists Discover New Uranium Isotope: Uranium-214"
3451:
that have aged somewhat to allow some decay to U via
3624:has a half-life of about 6.75 days. It decays into
3324:Uranium-233 is a fissile isotope that is bred from
371:
355:
4859:"Previously unknown isotope of uranium discovered"
4286:"Previously unknown isotope of uranium discovered"
4622:"The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties"
3775:"The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"
4852:
4850:
3512:), because U has a much smaller neutron-capture
3208:
3203:
3196:
3175:
3168:
3156:
3147:
3027:
3022:
3008:
3092:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3059:
3047:
3042:
3037:
592:has a high probability of inducing fission. A
4942:
3140:
3135:
3121:
3112:
2990:
2985:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2948:
2943:
2929:
2922:
2898:
2893:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2864:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2660:
422:
8:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3650:Uranium-238 (U or U-238) is the most common
3553:or found in significant quantity in nature.
3363:; it is also lower than that of short-lived
2648:Actinides and fission products by half-life
30:
3997:
3995:
3807:Magurno, B.A.; Pearlstein, S, eds. (1981).
2915:in the range of 100 a–210 ka ...
2786:
2777:
2759:
4949:
4935:
4927:
4660:
4658:
4598:C. W. Forsburg; L. C. Lewis (1999-09-24).
4335:fission of uranium-235, e.g. in a typical
3632:. It was discovered by Japanese physicist
3367:, but bested by very difficult-to-produce
2667:
2653:
2392:( ) – Uncertainty (1
2359:
429:
415:
4806:
4455:
4164:
4064:
3951:
472:and are found in appreciable quantity in
4511:"Lightest-known form of uranium created"
3237:naturally occurring radioactive material
3226:cross section in the range of 8–50 barns
615:
52:
4244:
4242:
3756:
2372:
510:Natural uranium consists of three main
4696:
4694:
4159:(2). American Physical Society (APS).
4117:Bonetti, R.; Guglielmetti, A. (2007).
3290:. It has been cited as an obstacle to
2491:
2489:
596:can be sustained with a large enough (
483:is also found. Other isotopes such as
29:
7555:
4842:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
4830:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
4561:from the original on 26 February 2019
4112:
4110:
3710:is usually produced by exposing U to
3310:with both thermal and fast neutrons.
3189:
2908:
2570:
2568:
2555:
2553:
2527:
2525:
2218:
2121:
1969:
969:
306:
303:
267:
264:
228:
225:
189:
186:
150:
145:
109:
104:
7:
4318:with a half life of less than four
4715:International Atomic Energy Agency
4438:Zhang, Z. Y.; et al. (2021).
3835:"Standard Atomic Weights: Uranium"
572:Uranium-235 is important for both
25:
4249:Mukunth, Vasudevan (2023-04-05).
3737:In 2023, in a paper published in
3054:
545:, decaying through the 18-member
7479:
7171:
7110:
6765:
6716:
6371:
6322:
5933:
5544:
5365:
5186:
5133:
4609:. Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
3413:. Finally, Pa beta decays to U.
2633:Intermediate decay product of Pu
3564:. It was discovered in 1935 by
2353:This table header & footer:
452:element (radioelement) with no
4901:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.132502
4781:Ikeda, Nagao (July 25, 2011).
4667:High converting water reactors
4474:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.152502
4217:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.132502
3970:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.152502
3496:, and about 700 barns for its
2595:Intermediate decay product of
2504:Intermediate decay product of
1:
4649:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001
3294:using U, because the intense
2640:Actinides vs fission products
2586:Important in nuclear reactors
7843:Lists of isotopes by element
4371:10.1016/0029-5582(65)90719-4
4284:Yirka, Bob (April 5, 2023).
4175:10.1103/physrevc.109.l021301
3191:... nor beyond 15.7 Ma
2379:U – Excited
448:U) is a naturally occurring
4419:. Sci-News.com. 14 May 2021
4126:Romanian Reports in Physics
4017:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.024305
3658:found in nature. It is not
3488:cross section of about 100
3473:, and tends to absorb slow
3389:of the uranium because its
2910:No fission products have a
2643:
561:. Uranium-233 is made from
555:decay series of uranium-235
7859:
7160:
5413:
5234:
5160:
4703:Use of Reprocessed Uranium
4669:. CRC Press. p. 212.
4513:. Live Science. 3 May 2021
3859:Pure and Applied Chemistry
3643:
3595:
3523:
3378:
3317:
3279:
2350:
7786:
7476:
4968:
4211:(13): 132502-1–132502-6.
4132:: 301–310. Archived from
4101:10.1080/00033797800200441
3538:, i.e., it can sustain a
3447:process, from samples of
3218:
2698:
2687:
2678:
2646:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2192:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2124:
2119:
2116:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2059:
2038:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1972:
1967:
1964:
1943:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1850:
1820:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1714:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1499:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
996:
994:
991:
972:
967:
964:
910:
908:
905:
886:
883:
880:
877:
875:
872:
841:
779:
777:
774:
765:
762:
759:
756:
754:
751:
697:
687:
676:
668:
660:
654:
641:
634:
627:
622:
618:
608:, which also is fissile.
410:
298:
259:
220:
181:
140:
99:
58:
55:
51:
4053:Chinese Science Bulletin
3924:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf
3794:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae
3666:: it can capture a slow
3568:. Its (fission) nuclear
576:(energy production) and
5122:Chalcogens
4889:Physical Review Letters
4768:10.1103/PhysRev.109.144
4748:Physical Review Letters
4665:Ronen, Y., ed. (1990).
4581:"INCIDENT NEUTRON DATA"
4444:Physical Review Letters
4205:Physical Review Letters
3940:Physical Review Letters
3740:Physical Review Letters
3609:. It is found in spent
3566:Arthur Jeffrey Dempster
4857:Yirka, Bob; Phys.org.
2533:uranium–uranium dating
2518:uranium–thorium dating
2193:133.7991(10) keV
1821:0.076737(18) keV
1715:1421.257(17) keV
514:, U (99.2739–99.2752%
493:standard atomic weight
487:have been produced in
357:Standard atomic weight
4139:on 19 September 2016.
4066:10.1360/N972015-01316
3867:10.1515/pac-2019-0603
3401:. Next, with a short
3292:nuclear proliferation
3235:№, primarily a
3222:₡, has thermal
3891:. GlobalSecurity.org
2219:2500(900)# keV
692:(mole fraction)
7833:Isotopes of uranium
7812:Isotopes by element
7807:Metastable isotopes
4844:, 57th Ed. p. B-423
4832:, 57th Ed. p. B-345
4799:10.2183/pjab.87.371
4760:1958PhRv..109..144D
4641:2017ChPhC..41c0001A
4466:2021PhRvL.126o2502Z
4363:1965NucPh..71..299M
3962:2021PhRvL.126o2502Z
3516:of just 2.7 barns.
3467:reprocessed uranium
3426:spontaneous fission
2599:, also produced by
2576:Uranium–lead dating
2459:Bold italics symbol
2443:Spontaneous fission
2122:2557.9(5) keV
2039:274.0(10) keV
1944:1052.5(6) keV
1851:2500(300) keV
704:Range of variation
458:primordial isotopes
48:
7802:Tables of nuclides
4711:Technical Document
4400:classically stable
4387:sea of instability
4331:Specifically from
3889:"Uranium Isotopes"
3556:Uranium-235 has a
3551:primordial nuclide
3498:resonance integral
3433:isotope separation
2799:> 9 a
2074:238.050787618(15)
701:Normal proportion
698:Excitation energy
559:radiometric dating
541:Uranium-238 is an
7820:
7819:
7791:Table of nuclides
7781:
7780:
7768:
7747:
7726:
7705:
7684:
7663:
7642:
7621:
7600:
7579:
7558:
7537:
7516:
7495:
7460:
7439:
7418:
7397:
7376:
7355:
7334:
7313:
7292:
7271:
7250:
7229:
7208:
7187:
7147:
7126:
7096:
7075:
7054:
7033:
7012:
6991:
6970:
6949:
6928:
6907:
6886:
6865:
6844:
6823:
6802:
6781:
6753:
6732:
6702:
6681:
6660:
6639:
6618:
6597:
6576:
6555:
6534:
6513:
6492:
6471:
6450:
6429:
6408:
6387:
6359:
6338:
6308:
6287:
6266:
6245:
6224:
6203:
6182:
6161:
6140:
6119:
6098:
6077:
6056:
6035:
6014:
5993:
5970:
5949:
5919:
5898:
5877:
5856:
5835:
5814:
5793:
5772:
5751:
5730:
5709:
5688:
5667:
5646:
5625:
5604:
5581:
5560:
5530:
5509:
5488:
5467:
5446:
5425:
5402:
5381:
5351:
5330:
5309:
5288:
5267:
5246:
5223:
5202:
5172:
5149:
5119:Pnictogens
5080:
4978:
4962:chemical elements
4724:978-92-0-157109-0
4629:Chinese Physics C
4557:. Nuclear Power.
4398:Excluding those "
4153:Physical Review C
4089:Annals of Science
4059:(22): 2502–2511.
4005:Physical Review C
3912:Chinese Physics C
3782:Chinese Physics C
3712:neutron radiation
3607:radioactive waste
3545:. It is the only
3304:even-even isotope
3253:
3252:
3214:0.7–14.1 Ga
3210:
3205:
3198:
3177:
3170:
3158:
3149:
3142:
3137:
3123:
3114:
3094:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3061:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3029:
3024:
3010:
2992:
2987:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2950:
2945:
2931:
2924:
2900:
2895:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2866:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2788:
2779:
2761:
2448:
2447:
2370:
2369:
1970:2750(3) keV
689:Natural abundance
516:natural abundance
468:, that have long
439:
438:
351:
350:
16:(Redirected from
7850:
7766:§ List
7760:
7745:§ List
7739:
7724:§ List
7718:
7703:§ List
7697:
7682:§ List
7676:
7661:§ List
7655:
7640:§ List
7634:
7619:§ List
7613:
7598:§ List
7592:
7577:§ List
7571:
7556:§ List
7550:
7535:§ List
7529:
7514:§ List
7508:
7493:§ List
7487:
7483:
7482:
7458:§ List
7452:
7437:§ List
7431:
7416:§ List
7410:
7395:§ List
7389:
7374:§ List
7368:
7353:§ List
7347:
7332:§ List
7326:
7311:§ List
7305:
7290:§ List
7284:
7269:§ List
7263:
7248:§ List
7242:
7227:§ List
7221:
7206:§ List
7200:
7185:§ List
7179:
7175:
7174:
7145:§ List
7139:
7124:§ List
7118:
7114:
7094:§ List
7088:
7073:§ List
7067:
7052:§ List
7046:
7031:§ List
7025:
7010:§ List
7004:
6989:§ List
6983:
6968:§ List
6962:
6947:§ List
6941:
6926:§ List
6920:
6905:§ List
6899:
6884:§ List
6878:
6863:§ List
6857:
6842:§ List
6836:
6821:§ List
6815:
6800:§ List
6794:
6779:§ List
6773:
6769:
6768:
6751:§ List
6745:
6730:§ List
6724:
6720:
6700:§ List
6694:
6679:§ List
6673:
6658:§ List
6652:
6637:§ List
6631:
6616:§ List
6610:
6595:§ List
6589:
6574:§ List
6568:
6553:§ List
6547:
6532:§ List
6526:
6511:§ List
6505:
6490:§ List
6484:
6469:§ List
6463:
6448:§ List
6442:
6427:§ List
6421:
6406:§ List
6400:
6385:§ List
6379:
6375:
6374:
6357:§ List
6351:
6336:§ List
6330:
6326:
6306:§ List
6300:
6285:§ List
6279:
6264:§ List
6258:
6243:§ List
6237:
6222:§ List
6216:
6201:§ List
6195:
6180:§ List
6174:
6159:§ List
6153:
6138:§ List
6132:
6117:§ List
6111:
6096:§ List
6090:
6075:§ List
6069:
6054:§ List
6048:
6033:§ List
6027:
6012:§ List
6006:
5991:§ List
5985:
5968:§ List
5962:
5947:§ List
5941:
5937:
5917:§ List
5911:
5896:§ List
5890:
5875:§ List
5869:
5854:§ List
5848:
5833:§ List
5827:
5812:§ List
5806:
5791:§ List
5785:
5770:§ List
5764:
5749:§ List
5743:
5728:§ List
5722:
5707:§ List
5701:
5686:§ List
5680:
5665:§ List
5659:
5644:§ List
5638:
5623:§ List
5617:
5602:§ List
5596:
5579:§ List
5573:
5558:§ List
5552:
5548:
5528:§ List
5522:
5507:§ List
5501:
5486:§ List
5480:
5465:§ List
5459:
5444:§ List
5438:
5423:§ List
5417:
5400:§ List
5394:
5379:§ List
5373:
5369:
5349:§ List
5343:
5328:§ List
5322:
5307:§ List
5301:
5286:§ List
5280:
5265:§ List
5259:
5244:§ List
5238:
5221:§ List
5215:
5200:§ List
5194:
5190:
5170:§ List
5164:
5147:§ List
5141:
5137:
5076:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4951:
4944:
4937:
4928:
4921:
4920:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4854:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4827:
4821:
4820:
4810:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4743:
4737:
4736:
4708:
4698:
4689:
4688:
4662:
4653:
4652:
4626:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4604:
4595:
4589:
4588:
4585:atom.kaeri.re.kr
4577:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4566:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4540:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4518:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4459:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4413:
4407:
4396:
4390:
4383:
4377:
4374:
4346:
4340:
4329:
4323:
4308:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4246:
4237:
4236:
4202:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4168:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4123:
4114:
4105:
4104:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4068:
4043:
4037:
4036:
3999:
3990:
3989:
3955:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3815:
3804:
3798:
3797:
3779:
3770:
3576:is about 504.81
3494:thermal neutrons
3459:Enriched uranium
3411:protactinium-234
3346:protactinium-233
3271:
3209:
3204:
3197:
3176:
3169:
3157:
3148:
3141:
3136:
3132:1.61–6.5 Ma
3122:
3113:
3093:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3060:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3028:
3023:
3009:
2998:8.3–8.5 ka
2991:
2986:
2979:4.7–7.4 ka
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:1.3–1.6 ka
2949:
2944:
2930:
2923:
2913:
2899:
2894:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2865:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2787:
2778:
2760:
2700:Fission products
2669:
2662:
2655:
2644:
2634:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2578:
2572:
2563:
2557:
2548:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2484:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2455:
2449:
2433:Electron capture
2416:
2415:
2414:Modes of decay:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2397:
2390:
2384:
2377:
2366:
2361:
2259:240.0565924(27)
2169:23.45(0.02) min
2166:239.0542920(16)
2010:237.0487283(13)
1885:236.0455661(12)
1754:235.0439281(12)
1646:234.0409503(12)
1582:233.0396343(24)
1513:232.0371548(19)
1471:231.0362922(29)
1407:230.0339401(48)
1367:229.0335060(64)
1284:227.0311811(91)
983:
981:
980:
947:
945:
944:
897:
895:
894:
884:217.024660(86)#
855:
853:
852:
819:
817:
816:
732:
730:
729:
693:
651:
616:
612:List of isotopes
588:, i.e., thermal
586:thermal neutrons
574:nuclear reactors
536:age of the Earth
533:
531:
522:(i.e., they are
506:
504:
489:breeder reactors
431:
424:
417:
398:
396:
389:
388:
384:
381:
367:
342:
330:
318:
313:
311:
291:
279:
274:
272:
252:
240:
235:
233:
213:
201:
196:
194:
174:
162:
157:
155:
133:
119:
112:
85:
53:
49:
47:
46:
21:
18:Uranium isotopes
7858:
7857:
7853:
7852:
7851:
7849:
7848:
7847:
7823:
7822:
7821:
7816:
7782:
7776:
7769:
7755:
7748:
7734:
7727:
7713:
7706:
7692:
7685:
7671:
7664:
7650:
7643:
7629:
7622:
7608:
7601:
7587:
7580:
7566:
7559:
7545:
7538:
7524:
7517:
7503:
7496:
7480:
7468:
7461:
7447:
7440:
7426:
7419:
7405:
7398:
7384:
7377:
7363:
7356:
7342:
7335:
7321:
7314:
7300:
7293:
7279:
7272:
7258:
7251:
7237:
7230:
7216:
7209:
7195:
7188:
7172:
7155:
7148:
7134:
7127:
7104:
7097:
7083:
7076:
7062:
7055:
7041:
7034:
7020:
7013:
6999:
6992:
6978:
6971:
6957:
6950:
6936:
6929:
6915:
6908:
6894:
6887:
6873:
6866:
6852:
6845:
6831:
6824:
6810:
6803:
6789:
6782:
6766:
6761:
6754:
6740:
6733:
6710:
6703:
6689:
6682:
6668:
6661:
6647:
6640:
6626:
6619:
6605:
6598:
6584:
6577:
6563:
6556:
6542:
6535:
6521:
6514:
6500:
6493:
6479:
6472:
6458:
6451:
6437:
6430:
6416:
6409:
6395:
6388:
6372:
6367:
6360:
6346:
6339:
6316:
6309:
6295:
6288:
6274:
6267:
6253:
6246:
6232:
6225:
6211:
6204:
6190:
6183:
6169:
6162:
6148:
6141:
6127:
6120:
6106:
6099:
6085:
6078:
6064:
6057:
6043:
6036:
6022:
6015:
6001:
5994:
5978:
5971:
5957:
5950:
5927:
5920:
5906:
5899:
5885:
5878:
5864:
5857:
5843:
5836:
5822:
5815:
5801:
5794:
5780:
5773:
5759:
5752:
5738:
5731:
5717:
5710:
5696:
5689:
5675:
5668:
5654:
5647:
5633:
5626:
5612:
5605:
5589:
5582:
5568:
5561:
5538:
5531:
5517:
5510:
5496:
5489:
5475:
5468:
5454:
5447:
5433:
5426:
5410:
5403:
5389:
5382:
5359:
5352:
5338:
5331:
5317:
5310:
5296:
5289:
5275:
5268:
5254:
5247:
5231:
5224:
5210:
5203:
5180:
5173:
5157:
5150:
5125:Halogens
5089:
5084:
4964:
4955:
4925:
4924:
4881:
4880:
4876:
4867:
4865:
4856:
4855:
4848:
4840:
4836:
4828:
4824:
4780:
4779:
4775:
4745:
4744:
4740:
4725:
4706:
4700:
4699:
4692:
4677:
4664:
4663:
4656:
4624:
4619:
4618:
4614:
4602:
4597:
4596:
4592:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4564:
4562:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4538:
4536:
4535:. New Scientist
4531:
4530:
4526:
4516:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4494:
4492:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4397:
4393:
4384:
4380:
4375:
4351:Nuclear Physics
4348:
4347:
4343:
4337:nuclear reactor
4333:thermal neutron
4330:
4326:
4309:
4305:
4296:
4294:
4283:
4282:
4278:
4269:
4267:
4248:
4247:
4240:
4200:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4136:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4108:
4086:
4085:
4081:
4071:
4069:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4001:
4000:
3993:
3936:
3935:
3931:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3894:
3892:
3887:
3886:
3882:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3777:
3772:
3771:
3758:
3753:
3735:
3705:
3674:become fissile
3648:
3642:
3619:
3600:
3594:
3574:thermal neutron
3547:fissile isotope
3528:
3522:
3486:neutron capture
3479:nuclear reactor
3383:
3377:
3322:
3316:
3296:gamma radiation
3284:
3278:
3269:
3258:
3249:
3224:neutron capture
3087:327–375 ka
3056:150–250 ka
2935:430–900 a
2914:
2911:
2906:141–351 a
2691:
2674:
2673:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2623:
2619:
2611:
2607:
2601:neutron capture
2594:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2573:
2566:
2558:
2551:
2542:
2538:
2530:
2523:
2515:
2511:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2452:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2391:
2387:
2378:
2374:
2365:
2351:
2092:
1933:
1923:
1810:
1800:
1790:
1772:
1745:Actino-Uranium
1744:
1704:
1694:
1682:
1664:
1626:
1608:
1563:
1543:
1450:
1324:228.031369(14)
1252:226.029339(12)
1220:225.029385(11)
1180:224.027636(16)
1140:223.027961(63)
1100:222.026058(56)
1060:221.026323(77)
1020:219.025009(14)
978:
976:
975:
973:
942:
940:
939:
937:
934:218.023505(15)
892:
890:
889:
887:
850:
848:
847:
845:
814:
812:
811:
809:
806:216.024760(30)
763:215.026720(11)
727:
725:
724:
722:
691:
685:
681:
674:
671:
666:
663:
658:
652:
645:
624:
620:
614:
590:neutron capture
584:in response to
578:nuclear weapons
529:
527:
502:
500:
497:natural uranium
454:stable isotopes
447:
435:
406:
394:
392:
386:
382:
379:
377:
365:
359:
338:
328:
316:
309:
307:
289:
277:
270:
268:
250:
238:
231:
229:
211:
199:
192:
190:
172:
160:
153:
151:
129:
115:
110:
83:
76:
69:abundance
44:
40:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7856:
7854:
7846:
7845:
7840:
7835:
7825:
7824:
7818:
7817:
7815:
7814:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7793:
7787:
7784:
7783:
7779:
7778:
7770:
7759:
7757:
7749:
7738:
7736:
7728:
7717:
7715:
7707:
7696:
7694:
7686:
7675:
7673:
7665:
7654:
7652:
7644:
7633:
7631:
7623:
7612:
7610:
7602:
7591:
7589:
7581:
7570:
7568:
7560:
7549:
7547:
7539:
7528:
7526:
7518:
7507:
7505:
7497:
7486:
7484:
7477:
7474:
7473:
7470:
7462:
7451:
7449:
7441:
7430:
7428:
7420:
7409:
7407:
7399:
7388:
7386:
7378:
7367:
7365:
7357:
7346:
7344:
7336:
7325:
7323:
7315:
7304:
7302:
7294:
7283:
7281:
7273:
7262:
7260:
7252:
7241:
7239:
7231:
7220:
7218:
7210:
7199:
7197:
7189:
7178:
7176:
7169:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7161:
7158:
7157:
7149:
7138:
7136:
7128:
7117:
7115:
7107:
7106:
7098:
7087:
7085:
7077:
7066:
7064:
7056:
7045:
7043:
7035:
7024:
7022:
7014:
7003:
7001:
6993:
6982:
6980:
6972:
6961:
6959:
6951:
6940:
6938:
6930:
6919:
6917:
6909:
6898:
6896:
6888:
6877:
6875:
6867:
6856:
6854:
6846:
6835:
6833:
6825:
6814:
6812:
6804:
6793:
6791:
6783:
6772:
6770:
6763:
6755:
6744:
6742:
6734:
6723:
6721:
6713:
6712:
6704:
6693:
6691:
6683:
6672:
6670:
6662:
6651:
6649:
6641:
6630:
6628:
6620:
6609:
6607:
6599:
6588:
6586:
6578:
6567:
6565:
6557:
6546:
6544:
6536:
6525:
6523:
6515:
6504:
6502:
6494:
6483:
6481:
6473:
6462:
6460:
6452:
6441:
6439:
6431:
6420:
6418:
6410:
6399:
6397:
6389:
6378:
6376:
6369:
6361:
6350:
6348:
6340:
6329:
6327:
6319:
6318:
6310:
6299:
6297:
6289:
6278:
6276:
6268:
6257:
6255:
6247:
6236:
6234:
6226:
6215:
6213:
6205:
6194:
6192:
6184:
6173:
6171:
6163:
6152:
6150:
6142:
6131:
6129:
6121:
6110:
6108:
6100:
6089:
6087:
6079:
6068:
6066:
6058:
6047:
6045:
6037:
6026:
6024:
6016:
6005:
6003:
5995:
5984:
5982:
5980:
5972:
5961:
5959:
5951:
5940:
5938:
5930:
5929:
5921:
5910:
5908:
5900:
5889:
5887:
5879:
5868:
5866:
5858:
5847:
5845:
5837:
5826:
5824:
5816:
5805:
5803:
5795:
5784:
5782:
5774:
5763:
5761:
5753:
5742:
5740:
5732:
5721:
5719:
5711:
5700:
5698:
5690:
5679:
5677:
5669:
5658:
5656:
5648:
5637:
5635:
5627:
5616:
5614:
5606:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5583:
5572:
5570:
5562:
5551:
5549:
5541:
5540:
5532:
5521:
5519:
5511:
5500:
5498:
5490:
5479:
5477:
5469:
5458:
5456:
5448:
5437:
5435:
5427:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5404:
5393:
5391:
5383:
5372:
5370:
5362:
5361:
5353:
5342:
5340:
5332:
5321:
5319:
5311:
5300:
5298:
5290:
5279:
5277:
5269:
5258:
5256:
5248:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5225:
5214:
5212:
5204:
5193:
5191:
5183:
5182:
5174:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5151:
5140:
5138:
5130:
5129:
5126:
5123:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5109:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5086:
5085:alkali metals
5081:
5073:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4931:
4923:
4922:
4895:(13): 132502.
4874:
4846:
4834:
4822:
4793:(7): 371–376.
4773:
4754:(1): 144–150.
4738:
4723:
4690:
4675:
4654:
4612:
4590:
4572:
4546:
4524:
4502:
4450:(15): 152502.
4430:
4408:
4391:
4378:
4341:
4324:
4303:
4276:
4238:
4188:
4142:
4106:
4079:
4038:
3991:
3946:(15): 152502.
3929:
3902:
3880:
3844:
3826:
3799:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3734:
3731:
3704:
3701:
3680:neutron energy
3670:and after two
3644:Main article:
3641:
3638:
3634:Yoshio Nishina
3618:
3615:
3596:Main article:
3593:
3590:
3543:chain reaction
3524:Main article:
3521:
3518:
3453:alpha emission
3379:Main article:
3376:
3373:
3318:Main article:
3315:
3312:
3280:Main article:
3277:
3274:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3244:neutron poison
3240:
3233:
3227:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3077:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3033:32–76 ka
3031:
3026:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2928:
2926:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2776:
2774:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2738:
2729:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2697:
2686:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2649:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2626:
2617:
2605:
2588:
2579:
2564:
2549:
2536:
2521:
2509:
2497:
2485:
2476:
2464:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2407:
2398:
2385:
2381:nuclear isomer
2371:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2333:16.8(0.5) min
2331:
2330:242.06296(10)
2328:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2098:SF (5.44×10%)
2095:
2094:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2077:4.468(3)×10 y
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1929:CD (≤2.0×10%)
1926:
1925:
1920:
1919:CD (≤2.0×10%)
1916:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1892:
1889:
1888:2.342(3)×10 y
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1757:7.038(1)×10 y
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1670:SF (1.64×10%)
1667:
1666:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:2.455(6)×10 y
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1604:CD (≤7.2×10%)
1601:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1585:1.592(2)×10 y
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1443:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1410:20.23(0.02) d
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1370:57.8(0.5) min
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1002:
998:
997:
995:
993:
990:
987:
984:
971:
968:
966:
962:
961:
959:
957:
954:
951:
948:
935:
932:
929:
926:
924:
920:
919:
916:
912:
911:
909:
907:
904:
901:
898:
885:
882:
879:
876:
874:
870:
869:
867:
865:
862:
859:
856:
843:
840:
838:
834:
833:
831:
829:
826:
823:
820:
807:
804:
801:
798:
796:
792:
791:
788:
781:
780:
778:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
753:
749:
748:
746:
744:
741:
738:
733:
720:
718:
715:
712:
710:
706:
705:
702:
699:
695:
694:
686:
675:
667:
659:
653:
640:
633:
626:
621:
613:
610:
594:chain reaction
547:uranium series
445:
437:
436:
434:
433:
426:
419:
411:
408:
407:
405:
404:
390:
374:
372:
369:
368:
363:
353:
352:
349:
348:
343:
335:
334:
331:
325:
324:
319:
314:
305:
302:
296:
295:
292:
286:
285:
280:
275:
266:
263:
257:
256:
253:
247:
246:
241:
236:
227:
224:
218:
217:
214:
208:
207:
202:
197:
188:
185:
179:
178:
175:
169:
168:
163:
158:
149:
144:
138:
137:
134:
126:
125:
120:
113:
108:
103:
97:
96:
91:
86:
81:
71:
66:
63:
62:
57:
56:Main isotopes
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7855:
7844:
7841:
7839:
7836:
7834:
7831:
7830:
7828:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7788:
7785:
7775:
7774:
7767:
7763:
7758:
7754:
7753:
7746:
7742:
7737:
7733:
7732:
7725:
7721:
7716:
7712:
7711:
7704:
7700:
7695:
7691:
7690:
7683:
7679:
7674:
7670:
7669:
7662:
7658:
7653:
7649:
7648:
7641:
7637:
7632:
7628:
7627:
7620:
7616:
7611:
7607:
7606:
7599:
7595:
7590:
7586:
7585:
7578:
7574:
7569:
7565:
7564:
7557:
7553:
7548:
7544:
7543:
7536:
7532:
7527:
7523:
7522:
7515:
7511:
7506:
7502:
7501:
7494:
7490:
7485:
7478:
7475:
7471:
7467:
7466:
7459:
7455:
7450:
7446:
7445:
7438:
7434:
7429:
7425:
7424:
7417:
7413:
7408:
7404:
7403:
7396:
7392:
7387:
7383:
7382:
7375:
7371:
7366:
7362:
7361:
7354:
7350:
7345:
7341:
7340:
7333:
7329:
7324:
7320:
7319:
7312:
7308:
7303:
7299:
7298:
7291:
7287:
7282:
7278:
7277:
7270:
7266:
7261:
7257:
7256:
7249:
7245:
7240:
7236:
7235:
7228:
7224:
7219:
7215:
7214:
7207:
7203:
7198:
7194:
7193:
7186:
7182:
7177:
7170:
7168:
7166:
7164:
7163:
7159:
7154:
7153:
7146:
7142:
7137:
7133:
7132:
7125:
7121:
7116:
7113:
7109:
7108:
7103:
7102:
7095:
7091:
7086:
7082:
7081:
7074:
7070:
7065:
7061:
7060:
7053:
7049:
7044:
7040:
7039:
7032:
7028:
7023:
7019:
7018:
7011:
7007:
7002:
6998:
6997:
6990:
6986:
6981:
6977:
6976:
6969:
6965:
6960:
6956:
6955:
6948:
6944:
6939:
6935:
6934:
6927:
6923:
6918:
6914:
6913:
6906:
6902:
6897:
6893:
6892:
6885:
6881:
6876:
6872:
6871:
6864:
6860:
6855:
6851:
6850:
6843:
6839:
6834:
6830:
6829:
6822:
6818:
6813:
6809:
6808:
6801:
6797:
6792:
6788:
6787:
6780:
6776:
6771:
6764:
6760:
6759:
6752:
6748:
6743:
6739:
6738:
6731:
6727:
6722:
6719:
6715:
6714:
6709:
6708:
6701:
6697:
6692:
6688:
6687:
6680:
6676:
6671:
6667:
6666:
6659:
6655:
6650:
6646:
6645:
6638:
6634:
6629:
6625:
6624:
6617:
6613:
6608:
6604:
6603:
6596:
6592:
6587:
6583:
6582:
6575:
6571:
6566:
6562:
6561:
6554:
6550:
6545:
6541:
6540:
6533:
6529:
6524:
6520:
6519:
6512:
6508:
6503:
6499:
6498:
6491:
6487:
6482:
6478:
6477:
6470:
6466:
6461:
6457:
6456:
6449:
6445:
6440:
6436:
6435:
6428:
6424:
6419:
6415:
6414:
6407:
6403:
6398:
6394:
6393:
6386:
6382:
6377:
6370:
6366:
6365:
6358:
6354:
6349:
6345:
6344:
6337:
6333:
6328:
6325:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6314:
6307:
6303:
6298:
6294:
6293:
6286:
6282:
6277:
6273:
6272:
6265:
6261:
6256:
6252:
6251:
6244:
6240:
6235:
6231:
6230:
6223:
6219:
6214:
6210:
6209:
6202:
6198:
6193:
6189:
6188:
6181:
6177:
6172:
6168:
6167:
6160:
6156:
6151:
6147:
6146:
6139:
6135:
6130:
6126:
6125:
6118:
6114:
6109:
6105:
6104:
6097:
6093:
6088:
6084:
6083:
6076:
6072:
6067:
6063:
6062:
6055:
6051:
6046:
6042:
6041:
6034:
6030:
6025:
6021:
6020:
6013:
6009:
6004:
6000:
5999:
5992:
5988:
5983:
5981:
5977:
5976:
5969:
5965:
5960:
5956:
5955:
5948:
5944:
5939:
5936:
5932:
5931:
5926:
5925:
5918:
5914:
5909:
5905:
5904:
5897:
5893:
5888:
5884:
5883:
5876:
5872:
5867:
5863:
5862:
5855:
5851:
5846:
5842:
5841:
5834:
5830:
5825:
5821:
5820:
5813:
5809:
5804:
5800:
5799:
5792:
5788:
5783:
5779:
5778:
5771:
5767:
5762:
5758:
5757:
5750:
5746:
5741:
5737:
5736:
5729:
5725:
5720:
5716:
5715:
5708:
5704:
5699:
5695:
5694:
5687:
5683:
5678:
5674:
5673:
5666:
5662:
5657:
5653:
5652:
5645:
5641:
5636:
5632:
5631:
5624:
5620:
5615:
5611:
5610:
5603:
5599:
5594:
5592:
5588:
5587:
5580:
5576:
5571:
5567:
5566:
5559:
5555:
5550:
5547:
5543:
5542:
5537:
5536:
5529:
5525:
5520:
5516:
5515:
5508:
5504:
5499:
5495:
5494:
5487:
5483:
5478:
5474:
5473:
5466:
5462:
5457:
5453:
5452:
5445:
5441:
5436:
5432:
5431:
5424:
5420:
5415:
5409:
5408:
5401:
5397:
5392:
5388:
5387:
5380:
5376:
5371:
5368:
5364:
5363:
5358:
5357:
5350:
5346:
5341:
5337:
5336:
5329:
5325:
5320:
5316:
5315:
5308:
5304:
5299:
5295:
5294:
5287:
5283:
5278:
5274:
5273:
5266:
5262:
5257:
5253:
5252:
5245:
5241:
5236:
5230:
5229:
5222:
5218:
5213:
5209:
5208:
5201:
5197:
5192:
5189:
5185:
5184:
5179:
5178:
5171:
5167:
5162:
5156:
5155:
5148:
5144:
5139:
5136:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5092:
5090:earth metals
5087:
5082:
5079:
5075:
5074:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4952:
4947:
4945:
4940:
4938:
4933:
4932:
4929:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4878:
4875:
4864:
4860:
4853:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4838:
4835:
4831:
4826:
4823:
4818:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4777:
4774:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4742:
4739:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4705:
4704:
4697:
4695:
4691:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4676:0-8493-6081-1
4672:
4668:
4661:
4659:
4655:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4635:(3): 030001.
4634:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4613:
4608:
4601:
4594:
4591:
4587:. 2011-12-14.
4586:
4582:
4576:
4573:
4560:
4556:
4555:"Uranium 232"
4550:
4547:
4534:
4528:
4525:
4512:
4506:
4503:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4441:
4434:
4431:
4418:
4412:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4388:
4382:
4379:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4345:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4280:
4277:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4257:
4252:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4189:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4146:
4143:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4111:
4107:
4102:
4098:
4095:(6): 581–97.
4094:
4090:
4083:
4080:
4067:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4042:
4039:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4011:(2): 024305.
4010:
4006:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3933:
3930:
3925:
3921:
3918:(3): 030003.
3917:
3913:
3906:
3903:
3890:
3884:
3881:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3848:
3845:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3812:
3811:
3803:
3800:
3795:
3791:
3788:(3): 030001.
3787:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3741:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3727:plutonium-239
3723:
3721:
3720:neptunium-239
3717:
3713:
3709:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3677:
3676:plutonium-239
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3647:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3626:neptunium-237
3623:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3570:cross section
3567:
3563:
3562:million years
3559:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3527:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3514:cross section
3511:
3510:neptunium-239
3507:
3506:plutonium-239
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3482:
3481:—becoming U.
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3449:plutonium-238
3446:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3382:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3369:neptunium-236
3366:
3365:plutonium-241
3362:
3361:plutonium-239
3358:
3354:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3336:, it becomes
3335:
3330:
3327:
3321:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3288:thorium cycle
3283:
3275:
3273:
3267:
3263:
3255:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3186:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3174:
3166:
3164:
3163:15–24 Ma
3161:
3154:
3152:
3146:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3119:
3118:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3076:
3070:
3057:
3052:
3036:
3032:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3014:24.1 ka
3013:
3006:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2995:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2957:
2953:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2905:
2903:
2891:
2890:
2872:
2869:
2857:
2851:
2833:
2830:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2639:
2630:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2545:decay product
2543:Intermediate
2540:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:Cluster decay
2421:
2418:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2300:241.06031(5)
2299:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2267:
2264:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2227:
2224:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2082:
2079:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1978:
1975:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1911:SF (9.6×10%)
1910:
1909:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1762:
1759:
1743:Actin Uranium
1740:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:33.5(2.0) ms
1717:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1680:
1678:CD (1.4×10%)
1677:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1654:
1651:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1590:
1587:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1521:
1518:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1479:
1476:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1415:
1412:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1375:
1372:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1332:
1329:
1327:9.1(0.2) min
1311:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1292:
1289:
1287:1.1(0.1) min
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1188:
1185:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1148:
1145:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1108:
1105:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1068:
1065:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1028:
1025:
1007:
1003:
1000:
999:
988:
985:
963:
960:
958:
955:
952:
949:
936:
933:
930:
927:
925:
922:
921:
917:
914:
913:
902:
899:
871:
868:
866:
863:
860:
857:
844:
839:
836:
835:
832:
830:
827:
824:
821:
808:
805:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
789:
786:
783:
782:
771:
768:
750:
747:
745:
742:
739:
737:
734:
721:
719:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
703:
700:
696:
690:
684:
679:
673:
665:
657:
649:
644:
643:Isotopic mass
639:
638:
632:
631:
617:
611:
609:
607:
606:plutonium-239
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
570:
569:bombardment.
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:alpha emitter
539:
537:
532:10 years
525:
524:radioisotopes
521:
517:
513:
508:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
479:
478:decay product
475:
474:Earth's crust
471:
467:
463:
459:
456:. It has two
455:
451:
443:
432:
427:
425:
420:
418:
413:
412:
409:
402:
391:
376:
375:
373:
370:
362:
358:
354:
347:
344:
341:
337:
336:
332:
327:
326:
323:
320:
315:
301:
297:
293:
288:
287:
284:
281:
276:
262:
258:
254:
249:
248:
245:
242:
237:
223:
219:
215:
210:
209:
206:
203:
198:
184:
180:
176:
171:
170:
167:
164:
159:
148:
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
114:
107:
102:
98:
95:
94:product
92:
90:
87:
80:
75:
72:
70:
67:
65:
64:
61:
54:
50:
38:
34:
19:
7795:Categories:
7771:
7750:
7729:
7708:
7687:
7666:
7645:
7624:
7603:
7582:
7561:
7551:
7540:
7519:
7498:
7463:
7442:
7421:
7400:
7379:
7358:
7337:
7316:
7295:
7274:
7253:
7232:
7211:
7190:
7150:
7129:
7099:
7078:
7057:
7036:
7015:
6994:
6973:
6952:
6931:
6910:
6889:
6868:
6847:
6826:
6805:
6784:
6756:
6735:
6705:
6684:
6663:
6642:
6621:
6600:
6579:
6558:
6537:
6516:
6495:
6474:
6453:
6432:
6411:
6390:
6362:
6341:
6311:
6290:
6269:
6248:
6227:
6206:
6185:
6164:
6143:
6122:
6101:
6080:
6059:
6038:
6017:
5996:
5973:
5952:
5922:
5901:
5880:
5859:
5838:
5817:
5796:
5775:
5754:
5733:
5712:
5691:
5670:
5649:
5628:
5607:
5584:
5563:
5533:
5512:
5491:
5470:
5449:
5428:
5405:
5384:
5354:
5333:
5312:
5291:
5270:
5249:
5226:
5205:
5175:
5152:
5128:Noble gases
5083:Hydrogen and
4892:
4888:
4877:
4866:. Retrieved
4862:
4841:
4837:
4829:
4825:
4790:
4786:
4776:
4751:
4747:
4741:
4710:
4702:
4666:
4632:
4628:
4615:
4606:
4593:
4584:
4575:
4563:. Retrieved
4549:
4537:. Retrieved
4527:
4515:. Retrieved
4505:
4493:. Retrieved
4447:
4443:
4433:
4421:. Retrieved
4411:
4394:
4381:
4354:
4350:
4344:
4327:
4319:
4306:
4295:. Retrieved
4289:
4279:
4268:. Retrieved
4254:
4208:
4204:
4191:
4156:
4152:
4145:
4134:the original
4129:
4125:
4092:
4088:
4082:
4070:. Retrieved
4056:
4052:
4041:
4008:
4004:
3943:
3939:
3932:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3893:. Retrieved
3883:
3858:
3847:
3829:
3818:. Retrieved
3809:
3802:
3785:
3781:
3744:
3738:
3736:
3724:
3707:
3706:
3685:
3649:
3621:
3620:
3611:nuclear fuel
3602:
3601:
3555:
3529:
3483:
3457:
3445:ion-exchange
3430:
3418:alpha decays
3415:
3395:alpha decays
3384:
3350:
3331:
3323:
3285:
3259:
3190:
3109:1.33 Ma
2909:
2871:29–97 a
2832:10–29 a
2742:
2733:
2724:
2716:
2629:
2620:
2608:
2591:
2582:
2561:radionuclide
2539:
2512:
2500:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2410:
2401:
2393:
2388:
2375:
2352:
2262:14.1(0.1) h
2132:
2131:
1895:
1894:
1876:Thoruranium
1831:
1830:
1824:25.7(1) min
1700:CD (≤9×10%)
1691:
1688:CD (≤9×10%)
1560:
1540:
1516:68.9(0.4) y
1451:
1445:
1103:4.7(0.7) μs
1063:0.66(14) μs
766:1.4(0.9) ms
636:
629:
571:
540:
509:
440:
360:
78:
4404:quadrillion
3745:uranium-241
3733:Uranium-241
3716:beta decays
3708:Uranium-239
3703:Uranium-239
3697:uranium-232
3693:uranium-233
3689:uranium-234
3672:beta decays
3646:Uranium-238
3640:Uranium-238
3622:Uranium-237
3617:Uranium-237
3603:Uranium-236
3598:Uranium-236
3592:Uranium-236
3586:uranium-236
3580:. For fast
3532:uranium-238
3526:Uranium-235
3520:Uranium-235
3502:uranium-238
3463:uranium-235
3422:thorium-230
3407:beta decays
3399:thorium-234
3381:Uranium-234
3375:Uranium-234
3357:uranium-235
3353:uranium-234
3342:beta decays
3338:thorium-233
3326:thorium-232
3320:Uranium-233
3314:Uranium-233
3282:Uranium-232
3276:Uranium-232
3270:0.5 ms
3256:Uranium-214
3187:80 Ma
2755:<0.001%
2752:0.04–1.25%
2684:decay chain
2559:Primordial
2472:Bold symbol
2222:>250 ns
2196:780(40) ns
2128:IT (97.4%)
2013:6.752(2) d
1854:3.6(18) ms
1806:CD (8×10%)
1796:CD (8×10%)
1786:CD (8×10%)
1778:SF (7×10%)
1637:Uranium II
1474:4.2(0.1) d
1183:396(17) μs
563:thorium-232
534:(about the
520:radioactive
485:uranium-233
481:uranium-234
466:uranium-235
462:uranium-238
450:radioactive
111:68.9 y
7827:Categories
4868:2023-04-10
4713:. Vienna:
4457:2101.06023
4357:(2): 299.
4297:2023-04-12
4270:2023-04-12
4166:2312.17041
3953:2101.06023
3820:2014-08-06
3751:References
3630:beta decay
3549:that is a
2772:4–6 a
2228:(various)
2150:(various)
2147:SF (2.6%)
2125:280(6) ns
2109:(2.2×10%)
2101:(various)
2065:Uranium I
2042:155(6) ns
1994:(various)
1973:120(2) ns
1947:100(4) ns
1914:(various)
1860:(various)
1781:(various)
1673:(various)
1622:CD ?
1617:(various)
1614:SF ?
1552:(various)
1537:(8.9×10%)
1492:α (.004%)
1442:(4.8×10%)
1434:(various)
1330:α (97.5%)
1255:269(6) ms
1143:65(12) μs
470:half-lives
4917:257976576
4733:1684-2073
4607:Ornl-6952
4490:231627674
4316:radon-222
4265:0971-751X
4256:The Hindu
4233:257976576
4183:2469-9985
4033:251359451
4025:2469-9985
3986:231627674
3875:1365-3075
3662:, but is
3572:for slow
3560:of 703.8
3558:half-life
3437:chemistry
3403:half-life
3391:half-life
3242:þ,
3229:ƒ,
2912:half-life
2689:Half-life
2680:Actinides
2093:0.992752
2091:0.992739–
1991:SF (13%)
1976:IT (87%)
1773:0.007207
1771:0.007198–
1665:0.000059
1663:0.000050–
1549:SF (10%)
1223:62(4) ms
1023:60(7) μs
970:2117 keV
842:2206 keV
656:Half-life
366:°(U)
312:10 y
273:10 y
234:10 y
195:10 y
156:10 y
74:half-life
7797:Isotopes
7762:Isotopes
7741:Isotopes
7720:Isotopes
7699:Isotopes
7678:Isotopes
7657:Isotopes
7636:Isotopes
7615:Isotopes
7594:Isotopes
7573:Isotopes
7552:Isotopes
7531:Isotopes
7510:Isotopes
7489:Isotopes
7454:Isotopes
7433:Isotopes
7412:Isotopes
7391:Isotopes
7370:Isotopes
7349:Isotopes
7328:Isotopes
7307:Isotopes
7286:Isotopes
7265:Isotopes
7244:Isotopes
7223:Isotopes
7202:Isotopes
7181:Isotopes
7141:Isotopes
7120:Isotopes
7112:⑧
7090:Isotopes
7069:Isotopes
7048:Isotopes
7027:Isotopes
7006:Isotopes
6985:Isotopes
6964:Isotopes
6943:Isotopes
6922:Isotopes
6901:Isotopes
6880:Isotopes
6859:Isotopes
6838:Isotopes
6817:Isotopes
6796:Isotopes
6775:Isotopes
6747:Isotopes
6726:Isotopes
6718:⑦
6696:Isotopes
6675:Isotopes
6654:Isotopes
6633:Isotopes
6612:Isotopes
6591:Isotopes
6570:Isotopes
6549:Isotopes
6528:Isotopes
6507:Isotopes
6486:Isotopes
6465:Isotopes
6444:Isotopes
6423:Isotopes
6402:Isotopes
6381:Isotopes
6353:Isotopes
6332:Isotopes
6324:⑥
6302:Isotopes
6281:Isotopes
6260:Isotopes
6239:Isotopes
6218:Isotopes
6197:Isotopes
6176:Isotopes
6155:Isotopes
6134:Isotopes
6113:Isotopes
6092:Isotopes
6071:Isotopes
6050:Isotopes
6029:Isotopes
6008:Isotopes
5987:Isotopes
5964:Isotopes
5943:Isotopes
5935:⑤
5913:Isotopes
5892:Isotopes
5871:Isotopes
5850:Isotopes
5829:Isotopes
5808:Isotopes
5787:Isotopes
5766:Isotopes
5745:Isotopes
5724:Isotopes
5703:Isotopes
5682:Isotopes
5661:Isotopes
5640:Isotopes
5619:Isotopes
5598:Isotopes
5575:Isotopes
5554:Isotopes
5546:④
5524:Isotopes
5503:Isotopes
5482:Isotopes
5461:Isotopes
5440:Isotopes
5419:Isotopes
5396:Isotopes
5375:Isotopes
5367:③
5345:Isotopes
5324:Isotopes
5303:Isotopes
5282:Isotopes
5261:Isotopes
5240:Isotopes
5217:Isotopes
5196:Isotopes
5188:②
5166:Isotopes
5143:Isotopes
5135:①
5088:Alkaline
4958:Isotopes
4909:37067317
4863:phys.org
4817:21785255
4717:. 2009.
4685:89-25332
4559:Archived
4482:33929212
4312:polonium
4291:Phys.org
4225:37067317
3978:33929212
3895:14 March
3582:neutrons
3534:, it is
3484:U has a
3475:neutrons
3306:that is
2574:Used in
2531:Used in
2516:Used in
2303:~40 min
1431: ?
1388:α (20%)
1373:β (80%)
982: μs
946: μs
896: ms
854: ms
818: ms
731: ms
670:Daughter
623:Historic
598:critical
551:lead-206
512:isotopes
401:abridged
33:Isotopes
7838:Uranium
7764:
7743:
7722:
7701:
7680:
7659:
7638:
7617:
7596:
7575:
7554:
7533:
7512:
7491:
7472:
7456:
7435:
7414:
7393:
7372:
7351:
7330:
7309:
7288:
7267:
7246:
7225:
7204:
7183:
7143:
7122:
7092:
7071:
7050:
7029:
7008:
6987:
6966:
6945:
6924:
6903:
6882:
6861:
6840:
6819:
6798:
6777:
6749:
6728:
6698:
6677:
6656:
6635:
6614:
6593:
6572:
6551:
6530:
6509:
6488:
6467:
6446:
6425:
6404:
6383:
6355:
6334:
6304:
6283:
6262:
6241:
6220:
6199:
6178:
6157:
6136:
6115:
6094:
6073:
6052:
6031:
6010:
5989:
5966:
5945:
5915:
5894:
5873:
5852:
5831:
5810:
5789:
5768:
5747:
5726:
5705:
5684:
5663:
5642:
5621:
5600:
5577:
5556:
5526:
5505:
5484:
5463:
5442:
5421:
5398:
5377:
5347:
5326:
5305:
5284:
5263:
5242:
5219:
5198:
5168:
5145:
4991:
4960:of the
4808:3171289
4756:Bibcode
4637:Bibcode
4462:Bibcode
4359:Bibcode
4072:24 June
3958:Bibcode
3841:. 1999.
3668:neutron
3664:fertile
3660:fissile
3656:uranium
3652:isotope
3540:fission
3536:fissile
3471:fissile
3441:physics
3387:million
3334:neutron
3308:fissile
3262:Lanzhou
3231:fissile
2749:4.5–7%
2692:range (
1379:(3/2+)
1348:(2.5%)
1296:(3/2+)
1072:(9/2+)
1032:(9/2+)
906:(1/2−)
672:isotope
619:Nuclide
602:fertile
582:fissile
567:neutron
501:238.028
442:Uranium
399: (
378:238.028
226:0.720%
187:0.005%
37:uranium
5078:Period
4915:
4907:
4815:
4805:
4731:
4721:
4683:
4673:
4565:3 June
4539:15 May
4517:15 May
4495:15 May
4488:
4480:
4423:15 May
4406:years.
4263:
4231:
4223:
4181:
4031:
4023:
3984:
3976:
3873:
3695:, and
3504:is to
3239:(NORM)
2394:σ
2312:7/2+#
2274:Trace
2181:Trace
2027:Trace
1904:Trace
1597:Trace
1483:5/2+#
1232:5/2+#
1152:7/2+#
775:5/2−#
683:parity
553:. The
528:4.4683
476:. The
393:238.03
304:99.3%
265:trace
39:
4976:Group
4913:S2CID
4707:(PDF)
4625:(PDF)
4603:(PDF)
4486:S2CID
4452:arXiv
4229:S2CID
4201:(PDF)
4161:arXiv
4137:(PDF)
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