146:. His character was regarded as Ninurta-like, with an emphasis on the role of a farming deity, as evidenced by explanatory texts referring to him as "Ninurta of the hoe," "of the calendar" or "of the tenant farmer." In a late commentary (KAR 142), he is a member of a group labeled as "seven Ninurtas." Another late text describes him as "
204:
Urash's sukkal was Ipte-bit(am), whose name means "he opened the house." A deity bearing the name Ipte-bita also occurs as one of the two "Daughters of E-ibbi-Anum" in a late text, alongside Belet-Eanni. Based on the fact that analogous pairs of "Daughters of Esagil" and "Daughters of Ezida" are
278:
rulers bearing the name
Kurigalzu left behind an inscription according to which he built E-ibbi-Anum, in which he addresses Urash as the "foremost lord" and "counselor of heaven and earth." It is presently difficult to determine why the king declared he built a new temple rather than repaired a
166:. Evidence for the worship of the latter is uncommon, and unlike the god of Dilbat she was chiefly a cosmogonic deity. A connection nonetheless existed between Anu and the male Urash, as exemplified by the reference to the former in the name of the latter's main temple, E-ibbi-Anum, and
188:
Deities regarded as his children include Nanaya, sometimes called his firstborn daughter, and
Lagamal. A temple dedicated to Lagamal was located in Dilbat, and displays of personal devotion, such as using the formula "servant of Lagamal," are common in documents from this location. In a
181:(though not in any other sources) his spouse is instead Nin-uru, "lady of the city," perhaps to be identified with Belet-ali, whose name has the same meaning in Akkadian, though the latter name has also been interpreted as an epithet of the rainbow goddess
313:
times, though the inhabitants of the city lost any religiously motivated privileges (such as tax exemptions) they might have enjoyed earlier and one administrative document even mentions some of them were brought to former
251:. His main temple was E-ibbi-Anum, "Anu has called it into being." Temple names labeling one deity as the creator of the temple of another are unusual, with only one more example attested in cuneiform texts,
349:, appears to describe how Marduk created plant life for Urash. It is possible that it was composed earlier, in the Old Babylonian or Kassite period, and that it had its origin in Dilbat.
279:
preexisting one, as there is evidence Dilbat had a temple of Urash bearing the same name in the Old
Babylonian period already. Haider Oraibi Almamori and Alexa Bartlemus assume that
359:
by
Wilfred G. Lambert, Urash is mentioned as one of the ten gods who received specific cities as their domains after Marduk's ascension to the throne of Anu.
259:
is its builder") whose location, as well as the deity it was dedicated to, remain unknown. He and his temple in Dilbat are mentioned in a year name of the
991:
912:
827:
1049:
883:
814:
213:
that these pairs of goddesses were imagined as maidservants in the household of the major deity or deities of a given temple.
104:
1074:
1069:
816:
Goddesses in
Context: On Divine Powers, Roles, Relationships and Gender in Mesopotamian Textual and Visual Sources
260:
248:
167:
235:, though his name could also be rendered as NIN.URTA. By extension it could also designate the
1045:
1022:
997:
987:
908:
889:
879:
823:
801:
310:
303:
268:
143:
793:
299:
236:
217:
210:
182:
159:
20:
209:
and of Nanaya respectively, specifically as their hairdressers, it has been proposed by
130:
Urash occasionally appears in myths, though they only survive in small, late fragments.
190:
1063:
1010:
111:. He was an agricultural god, and in that capacity he was frequently associated with
298:
Later rulers who left behind inscriptions pertaining to Urash's E-ibbi-Anum include
322:
284:
929:
232:
88:
1011:"A babylonian official at Tilmen Höyük in the time of king Sumu-la-el of Babylon"
965:
947:
902:
857:
838:
280:
220:
and Nippur god lists Urash occurs in the proximity of deities such as
Ninurta,
904:
Wisdom, Gods and
Literature: Studies in Assyriology in Honour of W. G. Lambert
354:
1026:
1001:
805:
19:
This article is about the tutelary god of Dilbat. For the earth goddess, see
893:
797:
784:
Almamori, Haider Oraibi; Bartelmus, Alexa (2021). "New Light on Dilbat".
275:
228:
206:
174:
198:
120:
116:
112:
326:
288:
264:
221:
147:
124:
108:
44:
652:
650:
387:
385:
383:
334:
330:
292:
345:
A myth only known from a single poorly preserved tablet from Ur,
315:
256:
194:
139:
123:, who like him was associated with Dilbat, and the love goddess
138:
Urash was the tutelary god of Dilbat, modern Tell al-Deylam in
901:
George, Andrew R. (2000). "Four Temple
Rituals from Babylon".
163:
786:
Zeitschrift für
Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie
321:
In addition to Dilbat, Urash was also worshiped in
Babylon,
529:
527:
525:
404:
402:
400:
667:
665:
231:
sources, the logogram URAŠ designates the vegetation god
158:
The god Urash worshiped in Dilbat was not the same as
605:
545:
432:
318:
territory under Persian control as forced labourers.
173:
Urash's wife was Ninegal, in Dilbat associated with
876:
House most high: the temples of ancient Mesopotamia
813:Asher-Greve, Julia M.; Westenholz, Joan G. (2013).
480:
287:, based on similarities with his inscriptions from
170:assumes they were likely viewed as father and son.
84:
79:
71:
63:
55:
50:
40:
28:
731:
719:
707:
695:
683:
656:
581:
569:
391:
374:
185:, who was connected to the well-being of cities.
837:Cavigneaux, Antoine; Krebernik, Manfred (1998),
283:is more likely to be the ruler in mention than
119:, while his children were the underworld deity
309:Urash was still worshiped in Dilbat in early
8:
1009:Marchesi, Gianni; Marchetti, Nicoló (2019).
593:
247:Oldest attestations of Urash come from the
267:. He is referenced in the prologue to the
201:he appears right after Urash and Ninegal.
743:
533:
504:
444:
408:
352:In another late fragmentary myth, titled
1042:Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia
767:
755:
671:
641:
629:
557:
516:
492:
468:
456:
420:
367:
856:Behrens, Herman; Klein, Jacob (1998),
792:(2). Walter de Gruyter GmbH: 174–190.
617:
25:
986:. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns.
7:
205:identified as members of courts of
14:
966:"Manziʾat/Mazziʾat/Mazzât/Mazzêt"
606:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
546:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
433:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
291:, where he built a new temple of
481:Cavigneaux & Krebernik 1998
154:Associations with other deities
107:who was the tutelary deity of
1:
732:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
720:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
708:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
696:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
684:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
657:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
582:Marchesi & Marchetti 2019
570:Marchesi & Marchetti 2019
392:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
375:Almamori & Bartelmus 2021
239:Tashmishu, equated with him.
982:Lambert, Wilfred G. (2013).
970:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
964:Lambert, Wilfred G. (1987),
952:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
946:Lambert, Wilfred G. (1983),
934:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
878:. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns.
862:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
843:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
337:, Nippur and Tell Egraineh.
193:god list from the temple of
928:Krebernik, Manfred (2014),
177:. However, in the god list
115:. His wife was the goddess
1091:
874:George, Andrew R. (1993).
18:
984:Babylonian creation myths
33:
594:Behrens & Klein 1998
1040:Taracha, Piotr (2009).
224:, Ninegal and Lagamal.
798:10.1515/za-2021-2002
746:, pp. 405–406.
734:, pp. 174–175.
548:, pp. 127–128.
507:, pp. 404–405.
459:, pp. 311–312.
423:, pp. 264–265.
168:Wilfred G. Lambert
85:Hittite equivalent
1075:Agricultural gods
1070:Mesopotamian gods
993:978-1-57506-861-9
914:978-1-57506-004-0
829:978-3-7278-1738-0
304:Nebuchadnezzar II
269:Code of Hammurabi
144:Babil Governorate
94:
93:
41:Major cult center
1082:
1055:
1044:. Harrassowitz.
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978:
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347:Urash and Marduk
300:Ashur-etil-ilani
211:Andrew R. George
162:, the spouse of
105:Mesopotamian god
35:Agricultural god
26:
21:Uras (mythology)
16:Mesopotamian god
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907:. Eisenbrauns.
900:
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572:, pp. 5–6.
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295:, Ekurigibara.
245:
156:
136:
75:Nanaya, Lagamal
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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834:
828:
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772:
770:, p. 295.
760:
758:, p. 313.
748:
744:Krebernik 2014
736:
724:
722:, p. 176.
712:
710:, p. 183.
700:
698:, p. 186.
688:
686:, p. 182.
676:
674:, p. 311.
661:
659:, p. 175.
646:
644:, p. 102.
634:
622:
620:, p. 295.
610:
608:, p. 113.
598:
596:, p. 346.
586:
574:
562:
560:, p. 419.
550:
538:
536:, p. 404.
534:Krebernik 2014
521:
519:, p. 345.
509:
505:Krebernik 2014
497:
495:, p. 346.
485:
483:, p. 618.
473:
471:, p. 312.
461:
449:
447:, p. 403.
445:Krebernik 2014
437:
435:, p. 101.
425:
413:
411:, p. 405.
409:Krebernik 2014
396:
394:, p. 184.
379:
377:, p. 174.
366:
364:
361:
342:
339:
261:Old Babylonian
244:
241:
191:neo-Babylonian
155:
152:
150:of planting."
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885:0-931464-80-3
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632:, p. 55.
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249:Ur III period
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39:
32:
27:
22:
1041:
1030:. Retrieved
1018:
1014:
983:
973:, retrieved
969:
955:, retrieved
951:
937:, retrieved
933:
918:. Retrieved
903:
875:
865:, retrieved
861:
847:, retrieved
842:
815:
789:
785:
777:Bibliography
768:Lambert 2013
763:
756:Lambert 2013
751:
739:
727:
715:
703:
691:
679:
672:Lambert 2013
642:Taracha 2009
637:
630:Taracha 2009
625:
613:
601:
589:
584:, p. 6.
577:
565:
558:Lambert 1983
553:
541:
517:Lambert 2013
512:
500:
493:Lambert 2013
488:
476:
469:Lambert 2013
464:
457:Lambert 2013
452:
440:
428:
421:Lambert 2013
416:
370:
353:
351:
346:
344:
320:
308:
297:
285:Kurigalzu II
273:
252:
246:
226:
215:
203:
187:
178:
172:
157:
137:
129:
100:
96:
95:
59:possibly Anu
1021:(1): 1–36.
858:"Ninegalla"
845:(in German)
618:George 2000
281:Kurigalzu I
274:One of the
253:E-e-a-ba-ni
80:Equivalents
1064:Categories
1032:2022-03-09
1015:Orientalia
975:2022-03-09
957:2022-03-09
939:2022-03-09
920:2022-03-07
867:2022-03-09
849:2022-03-09
363:References
355:Enmesharra
311:Achaemenid
1027:0030-5367
1002:861537250
948:"Lāgamāl"
806:0084-5299
357:'s Defeat
341:Mythology
271:as well.
255:("house,
233:Šuwaliyat
179:An = Anum
134:Functions
89:Šuwaliyat
51:Genealogy
930:"Uraš A"
894:27813103
839:"Nungal"
207:Sarpanit
103:) was a
72:Children
316:Elamite
276:Kassite
243:Worship
237:Hurrian
229:Hittite
218:Weidner
216:In the
199:Babylon
121:Lagamal
117:Ninegal
113:Ninurta
67:Ninegal
64:Consort
56:Parents
1048:
1025:
1000:
990:
911:
892:
882:
826:
804:
327:Sippar
289:Nippur
265:Sabium
222:Zababa
183:Manzat
175:Nungal
148:Marduk
125:Nanaya
109:Dilbat
45:Dilbat
820:(PDF)
335:Assur
331:Larsa
293:Enlil
263:king
160:Urash
97:Urash
29:Urash
1046:ISBN
1023:ISSN
998:OCLC
988:ISBN
909:ISBN
890:OCLC
880:ISBN
824:ISBN
802:ISSN
323:Kish
302:and
195:Nabu
140:Iraq
101:Uraš
794:doi
790:111
227:In
197:in
164:Anu
142:'s
1066::
1019:88
1017:.
1013:.
996:.
968:,
950:,
932:,
888:.
860:,
841:,
822:.
800:.
788:.
664:^
649:^
524:^
399:^
382:^
333:,
329:,
325:,
306:.
257:Ea
127:.
1054:.
1035:.
1004:.
923:.
896:.
832:.
808:.
796::
99:(
23:.
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