297:
involved in the construction of Amarna involved for the most part the administrative and religious buildings of the
Central City. Even the planned part of the city was somewhat hastily designed and assembled. Most of the city was built along an eight kilometer north–south main street, referred to today as the "Royal Road", which connected the Central City with the North City, an outlying satellite and the probable residence of the king. The king probably lived in the North Riverside Palace in the North City, a large building on the east side of the Royal Road and separate from the rest of the city, protected by a fortified wall which enclosed a complex of royal service buildings. On the opposite side of the road from the palace lay a group of some of the largest houses in the city, probably belonging to nobles who were close to the king. An administrative building containing an enormous warehouse formed the northern limit of the North City. At the southern end of the Royal Road lay the Central City, a group of temples, palaces, and administrative buildings forming the executive hub of the city. The planned buildings of the Central City can be found in an inscription on one of the
327:
soldiers, builders, sculptors and scribes having the most prominent houses. As far as the residential sections of Amarna are concerned, there is almost a complete absence of an imposed layout. Outside the corridor of the Royal Road, there were a few broad, far from straight streets running more or less north and south and joining the suburbs to the center, crossed by perpendicular, smaller streets. The houses themselves are arranged in arbitrary clusters which create distinct neighborhoods. There does not seem to be any concept of "prime location" except to be located on one of the main north–south streets, and rich and poor seemed to live side by side. Proximity to the
Central City or the Royal Road seems to have been unimportant, and there is at least one example of a royal vizier who seems to have chosen to live as far away from the king as possible.
168:, who first excavated the site, noted how the layout of the neighborhood would allow a single nightwatchman to easily guard the area. The houses all followed the same basic pattern and dimensions, and they were evenly spaced along the parallel streets. The streets were paved, and stone drainage channels built into them, leading to a central drain, allowed the disposal of dirty water from the houses. The much larger eastern quarter contained considerably larger buildings, including mansions, an "acropolis" with an attached guard building, storerooms, a few more workers' dwellings, and some buildings at the far east side whose purposes are unknown.
319:, which lay on an east–west axis and consisted of a rectangular walled area measuring 760 by 290 meters, enclosing several individual temples. Near the temples were long storehouses and priests' housing. Due east of the king's house were offices, the archives (in which the Amarna Letters were found), and police and military barracks. On the eastern outskirts of the Central City was a walled workmen's village housing the workers during the city's construction. Villas of the king's vizier's and priests sprawled along both sides of the Royal Road to the south. At the far south of the city was an unusual complex called the
126:
by straight streets. There is evidence that the town was surrounded by a wall. Remains were found in the north. Here there was also a bigger building. The east side of the settlements had an open space. The rows of houses on the east side (west of the open space) consisted of blocks with twelve houses. The single houses were small, just about 5 by 5 meters large and all built on the same plan. The rows of houses on the west side consisted of blocks of at least twenty houses, but perhaps even more. The settlement was inhabited only for about twenty years.
315:
center a huge courtyard surrounded by statues of
Akhenaten. Across the road and connected by a brick bridge lay the King's House, a small palace and residence of the king. South of the palace (on the west side of the road) was the Mansion of the Sun-disc, a religious building whose purpose is not completely understood but was likely the king's mortuary temple. In the northernmost position on the east side of the road in the Central City was the largest temple of all, the House of the Sun-disc, or the
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for the Aten my father in
Akhetaten in this place. I am making the Mansion of the Aten for the Aten my father in Akhetaten in this place. I am making the "Sunshade of Re" of the royal wife … for the Aten my father in Akhetaten in this place. I am making a House of Rejoicing for the Aten my father in
125:
were excavated remains of a settlement dating to the early Middle
Kingdom (about 2000 BC). The ancient name of the town is not known. An area of about 100 to 100 meters were uncovered, therefore, only parts of the settlements are known. The settlements consisted of at least ten rows of houses divided
314:
Some of these buildings can be identified easily by their inscriptions, but we know the names of others only through this speech. On the entire western side of the road and probably reaching down to the riverside was the Great Palace, consisting of several stone courts and halls, and housing at its
97:
and covers about 44 acres (180,000 m), a very large area for the predynastic period. The city was rebuilt three times during its inhabited life, and in at least one of its incarnations, its houses were placed very regularly along a main street. Almost all the houses follow a plan which faces
326:
Most of Amarna's housing was in two large areas north and south of the
Central City. These sprawling suburbs housed the large population needed to maintain the court and run the administration of the Central City. Residing in the suburbs was a very mixed collection of social groups, the priests,
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of the eighteenth
Dynasty built Akhetaten as the new capital city of Egypt. For the location, he chose Amarna, a fresh site on the eastern bank of the Nile, about 275 kilometers northwest of the old capital city of Thebes. After his death, the city was virtually abandoned. The degree of planning
26:
is a matter of continuous debate. Because ancient sites usually survive only in fragments, and many ancient
Egyptian cities have been continuously inhabited since their original forms, relatively little is actually understood about the general designs of Egyptian towns for any given period.
88:
culture around 6000 BC, as settlements were certainly very small, and buildings were made of perishable materials such as reeds and were not meant to be permanent structures. Sites that do survive do not show much evidence of urban planning. The earliest known predynastic settlement is at
222:
194:. The village is surrounded by a thin mudbrick wall and built around a central street. Houses were connected at the sides, sharing walls for building and space efficiency. It is possible that entire blocks of houses were covered by a single roof.
156:, it housed the workers who constructed Senusret's pyramid as well as the priests who maintained the royal funerary cult, and possibly even the king himself. The village was apparently only fully inhabited during the king's reign.
205:, during which they were transferred to Amarna, the village was expanded again and formed nine distinct quarters. At its largest point, Deir el-Medina contained 120 houses and probably about 600 inhabitants.
323:, a walled complex of gardens, pools, an artificial island, and open-air kiosks. While it was originally mistaken by excavators as a sort of pleasure resort, it is understood now to be a religious building.
310:
the island of "Aten distinguished in jubilees" in
Akhetaten in this place. I have made a house of Re- for the Aten my father in the island of "Aten distinguished in jubilees" in Akhetaten in this place.
159:
The village was organized according to a regular plan. It was centered on the temple of the
Senusret's pyramid, which visually dominated the village, and it consisted of two unequal quarters enclosed by
58:
can be translated as "settlement" and usually refers to towns that were laid out along a plan. The archaeological evidence of such cities is best preserved, and has been most thoroughly delved, at
164:
walls on at least three sides. The smaller western quarter contained the relatively humble dwellings of the workers that were laid out on a rectangular grid pattern.
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The workmen's village at Deir el-Medina, located in a valley on the west bank of the Nile across from Thebes, was first constructed under Thutmose I of the
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which marked the boundaries of the city at its founding. In it, Akhenaten describes the main buildings he will construct in his new capital:
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cultures, are laid out arbitrarily and lack a defining plan. These villages mostly consisting of small huts situated around circular
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The original village had 20 houses, probably supporting a population of about 100 people. The village was expanded once under
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Kemp, Barry. "The City of el-Amarna as a Source for the Study of Urban Society in Ancient Egypt".
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The workmen's village at El-Lahun was built and inhabited during the reign of
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Fairman, H. W. "Topographical Notes on the Central City, Tell el-‘Amarnah",
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their doorways to the northwest, to avoid the prevailing northerly wind.
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Almost no traces of Egyptian settlements exist before the development of
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70:, though some averment of urban planning exists at other sites as well.
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201:, and when the workers returned to Deir el-Medina after the reign of
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usually refers to unplanned cities that grew naturally, such as
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to house the workers who worked on the tombs in the nearby
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Other known pre-dynastic settlements, such as those of the
561:, Second Edition, Routledge, London, New York 2006,
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148:. Located near the entrance to the channel of the
30:The Egyptians referred to most cities as either
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1968:
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1237:Regional Planning Association of America
559:Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization
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93:at the southwest desert edge of the
1308:Professional transportation planner
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576:. Princeton University Press, 1984.
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719:Ancient Egyptian race controversy
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337:Index of urban planning articles
220:
1705:Transferable development rights
1260:Environmental impact assessment
981:
545:Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
1331:Community economic development
1110:Planning and zoning commission
1:
2245:Ancient Egyptian architecture
305:… I am making a House of the
1944:Planning Accreditation Board
1303:Transit-oriented development
1265:Recreation resource planning
904:Egypt–Mesopotamia relations
724:Population history of Egypt
574:Akhenaten, the Heretic King
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1956:Professional organizations
1313:Urban freight distribution
1288:Transportation forecasting
212:
175:
133:
77:
2192:List of planning journals
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1161:History of urban planning
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944:
921:
910:
648:
625:
581:Egyptian Towns and Cities
219:
2235:Ancient Egyptian culture
2225:Ancient Egyptian society
2128:Marine spatial planning
1640:Healthy community design
1218:Village design statement
1208:Preservation development
1203:Conservation development
956:Ancient Egypt portal
317:Great Temple of the Aten
2240:Cities in ancient Egypt
2143:Real estate development
1874:List of urban theorists
1370:City Beautiful movement
1298:Rational planning model
1280:Transportation planning
1270:Sustainable development
2187:List of planned cities
2123:Landscape architecture
1879:List of urban planners
1601:Conservation community
1438:Collaborative planning
1247:Environmental planning
1155:Comprehensive planning
583:. Oxford: Shire, 2008.
312:
299:Amarna Boundary Stelae
2098:Development economics
1949:Real estate education
1909:James Howard Kunstler
1834:Konstantinos Doxiadis
1715:Urban growth boundary
1655:Mixed-use development
1550:Intentional community
630:Glossary of artifacts
412:Kemp, "el-Amarna" 123
354:Kemp, "el-Amarna" 124
303:
1650:Leapfrog development
1596:Complete Communities
1453:Intelligent urbanism
1380:Garden city movement
1323:Economic development
1255:Environmental design
554:9.2 (1977): 123–139.
2056:Communist countries
1680:Planning Permission
1617:Filtering (housing)
1591:Cluster development
1400:Settlement movement
1385:Indigenous planning
776:Cursive hieroglyphs
572:Redford, Donald B.
547:21 (1935): 135–139.
188:Valley of the Kings
91:Merimda-Beni Salame
1939:Planning education
1899:Elizabeth Farrelly
1743:High-rise urbanism
1581:Affordable housing
1120:World Urbanism Day
749:Funerary practices
184:Nineteenth Dynasty
152:that leads to the
74:Predynastic period
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2211:
2169:Cities portal
2093:Civil engineering
2074:
2073:
1927:
1926:
1756:
1755:
1724:Peri-urbanisation
1544:Planned community
1375:Dark-sky movement
1365:Car-free movement
1339:
1338:
1293:Trip distribution
1229:Regional planning
1182:Urban green space
1150:Land-use planning
1125:Labor market area
1115:Growth management
1090:Metropolitan area
1004:
1003:
759:Great Royal Wives
729:Prehistoric Egypt
567:978-0-415-23550-1
552:World Archaeology
287:Great Aten Temple
237:Tomb of Akhenaten
232:Workmen's village
80:Predynastic Egypt
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2118:Land development
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1804:Donald Appleyard
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1515:Mining community
1468:Radical planning
1415:Transition towns
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2108:Urban economics
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1854:Peter Calthorpe
1809:Ebenezer Howard
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1483:Cities by type
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1443:Context theory
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436:
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387:
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346:
344:
341:
340:
339:
332:
329:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
247:Southern tombs
245:
242:Northern tombs
240:
235:
230:
225:
218:
213:Main article:
210:
207:
178:Deir el-Medina
176:Main article:
173:
172:Deir el-Medina
170:
134:Main article:
131:
128:
118:
115:
78:Main article:
75:
72:
64:Deir el-Medina
19:urban planning
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2257:
2246:
2243:
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2238:
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2233:
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2222:
2220:
2205:
2204:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2138:Public policy
2136:
2134:
2133:Public health
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2103:Urban ecology
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2077:
2067:
2066:Ancient Egypt
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2033:
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2028:
2026:
2023:
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2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
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1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1914:Lewis Mumford
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1864:Raymond Unwin
1862:
1860:
1857:
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1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1771:practitioners
1766:
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1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
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1727:
1725:
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1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1700:Tract housing
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1690:Temporary use
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1675:Planning gain
1673:
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1620:
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1609:
1607:
1606:Creative city
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1560:Urban village
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1539:Model village
1537:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
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1513:
1511:
1508:
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1501:
1500:Commuter town
1498:
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1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
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1474:
1473:Urban renewal
1471:
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1410:Structuralism
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1234:
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1226:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:Rural housing
1211:
1209:
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1204:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1172:Redevelopment
1170:
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979:
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947:
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934:
932:
931:Egyptologists
929:
927:
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923:
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905:
902:
900:
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895:
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885:
883:
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659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
647:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
624:
619:
618:Ancient Egypt
612:
607:
605:
600:
598:
593:
592:
589:
582:
578:
575:
571:
568:
564:
560:
557:Kemp, Barry.
556:
553:
549:
546:
542:
541:
537:
530:
529:Ancient Egypt
524:
521:
515:
512:
506:
503:
497:
494:
490:
489:Ancient Egypt
484:
481:
477:
476:Ancient Egypt
471:
468:
462:
459:
453:
450:
446:
445:Ancient Egypt
440:
437:
431:
428:
424:
423:Ancient Egypt
418:
415:
409:
406:
400:
397:
391:
388:
384:
383:Ancient Egypt
378:
375:
369:
366:
360:
357:
351:
348:
342:
338:
335:
334:
330:
328:
324:
322:
318:
311:
308:
302:
300:
295:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
257:Desert altars
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
216:
208:
206:
204:
200:
195:
193:
189:
185:
179:
171:
169:
167:
163:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
137:
129:
127:
124:
123:Tell El-Dab'a
117:Tell el-Dab'a
114:
112:
108:
104:
99:
96:
92:
87:
81:
73:
71:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
40:
35:
34:
28:
25:
24:
23:ancient Egypt
20:
2202:
2179:
2160:
2088:Architecture
2065:
2061:Nazi Germany
1869:Thomas Adams
1849:Loretta Lees
1844:Le Corbusier
1814:Edmund Bacon
1779:Andrés Duany
1734:Urbanization
1720:Urban sprawl
1685:Rural flight
1665:Permeability
1660:Model cities
1532:Logging camp
1491:Company town
1405:Smart growth
1395:New Urbanism
1177:Urban design
701:
658:Architecture
580:
573:
558:
551:
544:
538:Bibliography
528:
523:
514:
505:
496:
488:
483:
475:
470:
461:
452:
444:
439:
430:
422:
417:
408:
399:
390:
382:
377:
368:
359:
350:
325:
313:
304:
292:
199:Thutmose III
196:
181:
158:
154:Faiyum Oasis
139:
120:
111:storage pits
100:
83:
55:
43:
37:
31:
29:
17:
15:
2081:disciplines
1904:Jane Jacobs
1829:James Rouse
1710:Urban decay
1695:Third place
1670:Placemaking
1520:Pit village
1510:Global city
996:WikiProject
810:Mathematics
771:Hieroglyphs
685:Portraiture
653:Agriculture
640:Main topics
518:Redford 149
509:Redford 148
500:Redford 146
465:Fairman 136
434:Redford 144
277:Kom el-Nana
192:New Kingdom
190:during the
142:Senusret II
16:The use of
2219:Categories
1824:Ian McHarg
1769:Theorists/
1546:(New town)
1505:Ghost town
1344:Concepts/
1080:Urban area
926:Egyptology
894:Technology
857:Philosophy
805:Literature
697:Chronology
343:References
272:North City
227:Royal Wadi
95:Nile Delta
2113:Geography
2025:Barcelona
2004:Singapore
1979:Australia
1972:Countries
1586:Cityscape
1353:Movements
830:Mythology
754:Geography
744:Dynasties
692:Astronomy
321:Maru-Aten
294:Akhenaten
262:Maru-Aten
203:Akhenaten
86:Neolithic
2181:Category
2030:Shanghai
1932:Training
1574:Concepts
1565:Boomtown
1555:Arcology
1527:Man camp
1495:Monotown
1448:Ekistics
1430:Theories
1346:theories
1187:Urbanism
1136:branches
1105:Planning
1100:Land use
1054:Theories
966:Category
887:District
882:Capitals
867:Religion
850:Titulary
840:Pharaohs
820:Military
815:Medicine
798:Hieratic
788:Language
714:Clothing
668:Obelisks
385:, p. 227
331:See also
282:Stelae H
252:Stelae U
162:mudbrick
136:El-Lahun
130:El-Lahun
103:Badarian
60:El Lahun
54:, while
2203:Commons
2079:Related
1892:Critics
1645:LEED-ND
1143:General
1073:General
1064:Outline
1049:History
986:Outline
976:Commons
936:Museums
872:Scribes
862:Pottery
793:Demotic
783:History
734:Cuisine
663:Revival
569:, 2006.
456:Fairman
144:of the
48:Memphis
2051:Africa
2035:Sydney
2018:Cities
1999:Serbia
1994:Russia
1965:Places
1761:People
1748:Zoning
1631:Infill
1095:Suburb
835:People
702:Cities
620:topics
565:
527:Kemp,
487:Kemp,
474:Kemp,
443:Kemp,
421:Kemp,
403:Uphill
394:Uphill
381:Kemp:
372:Uphill
363:Uphill
215:Amarna
209:Amarna
107:Naqada
68:Amarna
66:, and
52:Thebes
2044:Other
1984:China
1420:YIMBY
1390:NIMBY
1196:Rural
1168:(Eur)
1134:Major
1059:Index
899:Trade
877:Sites
825:Music
739:Dance
673:Pylon
635:Index
1613:(US)
1220:(UK)
1157:(US)
1085:City
845:List
764:List
707:List
563:ISBN
307:Aten
150:Nile
105:and
50:and
680:Art
531:327
491:287
478:184
447:284
425:284
121:At
56:dmj
44:Nwt
39:dmj
36:or
33:nwt
21:in
2221::
1741:/
1722:/
1638:/
1624:/
1493:/
113:.
62:,
42:.
1030:e
1023:t
1016:v
610:e
603:t
596:v
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