160:
518:
the Jin dynasty, the Jin
Jurchens did not regard themselves as the same ethnicity as the Hurka people who became the Huligai. Uriangqa was used as a name in the 1300s by Jurchen migrants in Korea from Ilantumen because the Uriangqa influenced the people at Ilantumen. Bokujiang, Tuowulian, Woduolian, Huligai, Taowan separately made up 10,000 households and were the divisions used by the Yuan dynasty to govern the people along the Wusuli river and Songhua area.
41:
67:
172:
137:
183:
517:
The Taowen, Huligai, and
Wodolian Jurchen tribes lived in the area of Heilongjiang in Yilan during the Yuan dynasty when it was part of Liaoyang province and governed as a circuit. These tribes became the Jianzhou Jurchens in the Ming dynasty and the Taowen and Wodolian were mostly real Jurchens. In
478:. The clan names of the Altai Uriankhai, Khövsgöl Nuur Uriankhai and Tuvans are different. There are no Turkic or Samoyedic clans among the Altai or Khövsgöl Uriankhais.
967:
1200:
1039:
933:
906:
879:
370:
1745:
1735:
960:
718:
1162:
820:
407:
By the early 17th century the term
Uriankhai was a general Mongolian term for all the dispersed bands to the northwest, whether
711:
644:
992:
953:
652:
470:
in
Eastern Mongolia. These last two Uriankhai groups are said to be descendants of the Uriankhan tribe from which came
1710:
1044:
688:
507:, "savages"), especially in context of their attacks against the Siniticized world in the 14th and 15th centuries.
1740:
1071:
546:
497:
in the 1850s. The existence of the
Uriankhai was documented by the Koreans, who called them by the borrowed name
297:
373:
ended with his surrender in 1388. After the rebellion of the northern
Uriankhai people, they were conquered by
1750:
1032:
869:
447:
397:
1059:
315:
1714:
1012:
1007:
401:
358:
141:
1718:
Mongolized ethnic groups.Ethnic groups of
Mongolian origin or with a large Mongolian ethnic component.
1081:
773:
Willard J. Peterson, John King
Fairbank, Denis Twitchett- The Cambridge History of China, vol7, p.158
736:
104:
1462:
1329:
984:
108:
416:
1066:
1027:
1017:
756:
561:
534:
362:
92:
159:
923:
896:
852:
836:
1369:
997:
929:
902:
875:
816:
714:
707:
511:
408:
389:
428:
424:
1647:
1432:
1427:
1399:
1114:
1002:
976:
748:
249:
229:
195:
292:(lord) in Mongolian. The Mongols applied the name to all the forest peoples and, later, to
1678:
1484:
1379:
455:
420:
393:
350:
267:
241:
164:
1510:
1120:
396:
in the beginning of the 16th century. Some groups migrated from the
Khentii Mountains to
1663:
1515:
1422:
1253:
1076:
1049:
618:
592:
566:
451:
318:
described the Forest
Uriyankhai as extremely isolated Siberian forest people living in
88:
1729:
1658:
1652:
1592:
1569:
1505:
1447:
1218:
1208:
1177:
1167:
1099:
1091:
1054:
1022:
760:
304:
40:
1626:
1620:
1559:
1457:
1238:
463:
432:
412:
382:
311:
289:
1314:
815:. Los Angeles: Ethnographic Press University of Southern California. p. 180.
338:), and this connotation later transferred to the Chinese rendering of Uriankhai,
1631:
1554:
1309:
1157:
245:
149:
792:
POPPE, Nicholas (1969). "Review of Menges "The Turkic Languages and Peoples"".
1683:
1636:
1127:
467:
374:
319:
171:
145:
1384:
1273:
415:
organized its far northern frontier into a series of Uriankhai banners: the
366:
277:
752:
330:, Rashid states that they had no connection. During the Ming dynasty, the
136:
1597:
1574:
1324:
1298:
1268:
1263:
1243:
1233:
639:
613:
587:
354:
346:
334:
were known among the Chinese as "forest people" (using the Jurchen word,
331:
153:
72:
365:
to restore the Mongols to power. Although he continued to hold southern
17:
1641:
1584:
1564:
1549:
1536:
1530:
1525:
1499:
1442:
1417:
1412:
1389:
1374:
1364:
1356:
1288:
1278:
1258:
1248:
1213:
1183:
1172:
1147:
1137:
1104:
494:
475:
446:"necklace") by Mongolians. Another group of Uriankhai in Mongolia (in
440:
378:
327:
326:. Despite the similarity in name to the famous Uriyankhan clan of the
225:
175:
124:
112:
1688:
1668:
1542:
1494:
1489:
1476:
1437:
1293:
1283:
1228:
1223:
1142:
1109:
660:
486:
459:
293:
257:
237:
233:
128:
871:
A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology
244:. The Uriankhai included the western forest Uriankhai tribe and the
945:
1694:
1603:
1520:
1452:
1334:
1319:
1303:
1152:
1132:
471:
182:
181:
170:
158:
135:
1407:
1190:
739:(December 1985). "An Introduction to the Qing Foundation Myth".
248:
Uriankhai tribe, with the former recorded in Chinese sources as
201:
949:
435:. Tuvans in Mongolia are called Monchoogo Uriankhai (cf. Tuvan
240:, while sometimes it is also applied to the Mongolian-speaking
323:
307:(1206–1368), the Uriankhai were located in central Mongolia.
392:) lived in central Mongolia and they started moving to the
228:
to a group of forest peoples of the North, who include the
216:
213:
207:
204:
782:
A.Ochir, Ts.Baasandorj "Custom of the Oirat wedding". 2005
462:. A third group of Mongolian Uriankhai were one of the 6
288:
The name "Uriankhai' means "uria" (motto, war motto) and
551:
210:
874:. University of California Press. pp. 200, 75.
1613:
1583:
1475:
1398:
1355:
1348:
1199:
1090:
983:
629:
603:
577:
198:
118:
98:
82:
62:
57:
925:Rosyjsko-chińskie stosunki polityczne: XVII-XIX w
388:The second group of Uriankhai (Uriankhai of the
163:Map of the Jütgelt Gün's hoshuu (banner) of the
271:
704:Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire
961:
8:
502:
33:
411:, Turkic, or Mongol in origin. In 1757 the
377:in 1538 and mostly annexed by the northern
1395:
1352:
968:
954:
946:
731:
729:
727:
381:. Batmunkh Dayan Khan dissolved Uriankhai
39:
32:
868:Pamela Kyle Crossley (15 February 2000).
458:. These were apparently attached to the
296:. They were classified by the Mongols as
857:. Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i. 1983. p. 33.
841:. Chʻing-shih wen-tʻi. 1983. p. 33.
698:
696:
489:. Russian Pavel Nebolsin documented the
901:. Foreign Languages Press. p. 46.
681:
527:
371:Ming military campaign against Naghachu
345:In the mid-14th century, they lived in
638:
612:
586:
560:
357:, Uriankhai leader of the Mongol-led
7:
224:is a term of address applied by the
58:Regions with significant populations
510:Some Uriankhais still live in the
25:
266:). It is also the origin of the
194:
65:
52:, Uriankhai and their neighbours
898:China's minority nationalities
811:Mänchen-Helfen, Otto (1992) .
665:
656:
648:
431:, and Tozhu (all Tuvans); and
262:
1:
46:
928:. Wydawn. Univ. p. 81.
630:
604:
578:
922:Tadeusz Dmochowski (2001).
552:
474:and his more famous cousin
1767:
622:
596:
570:
485:, was an old name for the
178:of the Uriankh-Songol clan
1746:Nomadic groups in Eurasia
1736:Ethnic groups in Mongolia
1707:
538:
503:
481:A variation of the name,
400:during the course of the
361:in Liaoyang, invaded the
272:
253:
186:Tuvans or Tagnu Uriankhai
123:
103:
87:
38:
27:Ethnic groups of Mongolia
303:At the beginning of the
794:Central Asiatic Journal
753:10.1353/late.1985.0016
562:[ˌo̙ɾʲæɴˈχæe̯]
316:Rashid-al-Din Hamadani
187:
179:
168:
156:
737:Crossley, Pamela Kyle
640:[ʊɾɑːɴˈq͡χɑj]
588:[ʊɾäːɴˈqʰäɪ̯]
402:Northern Yuan dynasty
359:Northern Yuan dynasty
322:tents and hunting on
185:
174:
162:
142:Northern Yuan dynasty
139:
119:Related ethnic groups
689:National Census 2010
167:in western Mongolia.
78:26,654 (2010 census)
854:Ch'ing-shih Wen-t'i
838:Chʻing-shih Wen-tʻi
741:Late Imperial China
645:traditional Chinese
614:[ʊrɑɴˈqʰɑj]
109:Mongolian shamanism
35:
1711:Donghu and Xianbei
1067:Mongolian nobility
1018:Slab Grave culture
653:simplified Chinese
363:Liaodong Peninsula
188:
180:
169:
157:
140:Mongol states: 1.
1723:
1722:
1703:
1702:
1471:
1470:
998:Mongolian Plateau
935:978-83-7017-986-1
908:978-0-8351-1952-8
881:978-0-520-92884-8
628:
602:
576:
550:
512:Khentii Mountains
398:Khövsgöl Province
390:Khentii Mountains
270:term "olangkae",
134:
133:
16:(Redirected from
1758:
1741:Darlikin Mongols
1400:Southern Mongols
1396:
1353:
1003:Mongol heartland
977:Mongolic peoples
970:
963:
956:
947:
940:
939:
919:
913:
912:
892:
886:
885:
865:
859:
858:
849:
843:
842:
833:
827:
826:
808:
802:
801:
789:
783:
780:
774:
771:
765:
764:
733:
722:
700:
691:
686:
669:
667:
658:
650:
642:
637:
633:
627:romanized:
626:
624:
616:
611:
607:
601:romanized:
600:
598:
590:
585:
581:
575:romanized:
574:
572:
564:
559:
555:
545:
543:
541:
532:
506:
505:
310:In 13th century
298:Darligin Mongols
275:
274:
264:
255:
223:
222:
219:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
200:
75:
71:
69:
68:
51:
48:
43:
36:
21:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1717:
1699:
1679:Sichuan Mongols
1609:
1579:
1485:Altai Uriankhai
1467:
1394:
1344:
1201:Medieval tribes
1195:
1086:
1072:Writing systems
1040:Medieval tribes
979:
974:
944:
943:
936:
921:
920:
916:
909:
895:Yin Ma (1989).
894:
893:
889:
882:
867:
866:
862:
851:
850:
846:
835:
834:
830:
823:
813:Journey to Tuva
810:
809:
805:
791:
790:
786:
781:
777:
772:
768:
735:
734:
725:
701:
694:
687:
683:
678:
673:
672:
635:
609:
583:
557:
539:
533:
529:
524:
456:Altai Uriankhai
452:Khovd Provinces
421:Tannu Uriankhai
394:Altai Mountains
351:Northeast China
286:
242:Altai Uriankhai
197:
193:
165:Altai Uriankhai
66:
64:
63:
53:
49:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1751:Mongol peoples
1748:
1743:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1534:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1423:Eastern Dorbet
1420:
1415:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1077:Soyombo symbol
1074:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1050:Nomadic empire
1047:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1033:Proto-Mongolic
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
989:
987:
981:
980:
975:
973:
972:
965:
958:
950:
942:
941:
934:
914:
907:
887:
880:
860:
844:
828:
821:
803:
784:
775:
766:
723:
719:978-0816046713
692:
680:
679:
677:
674:
671:
670:
526:
525:
523:
520:
493:clan of Volga
285:
282:
132:
131:
121:
120:
116:
115:
101:
100:
96:
95:
85:
84:
80:
79:
76:
60:
59:
55:
54:
45:Mongol Empire
44:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1763:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1673:Yunnan Mongol
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:Upper Mongols
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1349:Ethnic groups
1347:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1209:Khamag Mongol
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1092:Proto-Mongols
1089:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1055:Mongol Empire
1053:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:Ordos culture
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
988:
986:
982:
978:
971:
966:
964:
959:
957:
952:
951:
948:
937:
931:
927:
926:
918:
915:
910:
904:
900:
899:
891:
888:
883:
877:
873:
872:
864:
861:
856:
855:
848:
845:
840:
839:
832:
829:
824:
822:1-878986-04-X
818:
814:
807:
804:
799:
795:
788:
785:
779:
776:
770:
767:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
732:
730:
728:
724:
720:
716:
713:
709:
705:
699:
697:
693:
690:
685:
682:
675:
668:
662:
654:
646:
641:
632:
620:
615:
606:
594:
589:
580:
568:
563:
554:
548:
536:
531:
528:
521:
519:
515:
513:
508:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:Uraŋxai Sakha
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:) are called
453:
449:
445:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
417:Khövsgöl Nuur
414:
410:
405:
404:(1368–1635).
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
305:Mongol Empire
301:
299:
295:
291:
283:
281:
279:
269:
265:
259:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
221:
192:
184:
177:
173:
166:
161:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
130:
127:, especially
126:
122:
117:
114:
110:
106:
102:
97:
94:
90:
86:
81:
77:
74:
61:
56:
42:
37:
19:
1715:Turco-Mongol
1672:
1339:
1060:Turco-Mongol
1045:Modern clans
924:
917:
897:
890:
870:
863:
853:
847:
837:
831:
812:
806:
797:
793:
787:
778:
769:
747:(2): 13–24.
744:
740:
703:
684:
664:
530:
516:
509:
498:
490:
482:
480:
443:
436:
433:Altai people
413:Qing dynasty
406:
387:
344:
339:
335:
309:
302:
287:
261:
190:
189:
30:Ethnic group
1560:Sart Kalmyk
1310:Qara Khitai
702:C.P.Atwood
448:Bayan-Ölgii
419:Uriankhai,
353:. In 1375,
246:Transbaikal
150:Moghulistan
50: 1207
1730:Categories
1709:See also:
1684:Sogwo Arig
712:0816046719
676:References
666:Wūliánghǎi
636:pronounced
610:pronounced
584:pronounced
558:pronounced
542:/ Урианхай
468:Dayan Khan
375:Dayan Khan
340:Wulianghai
320:birch bark
312:Yuan China
276:, meaning
232:-speaking
146:Four Oirat
1637:Dongxiang
1385:Khotogoid
1370:Dariganga
1340:Uriankhai
1315:Qara'unas
1274:Khongirad
1028:Languages
800:(4): 330.
761:143797249
553:Uriankhai
547:romanized
540:ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠬᠠᠢ
535:Mongolian
409:Samoyedic
367:Manchuria
278:barbarian
263:Wùliánghā
191:Uriankhai
93:Mongolian
83:Languages
34:Uriankhai
1598:Hamnigan
1575:Zakhchin
1463:Üzemchin
1433:Khorchin
1428:Kharchin
1325:Taichiud
1299:Olkhonud
1234:Borjigin
1082:Religion
993:Timeline
631:Uraañqay
623:Урааҥхай
579:Uraañkai
571:Урааңкай
499:Orangkae
355:Naghachu
347:Liaoyang
332:Jurchens
154:Kara Del
105:Buddhism
99:Religion
73:Mongolia
18:Urianhai
1664:Monguor
1648:Kangjia
1585:Buryats
1565:Torghut
1550:Myangad
1526:Khoshut
1516:Dzungar
1500:Chantuu
1390:Sartuul
1380:Khalkha
1375:Eljigin
1365:Darkhad
1357:Mongols
1279:Manghud
1264:Katagan
1249:Eljigin
1244:Dughlat
1173:Didouyu
1148:Tuyuhun
1138:Kumo Xi
1121:Yujiulü
1105:Xianbei
985:History
706:, 2004
605:Urañkay
597:Ураҥкай
549::
495:Kalmyks
491:Urankhu
476:Subutai
444:monshak
437:Monchak
429:Salchak
425:Kemchik
379:Khalkha
328:Mongols
284:History
250:Chinese
226:Mongols
125:Mongols
113:Atheism
1669:Khatso
1659:Moghol
1653:Mughal
1642:Hazara
1543:Buzava
1541:incl.
1537:Kalmyk
1531:Khoton
1511:Dörbet
1506:Choros
1490:Baatud
1477:Oirats
1443:Naiman
1438:Jaruud
1418:Chahar
1413:Baarin
1289:Naiman
1284:Merkit
1269:Kerait
1259:Jalair
1254:Gorlos
1239:Chonos
1224:Barlas
1214:Baarin
1182:incl.
1178:Khitan
1168:Shiwei
1143:Murong
1119:incl.
1115:Rouran
1110:Wuhuan
1100:Donghu
1013:Rulers
1008:States
932:
905:
878:
819:
759:
717:
710:
663::
661:pinyin
655::
647::
487:Yakuts
464:tumens
460:Oirats
441:Kazakh
369:, the
294:Tuvans
268:Korean
260::
258:pinyin
252::
238:Yakuts
234:Tuvans
230:Turkic
176:Buryat
129:Oirats
70:
1695:Yugur
1689:Tuvan
1627:Bonan
1621:Aimaq
1614:Other
1604:Soyot
1593:Barga
1521:Khoid
1495:Bayad
1453:Tumed
1448:Ordos
1335:Tumed
1330:Tatar
1320:Sunud
1304:Ongud
1294:Oirat
1229:Bayad
1219:Barga
1153:Tuoba
1133:Yuwen
757:S2CID
619:Yakut
593:Altay
567:Tuvan
522:Notes
472:Jelme
439:<
383:tumen
89:Oirat
1632:Daur
1555:Olot
1458:Urad
1408:Asud
1191:Zubu
1184:Yelü
1163:Tufa
1158:Qifu
1128:Duan
930:ISBN
903:ISBN
876:ISBN
817:ISBN
715:ISBN
708:ISBN
450:and
336:Woji
324:skis
290:khan
236:and
749:doi
721:p.9
657:乌梁海
649:烏梁海
504:오랑캐
466:of
349:in
273:오랑캐
254:兀良哈
152:4.
148:3.
144:2.
1732::
1713:·
1691:**
1655:**
1644:**
1623:**
798:12
796:.
755:.
743:.
726:^
695:^
659:;
651:;
643:;
634:,
625:,
621::
617:;
608:,
599:,
595::
591:;
582:,
573:,
569::
565:;
556:,
544:,
537::
514:.
427:,
423:;
385:.
342:.
314:,
300:.
280:.
256:;
217:aɪ
202:ʊr
111:,
107:,
91:,
47:c.
1675:)
1671:(
1606:*
1600:*
1533:*
1502:*
1306:*
969:e
962:t
955:v
938:.
911:.
884:.
825:.
763:.
751::
745:6
501:(
220:/
214:x
211:n
208:ə
205:i
199:ˈ
196:/
20:)
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