412:), but it appears that in Switzerland of the 1930s that idea was more appealing to the corporatist right-wingers than to "liberals". To the frustration of the more hard headed among them - who evidently, in this respect, included Emmy Dietschi, Urs' wife: "Irritating to the economic liberals was the way in which the 'Young Liberals' were far more interested in social policy than in pro-business liberal economic strategies". Among the leading Young Liberals there was very little experience of commerce and manufacturing. There were teachers and journalists. Dietschi himself came from a long line of scholarly politicians and himself had a background in the law and in public administration. Historian Walter Wolf sums up the situation during the 1930s with the provocative assertion that "the Young Liberals sometimes believed that liberalism had become outdated".
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peasantry. The social renewal to which the young radicals aspired had to involve a fair balance of interests. The coming together needed to embrace not merely a focus on the shared interests of the traditionally separated social classes, but also a coming together of those separated by language, culture and jealously guarded cantonal distinctions. In 1933 the movement pursued the logic of their ideas further, with demands that the changes they espoused needed to be enshrined and secured through a total revision of the Swiss constitution. Much of the significance of the "Jungliberale
Bewegung" comes not from their short-term victories. Swiss polities were in many ways frozen by the
348:, from whom he learned the discipline and systematic approach necessary for effective administration work. His political liberalism was hardened. Schöpfer became a longstanding mentor, and a valuable counterweight to the sometimes headstrong approach that Dietschi and other younger liberal activists would sometimes adopt in reaction to the political extremism overflowing onto the streets of Germany, Italy and Austria, and by which politics in Switzerland could not remain untouched. In 1929 Dietschi's professional focus switched again: between 1929 and 1937 he is described as a lawyer based in
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defined but shrilly promoted grouping, drawing support from
Catholic conservative and corporatist elements as well as from moderniser nationalists inspired by Mussolini and Hitler. These, too, called for a total revision of the Swiss constitution, and the objectives of the two movements became for a time conflated in popular consciousness, despite their contrasting philosophical underpinnings. The young liberals rejected corporate and populist pressures. Instead they placed their emphasis on the power of organisation. There was much discussion of a "Wirtschaftsrat" (
31:
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responsibilities allocated to him provided plenty of opportunity for him to contribute constructively. There are also references to his having taken a keen interest in protection of the natural environment, both in a cantonal level and in the "Nationalrat". He served as a member of parliament between 6 December 1943 and 6 December 1959, holding true to the tenets of the Young
Liberal movement throughout.
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sensitive souls". He was backing the inclusion of women on an extraparliamentary commission as early as
September 1944. As longstanding president, between 1952 and 1971, of the "Federal Commission for the Protection of Nature and the Homeland", Dietschi also used his political positions and the public profile that went with them to campaign effectively and with impressive persistence in support of
442:, a position he retained till 1966. Only two members have served for longer. The role gave him important coordination and oversight responsibilities in respect of cantonal governance. The appointment came on the basis of a recommendation/nomination by an assembly of the party of Free-thinking Democrats, and followed the party-enforced retirement of his idiosyncratic party colleague Dr.
435:) till 1917, after which the party could no longer count on an absolute majority of seats at every election, thanks to the presence of growing numbers of socialist members. Its successor party nevertheless retained more seats than any other single party till at least 2021. Urs Dietschi was 32 when he was elected which was considered rather young.
364:), a loosely organised grouping that sought to renew liberalism "in the spirit of the freedom-loving nineteenth century". Between 1941 and 1945 Dietschi would serve as the national president of the "movement". He teamed up with a number of like-minded gifted young men from other cantons including, most notably,
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during the twentieth century and on that of the "Young liberal movement". The archive fills more than 25 linear meters on the shelves of the library archived, and are complemented by recordings of eight detailed interviews that Graf-Vargas conducted with Emmy
Schmidt, the widow of Urs Dietschi.
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well before the issue rose to the top of the political agenda for many (male) Swiss liberals, though a few generations later his nuanced justification of his position comes across as quaint, at best: "I am at once both for and against ... Womankind would also be burdened , because they are such
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Although
Switzerland was not among the belligerent nations during the war, the strategic, economic and political impact meant that there were very few government initiatives placed before the "Nationalrat" between 1939 and 1945 other than those necessitated by international developments. After
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representing
Solothurn in the Bern parliament. He now tried to put his ideals into practice, contextualising matters that divided, and concentrating on shared aspirations and priorities. Social, constitutional and cultural policy would be of particular interest to him, and the departmental
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that followed. But during the half century that followed 1945, much of the agenda of
Switzerland's Young Liberals became mainstream and was adopted. In the nearer term, however, the "Jungliberale Bewegung" was confronted after 1934 by the emergence of the "Tatgemeinschaft", another loosely
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to call for a political reconfiguration. In place of the "timeless" class-struggle which had become central to political though during the nineteenth century the "Young
Liberals" called for a coming together of the three historically separated classes: the bourgeoisie, the workers and the
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Dietschi embarked on his professional career in 1928, working as a layer-notary in
Solothurn. Later that same year he accepted a cantonal-level government position as a "legal secretary" to the Department for the military, police, justice and public instruction. Although he worked in the
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between 1937 and 1966. At both National and cantonal levels he took a consistent interest in social policy and cultural affairs, and was also prominent as an advocate of enhanced social, economic and political rights for women, at a time when Switzerland was, by European standards,
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Urs Dietschi's social and political views frequently placed him at odds with party comrades for whom political liberalism was primarily concerned with economics and commerce. Both at a cantonal level and nationally he was openly supportive of
576:. During the first decade of the twenty-first century the papers were fully catalogued by the Solothurn historian-author Dr. Ruedi Graf-Vargas. The resulting archive constitutes a source and important research tool for the history of
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back in 1869. There was a family tradition of careful scholarship, humanitarian values and an open-mindedness when it came to cultural and social values which provided context for Dietschi's upbringing. He commenced his schooling in
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The interviews focus primarily on the professional career of Urs Dietschi, but also provide extensive insights into Emmy Dietschi's own role as the wife of a politician and as a politically aware and socially engaged woman.
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In 1933, with the backing of his Young Liberal comrades, Urs Dietschi was elected to the Solothurn cantonal parliament. The assembly had been dominated by traditionalist liberals (known in Solothurn at that time as
290:. His doctoral dissertation concerned "The People's Veto in Switzerland". It was, in the view of one admiring commentator, a particularly appropriate topic for a young man from Olten, firmly grounded in the
506:. He believed that the issues involved important responsibilities, that national legislators could not simply leave to cantonal authorities and private individuals. Born into the so-called
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lawyer who entered government service. He then became increasingly caught up in politics and in 1929 became a co-founder of an organisation called the "Jungliberale Bewegung" (
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Ruedi Graf: Der Nachlass Dietschi – eine Sonde zur Schweizergeschichte zwischen 1930 bis 1965. In: Jahrbuch für solothurnische Geschichte. vol 77, 2004, pp. 188, 191
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department for little more than a year, his political education was greatly developed. His departmental boss was the distinguished liberal jurist-politician Dr.
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Urs Dietschi died at Solothurn on 29 July 1982. He had accumulated many papers, and these were donated by his widow Emmy to the archives section of the
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294:. A core belief in the rights of the Swiss people and the central importance of the referendum in politics would shape his entire political life.
597:"...Störend für den Wirtschaftsfreisinn war, dass die Jungliberalen nicht so absolut wirtschaftsfreundlich, viel stärker sozial eingestellt waren".
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in Solothurn, twenty minutes to the west by train, and an institution which over the years produced a number of notable politicians from
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606:"...… Ich bin dafür und dagegen zugleich … Der Frau würden auch Lasten auferlegt, unter denen sie als sensibles Wesen leiden könnte …"
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biographical paragraph available in three languages. click DE or FR or IT directly above the subject's name to change the language
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453:. Membership of the Solothurn Council of state did not preclude embarking on a parallel career in national politics.
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During 1929 Dietschi was a co-founder of the so-called "Jungliberale Bewegung des Kanton Solothurn und der Schweiz" (
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that polled the most votes. Dietschi was one of three FDP members (along with two Social Democrats and two
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Urs Dietschi: "Das Volksveto in der Schweiz. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Volksgesetzgebung". Olten 1926
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305:. These were years of intensifying political polarisation across Europe, which was intensified by the
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329:. Dietschi was never drawn to the illusory simplistic "solutions" of the demagogues and populists..
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856:. Institut für Zeitgeschichte München−Berlin (Vierteljahrshefte fuer Zeitgeschichte). pp. 21–25
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165:). At the urging of like-minded liberal-radical activists, he secured election to the
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929:"Die Diskussion um eine Totalrevision der schweizerischen Bundesverfassung 1933–1935"
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Catalogus Monasteriorum O.S.B. Monachorum. Editio XIX. S. Anselmo, Rom 2000, p. 356.
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1049:. ETH-Bibliothek, Zürich (Jahrbuch für solothurnische Geschichte). p. 240
220:), a prosperous mid-sized town with a mixed economy on the western fringes of
1245:. Zentralbibliothek Solothurn & Heiniger Druck, Solothurn. pp. 16–17
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in 1933, remaining a member till 1937. In 1943 he secured election to the "
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179:" (lower house of the Swiss national parliament in Bern), representing the
1117:"Das Wiederaufleben der Frauenstimmrechtsbestrebungen im Kanton Solothurn"
526:. One example of this was his engagement with the rehabilitation of the
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Schweizer Monatshefte : Zeitschrift für Politik, Wirtschaft, Kultur
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Free Democratic Party (FDP - as the liberal party was known nationally)
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In 1937 Dietschi was appointed to membership of the 5-member Solothurn
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Alfred Wyser (author); Florence Piguet (translation) (12 April 2005).
270:. On leaving school he enrolled successively at the universities of
246:(1830-1907) - another politician), had founded the regional newspaper
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Hans Hirter (author); Pierre-G. Martin (translation) (13 June 2012).
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75. Jahresbericht der Zentralbibliothek Solothurn über das Jahr 2004
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Schweizer Frauenblatt: Organ für Fraueninteressen und Frauenaufgaben
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286:. He was still only 24 when he received his doctorate from the
309:'s economic hardship and surging unemployment that followed the
847:"(1) Die Jungliberale Bewegung (2) Auswirkungen und Ergebnisse"
313:. The effects were felt in London, Paris and, especially, in
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After 1925 he was able to travel extensively, spending time in
817:& Verein Alt-Wengia Solodorensis, Solothurn. 22 June 1984
549:, but was rededicated and formally re-established in 1971.
464:" (lower house of the national parliament). Although the
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Walter Wolf: Faschismus in der Schweiz 1930 bis 1945, 1969
714:. Markus Jud (Demokratie / History of Switzerland), Luzern
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Jahrbuch für solothurnische Geschichte: Nachruf / Obituary
1151:. Vol. 2. Schwabe Verlagsgruppe AG. pp. 97–98.
956:"Vor 85 Jahren: Krisenlernen in der direkten Demokratie"
854:
Nationale Erneuerungsbewegungen in der Schweiz 1925-1940
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Urs Dietschi was born into a well-established family in
954:
Christian Koller (author-compiler) (5 November 2020).
1201:"Natur- und Heimatschutz-eine eidgenössische Aufgabe"
682:"Regierungsrat Urs Dietschi (1901-1982) zum Gedenken"
235:(1864-1955) was his father. His grandfather, Prof.
712:(In a direct democracy change takes a little longer)
1148:
Der Durchbruch von 1967/70 ..... Chapter Endnote 12
879:. Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS), Berne
764:. Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS), Berne
737:. Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS), Berne
224:, in which he grew up. The lawyer-politician Dr.
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1022:. Verein Alt-Wengia Solodorensis. pp. 111–113
708:"Switzerland's Long Way to Women's Right to Vote"
1291:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland politicians
1126:. ETH-Bibliothek, Zürich. 18 May 1951. p. 2
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1072:. Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), Bern
642:. Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), Bern
1296:Members of the National Council (Switzerland)
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323:an anti-democratic fascist political system
1207:. ETH-Bibliothek, Zürich. pp. 133–141
688:. ETH-Bibliothek, Zürich. pp. 217–220
29:
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933:Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Geschichte
845:Peter Gilg; Erich Gruner (January 1996).
157:(18 November 1901 - 29 July 1982) was a
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423:the party of Free-thinking Democrats /
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811:Jubilaeum der altesten Schulverbindung
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534:which had been twice secularized, in
197:widely seen as something of a laggard
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1311:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
321:, Italy had switched to what became
292:liberal 1830s traditions and beliefs
1236:"Nachlass Urs Dietschi (1901-1982)"
1096:Nationalrat 06.12.1943 – 06.12.1959
804:"Hundert Jahre Wengia Solodorensis"
522:, Dietschi was deeply committed to
468:topped the poll nationally, in the
405:the war among neighbouring nations
264:"Kantonsschule" (secondary school)
14:
1092:"Urs Dietschi: Früheres Mitglied"
1011:Ernst Gunzinger (February 1967).
460:Urs Dietschi was elected to the "
492:extending voting rights to women
1068:Erich Meyer (6 February 2006).
497:nature and heritage protection
1:
733:Erich Meyer (27 April 2004).
638:Erich Meyer (12 April 2005).
1306:Heidelberg University alumni
1013:"Dem Verdienste seine Krone"
425:"... freisinnige-Demokraten"
410:loosely, "Economic Assembly"
362:"Young liberal movement..."
16:Swiss lawyer and politician
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1301:20th-century Swiss lawyers
208:Provenance and early years
1316:University of Bern alumni
559:Central Library Solothurn
508:Christian Catholic Church
401:coming to power of Hitler
262:and then moved on to the
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1047:Solothurner Chronik 1937
163:"Young liberal movement"
356:Young Liberals movement
927:Peter Stadler (1969).
1199:Urs Dietsche (1963).
181:Free Democratic Party
105:executive (1937–1966)
1145:Georg Kreis (2004).
815:Neue Zürcher Zeitung
1286:Swiss Old Catholics
524:religious tolerance
470:Canton of Solothurn
109:national parliament
90:Government official
982:has generic name (
903:has generic name (
788:has generic name (
440:cantonal executive
288:University of Bern
222:Middle Switzerland
192:cantonal executive
1281:People from Olten
935:. pp. 75–169
520:the Enlightenment
317:, while south of
311:Wall Street crash
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177:Nationalrat
148:(1864-1955)
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129:Emmy Schmid
111:(1943–1959)
99:(1933–1937)
85:Occupations
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1265:Categories
1249:26 October
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614:References
578:the canton
553:The record
530:Monastery
385:Hans Huber
272:Heidelberg
185:his canton
173:parliament
107:Member of
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1174:cite book
1043:"März 21"
574:Solothurn
282:to study
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170:cantonal
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276:Berlin
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