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The spores are dispersed by wind and rain over short distances. Since they are sticky they are probably also spread by birds, animals, and contaminated clothing and footwear. The commonest mode of transmitting the blight is the introduction of asymptomatic plants, or plants treated with fungicide
110:(which can mask the disease) to areas with uninfected plants. Warm and humid conditions facilitate its spread. The fungus does not need a wound to infect a plant, but it does require high humidity or free water.
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The first description of boxwood blight was from the United
Kingdom in the mid 1990s. In 2002 it was discovered in New Zealand. At that time the cause was identified as a new species of fungus and formally named
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In
October 2011 the blight was found in North Carolina and Connecticut. By January 2012 it had also been identified in Virginia, Maryland, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Oregon, and British Columbia.
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The blight initially presents as dark or light brown spots or lesions on leaves. The leaves typically turn brown or straw color, then fall off. The stems develop dark brown or black lesions.
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may prevent the spread of the disease. To be effective, they must be applied to the entire plant, leaves and stems. This can be difficult because boxwood leaves are very closely spaced.
240:'s boxwood collection (currently not infected): “I’ve never poured diesel fuel on a boxwood, but if I did, that’s what it would look like.”
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that has been tested has been found to be susceptible to infection, and it is likely that all species are.
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Remove the whole plant and put it in a plastic bag. Do not carry it around uninfected plants.
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There are a number of steps that can be taken to prevent the spread of the blight
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Connecticut
Agricultural Experiment Station Plant Disease Information Office
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Douglas, p. 6, calls this "Trojan horse " or "Typhoid Mary" transmission.
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Consult with a county agent or other expert to be confirm the diagnosis.
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Inspect new plants and cuttings; only buy from reputable nurseries.
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The disease can surivive for five years in fallen boxwood leaves.
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309:"Boxwood Blight - a new Disease for Connecticut and the U.S."
69:. The fungus causing the disease in the U.K. was later named
95:(English and American boxwoods) are especially vulnerable.
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Isolate them for at least one month, longer if psssible.
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Since this is a new disease, research is ongoing. The
294:Douglas, p. 9 has details on various fungicides
236:Milius quotes Lynn R. Batdorf, curator of the
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355:"Boxwood Blight Invades North America"
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73:. These are now known to be the same.
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307:Douglas, Sharon M. (December 2011).
151:Consider plants other than boxwood.
106:It is often fatal to young plants.
353:Milius, Susan (January 20, 2012).
166:maintains up-to-date information.
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67:Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum
137:Never compost infected material.
76:It is found throughout Europe.
140:If you see an infected plant:
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134:Don't work with wet boxwoods.
99:Symptoms and disease process
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155:There is no known cure.
131:Avoid overhead watering.
117:Prevention and treatment
50:Cylindrocladium buxicola
374:Check date values in:
359:. Retrieved May 26, 20
18:User:Virginia-American
54:C. pseudonaviculatum
238:National Arboretum
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71:C. buxicola
302:References
157:Fungicides
35:box blight
367:cite web
331:cite web
43:boxwoods
20: |
321:May 26,
60:History
22:Sandbox
209:Milius
200:Milius
47:fungus
312:(PDF)
170:Notes
89:Buxus
83:Hosts
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380:help
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323:2012
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