1112:
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be freely moved about. It is considered an honor to handle this. Depending on the region, some of them feature an ability to extend or contract the neck. The "sword" is attached to the main body by a rope. A large number of people would carry this and parade it about. At the same time, they would furiously shake the "trunk" and "sword", spin it around again and go into a fervor. However, they would not make them bump into each other or perform other kinds of "fights". Generally, there are two types of main bodies, one covered by a
807:
421:. It is said that a woman carrying a baby would stop someone and ask them to hold the baby; when this person holds the baby, the baby would become heavy like a stone, making the person unable to move, and the ushi-oni would use this chance to kill and eat that person. They are said to shapeshift themselves into women to approach people, but it is said that even after having shapeshifted, their reflection on the waterfront will still be that of an
925:
but he had an ox's horns and an oni's face, so he was about to be killed. However, the court lady who was ordered to perform the killing instead saved him and raised him in secret in the mountains, and grew up to be called "Ushi Gozen." Mitsunaka ordered his son, the yōkai-slaying hero
Minamoto no Yorimitsu, to deal with Ushi Gozen. Ushi Gozen fought many battles in Kantō and resisted to the end. He threw himself in the
1101:
42:
56:
22:
767:, a voice is heard by fishermen beckoning them from the opposite shore. Upon arriving to the other shore, however, no one is there. The voice is then heard from the original shore. After chasing the voice around for a while, the fisherman returns to his boat, only to find all the fish that were in the boat are gone. This terror is attributed to the
755:. It is a bipedal monster with huge tusks, spurred wrists, and membranes like a flying squirrel. A sign nearby explains that this creature terrorized the area about four-hundred years ago, and was slain by a skilled archer by the name of Yamada Kurando Takakiyo (山田蔵人高清). He dedicated its horns to the temple, and they can still be seen to this day.
924:
dwelt in her womb. After a long pregnancy of 3 years and 3 months, a boy infant was born on an ox year, on an ox day, at the ox hour. This infant would be
Minamoto no Yorimitsu's next younger sibling (in the original text, らいくわうの御しやてい "raikwau no oshatei", or ただの満中が次男, "tada no Mitsunaka ga jinan"),
672:
is actually an aged tsubaki root. There are legends in Japan that divine spirits dwell in
Tsubaki, so there is the interpretation that the ushi-oni is an incarnation of this spirit, and there are customs where they are honored for warding off evil spirits. Also, tsubaki has been viewed as a special,
334:
invaded the three Korean kingdoms, an eight-headed ox-shaped monster called
Jinrinki attacked her, and she shot and killed it with an arrow. Jinrinki separated into head, torso, and tail, which became Ushimado's islands of Kishima (yellow island), Maejima (front island), and Aojima (blue island). As
1175:
The cart is a turtle shell-shaped structure made from putting together bamboo, with an attached head (officially the "trunk") and tail ("sword"). The "trunk" is attached several meters ahead on bamboo, and on the other side is attached a T-shaped handle ("shumoku", or "bell-ringing rod"), which can
355:
was eliminated, it is said its body fell into pieces and became the islands of
Kuroshima (black island), Naka no Kojima (middle small island), and Hashi no Kojima (side small island). The name "Ushimado" is considered to be from an accented form of calling this place of legend the "Ushimarobi" (the
1244:, Hawaii, every year on the first Friday, Saturday, and Monday is the Matsuri in Hawaii: Pan-Pacific Festival where volunteers from the Maruho Ushi-oni Preservation Society and the Uwajima City Government Ushi-oni Preservation Society would participate as the Uwajima Ushi-oni Preservation Society.
659:
is represented with a huge, multiple-person costume with a cloth body and a carved, painted head held upon a pole. It has an oni-like head, a long neck, and the body of an ox. The body is either red or brown with shaggy hair similar to the coat of a yak. A short sword replaces its tail.
478:. The villagers who tried to slay it were also killed and eaten, and a warrior of Chikamori Sakon who heard of this slew it with a single arrow shot. The villagers were overjoyed, and it is said that the villagers would imitate pulling an arrow while telling about how the
1080:
had the head of a monkey and the body of a tiger, and both legs is a flying membrane-shaped wing like that of a musasabi or bat. The scroll and relic is currently not open to the public due to several problems, so it is open to the public only through the internet.
437:
came forth from the sea, and the baby in his arms became a stone so heavy that fleeing was impossible. His family's inscribed sword passed down through generations came flying and pierced the ushi-oni's neck, thus making a narrow escape from death. The
1363:-like voice and roam about the basket fires, whereupon the islanders would put their heads to the ground when it comes to them. However, this is actually a made-up god, and the islanders hate it when people from the mainland mention this to them.
961:), at a damp time of continual rain, if one goes to a place where there appears to be a bridge across a mountain stream where some white lights would fly about and stick to the body and not come off, one would say "I have encountered
886:(petting ox) statue, and it is thought that by petting it on an area where one's own self is not well, the illness can be cured. Considering how "Gozu-Tennō" (ox-head king of skies) is sometimes thought to be another name for
433:), an angler was approached by a strange woman embracing a baby, who asked, "can you please hold on to this baby for a bit?" After he took hold of the baby, it looked like the woman disappeared, whereupon
1052:
and
Buddhist power. It is said that the hand went to temple, the head was presented at the capital, and the ears were buried at Minōsan ("ear storage mountain"). The name Minōsan comes from this legend.
1046:
s body, and it tormented the nearby residents with a supernatural power. It is said that although the warriors of several provinces hesitated to slay it, the head priest
Kanamitsu Shōnin slew it with
1574:
power to consume him and turn him into the ox
Makamou Gyuki. When Asumu becomes the new Kamen Rider Hibiki, he puts the original Hibiki out of his misery by destroying him with his Mouka Dotou form.
673:
holy flower that grows in sanctuaries in the final reaches of capes and shores, and since tsubaki flowers bloom at the boundaries, there is the theory that this expresses the place where
1111:
628:
had the head of an ox and the body of a whale. Despite being legends under the same name of "ushi-oni", they have remarkable variety in appearance, which has led the yōkai researcher
1193:
to bite their head, they'll become smart," so when the people carrying it are resting, the people nearby would take their children and grandchildren along to get their heads bit.
254:
of this land possess a catlike body that is springy like a ball with a tail at a length of 1 shaku (about 3.3 meters) or more, and therefore do not make sound as they walk.
731:
region according to some legends differs radically compared to the other legends. This bakemono resembles a shining, white butterfly instead of an ox. This version of the
2745:
261:
at the waterfall basin in Wado River. People who have their shadows licked by one would get a high fever and die in a few days, and to avoid this, one can provide the
222:(lord's wife) fell sick with an incurable illness due to the curse. Because of this, Shigeaki distanced himself from the seishitsu, and developed an infatuation for a
250:
would result in catching an illness. It is said that by saying opposites like "rocks flow, leaves sink, oxen neigh, and horses bellow," one's life can be saved. The
143:'s torso. Certain legends claim that they appear in front of temple gates in the mountains wearing human clothing, or flying with the wings of an insect. Other
1561:, Gyūki is Killer B's tailed beast. It is a cross between an ox and an octopus with the tentacles making up the tails. He can transform into the beast at will.
1552:
with the head of an ox and the torso of a spider-like creature with large claws that with its demonic powers would lead lost travelers astray and prey on them.
272:
who would shapeshift into a human, and even help a human. A young lad shared his bentō with a woman, who was the shapeshifted master of the stream pool, the
136:
and enjoy killing and eating humans. Their body is most commonly depicted as spider-like with six legs and long singular claws at the end of each appendage.
1355:
belief festival called the "Numato
Nukanushi", where an ox yōkai god (farming god) with decorated countless eight-horned, eight-footed, and eight-tailed
389:
period, a villager girl just 20 years old had a child with a self-professed government official, but this child's fangs grew long, and became like an
370:, there are writings about an oni called Jinrin who fought with Emperor Chūai, and this is considered to be the origin of the aforementioned legend.
715:
attack and tricks the victim into holding her child, which then becomes stuck to the person's hands and grows heavier in order to hinder escape.
3038:
393:
complete with a tail and horns, so the parents killed and skewered this child with a cast skewer to be exposed by the roadside. The folklorist
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1821:] (in Japanese). 監修小松和彦 ; 編集委員小松和彦, 常光徹, 山田奨治. 飯倉義之 (Saihan ed.). Tōkyō-to Chiyoda-ku: Tōkyōdō Shuppan. 2013. pp. 55–56.
2738:
1120:
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under the name of "Oroshiki Mono" ("Fearful Thing") in section 148, and their face-off with
Minamoto no Yorimitsu is also depicted in the
992:, and if one tries to shake them off, they would fall to the floor and then whirl up again and stick on. It is said that eventually, the
916:
In the beginning of the Edo Period, according to an old jōruri called "Ushi Gozen no Ohonchi" (Ushi Gozen's Original Place), the wife of
162:
among other places, there are many places names such as "ushi-oni fuchi" (ushi-oni stream pool) or "ushi-oni taki" (ushi-oni waterfall).
2702:
2261:
2022:
4953:
1878:
1826:
965:," and it is said to disappear by warming oneself at a hearth. This is thought to be similar to the atmospheric ghost light called
246:
connects to the sea at its bottom, and when the water gets dirty, people would say "the ushi-oni is there." Just encountering this
2731:
1923:
1371:
1894:
1182:(considered the original kind), and one covered by a black or red cloth (considered the development kind). The one with the
986:(now the eastern part of Tottori Prefecture), on snowy evenings, countless small firefly-like lights would collect on one's
617:, one at Shirakiyama, Tokushima Prefecture, and one at Negoro-ji, Kagawa Prefecture – are said to be where this took place.
2714:
4943:
4341:
2925:
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is the only one in the Tōyo region where ushi-oni appear. It dons a black cloth and is somewhat large with a round torso.
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at the river Mine no Kawa. In a tale from this prefecture, in a certain village, the livestock ox was killed and eaten by
181:
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They are said to appears in beaches, in mountains, in forests, in rivers, in swamps, and in lakes. They often appear in
128:
have brutal, savage personalites. Their appearance varies, mainly based on geographical location. They usually have an
3952:
306:, the person cannot avert his or her gaze. The person's soul or energy is drained and he or she dies. This is called "
1422:
is thought to appear after the bon festival on the 27th, so the people of this area would avoid the sea on this day.
701:
and other places in Western Japan and attacks fishermen. It is often depicted with a spider- or crab-like body. This
4933:
2605:
2293:
2210:
1850:
1498:, the monster Gozunagumo is depicted as a spider monster with an ox head on its torso drawing inspiration from the
1139:
are paraded. There are several explanations suggested for the origin of this, including the aforementioned view of
532:
fell into the stream pool and let out blood for 7 days and nights, and after that, bones with a length of about 7
2943:
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lived in it. A hunter from the village of Hase went out to hunt animals in their wallows, when he encountered an
1205:
plays the main role in the festival of the Uwajima region. In the Warei Festival performed from July 22 to 24,
950:
844:
795:
are told in western Japan, but in classical literature, there are many statements about a yōkai similar to the
378:
35:
3008:
508:, there is a tributary of the Kagami River called the Shigekura River where there is a stream pool called the
2907:
1469:
2429:
2319:
1986:
1971:
1057:
4474:
3624:
3257:
3026:
1636:
1504:
1442:
917:
860:, who jumped at the Ushijima Shrine opposite the river from Asakusa, and left behind an orb called the "
842:, and the 24 monks in the dining room was affected by its evil intent and fell ill, 7 of whom died. The
276:, and when this young lad was washed away by a flood two months later, he was saved by the shapeshifted
4069:
3478:
806:
629:
382:
1135:
and its surroundings, there is a local festival in which a procession of dashi (parade floats) called
929:, where it is said that he transformed into an ox 30 meters (about ten jō) in length and went insane.
358:
280:. However, it is said that an ushi-oni who saves a human must leave this world in exchange, so as the
1399:
1156:
1009:
579:
447:
61:
1209:
would take the stage not just in Uwajima, but also in the mountain regions and in Kōchi Prefecture (
1072:
slain by Yamada Kudando Takakiyo near the start of the Edo Period. According to the pictures in the
1020:
upon request from the local farmers who were being tormented by it, and then brought back its head.
895:
814:
643:, the shrine, Warei-jinja, built on the occasion of a house strife called the Warei Sōdō, holds the
4766:
3779:
3221:
1533:, possesses an unnamed Mythical Zoan Devil Fruit that transforms him into a creature resembling an
1375:
1210:
1089:
614:
295:
4602:
4033:
3860:
1128:
898:
states that Ushi Gozen's attack on the temple comes from a backdrop of a religious confrontation.
3095:
2762:
2599:
2287:
1844:
1566:
1544:
1233:
also appear in events in many areas, such as alongside the taiko floats of Niihama, or alongside
1160:
1028:
972:
958:
698:
536:
floated up. A small shrine was built and enshrined, so the shrine was called "Kawauchi-sama" and
430:
166:
4386:
4132:
1411:
1061:
921:
735:
appears in groups and sticks to travelers' bodies when they cross bridges on humid, rainy days.
505:
1360:
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4447:
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2080:
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1990:
1874:
1832:
1822:
1391:
1065:
988:
882:
810:
752:
748:
443:
417:
327:
323:
302:
are mountain-dwelling beasts. Legend says when a hiker or traveler makes eye contact with the
2425:
2315:
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1306:
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976:
967:
652:
625:
486:
406:
344:
331:
3275:
2699:
482:
was slain, and this is considered the origin of this prefecture's festival, the Momotesai.
385:(now Tomata District) mentions a paranormal phenomenon that it called "gyūki" (牛鬼). In the
4874:
4485:
4114:
3734:
3318:
2862:
2808:
2781:
2718:
2706:
2417:
2214:
2076:
2018:
2010:
1982:
1976:
1403:
1379:
1309:
establishments in the Uwajima region are sometimes decorated with things modeled after an
1290:
1234:
1005:
942:
903:
367:
227:
66:
4530:
4402:
4188:
4105:
2817:
2127:
1418:" (sea ox), a monster black ox that would crawl up from the ocean and wander about. This
1348:
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4907:
4902:
4892:
4856:
4676:
4629:
4438:
4391:
4141:
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3017:
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1596:
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1132:
983:
954:
728:
640:
557:
467:
426:
394:
223:
215:
207:
1626:
franchise has a monster called 'Gyukimon', whose design is based heavily on the Gyūki.
1433:
are the ancient Indian ox gods, so the incarnations of Daijizaiten (Shiva), Izanaten (
132:'s head with sharp upward-curving horns, wicked fangs and a slender tongue. They spit
4927:
4584:
3979:
3284:
3149:
3059:
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1407:
1337:
1258:
818:
605:
s blood flowed for 7 days and nights, becoming a stream pool. Various places called "
575:
397:
states that this is a once-deified mountain god who fell and became seen as a yōkai.
175:
47:
30:
4748:
3194:
1931:
442:
is also related to the origin of certain place names, and the island of Ushijima in
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4161:
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3460:
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1178:
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thrust a sword between its eyebrows and proceeded to cut its body into pieces. The
489:(now Kami), it is said that an old lady who lived around the area rescued a crying
155:
3336:
3266:
2844:
1902:
268:
The tale about the yōkai at Mio River pool is an extremely unusual story about an
1437:) and Enma-ten (Yama) are related, and that also related is the existence of the
1186:
is the smaller one. The development kind has a shiny yellow thing in its center.
1012:, a family called Kajima has enshrined a beast's skull told to have come from an
218:, and when the lord of the Gokasho castle, Aisu Shigeaki shot it with a bow, the
4712:
4647:
4611:
4593:
4575:
4566:
4557:
4429:
4368:
4206:
4123:
4051:
3997:
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3898:
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3714:
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3532:
3381:
3239:
3050:
2880:
2799:
2790:
2711:
2227:
1438:
1356:
839:
151:
1229:, among other places). Following the example of the Ehime Prefecture festival,
4897:
4757:
4703:
4620:
4548:
4539:
4411:
4377:
4305:
4296:
4251:
4197:
4087:
4006:
3851:
3833:
3770:
3642:
3615:
3496:
3435:
3399:
3203:
2970:
2853:
1294:
494:
186:
170:
3449:
2536:
2347:
2279:
1836:
632:
to state that large monsters that come from the sea may all have been called
4847:
4775:
4667:
4332:
4314:
4287:
4015:
3761:
3725:
3487:
3417:
3408:
3230:
3140:
3131:
3068:
1519:
1318:
707:
570:
411:
219:
179:, they are most often shown with the bovine head and a spider torso. In the
41:
4359:
3586:
3505:
3185:
2203:
835:
409:
to northern Kyushu, they are said to appear from the sea together with the
386:
230:, came to have bad relations with the Aisu, and ended up ruining the Aisu.
55:
779:
Legend says that Shirokiyama village and its people were terrorized by an
226:(dancer) who came from the capital. As a result, the seishitsu's parents,
4865:
4838:
4829:
4820:
4793:
4784:
4638:
4420:
4260:
4242:
4224:
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3390:
3345:
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3086:
2898:
2871:
1641:
1241:
1073:
1036:
909:
363:
314:(影を飲む)", which translates to "eating the shadow" or "drinking the soul".
102:
98:
2135:
4685:
4350:
4323:
4170:
3889:
3743:
3705:
3577:
3541:
3523:
3426:
3354:
3176:
3167:
3122:
3077:
2207:
1622:
1317:." They can also be sometimes seen at Uwajima eating establishments in
1249:
887:
800:
159:
21:
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where his Awakened form gives him ox-like horns and spider-like legs.
1434:
1048:
1024:
524:
with a body height of 7 shaku, the body of an ox, and the head of an
133:
2723:
2557:
920:, from a powerful family of the Heian period, had a dream where the
425:, so that is how one can discover their true identity. Likewise, in
4739:
4694:
4521:
4494:
4215:
4152:
4078:
4042:
3696:
3660:
1548:
manga and anime series, the beast known as Gyūki happens to be an
1526:
Gyūki: Yuzume is the name of an attack Zoro uses to defeat T-Bone.
1359:-shaped patterns would rise up from the sea and shout with a loud
1110:
1099:
822:
805:
764:
463:
336:
106:
54:
40:
20:
1477:
appears as a monster an ox dressed as a cowboy. It was unused in
890:, and Susanoo's harsh personality, there is the theory that this
747:
is depicted as a statue on the grounds of the Negoroji temple in
4730:
4233:
1031:, a mummified hand at the Kan'onji is said to be the hand of an
466:
3 (1776), in a year of drought in the village of Okanouchi (now
265:
with its favorite thing, some alcohol, every year at new years.
147:
have a reverse appearance, with an oni's head and an ox's body.
2727:
113:, but the depiction of a bovine-headed monster occurs in most.
4096:
3988:
697:
is a massive, brutal sea-monster which lives off the coast of
140:
117:
generally appear on beaches and attack people who walk there.
86:
2346:[The legend of Ushioni] (in Japanese). Archived from
1221:
appear in autumn festivals (such as small scale festivals in
1189:
Furthermore, there is a saying that "if children can get the
284:
was saving the young lad, deep red blood sprang out from the
1695:
834:
from the Kamakura Period, there is the following legend. In
685:
appear from the shores, and do not come from anywhere else.
339:, Jinrinki, who was not able to go in peace, turned into an
1151:, a story about how a person from Iyo slew the ushi-oni in
1016:. It is said that the Kajima family's ancestor's slew this
129:
139:
In other descriptions, they have the head of an ox and an
876:(guardian dogs), it instead is decorated with a pair of
493:
who fell and was trapped in a pot-shaped bowl about 2–3
1213:). These are made by the city staff of Uwajima and the
894:
is an incarnation of Susanoo, and the yōkai researcher
470:), a man named Jirōkichi was said to have witnessed an
4872:
4863:
4854:
4845:
4836:
4827:
4818:
4809:
4800:
4791:
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4710:
4701:
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4013:
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2824:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2788:
2779:
2770:
996:
and umbrella would all be covered with a green light.
1406:) called "Tsukuimon". Similarly, at a town along the
1253:
and are said to play the role of warding off devils.
1570:, Hibiki's desire to destroy all Makamou caused his
1147:
story of how Tōnai Zusho and Kuraki Heinojō slew an
1068:, there are some treasured horns said to be from an
705:
seems to be connected to another monster called the
4885:
3037:
2999:
2761:
1247:In the Nanyo region, they would be at the front of
2617:
2615:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2260:] (in Japanese). Vol. 2. 岩井宏實監修. 岩井, 宏実.
1257:also appear in festivals in the Cape Sada region,
1167:made "turtle shell carts" to the tigers of Korea.
775:Tokushima Prefecture, Shirokiyama Village (徳島県白木山)
1761:
1759:
1217:preservation societies of various regions. Also,
872:was deified as a god. At this shrine, instead of
590:blew a conch and chanted a mantra, whereupon the
2504:
2502:
1261:, Seiyo, the Kita District, among other places.
18:Type of yokai in Japanese mythology and folklore
109:. The folklore describes more than one kind of
2044:
2042:
1336:The autumn festival held at the Kamo Jinja in
80:
2739:
2700:Ehime Tourism Information: Sightseeing Routes
1739:
1737:
1735:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
941:(異説まちまち) by Wada Masamichi, a warrior of the
8:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
1305:" displayed as decoration. Besides this, in
560:is one of the most well known among all the
185:, a similar picture goes under the title of
1873:. Tokyo: Kōdansha. pp. 171, 179, 199.
1092:, Ehime Prefecture, but none remain today.
582:was called to slay it. Facing off with the
377:(作陽志), at the Ōhira Mountain in Koshihata,
2746:
2732:
2724:
1414:there is said to be something called the "
739:Kagawa Prefecture, Takamatsu City (香川県高松市)
2513:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF斉藤他2006 (
2491:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF宮本他2007 (
1770:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF宮本他2007 (
1591:'s soul and forces him to do its bidding.
351:by the horn and threw it away. After the
2626:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF水木2007 (
2401:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF横山1982 (
2169:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF笹間1994 (
2107:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF多田1999 (
2053:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF多田1990 (
1956:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF小松2015 (
1792:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF和田1984 (
1748:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF多田2000 (
1680:harvnb error: no target: CITEREF村上2000 (
2098:
2096:
1783:
1781:
1653:
1084:There are records that there were once
838:3 (1251), an ox-like yōkai appeared at
783:. It was defeated by a famous warrior.
356:place where the ox fell). Also, in the
2597:
2285:
2188:sfn error: no target: CITEREF山口他2007 (
1842:
1240:Since Uwajima become a sister city to
763:When night fishing in Kumihama Bay of
689:Shimane Prefecture, Iwami Area (島根県石見)
647:on July 23 and 24. Something like the
2664:sfn error: no target: CITEREF水木2007 (
2645:sfn error: no target: CITEREF村上2000 (
1429:surmises that in the backdrop of the
512:pool. Once, when it was known as the
291:s body as it melted and disappeared.
7:
2683:Mizuki Shigeru No Nihon Yōkai Meguri
1864:
1862:
1860:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
568:attacked people and livestock, so a
362:, which introduced the authority of
210:. It is said that there was once an
2508:
2486:
2183:
2148:「殺牛・殺馬の民俗学」、2015年、筒井功、河出書房新社、11‐13頁
1765:
1039:(1063). It had an ox's head and an
485:In the legends of Azahodo field in
2659:
2640:
2621:
2396:
2164:
2102:
2048:
1951:
1787:
1743:
1675:
1460:franchise had its adaption of the
1445:(who is also Tenman Daijizaiten).
1107:mask at the Warei-jinja at Uwajima
868:became a shrine treasure, and the
711:, who sometimes appears before an
14:
2685:. Japan: JTB. pp. 135–136.
2252:"水の妖怪" [Water monster].
1131:of Ehime Prefecture, especially
613:stream pool) – one at Tosayama,
501:never cursed these lands again.
880:(guardian oxen). It also has a
528:, so the hunter killed it. The
1382:) known called "Tōshimon", in
953:. According to this essay, in
677:appear. Both the accompanying
1:
2712:Negoro-ji Ushi-oni Shashinshū
2258:Japanese monster encyclopedia
2075:. 二見WAiWai文庫. Vol. 日本編.
1819:Japanese monster encyclopedia
1347:Besides Ehime Prefecture, on
1159:, and a story about how when
945:, there are statements about
759:Kyoto, Kumihama Bay (京都府久美浜湾)
214:in the caves of Gokasho-ura,
1930:. 2007-02-26. Archived from
1901:. 2004-01-17. Archived from
1483:, but it did make cameos in
1480:Mighty Morphin Power Rangers
1163:dispatched troops to Korea,
1121:National Museum of Ethnology
257:It is said that there is an
4873:
4864:
4855:
4846:
4837:
4828:
4819:
4810:
4801:
4792:
4783:
4774:
4765:
4756:
4747:
4738:
4729:
4720:
4711:
4702:
4693:
4684:
4675:
4666:
4657:
4646:
4637:
4628:
4619:
4610:
4601:
4592:
4583:
4574:
4565:
4556:
4547:
4538:
4529:
4520:
4511:
4502:
4493:
4484:
4473:
4464:
4455:
4446:
4437:
4428:
4419:
4410:
4401:
4385:
4376:
4367:
4358:
4349:
4340:
4331:
4322:
4313:
4304:
4295:
4286:
4277:
4268:
4259:
4250:
4241:
4232:
4223:
4214:
4205:
4196:
4187:
4178:
4169:
4160:
4151:
4140:
4131:
4122:
4113:
4104:
4095:
4086:
4077:
4068:
4059:
4050:
4041:
4032:
4023:
4014:
4005:
3996:
3987:
3978:
3969:
3960:
3951:
3942:
3933:
3924:
3915:
3906:
3897:
3888:
3879:
3868:
3859:
3850:
3841:
3832:
3823:
3814:
3805:
3796:
3787:
3778:
3769:
3760:
3751:
3742:
3733:
3724:
3713:
3704:
3695:
3686:
3677:
3668:
3659:
3650:
3641:
3632:
3623:
3614:
3603:
3594:
3585:
3576:
3567:
3558:
3549:
3540:
3531:
3522:
3513:
3504:
3495:
3486:
3477:
3468:
3459:
3443:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3407:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3371:
3362:
3353:
3344:
3335:
3326:
3317:
3301:
3292:
3283:
3274:
3265:
3256:
3247:
3238:
3229:
3220:
3211:
3202:
3193:
3184:
3175:
3166:
3157:
3148:
3139:
3130:
3121:
3112:
3103:
3094:
3085:
3076:
3067:
3058:
3049:
3025:
3016:
3007:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2915:
2906:
2897:
2888:
2879:
2870:
2861:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2825:
2816:
2807:
2798:
2789:
2780:
2771:
957:(now the northern parts of
933:As atmospheric ghost lights
901:Their name is mentioned in
668:There is a theory that the
620:Another theory is that the
366:who was established in the
206:is considered to curse the
4970:
2416:和田正路 (1961). "異説まちまち". In
1035:that appeared one year in
497:deep, and after that, the
335:the empress returned from
45:"Ushi-oni" (うし鬼) from the
1589:Kitaro (GeGeGe no Kitaro)
1495:Samurai Sentai Shinkenger
1486:Power Rangers Lost Galaxy
1390:called "Ushōnin", and in
845:Shinpen Musashi Fudoki Kō
450:is said to be because an
343:and attacked again. The
81:
59:"Ushi-oni" (牛鬼) from the
4954:Atmospheric ghost lights
2264:. 2000. pp. 20–24.
1613:, Minamoto Raikou is an
1529:One of the Five Elders,
1370:and ox god festivals in
951:atmospheric ghost lights
828:In writings such as the
36:Brigham Young University
2208:スペシャル企画 vol.2 牛鬼の歴史と仕組み
1600:, Urumi Ushizaki is an
1470:Ninja Sentai Kakuranger
1366:There are also similar
1289:On the premises of the
856:-like yōkai appears at
540:pool became called the
400:
4475:Yashima no Hage-tanuki
2604:: CS1 maint: others (
2292:: CS1 maint: others (
1928:宝木伝説 備前西大寺と南都西大寺とハンセン病
1849:: CS1 maint: others (
1696:"Ushi oni – Yokai.com"
1502:. He was adapted into
1124:
1108:
825:
723:The appearance of the
405:On the coast from the
310:(影を食う)" or sometimes "
69:
52:
38:
3009:Konjaku Monogatarishū
2584:. 1989. p. 169.
2535:. 根来寺. Archived from
1869:Chiba, Mikio (2014).
1505:Power Rangers Samurai
1443:Sugawara no Michizane
1372:Minamitakaki District
1114:
1103:
1076:of this temple, this
918:Minamoto no Mitsunaka
864:", or "ox orb". This
809:
58:
44:
24:
4944:Mythological bovines
3041:in Japanese Folklore
3039:Legendary Creatures
2368:伊保内裕美編, ed. (2008).
2122:市原麟一郎編, ed. (1979).
2079:. pp. 148–150.
1989:. pp. 183–184.
1531:St. Jaygarcia Saturn
1400:Kagoshima Prefecture
1157:Tokushima Prefecture
1010:Tokushima Prefecture
787:Classical literature
586:in the village, the
448:Yamaguchi Prefecture
3027:Uji Shūi Monogatari
2926:Taketori Monogatari
2662:, pp. 167–168.
1871:Zenkoku yōkai jiten
1376:Nagasaki Prefecture
937:In an essay titled
852:and states that an
693:Another well-known
664:Tsubaki root theory
296:Wakayama Prefecture
234:Wakayama Prefecture
2717:2007-02-22 at the
2705:2007-03-18 at the
2624:, pp. 152–154
2432:. pp. 52–53.
2213:2020-11-01 at the
2130:. pp. 27–29.
2051:, pp. 157–159
2025:. pp. 71–72.
1924:"牛窓・前島散策 牛轉・塵輪鬼伝説"
1719:search.lib.byu.edu
1617:called Ushi-Gozen.
1567:Kamen Rider Decade
1545:Nurarihyon no Mago
1449:In popular culture
1161:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
1125:
1109:
1029:Fukuoka Prefecture
973:Niigata Prefecture
959:Shimane Prefecture
826:
699:Shimane Prefecture
655:celebration, this
564:legends. Once, an
552:The legend of the
431:Shimane Prefecture
318:Okayama Prefecture
244:Nishimuro District
182:Hyakki Yagyō Emaki
70:
53:
39:
4934:Buddhist folklore
4921:
4920:
4448:Danzaburou-danuki
2953:Tsuru no Ongaeshi
2917:Shita-kiri Suzume
2773:Awa Tanuki Gassen
2755:Japanese folklore
2692:978-4-533-03956-0
2591:978-4-06-121057-8
2533:四国霊場第八十二番 青峰山 根来寺
2468:978-4-09-220325-9
2439:978-4-480-09162-8
2383:978-4-8130-6216-5
2329:978-4-480-08699-0
2271:978-4-309-61382-6
2232:公式ホームページ（愛媛県宇和島市）
2086:978-4-576-99102-3
2032:978-4-12-204386-2
1996:978-4-00-007121-5
1425:The comic artist
1066:Kagawa Prefecture
939:Isetsu Machimachi
799:appearing around
791:Folk tales about
753:Kagawa Prefecture
719:Izumo Region (出雲)
645:Ushi-oni Festival
630:Bintarō Yamaguchi
383:Mimisaka Province
322:In tales told in
62:Gazu Hyakki Yagyō
4961:
4878:
4869:
4860:
4851:
4842:
4833:
4824:
4815:
4806:
4797:
4788:
4779:
4770:
4761:
4752:
4743:
4734:
4725:
4716:
4707:
4698:
4689:
4680:
4671:
4662:
4651:
4642:
4633:
4624:
4615:
4606:
4597:
4588:
4579:
4570:
4561:
4552:
4543:
4534:
4525:
4516:
4507:
4498:
4489:
4478:
4469:
4466:Shibaemon-tanuki
4460:
4451:
4442:
4433:
4424:
4415:
4406:
4397:
4395:
4381:
4372:
4363:
4354:
4345:
4336:
4327:
4318:
4309:
4300:
4291:
4282:
4273:
4264:
4255:
4246:
4237:
4228:
4219:
4210:
4201:
4192:
4183:
4174:
4165:
4156:
4145:
4136:
4127:
4118:
4109:
4100:
4091:
4082:
4073:
4064:
4055:
4046:
4037:
4028:
4019:
4010:
4001:
3992:
3983:
3974:
3965:
3956:
3947:
3938:
3929:
3920:
3911:
3902:
3893:
3884:
3873:
3864:
3855:
3846:
3837:
3828:
3819:
3810:
3801:
3792:
3783:
3774:
3765:
3756:
3747:
3738:
3729:
3718:
3709:
3700:
3691:
3682:
3673:
3664:
3655:
3646:
3637:
3628:
3619:
3608:
3599:
3590:
3581:
3572:
3563:
3554:
3545:
3536:
3527:
3518:
3509:
3500:
3491:
3482:
3473:
3464:
3455:
3453:
3439:
3430:
3421:
3412:
3403:
3394:
3385:
3376:
3367:
3358:
3349:
3340:
3331:
3322:
3313:
3311:
3297:
3288:
3279:
3270:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3216:
3207:
3198:
3189:
3180:
3171:
3162:
3153:
3144:
3135:
3126:
3117:
3108:
3099:
3090:
3081:
3072:
3063:
3054:
3030:
3021:
3012:
2992:
2983:
2980:Yamata no Orochi
2974:
2965:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2911:
2908:Saru Kani Gassen
2902:
2893:
2884:
2875:
2866:
2857:
2848:
2839:
2836:Kachi-kachi Yama
2830:
2821:
2812:
2803:
2794:
2785:
2776:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2725:
2696:
2670:
2669:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2619:
2610:
2609:
2603:
2595:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2489:, pp. 32–33
2484:
2473:
2472:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2312:妖怪の民俗学・日本の見えない空間
2304:
2298:
2297:
2291:
2283:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2224:
2218:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2167:, pp. 23–25
2162:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2126:. Vol. 35.
2119:
2113:
2112:
2100:
2091:
2090:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2046:
2037:
2036:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1954:, pp. 60–61
1949:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1866:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1840:
1811:
1798:
1797:
1790:, pp. 46–51
1785:
1776:
1775:
1763:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1716:"Bakemono no e."
1712:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1678:, pp. 52–53
1673:
1610:Fate/Grand Order
1580:Gegege no Kitaro
1388:Ehime Prefecture
1307:regional cuisine
1045:
977:Shiga Prefecture
848:quotes from the
653:Chinese New Year
626:Ehime Prefecture
615:Kōchi Prefecture
604:
548:Ehime Prefecture
516:(moss) pool, an
458:Kōchi Prefecture
454:appeared there.
359:Hachiman Gudōkun
345:Sumiyoshi sanjin
290:
90:
84:
83:
51:by Sawaki Suushi
4969:
4968:
4964:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4917:
4881:
4875:Zashiki-warashi
4389:
4133:Rashōmon no oni
3479:Hitotsume-nyūdō
3447:
3305:
3040:
3033:
2995:
2863:Kobutori Jiisan
2809:Hanasaka Jiisan
2782:Bunbuku Chagama
2757:
2752:
2719:Wayback Machine
2707:Wayback Machine
2693:
2679:Mizuki, Shigeru
2677:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2658:
2654:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2625:
2620:
2613:
2596:
2592:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2542:
2540:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2507:
2500:
2490:
2485:
2476:
2469:
2461:. p. 150.
2452:
2451:
2447:
2440:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2353:
2351:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2330:
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2217:』 - 宇和島市観光物産協会.
2215:Wayback Machine
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2021:. Vol. 下.
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1412:Ōsumi Peninsula
1404:Ichikikushikino
1351:, there is the
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1291:Uwajima Station
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1272:
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1199:
1173:
1143:being holy, an
1123:, Suita, Osaka)
1098:
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943:Sekiyado Domain
935:
904:The Pillow Book
789:
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550:
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403:
379:Tomata District
368:Kamakura period
320:
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242:stream pool in
236:
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193:Legends by area
123:
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67:Sekien Toriyama
19:
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4900:
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4893:Kunio Yanagita
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3465:
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3364:Futakuchi-onna
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3213:Ashinagatenaga
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2989:Yotsuya Kaidan
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2890:Nezumi no Sumō
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2453:水木しげる (2005).
2445:
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2389:
2382:
2376:. p. 31.
2360:
2335:
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2322:. p. 34.
2299:
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1597:Touhou Project
1592:
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1539:
1538:
1527:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1508:as Arachnitor.
1490:
1450:
1447:
1427:Mizuki Shigeru
1396:Hioki District
1333:
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1153:Kaifu District
1117:ushi-oni dashi
1097:
1094:
1001:
998:
984:Inaba Province
982:In legends of
955:Izumo Province
934:
931:
896:Kenji Murakami
815:Ushijima Jinja
788:
785:
776:
773:
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737:
720:
717:
690:
687:
665:
662:
649:dragon dancers
641:Uwajima Domain
624:that infested
607:ushi-oni fuchi
594:recoiled. The
549:
546:
459:
456:
402:
399:
395:Kunio Yanagita
319:
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208:Mie Prefecture
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4603:Chōchin'obake
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4585:Biwa-bokuboku
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4457:Inugami Gyōbu
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3861:Mikoshi-nyūdō
3857:
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3312:
3309:
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3286:
3285:Daidarabotchi
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3160:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3150:Amazake-babaa
3146:
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3134:
3133:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3116:
3115:
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3089:
3088:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3060:Abura-sumashi
3056:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3036:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3011:
3010:
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3004:
3002:
2998:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2962:Urashima Tarō
2958:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2935:Tamamo-no-Mae
2931:
2928:
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2918:
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2900:
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2828:
2823:
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2814:
2811:
2810:
2805:
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2801:
2796:
2793:
2792:
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2783:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2768:
2766:
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2737:
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2698:
2694:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2667:
2661:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2643:, p. 63.
2642:
2637:
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2629:
2623:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2593:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2539:on 2012-12-23
2538:
2534:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2511:, p. 113
2510:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2494:
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2483:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2470:
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2456:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2412:
2409:
2404:
2399:, p. 217
2398:
2393:
2390:
2385:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2364:
2361:
2350:on 2012-12-23
2349:
2345:
2339:
2336:
2331:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
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2300:
2295:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2248:
2245:
2234:(in Japanese)
2233:
2229:
2228:"うわじま牛鬼まつりとは"
2223:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2180:
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2129:
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2056:
2050:
2045:
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2034:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1948:
1945:
1934:on 2009-11-07
1933:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1905:on 2008-06-14
1904:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1882:
1880:9784062922708
1876:
1872:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1828:9784490108378
1824:
1820:
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1806:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1746:, p. 161
1745:
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1471:
1466:
1465:
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1459:
1458:
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1448:
1446:
1444:
1441:that shrines
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:Kagoshima Bay
1405:
1401:
1397:
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1389:
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1269:
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1238:
1236:
1235:danjiri carts
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1165:Katō Kiyomasa
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1113:
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1095:
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1079:
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1063:
1060:on Aonomine,
1059:
1054:
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1050:
1042:
1038:
1034:
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1026:
1021:
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985:
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978:
974:
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969:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
932:
930:
928:
923:
922:Kitano Tenjin
919:
914:
912:
911:
906:
905:
899:
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893:
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635:
631:
627:
623:
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601:
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593:
589:
585:
581:
580:Kita District
577:
573:
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567:
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559:
555:
547:
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531:
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436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
414:
413:
408:
407:San'in region
401:San'in region
398:
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388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
360:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
332:Empress Jingū
329:
325:
317:
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309:
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301:
297:
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287:
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279:
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217:
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197:
192:
190:
188:
184:
183:
178:
177:
176:Hyakkai Zukan
172:
168:
163:
161:
157:
154:, and in the
153:
148:
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142:
137:
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131:
127:
120:
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112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
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88:
77:
76:
68:
64:
63:
57:
50:
49:
48:Hyakkai Zukan
43:
37:
33:
32:
31:Bakemono no e
27:
23:
16:
4721:
4659:Tsurara-onna
4162:Onihitokuchi
4115:Kijo/Onibaba
4106:Ibaraki-dōji
3798:Kuda-gitsune
3461:Hito-gitsune
2818:Hyakki Yagyō
2682:
2655:
2636:
2577:
2572:
2561:. Retrieved
2552:
2541:. Retrieved
2537:the original
2532:
2523:
2454:
2448:
2421:
2411:
2392:
2369:
2363:
2352:. Retrieved
2348:the original
2344:"牛鬼（うしおに）伝説"
2338:
2311:
2302:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2236:. Retrieved
2231:
2222:
2204:イベントカレンダー 牛鬼
2198:
2179:
2144:
2123:
2117:
2105:, p. 65
2072:
2063:
2014:
2005:
1975:
1966:
1947:
1936:. Retrieved
1932:the original
1927:
1918:
1907:. Retrieved
1903:the original
1898:
1889:
1870:
1818:
1814:
1768:, p. 88
1723:. Retrieved
1718:
1710:
1699:. Retrieved
1690:
1621:
1614:
1608:
1601:
1595:
1584:
1578:
1571:
1565:
1556:
1549:
1543:
1542:In both the
1534:
1518:
1514:
1513:Elements of
1503:
1499:
1493:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1461:
1457:Super Sentai
1455:
1430:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1367:
1365:
1352:
1349:Amami Ōshima
1346:
1335:
1329:
1314:
1310:
1302:
1298:
1279:
1275:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1239:
1230:
1218:
1214:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1148:
1145:Iyo Province
1140:
1136:
1129:Nanyo Region
1126:
1116:
1104:
1096:In festivals
1085:
1083:
1077:
1069:
1055:
1047:
1040:
1032:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1003:
993:
987:
981:
966:
962:
946:
938:
936:
927:Sumida River
915:
908:
902:
900:
891:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
858:Sumida River
853:
850:Azuma Kagami
849:
843:
831:Azuma Kagami
829:
827:
796:
792:
790:
780:
778:
768:
762:
744:
743:Yet another
742:
732:
724:
722:
712:
706:
702:
694:
692:
682:
678:
674:
669:
667:
656:
638:
633:
621:
619:
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606:
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595:
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587:
583:
569:
565:
561:
553:
551:
541:
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533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
503:
498:
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484:
479:
475:
471:
461:
451:
439:
434:
422:
416:
410:
404:
390:
374:
372:
357:
352:
348:
347:grabbed the
340:
321:
312:Kage wo nomu
311:
307:
303:
299:
293:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
267:
262:
258:
256:
251:
247:
239:
237:
211:
203:
201:
180:
174:
173:such as the
164:
156:Kinki region
152:stream pools
149:
144:
138:
125:
124:
114:
110:
93:
92:
74:
73:
71:
60:
46:
29:
25:
15:
4913:Inoue Enryō
4886:Folklorists
4612:Ittan-momen
4594:Boroboroton
4567:Abumi-guchi
4558:Tsukumogami
4390: [
4207:Osakabehime
4142:Shuten-dōji
4052:Oboroguruma
3899:Mokumokuren
3870:Miage-nyūdō
3753:Konaki-jiji
3533:Ishinagenjo
3448: [
3382:Gashadokuro
3306: [
3240:Bake-kujira
3159:Amefurikozō
3051:Abura-akago
3018:Otogi-zōshi
2944:Tawara Tōda
2827:Issun-bōshi
2791:Hachikazuki
2580:. 梅棹忠夫他監修.
2455:水木しげる 妖怪百物語
2372:. ミリオンムック.
2370:UMA未知生物衝撃映像
2073:水木しげるの妖怪百物語
308:Kage wo kuu
224:shirabyōshi
167:yōkai emaki
121:Description
105:of western
89:; ox demon)
4928:Categories
4898:Keigo Seki
4621:Kasa-obake
4549:Tsuchinoko
4540:Tsuchigumo
4412:Sunekosuri
4387:Shussebora
4306:Shidaidaka
4297:Shachihoko
4252:Rokurokubi
4198:Ootakemaru
4034:Nyūdō-bōzu
4007:Nurarihyon
3980:Noppera-bō
3852:Mikaribaba
3771:Koromodako
3643:Kasa-obake
3616:Kamaitachi
3436:Hiderigami
3400:Hanako-san
3276:Chimimōryō
3204:Aosaginohi
2971:Uriko-hime
2563:2008-12-08
2558:"まつりインハワイ"
2543:2014-08-12
2354:2014-08-12
2238:2018-12-03
2136:BN01286946
1938:2014-08-12
1909:2008-12-08
1725:2018-12-15
1701:2018-12-15
1648:References
1517:appear in
1295:Yosan Line
1293:on the JR
1237:in Saijo.
1062:Goshikidai
228:Kitabatake
187:Tsuchigumo
171:Edo Period
4848:Yuki-onna
4776:Yamajijii
4668:Tsurubebi
4531:Tōfu-kozō
4333:Shinigami
4315:Shikigami
4288:Sazae-oni
4016:Nure-onna
3762:Korpokkur
3726:Kitsunebi
3488:Hone-onna
3418:Hashihime
3409:Harionago
3337:Funayūrei
3267:Binbōgami
3231:Azukiarai
3141:Amanozako
3132:Amanojaku
3069:Aka Manto
2845:Kasa Jizō
2763:Folktales
2600:cite book
2420:編 (ed.).
2288:cite book
2280:676388035
2015:日本怪談集 妖怪篇
1895:"牛窓町のはなし"
1845:cite book
1837:852779765
1815:日本怪異妖怪大事典
1721:. c. 1700
1520:One Piece
1361:charamela
1332:of Kikuma
1319:Matsuyama
1211:Nishitosa
1197:Festivals
1090:Kumakōgen
1058:Negoro-ji
866:ushi-tama
862:ushi-tama
749:Takamatsu
708:nure-onna
679:nure-onna
596:yamabushi
588:yamabushi
571:yamabushi
412:nure-onna
375:Sakuyōshi
220:seishitsu
216:Minamiise
101:from the
4839:Yosuzume
4794:Yamawaro
4785:Yama-uba
4767:Yamabiko
4722:Ushi-oni
4713:Umi zatō
4648:Ungaikyō
4639:Menreiki
4576:Bakezōri
4421:Takaonna
4342:Shiranui
4261:Samebito
4225:Otoroshi
4124:Kidōmaru
4025:Nurikabe
3998:Nuppeppō
3971:Noderabō
3944:Namahage
3917:Mononoke
3825:Kuzunoha
3780:Kotobuki
3715:Hakuzōsu
3679:Kijimuna
3670:Keukegen
3625:Kamikiri
3605:Nekomata
3596:Bakeneko
3569:Jorōgumo
3560:Jinmenju
3551:Janjanbi
3445:Hinezumi
3346:Furaribi
3303:Dorotabō
3294:Dodomeki
3222:Ayakashi
3087:Akashita
2899:Oto-hime
2881:Momotarō
2872:Kurozuka
2800:Hakuzōsu
2715:Archived
2703:Archived
2681:(2001).
2509:斉藤他 2006
2487:宮本他 2007
2310:(2002).
2211:Archived
2184:山口他 2007
2071:(1987).
2013:(2004).
1974:(1993).
1766:宮本他 2007
1642:Minotaur
1631:See also
1615:ushi-oni
1602:ushi-oni
1585:ushi-oni
1550:ushi-oni
1535:ushi-oni
1515:ushi-oni
1500:ushi-oni
1475:ushi-oni
1462:ushi-oni
1439:Tenmangū
1431:ushi-oni
1368:ushi-oni
1353:ushi-oni
1330:ushi-oni
1311:ushi-oni
1299:ushi-oni
1276:Ushi-oni
1255:Ushi-oni
1242:Honolulu
1231:ushi-oni
1219:ushi-oni
1215:ushi-oni
1207:ushi-oni
1203:ushi-oni
1191:ushi-oni
1149:ushi-oni
1141:ushi-oni
1137:ushi-oni
1105:Ushi-oni
1086:ushi-oni
1078:ushi-oni
1070:ushi-oni
1049:nenbutsu
1033:ushi-oni
1018:ushi-oni
1014:ushi-oni
963:ushi-oni
947:ushi-oni
910:Taiheiki
892:ushi-oni
883:nadeushi
878:komaushi
870:ushi-oni
854:ushi-oni
840:Sensō-ji
811:Nadeushi
797:ushi-oni
793:ushi-oni
781:ushi-oni
769:ushi-oni
745:ushi-oni
733:ushi-oni
725:ushi-oni
713:ushi-oni
703:ushi-oni
695:ushi-oni
683:ushi-oni
681:and the
675:ushi-oni
670:ushi-oni
657:ushi-oni
634:ushi-oni
622:ushi-oni
611:ushi-oni
600:ushi-oni
592:ushi-oni
584:ushi-oni
566:ushi-oni
562:ushi-oni
554:ushi-oni
542:ushi-oni
530:ushi-oni
522:ushi-oni
518:ushi-oni
510:ushi-oni
506:Tosayama
499:ushi-oni
491:ushi-oni
480:ushi-oni
476:ushi-oni
472:ushi-oni
452:ushi-oni
440:ushi-oni
435:ushi-oni
423:ushi-oni
418:iso-onna
391:ushi-oni
364:Hachiman
353:ushi-oni
349:ushi-oni
341:ushi-oni
330:), when
328:Setouchi
324:Ushimado
304:ushi-oni
300:ushi-oni
286:ushi-oni
282:ushi-oni
278:ushi-oni
274:ushi-oni
270:ushi-oni
263:ushi-oni
259:ushi-oni
252:ushi-oni
248:ushi-oni
240:ushi-oni
212:ushi-oni
204:ushi-oni
145:ushi-oni
126:Ushi-oni
115:Ushi-oni
111:ushi-oni
103:folklore
75:ushi-oni
34:scroll,
26:Ushi-oni
4749:Wanyūdō
4704:Umibōzu
4686:Ubagabi
4378:Shōkera
4351:Shirime
4324:Shikome
4171:Onikuma
4088:Ōmukade
3890:Mizuchi
3744:Komainu
3706:Kitsune
3661:Kawauso
3578:Jubokko
3542:Isonade
3524:Inugami
3497:Hyōsube
3427:Hibagon
3195:Aonyōbō
3177:Amikiri
3168:Ameonna
3123:Aoandon
3096:Akateko
3078:Akaname
2854:Kintarō
2660:水木 2007
2641:村上 2000
2622:水木 2007
2426:ちくま学芸文庫
2397:横山 1982
2316:ちくま学芸文庫
2254:日本の妖怪百科
2165:笹間 1994
2103:多田 1999
2049:多田 1990
1952:小松 2015
1788:和田 1984
1744:多田 2000
1676:村上 2000
1623:Digimon
1587:steals
1420:unmushi
1416:unmushi
1410:in the
1384:Uwajima
1342:Imabari
1265:History
1250:mikoshi
1223:Akehama
1133:Uwajima
1127:In the
1088:around
1074:scrolls
888:Susanoo
874:komainu
813:at the
801:Asakusa
727:in the
639:In the
558:Uwajima
169:of the
160:Shikoku
97:, is a
28:, from
4812:Yobuko
4803:Yanari
4513:Tenome
4504:Tennin
4430:Tanuki
4403:Sōjōbō
4360:Shiryō
4279:Satori
4270:Sankai
4189:Ōnyūdō
3962:Ningyo
3953:Namazu
3935:Mujina
3908:Momiji
3881:Misaki
3843:Mazoku
3816:Kumiho
3735:Kodama
3688:Kinoko
3587:Kaibyō
3515:Ikuchi
3506:Ikiryō
3373:Gagoze
3328:Enenra
3319:Dragon
3186:Aobōzu
3114:Amabie
2689:
2588:
2578:日本語大辞典
2529:"牛鬼伝説"
2465:
2436:
2422:奇談異聞辞典
2380:
2374:ミリオン出版
2326:
2278:
2268:
2262:河出書房新社
2134:
2083:
2029:
2023:中央公論新社
1993:
1981:. ワイド版
1899:岡山博物図鑑
1877:
1835:
1825:
1558:Naruto
1473:, the
1435:Ishana
1392:Ichiki
1357:madara
1338:Kikuma
1297:is an
1278:mask (
1259:Mikame
1025:Kurume
1000:Relics
968:minobi
836:Kenchō
819:Sumida
576:Kawabe
544:pool.
487:Monobe
444:Hikari
387:Kan'ei
134:poison
4949:Yōkai
4866:Yūrei
4830:Yōsei
4821:Yōkai
4740:Waira
4695:Ubume
4522:Tesso
4495:Tengu
4394:]
4369:Shōjō
4243:Raijū
4216:Osaki
4180:Onryō
4153:Onibi
4079:Okubi
4070:Okiku
4043:Obake
3926:Mōryō
3834:Kyubi
3807:Kudan
3697:Kirin
3652:Kasha
3634:Kappa
3452:]
3391:Goryō
3310:]
3258:Basan
3105:Akuma
3000:Texts
2256:[
2124:日本の民話
2069:水木しげる
1979:・山の人生
1817:[
1583:, an
1402:(now
1380:Unzen
1378:(now
1270:Other
1227:Seiyo
1184:shuro
1179:shuro
1171:Shape
1044:'
1037:Kōhei
823:Tokyo
765:Kyoto
729:Izumo
651:at a
603:'
574:from
534:shaku
464:Meiwa
429:(now
427:Iwami
337:Silla
326:(now
289:'
107:Japan
99:yōkai
94:gyūki
91:, or
85:, ox
4758:Yako
4731:Uwan
4234:Ouni
4061:Oiwa
3355:Fūri
3249:Baku
2687:ISBN
2666:help
2647:help
2628:help
2606:link
2586:ISBN
2515:help
2493:help
2463:ISBN
2434:ISBN
2430:筑摩書房
2418:柴田宵曲
2403:help
2378:ISBN
2324:ISBN
2320:筑摩書房
2294:link
2276:OCLC
2266:ISBN
2206:』, 『
2190:help
2171:help
2132:NCID
2109:help
2081:ISBN
2077:二見書房
2055:help
2027:ISBN
2019:中公文庫
2011:今野圓輔
1991:ISBN
1987:岩波書店
1983:岩波文庫
1977:遠野物語
1972:柳田國男
1958:help
1875:ISBN
1851:link
1833:OCLC
1823:ISBN
1794:help
1772:help
1750:help
1682:help
1637:Gozu
1620:The
1454:The
1328:The
1315:kabu
1303:kabu
1280:kabu
1201:The
1115:The
1006:Anan
994:mino
989:mino
975:and
538:koke
514:koke
468:Kami
415:and
373:The
238:The
202:The
158:and
72:The
4939:Oni
4486:Ten
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