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469:, which Gen. Sigel commanded. West Virginia had been created by the Federal government as a Union state in 1863, but many of the Confederate troops defending the Valley had been recruited in the new state. Grant ordered Sigel to move "up the Valley" (i.e., southwest to the higher elevations) with 10,000 men to destroy the Confederate railroad, hospital and supply center at
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1180:(an important town and transportation center that changed hands 75 times in the war), Sheridan attacked Early's camp at Opequon Creek just outside the town. Sustaining ruinous casualties, Early retreated from what was the largest battle in all three of the Valley campaigns, taking up defensive positions at Fisher's Hill.
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In a surprise attack, Early smashed two-thirds of the Union army, but his troops were hungry and exhausted and fell out of their ranks to pillage the Union camp. Sheridan, in a ride from
Winchester, managed to rally his troops and utterly rout Early's men, and the Confederates lost everything they
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Commanding
General Robert E. Lee was concerned about Hunter's advances in the Valley, which threatened critical railroad lines and provisions for the Virginia-based Confederate forces. He sent Jubal Early's corps to sweep Union forces from the Valley and, if possible, to menace
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Wright withdrew, thinking Early was no longer a threat. Early attacked him to prevent or delay his return to Grant's forces besieging
Petersburg. Union troops were routed, streaming through the streets of Winchester. Early pursued and burned
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Grant finally lost patience with Hunter, particularly his allowing Early to burn
Chambersburg, and knew that Washington remained vulnerable if Early was still on the loose. He found a new commander aggressive enough to defeat Early:
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Two
Confederate divisions crossed Opequon Creek and forced a Union cavalry division back to Charles Town; the Confederate offensive against the city was repulsed and their advance permanently halted.
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A minor engagement in which Early attempted to stop
Sheridan's march up the Valley. Early withdrew to Opequon Creek when he realized he was in a poor position for attacking Sheridan's full force.
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from May to
October 1864. Some military historians divide this period into three separate campaigns. This article considers them together, as the campaigns interacted and built upon one another.
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replaced Sigel. As discussed below he initiated another strike to the south, eventually burning VMI in retaliation for the Jones-Imboden Raid as well as subsequent actions of VMI cadets.
551:'s home, in addition to shelling and burning the Virginia Military Institute. They seized the statue of George Washington, and nearly destroyed the campus. (VMI moved its classes to the
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in
November. The goal was to deny the Confederacy the means of feeding and supplying its armies in Virginia, and Sheridan's army ruthlessly burned crops, barns, mills, and factories.
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1258:. Most of the men of Early's corps rejoined Lee at Petersburg in December, while Early remained in the Valley to command a skeleton force. He was defeated at the
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Grant devised a coordinated strategy that would strike at the heart of the
Confederacy from multiple directions: he would join with Meade and Maj. Gen.
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constructed a defense line in the hills just southwest of the city. When McCausland fell back, Averell's cavalry pursued, engaging in the afternoon
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616:, when Early's initial units arrived, Hunter thought his forces outnumbered. Hunter, short on supplies, retreated back through West Virginia.
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and his troops arrived in
Lynchburg on June 17 at 1 p.m. Although Hunter had planned to destroy railroads and hospitals in Lynchburg, and the
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on March 2, 1865, after which Lee removed him from his command because the Confederate government and people had lost confidence in him.
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Early attacked a fort on the northwest defensive perimeter of Washington without success and withdrew across the Potomac to Virginia.
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After his missions of neutralizing Early and suppressing the Valley's military-related economy, Sheridan returned to assist Grant at
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The Last Battle of Winchester: Phil Sheridan, Jubal Early, and the Shenandoah Valley Campaign, August 7–September 19, 1864
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Confederate cavalry returning from the Chambersburg burning were surprised in the early morning and defeated by Union cavalry.
594:. Union forces launched another attack on McCausland and Imboden that evening, and the Confederates retreated from New London.
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815:. Several small cavalry skirmishes occurred throughout the day as the Federals attempted to harass Early's column.
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779:. This battle delayed his progress enough to allow the Union time to reinforce the defenses of Washington.
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The first campaign started with Grant's planned invasion of the Shenandoah Valley from the Department of
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544:'s cavalry division to join him in Lexington. While awaiting their arrival, Union forces burned former
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demanded a cautious approach, avoiding any disaster that might lead to the defeat of Abraham Lincoln.
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Union cavalry attacked Early's supply trains at Purcellville as the Confederates withdrew across the
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Joined by Duffié on June 13, Hunter sent Averell to drive McCausland out of Buchanan and capture the
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741:. Early got off to a good start. He drove downriver through the Valley without opposition, bypassed
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Early's Invasion of the North and operations against the B&O Railroad (June–August 1864)
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would invade the Shenandoah Valley and destroy Lee's supply lines; Maj. Gen. Sherman would attack
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As Early began a pursuit of Sheridan, Union cavalry routed two divisions of Confederate cavalry.
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1209:, Lincoln's re-election now seemed assured. Sheridan moved slowly down the Valley, conducting a
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With Early damaged and pinned down, the Valley lay open to the Union. And because of Sherman's
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1683:. Military Campaigns of the Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
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and his cavalry to join McCausland. Breckinridge arrived in Lynchburg the next day. Maj. Gen.
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1982:
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Janda, Lance. "Shutting the gates of mercy: The American origins of total war, 1860-1880."
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2017:
1987:
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A Memoir of the Last Year of the War for Independence in the Confederate States of America
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563:
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1075:'s Union cavalry division surprised the Confederate columns while they were crossing the
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forces and their economic base would bring the Civil War to an end. He determined to use
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1668:. Edited by Gary W. Gallagher. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2001.
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138:
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1942:
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877:, along the way in retaliation for Hunter's previous destruction in the Valley.
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142:
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2120:
1378:"Brunch at New London helped delay Union march | Local News | newsadvance.com"
290:
1655:"General Jubal A. Early tells his story of his advance upon Washington, D.C."
521:
at the Battle of the Piedmont. Jones died in the battle, and Hunter occupied
3551:
309:
1627:. Baltimore: Nautical & Aviation Publishing Company of America, 1989.
457:
308:
in command of most of the Western armies. Grant understood the concept of
186:
Defenses of the Potomac River & Washington (Mid July - August 1, 1864)
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562:
bridge. But McCausland burned the bridge and fled. Hunter joined General
461:
The ruins of the Virginia Military Institute after Hunter's Raid in 1864.
266:
1344:
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in Buchanan on June 14 and on June 15 advanced via the road between the
1246:
had gained in the morning. This victory helped Lincoln get re-elected.
899:
487:
Sigel was intercepted and defeated by 4,000 troops and cadets from the
363:
1642:. Emerging Civil War Series. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2013.
1734:
1165:
1042:. Sheridan initially started slowly, primarily because the impending
381:
1198:, routing the Confederates with moderate losses. Early retreated to
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and routed it. Early withdrew his army south to Fisher's Hill, near
528:
On June 11 Hunter, who had continued to strike southward, fought at
1024:
448:
927:
Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley campaign (August–October 1864)
729:, hoping to compel Grant to dilute his forces against Lee around
54:
Funkhoser House and Farm, Toms Brook, Shenandoah County, Virginia
926:
836:
Early attacked and repulsed pursuing Union forces under Wright.
536:'s Confederate cavalry, which retreated to the mountains around
4354:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
3899:
3288:
2852:
2075:
1776:
1738:
1583:
Struggle for the Shenandoah: Essays on the 1864 Valley Campaign
934:
627:
385:
749:, and advanced into Maryland. Grant dispatched a corps under
257:
began as operations initiated by Union Lieutenant General
4431:
Campaigns of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
304:
remained the commander of that army. Grant kept Maj. Gen.
4426:
Military operations of the American Civil War in Virginia
4421:
Military operations of the American Civil War in Maryland
1071:
were sent from Petersburg to reinforce Early. Brig. Gen.
733:. Early was operating in the same area where Confederate
1029:
Shenandoah Valley operations, August–October 1864
850:
A Union division attacked a Confederate division under
413:
1704:
Lewis, Thomas A., and the Editors of Time-Life Books.
1706:
The Shenandoah in Flames: The Valley Campaign of 1864
1640:
Bloody Autumn: The Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864
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1968:
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1176:and had removed infantry and artillery from nearby
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Baltimore and Ohio Railroad § Civil War period
293:armies. He chose to make his headquarters with the
453:Shenandoah Valley operations, May–July 1864
4040:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
1172:that Early had dispersed his forces to raid the
1089:Also known as Flowing Springs or Cameron's Depot
517:Hunter resumed the Union offensive and defeated
1600:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007.
1585:. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1991.
574:that evening. Meanwhile, Confederate Maj. Gen.
34:
3864:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
1750:
946:
639:
397:
261:and resulting battles that took place in the
8:
1638:Davis, Daniel T., and Phillip S. Greenwalt.
1300:, History Press, 2011, pg. 128-130, pg. 141
1104:. Sheridan conducted a fighting withdrawal.
1723:. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2013.
1598:Shenandoah Summer: The 1864 Valley Campaign
659:and operations against the B&O Railroad
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2534:
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2101:
2072:
1784:
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1743:
1735:
1341:"Hunter's Raid, Civil War Travels website"
953:
939:
931:
757:to reinforce Washington and pursue Early.
646:
632:
624:
404:
390:
382:
31:
1708:. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1987.
1612:National Park Service battle descriptions
27:American Civil War operations and battles
1953:Treatment of slaves in the United States
1152:
1108:Smithfield Crossing (August 25–29)
1100:Early and Anderson struck Sheridan near
456:
378:Lynchburg campaign (May–June 1864)
3696:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
1868:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
1289:
1194:Sheridan hit Early in an early-morning
1056:Also known as Front Royal or Cedarville
374:, an important port on the Gulf Coast.
173:Department of West Virginia (June 1864)
3681:Modern display of the Confederate flag
1681:The Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864
1625:Jubal Early's Raid on Washington, 1864
1183:
887:Also known as the Battle of Cumberland
1878:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
1184:Fisher's Hill (September 21–22)
912:Also known as the Battle of Oldfields
771:Early defeated a smaller force under
7:
796:
327:tactics in some important theaters.
4035:Committee on the Conduct of the War
3711:United Daughters of the Confederacy
1142:Also known as the Battle of Opequon
35:Shenandoah Valley campaigns of 1864
4105:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
3444:impeachment managers investigation
1823:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
737:had conducted his successful 1862
25:
3530:Reconstruction military districts
1978:Abolitionism in the United States
1933:Plantations in the American South
1848:Origins of the American Civil War
1220:
312:and believed, as did Sherman and
4384:
4375:
4374:
3513:Enforcement Act of February 1871
3486:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
1122:Berryville (September 3–4)
319:, that only the utter defeat of
197:(August 1, 1864 – June 27, 1865)
115:
102:
48:
4298:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
4160:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
3721:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
1298:West Virginia and the Civil War
1136:Third Winchester (September 19)
880:
783:Fort Stevens (July 11–12)
4416:1864 in the American Civil War
3401:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
1659:Washington National Republican
839:
819:Cool Spring (July 17–18)
592:Skirmish at New London Academy
203:Department of Western Virginia
1:
3816:Ladies' Memorial Associations
3518:Enforcement Act of April 1871
3414:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
1319:, National Park Service (NPS)
1114:Battle of Smithfield Crossing
1044:presidential election of 1864
825:Also known as Snicker's Ferry
797:Heaton's Crossroads (July 16)
735:Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson
183:(detachment) (June-July 1864)
123:Confederate States of America
3949:Confederate revolving cannon
3691:Sons of Confederate Veterans
3562:South Carolina riots of 1876
3540:Indian Council at Fort Smith
3491:South Carolina riots of 1876
3456:Knights of the White Camelia
1948:Slavery in the United States
1623:Cooling, Benjamin Franklin.
1213:campaign that would presage
598:Lynchburg (June 17–18)
491:under Confederate Maj. Gen.
223:40,000 (August-October 1864)
4303:New York City riots of 1863
4128:Battle Hymn of the Republic
3879:United Confederate Veterans
3716:Children of the Confederacy
3706:United Confederate Veterans
3701:Southern Historical Society
2333:Price's Missouri Expedition
1803:Timeline leading to the War
1696:Journal of Military History
1157:Sheridan's final charge at
1102:Charles Town, West Virginia
846:Battle of Rutherford's Farm
840:Rutherford's Farm (July 20)
489:Virginia Military Institute
4447:
4271:Confederate Secret Service
3859:Grand Army of the Republic
3751:Grand Army of the Republic
3569:Southern Claims Commission
1238:
1224:
1215:Sherman's March to the Sea
1187:
1146:
1125:
1111:
1093:
1060:
966:Shenandoah Valley campaign
916:
891:
875:Chambersburg, Pennsylvania
868:Second Battle of Kernstown
865:
862:Second Kernstown (July 24)
843:
829:
800:
786:
764:
717:
601:
519:William E. "Grumble" Jones
510:
495:. His forces retreated to
480:
4370:
4259:Confederate States dollar
4070:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
4065:Emancipation Proclamation
3959:Medal of Honor recipients
3912:
3895:
3847:Confederate Memorial Hall
3649:Confederate Memorial Hall
3622:Confederate History Month
3602:Civil War Discovery Trail
3503:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
3309:Reconstruction Amendments
3295:
3284:
2861:
2848:
2100:
2071:
1918:Emancipation Proclamation
1783:
1772:
1067:Confederate forces under
974:
667:
507:Piedmont (June 5–6)
423:
340:Army of Northern Virginia
289:and given command of all
234:
211:
165:
128:
95:
58:
47:
39:
4411:Valley campaigns of 1864
4333:U.S. Sanitary Commission
4244:Battlefield preservation
4150:Marching Through Georgia
4075:Hampton Roads Conference
4050:Confiscation Act of 1862
4045:Confiscation Act of 1861
3821:U.S. national cemeteries
3627:Confederate Memorial Day
3612:Civil War Trails Program
3481:New Orleans riot of 1866
1679:Gallagher, Gary W., ed.
1235:Cedar Creek (October 19)
1083:Summit Point (August 21)
370:was assigned to capture
366:; and finally Maj. Gen.
306:William Tecumseh Sherman
255:Valley campaigns of 1864
110:United States of America
18:Valley Campaigns of 1864
4254:Confederate war finance
3874:Southern Cross of Honor
3842:1938 Gettysburg reunion
3837:1913 Gettysburg reunion
3535:Reconstruction Treaties
3508:Enforcement Act of 1870
3391:Freedman's Savings Bank
2008:Lane Debates on Slavery
1833:Lincoln–Douglas debates
1510:NPS Smithfield Crossing
1221:Tom's Brook (October 9)
1190:Battle of Fisher's Hill
881:Folck's Mill (August 1)
753:and other troops under
219:5,800 (early July 1864)
4313:Richmond riots of 1863
4239:Baltimore riot of 1861
4019:U.S. Military Railroad
3939:Confederate Home Guard
3671:Historiographic issues
3637:Historical reenactment
2136:Revenue Cutter Service
2003:William Lloyd Garrison
1912:Dred Scott v. Sandford
1161:
1096:Battle of Summit Point
1050:Guard Hill (August 16)
1040:Army of the Shenandoah
1030:
898:An inconclusive small
894:Battle of Folck's Mill
852:Stephen Dodson Ramseur
789:Battle of Fort Stevens
540:. Hunter ordered Col.
462:
454:
195:Army of the Shenandoah
129:Commanders and leaders
87:United States victory
4278:Great Revival of 1863
4155:Maryland, My Maryland
3944:Confederate railroads
3607:Civil War Roundtables
3476:Meridian riot of 1871
3471:Memphis riots of 1866
2028:George Luther Stearns
2013:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
1906:Crittenden Compromise
1444:NPS Rutherford's Farm
1241:Battle of Cedar Creek
1239:Further information:
1227:Battle of Tom's Brook
1225:Further information:
1188:Further information:
1156:
1147:Further information:
1126:Further information:
1112:Further information:
1094:Further information:
1061:Further information:
1028:
917:Further information:
906:Moorefield (August 7)
892:Further information:
866:Further information:
844:Further information:
832:Battle of Cool Spring
830:Further information:
801:Further information:
787:Further information:
765:Further information:
602:Further information:
511:Further information:
481:Further information:
460:
452:
235:Casualties and losses
230:21,100 (October 1864)
221:9,600 (Mid-July 1864)
190:Army of West Virginia
4165:Daar kom die Alibama
4080:National Union Party
3756:memorials to Lincoln
3676:Lost Cause mythology
3381:Eufaula riot of 1874
3369:Confederate refugees
2582:District of Columbia
2209:Union naval blockade
2055:Underground Railroad
1843:Nullification crisis
1698:59#1 (1995): 7-26.
1260:Battle of Waynesboro
1200:Waynesboro, Virginia
1178:Winchester, Virginia
1164:After learning from
1128:Battle of Berryville
1063:Battle of Guard Hill
919:Battle of Moorefield
902:battle in Maryland.
813:Blue Ridge Mountains
731:Petersburg, Virginia
576:John C. Breckinridge
493:John C. Breckinridge
483:Battle of New Market
156:John C. Breckinridge
4323:Supreme Court cases
4090:Radical Republicans
3869:Old soldiers' homes
3853:Confederate Veteran
3779:artworks in Capitol
3498:Reconstruction acts
3359:Colfax riot of 1873
2323:Richmond-Petersburg
1928:Fugitive slave laws
1858:Popular sovereignty
1838:Missouri Compromise
1828:Kansas-Nebraska Act
1423:Patchan, pp. 45-60.
1273:Field of Lost Shoes
1069:Richard H. Anderson
989:Smithfield Crossing
856:Strasburg, Virginia
803:Heaton's Crossroads
777:Frederick, Maryland
682:Heaton's Crossroads
604:Battle of Lynchburg
553:Richmond Alms House
497:Strasburg, Virginia
477:New Market (May 15)
471:Lynchburg, Virginia
295:Army of the Potomac
179:(detachment) &
4144:A Lincoln Portrait
4085:Politicians killed
4009:U.S. Balloon Corps
4004:Union corps badges
3784:memorials to Davis
3654:Disenfranchisement
3525:Reconstruction era
3406:Timber Culture Act
3364:Compromise of 1877
2328:Franklin–Nashville
1998:Frederick Douglass
1901:Cornerstone Speech
1818:Compromise of 1850
1766:American Civil War
1719:Patchan, Scott C.
1596:Patchan, Scott C.
1579:Gallagher, Gary W.
1207:capture of Atlanta
1162:
1031:
767:Battle of Monocacy
584:Daniel Harvey Hill
523:Staunton, Virginia
513:Battle of Piedmont
463:
455:
415:Lynchburg campaign
368:Nathaniel P. Banks
352:Joseph E. Johnston
287:lieutenant General
271:American Civil War
228:14,000 (June-July)
206:Army of the Valley
42:American Civil War
4398:
4397:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4196:Italian Americans
4181:African Americans
4138:John Brown's Body
3891:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3804:
3803:
3642:Robert E. Lee Day
3386:Freedmen's Bureau
3349:Brooks–Baxter War
3280:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3064:
3063:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2253:Northern Virginia
2199:Trans-Mississippi
2172:
2171:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2062:
1959:Uncle Tom's Cabin
1896:African Americans
1729:978-1-932714-98-2
1689:978-0-8078-3005-5
1653:Early, Jubal A.,
1648:978-1-61121-165-8
1606:978-0-8032-3754-4
1543:NPS Fisher's Hill
1306:978-1-59629-888-0
1149:Battle of Opequon
1022:
1021:
761:Monocacy (July 9)
751:Horatio G. Wright
715:
714:
692:Rutherford's Farm
614:James River Canal
608:Confederate Gen.
446:
445:
356:Army of Tennessee
334:to fight against
263:Shenandoah Valley
251:
250:
226:5,000 (June 1864)
217:8,500 (June 1864)
91:
90:
76:Shenandoah Valley
66:May–October, 1864
16:(Redirected from
4438:
4388:
4378:
4377:
4201:Native Americans
4186:German Americans
3979:Partisan rangers
3974:Official Records
3914:
3897:
3789:memorials to Lee
3736:
3297:
3286:
3073:
2870:
2863:
2850:
2823:Washington, D.C.
2617:Indian Territory
2577:Dakota Territory
2535:
2452:Chancellorsville
2243:Jackson's Valley
2233:Blockade runners
2109:
2102:
2073:
2033:Thaddeus Stevens
2023:Lysander Spooner
1983:Susan B. Anthony
1785:
1774:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1736:
1664:Early, Jubal A.
1567:
1562:
1556:
1551:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1529:
1523:
1518:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1499:NPS Summit Point
1496:
1490:
1485:
1479:
1474:
1468:
1466:NPS Folck's Mill
1463:
1457:
1455:NPS Kernstown II
1452:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1415:
1413:NPS Fort Stevens
1410:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1374:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1343:. Archived from
1337:
1331:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1296:Snell, Mark A.,
1294:
1174:B&O Railroad
1077:Shenandoah River
969:
967:
955:
948:
941:
932:
727:Washington, D.C.
662:
660:
648:
641:
634:
625:
578:sent Brig. Gen.
542:Alfred N. Duffié
418:
416:
406:
399:
392:
383:
285:was promoted to
283:Ulysses S. Grant
259:Ulysses S. Grant
121:
119:
118:
108:
106:
105:
60:
59:
52:
32:
21:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4358:
4342:
4227:
4191:Irish Americans
4169:
4114:
4023:
4014:U.S. Home Guard
3954:Field artillery
3908:
3907:
3883:
3825:
3800:
3762:
3731:
3725:
3617:Civil War Trust
3584:
3578:
3466:Ethnic violence
3451:Kirk–Holden war
3330:
3291:
3268:
3202:
3060:
3004:
2857:
2832:
2786:
2539:
2526:
2357:
2338:Sherman's March
2318:Bermuda Hundred
2213:
2168:
2140:
2096:
2095:
2059:
2018:J. Sella Martin
1988:James G. Birney
1964:
1882:
1808:Bleeding Kansas
1796:
1779:
1768:
1763:
1618:Further reading
1570:
1565:NPS Cedar Creek
1563:
1559:
1554:NPS Tom's Brook
1552:
1548:
1541:
1537:
1530:
1526:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1493:
1486:
1482:
1475:
1471:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1438:
1433:NPS Cool Spring
1431:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1385:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1364:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1347:on May 11, 2012
1339:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1311:
1295:
1291:
1282:
1268:
1252:
1243:
1237:
1229:
1223:
1196:flanking attack
1192:
1186:
1151:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1116:
1110:
1098:
1085:
1065:
1052:
1036:Philip Sheridan
1023:
1018:
970:
965:
963:
961:
959:
929:
921:
908:
896:
883:
870:
864:
848:
842:
834:
821:
805:
799:
791:
785:
769:
763:
739:Valley campaign
722:
716:
711:
663:
658:
656:
654:
652:
622:
606:
600:
586:and Brig. Gen.
580:John D. Imboden
564:William Averell
534:John McCausland
515:
509:
485:
479:
447:
442:
419:
414:
412:
410:
380:
372:Mobile, Alabama
332:Benjamin Butler
317:Abraham Lincoln
302:George G. Meade
281:As 1864 began,
279:
229:
227:
222:
220:
218:
158:
151:Philip Sheridan
149:
145:
141:
137:
116:
114:
103:
101:
79:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4444:
4442:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4403:
4402:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4382:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4338:Women soldiers
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4293:Naming the war
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4235:
4233:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4177:
4175:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4124:
4122:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3929:Campaign Medal
3926:
3920:
3918:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3904:Related topics
3901:
3900:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3742:
3740:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3667:
3666:
3661:
3651:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3632:Decoration Day
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3588:
3586:
3585:Reconstruction
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3439:second inquiry
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3403:
3396:Homestead Acts
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3344:Alabama Claims
3340:
3338:
3336:Reconstruction
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3324:15th Amendment
3321:
3319:14th Amendment
3316:
3314:13th Amendment
3305:
3303:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3282:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3070:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2945:J. E. Johnston
2942:
2940:A. S. Johnston
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2880:R. H. Anderson
2876:
2874:
2867:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2742:South Carolina
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2717:North Carolina
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2442:Fredericksburg
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2382:Wilson's Creek
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2194:Lower Seaboard
2191:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2106:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2050:Harriet Tubman
2047:
2046:
2045:
2038:Charles Sumner
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1974:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1892:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1873:States' rights
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1788:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1717:
1702:
1692:
1677:
1662:
1651:
1636:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1594:
1569:
1568:
1557:
1546:
1535:
1524:
1521:NPS Berryville
1513:
1502:
1491:
1488:NPS Guard Hill
1480:
1477:NPS Moorefield
1469:
1458:
1447:
1436:
1425:
1416:
1405:
1394:
1383:
1369:
1358:
1332:
1321:
1309:
1288:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1267:
1264:
1251:
1248:
1236:
1233:
1222:
1219:
1211:scorched earth
1185:
1182:
1170:Rebecca Wright
1145:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1123:
1120:
1109:
1106:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1081:
1073:Wesley Merritt
1059:
1058:
1051:
1048:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
999:3rd Winchester
996:
991:
986:
981:
975:
972:
971:
960:
958:
957:
950:
943:
935:
928:
925:
915:
914:
907:
904:
890:
889:
882:
879:
863:
860:
841:
838:
828:
827:
820:
817:
809:Loudoun Valley
798:
795:
784:
781:
762:
759:
745:, crossed the
713:
712:
710:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
668:
665:
664:
653:
651:
650:
643:
636:
628:
621:
618:
610:Jubal A. Early
599:
596:
568:Peaks of Otter
508:
505:
478:
475:
444:
443:
441:
440:
435:
430:
424:
421:
420:
411:
409:
408:
401:
394:
386:
379:
376:
325:scorched earth
278:
275:
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
232:
231:
224:
214:
213:
209:
208:
207:
204:
200:
199:
198:
192:
187:
184:
174:
168:
167:
166:Units involved
163:
162:
160:Jubal A. Early
153:
131:
130:
126:
125:
112:
98:
97:
93:
92:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
74:
72:
68:
67:
64:
56:
55:
45:
44:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4443:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4381:
4373:
4372:
4369:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4308:Photographers
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4283:Gender issues
4281:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4110:War Democrats
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4100:Union Leagues
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3999:Turning point
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3969:Naval battles
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3732:and memorials
3728:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3592:Commemoration
3590:
3589:
3587:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3434:first inquiry
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3354:Carpetbaggers
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3287:
3283:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2777:West Virginia
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2697:New Hampshire
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:Massachusetts
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2397:Hampton Roads
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2387:Fort Donelson
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2283:Morgan's Raid
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2228:Anaconda Plan
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2204:Pacific Coast
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:Positive good
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1853:Panic of 1857
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1813:Border states
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1714:0-8094-4784-3
1711:
1707:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1674:1-57003-450-8
1671:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1633:0-933852-86-X
1630:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1591:0-87338-429-6
1588:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1566:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1429:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1391:NPS Lynchburg
1387:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1242:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1097:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1004:Fisher's Hill
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
973:
968:
956:
951:
949:
944:
942:
937:
936:
933:
924:
920:
913:
910:
909:
905:
903:
901:
895:
888:
885:
884:
878:
876:
869:
861:
859:
857:
853:
847:
837:
833:
826:
823:
822:
818:
816:
814:
810:
804:
794:
790:
782:
780:
778:
774:
768:
760:
758:
756:
752:
748:
747:Potomac River
744:
743:Harpers Ferry
740:
736:
732:
728:
721:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
669:
666:
661:
649:
644:
642:
637:
635:
630:
629:
626:
617:
615:
611:
605:
597:
595:
593:
589:
588:Harry T. Hays
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
526:
524:
520:
514:
506:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
484:
476:
474:
472:
468:
467:West Virginia
459:
451:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
425:
422:
417:
407:
402:
400:
395:
393:
388:
387:
384:
377:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
336:Robert E. Lee
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
315:
311:
307:
303:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
276:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
247:
244:
242:
239:
238:
233:
225:
216:
215:
210:
205:
202:
201:
196:
193:
191:
188:
185:
182:
178:
175:
172:
171:
170:
169:
164:
161:
157:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
133:
132:
127:
124:
113:
111:
100:
99:
94:
86:
83:
82:
77:
73:
70:
69:
65:
62:
61:
57:
51:
46:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4249:Bibliography
4232:Other topics
4174:By ethnicity
4142:
4095:Trent Affair
3994:Signal Corps
3851:
3574:White League
3461:Ku Klux Klan
3374:Confederados
3301:Constitution
3173:D. D. Porter
3026:Breckinridge
2737:Rhode Island
2732:Pennsylvania
2487:Spotsylvania
2447:Stones River
2427:2nd Bull Run
2377:1st Bull Run
2312:
2263:Stones River
2164:Marine Corps
2131:Marine Corps
1970:Abolitionism
1957:
1910:
1720:
1705:
1695:
1680:
1665:
1658:
1639:
1624:
1617:
1616:
1597:
1582:
1573:Bibliography
1572:
1571:
1560:
1549:
1538:
1527:
1516:
1505:
1494:
1483:
1472:
1461:
1450:
1439:
1428:
1419:
1408:
1402:NPS Monocacy
1397:
1386:
1372:
1367:VMI Archives
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1345:the original
1335:
1329:NPS Piedmont
1324:
1312:
1297:
1292:
1284:
1283:
1271:
1253:
1244:
1230:
1204:
1193:
1163:
1141:
1131:
1117:
1099:
1088:
1066:
1055:
1032:
984:Summit Point
922:
911:
897:
886:
871:
849:
835:
824:
806:
792:
770:
755:George Crook
723:
702:Folck's Mill
697:Kernstown II
677:Fort Stevens
655:Early's Raid
607:
557:
549:John Letcher
527:
516:
501:David Hunter
499:. Maj. Gen.
486:
464:
362:and capture
346:; Maj. Gen.
329:
280:
254:
252:
245:
240:
147:George Crook
139:David Hunter
96:Belligerents
40:Part of the
29:
4055:Copperheads
3767:Confederate
3659:Black Codes
2985:E. K. Smith
2866:Confederate
2813:New Orleans
2808:Chattanooga
2672:Mississippi
2572:Connecticut
2540:territories
2531:Involvement
2492:Cold Harbor
2482:Fort Pillow
2472:Chattanooga
2467:Chickamauga
2417:Seven Pines
2407:New Orleans
2372:Fort Sumter
2313:Valley 1864
2146:Confederacy
1943:Slave Power
1923:Fire-Eaters
1532:NPS Opequon
1014:Cedar Creek
1009:Tom's Brook
811:toward the
773:Lew Wallace
687:Cool Spring
560:James River
348:Franz Sigel
321:Confederate
297:, although
269:during the
143:Lew Wallace
135:Franz Sigel
4405:Categories
4288:Juneteenth
3809:Cemeteries
3686:Red Shirts
3597:Centennial
3547:Red Shirts
2955:Longstreet
2885:Beauregard
2828:Winchester
2803:Charleston
2772:Washington
2707:New Mexico
2702:New Jersey
2562:California
2538:States and
2522:Five Forks
2507:Mobile Bay
2477:Wilderness
2457:Gettysburg
2437:Perryville
2422:Seven Days
2353:Appomattox
2278:Gettysburg
2238:New Mexico
2105:Combatants
2080:Combatants
1993:John Brown
1317:New Market
1280:References
1256:Petersburg
1159:Winchester
994:Berryville
979:Guard Hill
962:Sheridan's
718:See also:
707:Moorefield
570:to occupy
428:New Market
277:Background
177:VIII Corps
78:, Virginia
4266:Espionage
4060:Diplomacy
4028:Political
3984:POW camps
3730:Monuments
3557:Scalawags
3552:Redeemers
3290:Aftermath
3239:Pinkerton
3178:Rosecrans
3143:McClellan
3046:Memminger
2782:Wisconsin
2747:Tennessee
2667:Minnesota
2642:Louisiana
2517:Nashville
2462:Vicksburg
2392:Pea Ridge
2343:Carolinas
2298:Red River
2293:Knoxville
2273:Tullahoma
2268:Vicksburg
2248:Peninsula
2220:campaigns
2086:Campaigns
1863:Secession
1250:Aftermath
1168:Unionist
530:Lexington
438:Lynchburg
358:, invade
314:President
310:total war
299:Maj. Gen.
4380:Category
4221:Seminole
4211:Cherokee
3964:Medicine
3917:Military
3830:Veterans
3664:Jim Crow
3429:timeline
3224:Ericsson
3207:Civilian
3188:Sheridan
3148:McDowell
3108:Farragut
3093:Burnside
3083:Anderson
3076:Military
3056:Stephens
3016:Benjamin
3009:Civilian
2895:Buchanan
2873:Military
2818:Richmond
2767:Virginia
2712:New York
2687:Nebraska
2677:Missouri
2662:Michigan
2652:Maryland
2637:Kentucky
2612:Illinois
2587:Delaware
2567:Colorado
2552:Arkansas
2512:Franklin
2432:Antietam
2303:Overland
2258:Maryland
2177:Theaters
2083:Theaters
1266:See also
672:Monocacy
546:Governor
538:Buchanan
532:against
433:Piedmont
344:Richmond
267:Virginia
212:Strength
181:VI Corps
71:Location
4347:Related
4216:Choctaw
4206:Catawba
3989:Rations
3934:Cavalry
3796:Removal
3424:efforts
3408:of 1873
3254:Stevens
3249:Stanton
3234:Lincoln
3193:Sherman
3128:Halleck
3118:Frémont
3103:Du Pont
3041:Mallory
3000:Wheeler
2935:Jackson
2915:Forrest
2855:Leaders
2798:Atlanta
2762:Vermont
2682:Montana
2622:Indiana
2597:Georgia
2592:Florida
2557:Arizona
2547:Alabama
2497:Atlanta
2412:Corinth
2364:battles
2308:Atlanta
2288:Bristoe
2189:Western
2184:Eastern
2089:Battles
1888:Slavery
1792:Origins
1778:Origins
1661:, 1864.
1351:May 11,
900:cavalry
572:Liberty
364:Atlanta
360:Georgia
4390:Portal
4328:Tokens
3264:Welles
3244:Seward
3229:Hamlin
3198:Thomas
3133:Hooker
3098:Butler
3051:Seddon
3036:Hunter
3021:Bocock
2995:Taylor
2990:Stuart
2980:Semmes
2960:Morgan
2920:Gorgas
2900:Cooper
2791:Cities
2727:Oregon
2692:Nevada
2632:Kansas
2602:Hawaii
2502:Crater
2402:Shiloh
2362:Major
2348:Mobile
2218:Major
2092:States
2043:Caning
1727:
1712:
1700:online
1687:
1672:
1646:
1631:
1604:
1589:
1581:, ed.
1304:
1166:Quaker
246:17,300
241:18,400
120:
107:
84:Result
4133:Dixie
4120:Music
3739:Union
3583:Post-
3419:trial
3219:Chase
3214:Adams
3183:Scott
3158:Meigs
3153:Meade
3123:Grant
3113:Foote
3088:Buell
3069:Union
3031:Davis
2975:Price
2965:Mosby
2910:Ewell
2905:Early
2890:Bragg
2752:Texas
2647:Maine
2607:Idaho
2113:Union
1285:Notes
775:near
342:near
291:Union
4318:Salt
3924:Arms
3774:List
3746:List
3259:Wade
3168:Pope
3138:Hunt
2970:Polk
2930:Hood
2925:Hill
2757:Utah
2722:Ohio
2627:Iowa
2159:Navy
2154:Army
2126:Navy
2121:Army
1725:ISBN
1710:ISBN
1685:ISBN
1670:ISBN
1644:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1602:ISBN
1587:ISBN
1353:2012
1302:ISBN
253:The
63:Date
3163:Ord
2950:Lee
555:).
354:'s
338:'s
265:of
4407::
1657:.
1202:.
858:.
525:.
473:.
1758:e
1751:t
1744:v
1731:.
1716:.
1691:.
1676:.
1650:.
1635:.
1608:.
1593:.
1380:.
1355:.
954:e
947:t
940:v
647:e
640:t
633:v
405:e
398:t
391:v
20:)
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