58:
2597:
446:
33:
243:
Ottomans first demanded only a small yearly tribute from vassal princes, as a token of their submission. They later demanded that a vassal prince's son should be held as hostage, that the prince should come to the Palace once a year and swear allegiance, and that he should send auxiliary troops on
214:
to the
Ottoman Empire, which was understood by both states as also being a token of submission. In exchange for certain privileges, its vassal states were obligated to render support to the Ottoman Empire when called upon to do so. Some of its vassal states were also tributary states. These
377:
During the nineteenth century, as
Ottoman territory receded, several breakaway states from the Ottoman Empire had the status of vassal states (e.g. they paid tribute to the Ottoman Empire), before gaining complete independence. They were however de facto independent, including having their own
995:(Girit), 1898–1912/13: established as an internationally supervised tributary state headed by a Christian governor; in 1908 the Cretan parliament unilaterally declared union with Greece; the island was occupied by Greece in 1912, and
1460:
336:, thus they were allowed to preserve their self-rule, and were not under Islamic law, like the empire proper; Ottoman subjects, or Muslims for that matter, were not allowed to settle the land permanently or to build
1393:
185:
332:
which paid tribute to the
Ottomans and over which the Porte had the right to nominate or depose the ruler, garrison rights, and foreign policy control. They were considered by the Ottomans as part of
2341:
1453:
2763:
57:
1446:
178:
244:
the sultan's campaigns. Vassal princes were required to treat the sultan's friends and enemies as their own. If the vassal failed in these duties, his lands would be declared as
2533:
2596:
1243:
171:
2334:
2576:
1518:
2606:
1469:
1016:
154:
2653:
2229:
756:
2518:
2768:
2327:
2643:
2523:
2350:
47:
2549:
121:
2224:
1304:
1213:
1089:
1062:
1079:
969:
on 13 July 1878 as an autonomous province; in a personal union with the tributary
Principality of Bulgaria on 6 September 1885 but remained
2648:
2569:
2528:
2513:
2488:
2457:
135:
115:
2218:
516:
2638:
1108:, foreign travelers used to notice hearing church bells in every village, which were forbidden by Islamic law in the Ottoman empire.
393:
Some states paid tribute for possessions that were legally bound to the
Ottoman Empire but not possessed by the Ottomans such as the
2422:
87:
2538:
2503:
1052:
897:
383:
956:(Sisam), 1835–1912: established as an autonomous tributary principality under a Christian Prince; annexed to Greece during the
2658:
936:
on 5 November 1914, the day when
Britain and France declared war against the Ottoman Empire. Britain also formally annexed
2442:
829:
784:
99:
1419:
Page 45 British
Relations with Ibn Saud of Najd, 1914-1919 Daniel Nolan Silverfarb University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1972
2564:
1254:
1178:
128:
2626:
2073:
2736:
2665:
2085:
1954:
1928:
801:
1647:
715:
667:
486:
480:
350:, recognized Ottoman suzerainty but were subsidized by the Porte. The Ottomans were also expected to protect the
325:
1591:
2249:
947:
886:
727:
678:
504:
387:
321:
343:
Some states such as Ragusa paid tribute for the entirety of their territory and recognized
Ottoman suzerainty.
1394:
At the beginning of the XVIII century the reinforcing policy of the
Safavid in the area of European countries
2618:
1969:
966:
498:
149:
1429:
2392:
2244:
2012:
1938:
872:
571:
532:
460:
379:
1372:
2472:
2300:
2290:
2239:
1828:
1780:
953:
849:
721:
581:
2467:
2259:
1896:
1642:
1530:
933:
866:
647:
627:
542:
1129:
1323:. Harvard Ukrainian Studies 8.3/4 (1984): 453–73. JSTOR. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute. Web.
860:
657:
492:
466:
1169:
Miller, William. The Latins in the Levant: A History of
Frankish Greece (1204–1566). London: 1908.
2280:
2254:
2208:
2203:
2001:
1944:
1672:
1438:
929:
909:
780:
709:
697:
642:
622:
600:
575:
522:
510:
474:
402:
351:
314:
302:
270:
1717:
917:
837:
437:
who paid tribute to the North African beylerbeyis, who were in turn Ottoman vassals themselves.
378:
foreign policy and their own independent military. This was the case with the principalities of
2508:
2380:
2213:
2176:
1979:
1959:
1576:
1347:
The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
1334:
The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
1300:
1294:
1278:
1209:
1205:
The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
1203:
1190:
1085:
1058:
980:
941:
811:
805:
768:
662:
652:
528:
426:
394:
310:
17:
1141:
2285:
2193:
2042:
2037:
1849:
1768:
1621:
1611:
1606:
1155:
A REAPPRAISAL OF THE IMPACT OF FIREARMS IN THE HISTORY OF WARFARE IN ETHIOPIA (C. 1500-1800)
957:
795:
789:
746:
703:
454:
2319:
983:
of 4 June 1878; annexed by Britain on 5 November 1914, upon Ottoman entry into World War I.
2631:
2375:
2295:
2188:
2181:
2124:
2047:
1949:
1763:
1737:
1712:
1707:
1581:
1561:
1535:
1508:
979:(Kıbrıs), 1878–1914: established British administration under Ottoman suzerainty with the
962:
892:
741:
632:
538:
347:
249:
220:
203:
69:
2354:
2068:
2063:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2007:
1933:
1922:
1824:
1787:
1758:
1702:
1697:
1667:
1596:
1586:
1571:
1132:|title=The Tatar Khanate of Crimea |publisher=All Empires |access-date=9 October 2010}}
925:
855:
823:
673:
290:
199:
2757:
2717:
2426:
2402:
2134:
2129:
2108:
2103:
2080:
2017:
1974:
1964:
1917:
1912:
1877:
1753:
1732:
1692:
1677:
1662:
1652:
1626:
1616:
1566:
1525:
1513:
920:
under British occupation; broke away from Ottoman suzerainty upon Ottoman entry into
842:
774:
616:
612:
592:
430:
398:
306:
232:
92:
2462:
2670:
2275:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1808:
1803:
1775:
1727:
1722:
1687:
1657:
1556:
1551:
1000:
992:
815:
750:
735:
684:
548:
445:
422:
371:
329:
224:
216:
207:
37:
1418:
1985:
1682:
1601:
1004:
921:
691:
586:
418:
414:
32:
277:
sanjaks), areas that were permitted to elect their own leaders (e.g., areas of
2397:
637:
333:
228:
2710:
2693:
2234:
1406:
1105:
903:
606:
554:
406:
262:
36:
The Ottoman Empire at its greatest extent in the Middle East, including its
2477:
2452:
2387:
2198:
1104:
Romanian historian Florin Constantiniu points out that, on crossing into
944:
in 1878, but nominally still an Ottoman territory) until 5 November 1914.
833:
762:
235:, over which direct control was not established, for various reasons.
2726:
2700:
1873:
1321:
Bohdan Xmel'nyc'kyj and the Porte: A Document from the Ottoman Archives
1154:
565:
559:
278:
211:
1081:
North Africa, Revised Edition: A History from Antiquity to the Present
2705:
2688:
2447:
1489:
976:
937:
819:
359:
337:
282:
266:
615:(Kazan Hanlığı), 1523: Kazan briefly conquered by Crimean Khanate,
210:
throughout its history. Its tributary states would regularly send
986:
434:
367:
355:
286:
274:
31:
1407:
An Embassy from the Sultan of Darfur to the Sublime Porte in 1791
1130:
http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=The_Crimean_Khanate
1118:] (IV ed.). Univers Enciclopedic Gold. pp. 115–118.
1054:
Cities of Power: The Urban, The National, The Popular, The Global
507:(Boğdan Prensliği), 1456–1457, 1503–1861 with some interruptions.
374:
was a military officer appointed by the Sultanate to ensure this.
362:, the Ottoman sultans were meant to ensure the protection of the
2722:
973:
under Ottoman suzerainty; annexed by Bulgaria on 5 October 1908.
489:(Eflâk Prensliği), 1396–1397, 1417–1861 with some interruptions.
363:
2323:
2155:
1870:
1480:
1442:
1230:
Turkish Public Administration: From Tradition to the Modern Age
293:) was nominally a part of Aegean Islands Province but Maniot
449:
Map showing some vassal states of the Ottoman Empire in 1683
227:, were usually on the periphery of the Ottoman Empire under
219:, many of which could be described by modern terms such as
916:
under Ottoman suzerainty, in effect fully autonomous, and
950:(Bulgaristan Prensliği), 1878–1908: de facto independent.
1246:
Ottoman-Aceh Relations According to the Turkish Sources
301:
independent eyalets (e.g., the Barbaresque 'regencies'
2681:
2617:
2604:
2547:
2486:
2420:
2413:
2368:
2361:
2268:
2169:
2117:
2096:
2056:
1994:
1905:
1889:
1817:
1796:
1746:
1635:
1544:
1501:
1396:. R Shiraliyev - Гілея: науковий вісник, 2015.
1362:. 2nd ed. Toronto: U of Toronto, 2010. Print. p.369
1191:
The Cambridge History of Africa by J. D. Fage p.406
1157:.” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 14 (1980): 98–121.
2764:Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire
248:(lit. territory of war) open to the raids of the
1038:The Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age 1300-1600
1470:Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire
1017:Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire
413:There were also secondary vassals such as the
370:pilgrimages and safe passage of pilgrims. The
320:Outside the eyalet system were states such as
261:Some states within the eyalet system included
2335:
1454:
965:(Doğu Rumeli), 1878–1885: established by the
421:who were (at least nominally) vassals of the
179:
8:
1360:History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples
1144:. Giancarlo Casale. Oxford University Press
2614:
2417:
2365:
2342:
2328:
2320:
2166:
2152:
1886:
1867:
1498:
1477:
1461:
1447:
1439:
1319:Riedlmayer, András, and Victor Ostapchuk.
1084:. University of Texas Press. p. 153.
759:(Erdel), 1570–1699 with some interruptions
186:
172:
43:
1299:. Harvard University Press. p. 294.
457:1371–20 February 1403, 1424–6 April 1453
1345:Kármán, Gábor, and Lovro Kunčević, eds.
1332:Kármán, Gábor, and Lovro Kunčević, eds.
1165:
1163:
1116:A sincere history of the Romanian people
940:(under British administration since the
444:
297:were tributary vassals of the Porte, or
1430:Britain and the Persian Gulf: 1795-1880
1028:
269:or who inherited their position (e.g.,
107:
79:
46:
1432:. John Barrett Kelly. Clarendon Press.
1296:The Thirty Years War: Europe's Tragedy
1078:Naylor, Phillip C. (15 January 2015).
1409:", Islamic Africa 12, 1 (2022): 55-91
1202:Gábor Kármán; Lovro Kunčević (2013).
7:
555:Circassian principalities and tribes
1349:. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Print. p.142
1336:. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Print. p.137
1181:, volume 6, page 658, Tbilisi, 1983
1112:O istorie sinceră a poporului român
1051:Therborn, G÷ran (12 October 2021).
808:(16th to the earliy 18th centuries)
2769:Subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire
875:(Sırbistan Prensliği), 1815–1878;
531:, (1459–1477) during the reign of
25:
2534:Ministry of Trade and Agriculture
804:(Karadağ Prensliği), (1696–1878)
2595:
898:United Principalities of Romania
826:(1655–1663) and (June 1669–1685)
56:
2458:Defterdars/Ministers of Finance
1280:The Cambridge History of Africa
354:militarily – as suzerains over
29:States under Ottoman suzerainty
2219:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1142:The Ottoman Age of Exploration
900:(Romanya Prensliği), 1862–1877
517:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
313:in the Maghreb, and later the
18:Vassal States (Ottoman Empire)
1:
1482:
1110:Constantiniu, Florin (2006).
830:Principality of Upper Hungary
2230:Principality of Transylvania
1375:. Tacitus.nu. 30 August 2008
1179:Georgian Soviet encyclopedia
1057:. Verso Books. p. 128.
757:Principality of Transylvania
2732:Vassal and tributary states
2519:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
541:(Kırım Hanlığı), 1478–1774
160:Vassal and tributary states
2785:
802:Principality of Montenegro
2593:
2235:Principality of Wallachia
2165:
2151:
1885:
1866:
1497:
1476:
1373:"Princes of Transylvania"
716:Principality of Mingrelia
668:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
487:Principality of Wallachia
2524:Ministry of the Interior
2250:Principality of Bulgaria
2199:Principality of Moldavia
1293:Peter H. Wilson (2009).
948:Principality of Bulgaria
887:Emirate of Jabal Shammar
798:(16th to 19th centuries)
783:, briefly in 1620 under
728:Principality of Abkhazia
679:Duchy of the Archipelago
505:Principality of Moldavia
265:who were local to their
155:Administrative divisions
2555:(constitutional period)
2240:Principality of Romania
932:" which was declared a
700:(atabegate) (1500–1515)
499:Second Bulgarian Empire
2245:Principality of Serbia
1358:Magocsi, Paul Robert.
1208:. BRILL. p. 429.
1036:Halil İnalcık (1973).
873:Principality of Serbia
785:Frederick I of Bohemia
670:(1526–1551, 1556–1570)
572:Principality of Moscow
481:Dejanović noble family
461:Despotate of the Morea
450:
41:
2473:Dragoman of the Porte
2301:Principality of Samos
1242:Ismail Hakki Goksoy.
1232:, (Ankara, 2008), 84.
954:Principality of Samos
928:and reformed as the "
722:Principality of Guria
582:Mount Lebanon Emirate
448:
108:Constitutional period
48:State organisation of
35:
2260:Septinsular Republic
1519:Muhammad Ali dynasty
1282:by J. D. Fage p.408-
934:British protectorate
912:(Mısır), 1867–1914:
867:Septinsular Republic
648:Pashalik of Timbuktu
628:Ottoman Tripolitania
543:Archduchy of Austria
529:Sultanate of Malacca
346:Others, such as the
2570:Chamber of Deputies
2529:Ministry of Justice
2514:Ministry of Finance
2489:Imperial Government
924:on the side of the
879:independence 1867;
861:Sultanate of Darfur
836:), 1682–1685 under
687:(1602–18th century)
658:Pashalik of Scutari
493:Despotate of Serbia
467:Empire of Trebizond
136:Chamber of Deputies
116:Imperial Government
2649:Armenian Apostolic
2433:(classical period)
2351:State organisation
2281:Khedivate of Egypt
2255:Kingdom of Imereti
2209:Republic of Ragusa
2204:Sharifate of Mecca
1260:on 19 January 2008
1228:Palabiyik, Hamit,
1153:Aregay, Merid W. “
989:(Katar), 1872–1913
930:Sultanate of Egypt
910:Khedivate of Egypt
883:independence 1878
781:Kingdom of Bohemia
765:city-states (1583)
710:Kingdom of Imereti
698:Samtskhe-Saatabago
643:Pashalik of Yanina
623:Regency of Algiers
601:Sharifate of Mecca
533:Sultan Mansur Shah
523:Republic of Venice
511:Republic of Ragusa
475:Lordship of Prilep
451:
315:Khedivate of Egypt
50:the Ottoman Empire
42:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2577:political parties
2509:Ministry of Evkaf
2381:Ottoman Caliphate
2317:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2214:Serbian Despotate
2177:Cossack Hetmanate
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1405:Peacock, A.C.S. "
1306:978-0-674-03634-5
1215:978-90-04-25440-4
1091:978-0-292-76190-2
1064:978-1-78478-545-1
981:Cyprus Convention
942:Cyprus Convention
812:Cossack Hetmanate
806:Tsardom of Russia
769:Sultanate of Aceh
681:(1537, 1565–1579)
663:League of Prizren
653:Pashalik of Berat
619:enthroned as Khan
196:
195:
16:(Redirected from
2776:
2644:Eastern Orthodox
2615:
2599:
2580:
2557:
2550:General Assembly
2496:
2435:
2423:Imperial Council
2418:
2384:
2366:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2321:
2286:Kurdish emirates
2194:Khanate of Kazan
2167:
2153:
1887:
1868:
1499:
1487:
1484:
1478:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1440:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1369:
1363:
1356:
1350:
1343:
1337:
1330:
1324:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1290:
1284:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1253:. Archived from
1252:
1239:
1233:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1199:
1193:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1158:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1128:{{cite web|url=
1126:
1120:
1119:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1033:
967:Treaty of Berlin
958:First Balkan War
796:Kurdish emirates
790:Emirate of Harar
747:Hilaalee dynasty
704:Wattasid Dynasty
455:Byzantine Empire
221:satellite states
202:had a number of
188:
181:
174:
138:
131:
122:General Assembly
60:
44:
21:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2743:
2677:
2659:Coptic Orthodox
2654:Syriac Orthodox
2632:Sheikh ul-Islam
2611:
2608:
2600:
2583:
2574:
2558:
2553:
2552:
2543:
2539:Ministry of War
2504:Cadastre Bureau
2497:
2494:(reform period)
2492:
2491:
2482:
2436:
2431:
2430:
2409:
2378:
2376:Ottoman dynasty
2357:
2348:
2318:
2305:
2296:Eastern Rumelia
2264:
2225:Duchy of Syrmia
2189:Crimean Khanate
2182:Ottoman Ukraine
2161:
2139:
2113:
2092:
2052:
1990:
1970:Mamuret-ul-Aziz
1901:
1881:
1854:
1813:
1792:
1742:
1631:
1540:
1493:
1485:
1472:
1467:
1437:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1357:
1353:
1344:
1340:
1331:
1327:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1185:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1161:
1152:
1148:
1140:
1136:
1127:
1123:
1109:
1103:
1099:
1092:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1065:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1013:
999:annexed in 1913
963:Eastern Rumelia
893:Emirate of Najd
742:Wadai Sultanate
633:Ottoman Tunisia
539:Crimean Khanate
443:
348:Sharif of Mecca
258:
241:
192:
134:
127:
124:
73:
72:
67:
49:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2782:
2780:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2756:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2729:
2720:
2718:Mutasarrifates
2715:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2623:
2621:
2612:
2607:Administrative
2605:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2498:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2468:Reis ül-Küttab
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2421:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2403:Palace Schools
2395:
2393:Imperial Harem
2390:
2385:
2372:
2370:
2369:House of Osman
2363:
2362:Central system
2359:
2358:
2355:Ottoman Empire
2349:
2347:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2324:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2291:Mamluk of Iraq
2288:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2173:
2171:
2163:
2162:
2160:and autonomies
2156:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2066:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2013:Constantinople
2010:
2005:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1939:Constantinople
1936:
1931:
1926:
1920:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1883:
1882:
1878:mutasarrıfates
1871:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1829:Mamluk of Iraq
1821:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1511:
1505:
1503:
1495:
1494:
1481:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1443:
1435:
1434:
1422:
1411:
1398:
1386:
1364:
1351:
1338:
1325:
1312:
1305:
1285:
1271:
1234:
1221:
1214:
1194:
1183:
1171:
1159:
1146:
1134:
1121:
1097:
1090:
1070:
1063:
1043:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1007:
990:
984:
974:
960:
951:
945:
926:Central Powers
907:
901:
895:
890:
884:
870:
864:
858:
856:Hotaki dynasty
853:
850:Mamluk of Iraq
847:
846:
845:
827:
824:Ottoman Empire
809:
799:
793:
787:
778:
772:
766:
760:
754:
744:
739:
733:
732:
731:
725:
719:
707:
701:
689:
688:
682:
676:
674:Adal Sultanate
671:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
610:
604:
598:
597:
596:
590:
579:
578:
577:
569:
563:
557:
552:
536:
526:
520:
514:
508:
502:
501:(14th century)
496:
490:
484:
478:
472:
471:
470:
464:
442:
439:
411:
410:
391:
375:
344:
341:
318:
291:Mani Peninsula
257:
254:
240:
237:
200:Ottoman Empire
194:
193:
191:
190:
183:
176:
168:
165:
164:
163:
162:
157:
152:
144:
143:
142:
141:
140:
139:
132:
120:
118:
110:
109:
105:
104:
103:
102:
97:
96:
95:
82:
81:
80:Classic period
77:
76:
75:
74:
70:House of Osman
68:
62:
61:
53:
52:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2781:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2603:
2598:
2578:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2333:
2331:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2150:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2074:Mount Lebanon
2072:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1865:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1781:Mount Lebanon
1779:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1387:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1256:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1074:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1044:
1040:. p. 12.
1039:
1032:
1029:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
978:
975:
972:
968:
964:
961:
959:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
878:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
857:
854:
851:
848:
844:
843:Danubian Sich
841:
840:
839:
835:
831:
828:
825:
821:
817:
813:
810:
807:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
786:
782:
779:
776:
775:Saadi dynasty
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
753:, 1565?–1737?
752:
748:
745:
743:
740:
737:
734:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
713:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
695:
694:
693:
686:
683:
680:
677:
675:
672:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
618:
617:Sahib I Giray
614:
613:Kazan Khanate
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
594:
591:
588:
585:
584:
583:
580:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
556:
553:
550:
547:
546:
544:
540:
537:
534:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
468:
465:
462:
459:
458:
456:
453:
452:
447:
440:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
408:
404:
400:
399:Royal Hungary
397:for parts of
396:
392:
389:
385:
381:
376:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
342:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
259:
255:
253:
251:
247:
238:
236:
234:
233:Sublime Porte
230:
226:
225:puppet states
222:
218:
217:client states
213:
209:
208:vassal states
205:
201:
189:
184:
182:
177:
175:
170:
169:
167:
166:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
147:
146:
145:
137:
133:
130:
126:
125:
123:
119:
117:
114:
113:
112:
111:
106:
101:
98:
94:
91:
90:
89:
86:
85:
84:
83:
78:
71:
66:
65:
64:
63:
59:
55:
54:
51:
45:
39:
38:client states
34:
27:
19:
2731:
2671:Hakham Bashi
2639:Christianity
2554:
2493:
2443:Grand Vizier
2432:
2276:Cretan State
2157:
1955:Hüdavendigâr
1897:Tripolitania
1592:Hüdavendigâr
1531:Tripolitania
1425:
1414:
1401:
1389:
1379:18 September
1377:. Retrieved
1367:
1359:
1354:
1346:
1341:
1333:
1328:
1320:
1315:
1295:
1288:
1279:
1274:
1262:. Retrieved
1255:the original
1247:
1244:
1237:
1229:
1224:
1204:
1197:
1186:
1174:
1149:
1137:
1124:
1115:
1111:
1100:
1080:
1073:
1053:
1046:
1037:
1031:
1003:(1530-1880)
1001:North Africa
996:
993:Cretan State
970:
913:
880:
876:
838:Imre Thököly
832:(modern-day
816:Protectorate
751:The Maldives
736:Bornu Empire
712:(1555–1804)
690:
685:Omani Empire
549:Budjak Horde
545:(1547-1604)
412:
372:Amir al-hajj
330:Transylvania
311:Tripolitania
298:
294:
245:
242:
197:
159:
100:Grand Vizier
26:
2221:(1672–1676)
2118:Mesopotamia
1929:Archipelago
1872:1867–1922 (
1818:Mesopotamia
1673:Herzegovina
1648:Archipelago
1486: 1365
1005:East Africa
922:World War I
906:(1865-1877)
889:, 1836–1921
869:(1800–1807)
852:(1704–1831)
792:(1647–1887)
771:, 1569–1903
730:(1555–1810)
724:(1614–1810)
718:(1557–1803)
692:West Africa
609:(1556–1821)
603:(1517–1803)
595:(1697–1840)
589:(1516–1697)
568:(1684–1760s
525:(1475–1603)
519:(1578-1592)
513:(1458–1808)
495:(1402-1459)
483:(1371–1395)
477:(1371–1395)
469:(1456–1461)
463:(1422–1470)
419:Circassians
415:Nogai Horde
334:Dar al-'Ahd
2758:Categories
2711:Sanjakbeys
2694:Beylerbeys
2682:Provincial
2414:Government
2269:Autonomies
2002:Adrianople
1945:Diyarbekir
1941:(Istanbul)
1643:Adrianople
1577:Diyarbekir
1023:References
638:Karamanids
429:, or some
263:sancakbeys
229:suzerainty
2609:divisions
2453:Kazaskers
2086:Jerusalem
1982:(Trabzon)
1980:Trebizond
1960:Kastamonu
1850:Shahrizor
1769:Jerusalem
1622:Trebizond
1612:Kurdistan
1607:Kastamonu
1106:Wallachia
918:from 1882
904:Yettishar
607:Funjistan
562:(? –1739)
551:(? –1807)
395:Habsburgs
352:Sharifate
326:Wallachia
246:darülharb
239:Functions
204:tributary
2727:Kadiluks
2701:Vilayets
2388:Seraglio
2043:Salonica
2038:Manastir
2004:(Edirne)
1925:(Ankara)
1906:Anatolia
1874:vilayets
1764:Damascus
1718:Temeşvar
1713:Silistra
1708:Salonica
1582:Dulkadir
1562:Anatolia
1545:Anatolia
1488:– 1867 (
1011:See also
877:de facto
834:Slovakia
763:Swahilli
417:and the
388:Bulgaria
322:Moldavia
299:de facto
271:Samtskhe
2706:Sanjaks
2689:Eyalets
2666:Judaism
2619:Millets
2463:Nişancı
2448:Viziers
2398:Enderûn
2353:of the
2170:Vassals
2158:Vassals
2125:Baghdad
2048:Scutari
1950:Erzurum
1825:Baghdad
1788:Tripoli
1703:Rumelia
1698:Podolia
1597:Karaman
1587:Erzurum
1572:Childir
1509:Algiers
1490:eyalets
997:de jure
971:de jure
914:de jure
881:de jure
822:of the
574:(1521)
566:Yedisan
560:Kabarda
431:Berbers
384:Romania
338:mosques
307:Tunisia
303:Algiers
279:Albania
275:Kurdish
273:, some
231:of the
212:tribute
150:Millets
2565:Senate
2097:Arabia
2069:Beirut
2064:Aleppo
2057:Levant
2033:Kosovo
2028:Janina
2023:Danube
2008:Bosnia
1995:Europe
1934:Bitlis
1923:Angora
1890:Africa
1797:Arabia
1759:Cyprus
1754:Aleppo
1747:Levant
1738:Yanina
1733:Widdin
1678:Kanije
1653:Bosnia
1636:Europe
1567:Ankara
1526:Habesh
1502:Africa
1303:
1264:10 May
1212:
1088:
1061:
977:Cyprus
938:Cyprus
863:(1915)
820:Sanjak
777:(1576)
738:(1603)
706:(1554)
593:Chehab
427:Crimea
403:Venice
380:Serbia
360:Medina
285:, and
283:Epirus
267:sanjak
250:Ghazis
129:Senate
2737:Rayas
2723:Kazas
2627:Islam
2478:Birûn
2427:Porte
2135:Basra
2130:Mosul
2109:Yemen
2104:Hejaz
2081:Syria
2018:Crete
1975:Sivas
1965:Konya
1918:Aidin
1913:Adana
1845:Rakka
1840:Basra
1835:Mosul
1809:Lahsa
1804:Yemen
1776:Sidon
1728:Varat
1723:Uyvar
1688:Morea
1663:Crete
1658:Budin
1557:Aidin
1552:Adana
1536:Tunis
1514:Egypt
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