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422:(milk, egg, and fish products used as fining agents) should be labeled on the packaging of the product. Their goal was to find, in a controlled environment, if people with certain allergens would have reactions after drinking wine that had been fined with said allergen. The findings showed no reactions through
414:
It is not required for products to disclose whether they are vegan/vegetarian or not. Even products that choose to label their products with titles, are not required to show proof that they are free of animal byproducts, animal testing, or any form of animal exploitation. In the United States, it is
401:
wine. In
Australia, winemakers are required to list the use of potential allergens such as casein and albumin on the label. Still, they are not obliged to list the use of other animal-based fining agents such as gelatin or isinglass. In the EU, regulations only stipulate that wines fined using milk
347:
used for fining is gelatin, due to its potency and effectiveness. Gelatin is made from the boiling of animal parts. Wine specifically responds best to type A gelatin, which is derived from the boiling of pig's skin. It takes only one ounce of gelatin to clarify 1,000 gallons of wine. Gelatin is used
364:
Casein is the main protein found in cow's milk. It makes up 80% of the proteins and is derived by first skimming milk of its fat, then a process of precipitation to separate remaining particles of the milk and in the end be left with casein proteins. Casein is used in both red and white wines to
415:
not required that alcohol labels disclose even major allergens. There was a proposal submitted by the Tax and Trade Bureau in 2006 to mandate the labeling of major allergens such as milk, eggs, and fish included in the production of wine (whether it is filtered out or not).
430:
in patients who consumed/were allergic to wines fined with milk, fish, and eggs. The findings were so minimal that they agreed that the labeling is not necessary. However, this does prove that there are still particles of these animal proteins leftover in the wine.
405:
Some winemakers believe that fining removes desirable flavours and aromas and instead let the wine's sediments settle naturally, which is a time-consuming process. Natural wines are a growing trend, which are unfiltered by their very nature.
288:
Since the fining agent is filtered back out of the wine, the labeling of these additives is not required or regulated in most places. However, the use of animal-derived additives in wine production is a matter of ethical concern in
724:
Vassilopoulou, Emilia; Karathanos, Athanassios; Siragakis, George; Giavi, Stavroula; Sinaniotis, Athanassios; Douladiris, Nikolaos; Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat; Clausen, Michael; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G (2011-10-17).
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Isinglass is derived from fish bladders. It is primarily used to clear white wines. Like gelatin, isinglass needs to be used sparingly to prevent residual traces in the wine due to its potency.
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in 2011, Dr. Emilia
Vassilopoulou published a study conducted by herself and her colleagues in an attempt to determine if
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are the whites of a raw chicken egg. It is most commonly used in the clarification of red wines to remove excess tannins.
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in both white and red wines to fix haze/color and to adjust the flavor or bitterness of the wine.
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used as fining agents are gelatin, isinglass, casein, and egg albumen. Dried bull's
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727:"Risk of allergic reactions to wine, in milk, egg and fish-allergic patients"
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606:"Wine Australia for Australian Wine producers Compliance Guide"
171:
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or egg products (both allergens) must be clearly labelled.
269:, carbon, or clay-based. Animal-based fining agents include
1728:
An Essay on
Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty
792:
3667:
245:
The production of wine often includes a process called
265:, and later filtered out. Fining agents can be either
1760:
Moral
Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
307:
Clarification and stabilization of wine § Fining
651:"Why isn't all wine vegan? | What makes wine vegan?"
582:"How is Casein Extracted from Milk? (with pictures)"
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100:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
385:As an alternative to animal products, carbon,
381:Vegan and vegetarian alternative fining agents
4446:
3683:
1486:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine
823:
8:
365:clarify and treat and prevent oxidization.
63:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4453:
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4431:
3936:
3690:
3676:
3668:
3649:
2327:
1443:
1053:
853:
830:
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560:"Europe Wine seized in bull's blood scare"
2024:Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows
1848:Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian
760:
742:
225:Learn how and when to remove this message
160:Learn how and when to remove this message
1674:World Esperantist Vegetarian Association
236:
202:of all important aspects of the article.
4631:Clarification and stabilization of wine
2261:You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment
793:Barnivore.com – Vegan Alcohol Directory
462:
1699:List of vegetarian and vegan companies
540:The Australian Wine Research Institute
198:Please consider expanding the lead to
1816:Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses
1476:Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme
498:Hermann, Jonathan (29 January 2009).
7:
3427:Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli
3009:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
530:
528:
526:
524:
522:
520:
468:
466:
98:adding citations to reliable sources
1752:Reasons for not Eating Animal Food
731:Clinical and Translational Allergy
397:are the most common to be used to
25:
3715:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
1720:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
1614:North American Vegetarian Society
44:This article has multiple issues.
4694:
4402:
3442:Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro
1567:Christian Vegetarian Association
701:"TTB | FAQs | Allergen Labeling"
325:bovine spongiform encephalopathy
176:
74:
33:
1976:Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone
803:Goodwill Wine — Vegan Wine Info
190:may be too short to adequately
85:needs additional citations for
52:or discuss these issues on the
3574:Vegetarian and vegan symbolism
1920:Moosewood Collective Cookbooks
1659:Vegetarian Society (Singapore)
1644:Toronto Vegetarian Association
1587:International Vegetarian Union
323:countries but, as a legacy of
301:Non-vegetarian/vegan additives
200:provide an accessible overview
1:
4657:Glossary of viticulture terms
3589:Vegetarian and vegan dog diet
3513:Food for Thought (restaurant)
2101:Diet for a New America (film)
1880:The Benefits of Vegetarianism
1744:A Vindication of Natural Diet
1511:Vegan Prisoners Support Group
474:"Why Wine Isn't Always Vegan"
4662:Glossary of winemaking terms
1928:The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook
1148:Seventh-day Adventist Church
253:are added to wine to remove
249:(or "clarifying"), in which
3558:The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel
1968:The Sexual Politics of Meat
1086:Environmental vegetarianism
941:Environmental vegetarianism
4748:
4582:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
2064:Making a Stand for Animals
1840:Fifty Years of Food Reform
1582:Hare Krishna Food for Life
1496:Vegan Awareness Foundation
426:methods, but had positive
304:
4690:
4672:History of the wine press
4562:Sparkling wine production
4396:
3665:
2719:Maximilian Bircher-Benner
2157:Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead
2048:The End of Animal Farming
2032:The Vegan Studies Project
1577:French Vegetarian Society
1572:European Vegetarian Union
1562:Boston Vegetarian Society
908:Vegan organic agriculture
4727:Vegetarianism and drinks
4667:Wine tasting descriptors
4388:Wine tasting descriptors
4317:Phenolic content in wine
4209:Alternative wine closure
3793:Great French Wine Blight
3482:The Sound Lounge, London
3457:Little Pine (restaurant)
3336:Colleen Patrick-Goudreau
2834:Narasinh Narayan Godbole
2008:The Bloodless Revolution
1649:Vegetarian Federal Union
1464:Food Empowerment Project
1307:List of meat substitutes
788:VegNews Vegan Wine Guide
562:. BBC News. 25 June 1999
395:polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
327:, is not allowed in the
109:"Vegetarianism and wine"
4557:Malolactic fermentation
3604:Plant-based action plan
3346:Satchidananda Saraswati
3191:Tabitha Brown (actress)
2000:Livestock's Long Shadow
1904:Diet for a Small Planet
1808:Shelley's Vegetarianism
1619:Order of the Golden Age
1106:Replaceability argument
976:Vegetarian Diet Pyramid
961:Lacto-ovo vegetarianism
866:Animal-free agriculture
798:VegNews Vegan Wines 101
2979:Francis William Newman
2879:Martin Luther Holbrook
1960:Diet for a New America
1912:The Vegetarian Epicure
1800:What is Vegetarianism?
1557:Bible Christian Church
1459:Beauty Without Cruelty
1454:American Vegan Society
936:Economic vegetarianism
744:10.1186/2045-7022-1-10
451:Vegetarianism and beer
441:Glossary of wine terms
319:was also used in some
261:, and other suspended
242:
4358:Wine and food pairing
3321:Isa Chandra Moskowitz
3074:Russell Thacher Trall
3039:Johan Lindström Saxon
2734:Lucius Duncan Bulkley
2040:Animal (De)liberation
1824:Why I Am a Vegetarian
1091:Ethics of eating meat
410:Labeling requirements
240:
4009:Muscat of Alexandria
3462:Moosewood Restaurant
3311:Moosewood Collective
3226:Crescent Dragonwagon
3134:Kathleen Keen Zolber
2794:James Elmslie Duncan
2654:Bertrand P. Allinson
1888:Living the Good Life
1776:Fruits and Farinacea
1679:World Vegetarian Day
1629:ProVeg International
1017:Fictional characters
94:improve this article
4587:Yeast in winemaking
4539:Carbonic maceration
3579:List of vegan media
3508:Cranks (restaurant)
3306:Joanne Lee Molinaro
3276:Frances Moore Lappé
3064:William O. Stephens
3059:Ernest Lester Smith
3049:Richard H. Schwartz
3034:Henry Stephens Salt
3024:Ulma Doyle Register
2954:Harry Willis Miller
2934:Alice Garrett Marsh
2889:John Harvey Kellogg
2543:James E. McWilliams
2308:The Animals' Agenda
1290:Microbial cellulose
1265:Gelatin substitutes
1228:Chicken fillet roll
956:Lacto vegetarianism
311:Examples of common
241:A glass of red wine
4577:Traditional method
4378:Wine personalities
4082:Cabernet Sauvignon
3533:New Riverside Cafe
3523:Lentil as Anything
3501:Former restaurants
3437:Crossroads Kitchen
3361:Alicia Silverstone
3296:Hetty Lui McKinnon
3246:Carol Lee Flinders
3104:Severin Wielobycki
2809:Charles W. Forward
2664:Charles R. Attwood
2438:Caldwell Esselstyn
1944:Moosewood Cookbook
1792:The Ethics of Diet
1654:Vegetarian Society
1624:ProVeg Deutschland
649:Dom (2018-12-27).
243:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4707:
4478:Late harvest wine
4428:
4427:
4165:
4164:
4062:Alicante Bouschet
3810:Judgment of Paris
3646:
3645:
3447:Greens Restaurant
3326:Bawa Muhaiyaddeen
3196:Suzy Amis Cameron
3186:Edward Espe Brown
3181:Martha Brotherton
3142:
3141:
3079:Frederick Towgood
3044:James Scholefield
2984:R. E. O'Callaghan
2814:Michael Allen Fox
2789:Daniel Dombrowski
2694:George Bedborough
2679:Horace A. Barrows
2644:Phyllis B. Acosta
2538:John A. McDougall
2493:Avery Yale Kamila
2443:Gary L. Francione
2398:T. Colin Campbell
2348:Suzanne M. Babich
2245:The Game Changers
2189:Live and Let Live
2173:Forks Over Knives
2133:Peaceable Kingdom
2125:Post Punk Kitchen
2109:A Cow at My Table
2056:Vegetable Kingdom
1784:The Pleasure Boat
1768:Nature's Own Book
1736:Vegetable Cookery
1687:
1686:
1516:The Vegan Society
1329:Nutritional yeast
1209:
1208:
1045:
1044:
966:Ovo vegetarianism
913:Vegan school meal
500:"Vegan Wines 101"
428:skin pricks tests
263:organic particles
235:
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170:
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67:
16:(Redirected from
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4407:
4406:
4322:Proteins in wine
3989:Grüner Veltliner
3937:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3669:
3650:
3619:Planetary health
3609:Sustainable diet
3599:Plant-based diet
3538:Nix (restaurant)
3452:Hiltl Restaurant
3396:Umberto Veronesi
3366:Hannah Sunderani
3341:Mathew Pritchard
3301:Tracye McQuirter
3211:Chloe Coscarelli
3149:cookbook authors
3094:Emil Weilshäuser
2964:Reuben D. Mussey
2944:William Metcalfe
2869:Philippe Hecquet
2784:Daniël de Clercq
2684:Geoffrey Barstow
2628:Sophie Zaïkowska
2518:Thomas Lepeltier
2473:A. Breeze Harper
2428:George Dornbusch
2393:Jodey Castricano
2328:
2294:Vegetarian Times
2237:Eating You Alive
2205:PlantPure Nation
2093:The Animals Film
1936:Laurel's Kitchen
1872:A Fleshless Diet
1634:ProVeg Nederland
1444:
1389:Vegetarian bacon
1302:Meat alternative
1054:
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630:"Labelling Wine"
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546:
532:
515:
514:
512:
510:
495:
489:
488:
486:
485:
470:
343:The most common
230:
223:
212:
209:
203:
180:
172:
165:
158:
154:
151:
145:
143:
102:
78:
70:
59:
37:
36:
29:
21:
4747:
4746:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4701:Wine portal
4693:
4686:
4677:History of wine
4635:
4619:
4591:
4543:
4525:
4506:Deacidification
4492:
4464:
4459:
4429:
4424:
4409:Wine portal
4401:
4392:
4331:
4293:
4198:
4188:
4161:
4048:
4029:Sauvignon blanc
3964:Cayetana blanca
3932:
3930:grape varieties
3923:
3816:
3744:
3701:
3696:
3661:
3647:
3642:
3562:
3553:The Hollow Reed
3543:Penny Cafeteria
3518:InSpiral Lounge
3496:
3415:
3356:Miyoko Schinner
3286:Linda McCartney
3281:Deborah Madison
3251:Alexis Gauthier
3166:Carleigh Bodrug
3148:
3138:
3124:Jon Wynne-Tyson
3109:Howard Williams
2989:Josiah Oldfield
2959:J. Howard Moore
2949:Eli Peck Miller
2909:W. R. C. Latson
2899:Daniel H. Kress
2839:Jeremiah Hacker
2799:Eknath Easwaran
2779:Lenna F. Cooper
2729:Ernest Bonnejoy
2689:Sidney H. Beard
2659:Thomas Allinson
2632:
2618:Corey Lee Wrenn
2613:Kim A. Williams
2383:Will Bulsiewicz
2358:Neal D. Barnard
2323:
2321:
2319:
2313:
2267:
2213:What the Health
2084:Films and shows
2078:
1984:The China Study
1856:The Meat Fetish
1711:
1709:
1703:
1683:
1602:Meatless Monday
1540:
1536:World Vegan Day
1436:
1428:
1399:Vegetarian mark
1215:
1205:
1125:
1041:
995:
922:
845:
836:
784:
779:
778:
723:
722:
718:
709:
707:
698:
697:
693:
684:
682:
673:
672:
668:
659:
657:
648:
647:
643:
634:
632:
628:
627:
623:
613:
611:
608:
604:
603:
599:
590:
588:
580:
579:
575:
565:
563:
558:
557:
553:
544:
542:
536:"Fining Agents"
534:
533:
518:
508:
506:
497:
496:
492:
483:
481:
472:
471:
464:
459:
437:
412:
383:
371:
362:
354:
341:
313:animal products
309:
303:
281:(albumen), and
231:
220:
219:
218:
213:
207:
204:
197:
185:This article's
181:
166:
155:
149:
146:
103:
101:
91:
79:
38:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4745:
4743:
4735:
4734:
4729:
4719:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4705:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4643:
4641:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4627:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4601:
4599:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4567:Sugars in wine
4564:
4559:
4553:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4535:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4516:Chaptalization
4513:
4508:
4502:
4500:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4472:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4435:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4343:Classification
4339:
4337:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4327:Sugars in wine
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4303:
4301:
4299:Wine chemistry
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4274:Wine dispenser
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4205:
4203:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4175:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4077:Cabernet Franc
4074:
4069:
4064:
4058:
4056:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4044:Welschriesling
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3999:Müller-Thurgau
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3945:
3943:
3934:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3766:Ancient Greece
3763:
3754:
3752:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3711:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3672:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3653:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3636:Pollotarianism
3633:
3631:Pescetarianism
3626:Flexitarianism
3623:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3316:Charity Morgan
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3291:Mary McCartney
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3266:Madhur Jaffrey
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3099:Ellen G. White
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2939:Elmer McCollum
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2919:Susan M. Levin
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2884:Isaac Jennings
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2864:William Harvey
2861:
2856:
2854:Alexander Haig
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2829:Mahatma Gandhi
2826:
2821:
2819:Peter Foxcroft
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2769:Antonio Cocchi
2766:
2764:Henry S. Clubb
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2674:Eduard Baltzer
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2649:William Alcott
2646:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2603:Sunaura Taylor
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2548:Vesanto Melina
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2513:Maxwell G. Lee
2510:
2505:
2500:
2498:Michael Klaper
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2468:Michael Greger
2465:
2463:Lewis Gompertz
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2388:Georges Butaud
2385:
2380:
2375:
2373:Yves Bonnardel
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2353:Martin Balluch
2350:
2345:
2343:Carol J. Adams
2340:
2334:
2332:
2325:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2117:Meet Your Meat
2113:
2105:
2097:
2088:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2068:
2060:
2052:
2044:
2036:
2028:
2020:
2016:Eating Animals
2012:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1980:
1972:
1964:
1956:
1948:
1940:
1932:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1864:The New Ethics
1860:
1852:
1844:
1836:
1828:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1780:
1772:
1764:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1732:
1724:
1715:
1713:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1597:Meat-free days
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1506:Vegan Outreach
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1450:
1448:
1441:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1233:Coconut burger
1230:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1186:Pythagoreanism
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1151:
1141:
1135:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1071:Animal welfare
1068:
1062:
1060:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1003:
1001:
997:
996:
994:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
932:
930:
924:
923:
921:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
899:
898:
888:
883:
878:
873:
871:Black veganism
868:
862:
860:
851:
847:
846:
837:
835:
834:
827:
820:
812:
806:
805:
800:
795:
790:
783:
782:External links
780:
777:
776:
716:
691:
666:
655:Vegan Wine Box
641:
621:
597:
573:
551:
516:
490:
478:Inside Science
461:
460:
458:
455:
454:
453:
448:
443:
436:
433:
411:
408:
382:
379:
370:
367:
361:
358:
353:
350:
345:animal product
340:
337:
333:European Union
302:
299:
233:
232:
215:
214:
194:the key points
184:
182:
175:
168:
167:
150:September 2014
82:
80:
73:
68:
42:
41:
39:
32:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4744:
4733:
4732:Vegetarianism
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4689:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4638:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4550:
4546:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4456:
4451:
4449:
4444:
4442:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4395:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4312:Acids in wine
4310:
4308:
4307:Aroma of wine
4305:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4196:
4191:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4171:Major regions
4168:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4127:Montepulciano
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3926:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3693:
3688:
3686:
3681:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3651:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:Juice fasting
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3559:
3556:
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3509:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3487:Veggie Galaxy
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
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3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3386:Lauren Toyota
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
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3359:
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3299:
3297:
3294:
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3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3271:Mollie Katzen
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3236:Rip Esselstyn
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Sue Donaldson
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
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3199:
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3097:
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3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:Alan Stoddard
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3054:James Simpson
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3029:Rollo Russell
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3019:James Rachels
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3004:Cyril V. Pink
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2974:Scott Nearing
2972:
2970:
2969:Helen Nearing
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
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2937:
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2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2924:Andrew Linzey
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2904:William Lambe
2902:
2900:
2897:
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2887:
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2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
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2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2849:Walter Hadwen
2847:
2845:
2842:
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2837:
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2832:
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2800:
2797:
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2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:Edwin Collier
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2759:George Cheyne
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2739:J. L. Buttner
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
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2710:
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2639:
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2629:
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2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2608:Richard Twine
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:David Sztybel
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2568:David Olivier
2566:
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2559:
2556:
2554:
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2458:Valéry Giroux
2456:
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2363:David Benatar
2361:
2359:
2356:
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2349:
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2339:
2338:Elisa Aaltola
2336:
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2326:
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2199:
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2182:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2149:A Sacred Duty
2146:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2114:
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2110:
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2102:
2098:
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2069:
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2037:
2034:
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2029:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1989:
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1981:
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1834:
1833:
1832:Figs or Pigs?
1829:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1817:
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1753:
1749:
1746:
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1738:
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1733:
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1725:
1723:(3rd century)
1722:
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1706:
1700:
1697:
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1507:
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1499:
1497:
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1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1481:Our Hen House
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1467:
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1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
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1431:
1425:
1424:Veggie burger
1422:
1420:
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1407:
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1234:
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1199:
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1128:
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1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1066:Animal rights
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1027:Organizations
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
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1013:
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1008:
1005:
1004:
1002:
998:
992:
989:
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957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
931:
929:
928:Vegetarianism
925:
919:
918:Vegan studies
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
897:
894:
893:
892:
891:Straight edge
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
876:Fruitarianism
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
861:
859:
855:
852:
848:
844:
843:vegetarianism
840:
833:
828:
826:
821:
819:
814:
813:
810:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
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781:
772:
768:
763:
758:
754:
750:
745:
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732:
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717:
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702:
695:
692:
681:
677:
670:
667:
656:
652:
645:
642:
631:
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583:
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574:
561:
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541:
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501:
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467:
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447:
444:
442:
439:
438:
434:
432:
429:
425:
421:
416:
409:
407:
403:
400:
396:
393:mineral, and
392:
388:
380:
378:
376:
368:
366:
359:
357:
351:
349:
346:
338:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
321:Mediterranean
318:
314:
308:
300:
298:
296:
292:
291:vegetarianism
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
251:fining agents
248:
239:
229:
226:
211:
201:
195:
193:
188:
183:
179:
174:
173:
164:
161:
153:
142:
139:
135:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111: –
110:
106:
105:Find sources:
99:
95:
89:
88:
83:This article
81:
77:
72:
71:
66:
64:
57:
56:
51:
50:
45:
40:
31:
30:
27:
19:
4692:
4549:Fermentation
4400:
4383:Wine tasting
4004:Muscat blanc
3974:Chenin blanc
3771:Ancient Rome
3548:Pink Peacock
3528:Minerva Café
3492:Veggie Grill
3477:Souley Vegan
3472:Slutty Vegan
3406:Alan Wakeman
3381:Haile Thomas
3371:Bryant Terry
3261:Richa Hingle
3256:Dick Gregory
3161:Mayim Bialik
3129:Tzachi Zamir
3084:Sidney Trist
2929:Clair Linzey
2749:Job Caudwell
2724:George Black
2669:William Axon
2623:Laura Wright
2593:Peter Singer
2588:Jérôme Segal
2578:Emelia Quinn
2573:David Pearce
2558:David Nibert
2553:Gemma Newman
2533:Reed Mangels
2523:Howard Lyman
2448:Joel Fuhrman
2423:Alan Desmond
2408:Brenda Davis
2378:Will Bonsall
2306:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2259:
2253:Maa Ka Doodh
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2139:
2131:
2123:
2115:
2107:
2099:
2091:
2070:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1992:Skinny Bitch
1990:
1982:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1952:Fit for Life
1950:
1942:
1934:
1926:
1918:
1910:
1902:
1894:
1886:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1854:
1846:
1838:
1830:
1822:
1814:
1806:
1798:
1790:
1782:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1734:
1726:
1718:
1669:Viva! Health
1664:Veggie Pride
1552:Alcott House
1491:Plamil Foods
1468:
1418:
1409:Sausage roll
1285:Konjac jelly
1238:Coconut milk
1144:Christianity
1096:Meat paradox
1081:Deep ecology
886:Raw veganism
850:Perspectives
734:
730:
719:
708:. Retrieved
704:
694:
683:. Retrieved
679:
669:
658:. Retrieved
654:
644:
633:. Retrieved
624:
614:24 September
612:. Retrieved
600:
589:. Retrieved
585:
576:
564:. Retrieved
554:
543:. Retrieved
539:
507:. Retrieved
503:
493:
482:. Retrieved
480:. 2015-04-24
477:
417:
413:
404:
384:
372:
363:
355:
342:
310:
287:
244:
221:
205:
189:
187:lead section
156:
147:
137:
130:
123:
116:
104:
92:Please help
87:verification
84:
60:
53:
47:
46:Please help
43:
26:
4652:Wine bottle
4624:Other steps
4615:Wine cellar
4572:Süssreserve
4264:Wine cellar
4254:Wine bottle
4195:accessories
4193:Packaging,
4152:Tempranillo
3781:Noah's wine
3761:Phoenicians
3707:Viticulture
3420:Restaurants
3376:Anna Thomas
3351:Derek Sarno
3231:Rose Elliot
3216:Yamuna Devi
3171:Gypsy Boots
3119:W. A. Sibly
3114:Frank Wokes
2994:Dean Ornish
2894:Norman Kerr
2874:Brian Hines
2859:Edward Hare
2844:John Haddon
2824:Greta Gaard
2754:James Clark
2744:Paul Carton
2709:Ragnar Berg
2704:Robert Bell
2699:Ernest Bell
2563:Jack Norris
2508:Renan Larue
2483:Melanie Joy
2478:Oscar Horta
2453:Kristi Funk
2433:Mylan Engel
2418:Jan Deckers
2413:Garth Davis
2403:Robert Cook
2368:Steven Best
2320:activists,
2318:Academics,
2128:(2003–2005)
1896:Ten Talents
1607:Friday Fast
1334:Plant cream
1275:Carrageenan
1223:Agave syrup
1111:Sentientism
1101:Nonviolence
1037:Vegan media
1032:Restaurants
1007:Vegetarians
981:Ecofeminism
369:Egg Albumen
4721:Categories
4531:Maceration
4521:Wine press
4511:Destemming
4462:Winemaking
4368:Wine fraud
4363:Wine fault
4348:Oenophilia
4284:Wine label
4279:Wine glass
4244:Port tongs
4142:Sangiovese
4137:Pinot noir
4097:Douce noir
4024:Rkatsiteli
3969:Chardonnay
3959:Catarratto
3933:by acreage
3907:Biodynamic
3870:Aromatized
3659:winemaking
3614:Low-carbon
3594:Vegaphobia
3432:Cinnaholic
3401:Nisha Vora
3331:Gaz Oakley
3241:Toni Fiore
3206:Pinky Cole
3201:Hannah Che
3156:Nava Atlas
3014:Rod Preece
2999:Felix Ortt
2804:T. Forster
2714:Rynn Berry
2637:Vegetarian
2528:Al-Ma'arri
2324:physicians
2280:Naked Food
2197:Cowspiracy
2141:Earthlings
2072:Meat Atlas
1592:Jewish Veg
1545:Vegetarian
1521:Veganmania
1501:Vegan flag
1384:Vegetables
1359:Soy yogurt
1339:Plant milk
1121:Tirukkuṟaḷ
1116:Speciesism
991:By country
951:Orthopathy
710:2019-08-03
685:2019-08-03
660:2020-02-09
635:2020-02-09
591:2019-08-04
566:12 January
545:2019-08-04
509:12 January
484:2019-08-03
457:References
305:See also:
120:newspapers
49:improve it
18:Vegan wine
4483:Noble rot
4373:Winemaker
4353:Sommelier
4289:Wine rack
4269:Wine cork
4259:Wine cave
4249:Screw cap
4219:Corkscrew
4184:New World
4179:Old World
4157:Zinfandel
4132:Mourvèdre
4039:Trebbiano
3979:Colombard
3880:Noble rot
3860:Fortified
3838:Sparkling
3805:New World
3411:Joe Yonan
3147:Chefs and
2914:Elmer Lee
2583:Tom Regan
2488:Joel Kahn
2322:authors,
2272:Magazines
2181:Vegucated
1692:Companies
1526:Veganuary
1324:Mock duck
1216:and drink
1191:Rastafari
1131:Religious
1022:Festivals
986:Nutrition
903:Nutrition
753:2045-7022
737:(1): 10.
420:allergens
387:bentonite
352:Isinglass
279:egg white
275:isinglass
208:July 2020
192:summarize
55:talk page
4498:Pressing
4420:Glossary
4336:Industry
4229:Jug wine
4224:Decanter
4214:Box wine
4112:Isabella
4107:Grenache
4087:Carignan
4034:Sémillon
4019:Riesling
4014:Palomino
3757:Ancient
3740:Vineyard
3735:Veraison
3720:Oenology
3391:Jeeca Uy
3089:Valluvar
2229:Dominion
2075:(annual)
1712:journals
1710:reports,
1639:Swissveg
1470:Go Vegan
1374:Tofurkey
1154:Hinduism
1139:Buddhism
896:Hardline
858:Veganism
839:Veganism
771:22409883
674:be-veg.
586:wiseGEEK
435:See also
424:in-vitro
295:veganism
255:proteins
4682:Terroir
4640:Related
4488:Vintage
4470:Harvest
4415:Outline
4239:Muselet
4201:storage
4092:Cinsaut
4067:Barbera
3994:Macabeo
3954:Aligoté
3912:Organic
3902:Natural
3855:Dessert
3800:Georgia
3750:History
3730:Terroir
3725:Species
3567:Related
3467:Purezza
2301:VegNews
2221:Carnage
2165:Planeat
1404:Sausage
1394:Hot dog
1280:Gulaman
1258:legumes
1253:cereals
1196:Sikhism
1181:Judaism
1176:Jainism
1159:Sattvic
1076:Carnism
1058:Secular
971:Cuisine
946:History
881:History
762:3339366
705:ttb.gov
676:"BeVeg"
504:VegNews
399:clarify
375:albumen
339:Gelatin
331:or the
271:gelatin
134:scholar
4647:Winery
4610:Solera
4234:Kvevri
4122:Merlot
4117:Malbec
3917:Kosher
3893:Other
3848:Orange
3821:Styles
3788:France
2503:Aph Ko
2264:(2024)
2256:(2023)
2248:(2018)
2240:(2018)
2232:(2018)
2224:(2017)
2216:(2017)
2208:(2015)
2200:(2014)
2192:(2013)
2184:(2011)
2176:(2011)
2168:(2010)
2160:(2010)
2152:(2007)
2144:(2005)
2136:(2004)
2120:(2002)
2112:(1998)
2104:(1991)
2096:(1981)
2067:(2022)
2059:(2020)
2051:(2018)
2043:(2016)
2035:(2015)
2027:(2009)
2019:(2009)
2011:(2006)
2003:(2006)
1995:(2005)
1987:(2005)
1979:(1997)
1971:(1990)
1963:(1987)
1955:(1985)
1947:(1977)
1939:(1976)
1931:(1975)
1923:(1973)
1915:(1972)
1907:(1971)
1899:(1968)
1891:(1954)
1883:(1927)
1875:(1910)
1867:(1907)
1859:(1904)
1851:(1903)
1843:(1898)
1835:(1896)
1827:(1895)
1819:(1892)
1811:(1891)
1803:(1886)
1795:(1883)
1787:(1845)
1779:(1845)
1771:(1835)
1763:(1824)
1755:(1814)
1747:(1813)
1739:(1812)
1731:(1802)
1708:Books,
1531:Veganz
1439:events
1434:Groups
1379:Cheese
1364:Tempeh
1354:Seitan
1344:Quinoa
1297:Jambon
1248:Grains
1243:Fruits
1201:Taoism
1164:Ahimsa
1050:Ethics
1012:Vegans
769:
759:
751:
699:ALFD.
360:Casein
283:casein
267:animal
247:fining
136:
129:
122:
115:
107:
4597:Aging
4147:Syrah
4102:Gamay
4072:Bobal
3984:Glera
3949:Airén
3941:White
3897:Table
3885:Straw
3875:Fruit
3833:White
3776:China
3655:Wines
3176:BOSH!
2331:Vegan
2287:Satya
1447:Vegan
1349:Quorn
1319:Mochi
1171:Islam
1000:Lists
680:BeVeg
609:(PDF)
317:blood
259:yeast
141:JSTOR
127:books
4199:and
3928:Top
3843:Rosé
3699:Wine
3657:and
1437:and
1419:Wine
1414:Beer
1369:Tofu
1314:Miso
1270:Agar
1214:Food
841:and
767:PMID
749:ISSN
616:2021
568:2022
511:2022
446:Wine
391:clay
389:, a
373:Egg
329:U.S.
293:and
113:news
4605:Oak
4054:Red
3865:Ice
3828:Red
757:PMC
739:doi
96:by
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