3732:(liberation, freedom, self-realization). Each of the four Asramas of life are a form of personal and social environment, each stage with ethical guidelines, duties and responsibilities, for the individual and for the society. Each Asrama stage places different levels of emphasis on the four proper goals of life, with different stages viewed as steps to the attainment of the ideal in Hindu philosophy, namely Moksha.
3378:
3487:), for fulfilment, happiness and spiritual liberation. Moreover, since the four asramas can be seen as the framework of an influential life-span model, they are also part of an indigenous developmental psychology which from its ancient beginnings until today has shaped the orientations and goals of many people, especially in India.
60:
3628:
stage was considered as the most important of all stages in sociological context, as human beings in this stage not only pursued a virtuous life, they produced food and wealth that sustained people in other stages of life, as well as the offsprings that continued mankind. The stage also represented
3511:(renunciate). Documented in early Dharmasutras (2nd-3rd centuries BCE), it allowed free choice among these paths, which were viewed as permanent vocations. The term asrama was coined to describe these lifestyles, particularly those of exceptional Brahmins dedicated to austerities and rituals.
3652:
The retirement stage, where a person handed over household responsibilities to the next generation, took an advisory role, and gradually withdrew from the world. Vanaprastha stage was a transition phase from a householder's life with its greater emphasis on
3686:
The stage was marked by renunciation of material desires and prejudices, represented by a state of disinterest and detachment from material life, generally without any meaningful property or home (ascetic), and focused on
3773:
The life span of a man is one hundred years. Dividing that time, he should attend to three aims of life in such a way that they support, rather than hinder each other. In his youth he should attend to profitable aims
4249:
Saraswathi et al (2010), Reconceptualizing
Lifespan Development through a Hindu Perspective, in Bridging Cultural and Developmental Approaches to Psychology (Editor: Lene Arnett Jensen), Oxford University Press,
3495:
The four asramas system aimed to integrate renunciation into
Brahmanical society around the fourth century BCE. Initially, it offered young adults four lifelong paths post-vedic initiation:
4362:
Chakkarath, Pradeep (2005). "What Can
Western Psychology Learn from Indigenous Psychologies? Lessons from Hindu Psychology". In W. Friedlmeier, P. Chakkarath, & B. Schwarz (Eds.),
3514:
Under the Asrama system, the human lifespan was divided into four periods. The goal of each period was the fulfilment and development of the individual. The classical system, in the
3620:
This stage referred to the individual's married life, with the duties of maintaining a household, raising a family, educating one's children, and leading a family-centred and a
4195:
Mazumdar and
Mazumdar (2005), Home in the Context of Religion, in Home and Identity in Late Life: International Perspectives (Editor: Graham D. Rowles et al.), Springer,
3769:, most texts make no recommendation on the relative preference on Artha or Kama, that an individual must emphasise in what stage of life. The Kamasutra states,
3765:
is the ultimate noble goal, recommended for everyone, to be sought at any stage of life. On the other two, the texts are unclear. With the exception of
108:
3528:, presents these as sequential stages of human life and recommends ages for entry to each stage, while in the original system presented in the early
2285:
871:
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Neither ancient nor medieval texts of India state that any of the first three
Asramas must devote itself solely to a specific goal of life (
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one where the most intense physical, sexual, emotional, occupational, social and material attachments exist in a human being's life.
3481:. It is also a component of the ethical theories in Indian philosophy, where it is combined with four proper goals of human life (
2194:
1025:
4342:
Patrick
Olivelle (1993), The Āśram System: The History and Hermeneutics of a Religious Institution, Oxford University Press,
3871:
Patrick
Olivelle (1993), The Āśram System: The History and Hermeneutics of a Religious Institution, Oxford University Press,
145:
3987:
Indian thoughts on psychological human development. In G. Misra (Ed.), Psychology and
Psychoanalysis in India (pp. 167-190)
1618:
4486:
3581:(mentor), acquiring knowledge of science, philosophy, scriptures and logic, practicing self-discipline, working to earn
3534:
the
Asramas were four alternative available ways of life, neither presented as sequential nor with age recommendations.
2174:
2114:
717:
4127:
R Pandey (1969), Hindu Saṁskāras: Socio-Religious Study of the Hindu
Sacraments (2nd Ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass,
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4232:
Ralph Tench and William Sun (2014), Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility: Perspectives and Practice,
4215:
Albertina Nugteren (2005), Belief, Bounty, And Beauty: Rituals Around Sacred Trees in India, Brill Academic,
3569:
represented the bachelor student stage of life. This stage focuses on education and included the practice of
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4369:
Chakkarath, Pradeep (2013). "Indian Thoughts on Psychological Human Development". In G. Misra (Ed.),
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Culture and Human Development: The Importance of Cross-cultural Research to the Social Sciences
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This article is about the ancient Indian concept of life stages. For spiritual hermitage, see
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1995:
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1380:
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806:
608:
515:
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4058:
The Hindu Way of Awakening: Its Revelation, Its Symbols, an Essential View of Religion
3691:, peace and simple spiritual life. Anyone could enter this stage after completing the
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is different, and the overwhelming consensus in ancient and medieval texts is that
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4004:. Blackwell companions to religion. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub. pp. 277–279.
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The Āśrama System: The History and Hermeneutics of a Religious Institution
4347:
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3832:
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3661:(wealth, security, pleasure and desires) to one with greater emphasis on
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4109:
Ritual, Knowledge, and Being: Initiation and Veda Study in Ancient India
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268:
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250:
4171:
Manilal Bose (1998). "5. Grihastha Ashrama, Vanprastha and Sanyasa".
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4373:(pp. 167–190). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.
3440:
texts of the ancient and medieval eras. The four asramas are:
4280:
DP Bhawuk (2011), "The Paths of Bondage and Liberation", in
3895:
RK Sharma (1999), Indian Society, Institutions and Change,
3716:, or four proper aims of life in Hindu philosophy, namely,
522:
59:
3712:
concept in Hinduism. It is integrated with the concept of
3577:(family/clan of the guru) and typically would live with a
4037:(Editors: Sushil Mittal and Gene Thursby), Routledge,
4091:. (Swaminarayan Aksharpith: Ahmedabad, 2010) p. 113.
3795:
Kamasutr 1.2.1–1.2.4, Translated by Patrick Olivelle
4397:
3963:, International Journal of Ethics, 40(2): 232–245
4483:Social action, inward contemplation and Asramas
3771:
3708:The Asramas system is one facet of the complex
27:The ancient Indian concept of human life stages
4175:. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 68–79.
3778:) such as learning, in his prime to pleasure (
4366:(pp. 31–51). New York: Psychology Press.
4267:S. Radhakrishnan (1922), "The Hindu Dharma",
4061:, Crystal Clarity Publishers, pp. 154–,
3989:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.
3436:) is a system of stages of life discussed in
3402:
8:
4173:Social and cultural history of ancient India
4477:—Timothy Burgin, July 11, 2007; Yoga Basics
4150:. Northern Book Centre. pp. 110–114.
3747:stage of life must entirely be devoted to
3409:
3395:
38:
4430:Virtue, Success, Pleasure, and Liberation
4400:Perennial Psychology of the Bhagavad Gita
3867:
3865:
3863:
3536:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4211:
4209:
4089:Hinduism: An Introduction – Part 2
3859:
2286:Sources and classification of scripture
50:
4371:Psychology and Psychoanalysis in India
4118:, Numen, Vol. 33, Fasc. 1, pages 65–89
4033:Barbara Holdrege (2004), "Dharma", in
3975:Chakkarath, Pradeep (2005), pp. 31-54.
3948:
3946:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3885:
908:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)
903:Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)
7:
3728:(love, relationships, emotions) and
3507:(forest walker/forest dweller), and
3458:(forest walker/forest dweller), and
4002:The Blackwell companion to Hinduism
4282:Spirituality and Indian Psychology
25:
4147:Axiological approach to the Vedas
3724:(wealth, health, means of life),
3761:is held primary for all stages.
3593:(righteousness, morals, duties).
3376:
58:
4314:International Journal of Ethics
4269:International Journal of Ethics
3930:International Journal of Ethics
4381:. Crystal Clarity Publishers.
4303:The Principles of Hindu Ethics
3954:The Principles of Hindu Ethics
3919:The Principles of Hindu Ethics
146:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies
1:
4404:. Himalayan Institute Press.
4000:Flood, Gavin D., ed. (2003).
3589:, learning to live a life of
3207:Other society-related topics:
898:Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)
4508:Hindu philosophical concepts
4357:General and cited references
4144:Sahebrao Genu Nigal (1986).
3985:Chakkarath, Pradeep (2013).
3318:Hinduism and other religions
2115:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati
4475:"The Four Ashramas of Yoga"
4449:, Oxford University Press,
3720:(piety, morality, duties),
3471:system is one facet of the
3063:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram
3035:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
763:Arishadvargas (six enemies)
707:Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)
702:Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)
4529:
4379:The Hindu Way of Awakening
4377:Kriyananda, Swami (1998).
4055:J. Donald Walters (1998),
2939:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
1619:Gurus, sants, philosophers
1555:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
743:Uparati (self-settledness)
29:
3782:), and in his old age to
3433:
2105:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati
758:Samadhana (concentration)
622:Three paths to liberation
129:Tribal religions in India
114:Historical Vedic religion
109:Indus Valley Civilisation
4114:14 December 2018 at the
3665:(spiritual liberation).
3573:. The student went to a
934:, sacrifice, and charity
3739:). The fourth stage of
3112:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2325:Timeline of Hindu texts
2230:Siddharameshwar Maharaj
1258:Pumsavana Simantonayana
913:Śabda (word, testimony)
151:Epic-Puranic chronology
119:Dravidian folk religion
4308:3 October 2022 at the
4301:Alban Widgery (1930),
4087:Vivekjivandas, Sadhu.
3959:3 October 2022 at the
3952:Alban Widgery (1930),
3924:3 October 2022 at the
3917:Alban Widgery (1930),
3798:
3704:Asrama and Purushartha
3549:Rituals of transition
3520:Vaikhanasa Dharmasutra
3077:Eighteen Greater Texts
2706:Brahma Vaivarta Purana
2135:Krishnananda Saraswati
1374:Vijayadashami-Dussehra
888:Pratyakṣa (perception)
748:Titiksha (forbearance)
3193:Varna-related topics:
3084:Eighteen Lesser Texts
2657:Devi Bhagavata Purana
1548:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
1534:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1466:Philosophical schools
768:Ahamkara (attachment)
728:Vairagya (dispassion)
656:Mokṣa-related topics:
4396:Rama, Swami (1985).
4107:Brian Smith (1986),
3879:, pages 1–29, 84–111
3325:Hinduism and Jainism
2255:Vethathiri Maharishi
2160:Nisargadatta Maharaj
723:Viveka (discernment)
98:(500/200 BCE–300 CE)
3585:to be paid for the
3383:Hinduism portal
3262:Hinduism by country
3098:Iraiyanar Akapporul
3042:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
2125:Dayananda Saraswati
2110:Bhaktivinoda Thakur
2016:Sripada Srivallabha
1956:Raghunatha Siromani
1921:Narasimha Saraswati
1821:Santadas Kathiababa
893:Anumāṇa (inference)
18:Vedic ashram system
4481:Pravritti-Nivritti
4316:, 40(2): 239–240.
3932:, 40(2): 237–239.
3277:Caribbean Shaktism
2996:Kanakadhara Stotra
2245:U. G. Krishnamurti
2225:Satyadhyana Tirtha
1816:Gangesha Upadhyaya
1474:Six Astika schools
718:Ānanda (happiness)
697:Anātman (non-self)
4513:Human life stages
4290:978-1-4419-8109-7
4097:978-81-7526-434-2
4068:978-1-56589-745-8
4011:978-0-631-21535-6
3843:Varna in Hinduism
3701:
3700:
3678:(renounced life)
3614:(household life)
3560:(Student's life)
3540:Āśrama or stage
3419:
3418:
3270:Balinese Hinduism
2769:Markandeya Purana
2006:Satyanatha Tirtha
1961:Raghuttama Tirtha
1951:Raghavendra Swami
1791:Ramdas Kathiababa
872:Sources of dharma
738:Dama (temperance)
733:Sama (equanimity)
99:
16:(Redirected from
4520:
4487:The Four Ashrams
4443:Patrick Olivelle
4415:
4403:
4392:
4351:
4340:
4325:
4299:
4293:
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3915:
3904:
3893:
3880:
3869:
3796:
3537:
3516:Āśrama Upanishad
3435:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3341:and Christianity
3311:Pilgrimage sites
3241:Reform movements
3119:Vinayagar Agaval
3070:Five Great Epics
3019:Tamil literature
2918:Sushruta Samhita
2713:Bhavishya Purana
2699:Brahmanda Purana
2650:Bhagavata Purana
2578:Other scriptures
2140:Mahavatar Babaji
1715:Satyakama Jabala
1386:Ganesh Chaturthi
1240:Rites of passage
753:Shraddha (faith)
171:Major traditions
97:
62:
39:
21:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4522:
4521:
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4493:
4492:
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4422:
4420:Further reading
4412:
4395:
4389:
4376:
4359:
4354:
4350:, pages 216–219
4341:
4328:
4310:Wayback Machine
4300:
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4122:
4116:Wayback Machine
4106:
4102:
4086:
4082:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4035:The Hindu World
4032:
4028:
4023:
4019:
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3999:
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3994:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3974:
3967:
3961:Wayback Machine
3951:
3944:
3926:Wayback Machine
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3852:
3803:
3797:
3794:
3706:
3695:stage of life.
3682:
3677:
3646:(retired life)
3645:
3613:
3559:
3503:(householder),
3493:
3452:(householder),
3415:
3377:
3375:
3356:
3355:
3349:
3319:
3285:
3264:
3256:
3246:
3245:
3208:
3141:
3133:
3125:
3124:
3021:
2989:
2911:Charaka Samhita
2890:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
2848:Shilpa Shastras
2827:
2780:
2664:Naradiya Purana
2636:
2631:
2606:
2580:
2539:
2403:
2335:
2319:
2288:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2215:Shirdi Sai Baba
2210:Sathya Sai Baba
2190:Ramana Maharshi
2094:
2061:Vadiraja Tirtha
2056:Vācaspati Miśra
1936:Srinivasacharya
1916:Narahari Tirtha
1896:Matsyendranatha
1881:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
1846:Jagannatha Dasa
1836:Haridasa Thakur
1750:
1629:
1621:
1611:
1610:
1566:
1527:Vishishtadvaita
1476:
1468:
1458:
1457:
1411:Makar Sankranti
1391:Vasant Panchami
1354:Maha Shivaratri
1338:
1242:
1151:
1085:
1054:
935:
926:
918:
917:
882:
776:
713:Prajña (wisdom)
709:
686:
650:
624:
593:
562:
560:Meaning of life
547:God in Hinduism
536:
500:
498:Supreme reality
475:Subtle elements
464:
445:
439:
429:
428:
284:
253:
227:
219:
209:
208:
205:
172:
166:
156:
155:
100:
95:Hindu synthesis
91:
86:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4526:
4524:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4484:
4478:
4470:
4469:External links
4467:
4466:
4465:
4440:
4438:978-0892812189
4426:Alain Daniélou
4421:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4410:
4393:
4387:
4374:
4367:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4326:
4294:
4292:, pages 93–110
4273:
4260:
4258:, page 280-286
4256:978-0195383430
4242:
4238:978-1783507955
4225:
4221:978-9004146013
4205:
4203:, pages 81–103
4201:978-0826127150
4188:
4181:
4163:
4156:
4136:
4120:
4100:
4080:
4067:
4047:
4026:
4017:
4010:
3992:
3977:
3965:
3942:
3905:
3901:978-8171566655
3881:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3792:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3684:
3679:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3650:
3647:
3637:
3636:
3630:
3618:
3615:
3605:
3604:
3594:
3564:
3561:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3522:and the later
3492:
3489:
3464:(renunciate).
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3347:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3260:
3257:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3214:Discrimination
3210:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3105:Abirami Antati
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2991:
2990:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2953:Ramcharitmanas
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2904:Pramana Sutras
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2876:Mimamsa Sutras
2872:
2869:Samkhya Sutras
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2834:Dharma Shastra
2829:
2828:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2616:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2590:
2582:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2494:
2486:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2471:
2468:Shvetashvatara
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2440:Brihadaranyaka
2435:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2420:
2412:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2284:
2281:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2250:Upasni Maharaj
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2076:Vedanta Desika
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1996:Samarth Ramdas
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1946:Purandara Dasa
1943:
1938:
1933:
1931:Nimbarkacharya
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1851:Jayanta Bhatta
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1381:Raksha Bandhan
1378:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1263:Simantonnayana
1260:
1255:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:Carnatic music
1209:
1204:
1199:
1197:Bhagavata Mela
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:Kundalini yoga
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
937:
936:
930:
927:
924:
923:
920:
919:
916:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
884:
883:
878:
875:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
778:
777:
774:
771:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
704:
699:
694:
688:
687:
684:
681:
680:
675:
670:
665:
659:
658:
652:
651:
646:
643:
642:
637:
632:
626:
625:
620:
617:
616:
611:
606:
601:
595:
594:
591:Stages of life
589:
586:
585:
580:
575:
570:
564:
563:
558:
555:
554:
552:God and gender
549:
544:
538:
537:
534:
531:
530:
525:
520:
519:
518:
513:
502:
501:
496:
493:
492:
487:
485:Gross elements
482:
477:
472:
466:
465:
462:
459:
458:
453:
447:
446:
443:
440:
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
360:
359:
353:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
296:
295:
286:
285:
275:
272:
271:
266:
261:
255:
254:
249:
246:
245:
240:
235:
229:
228:
223:
220:
215:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
199:
196:
195:
190:
185:
180:
174:
173:
170:
167:
162:
161:
158:
157:
154:
153:
148:
143:
141:Itihasa-Purana
132:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
87:
84:
83:
80:
79:
78:
77:
72:
64:
63:
55:
54:
48:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4525:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4455:9788121511353
4452:
4448:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4435:
4431:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4413:
4411:0-89389-090-1
4407:
4402:
4401:
4394:
4390:
4388:1-56589-745-5
4384:
4380:
4375:
4372:
4368:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4298:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4277:
4274:
4271:, 33(1): 1–22
4270:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4226:
4223:, pages 13–21
4222:
4218:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4189:
4184:
4182:81-7022-598-1
4178:
4174:
4167:
4164:
4159:
4157:81-85119-18-X
4153:
4149:
4148:
4140:
4137:
4134:
4133:81-208-0434-1
4130:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4084:
4081:
4070:
4064:
4060:
4059:
4051:
4048:
4044:
4043:0-415-21527-7
4040:
4036:
4030:
4027:
4024:Rama, p. 467.
4021:
4018:
4013:
4007:
4003:
3996:
3993:
3988:
3981:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3854:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3800:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3703:
3697:
3694:
3690:
3685:
3683:(or anytime)
3680:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3651:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3633:Hindu wedding
3631:
3627:
3624:social life.
3623:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3526:
3525:Dharmashastra
3521:
3517:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3491:Asrama system
3490:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3476:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3431:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3412:
3407:
3405:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3284:Hindu culture
3282:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3250:
3249:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3236:Organisations
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2960:Yoga Vasistha
2957:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2925:Natya Shastra
2922:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2862:Brahma Sutras
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2808:Sthapatyaveda
2805:
2803:
2802:
2801:Gandharvaveda
2798:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2762:Varaha Purana
2759:
2757:
2756:
2755:Skanda Purana
2752:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2692:Brahma Purana
2689:
2687:
2686:
2685:Garuda Purana
2682:
2680:
2679:
2678:Matsya Purana
2675:
2673:
2672:
2671:Vāmana Purana
2668:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2643:Vishnu Purana
2640:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2587:Bhagavad Gita
2584:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:Radhakrishnan
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2150:Narayana Guru
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2130:Jaggi Vasudev
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Chinmayananda
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1981:Ramprasad Sen
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1831:Gorakshanatha
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1771:Allama Prabhu
1769:
1767:
1766:Akka Mahadevi
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1756:Abhinavagupta
1754:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1705:Prashastapada
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1614:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1565:Other schools
1563:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1541:Shuddhadvaita
1538:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1222:Kalaripayattu
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1157:Bharatanatyam
1155:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1036:Nritta-Nritya
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
938:
933:
929:
928:
922:
921:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
885:
881:
877:
876:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
773:
772:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
689:
683:
682:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
660:
657:
654:
653:
649:
645:
644:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
623:
619:
618:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
596:
592:
588:
587:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
539:
533:
532:
529:
526:
524:
521:
517:
514:
512:
509:
508:
507:
504:
503:
499:
495:
494:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
467:
461:
460:
457:
454:
452:
449:
448:
442:
441:
438:
433:
432:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
361:
358:
355:
354:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
294:
292:
288:
287:
283:
279:
274:
273:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
256:
252:
248:
247:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
230:
226:
222:
221:
218:
213:
212:
204:
203:
198:
197:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
175:
169:
168:
165:
160:
159:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
138:
137:
136:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
96:
93:
92:
90:
82:
81:
76:
73:
71:
68:
67:
66:
65:
61:
57:
56:
53:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4446:
4429:
4399:
4378:
4370:
4363:
4313:
4297:
4284:, Springer,
4281:
4276:
4268:
4263:
4245:
4228:
4191:
4172:
4166:
4146:
4139:
4123:
4103:
4088:
4083:
4072:, retrieved
4057:
4050:
4034:
4029:
4020:
4001:
3995:
3986:
3980:
3929:
3808:Brahmacharya
3772:
3762:
3758:
3757:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3734:
3707:
3693:Brahmacharya
3692:
3672:
3640:
3625:
3608:
3586:
3567:Brahmacharya
3566:
3556:Brahmacharya
3554:
3546:Description
3543:Age (years)
3531:Dharmasutras
3529:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3497:Brahmacharya
3496:
3494:
3482:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3459:
3453:
3447:
3443:Brahmacharya
3441:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3343: /
3339: /
3335: /
3331: /
3329:and Buddhism
3327: /
3291:Architecture
3254:Other topics
3192:
3175:
3147:Four varnas:
3146:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2932:Panchatantra
2930:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2883:Nyāya Sūtras
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2841:Artha Śastra
2839:
2832:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2748:Kūrma Purana
2746:
2741:Linga Purana
2739:
2734:Shiva Purana
2732:
2725:
2720:Padma Purana
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2618:
2611:
2596:s (Hinduism)
2593:
2585:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2506:Atharvaveda:
2505:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2370:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2220:Shraddhanand
2195:Ravi Shankar
2175:R. D. Ranade
2036:Śyāma Śastri
2031:Swaminarayan
1991:Rupa Goswami
1901:Morya Gosavi
1861:Jiva Goswami
1761:Adi Shankara
1587:Pratyabhijña
1553:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1318:Samavartanam
1298:Vidyāraṃbhaṃ
1283:Annaprashana
1207:Dandiya Raas
1182:Mohiniyattam
1075:Nididhyāsana
880:Epistemology
812:Brahmacharya
692:Ātman (self)
655:
599:Brahmacharya
590:
528:Saccidānanda
480:Panchikarana
356:
289:
280: /
276:Other major
200:
134:
133:
88:
36:
3838:Vanaprastha
3828:Purushartha
3737:Purushartha
3714:Purushartha
3642:Vanaprastha
3601:Samavartana
3505:Vanaprastha
3499:(student),
3484:Purushartha
3477:concept in
3455:Vanaprastha
3446:(student),
3337:and Judaism
3333:and Sikhism
3301:Iconography
3226:Nationalism
3219:Persecution
3003:Shiva Stuti
2897:Yoga Sutras
2727:Agni Purana
2629:Other texts
2620:Mahabharata
2363:Atharvaveda
2260:Vivekananda
2185:Rama Tirtha
2180:Ramakrishna
2155:Nigamananda
2145:Mahesh Yogi
2021:Sripadaraja
2011:Siddheshwar
1906:Mukundarāja
1886:Madhusūdana
1876:Kanaka Dasa
1796:Chakradhara
1740:Yajnavalkya
1730:Vishvamitra
1599:Pancharatra
1497:Vaisheshika
1453:Ratha Yatra
1401:Janmashtami
1396:Rama Navami
1313:Ritushuddhi
1288:Chudakarana
1278:Nishkramana
1248:Garbhadhana
1217:Pandav Lila
1126:Bhakti yoga
1011:Prāyaścitta
782:Niti śastra
630:Bhakti yoga
609:Vānaprastha
424:Vishvakarma
357:Post-Vedic:
193:Vaishnavism
135:Traditional
4497:Categories
4240:, page 346
4045:, page 231
3635:at entry.
3599:at entry.
3177:Varna-less
3049:Tiruppukal
3010:Vayu Stuti
2974:Panchadasi
2967:Swara yoga
2855:Kama Sutra
2794:Dhanurveda
2454:Taittiriya
2432:Yajurveda:
2424:Kaushitaki
2401:Upanishads
2393:Upanishads
2317:Scriptures
2165:Prabhupada
2081:Vidyaranya
1966:Ram Charan
1941:Prabhākara
1856:Jayatīrtha
1806:Dadu Dayal
1801:Chāngadeva
1660:Bharadwaja
1650:Ashtavakra
1416:Kumbh Mela
1364:Durga Puja
1293:Karnavedha
1273:Nāmakaraṇa
1202:Yakshagana
1131:Karma yoga
1121:Jnana yoga
1116:Hatha yoga
1053:Meditation
1026:Tirthadana
807:Aparigraha
663:Paramātman
648:Liberation
640:Karma yoga
635:Jnana yoga
364:Dattatreya
164:Traditions
89:Historical
4463:466428084
4348:466428084
3903:, page 28
3877:466428084
3855:Citations
3813:Grihastha
3767:Kamasutra
3751:aided by
3626:Grihastha
3610:Grihastha
3603:at exit.
3597:Upanayana
3563:Birth–25
3351:Criticism
3345:and Islam
3306:Mythology
3159:Kshatriya
3091:Athichudi
3028:Tirumurai
2946:Tirumurai
2555:Vyākaraṇa
2491:Chandogya
2483:Samaveda:
2371:Divisions
2349:Yajurveda
2309:Ātmatuṣṭi
2265:Yogananda
2240:Trailanga
2235:Sivananda
2100:Aurobindo
2086:Vyasaraja
2051:Tyagaraja
2001:Sankardev
1971:Ramananda
1866:Jñāneśvar
1841:Harivansh
1826:Gaudapada
1786:Chaitanya
1725:Vashistha
1695:Patanjali
1675:Jamadagni
1594:Vaishnava
1582:Pashupata
1359:Navaratri
1336:Festivals
1303:Upanayana
1268:Jatakarma
1253:Pumsavana
1172:Kuchipudi
1167:Kathakali
1136:Rāja yoga
1070:Samādhāna
951:Prarthana
925:Practices
852:Svādhyāya
456:Mythology
451:Cosmology
444:Worldview
389:Kartikeya
320:Prajapati
259:Saraswati
4503:Ashramas
4489:– ISKCON
4445:(1993),
4428:(1993),
4306:Archived
4112:Archived
3957:Archived
3922:Archived
3833:Sannyasa
3818:Hinduism
3801:See also
3793:—
3741:Sannyasa
3674:Sannyasa
3583:dakshina
3571:celibacy
3509:Sannyasa
3501:Gṛhastha
3479:Hinduism
3461:Sannyasa
3449:Gṛhastha
3430:Sanskrit
3364:Glossary
3296:Calendar
3231:Hindutva
3154:Brahmana
2825:samhitas
2817:Shastras
2787:Ayurveda
2778:Upavedas
2613:Ramayana
2604:Itihasas
2570:Jyotisha
2537:Vedangas
2521:Mandukya
2417:Aitareya
2409:Rigveda:
2388:Aranyaka
2383:Brahmana
2356:Samaveda
2071:Valluvar
2066:Vallabha
2046:Tulsidas
1976:Ramanuja
1926:Nayanars
1911:Namadeva
1748:Medieval
1690:Kashyapa
1606:Charvaka
1577:Kapalika
1441:Puthandu
1431:Vaisakhi
1328:Antyesti
1308:Keshanta
1232:Adimurai
1227:Silambam
1192:Sattriya
1177:Manipuri
862:Mitahara
842:Santosha
802:Achourya
614:Sannyasa
604:Gṛhastha
463:Ontology
437:Concepts
225:Trimurti
188:Smartism
183:Shaktism
178:Shaivism
52:Hinduism
44:a series
42:Part of
4322:2377977
4074:12 July
3938:2377977
3823:Niyamas
3745:Sannyas
3622:dharmic
3575:Gurukul
3369:Outline
3164:Vaishya
3132:Society
2983:Stotras
2634:Puranas
2560:Nirukta
2550:Chandas
2545:Shiksha
2528:Prashna
2514:Mundaka
2378:Samhita
2342:Rigveda
2205:Samarth
2041:Tukaram
1986:Ravidas
1720:Valmiki
1670:Jaimini
1640:Angiras
1635:Agastya
1627:Ancient
1513:Advaita
1507:Vedanta
1502:Mīmāṃsā
1482:Samkhya
1369:Ramlila
1111:Sādhanā
1001:Tarpana
986:Kīrtana
981:Bhajana
932:Worship
857:Shaucha
832:Akrodha
678:Saṃsāra
542:Ishvara
511:Nirguna
506:Brahman
470:Tattvas
394:Krishna
379:Hanuman
374:Ganesha
310:Chandra
305:Ashvins
269:Parvati
264:Lakshmi
251:Tridevi
217:Deities
124:Śramaṇa
104:History
85:Origins
75:History
4461:
4453:
4436:
4408:
4385:
4346:
4320:
4288:
4254:
4236:
4219:
4199:
4179:
4154:
4131:
4095:
4065:
4041:
4008:
3936:
3899:
3875:
3788:moksha
3784:dharma
3763:Moksha
3759:Dharma
3753:Dharma
3749:Moksha
3730:Moksha
3718:Dharma
3710:Dharma
3689:moksha
3663:Moksha
3649:50–75
3617:25–50
3591:Dharma
3518:, the
3474:Dharma
3469:Asrama
3425:Āśrama
3169:Shudra
2987:stutis
2823:, and
2821:sutras
2475:Maitri
2200:Ramdas
2093:Modern
2026:Surdas
1891:Madhva
1811:Eknath
1781:Basava
1776:Alvars
1710:Raikva
1700:Pāṇini
1685:Kapila
1680:Kanada
1665:Gotama
1572:Shaiva
1520:Dvaita
1421:Pongal
1344:Diwali
1323:Vivaha
1187:Odissi
1162:Kathak
1101:Yogini
1065:Dhyana
1016:Tirtha
971:Bhakti
961:Temple
956:Śrauta
837:Arjava
797:Ahimsa
792:Niyama
775:Ethics
583:Moksha
568:Dharma
516:Saguna
414:Shakti
399:Kubera
345:Varuna
325:Pushan
238:Vishnu
233:Brahma
70:Hindus
32:Ashram
4318:JSTOR
3934:JSTOR
3848:Yamas
3776:artha
3722:Artha
3655:Artha
3438:Hindu
3434:आश्रम
3186:Dalit
3139:Varna
3056:Kural
2594:Agama
2565:Kalpa
2461:Katha
2333:Vedas
2304:Ācāra
2299:Smṛti
2294:Śruti
2278:Texts
1871:Kabir
1735:Vyasa
1645:Aruni
1492:Nyaya
1446:Vishu
1426:Ugadi
1106:Asana
1091:Sadhu
1060:Tapas
1031:Matha
1021:Yatra
1006:Vrata
991:Yajna
966:Murti
847:Tapas
822:Damah
817:Satya
787:Yamas
673:Karma
573:Artha
490:Guṇas
404:Radha
369:Durga
340:Ushas
335:Surya
330:Rudra
315:Indra
291:Vedic
282:Devis
278:Devas
243:Shiva
4459:OCLC
4451:ISBN
4434:ISBN
4406:ISBN
4383:ISBN
4344:OCLC
4286:ISBN
4252:ISBN
4234:ISBN
4217:ISBN
4197:ISBN
4177:ISBN
4152:ISBN
4129:ISBN
4093:ISBN
4076:2013
4063:ISBN
4039:ISBN
4006:ISBN
3897:ISBN
3873:OCLC
3786:and
3780:kama
3726:Kama
3659:Kama
3657:and
3587:guru
3579:Guru
3467:The
3200:Jāti
2985:and
2498:Kena
2447:Isha
1655:Atri
1487:Yoga
1436:Bihu
1406:Onam
1349:Holi
1149:Arts
1096:Yogi
1083:Yoga
1046:Sevā
1041:Dāna
996:Homa
976:Japa
946:Ārtī
941:Puja
867:Dāna
827:Dayā
685:Mind
668:Maya
578:Kama
419:Sita
409:Rama
384:Kali
350:Vayu
300:Agni
202:List
3681:75+
535:God
4499::
4457:,
4432:,
4329:^
4312:,
4208:^
3968:^
3945:^
3928:,
3908:^
3884:^
3862:^
3755:.
3432::
2819:,
523:Om
46:on
4414:.
4391:.
4324:.
4185:.
4160:.
4014:.
3940:.
3790:.
3774:(
3428:(
3410:e
3403:t
3396:v
3179::
293::
34:.
20:)
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