451:
158:
599:. After the Western Roman Empire fell, gold became scarce and Scandinavians began to make objects of gilded bronze, with decorative figures of interlacing animals. During the early Germanic Iron Age, decorations tended to be representational; the animal figures were drawn in more basic forms. In the later Germanic Iron Age, artistic styles became more abstract, symbolic, and intricate, including figures with interlaced shapes and limbs.
440:
2163:
36:
398:
575:
The
Germanic Iron Age is divided into the Early Germanic Iron Age (EGIA) and the Late Germanic Iron Age (LGIA). It is particularly for Sweden that the late Germanic iron age spanning between 550â800 is called the Vendel era. In Norway and Finland it is more common to refer to the period as the
696:
Some of the riches were probably acquired through the control of mining districts and the production of iron. The rulers had troops of mounted elite warriors with costly armour. Grave goods of these mounted warriors include stirrups and saddle ornaments of birds of prey in gilded bronze with
567:, and accounts from some southern European writers. Earlier Swedish historians tried to make use of these to create a coherent history, but this effort has largely been abandoned, and the period is now mostly studied by archaeologists.
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912:
854:
426:
2202:
2192:
1073:
2120:
2212:
2138:
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Several areas with rich burial gifts, indicative of high status or royalty, have been found, including well-preserved boat inhumation graves at
839:
444:
1000:
343:
863:
845:
294:
337:
331:
228:
209:
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1219:
1039:
1025:
814:
119:
843:
197:
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1181:
920:
584:
849:
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2143:
1351:
419:
288:
278:
850:
2133:
1401:
1206:
1066:
57:
53:
941:
Bruce-Mitford, Rupert (1974). Aspects of Anglo-Saxon
Archaeology: Sutton Hoo and Other Discoveries. London: Victor Gollancz.
100:
450:
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362:
72:
1282:
2148:
1161:
388:
282:
79:
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137:
851:
2207:
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1346:
1253:
1246:
1224:
1059:
300:
783:
1386:
1371:
1186:
1171:
86:
842:
841:
995:
Newton, Sam (2004). The
Origins of Beowulf: And the Pre-Viking Kingdom of East Anglia. Boydell & Brewer.
852:
517:, tiny embossed gold foil images, and elaborate helmets with embossed decoration similar to the one found at
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During the period, Swedish expeditions began to explore the waterways of territories which later became
503:. Unlike the preceding and succeeding eras, the Vendel Period left very few precious metal artifacts or
553:
1292:
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2128:
1341:
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838:
1511:
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1302:
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closely resembles helmets found in Gamla
Uppsala, Vendel and ValsgÀrde, sharing elements such as
504:
465:
172:
817:. They probably did not have any major role but could have been described by English sources as
782:
also describes legendary tales about the
Swedish Vendel times, including great wars called the
1287:
1138:
1113:
1035:
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996:
731:
146:
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The upheaval in Europe appears to have lessened somewhat due to the gradual cessation of the
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1082:
951:
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549:
488:
473:
454:
93:
1319:
1297:
1241:
1211:
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The
Scandinavians from the Vendel Period to the Tenth Century: An Ethnographic Perspective
709:
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as well as the
Byzantine reconquest of the Italian peninsula with the capitulation of the
615:
596:
563:. Other written sources are few and hard to interpret: a few Icelandic sagas, the tale of
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157:
1993:
1777:
1441:
1128:
771:
439:
253:
234:
2181:
1854:
1752:
1715:
1675:
1541:
1270:
1229:
690:
537:
402:
259:
1446:
1436:
1419:
1236:
705:
670:
666:
635:
508:
203:
686:
665:
was probably the centre of religious and political life. It had both a well-known
458:
754:
Mounted elite warriors are mentioned in the work of the 6th century Goth scholar
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royals some of them could be historical. Geats could have been a part of the
724:
639:
634:) may be seen in context of what has been described as the Vendel period. The
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17:
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2008:
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717:
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and the rise of the Gothic kingdoms in Europe, later replaced by the
525:
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767:
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establishing the
Merovingan dynasty as "Kings of the Franks" (since
580:
Age, while the Danish refer to it as the
Younger Germanic Iron Age.
1051:
1983:
1968:
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1933:
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952:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem"
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449:
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1700:
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544:, virtually simultaneously over the whole of Scandinavia. Some
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wrote that Adils had the best horses of his days. The epic of
651:
631:
627:
495:. The name is taken from the rich boat inhumation cemetery at
29:
708:
style are located in the western grave. Three Middle
Eastern
766:
is always described as fighting on horseback (both against
758:, who wrote that the Swedes had the best horses beside the
762:. They also echo much later in the sagas, where king
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elite had extensive contacts with the Swedish elite.
661:, in what today is the east-central part of Sweden,
2119:
1400:
1362:
1152:
1106:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2198:Early medieval archaeological cultures of Europe
630:), the completion of the Byzantine reconquest (
809:possibly independently mentioning some of the
511:on copper-alloy objects. It is also known for
1067:
971:The Journal of English and Germanic Philology
540:writing system was abandoned in favor of the
420:
8:
1046:Lejonet, draken och korset. Sverige 500â1000
723:Games were popular, as is shown in finds of
1098:origin primarily identified as speakers of
693:. These were used for several generations.
583:The late Germanic Iron Age begins with the
1074:
1060:
1052:
427:
413:
131:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Period of Swedish prehistory (540â790 AD)
2139:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England
885:
387:
145:
134:
445:Swedish Museum of National Antiquities
7:
716:have also been found, together with
58:adding citations to reliable sources
507:. Instead, it is extremely rich in
742:foil decoration, showing that the
25:
2203:Archaeological cultures in Sweden
2193:Archaeological cultures of Europe
825:might be related to the house of
815:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain
2162:
2161:
864:Battle on the Ice of Lake VĂ€nern
585:fall of the Western Roman Empire
396:
156:
34:
2144:Christianization of Scandinavia
548:survive, most notably those at
45:needs additional citations for
2213:Archaeology of Northern Europe
2134:Christianization of the Franks
1207:Continental Germanic mythology
1034:. Norstedts. Stockholm: 2009.
1:
786:between the Swedish house of
720:clothes made of gold thread.
557:
481:
363:History of the Jews in Sweden
1016:Jesch, Judith (ed.) (2012).
919:(in Swedish). Archived from
727:, including pawns and dice.
443:The Vendel I helmet, at the
2149:Christianization of Iceland
1032:Sveriges historia: 600â1350
833:Timeline of Swedish history
2239:
901:Harrison (2009), pp. 21-23
821:. The Wulfling dynasty in
378:Economic history of Sweden
373:Military history of Sweden
2157:
1089:
965:SchĂŒtte, Gudmund (1912).
2223:1st millennium in Europe
1387:North Germanic languages
1372:Germanic parent language
1392:West Germanic languages
1382:East Germanic languages
1377:Proto-Germanic language
1197:Proto-Germanic folklore
1134:Romano-Germanic culture
1020:, Boydell Press, 2012.
917:Arkeologi Gamla Uppsala
338:Second half of Cold War
967:"The Geats of Beowulf"
892:Harrison (2009), p. 68
606:. Emperor Justinian's
487:) appears between the
477:
461:
447:
368:LGBT history in Sweden
1202:Anglo-Saxon mythology
1092:Ethnolinguistic group
1048:. Enskede: TBP, 2002.
700:Chess pieces made of
453:
442:
2218:Prehistory of Sweden
784:Swedish-Geatish wars
712:and buttons made of
610:with the Shahanshah
229:Emerging Great Power
54:improve this article
2129:Gothic Christianity
697:encrusted garnets.
608:Eternal Peace (532)
1512:Germani cisrhenani
1220:Funerary practices
1124:Pre-Roman Iron Age
1100:Germanic languages
923:on 2 December 2021
505:runic inscriptions
466:Swedish prehistory
462:
448:
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1347:Gothic and Vandal
1139:Germanic Iron Age
1114:Nordic Bronze Age
1096:Northern European
1044:Hyenstrand, Ă
ke.
1001:978-0-85991-472-7
811:Swedish legendary
732:Sutton Hoo helmet
485: 540â790 AD
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403:Sweden portal
295:Industrialization
260:Age of Absolutism
175:(12000 BCâ800 AD)
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16:(Redirected from
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2121:Christianization
1711:Ripuarian Franks
1083:Germanic peoples
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776:Snorri Sturluson
689:, and tumuli at
638:have united the
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455:Vendel era sword
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542:Younger Futhark
499:parish church,
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69:"Vendel Period"
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1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
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1778:Thracian Goths
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1129:Roman Iron Age
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977:(4): 574â602.
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597:Avar Khaganate
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1753:Crimean Goths
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43:This article
41:
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1447:Anglo-Saxons
1437:Adrabaecampi
1420:Bucinobantes
1162:Architecture
1045:
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925:. Retrieved
921:the original
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739:
736:boar imagery
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671:Royal Mounds
667:sacred grove
656:
636:Merovingians
601:
582:
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556:, both from
523:
521:in England.
512:
469:
463:
326:World War II
279:Constitution
204:Kalmar Union
116:
107:
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64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1887:Nahanarvali
1810:Hilleviones
1723:Frisiavones
1591:Cananefates
1581:Burgundians
1492:Banochaemae
1342:Anglo-Saxon
1293:Anglo-Saxon
1259:Anglo-Saxon
1242:Anglo-Saxon
1225:Anglo-Saxon
913:"VÀsthögen"
911:VÀsthögen.
869:Ship burial
807:Norse sagas
772:HrĂłlf Kraki
760:Thuringians
744:Anglo-Saxon
663:Old Uppsala
604:Gothic Wars
578:Merovingian
478:Vendeltiden
340:(1967â1991)
334:(1945â1967)
328:(1939â1945)
322:(1918â1939)
303:(1914â1918)
301:World War I
297:(1866â1914)
291:(1814â1905)
285:(1809â1866)
262:(1772â1809)
256:(1718â1772)
237:(1648â1718)
231:(1611â1648)
223:Great Power
212:(1521â1611)
206:(1397â1521)
200:(1050â1397)
198:Middle Ages
167:Prehistoric
147:History of
2182:Categories
2106:Vinoviloth
1894:Marcomanni
1877:Helveconae
1855:HeaĂ°obards
1825:Istvaeones
1815:Ingaevones
1800:Hermunduri
1768:Ostrogoths
1758:Greuthungi
1636:Chattuarii
1462:Angrivarii
1457:Ampsivarii
1425:Lentienses
1254:Literature
1144:Viking Age
880:References
874:Stone ship
740:pressblech
725:tafl games
669:and great
571:Background
561: 800
546:runestones
519:Sutton Hoo
514:guldgubbar
509:animal art
493:Viking Age
181:(800â1050)
179:Viking Age
173:Prehistory
80:newspapers
18:Vendel era
2101:Vidivarii
2096:Victohali
2086:Vangiones
2019:Thuringii
1924:Nuithones
1820:Irminones
1783:Visigoths
1773:Thervingi
1733:Gambrivii
1686:Dulgubnii
1681:Dauciones
1631:Chasuarii
1571:Brondings
1497:Bastarnae
1487:Baiuvarii
1467:Armalausi
1430:Raetovari
1364:Languages
1332:Symbology
1192:Folklore
1187:Festivals
927:6 January
827:Wuffingas
794:house of
788:Scylfling
687:ValsgÀrde
612:Khosrau I
459:ValsgÀrde
2167:Category
2074:Hasdingi
2059:Usipetes
2039:Tubantes
2024:Toxandri
2004:Tencteri
1979:Suarines
1964:Sicambri
1959:Semnones
1939:Reudigni
1909:Mattiaci
1899:Marsacii
1850:Lombards
1840:Lacringi
1835:Juthungi
1666:Corconti
1651:Cherusci
1626:Charudes
1606:Chaedini
1576:Bructeri
1561:Bateinoi
1532:Eburones
1527:Condrusi
1522:Caeroesi
1517:Atuatuci
1452:Ambrones
1415:Brisgavi
1410:Alemanni
1288:Paganism
1177:Clothing
1172:Calendar
1119:Germania
983:27700194
858:See also
823:Geatland
796:Wulfling
790:and the
756:Jordanes
718:Frankish
642:and the
624:Po river
595:and the
593:Lombards
554:Sparlösa
491:and the
389:Timeline
138:a series
136:Part of
2091:Varisci
2079:Silingi
2069:Vandals
2044:Tulingi
2034:Triboci
2029:Treveri
2009:Teutons
1999:Taifals
1974:Sitones
1914:Nemetes
1872:Helisii
1845:Lemovii
1763:Gutones
1696:Firaesi
1691:Favonae
1671:Cugerni
1661:Cobandi
1616:Chamavi
1611:Chaemae
1601:Casuari
1596:Caritni
1566:Betasii
1537:Paemani
1472:Auiones
1337:Warfare
1315:Scripts
1283:Numbers
1107:History
1011:Sources
803:Beowulf
801:Due to
792:Geatish
780:Beowulf
704:in the
659:Uppland
565:Beowulf
534:Belarus
532:, and
530:Ukraine
501:Uppland
474:Swedish
357:Topical
94:scholar
2111:Warini
2064:Vagoth
2049:Tungri
2014:Thelir
1994:Swedes
1989:Sunici
1954:Saxons
1949:Rugini
1882:Manimi
1867:Diduni
1805:Heruli
1743:Gepids
1728:Frisii
1706:Franks
1656:Cimbri
1646:Chauci
1641:Chatti
1554:Nervii
1549:Morini
1507:Belgae
1502:Batavi
1477:Avarpi
1442:Angles
1402:Groups
1352:Viking
1298:Gothic
1276:Gothic
1182:Family
1038:
1024:
999:
981:
710:cameos
683:Vendel
648:Franks
646:. The
644:Belgae
591:, the
589:Franks
536:. The
526:Russia
497:Vendel
468:, the
314:Modern
149:Sweden
140:on the
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1984:Suebi
1969:Sciri
1944:Rugii
1934:Quadi
1919:Njars
1904:Marsi
1862:Lugii
1830:Jutes
1795:Harii
1790:Gutes
1748:Goths
1738:Geats
1676:Danes
1621:Chali
1542:Segni
1482:Baemi
1325:Runes
1310:Rings
1303:Norse
1271:Names
1264:Norse
1247:Norse
1230:Norse
979:JSTOR
819:Jutes
764:Adils
706:Roman
702:ivory
620:Goths
457:from
283:Union
101:JSTOR
87:books
2054:Ubii
1701:Fosi
1586:Buri
1036:ISBN
1022:ISBN
997:ISBN
929:2021
805:and
770:and
738:and
730:The
714:gold
685:and
616:Iran
552:and
281:and
73:news
1929:Osi
1237:Law
1167:Art
1094:of
774:).
768:Ăli
657:In
654:).
652:509
632:562
628:555
614:of
550:Rök
464:In
56:by
2184::
975:11
973:.
969:.
915:.
829:.
798:.
673:.
558:c.
528:,
482:c.
480:;
476::
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98:·
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