1782:
Castel
Vecchio were put in a grave situation; many of the soldiers escaped via the scaligero bridge. There was also an attempt to reconquer the Hill of Saint Leonardo . The gunpowder and ammunition for their weapons were becoming scarce, and their rations insufficient for the population because the city had filled up with volunteers and soldiers. The senate sent a letter in which they instructed the city to yield, as had been decided by authorities meeting in Verona. During the meeting, they concluded that the city could not be successfully reinforced, and that preparations for surrender should begin: the heads of the military took to the streets and instructed that combat should be stopped: Many Venetian officials and those of influence in the Venetian Office went throughout every district in Verona proclaiming a truce and exhorted all of the inhabitants to desist from acts of hostility. They united the best of the citizens to their side to calm the populace. Their advice was not given in vain and the multitudes were persuaded by the voices of reason and necessity: you pay if you don't abandon your defensive posts, keep yourselves calm, and no longer put forth cannon fire or gunshots. This was how the battle ended, the most part of which had entered the walls at the twenty-first hour Italian the morning of April 17 lasted without interruption until near the twenty-first hour of the morning of the 23rd. From clamour of battle and activity there came a deep silence, a {nesto} repose, an {ferale} immobility.
980:, the successor to Baraguay d'Hilliers, but there were too few Jacobin locals. Napoleon reminded the general that the democratisation should appear to be the will of the people – the general, therefore, whilst keeping Ottolini otherwise occupied, summoned representatives of the citizen-body to secede from Venice's rule. These representatives protested but were obliged to assent. Ottolini had in the meantime recalled some military companies from the provinces, and the French used this action as a pretext for occupying the city. Bergamo thus officially became the first city in the Veneto removed from Venice's rule, and Ottolini was forced to give up the city. In the meantime, Napoleon set off to march on
1226:
neutrality. Bonaparte sent a spy to Verona, Angelo Pico, who rendezvoused with about 300 Jacobins there, to put a conspiracy into effect. This, however, was uncovered by the secret police, and on 11 April some patrols (uniquely taking action in broad daylight) arrested them in the street and at home, even if Pico and other leaders of the plot succeeded in evading capture by taking refuge in Verona's fortifications (then in French hands). Giovanelli went to protest deeply, but was not even given a reply, and the French commander
Balland supplied ammunition and ordered the town's castelli to be fortified. Contarini, worried, sent off an urgent letter to the Senate and to the Doge.
904:
1636:, but Augusto VeritĂ responded by bombarding the clock tower with Austrian artillery, succeeding in hitting it, knocking off the cannon and forcing the French to evacuate it. Some of the French on the castle walls were also hit by cannon fire. Shortly before a new assault on the castle a band of French soldiers came out with a white flag as if under truce. Captain Rubbi advanced towards them to negotiate, but the French party then unmasked a cannon and began to fire it, killing Rubbi's soldiers and 30 Veronese. This unleashed all hell around the castello, whilst the timings of the revolt were rung out from
1586:
1459:, and before their departure ordered the troops not to participate in the battle. Hence, on 18 April, Giovannelli and Contarini, according to the plan they had put forward in the meeting, would be directed to Venice, to ask the Senate for help. The order was carried out, at first, by Nogarola, Berettini and Allegri, while Antonio Maria Perez continued military operations. In the meantime the population continued to raid any buildings holding (or believed to hold) French soldiers, systematically killing them, while the streets of the town
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1597:, Emilei made preparations to get to Venice to contact the Senate, while in Verona Maffei and other military leaders sought to organise the army and the populace, since provveditore Bartolomeo Giuliari alone was unable to bear the gravity of the situation. The French cannon in castello di San Felice and castello di San Pietro opened fire again almost as soon as the truce expired, and quick French sorties (sent out from them with the aim of taking the pressure off Castel Vecchio) were quickly repulsed.
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objections. Battaia urged caution, but conte Emilei noted that passive resistance had already lost them
Brescia, and that Verona's citizens were ready to take up arms against the Jacobin Lombards. Battaia, realising that many of those present were of Emilei's opinion, changed his mind and so it was unanimously decided to provide for the defence of Verona's borders, nominally against the local Jacobins but in effect also to prevent Napoleon's own force returning into Italy.
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to bombarding the city, causing several fires and adding to the damage already caused by the French raids: in one short sortie they had started fires in the surrounding palaces of the town's noble families, destroying several works of art. During another sortie, from Castel
Vecchio, the French succeeded in setting light to palazzo Liorsi and palazzo Perez, though on their return all but five of the French soldiers were killed by the rioters.
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842:: the enraged population succeeded in defeating more than a thousand French soldiers in the first hour of fighting, forcing them to take refuge in the town's fortifications, which the mob then captured by force. The revolt ended on 25 April 1797 with the encirclement and capture of the town by 15,000 soldiers, who then forced it to pay a huge fine and hand over various assets, including artwork.
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1012:. In this case, despite the town already being partially under French control, the democratisation would have to be conducted (or at least appear to be conducted) by the local Jacobins, given that at Bergamo French involvement in the process had been too obvious. On 16 March, a column of soldiers (partly French, partly local Jacobins) left for Brescia. Its podestĂ ,
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and produce a constitution for a provisional regency, which then put itself in contact with general
Balland, stipulating a three-hour truce elsewhere even if the battle around Castel Vecchio continued. Meanwhile, some citizens succeeded in carrying artillery pieces up onto the colle San Leonardo, higher than both the surrounding hills (
957:'s request to billet French troops inside the city, since without soldiers they could not have resisted the French force and since (due to Venetian neutrality) the city could not consent to an attack. The French general, however, did not lower the flags of San Marco, given that this city too was officially under Venetian control.
1301:, and Battaia was at that time in Venice not Verona. The Venetian representatives had all copies taken down, and replaced them with a new manifesto denying the former one and urging the population to remain calm, but now the revolt had already been primed, and in the afternoon diverse brawls were already breaking out.
1451:. Balland paused the bombardment (even if battle continued around Castel Vecchio, it having been isolated from the castelli on the hills and was thus unable to gain information on the course of events). Negotiations thus began, which Balland wanted to prolong to give more time for French reinforcements to arrive.
1695:, while the population rejoiced, thinking he was bringing aid to Verona: thus the rebels lost their precious support from Austrian troops. Between intermittent truces, Verona was systematically bombarded from the strongholds and its population continued to fight around the strongholds and attempt to capture them.
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In the afternoon
Neipperg and his soldiers left Verona, given that the truce between France and Austria was only due to last a week. In compensation he warned the population that if they resisted him while the truce was still in force he would return to help them. Meanwhile, a French scouting party
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Battle thus continued, in particular at Castel
Vecchio, where the cannon had been given over to the inexpert hands of the Veronese citizens and so were not doing any more major damage. Meanwhile, from the colle San Leonardo, the bombardment of the strongholds continued, and the strongholds had turned
1304:
The French soldiers for their part tried to provoke the crowd, around 2 pm arresting a
Venetian artilleryman, while at the same time a brawl broke out in a tavern in via Cappello between a Frenchman and a Croatian. The Frenchman came off worse and fled back to his own patrol, which protested loudly.
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The
Veronese managed to counter the incursions of the French patrols and endure the bombardment of the city, but could not resist the siege of 15,000 soldiers. Therefore, on April 23 they decided to surrender and sent Balland a message that called a truce of 24 hours. The commander granted a respite
1273:
During the night between 16 and 17 April 1797, a manifesto was pinned up in the town's streets, apparently signed by
Francesco Battaia and inciting Verona to rebel against the French and local collaborators with them. The manifesto was actually the work of Salvadori, on Landrieux's instructions, in
1255:
French troops were welcomed into Castelnuovo, since neutrality was still technically in force. When, however, some Venetian troops went into church, leaving their weapons outside, the French requisitioned these weapons, thus once again breaching the neutrality. It was then that Maffei received the
1200:
Maffei had decided to march on Brescia, but was convinced out of it by Battaia, for (according to Battaia) France could use such an action as a pretext for declaring war on Venice. With the support of Iseppo Giovannelli e Alvise Contarini (the Venetian government representatives in the city), Maffei
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and Verona by the end of the year : these cities were technically under Venetian domination, and thus the foundations were laid for the events of the following year. The French troops arrived in Verona on 1 June 1796, occupying the military strong-points and billeting troops in other buildings
1600:
The news of the flight by the two provveditori irritated the populace, who continued to fight in an uncoordinated manner, whilst several peasants and mountain-dwellers arrived from Contado, some of whom were armed. Giuliari ordered the commanders to give weapons to those from Contado who had none,
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agreed with Balland's decision, and informed the Venetian senate that French troops would not intervene and that he was hurt by how much success they had had at Bergamo and Brescia. Balland's response to the letter aroused Verona's inhabitants to great enthusiasm for defending their own territory.
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The substance of the letter was a request for authorisation to defend Verona's boundaries against aggressors, which the French general was forced to consent to, since if he did not the only way they could officialice their arrival would be through Venice's authority over her territories. Bonaparte
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and Alessandro Ottolini). During the council, Maffei, Ottolini and Emilei tried to convince the other members of the importance of reconquering the territory they had lost and that at that moment this was the most important thing for the defence of the Veronese nation, against the Jacobin members'
1373:
The townspeople raged against the French troops who had vanished throughout the town and from their guard-points of the bridges. Numerous soldiers had been killed or captured, while those messengers who were fleeing went to hide in their companions' lodgings and the entrances were barricaded, but
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and left for Brescia, along the way attacking the rebelling villages and forcing them to fund his expedition. Meanwhile, at Brescia general Landrieux threatened Maffei with a bombardment of Verona if he did not leave the field and so, after two short clashes between French and Venetian troops on 8
1731:
After this useless attempt at mediation, Contarini and Giovannelli organized the people, who shouted "we want war" and were prepared to defend the town to the bitter end, as shown by a proclamation in which they affirmed that "through removing confusion and disorder, fatal to the good of all, the
1073:
La Nazione Veronese, in data 20 marzo 1797, per bocca dei legittimi rappresentanti i corpi della stessa, rappresenta al Cittadino Comandante le truppe francesi in questa che attrovandosi pienamente felice sotto il paterno ed amoroso Veneto Governo, non può che raccomandarsi alla magnanimità della
1781:
On the morning of April 22, the French brought firearms to the entrance to San Zeno with the intention of forcing entry, but were stopped by gunfire from citizens stationed intermittently along the walls of the city, forcing the French once again to retreat. Meanwhile, the Frenchmen inside the
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representatives were persuaded by Erizzo to return and resume negotiations with Balland: the general replied that he and his men would have left the town if the population had been disarmed but that, after the episode at Castel Vecchio, he could believe no one, not even the two representatives.
1719:
with his 900 infantry and 250 cavalry, so as not to be cut off by the French advance guard: arriving at Sommacampagna left his command to Ferro and returned to Verona in search of orders. The same day Emilei arrived back from Venice, without the help they had hoped for, while at Vicenza the two
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and Salò encouraged the territories of the Venetian Republic, but on the same day came news that the French were attacked the insurgents who had surrounded Bergamo, and the following day that two battles had occurred – one had been won by the French, and the other by the insurgents, with the
1019:
Two days later 200 men entered Brescia and, with the aid of Brescian Jacobins, put down what little resistance was offered. Their first act after gaining the city was to hunt down Battaia, who had fled to Verona. Although lacking the support of the population, with French help the Jacobins
1225:
Napoleon (then marching towards Austria) was convinced that the last forces of the Venetian Republic had concentrated in the stronghold at Verona. In effect, although the recent events showed that Venice had taken the initiative taken back from the French, Venice continued to proclaim its
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Meanwhile, conte Augusto VeritĂ had returned to Verona. Always enjoying good relations with the French, he proposed to get an assurance of French neutrality before the Veronese forces clashed with the Jacobins. Writing to the commander of the French troops at Verona, general
1643:
Many peasant volunteers began arriving from the countryside, armed with pitchforks, bastoni and small-arms. Of their resolution, Alberghini writes that "it appeared on the faces of all the desire to die for the Fatherland and of themselves to risk all. The peasants of
1447:, the Venetian government representatives in the town, thought they could even now turn Verona back to its former Venetian neutrality, and so tried to make a compromise with the French military authorities, interrupting the sound of bells and hoisting a white flag atop
1732:
faithful people of Verona remain committed to withdraw into their respective Contrade . There they will assign leaders, obedient to you, and be united in one body and the same leaders will obey the cariche's orders and always give themselves towards the common good".
1355:, whilst the Venetian troops were dismayed, not knowing what they were allowed to do after their commanders' had reminded them for months of the importance of Venetian neutrality. Meanwhile, the Veronese began firing from neighbouring palaces, injuring some soldiers.
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The relations between the population and the Venetian departments on one side, and the French troops on the other, was difficult from the start, for the French troops behaved more as occupiers than guests. Bergamo, in contrast, resisted the French invasion.
1332:. This French action was caused by the commanders' safety and ability to monitor the revolt easily, feeling it would be a useful pretext to occupy the town officially. Verona's citizens were at that moment entering the church, and were overcome with anger.
1624:, on which wooden scaffolds were installed. Shortly afterwards the people were replaced there by Austrian soldiers, clearly more expert in this field. In the meantime other mortars taken from the enemy were used to besiege the castello, while from
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The provveditore Battaia arrived at Verona on 22 March, and immediately called a meeting of the council, which included several other military leaders (the conte Pompei, Ernesto Bevilacqua, Antonio Maffei, Marcantonio Miniscalchi, Ignazio Giusti,
960:
The next phase of Napoleon's plan assumed that the region's democratisation would lead to the administration passing into the hands of the Jacobin Lombards, who would then create a republic (comprising the territories as far as Verona, or even
1170:, not far from the little town of Garda, but they lacked ammunition and had to quickly retreat into Salò itself. A second encounter saw a victory by the inhabitants of Salò, thanks to an attack on the three sides of the mountain range of the
1752:, occupied by a French hospital, a column of armed peasants headed towards the city heard a few rifle shots coming from inside the hospital - enraged, the peasants beat down its doors and massacred the six French soldiers they found inside.
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After ten months of French occupation the situation had now also reached a critical point within the town: the French soldiers often confiscated the citizens' assets and plotted with the local Jacobins to replace the local government.
1739:
Re-enactors of the Austrian troops who were freed from the French prison by the rioters and subsequently took part in the revolt. The Venetic artillerymen are in red and white, and those of the Guardia Nobile Veronese in blue and
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of the 13th century. Incited by oppressive behaviour by the French (confiscating the assets of Verona's citizens and plotting to overthrow the city's local government), it began on the morning of 17 April 1797, the second day of
182:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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973:, hesitating to follow up his actions with force, replied that Ottolini should double-check if this information was true. Thanks to a spy, Ottolini quickly confirmed Napoleon's intentions, but still Battaia did nothing.
1454:
The negotiations failed and the Venetian governors then sought in vain to calm down the populace. Fearful of how the situation would develop, in the meeting between 17 and 18 April the governors decided to withdraw to
1305:
It was then that the people took up arms en masse, and in the turmoil between the people and the soldiers came a rifle shot left which put the French to flight. Shortly after another brawl exploded in a tavern on
1789:
Of the three thousand French soldiers garrisoned, five hundred were left dead, and approximately one thousand wounded; five hundred soldiers and nineteen hundred members of their families had been captured.
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approached porta San Zeno, which withdrew immediately when fired on by cannon mounted on the city walls. In the same instant, however, they met the column of soldiers under Maffei which was guarding the
1609:), and were thus easily able to fire down on the strong points on these hills. Some soldiers were shortly afterwards detached to support the townsfolk on the hill, and to defend the hills themselves.
1244:, to protect them from attack from behind. On 15 April the stronghold of Peschiera del Garda, in Veronese territory, formally became a French possession. In the meanwhile 400 Poles marched towards
895:
These revolts were primarily against French domination Jacobin-inspired French political ideology, opposed as such ideology was to prevailing opinions fundamental to Italian society in that period.
1385:, a few kilometres from Verona, and on hearing of the revolt rapidly marched back to Verona with his troops. On the morning of the 17th the French had doubled their guards on the town gates, but
1904:
were militias of regular infantry raised in Istria and Dalmatia, above all from the Slavic part of the population. They were mainly used for garrisoning and defending Venice and its surrounding
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were breaking out. On 29 March the whole Bergamasque mountainous zone rose in revolt, in such great numbers that its leaders decided to march on Bergamo. Around the same time the population of
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Nazione Francese, onde nelle attuali circostanze sia preservata nella sua presente costituzione, dal quale sincero e costante sentimento ritirar giammai non la potrĂ che la forza.
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coming from Brescia also joined his force, as well as 40 Croatian cavalrymen and 2 cannons coming from Verona. On 27 March he decided to send off a scouting party, whilst at
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1113:, and Maffei to Valeggio. From Valeggio Maffei could see that the enemy troops were still not in sight, and was thus had time to put his own troops in better order. 24
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also rose up. 1,000 men – Lombard Jacobins, Polish soldiers and French soldiers – that had gathered at Brescia were invited to Salò. These men met the insurgents at
1995:
Under the Venetian Republic, the Nation's boundaries held various peoples, united by dialects, history and traditions, but not necessarily by an administration.
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1424:, the townsfolk rushed through the streets, killing, wounding and capturing several Frenchmen. One of the rebellion's first acts was to release several
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F. M. Agnoli. I processi delle Pasque veronesi: gli insorti veronesi davanti al tribunale militare rivoluzionario francese. Rimini, Il Cerchio, 2002.
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had set out from Brescia – the officials and troops rushed to take up their positions. Miniscalchi went to Colà , a small village above the hills of
1765:
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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The Veronese people were the main mover in the Pasque Veronesi, carrying out attacks on their own initiative, sometimes supported by Venetic troops
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the townspeople got into these lodgings and even onto their roofs, even as the bombardment of the town from the surrounding strong points and from
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1401:, 600 other troops and 2 cannon, which he divided into 4 corps, posted in different locations in and outside the town: one corps was put outside
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Detail, showing the flag of the Venetian Republic and the blue and yellow flag of Verona, hoisted in memory of the start of the Pasque Veronesi
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In the late afternoon Emilei, who had just taken porta Nuova, decided to leave for Veneice to seek help from the Venetian army. In contrast
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insurgency movement which arose throughout the Italian peninsula from 1796 to 1814 – other important episodes included the campaigns of the
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hunted down local Jacobins, clearing the road to Salò for the dragoons, who thus reached Salò after capturing several fleeing Jacobins.
1016:, wished to attack this hostile column but was stopped from doing so by Battaia, who was still worried about the eventual use of force.
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had a clear road down which to advance but had orders to stop 10 miles short of Brescia – the troops would march to the top of the
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insurgents nevertheless having to retreat into the mountains and surrender, thus demonstrating the French army had the upper hand.
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and a patriot who had raised 10,000 men for the defence of the Bergamasca Nation, at the end of December had to accept general
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1309:, while some people who had previously been kept in check by officers of the Venetian army attacked the guards to the bridges
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The forgery could easily have been unmasked – the manifesto had already been published in March in some newspapers, like the
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The principal objective became the capture of Castel Vecchio, to which end the people transported two artillery pieces from
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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Initially the military leaders were instructed to defend Verona's borders with practically no men, although the
921:, and in effect French troops, initially welcomed on the assumption that their stay would be brief, had reached
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I. Menin. Breve storico compendio della Guerra d'Italia dell'anno 1796–1797. Verona, Biblioteca civica, 1997.
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rose up, urged to resistance by Battaia, who assured them by letter that he would send them munitions and 80
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News of the Veronese troop movements arrived at the Bermagascene valleys, where several anti-French revolts
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R. M. Frigo. Le Pasque veronesi nella relazione, inedita, di un generale napoleonico. Verona, Fiorini, 1980.
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965:) allied to France. When secret information of this reached Ottolini, he immediately informed Venice's
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The townspeople were calming down when, around 5 pm, on the orders of general Balland, the cannons of
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and Ponte Nuovo. The French commanders then directed troops into the town, and stationed 600 men in
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F. M. Agnoli. Le Pasque veronesi: quando Verona insorse contro Napoleone. Rimini, Il Cerchio, 1998.
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Contarini and Giovanelli on 6 April sent Nogarola to the defence of Verona's eastern borders, near
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Uniform and weapons of the Polish troops in French service, who met the insurgents on 29 March at
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2206:'Memories concerning the insurrection of Verona ' Memorie concernenti l'insurrezione di Verona
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where Bevilacqua was positioned, and on the road for Vicenza was posted Giambattista Allegri.
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R. Fasanari. Le Pasque veronesi in una relazione inedita. Verona, Linotipia Veronese, 1951.
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conte Augusto VeritĂ arrived at the head of 200 Austrian prisoners. The French trapped in
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but not advance on the city, with themselves and the insurgents blockading it on 3 sides.
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was easily captured by Coldogno and (with a little more effort) Nogarola managed to take
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Action was immediately taken: Miniscalchi was put in command of the long defence-line at
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order to leave the Mincio, given the considerable risk of being picked off from behind.
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Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850, 1852
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flag and forcing the Jacobins to flee the city. A short time later the inhabitants of
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A. Maffei. Dalle Pasque Veronesi alla pace di Campoformido. Rimini, Il Cerchio, 2005.
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heard nothing but a continuous scream in every corner of the town of "Viva San Marco!"
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Napoleon's objective, even as early as spring 1796, was the conquest of rich Venetian
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1150:. The letter roused the population's enthusiasm, and they succeeded in raising the
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E. Fancelli. L'ussero di Napoleone o le pasque veronesi. Firenze, G. Nerbini, 1931.
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The Pasque Veronesi were the most important episode in a vast anti-French and anti-
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Battaia, as he had promised, sent off 80 dragoons on 30 March. In the meantime
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E. Santi. Le Pasque Veronesi. Ronco all'Adige, Comune di Ronco all'Adige, 1997.
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1212:(Irish in origin, but then serving in the French army) gathered 7,000 men at
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A. Zorzi. La Repubblica del Leone. Storia di Venezia. Milano, Rusconi, 1979.
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La Vandea Italiana. Le insorgenze controrivoluzionarie dalle origini al 1814
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troops in Venetian service, regiment of whom retook Verona from the French.
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In the meantime came news of the French's suppression of the rebellions at
2283:
G. Bacigalupo. Le Pasque Veronesi: sonetti. Bologna, Libr. Beltrami, 1914.
2280:
E. Bevilacqua. Le Pasque Veronesi. Verona, Remigio Cabianca Libraio, 1897.
1676:
line: Verona's borders were thus all guarded and – for the moment – calm.
1274:
order to supply a pretext for the French to definitively occupy the town.
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was able to offer 6,000 men, and many volunteers arrived, especially from
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arrived in the city with a band of soldiers, and informed Balland of the
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1397:
from outside the city and was able to enter with 2,500 volunteers of the
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failed: news of the uprising in the Bergamasque and Brescian valleys, at
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succeeded in democratising the countryside and (on 28 March) the town of
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285:
2301:
F. Bonafini. Verona 1797: il furore di una cittĂ . Verona, Morelli, 1997.
1704:
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carried a cannon up to the top of the clock tower and began to bombard
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1501: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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829:(the French supreme commander in the Italian campaign) was fighting in
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
1640:, which the French unsuccessfully tried to demolish with cannon fire.
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On 23 March news reached Verona that 500 Jacobin soldiers headed for
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317:
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Memorie di V. Alberti, presenti nella biblioteca civica di Verona.
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from the north. In the meantime conte Miniscalchi controlled the
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1797 rebellion against French forces during the invasion of Venice
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C. Botta. Storia d'Italia: dal 1789 al 1814. Pisa, 1824. p. 264
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70:
29:
1948:
Le Pasque veronesi: quando Verona insorse contro Napoleone
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On 19 April Bevilacqua was defeated by French troops at
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succeeded in attacking and capturing the church next to
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1813:
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and 9 April, Maffei decided to retreat towards Verona.
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Re-enactors of Venetian troops in the piazza delle Erbe
1343:), whilst Venetian soldiers found themselves near the
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The next step would have to be the democratisation of
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On the 18th, with the governors already set out for
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The work of democratising Bergamao was initiated by
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171:
a machine-translated version of the Italian article.
1428:troops from their prisons to join with the rebels.
1381:At this moment Francesco Emilei was encamped near
1061:, with Maffei positioned between these two lines.
296:,) during a re-enactment of the Pasque Veronesi.
1071:
817:and the surrounding areas revolted against the
256:
1926:The Middle Sea: A History of the Mediterranean
1335:The first episode of the uprising occurred in
200:accompanying your translation by providing an
162:Click for important translation instructions.
149:expand this article with text translated from
97:Final two content sections are entirely blank.
1405:to block the French escape, and another near
796:
462:
8:
2242:Memorie della Rivoluzione di Verona nel 1797
2078:
2076:
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1328:opened fire, and numerous shots landed in
469:
455:
447:
253:
2406:Battles of the War of the First Coalition
1991:
1989:
1987:
1711:, leaving only Maffei outside Verona, at
1561:Learn how and when to remove this message
1281:Site of the start of the Pasque Veronesi.
242:Learn how and when to remove this message
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2104:(1981, Centro Rinascita, Verona), p. 385
1357:
930:already having declared its neutrality.
2276:211° Anniversario delle Pasquale Verona
1893:
1727:Assault on Castelvecchio, early 19th c.
2190:
2188:
1963:(1995, Effedieffe, Milano) pp. 304–306
1707:, whilst Miniscalchi was blockaded at
1687:Bonaparte had negotiated between the
1668:defence-line, Bevilacqua the line at
1188:In the meantime a Veronese attack on
1053:, and Bevilacqua of the line between
7:
1499:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
1652:, while the mountain-dwellers of
1028:The Veronese revolts and campaign
813:of 1797, in which inhabitants of
292:troops (in red jackets and black
212:{{Translated|it|Pasque Veronesi}}
45:This article has multiple issues.
1950:(1998, Il Cerchio, Rimini) p. 13
1840:
1801:
1768:were still marching for Verona.
1475:
1221:The final days before the revolt
868:, succeeded in reconquering the
376:
369:
359:
274:
264:French campaign of 1797 in Italy
136:
75:
34:
1486:needs additional citations for
324:; now in the Italian region of
53:or discuss these issues on the
2386:Fall of the Republic of Venice
2070:F. M. Agnoli 1998, pp. 123–125
1786:until noon the following day.
1324:(the French headquarters) and
852:Fall of the Republic of Venice
642:Fall of the Republic of Venice
342:Fall of the Republic of Venice
268:Fall of the Republic of Venice
210:You may also add the template
1:
2221:Url consultato il 14-01-2008.
1928:(London: Vintage, 2007), 417.
1878:Devotion of Verona to Venezia
1715:, who decided to withdraw to
809:) was a rebellion during the
308:17 April 1797 – 25 April 1797
2219:Tratto da conserv-azione.org
2135:Tratto da conserv-azione.org
2049:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 106
1362:Uniform and weapons of the
1347:(around 500) and under the
1121:1,500 volunteers gathered.
95:. The specific problem is:
2432:
2416:Military history of Veneto
2381:Military history of Verona
1681:Adam Adalbert von Neipperg
1317:to monitor the situation.
1004:Democratization of Brescia
988:, ultimately ending up in
938:Democratization of Bergamo
912:Napoleon crossing the Alps
849:
174:Machine translation, like
2173:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 172
2164:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 175
2146:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 162
2122:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 153
2113:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 148
2091:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 143
2082:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 138
2058:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 117
2040:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 101
955:Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers
495:
487:French Revolutionary Wars
420:
387:
353:
300:
273:
261:
151:the corresponding article
2391:Battles involving France
2137:Url accessed 14-01-2008.
2031:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 94
2022:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 90
2013:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 85
2004:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 83
1981:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 81
1972:F. M. Agnoli 1998, p. 19
1750:lazzaretto di Sanmicheli
1264:Chronology of the revolt
1014:Giovanni Alvise Mocenigo
978:François Joseph Lefebvre
284:(in blue and yellow and
2401:18th-century rebellions
2396:Battles involving Italy
2254:G. Solinas 1981, p. 386
2182:G. Solinas 1981, p. 388
2155:G. Solinas 1981, p. 387
1210:Charles Edward Kilmaine
862:Armata della Santa Fede
821:occupying forces under
221:For more guidance, see
1849:This section is empty.
1810:This section is empty.
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1119:Castelnuovo del Garda
1055:Villafranca di Verona
1035:
906:
872:, the actions of the
428:15,000 reinforcements
223:Knowledge:Translation
194:copyright attribution
1883:Domini di Terraferma
1620:and the roof of the
1495:improve this article
1057:and the border with
888:'s victories in the
102:improve this article
91:to meet Knowledge's
2357:45.4333°N 10.9833°E
2353: /
2267:"Pâques véronaises"
1922:John Julius Norwich
1295:Termometro Politico
1289:Plaque on the site.
1107:Povegliano Veronese
1099:Valeggio sul Mincio
1095:Peschiera del Garda
984:via the defiles of
943:Alessandro Ottolini
536:Montenotte Campaign
2194:to the seventeenth
1742:
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1672:, and Allegri the
1638:torre dei Lamberti
1626:Bassano del Grappa
1622:teatro Filarmonico
1614:bastione di Spagna
1591:
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1579:torre dei Lamberti
1449:torre dei Lamberti
1441:Iseppo Giovannelli
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1330:piazza dei Signori
1299:Monitore Bolognese
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1152:Leone di San Marco
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928:Republic of Venice
915:
827:Napoleon Bonaparte
322:Republic of Venice
202:interlanguage link
1869:
1868:
1830:
1829:
1794:End of the revolt
1662:castel San Pietro
1571:
1570:
1563:
1545:
1510:"Veronese Easter"
1420:, pitchforks and
1391:porta San Giorgio
1326:Castel San Pietro
1322:castel San Felice
1307:Piazza delle Erbe
1242:Isola della Scala
971:Francesco Battaia
870:kingdom of Naples
864:which, guided by
807:Pâques véronaises
780:
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480:Italian Campaigns
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410:Francesco Battaia
401:General Landrieux
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84:This article may
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1658:forte San Felice
1603:colle San Pietro
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1445:Alvise Contarini
1341:palazzo Barbieri
1109:, Bevilacqua to
1043:Francesco Emilei
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734:Marengo campaign
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1910:Stato da MĂ r
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1493:Please help
1488:verification
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1349:Gran Guardia
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431:600 Veronesi
354:Belligerents
336:
262:Part of the
238:
198:edit summary
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100:Please help
96:
85:
61:
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48:
47:Please help
44:
2360: /
2240:Maffei, A.
2204:Maffei, A.
2100:G Solinas,
1762:Santa Lucia
1646:Vallagarina
1416:, pistols,
1412:Armed with
1403:porta Nuova
1378:continued.
696:2nd Marengo
679:1st Marengo
592:2nd Bassano
587:1st Bassano
572:Castiglione
515:2nd Saorgio
500:1st Saorgio
104:if you can.
2375:Categories
2348:10°59′00″E
2345:45°26′00″N
1860:April 2013
1821:April 2013
1666:lake Garda
1607:Torricelle
1551:April 2015
1521:newspapers
1366:oltamarini
1364:Dalmatian
1315:piazza Bra
1172:val Sabbia
1168:Villanuova
1130:Villanuova
874:Viva Maria
850:See also:
755:Montebello
701:2nd Mantua
674:Bassignana
617:1st Mantua
435:Dalmatians
413:Col. Medin
153:in Italian
50:improve it
1902:Schiavoni
1748:Near the
1709:Bardolino
1656:attacked
1383:Lugagnano
1190:Desenzano
1183:Bedizzole
1179:Calcinato
1160:Toscolano
986:Carinthia
750:Chiusella
745:Fort Bard
627:Valvasone
577:Peschiera
562:Borghetto
290:Schiavoni
286:tricornes
280:Verona's
216:talk page
56:talk page
1908:and the
1872:See also
1760:line at
1713:Valeggio
1699:19 April
1691:and the
1654:Lessinia
1605:and the
1467:18 April
1426:Austrian
1297:and the
1269:17 April
1208:General
1148:dragoons
919:Lombardy
876:band in
825:, while
728:3rd Novi
718:2nd Novi
602:Caldiero
597:Calliano
582:Rovereto
542:2nd Dego
520:1st Dego
421:Strength
313:Location
266:and the
192:provide
86:require
2261:Sources
1833:Results
1766:Miollis
1740:yellow.
1705:Legnago
1670:Legnago
1595:Vicenza
1535:scholar
1457:Vicenza
1399:cernide
1246:Legnago
1156:Maderno
1132:, near
1084:cernide
1059:Ferrara
1010:Brescia
998:Austria
951:Bergamo
947:podestĂ
923:Brescia
899:Prelude
882:Liguria
878:Tuscany
858:Jacobin
846:Context
831:Austria
789:Italian
767:Pozzolo
761:Marengo
690:Trebbia
669:Cassano
664:Brescia
659:Magnano
510:Epierre
505:MĂ©ribel
484:of the
214:to the
196:in the
155:.
88:cleanup
2332:
2322:
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1906:Dogado
1758:Chievo
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1508:
1422:staffs
1418:sabres
1414:rifles
1345:Liston
1231:Lonato
1203:Mincio
1194:Lonato
1164:Teglie
1103:Lazise
994:treaty
990:Leoben
982:Vienna
963:Padova
884:, and
840:Easter
819:French
815:Verona
803:French
723:Genola
684:Modena
654:Verona
637:Tarvis
622:Faenza
612:Rivoli
607:Arcole
567:Lonato
552:Fombio
440:Milita
333:Result
326:Veneto
318:Verona
288:) and
1889:Notes
1542:JSTOR
1528:books
1250:Cerea
1214:Milan
1115:fanti
1111:Cerea
1051:Garda
1022:Crema
996:with
740:Genoa
632:Tyrol
530:Loano
438:2500
176:DeepL
2330:ISBN
2320:ISBN
2309:ISBN
1900:The
1660:and
1577:The
1514:news
1443:and
1235:Salò
1233:and
1181:and
1162:and
1144:Salò
1134:Salò
880:and
783:The
713:Gavi
707:Novi
557:Lodi
547:Ceva
433:550
305:Date
294:fezs
190:must
188:You
169:View
1855:.
1816:.
1616:to
1497:by
1097:or
949:of
178:or
2377::
2187:^
2127:^
2075:^
2063:^
1986:^
1924:,
1463:.
1409:.
1237:.
1158:,
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945:,
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805::
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1539:·
1532:·
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787:(
470:e
463:t
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239:(
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123:)
117:(
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62:(
20:)
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