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146:"The Detski Dom was funded partly by the State partly by the share in profits from Freud's publications in Russian, partly by international support from a German Trade Union. In 1923, 18 educators were busy with 12 children from 2 to 4 years old. According to the unpublished Charter of the Kindergarten written by Ermakov, "the major part of the children are children of the Party executives who give all their time to their work and are not able to rear their children (Ermakov Archive). In fact, it was an elite institution supported by the officials to keep their children in hard times. Luria recalled orally that among these children was the son of Stalin (Vasilii, born in 1921)."
183:. Discussions focused mainly on psychoanalysis and the organization of the collective educational system. Following their visit, the Russian Psychoanalytic Association, became an associate member of the International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA) in 1924 and later in 1927, Vera Schmidt became its secretary. In this year also, her book Psychoanalytical Education in Soviet Russia was published in Germany at Leipzig by the International Psychoanalytical Publishing House. This book was based on her experiences and observations in the Detski Dom and it was cited extensively by Wilhelm Reich.
130:(August 7, 1859 - July 7, 1926). This was the former home of Stepan Ryabushinsky a rich merchant and chair of the stock exchange who left Russia after the revolution. Although Ivan Ermakov, president of the Psychoanalytic Society and Institute, was nominally in charge of the home, it was run by Vera Schmidt assisted initially by fifty-one staff members, among whom was Mosche Wulff and the prominent psychoanalyst,
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Due to the German Trade union's financial support, the home also became known as the
Solidarity International Laboratory Home. When that support ended, financial problems, together with internal dissension weakened the organisation of the Detski Dom which also came under external pressure as the
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Vera
Schmidt's own son, Vladimir, whose nickname was Wolik, also attended the Detski Dom and she recorded his, as well as the other children's activities, in journal. These were used as data regarding children's development by other Soviet psychologists such as Luria. The Detski Dom was virtually
102:, who, after the revolution, at only nineteen, was a leader of the Kazan Psychoanalytical Circle, and Mosche Wulff (Moshe Woolf) (1878-1971) who had promoted psychoanalysis during the pre-revolutionary "Silver Age". The President of the Society was
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A historian of the psychoanalytical movement in the early years of the Soviet Union described how the home was funded. He also indicated the elite familial background of the children who attended it. Later, that Party elite came to be known as the
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unique in its principles and practices and above all in its psychoanalytic approach. It was visited by several western
Marxist psychoanalysts like Anna Mänchen-Helfen (1902-1991) and Annie Reich (1902-1971) together with her husband,
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In 1930, after the
Russian Psychoanalytical Society was dissolved she worked at the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences Experimental Institute of Defectology. The research carried out there was under the direction of
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On August 14, 1925, the
Narkompros (Ministry of Public Education) closed the home and the building was later to become Gorky's home and later, the Gorky Museum. In an ironic turn of events, Stalin's son, Vasilii,
134:. She, along with Luria, joined the Russian Psychoanalytical Society in 1923 having formerly been a member of the Swiss Psychoanalytical Society and was one of only a few trained psychoanalysts in Soviet Russia.
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In early 1923 the
Schmidts went to Vienna, where they met Freud. They discussed with him the children's Home and the activities of the psychoanalytic movement in Russia. They also met other analysts, such as
114:. Otto Schmidt, in the meantime, became vice-president of the coordinating committee of the Moscow Psychoanalytic Society and the state-backed, Psychoanalytic Institute which was headed by Ermakov.
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in the original. A supporter of the revolution, Otto
Schmidt rose to positions of power and influence in the new Soviet regime becoming a member of a number of People's Commissariats including
126:) which opened in May 1921 in the center of Moscow and shared with the Psychoanalytic Institute the magnificent Art Nouveau building in Malaya Nikitskaya Street designed by
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Valkanova, Y. and K. J. Brehony (2006). "The 'Gifts' and 'Contributions'. Friedrich
Froebel and Russian education from 1850 to 1920." History of Education 35(2): 189–207.
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Brehony, K. J. (2006) Representations of
Socialist educational experiments in the 1920s and 1930s: The place of the Sciences of Education. Passion, fusion, tension.
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New
Education and Educational sciences - Education nouvelle et Sciences de l'éducation (end 19th-middle 20th century - fin 19e-milieu 20e siècle
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39:) was a Russian and later Soviet educationist and one of the leading figures in the psychoanalytic movement during the "Silver Age". After the
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Luriia, A. R. and L. S. Vygotsky (1992). "Ape, primitive man, and child: essays in the history of behavior". New York, Harvester Wheatsheaf.
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Edited by: Giuseppe Leo Prefaced by Alberto Angelini, Rita Corsa, Vlasta Polojaz Publisher: Edizioni Frenis Zero 248 pages, Year 2014,
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She attended the Kiev Women's Educational Institute for three years from 1913 to 1916 where she received training in the methods of
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who edited a nine-volume series of Freud's work in Russian. He later became known for his Freudian literary criticism of
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which was promoted by Aron Zalkind (1888–1936) a former adherent of psychoanalysis but now its leading critic.
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for Education) and he was also employed as the director of the State Publishing House (
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Dnevnik materi: pervij god jizni (Diary of a mother: the first year of life) (2009).
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since its foundation in 1929. Vera Schmidt died at the age of 48 years while being
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she directed a highly innovative nursery school run on psychoanalytic principles.
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Freud and the Bolsheviks: psychoanalysis in Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union
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Schmidt, Vera Federovna (1889-1937): International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis
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The sexual revolution: towards a self-governing character structure
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Vera Federovna Schmidt: Information and Much More from Answers.com
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Eros of the impossible: the history of psychoanalysis in Russia
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occupied the site of his former nursery after Gorky's death.
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psychoanalytic approach came under attack from supporters of
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who was to become a renowned scientist and Arctic explorer.
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237:SCRITTI SU PSICOANALISI INFANTILE ED EDUCAZIONE
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267:. Boulder, Colo. ; Oxford, Westview Press
74:(Narodnyi Komissariat Prosvescheniya, or the
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365:People from Volhynian Governorate
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