1082:
677:
704:
unrelated individuals, female competition exists for grooming members of high-ranking families, presumably to gain more access to resources. These observations suggest individual recognition is possible and enables discrimination of genetic relatedness and social status. Interactions between different groups are variable, ranging from highly aggressive to friendly. Furthermore, individuals seem to be able to recognise cross-group vocalisations, and identify from and to which monkey each call is intended, even if the call is made by a subadult male, which is likely to transfer groups. This suggests the members within a group are actively monitoring the activity of other groups, including the movement of individuals within a group.
655:; the males are larger in weight and body length and may be recognized by a turquoise-blue scrotum. Adult males weigh between 3.9 and 8.0 kg (8.6 and 17.6 lb), averaging 5.5 kg (12 lb), and have a body length between 420 and 600 mm (17 and 24 in), averaging 490 mm (19 in) from the top of the head to the base of the tail. Adult females weigh between 3.4 and 5.3 kg (7.5 and 11.7 lb) and average 4.1 kg (9.0 lb), and measure between 300 and 495 mm (11.8 and 19.5 in), averaging 426 mm (16.8 in).
1094:
1118:
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112:
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other adult female kin, not including their own mothers. Additional research has shown grandmothers show no preference over the sex of their grandchild. Interest in the grandchild spurred from the rank of the grandmother within a group. Higher-ranking grandmothers showed more interest in caring for their grandchildren when compared to low-ranking grandmothers. The presence of grandmothers has been associated with a decrease in mortality of infants.
1020:
42:
735:: leopards, eagles, pythons, and baboons. The sighting of each predator elicits an acoustically distinct alarm call. As infants, vervets learn to make the variety of calls from observation alone, without explicit tutelage. In experimentation with unreliable signalers, individuals became habituated to incorrect calls from a specific individual. Though the response was lessened for a specific predator, if an unreliable individual gives an
669:
761:
712:
87:
708:
Further, both males and females may redirect aggression towards individuals in which both had close relatives that were previously involved in a conflict. This suggests complex recognition not only of individuals, but also of associations between individuals. This does not suggest recognition of other's individual kinship bonds is possible, but rather that discrimination of social relationships does occur.
778:
in raising their own offspring. Juvenile females discriminate in preference for the infant they choose to allomother, and usually choose siblings or infants of high-ranking individuals. When a mother allows her juvenile daughter to become an allomother for a newborn sibling, the mother decreases her own investment in the infant, while increasing the chances of successful rearing of her immature daughter.
607:, riverine woodland, coastal forest, and mountains up to 4000 m (13,100 ft). They are adaptable and able to persist in secondary and/or highly fragmented vegetation, including cultivated areas, and sometimes are found living in both rural and urban environments. Annual home range size has been observed to be as high as 176 ha, with an average population density of 54.68 animals/km².
253:
303:. The five distinct subspecies can be found mostly throughout Southern Africa, as well as some of the eastern countries. These mostly herbivorous monkeys have black faces and grey body hair color, ranging in body length from about 40 cm (16 in) for females, to about 50 cm (20 in) for males.
777:
are responsible for the majority of allomothering. The benefit is mutual for the mother and allomother. Mothers that use allomothers are able to shorten their interbirth periods, the time between successive births. At the same time, allomothers gain experience in rearing infants, and had more success
793:
actions are extremely rare in the animal kingdom. Often, an indirect benefit is gained by the individual acting 'spitefully', or by a close relative of that individual. Vervet monkeys have been observed to destroy a competitor's food source rather than consume or steal it themselves. While energy is
752:
Siblings likely provide the prevailing social relationships during development. Within social groups, mother-offspring and sibling interactive units are distinct groups. The sibling interactions are heavily supportive and friendly, but do have some competition. Contests primarily involve postweaning
739:
for a different predator, group members respond as if the alarm caller is, in fact, reliable. This suggests vervet monkeys are able to recognize and to respond to not only the individual calling, but also to the semantics of what the individual is communicating. Vervet monkeys are thought to have up
703:
are found for each sex. Male hierarchies are determined by age, tenure in the group, fighting abilities, and allies, while female hierarchies are dependent on maternal social status. A large proportion of interactions occurs between individuals that are similarly ranked and closely related. Between
781:
Grandmothers and grandchildren share one-quarter of their genes, so they should be more likely to form affiliative relationships than unrelated members in a group. Not only do infants approach their grandmothers more often than unrelated members, but they also prefer their grandmothers compared to
691:
When males reach sexual maturity, they move to a neighboring group. Often, males move with a brother or peer, presumably for protection against aggression by males and females of the resident group. Groups that had previously transferred males show significantly less aggression upon the arrival of
768:
Allomothering is the process when another individual besides the mother cares for an infant. In groups of vervet monkeys, infants are the target of a tremendous amount of attention. Days after an infant is born, every member of the group inspects the infant at least once by touching or sniffing.
743:
Mothers can recognise their offspring by a scream alone. A juvenile scream elicits a reaction from all mothers, yet the juvenile's own mother has a shorter latency in looking in the direction of the scream, as well as an increased duration in her look. Further, mothers have been observed to help
707:
Within groups, aggression is directed primarily at individuals that are lower on the hierarchy. Once an individual is three years or older, it is considerably more likely to be involved in conflict. Conflict often arises when one group member shows aggression toward a close relative of another.
827:
The vervet monkey eats a primarily herbivorous diet, living mostly on wild fruits, flowers, leaves, seeds, and seed pods. In agricultural areas, vervets become problem animals, as they raid bean, pea, young tobacco, vegetable, fruit, and grain crops. Animal foods of their diet include
2129:
Moeyersons, J.; Vermeersch, P. M.; Beeckman, H.; Van Peer, P. (1999). "Holocene environmental changes in the Gebel Umm Hammad, Eastern Desert, Egypt: Dry cave deposits and their palaeoenvironmental significance during the last 115 ka, Sodmein Cave, Red Sea
Mountains, Egypt".
757:. The clarity of the familial and sibships within a group may act as a form of alliance, which would come at relatively low cost in regards to grooming. Other alliances are shown through conflict with aggressive individuals that have acted against a closely related sibling.
58:
753:
resource allocation by the common mother. For example, siblings have conflict over grooming time allocated by their mother. Offspring are usually not born in extremely close time proximity due to the interbirth period of the mother. This time can be reduced by use of an
740:
to 30 different alarm calls. In the wild, they have been seen giving a different call when seeing a human being approaching, leading researchers to believe that vervet monkeys may have a way of distinguishing between different land and flight predators.
1081:
744:
their offspring in conflict, yet rarely aid other juveniles. Other mothers evidently can determine to which mother the offspring belongs. Individuals have been observed to look towards the mother whose offspring is creating the scream.
306:
In addition to behavioral research on natural populations, vervet monkeys serve as a nonhuman primate model for understanding genetic and social behaviors of humans. They have been noted for having human-like characteristics, such as
1387:
Biodiversity occurrence data provided by: Field Museum of
Natural History, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of Washington Burke Museum, and University of Turku (Accessed through GBIF Data Portal, www.gbif.net,
1545:
1027:
The monkeys are used for biomedical research. Many people living in close proximity to vervet colonies see them as pests, as they steal their food. Heavy fines in some areas discourage the killing of vervet monkeys.
692:
another male. In almost every case, males migrate to adjacent groups. This obviously increases benefits in regard to distance traveled, but also reduces the amount of genetic variance, increasing the likelihood of
516:), and Lesotho; is said to have pale-colored limbs and white hands and feet (though the hands are also said to be black with a scattering of greyish hairs), and a greyish body colour with an olive sheen.
57:
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being lost on destroying the food, an advantage is obtained by the individual due to an increase in competitive gain. This would be pertinent for a male that could be displaced within his group by
676:
323:. Studies done on vervet monkeys involve their communication and alarm calls, specifically in regard to kin and group recognition, and particular predator sightings.
2268:
3520:
3710:
3615:
1558:
Long, J. L. (2003). Introduced
Mammals of the World: Their History, Distribution, and Influence. Csiro Publishing, Collingwood, Australia. ISBN 9780643099166
1500:
Meester, J. A. J., I. L. Rautenbach, N. J. Dippenaar, and C. M. Baker. 1986. Classification of southern
African mammals. Transvaal Museum Monographs 5:1–359
810:, thus elaborate social behaviors involving reproduction do not occur. Typically, a female gives birth once a year, between September and February, after a
3442:
3468:
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around 165 days. Usually, only one infant is born at a time, though twins can occur rarely. A normal infant weighs 300–400 grams (11–14 oz).
1093:
1066:; this fact is most noted for evidence of early contact between Egypt and Akrotiri. Excavations dated to the end of the 1st century AD from
2246:
2002:
2261:
1669:
Cheney, D. L.; Seyfarth, R. M. (September 1983). "Nonrandom dispersal in free-ranging vervet monkeys: social and genetic consequences".
3705:
1279:
533:
2066:
1577:
1454:
1416:
1337:
1175:
3670:
3494:
2107:
1800:
Seyfarth, R. M.; Cheney, D. L; Marler, P. (1980). "Vervet monkey alarm calls: semantic communication in a free-ranging primate".
316:
651:, having a black face with a white fringe of hair, while its overall hair color is mostly grizzled-grey. The species exhibits
3655:
3512:
2254:
1117:
1070:, a Roman-Egyptian port-town on the Red Sea coast, demonstrate that vervet monkeys must have been kept as pets at that time.
3473:
3700:
1837:
Cheney, D. L.; Seyfarth, R.M. (1988). "Assessment of meaning and the detection of unreliable signals by vervet monkeys".
1354:
1105:
3695:
3690:
3680:
3675:
3640:
3630:
546:; has pale feet and a yellowish back and the tail is darker (especially towards the tip) than in other southern vervets.
3665:
3635:
3507:
3403:
2836:
2827:
1055:
3590:
3368:
111:
1153:
319:. Vervets live in social groups ranging from 10 to 70 individuals, with males moving to other groups at the time of
3685:
3660:
3650:
3625:
3314:
1965:
1891:
1839:
1802:
1763:
3525:
3395:
3645:
2647:
2620:
2692:
1124:
3234:
2908:
2351:
2342:
1671:
885:
3330:
3048:
2434:
3408:
2552:
3559:
3188:
3039:
3007:
2944:
2701:
2493:
2416:
2080:
1067:
877:
377:
where their ranges meet, and thus deciding if the vervets commonly known to occur in Kenya are actually
226:
2755:
2683:
2674:
2656:
242:
2158:
2043:
3620:
3377:
3261:
2926:
2845:
1062:
there is evidence that the vervet monkey was known to the inhabitants of this settlement around 2000
965:
636:
386:
366:
1226:
3243:
2917:
2818:
2710:
2665:
2425:
1362:
901:
770:
700:
76:
2019:
1982:
1945:
1928:
1908:
1856:
1819:
1782:
1739:
1720:
1696:
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1248:
1005:
989:
981:
941:
933:
909:
628:
106:
3564:
3382:
2746:
2561:
2037:
Horrocks, J.; Hunte, W. (1981). "'Spite'; a constraint on optimal foraging in the vervet monkey
2000:
Fairbanks, L. A. (1988). "Vervet monkey grandmothers: interactions with infant grandoffspring".
1613:
Catalogue of primates in the
British Museum (Natural History) and elsewhere in the British Isles
3546:
3416:
3216:
2998:
2899:
2890:
2737:
2728:
2570:
2062:
1573:
1527:
1483:
1450:
1412:
1333:
1306:
1181:
1171:
1043:
973:
957:
949:
790:
652:
588:
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3486:
3122:
3022:
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2719:
2383:
2278:
2193:
2139:
2011:
1974:
1937:
1900:
1848:
1811:
1772:
1729:
1680:
1649:
1639:
1519:
1296:
1288:
1221:
1165:
893:
811:
620:
526:, Eswatini, and northern South Africa; is darker, with greyish-brown speckles and dark feet.
286:
193:
3585:
1963:
Fairbanks, L. A. (1990). "Reciprocal benefits of allomothering for female vervet monkeys".
1889:
Cheney, D. L.; Seyfarth, R. M. (1980). "Vocal recognition in free-ranging vervet monkeys".
1019:
394:
Colin Groves recognised the below five subspecies of vervet monkey in the third edition of
41:
3533:
2989:
2881:
2854:
2809:
2502:
2285:
925:
869:
853:
568:
381:
is difficult; animals in the same pack may be classified as one species or the other, and
320:
290:
1926:
Lee, P.C. (1987). "Sibships: cooperation and competition among immature vervet monkeys".
1611:
Napier, P.H., ed. (1981). "Part II: Family
Cercopithecidae, Subfamily Cercopithecinae".
668:
3294:
3252:
3225:
3207:
2971:
2935:
2872:
2611:
2392:
2332:
1301:
1274:
997:
760:
543:
2230:
2143:
2061:
Pooley, E. (1993). The
Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand and Transkei.
1978:
1904:
1852:
1815:
1777:
1758:
1203:
711:
3609:
3481:
3164:
3140:
3131:
3113:
2980:
2962:
2535:
1716:"Recognition of individuals within and between groups of free-ranging vervet monkeys"
1628:"Population ecology of vervet monkey in a high latitude, semi-arid riparian woodland"
1326:
1212:
1161:
1063:
837:
754:
592:
523:
513:
509:
454:
has a distinctly reddish-coloured back, which is darker towards the base of the tail.
96:
91:
67:
1986:
1949:
1912:
1860:
1823:
1786:
1700:
3421:
3149:
3104:
2863:
2602:
2475:
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2407:
2023:
1523:
1149:
720:
624:
584:
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501:
425:
308:
1626:
Pasternak, G.; Brown, L.; Kienzle, S.; Fuller, A.; Barrett, L.; Henzi, P. (2013).
1470:
Gippoliti, S. (December 2018). "The name of the East
African vervet monkey (genus
252:
3577:
847:
A list of some natural food plants and part of the plant eaten, in South Africa:
56:
3499:
3455:
3362:
2638:
2629:
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841:
829:
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350:
341:
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203:
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1449:(2nd ed.). Pretoria (South Africa): University of Pretoria. p. 771.
774:
736:
693:
616:
447:
354:
173:
17:
1531:
1487:
3429:
2782:
2520:
1878:(20th Anniversary ed.). London England: University of California press.
1185:
1059:
917:
596:
346:
123:
1734:
1715:
3538:
2198:
2181:
1546:"Scientist concerned about vervet monkeys missing from Dania Beach colony"
1310:
297:. The term "vervet" is also used to refer to all the members of the genus
3347:
3285:
2366:
2316:
2310:
2304:
732:
632:
576:
437:
429:
143:
1170:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 159.
615:
Vervet monkeys that are naturalised (introduced by humans) are found in
3447:
3072:
3063:
2792:
2015:
1941:
1743:
1692:
833:
604:
433:
312:
163:
1654:
1275:"Of monkeys and men: vervets and the genetics of human-like behaviors"
3460:
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3173:
3087:
2764:
2585:
2484:
2298:
1051:
807:
685:
451:
336:
294:
183:
153:
133:
3324:
844:
nests have been observed where the vervets eat the eggs and chicks.
3434:
1684:
1510:
McGuire, M. T. (June 1974). "The history of the St. Kitts vervet".
1292:
3572:
1039:
1018:
759:
710:
675:
667:
550:
These subspecies are no longer recognised and are synonymous with
411:
362:
1167:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
1032:
861:
3328:
2250:
1600:. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. pp. 389–411.
1197:
1195:
2182:"Pet cats at the Early Roman Red Sea port of Berenike, Egypt"
1273:
Palmour, R.; Mulligan, J.; Howbert, J. J.; Ervin, F. (1997).
478:
should be restricted to the population of southern
Ethiopia.
2215:
462:
for all East African vervets except the insular subspecies
769:
While all group members participate in infant caretaking,
699:
Females remain in their groups throughout life. Separate
1615:. London: British Museum (Natural History). p. 203.
1759:"The recognition of social alliances by vervet monkeys"
2081:"Germ warfare fear over African monkeys taken to Iran"
806:
Female vervets do not have external signs indicating
672:
A vervet monkey grooms another in Gaborone, Botswana
536:
of South Africa; is pale in colour (light ash-grey).
3337:
3274:
3186:
3162:
3085:
3061:
3020:
2790:
2781:
2583:
2533:
2447:
2405:
2364:
2340:
2331:
1325:
493:, was also formerly divided into four subspecies:
474:has been suggested to have precedence, and that
1227:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136271A17957823.en
331:The vervet monkey was previously classified as
595:, where it is replaced by the closely related
2262:
1447:The mammals of the southern African subregion
1445:Skinner, J.D. & Smithers, R.H.N. (1990).
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1353:de Jong, Y.; Butynski, T. (14 January 2015).
8:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
567:The vervet monkey ranges throughout much of
1570:Field Guide to the Larger Mammals of Africa
365:are distinguished by coat colour and other
3325:
2787:
2337:
2269:
2255:
2247:
1474:Gray, 1870) (Primates, Cercopithecidae)".
1383:
1381:
1379:
1099:Front view of the skull of a vervet monkey
639:, is home to about 40 introduced vervets.
251:
85:
54:
40:
31:
2197:
1776:
1733:
1653:
1643:
1300:
1249:"Vervet Monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus)"
1225:
1409:Pocket guide to southern African mammals
1087:Adult male vervet monkey in South Africa
647:The vervet monkey very much resembles a
369:characteristics. The characteristics of
1757:Cheney, D. L.; Seyfarth, R. M. (1986).
1714:Cheney, D. L.; Seyfarth, R. M. (1982).
1136:
1077:
2237:Computerized atlas of vervet brain MRI
2157:Michael Hogan, C. (13 December 2007).
1876:The behaviour guide to African mammals
1202:Butynski, T.M.; de Jong, Y.A. (2019).
1144:
1142:
1140:
603:) species. The vervet monkey inhabits
542:, from north-eastern Botswana and the
1572:. Penguin Random House South Africa.
1023:An infant vervet monkey, South Africa
727:Alarm calls and offspring recognition
7:
2221:BBC story: Vervet monkeys raid farms
2003:International Journal of Primatology
1593:Fedigan, L.; Fedigan, L. M. (1988).
1359:National Geographic Society Newsroom
1328:The Kingdom Guide to African Mammals
3616:IUCN Red List least concern species
1213:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
731:Vervet monkeys have four confirmed
2180:Osypińska, Marta (December 2016).
2108:"R10 000 reward for monkey killer"
1332:. Academic Press Limited, London.
1280:American Journal of Human Genetics
1038:This species was known in ancient
25:
532:, from southern Botswana and the
403:Chlorocebus pygerythrus excubitor
2106:Mngoma, N. (19 September 2014).
1116:
1104:
1092:
1080:
764:Vervet monkey female with a baby
110:
1874:Estes, Richard Despard (2012).
1568:Stuart, C.; Stuart, T. (1997).
1058:on the Mediterranean island of
2039:Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus
1524:10.1080/00086495.1974.11829225
1355:"A rainbow of savanna monkeys"
587:. It is not found west of the
1:
3711:Taxa named by Frédéric Cuvier
2837:Northern pig-tailed macaque (
2828:Southern pig-tailed macaque (
2144:10.1016/S0169-555X(98)00067-1
1979:10.1016/S0003-3472(05)80536-6
1905:10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80044-3
1853:10.1016/S0003-3472(88)80018-6
1816:10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80097-2
1778:10.1016/S0003-3472(86)80259-7
2242:Alcoholism in vervet monkeys
1031:Its status according to the
2621:Greater spot-nosed monkey (
1598:: a review of field studies
993:– soft parts of the flowers
315:, and social and dependent
27:Species of Old World monkey
3727:
2693:Lesser spot-nosed monkey (
349:have also been considered
3706:Mammals described in 1821
3311:
3235:Golden-bellied mangabey (
2909:Celebes crested macaque (
2293:
2277:Extant species of family
2079:Foggo, D. (6 July 2008).
1645:10.4102/koedoe.v55i1.1078
1411:. Van Schaik Publishers.
391:where their ranges meet.
385:may also interbreed with
259:
250:
232:
225:
107:Scientific classification
105:
83:
74:
65:
53:
49:Adult male vervet monkey
48:
39:
34:
3049:Black crested mangabey (
2648:Campbell's mona monkey (
2435:Blue Nile patas monkey (
2216:Vervet Monkey Foundation
1164:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
1015:Relationship with humans
773:females that cannot yet
558:Distribution and habitat
262:
3671:Mammals of South Africa
3396:chlorocebus-pygerythrus
3383:Chlorocebus_pygerythrus
3369:Chlorocebus pygerythrus
3339:Chlorocebus pygerythrus
3040:Grey-cheeked mangabey (
3008:White-cheeked macaque (
2945:Formosan rock macaque (
2702:White-throated guenon (
2494:Bale Mountains vervet (
2417:Southern patas monkey (
1672:The American Naturalist
1206:Chlorocebus pygerythrus
1156:Chlorocebus pygerythrus
886:Deinbollia oblongifolia
865:spp. – nectar (flowers)
339:', and reclassified as
278:Chlorocebus pygerythrus
236:Chlorocebus pygerythrus
3262:White-naped mangabey (
2927:Stump-tailed macaque (
2846:Pagai Island macaque (
2352:Allen's swamp monkey (
1596:Cercopithecus aethiops
1220:: e.T136271A17957823.
1111:Side view of the skull
1024:
765:
723:
688:
673:
491:Cercopithecus aethiops
333:Cercopithecus aethiops
3656:Mammals of Mozambique
3560:Paleobiology Database
3244:Tana River mangabey (
2918:Crab-eating macaque (
2819:Lion-tailed macaque (
2666:Crested mona monkey (
2543:(Terrestrial guenons)
2426:Common patas monkey (
2199:10.15184/aqy.2016.181
1022:
878:Colophospermum mopane
763:
715:Female and juvenile,
714:
701:dominance hierarchies
679:
671:
579:and extreme southern
500:, from South Africa (
3701:Fauna of East Africa
2756:De Brazza's monkey (
2684:Dent's mona monkey (
2675:Wolf's mona monkey (
2657:Lowe's mona monkey (
2226:Darwin Primate Group
2161:. Modern Antiquarian
1735:10.1093/icb/22.3.519
1324:Kingdon, J. (1997).
1035:is "least concern".
966:Protorhus longifolia
643:Physical description
637:Dania Beach, Florida
583:all the way down to
396:Mammals of the World
3696:Fauna of Cape Verde
3691:Mammals of Zimbabwe
3681:Mammals of Tanzania
3676:Mammals of Eswatini
3641:Mammals of Ethiopia
3631:Mammals of Botswana
3217:Collared mangabey (
3030:(Crested mangabeys)
2999:Arunachal macaque (
2900:Gorontalo macaque (
2738:Red-tailed monkey (
2729:Moustached guenon (
2571:Sun-tailed monkey (
2281:(Old World monkeys)
1548:. 11 February 2020.
1512:Caribbean Quarterly
1407:Cillié, B. (1992).
1363:National Geographic
902:Euphorbia tirucalli
575:, being found from
534:North West Province
218:C. pygerythrus
77:Conservation status
3666:Mammals of Somalia
3636:Mammals of Burundi
3123:Hamadryas baboon (
2954:Japanese macaque (
2720:Red-eared guenon (
2711:Sclater's guenon (
2593:(Arboreal guenons)
2553:L'Hoest's monkey (
2384:Angolan talapoin (
2233:, Primate Info Net
2016:10.1007/bf02736218
1942:10.1007/BF02382182
1721:American Zoologist
1123:Vervet monkeys in
1054:artworks found in
1025:
1006:Ziziphus mucronata
990:Strelitzia nicolai
982:Sclerocarya birrea
942:Harpephyllum afrum
910:Ficus abutilifolia
766:
724:
689:
674:
629:St Kitts and Nevis
552:Ch. p. pygerythrus
487:Ch. p. pygerythrus
444:Ch. p. rufoviridis
422:Ch. p. pygerythrus
264: Native range
66:Calls recorded at
3686:Mammals of Zambia
3661:Mammals of Rwanda
3651:Mammals of Malawi
3626:Mammals of Uganda
3601:
3600:
3547:Open Tree of Life
3331:Taxon identifiers
3322:
3321:
3307:
3306:
3201:
3098:
3033:
2990:Tibetan macaque (
2882:Tonkean macaque (
2855:Siberut macaque (
2810:Barbary macaque (
2803:
2777:
2776:
2747:Hamlyn's monkey (
2596:
2562:Preuss's monkey (
2546:
2503:Tantalus monkey (
2460:
2377:
2282:
1044:Red Sea Mountains
974:Rhus chirindensis
958:Phoenix reclinata
950:Hyphaene coriacea
748:Kin relationships
682:C. p. rufoviridis
653:sexual dimorphism
589:East African Rift
498:C. a. pygerythrus
345:. The vervet and
269:
268:
100:
59:
16:(Redirected from
3718:
3646:Mammals of Kenya
3594:
3593:
3581:
3580:
3568:
3567:
3555:
3554:
3542:
3541:
3529:
3528:
3516:
3515:
3503:
3502:
3490:
3489:
3477:
3476:
3464:
3463:
3451:
3450:
3438:
3437:
3425:
3424:
3412:
3411:
3399:
3398:
3386:
3385:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3326:
3253:Sanje mangabey (
3226:Agile mangabey (
3208:Sooty mangabey (
3200:
3199:
3193:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3032:
3031:
3027:
2972:Bonnet macaque (
2936:Rhesus macaque (
2891:Heck's macaque (
2873:Booted macaque (
2802:
2801:
2797:
2788:
2704:C. erythrogaster
2612:Roloway monkey (
2595:
2594:
2590:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2496:C. djamdjamensis
2459:
2458:
2457:(Vervet monkeys)
2454:
2393:Gabon talapoin (
2376:
2375:
2371:
2338:
2280:
2279:Cercopithecidae
2271:
2264:
2257:
2248:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2076:
2070:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2044:American Zoology
2034:
2028:
2027:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1966:Animal Behaviour
1960:
1954:
1953:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1892:Animal Behaviour
1886:
1880:
1879:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1840:Animal Behaviour
1834:
1828:
1827:
1810:(4): 1070–1094.
1803:Animal Behaviour
1797:
1791:
1790:
1780:
1771:(6): 1722–1731.
1764:Animal Behaviour
1754:
1748:
1747:
1737:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1647:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1442:
1423:
1422:
1404:
1389:
1385:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1331:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1304:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1229:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1146:
1120:
1108:
1096:
1084:
1042:, including the
894:Euphorbia ingens
857:– seeds and pods
812:gestation period
664:Social behaviour
621:Ascension Island
540:C. a. ngamiensis
522:, from northern
472:Ch. p. centralis
464:Ch. p. excubitor
361:. The different
357:of a widespread
287:Old World monkey
265:
263:
255:
238:
115:
114:
94:
89:
88:
61:
60:
44:
32:
21:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3606:
3605:
3602:
3597:
3589:
3584:
3576:
3571:
3563:
3558:
3550:
3545:
3537:
3534:Observation.org
3532:
3524:
3519:
3511:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3485:
3480:
3472:
3467:
3459:
3454:
3446:
3441:
3433:
3428:
3420:
3415:
3407:
3402:
3394:
3389:
3381:
3376:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3333:
3323:
3318:
3303:
3270:
3237:C. chrysogaster
3197:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3182:
3158:
3141:Chacma baboon (
3132:Guinea baboon (
3116:P. cynocephalus
3114:Yellow baboon (
3094:
3093:
3091:
3081:
3057:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3016:
2981:Assam macaque (
2963:Toque macaque (
2920:M. fascicularis
2799:
2798:
2796:
2773:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2579:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2529:
2512:Vervet monkey (
2456:
2455:
2453:
2443:
2401:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2360:
2354:A. nigroviridis
2327:
2289:
2286:Cercopithecinae
2275:
2212:
2207:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2113:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2060:
2056:
2036:
2035:
2031:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1580:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1457:
1444:
1443:
1426:
1419:
1406:
1405:
1392:
1386:
1377:
1367:
1365:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1340:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1255:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1232:
1230:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1178:
1148:
1147:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1121:
1112:
1109:
1100:
1097:
1088:
1085:
1076:
1017:
1012:
926:Ficus sycomorus
870:Celtis africana
854:Acacia erioloba
825:
820:
804:
788:
750:
729:
666:
661:
645:
613:
565:
563:Natural habitat
560:
530:C. a. marjoriae
484:
476:Ch. p. hilgerti
468:Ch. p. nesiotes
460:Ch. p. hilgerti
417:Ch. p. nesiotes
408:Ch. p. hilgerti
383:Ch. pygerythrus
375:Ch. pygerythrus
335:, now renamed '
329:
321:sexual maturity
291:Cercopithecidae
261:
260:
246:
240:
234:
221:
194:Cercopithecidae
109:
101:
90:
86:
79:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3724:
3722:
3714:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3608:
3607:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3582:
3569:
3556:
3543:
3530:
3517:
3504:
3491:
3478:
3465:
3452:
3439:
3426:
3413:
3400:
3387:
3374:
3359:
3343:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3320:
3319:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3297:M. leucophaeus
3292:
3282:
3280:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3259:
3250:
3241:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3204:
3202:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3170:
3168:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3150:Kinda baboon (
3147:
3138:
3129:
3120:
3111:
3105:Olive baboon (
3101:
3099:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3069:
3067:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3005:
2996:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2915:
2906:
2897:
2888:
2879:
2870:
2864:Moor macaque (
2861:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2825:
2816:
2806:
2804:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2767:C. lomamiensis
2762:
2753:
2744:
2735:
2726:
2717:
2708:
2699:
2690:
2681:
2672:
2663:
2654:
2645:
2636:
2627:
2618:
2609:
2603:Diana monkey (
2599:
2597:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2568:
2559:
2549:
2547:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2518:
2514:C. pygerythrus
2509:
2500:
2491:
2482:
2476:Green monkey (
2473:
2467:Dryas monkey (
2463:
2461:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2437:E. poliophaeus
2432:
2423:
2413:
2411:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2348:
2346:
2343:Allenopithecus
2335:
2333:Cercopithecini
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2211:
2210:External links
2208:
2206:
2205:
2172:
2149:
2138:(4): 297–312.
2121:
2098:
2071:
2054:
2041:in Barbados".
2029:
2010:(5): 426–441.
1992:
1973:(3): 553–562.
1955:
1918:
1899:(2): 362–367.
1881:
1866:
1847:(2): 477–486.
1829:
1792:
1749:
1728:(3): 519–529.
1706:
1685:10.1086/284142
1679:(3): 392–412.
1661:
1618:
1603:
1585:
1578:
1560:
1551:
1537:
1502:
1493:
1482:(404). Genoa.
1462:
1455:
1424:
1417:
1390:
1375:
1345:
1338:
1316:
1293:10.1086/515526
1287:(3): 481–488.
1265:
1240:
1191:
1176:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1002:
998:Ximenia caffra
994:
986:
978:
970:
962:
954:
946:
938:
930:
922:
914:
906:
898:
890:
882:
874:
866:
858:
849:
824:
821:
819:
816:
803:
800:
787:
784:
749:
746:
728:
725:
665:
662:
660:
657:
644:
641:
612:
609:
564:
561:
559:
556:
548:
547:
537:
527:
517:
483:
480:
456:
455:
441:
419:
414:
410:from southern
405:
373:graduate into
328:
325:
289:of the family
267:
266:
257:
256:
248:
247:
241:
230:
229:
223:
222:
215:
213:
209:
208:
201:
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102:
84:
81:
80:
75:
72:
71:
63:
62:
51:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
35:Vervet monkey
26:
24:
18:Vervet monkeys
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3723:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3604:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3561:
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3553:
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3544:
3540:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3375:
3370:
3364:
3360:
3355:
3349:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3327:
3317:
3316:
3310:
3300:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3267:
3265:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3196:(White-eyelid
3191:
3190:
3185:
3179:
3177:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3165:Theropithecus
3161:
3155:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3052:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3013:
3011:
3010:M. leucogenys
3006:
3004:
3002:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2983:M. assamensis
2979:
2977:
2975:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2902:M. nigrescens
2898:
2896:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2830:M. nemestrina
2826:
2824:
2822:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2722:C. erythrotis
2718:
2716:
2714:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2695:C. petaurista
2691:
2689:
2687:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2639:Mona monkey (
2637:
2635:
2633:
2630:Blue monkey (
2628:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2588:
2587:
2586:Cercopithecus
2582:
2576:
2574:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2538:
2537:
2536:Allochrocebus
2532:
2526:
2524:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2419:E. baumstarki
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2396:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2272:
2267:
2265:
2260:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2231:Vervet monkey
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2176:
2173:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2132:Geomorphology
2125:
2122:
2109:
2102:
2099:
2086:
2082:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2067:0-620-17697-0
2064:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2033:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2004:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
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1922:
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1456:0-86979-802-2
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1437:
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1431:
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1418:0-627-01686-3
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1382:
1380:
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1339:0-12-408355-2
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1330:
1329:
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1196:
1192:
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1179:
1177:0-801-88221-4
1173:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1162:Wilson, D. E.
1159:
1157:
1151:
1150:Groves, C. P.
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1126:
1119:
1114:
1107:
1102:
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1090:
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983:
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920:
919:
915:
912:
911:
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904:
903:
899:
896:
895:
891:
888:
887:
883:
880:
879:
875:
872:
871:
867:
864:
863:
859:
856:
855:
851:
850:
848:
845:
843:
839:
838:cattle egrets
835:
831:
822:
817:
815:
813:
809:
801:
799:
797:
792:
785:
783:
779:
776:
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762:
758:
756:
747:
745:
741:
738:
734:
726:
722:
718:
713:
709:
705:
702:
697:
695:
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678:
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663:
658:
656:
654:
650:
642:
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638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
610:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
593:Luangwa River
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
562:
557:
555:
553:
545:
541:
538:
535:
531:
528:
525:
524:KwaZulu-Natal
521:
520:C. a. cloetei
518:
515:
514:KwaZulu-Natal
512:and southern
511:
510:Northern Cape
507:
503:
499:
496:
495:
494:
492:
488:
481:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
453:
449:
445:
442:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
399:
397:
392:
390:
389:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:morphological
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
343:
338:
334:
326:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
304:
302:
301:
296:
292:
288:
284:
281:), or simply
280:
279:
274:
273:vervet monkey
258:
254:
249:
244:
239:
237:
231:
228:
227:Binomial name
224:
220:
219:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
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159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
113:
108:
104:
98:
93:
92:Least Concern
82:
78:
73:
69:
68:Lake Naivasha
64:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3603:
3338:
3313:
3296:
3287:
3275:
3264:C. lunulatus
3263:
3254:
3246:C. galeritus
3245:
3236:
3227:
3219:C. torquatus
3218:
3209:
3187:
3175:
3163:
3151:
3142:
3133:
3125:P. hamadryas
3124:
3115:
3106:
3086:
3074:
3062:
3051:L. aterrimus
3050:
3041:
3021:
3009:
3000:
2992:M. thibetana
2991:
2982:
2973:
2964:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2929:M. arctoides
2928:
2919:
2910:
2901:
2892:
2883:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2847:
2838:
2829:
2820:
2811:
2791:
2766:
2758:C. neglectus
2757:
2748:
2739:
2730:
2721:
2712:
2703:
2694:
2685:
2676:
2667:
2658:
2650:C. campbelli
2649:
2640:
2631:
2623:C. nictitans
2622:
2613:
2604:
2584:
2572:
2563:
2554:
2534:
2523:C. cynosuros
2522:
2513:
2511:
2504:
2495:
2486:
2477:
2468:
2448:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2408:Erythrocebus
2406:
2395:M. ogouensis
2394:
2385:
2365:
2353:
2341:
2189:
2185:
2175:
2163:. Retrieved
2152:
2135:
2131:
2124:
2112:. Retrieved
2101:
2089:. Retrieved
2084:
2074:
2057:
2048:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1936:(1): 47–59.
1933:
1927:
1921:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1875:
1869:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1768:
1762:
1752:
1725:
1719:
1709:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1612:
1606:
1597:
1594:
1588:
1569:
1563:
1554:
1540:
1518:(2): 37–52.
1515:
1511:
1505:
1496:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1446:
1408:
1366:. Retrieved
1358:
1348:
1327:
1319:
1284:
1278:
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
1252:
1243:
1231:. Retrieved
1217:
1211:
1205:
1166:
1155:
1037:
1030:
1026:
1004:
996:
988:
980:
972:
964:
956:
948:
940:
932:
924:
916:
908:
900:
892:
884:
876:
868:
860:
852:
846:
830:grasshoppers
826:
805:
802:Reproduction
789:
780:
767:
751:
742:
730:
721:South Africa
706:
698:
690:
681:
646:
625:Saint Helena
614:
601:C. cynosuros
600:
585:South Africa
566:
551:
549:
539:
529:
519:
506:Eastern Cape
502:Western Cape
497:
490:
486:
485:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
458:Groves used
457:
443:
426:South Africa
421:
416:
407:
402:
395:
393:
388:Ch. tantalus
387:
382:
379:Ch. aethiops
378:
374:
371:Ch. aethiops
370:
359:Ch. aethiops
358:
340:
332:
330:
309:hypertension
305:
298:
282:
277:
276:
272:
270:
235:
233:
217:
216:
204:
180:Infraorder:
29:
3621:Chlorocebus
3456:iNaturalist
3363:Wikispecies
3064:Rungwecebus
3042:L. albigena
2947:M. cyclopis
2884:M. tonkeana
2875:M. ochreata
2848:M. pagensis
2812:M. sylvanus
2740:C. ascanius
2713:C. sclateri
2668:C. pogonias
2521:Malbrouck (
2505:C. tantalus
2487:C. aethiops
2450:Chlorocebus
2386:M. talapoin
2374:(Talapoins)
2367:Miopithecus
2284:(subfamily
1472:Chlorocebus
1388:2010-06-18)
1253:iNaturalist
1233:19 November
1048:Nile Valley
934:Grewia afra
842:weaver bird
836:. Raids of
796:immigrating
717:Kruger Park
649:gray langur
581:South Sudan
573:East Africa
470:. The name
351:conspecific
342:Chlorocebus
317:alcohol use
300:Chlorocebus
205:Chlorocebus
184:Simiiformes
3610:Categories
3286:Mandrill (
3277:Mandrillus
3198:mangabeys)
3189:Cercocebus
3143:P. ursinus
3075:R. kipunji
3023:Lophocebus
3001:M. munzala
2974:M. radiata
2956:M. fuscata
2938:M. mulatta
2839:M. leonina
2821:M. silenus
2800:(Macaques)
2749:C. hamlyni
2614:C. roloway
2573:A. solatus
2564:A. preussi
2555:A. lhoesti
2478:C. sabaeus
2323:Haplorhini
2321:Suborder:
2159:"Akrotiri"
1655:10500/8791
1132:References
775:menstruate
755:allomother
737:alarm call
694:inbreeding
617:Cape Verde
611:Introduced
448:Mozambique
355:subspecies
293:native to
174:Haplorhini
170:Suborder:
3288:M. sphinx
3255:C. sanjei
3228:C. agilis
3176:T. gelada
3152:P. kindae
3107:P. anubis
3095:(Baboons)
3073:Kipunji (
2965:M. sinica
2857:M. siberu
2783:Papionini
2731:C. cephus
2297:Kingdom:
2186:Antiquity
2085:The Times
1532:0008-6495
1488:0417-9927
1060:Santorini
918:Ficus sur
733:predators
680:Juvenile
659:Behaviour
597:malbrouck
347:malbrouck
243:F. Cuvier
212:Species:
130:Kingdom:
124:Eukaryota
3573:Species+
3513:12100508
3354:Q8985570
3348:Wikidata
3315:Category
3174:Gelada (
3134:P. papio
2911:M. nigra
2893:M. hecki
2866:M. maura
2765:Lesula (
2686:C. denti
2677:C. wolfi
2659:C. lowei
2632:C. mitis
2605:C. diana
2485:Grivet (
2469:C. dryas
2428:E. patas
2317:Primates
2311:Mammalia
2305:Chordata
2303:Phylum:
2299:Animalia
2091:27 March
2087:. London
1987:53193890
1950:21449948
1929:Primates
1913:53258798
1861:53167785
1824:53165940
1787:53184485
1701:84820877
1368:10 April
1186:62265494
1152:(2005).
1068:Berenike
1056:Akrotiri
1046:and the
834:termites
791:Spiteful
771:juvenile
633:Barbados
577:Ethiopia
569:Southern
544:Okavango
482:Synonymy
438:Eswatini
430:Botswana
353:, or as
327:Taxonomy
285:, is an
190:Family:
164:Primates
154:Mammalia
144:Chordata
140:Phylum:
134:Animalia
120:Domain:
97:IUCN 3.1
70:, Kenya
3500:1000586
3448:7262034
3295:Drill (
3210:C. atys
2641:C. mona
2315:Order:
2309:Class:
2192:(354).
2165:13 July
2024:6784648
1744:3882575
1693:2461023
1476:Doriana
1311:9326311
1302:1715973
1125:Samburu
1074:Gallery
1050:. From
1009:– fruit
1001:– fruit
985:– fruit
977:– fruit
969:– fruit
961:– fruit
953:– fruit
945:– fruit
937:– fruit
905:– fruit
897:– fruit
889:– fruit
881:– seeds
873:– fruit
818:Ecology
798:males.
605:savanna
591:or the
434:Lesotho
313:anxiety
200:Genus:
160:Order:
150:Class:
95: (
3565:385892
3552:571323
3539:200468
3487:136271
3474:944217
3435:CLCSPY
3409:103913
3391:ARKive
2793:Macaca
2114:24 May
2065:
2051:: 939.
2022:
1985:
1948:
1911:
1859:
1822:
1785:
1742:
1699:
1691:
1632:Koedoe
1576:
1530:
1486:
1453:
1415:
1336:
1309:
1299:
1258:6 June
1184:
1174:
1052:fresco
929:– figs
921:– figs
913:– figs
808:estrus
686:Uganda
631:, and
452:Uganda
436:, and
337:grivet
295:Africa
283:vervet
245:, 1821
3578:10131
3526:60710
3461:68137
3422:69VWT
3088:Papio
2110:. IOL
2020:S2CID
1983:S2CID
1946:S2CID
1909:S2CID
1857:S2CID
1820:S2CID
1783:S2CID
1740:JSTOR
1697:S2CID
1689:JSTOR
1638:(1).
1160:. In
1040:Egypt
786:Spite
489:, as
446:from
424:from
412:Kenya
3591:4109
3521:NCBI
3482:IUCN
3469:ITIS
3443:GBIF
3430:EPPO
3404:BOLD
2167:2008
2116:2017
2093:2010
2063:ISBN
1574:ISBN
1528:ISSN
1484:ISSN
1451:ISBN
1413:ISBN
1370:2021
1334:ISBN
1307:PMID
1260:2023
1235:2021
1218:2019
1182:OCLC
1172:ISBN
1033:IUCN
862:Aloe
840:and
832:and
823:Diet
571:and
466:and
450:and
363:taxa
271:The
3586:TSA
3508:MSW
3495:MDD
3417:CoL
3378:ADW
2194:doi
2140:doi
2012:doi
1975:doi
1938:doi
1901:doi
1849:doi
1812:doi
1773:doi
1730:doi
1681:doi
1677:122
1650:hdl
1640:doi
1520:doi
1297:PMC
1289:doi
1222:doi
3612::
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3575::
3562::
3549::
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2188:.
2184:.
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2134:.
2083:.
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2047:.
2018:.
2006:.
1981:.
1971:40
1969:.
1944:.
1934:28
1932:.
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1855:.
1845:36
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1738:.
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1695:.
1687:.
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1526:.
1516:20
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1478:.
1427:^
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1361:.
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1283:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
