Low-carbohydrate diet - Knowledge (XXG)

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people with diabetes should be "developing healthy eating patterns rather than focusing on individual macronutrients, micronutrients, or single foods." They recommended that the carbohydrates in a diet should come from "vegetables, legumes, fruits, dairy (milk and yogurt), and whole grains", while highly refined foods and sugary drinks should be avoided. For individuals with type 2 diabetes who can't meet the glycemic targets or where reducing anti-glycemic medications is a priority, the ADA says that low or very-low carbohydrate diets are a viable approach.

72: 343:, misleading many dieters into compromising the nutritiousness of their diet by eliminating carbohydrate-rich food. Low-carbohydrate diet proponents emphasize research saying that low-carbohydrate diets can initially cause slightly greater weight loss than a balanced diet, but any such advantage does not persist. In the long-term successful weight maintenance is determined by calorie intake, and not by macronutrient ratios. 6766: 6093: 5344: 5374: 682: 246: 5364: 517:(ADA) states "Reducing overall carbohydrate intake for individuals with diabetes has demonstrated the most evidence for improving glycemia (blood sugar) and may be applied in a variety of eating patterns that meet individual needs and preferences." However, another source states that there is no good evidence that low-carbohydrate diets are better than a conventional 4335: 6104: 5354: 588:

included 90,171 participants with a median 17 years of follow-up. The study found that a high adherence to low-carb eating was associated with increased overall cancer risk. Looking at the diet composition the authors found that eating more animals foods was associated with an increased cancer risk while plant fat consumption was not.

840:, and other doctors began to publish books based on the same principles. During the late 1990s and early 2000s, low-carbohydrate diets became some of the most popular diets in the US. By some accounts, up to 18% of the population was using one type of low-carbohydrate diet or another at the peak of their popularity. 1427:"Review of current evidence and clinical recommendations on the effects of low-carbohydrate and very-low-carbohydrate (including ketogenic) diets for the management of body weight and other cardiometabolic risk factors: A scientific statement from the National Lipid Association Nutrition and Lifestyle Task Force" 465:

Eating a low-carbohydrate diet for less than two years was found to not worsen markers for cardiovascular health. However, following a low-carb diet for many years is associated with dying from heart disease. Low-carbohydrate diets in the long-term have detrimental effects on lipid parameters such as

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High- and low-carbohydrate diets that are rich in animal-derived proteins and fats may be associated with increased mortality. Conversely, with plant-derived proteins and fats, there may be a decrease of mortality. A 2021 study from Japan looked at the long-term aspects of low-carb eating. The study

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stated that "when calorie intake is held constant ... body-fat accumulation does not appear to be affected by even very pronounced changes in the amount of fat vs. carbohydrate in the diet". People on such a diet have very slightly more weight loss initially, equivalent to approximately 100kcal/day,

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did not provide convincing evidence of any advantage to a low-carbohydrate diet as compared to diets of other composition. This study revealed a marginal (~100 kcal/d) but statistically significant effect of the ketogenic diet to increase 24-hour energy expenditure measured in a respiratory chamber,

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Much of the research comparing low-fat vs. low-carbohydrate dieting has been of poor quality and studies which reported large effects have garnered disproportionate attention in comparison to those which are methodologically sound. A 2018 review said "higher-quality meta-analyses reported little or

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Limiting carbohydrate consumption generally results in improved glucose control, although without long-term weight loss. Low-carbohydrate diets can be useful to help people with type 2 diabetes lose weight, but "no single approach has been proven to be consistently superior." According to the ADA,

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found at six months the low-carbohydrate diet still had most people adhering to it, but thereafter the situation reversed: at two years the low-carbohydrate group had the highest incidence of lapses and dropouts. This may be due to the comparatively limited food choice of low-carbohydrate diets.

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These diets are generally associated with higher intakes of total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol because the protein is provided mainly by animal sources. ... Beneficial effects on blood lipids and insulin resistance are due to the weight loss, not to the change in caloric composition. ...

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have proposed a "carbohydrate-insulin hypothesis" in which carbohydrates are said to be uniquely fattening because they raise insulin levels and cause fat to accumulate unduly. The hypothesis appears to run counter to known human biology whereby there is no good evidence of any such association

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As of 2014, it appeared that with respect to the risk of death for people with cardiovascular disease, the kind of carbohydrates consumed are important; diets relatively higher in fiber and whole grains lead to reduced risk of death from cardiovascular disease compared to diets high in refined

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recommends a clinician-patient discussion for people who want to go on a very low-carbohydrate diet. People on the diet should be informed that it may worsen LDL-C levels and cardiovascular health in the long-term. Those with atherosclerosis should be counseled to avoid low-carbohydrate diets.

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It has been repeatedly found that in the long-term, all diets with the same calorific value perform the same for weight loss, except for the one differentiating factor of how well people can faithfully follow the dietary programme. A study comparing groups taking low-fat, low-carbohydrate and

580:, a potentially life-threatening condition. Rarely, a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet can also give rise to ketoacidosis, especially in patients with comorbid conditions. There are infrequent case reports of ketoacidosis occurring in people who follow low-carbohydrate diets such as the 393:

but the effect waned over time. Ultimately a very low-calorie, ketogenic diet (of 5% carbohydrate) "was not associated with significant loss of fat mass" compared to a non-specialized diet with the same calories; there was no useful "metabolic advantage". In 2017, Kevin Hall, a

810:, which advocated the low-carbohydrate diet he had successfully used in treating people in the 1960s. The book was a publishing success, but was widely criticized by the mainstream medical community as being dangerous and misleading, thereby limiting its appeal at the time. 371:

between the actions of insulin, fat accumulation, and obesity. The hypothesis predicted that low-carbohydrate dieting would offer a "metabolic advantage" of increased energy expenditure equivalent to 400–600 kcal(kilocalorie)/day, in accord with the promise of the

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that is high in fat but low in protein is an effective means for weight loss in those who are overweight or obese, yielding an average weight loss of 10 kg over four weeks, with maintenance of the weight loss for up to two years. However, concerns about

2429: 506:, although there is some evidence that diets containing certain high-carbohydrate items – such as sugar-sweetened drinks or white rice – are associated with an increased risk. Some evidence indicates that consuming fewer carbohydrate foods may reduce 4206:

Castellana M, Conte E, Cignarelli A, Perrini S, Giustina A, Giovanella L, et al. (March 2020). "Efficacy and safety of very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in patients with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis".

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The British Dietetic Association (BDA) today revealed its much-anticipated annual list of celebrity diets to avoid in 2018. The line-up this year includes Raw Vegan, Alkaline, Pioppi and Ketogenic diets as well as Katie Price's Nutritional

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but that advantage diminishes over time and is ultimately insignificant. A Cochrane review from 2022 looked into longer periods of two years and found no benefit for adhering to a low-carbohydrate diet in comparison to balanced diets.

1648: 4100: 401:. Hall wrote "the rise in obesity prevalence may be primarily due to increased consumption of refined carbohydrates, but the mechanisms are likely to be quite different from those proposed by the carbohydrate–insulin model." 227:

Nutrition and Lifestyle Task Force define low-carbohydrate diets and those containing less than 25% of calories from carbohydrates, and very low carbohydrate diets being those containing less than 10% carbohydrates. A 2016

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of low-carbohydrate diets classified diets with 50 g of carbohydrate per day (less than 10% of total calories) as "very low" and diets with 40% of calories from carbohydrates as "mild" low-carbohydrate diets. The UK

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dosing. This can be hard to maintain and there are concerns about potential adverse health effects caused by the diet. In general, people with type 1 diabetes are advised to follow an individualized eating plan.

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Meng Y, Bai H, Wang S, Li Z, Wang Q, Chen L (September 2017). "Efficacy of low carbohydrate diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus management: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials".

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for adults has about 50% of food by weight coming from fat (70% of calories). Proponents claim that it induces weight loss. The premise of the weight-loss ketogenic diet is that if the body is deprived of

3837:"Dietary protein and weight reduction: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association" 3729: 1096:

Low‐carbohydrate diets are of interest for improving glycaemic outcomes in the management of Type 1 diabetes. There is limited evidence to support their routine use in the management of Type 1 diabetes.

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was developed in 1981 by David Jenkins to account for variances in speed of digestion of different types of carbohydrates. This concept classifies foods according to the rapidity of their effect on

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Hashimoto Y, Fukuda T, Oyabu C, Tanaka M, Asano M, Yamazaki M, et al. (June 2016). "Impact of low-carbohydrate diet on body composition: meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies".

453:, and 7 of them concluded positively. A 2017 review concluded that a variety of diets, including low-carbohydrate diets, achieve similar weight loss outcomes, which are mainly determined by 261:

carbohydrate-rich foods are healthful while highly refined and sugary foods are less so. A diet chosen to address health concerns should be tailored to the individual's specific needs.

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The macronutrient ratios of low-carbohydrate diets are not standardized. As of 2018, the conflicting definitions of "low-carbohydrate" diets have complicated research into the subject.

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Seckold R, Fisher E, de Bock M, King BR, Smart CE (March 2019). "The ups and downs of low-carbohydrate diets in the management of Type 1 diabetes: a review of clinical outcomes".

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High-protein diets may also be associated with increased risk for coronary heart disease due to intakes of saturated fat, cholesterol, and other associated dietary factors.

2530:"Effects of low-carbohydrate- compared with low-fat-diet interventions on metabolic control in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review including GRADE assessments" 980:

which noted that "there is insufficient evidence to support any existing popular or fad diets such as the ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting to promote heart health".

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noted the trend, as it affected their businesses. Parts of the mainstream medical community have denounced low-carbohydrate diets as being dangerous to health, such as the

720:, a formerly obese English undertaker and coffin maker, published "Letter on Corpulence Addressed to the Public", in which he described a diet for weight control giving up 4865: 2784:"Diets for weight management in adults with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses and systematic review of trials of diets for diabetes remission" 2833:"Crisis of confidence averted: Impairment of exercise economy and performance in elite race walkers by ketogenic low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet is reproducible" 6140: 4012: 4126: 2674:

Neumiller JJ, Cannon CP, Crandall J, D'Alessio D, de Boer IH, de Groot M, et al. (American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee) (January 2019).

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Army officers with a low-carbohydrate diet and medications. A very low-carbohydrate diet was the standard treatment for diabetes throughout the nineteenth century.

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This article is about low-carbohydrate dieting as a lifestyle choice or for weight loss. For information on low-carbohydrate dieting as a therapy for epilepsy, see

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similarly recommend that the majority of dietary energy come from carbohydrates. Low-carbohydrate diets are not an option recommended in the 2015–2020 edition of

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There is a lack of standardization of how much carbohydrate low-carbohydrate diets must have, and this has complicated research. One definition, from the

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Furdell EL (2009). "Chapter Six. Diabetic Specialists And Their Patients In The Long Nineteenth Century: Competition For A Cure". In Furdell EL (ed.).

952:(MAD) – fewer carbohydrates than K-LCHF (less than 10 grams per day), and encourages high-fat foods without specifying a specific required amount. 532:

A 2021 umbrella review found that low-carbohydrate diets are no better for weight loss than higher-carbohydrate or low-fat diets in diabetic patients.

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following such efforts is only slowly replenished if a low-carbohydrate diet is taken. Inadequate carbohydrate intake during athletic training causes

4057: 891:. Although this extreme diet plan can be life-saving compared to the alternative, it is not a harmless diet. Children on this diet are at risk of 2939:

Maughan RJ, Greenhaff PL, Leiper JB, Ball D, Lambert CP, Gleeson M (June 1997). "Diet composition and the performance of high-intensity exercise".

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Physicians who advocated a low-carbohydrate diet consisting of large amounts of animal fat and protein to treat diabetes in the late 1800s include

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Giugliano D, Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Esposito K (September 2018). "More sugar? No, thank you! The elusive nature of low carbohydrate diets".

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and South Beach diets. This has led to the suggestion that ketoacidosis should be considered a potential hazard of low-carbohydrate dieting.

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Suyoto PS (October 2018). "Effect of low-carbohydrate diet on markers of renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis".

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obtained from carbohydrate foods, it will produce energy from stored fat. There are some different approaches to a keto diet, including:

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There is evidence that the quality, rather than the quantity, of carbohydrate in a diet is important for health, and that high-fiber slow-

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Gardner K (2019). "Nutrition, Starvation and Diabetic Diets: A Century of Change in the United States". In Gentilcore D, Smith M (eds.).

2338:"Lower carbohydrate diets and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based cohort study and pooling of prospective studies" 1855:

Taken together, these findings indicate that calorie intake, not macronutrient composition, determines long-term weight loss maintenance.

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Butryn ML, Clark VL, Coletta MC (2012). "Behavioral approaches to the treatment of obesity". In Akabas SR, Lederman SA, Moore BJ (eds.).

5413: 1711: 6234: 883:. Most epilepsy specialists order these children to eat 80% of the diet from fat by weight (90% of calories), plus carbohydrate-free 1982: 325: 3438: 3194: 1681: 5813: 382:, in 2012, Taubes co-founded the Nutrition Science Initiative (NuSI), with the aim of raising over $ 200 million to undertake a " 379: 333: 6800: 6769: 6126: 4367: 3280: 774:

developed a highly restrictive short term regime which was described by Walter R. Steiner at the 1916 annual convention of the

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in which carbohydrates typically account for more than 40% of calories consumed. Low-carbohydrate dieting has no effect on the

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No significant association was found between total carbohydrate intake as g/day and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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In the short and medium term, people taking a low-carbohydrate diet can experience more weight loss than people taking a

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that adopted the same name is also a high-fat, low-carb diet, but with a lower fat content. A typical version of this

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Other low-carbohydrate diets in the 1960s included the Air Force diet, "Martinis & Whipped Cream" in 1966, and the

38: 5304: 5284: 4416: 4252:"2021 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association" 3243: 5845: 5314: 4799: 4769: 3496:

The Starvation Treatment of Diabetes with a series of graduated diets as used at the Massachusetts General Hospital

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids

1337:"Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: critical review and evidence base" 494:. For certain individuals, it may be feasible to follow a low-carbohydrate regime combined with carefully managed 6320: 4157:"Effects of ketogenic diet on health outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials" 3335:

Porta M (2020). "Diabetes in Ancient Times: The Long and Winding Road to Insulin". In Jörgens V, Porta M (eds.).

2437: 1720: 329: 1280: 1216: 744:. His booklet was widely read, so much so that some people used the term "Banting" for the activity now called " 685:

A low-carbohydrate diet restricts the amount of carbohydrate-rich foods – such as bread – in the diet.

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are promoted as "low-carbohydrate" when in fact they would more properly be termed "medium-carbohydrate" diets.

6733: 6244: 6219: 5694: 5289: 934:(KD) – usually less than 50 grams of carbohydrates per day (assuming total intake of 2,000 calories). 908: 367: 176:, where low-carbohydrate diets achieve outcomes similar to other diets, as weight loss is mainly determined by 71: 3629:"A critique of low-carbohydrate ketogenic weight reduction regimens. A review of Dr. Atkins' diet revolution" 1539: 576:. Excessive accumulation of ketone bodies occurs when its production is greater than consumption, leading to 6683: 6642: 6470: 6315: 5910: 5808: 5739: 5639: 5406: 5329: 4660: 4632: 3782: 3074:"Low-carbohydrate diet and risk of cancer incidence: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study" 876: 771: 651: 234: 3779:"Americans Look for Health on the Menu: Survey finds nutrition plays increasing role in dining-out choices" 3464: 564:, which provide energy to important organs, including the brain, heart, and kidneys, in a condition called 6743: 6688: 6530: 6475: 6340: 5945: 5890: 5724: 5644: 5299: 4729: 4541: 4250:

Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Vadiveloo M, Hu FB, Kris-Etherton PM, Rebholz CM, et al. (December 2021).

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reported that 8 out of 10 meta-analyses assessed whether weight loss outcomes could have been affected by

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There is no good evidence that low-carbohydrate dieting confers any particular health benefits apart from

3217: 833:, a slower one. Jenkins's research laid the scientific groundwork for subsequent low-carbohydrate diets. 6500: 6480: 6067: 6041: 5207: 4815: 4691: 4520: 1512: 560:

A low-carbohydrate diet causes extensive metabolism of fatty acids, which are used by the liver to make

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recommend that "carbohydrates should be the body's main source of energy in a healthy, balanced diet."

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increase in total and LDL cholesterol. This is because most people on low-carbohydrate diets eat more

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Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, Schor NF, Finkel RS, Gropman AL, et al. (21 September 2017).

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researcher hired to assist with the project, wrote that the carbohydrate-insulin hypothesis had been

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Schwartz MW, Seeley RJ, Zeltser LM, Drewnowski A, Ravussin E, Redman LM, et al. (August 2017).

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Feinman RD, Pogozelski WK, Astrup A, Bernstein RK, Fine EJ, Westman EC, et al. (January 2015).

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Westman EC, Feinman RD, Mavropoulos JC, Vernon MC, Volek JS, Wortman JA, et al. (August 2007).

280:(corn) and rice are high in starch. Most low-carbohydrate diet plans accommodate vegetables such as 17: 6647: 6229: 5744: 5600: 5543: 5363: 5242: 4709: 4360: 966: 822: 767:

isolated his diabetic patients in locked rooms and prescribed them an exclusive animal-based diet.

647: 467: 454: 177: 5373: 2163:"Low-carbohydrate diets for overweight and obesity: a systematic review of the systematic reviews" 782:. This diet was often administered in a hospital in order to better ensure compliance and safety. 6795: 6535: 6520: 6495: 6465: 6440: 6410: 6400: 6385: 6365: 6096: 6036: 6001: 5476: 5399: 5177: 4883: 4652: 4624: 4556: 4492: 4281: 4232: 4006: 3918: 3358: 3023:

Seidelmann SB, Claggett B, Cheng S, Henglin M, Shah A, Steffen LM, et al. (September 2018).

2653: 2193: 2112: 2093:"Low-carbohydrate versus balanced-carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk" 1933: 1630: 1572: 1491: 1087: 1002: 888: 549: 416: 107: 3805: 3628: 3123:"The low-carbohydrate diet and cardiovascular risk factors: evidence from epidemiologic studies" 1955: 1425:

Kirkpatrick CF, Bolick JP, Kris-Etherton PM, Sikand G, Aspry KE, Soffer DE, et al. (2019).

946:(K-LCHF) – same as KD, with the additional restriction of 60 to 80% of calories coming from fat. 3883:: American Kidney Fund Warns About Impact of High-Protein Diets on Kidney Health: 25 April 2002 2675: 965:

levels led researchers to propose the diet only be used in "selected" people, and under strict

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Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Taylor RH, Barker H, Fielden H, Baldwin JM, et al. (March 1981).

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Gordon ES, Goldberg M, Chosy GJ (October 1963). "A New Concept in the Treatment of Obesity".

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Proteins, Pathologies and Politics Dietary Innovation and Disease from the Nineteenth Century

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Burke LM, Sharma AP, Heikura IA, Forbes SF, Holloway M, McKay AK, et al. (4 June 2020).

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Patikorn C, Saidoung P, Pham T, Phisalprapa P, Lee YY, Varady KA, et al. (May 2023).

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Perfect Health Diet: Regain Health and Lose Weight by Eating the Way You Were Meant to Eat

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Dinu M, Pagliai G, Angelino D, Rosi A, Dall'Asta M, Bresciani L, et al. (July 2020).

996: 940:(VLCKD) – same as KD, but limits total calories to a maximum of 800 calories per day. 841: 764: 717: 522: 513:

A 2019 consensus report on nutrition therapy for adults with diabetes and prediabetes the

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There is limited evidence for the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets for people with

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Freeman JM, Kossoff EH, Hartman AL (March 2007). "The ketogenic diet: one decade later".

3494: 3025:"Dietary carbohydrate intake and mortality: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis" 2226:

Chawla S, Tessarolo Silva F, Amaral Medeiros S, Mekary RA, Radenkovic D (December 2020).

1540:"Carbohydrate quality and human health: a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses" 372: 264:

Most vegetables are low- or moderate-carbohydrate foods (in some low-carbohydrate diets,

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Diabetes mellitus: its history, chemistry, anatomy, pathology, physiology, and treatment

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Cai H, Sobue T, Kitamura T, Ishihara J, Nanri A, Mizoue T, et al. (February 2022).

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Evert AB, Dennison M, Gardner CD, Garvey WT, Lau KH, MacLeod J, et al. (May 2019).

2581:"Overweight and diabetes prevention: is a low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet recommendable?" 2294: 2056: 6790: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6632: 6597: 6577: 6515: 6485: 6450: 6350: 6279: 6259: 5925: 5895: 5850: 5783: 5729: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5548: 5471: 5451: 5347: 5309: 5032: 4893: 4642: 4637: 4353: 3985:

MD EH, LDN Zahava Turner, RD, CSP, MD MC, LDN Bobbie J. Barron, RD (28 December 2020).

3962: 3937: 3147: 3122: 3098: 3073: 3049: 3024: 3000: 2975: 2916: 2891: 2867: 2832: 2808: 2783: 2759: 2732: 2605: 2580: 2406: 2381: 2313: 2279:"The effects of low-carbohydrate diets on cardiovascular risk factors: A meta-analysis" 2278: 2254: 2227: 2125: 2092: 1816: 1791: 1697: 1402: 1377: 896: 872: 865: 814: 592: 229: 200: 184: 63: 3311: 3040: 1559: 6784: 6738: 6622: 6617: 6587: 6505: 6420: 6395: 6254: 6224: 6204: 6072: 6046: 5915: 5798: 5773: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5664: 5558: 5553: 5503: 5493: 5436: 5022: 4982: 4972: 4918: 4835: 4719: 4599: 4594: 4581: 4497: 4285: 4236: 3645: 3604: 3362: 1378:"Dietary and nutritional approaches for prevention and management of type 2 diabetes" 900: 666: 634:

give rise to concerns of other potential risks of low-carbohydrate dieting including

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Ullah W, Hamid M, Mohammad Ammar Abdullah H, Ur Rashid M, Inayat F (January 2018).

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For Nutrition" and validate the hypothesis. Intermediate results, published in the

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is excluded because it is not a nutritive carbohydrate). Some vegetables, such as

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St Jeor ST, Howard BV, Prewitt TE, Bovee V, Bazzarre T, Eckel RH (October 2001).

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Churuangsuk C, Hall J, Reynolds A, Griffin SJ, Combet E, Lean ME (January 2022).

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risk. One low-quality meta-analysis reported that adverse effects could include "

552:, which may be responsible for the impaired performance which has been observed. 6713: 6673: 6612: 6545: 6405: 6299: 6289: 6284: 6174: 5991: 5981: 5875: 5855: 5788: 5704: 5674: 5624: 5578: 5573: 5461: 5377: 5136: 4860: 4850: 4686: 4441: 4339: 2091:

Naude CE, Brand A, Schoonees A, Nguyen KA, Chaplin M, Volmink J (January 2022).

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Reynolds A, Mann J, Cummings J, Winter N, Mete E, Te Morenga L (February 2019).

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Hall KD (March 2017). "A review of the carbohydrate-insulin model of obesity".

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Significantly restricting the proportion of carbohydrate in diet risks causing

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is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet developed in the 1920s and used to treat

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have tended to report favourably on the effect of low-carbohydrate diets: a

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Ketogenic Diet Therapies for Epilepsy and Other Conditions, Seventh Edition

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The public has become confused by the way in which some diets, such as the

3853: 3836: 3706: 3681:"Glycemic index of foods: a physiological basis for carbohydrate exchange" 3653: 2960: 2546: 2529: 2336:

Mazidi M, Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Sattar N, Banach M (September 2019).

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Food and Nutrition Board (2005). "Macronutrients and Healthful Diets".

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recommends a daily average of 130 g of carbohydrates per day. The

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As of 2018, research has paid insufficient attention to the potential

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The proportion of carbohydrate in a diet is not linked to the risk of

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Carbohydrate has been wrongly accused of being a uniquely "fattening"

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naming it one of the "top five worst celeb diets to avoid" in 2018.

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An example of a low-carbohydrate dish, cooked kale and poached eggs

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no difference in weight loss between the two diets." Low-quality

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Dietary intervention approaches to the treatment of obesity

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capacity for intense exercise efforts, and depleted muscle

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Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

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Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases

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Total dietary regulation in the treatment of diabetes

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of carbohydrate restricted dieting, particularly for

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was first established as a medical diet for treating

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Proceedings of the Connecticut State Medical Society

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Archived from 6134: 5407: 4361: 4123:"Diet review: Ketogenic diet for weight loss" 3938:"Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy" 3245:Letter On Corpulence, Addressed to the Public 1515:. National Health Service. 19 December 2018. 780:The Starvation Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus 375:: a "high calorie way to stay thin forever". 183:One form of low-carbohydrate diet called the 8: 4011:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3626:Council on Foods and Nutrition (June 1973). 2375: 2373: 821:levels – with fast-digesting 457:and adherence rather than the type of diet. 3991:. Springer Publishing Company. p. 51. 3942:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3491:Another publication of similar regimen was 3248:(4th ed.). London, England: Harrison. 2097:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1878:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 295–309. 1296:"Low-carbohydrate nutrition and metabolism" 336:, which instead recommends a low-fat diet. 142:), as well as low carbohydrate foods (e.g. 26: 6562: 6164: 6157: 6141: 6127: 6119: 5414: 5400: 5392: 4945: 4456: 4368: 4354: 4346: 4029:Jaminet P, Jaminet SC (11 December 2012). 4024: 4022: 3685:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2678:Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019 2534:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1749: 1747: 1507: 1505: 1300:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1217:"Top 5 worst celeb diets to avoid in 2018" 1211: 1209: 1207: 1149: 1147: 665:, and can make it difficult to get enough 362:Low-carbohydrate diet advocates including 59:Diets restricting carbohydrate consumption 4308:(1st ed.). Victory Belt Publishing. 4267: 4182: 4172: 4089:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 10–11. 3961: 3852: 3696: 3146: 3097: 3048: 2999: 2915: 2866: 2856: 2807: 2758: 2748: 2695: 2604: 2555: 2545: 2405: 2353: 2312: 2302: 2253: 2243: 2124: 2086: 2084: 2064: 1815: 1558: 1442: 1401: 1352: 1311: 1266: 999: – Biosynthesis of glucose molecules 4062:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 80. 3306:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 125, 138–139. 2630:Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 1869: 1867: 1865: 1863: 944:ketogenic low-carbohydrate high-fat diet 698:reported on the results of treating two 568:. Ketosis can have other causes such as 32:This is an accepted version of this page 4330: 2495:Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2487: 2485: 2156: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2148: 2146: 2144: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1785: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1043: 470:and less fruits and vegetables rich in 253:is a food that is low in carbohydrates. 28: 4004: 3441:from the original on 24 September 2017 2669: 2667: 2207:from the original on 23 September 2019 1949: 1947: 1910:European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1843:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 259. 1586:from the original on 27 September 2019 1513:"Healthy Weight—The truth about carbs" 709:promoted a low-carb diet in his book, 389:American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 4150: 4148: 4146: 4144: 3463:Allen FM, Fitz R, Stillman E (1919). 3252:from the original on 26 December 2007 2712:from the original on 18 December 2018 2467:from the original on 21 December 2018 2440:from the original on 24 February 2024 2020:from the original on 23 December 2018 1962:from the original on 24 December 2018 1519:from the original on 21 December 2018 1132:from the original on 13 February 2020 1057: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1011: – Fad diet using a feeding tube 167:American Academy of Family Physicians 90:. Foods high in carbohydrates (e.g., 7: 6103: 5353: 3758:from the original on 9 December 2011 3283:from the original on 1 December 2007 1756:Nutrition Concepts and Controversies 1223:from the original on 6 February 2020 958:very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet 525:of people who have type 2 diabetes. 86:consumption relative to the average 18:Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 5295:Fruits & Veggies – More Matters 4083:Abrams R, Abrams V (23 July 2019). 4035:. Simon and Schuster. p. 156. 3197:from the original on 29 August 2013 2739:(Professional society guidelines). 2475:– via The Stationery Office. 4103:from the original on 22 April 2023 3732:from the original on 17 March 2019 3176:. Homoeopathic Publishing Company. 2041:"Dietary fat: From foe to friend?" 1649:"Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)" 57: 3816:from the original on 8 March 2012 3660:from the original on 17 June 2022 3380:. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 118. 3376:L'Esperance FA, James WA (1981). 3312:10.1163/ej.9789004172500.i-195.11 1192:from the original on 19 July 2018 976:issued a scientific statement on 776:Connecticut State Medical Society 312:and most green-leafy vegetables. 6765: 6764: 6102: 6092: 6091: 5814:The Good Carbohydrate Revolution 5372: 5362: 5352: 5343: 5342: 4333: 4129:from the original on 2 July 2019 3646:10.1001/jama.1973.03220240055018 3605:10.1001/jama.1963.63710010013014 3473:from the original on 10 May 2017 1989:from the original on 2 July 2019 1248:"Dietary therapies for epilepsy" 1108:Last AR, Wilson SA (June 2006). 864:For the epilepsy treatment, see 380:Laura and John Arnold Foundation 334:Dietary Guidelines for Americans 3752:"PBS News Hour: Low Carb Craze" 3121:Hu T, Bazzano LA (April 2014). 1981:Barclay E (20 September 2012). 938:very low-calorie ketogenic diet 838:Dr. Atkins' New Diet Revolution 358:Carbohydrate-insulin hypothesis 3954:10.1002/14651858.CD001903.pub5 3566:Jameson G, Williams E (2004). 2459:Public Health England (2015). 2434:American College of Cardiology 2109:10.1002/14651858.CD013334.pub2 1431:Journal of Clinical Lipidology 1017: – Diet that limits stool 479:American College of Cardiology 1: 6346:Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin 5941:Protein-sparing modified fast 3041:10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30135-X 2585:European Journal of Nutrition 2507:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.07.006 1954:Belluz J (20 February 2018). 1560:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31809-9 1021:Protein-sparing modified fast 786:Modern low-carbohydrate diets 515:American Diabetes Association 395:National Institutes of Health 249:Like other leafy vegetables, 211:Definition and classification 5519:Lamb chop and pineapple diet 5442:Banana and skimmed milk diet 4269:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001031 3526:Martinis & Whipped Cream 3216:Renee L (28 February 2015). 3139:10.1016/j.numecd.2013.12.008 2858:10.1371/journal.pone.0234027 2304:10.1371/journal.pone.0225348 1874:Nonas CA, Dolins KR (2012). 1754:Sizer FS, Whitney E (2016). 1246:Kossoff EH, Wang HS (2013). 1175:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.056 322:National Academy of Medicine 205:British Dietetic Association 5305:Latin American Diet Pyramid 5285:Dairy Council of California 4740:Gluten-free and casein-free 4304:Lowery R, Wilson J (2017). 3804:Schooler L (22 June 2004). 3524:Petrie S, Stone RB (1966). 3493:Hill LW, Eckman RS (1915). 1154:Thom G, Lean M (May 2017). 807:Dr. Atkins' Diet Revolution 6817: 5846:Activated charcoal cleanse 5315:Mediterranean Diet Pyramid 4770:Low-fiber/low-residue diet 4221:10.1007/s11154-019-09514-y 4174:10.1186/s12916-023-02874-y 3570:. San Francisco: Cameron. 3277:Weston A. Price Foundation 2941:Journal of Sports Sciences 2890:Burke LM (February 2021). 2800:10.1007/s00125-021-05577-2 2676:"5. Lifestyle Management: 1444:10.1016/j.jacl.2019.08.003 1032: – American physician 1015:Low-fiber/low-residue diet 974:American Heart Association 863: 789: 225:National Lipid Association 61: 6760: 6156: 6086: 5381:Health and fitness portal 5338: 4387: 3812:. National Public Radio. 3029:The Lancet. Public Health 2896:The Journal of Physiology 2597:10.1007/s00394-018-1636-y 2008:Waite E (8 August 2018). 1721:World Health Organization 1619:10.1007/s12020-018-1580-x 1354:10.1016/j.nut.2014.06.011 1114:American Family Physician 640:Wernicke's encephalopathy 6734:Slimming for the Million 5695:Slimming for the Million 4661:Bodybuilding supplements 2992:10.1177/2324709618796261 2461:Carbohydrates and Health 2398:10.1093/advances/nmaa006 2355:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz174 1798:(Scientific statement). 1723:. 2003. pp. 55–56. 1268:10.4103/2319-4170.107152 1110:"Low-carbohydrate diets" 909:micronutrient deficiency 887:and minerals to prevent 195:for weight loss through 39:latest accepted revision 6643:The Cruise Control Diet 6471:William Heneage Ogilvie 6316:Frederick Madison Allen 5911:Time-restricted feeding 5809:Seed oil misinformation 5740:The Cruise Control Diet 5330:Vegetarian Diet Pyramid 4633:Ovo-lacto vegetarianism 3720:Beck L (17 July 2018). 3568:The Drinking Man's Diet 3499:. Boston: W.M. Leonard. 3451:124th Annual Convention 2953:10.1080/026404197367272 2066:10.1126/science.aau2096 772:Frederick Madison Allen 711:The Physiology of Taste 652:acute coronary syndrome 623:and general weakness". 399:falsified by experiment 235:National Health Service 6801:Low-carbohydrate diets 6531:Rollin Turner Woodyatt 6476:Frederick William Pavy 6341:Apollinaire Bouchardat 6150:Low-carbohydrate diets 5946:The Fast Way To Health 5891:Fasting mimicking diet 5300:Healthy eating pyramid 4846:Time Restricted Eating 4730:Fluid restriction diet 3907:10.1542/peds.2006-2447 2579:Brouns F (June 2018). 2342:European Heart Journal 761:Frederick William Pavy 757:Apollinaire Bouchardat 686: 378:With funding from the 254: 191:. It became a popular 80:Low-carbohydrate diets 76: 6501:Vilhjalmur Stefansson 6481:Mynie Gustav Peterman 6068:List of food faddists 6042:Very-low-calorie diet 4800:Specific carbohydrate 4692:Very-low-calorie diet 4086:Keto Diet For Dummies 3854:10.1161/hc4001.096152 3698:10.1093/ajcn/34.3.362 3190:Lectures on dietetics 2386:Advances in Nutrition 2172:(Systematic review). 2099:(Systematic Review). 1922:10.1038/ejcn.2016.260 1808:10.1210/er.2017-00111 1700:on 12 September 2006. 1313:10.1093/ajcn/86.2.276 827:complex carbohydrates 790:Further information: 684: 461:Cardiovascular health 248: 197:celebrity endorsement 74: 6684:Calories Don't Count 6608:Modified Atkins diet 6526:Russell Morse Wilder 6461:Louis Harry Newburgh 6436:John Fletcher Little 6331:James Lomax Bardsley 6180:Richard K. Bernstein 5951:The Last Chance Diet 5906:Intermittent fasting 5886:Enzyme-Catalyst Diet 5866:Chase Dietary Method 5764:High-carbohydrate / 5640:Calories Don't Count 4745:Intermittent fasting 3881:American Kidney Fund 3785:on 28 September 2007 3528:. Parker Publishing. 2986:: 2324709618796261. 2690:(Suppl 1): S46–S60. 1030:Richard K. Bernstein 1023: – Type of diet 950:modified Atkins diet 854:American Kidney Fund 823:simple carbohydrates 753:James Lomax Bardsley 707:Jean Brillat-Savarin 536:Exercise and fatigue 510:of type 2 diabetes. 474:and micronutrients. 216:Macronutrient ratios 158:, and other fibrous 6689:Drinking Man's Diet 6648:Wahls Protocol Diet 5745:Wahls Protocol Diet 5645:Drinking Man's Diet 5601:Uric-acid free diet 5544:Morning banana diet 5430:Food-specific diets 4710:Calorie restriction 3429:Steiner WR (1916). 2849:2020PLoSO..1534027B 2547:10.1093/ajcn/nqy096 2295:2020PLoSO..1525348D 2057:2018Sci...362..764L 1841:Textbook of Obesity 967:medical supervision 813:The concept of the 798:Drinking Man's Diet 770:In the early 1900s 648:thiamine deficiency 626:In a comprehensive 468:animal source foods 455:calorie restriction 417:Mediterranean diets 178:calorie restriction 29:Page version status 6536:Cecil Webb-Johnson 6521:Walter L. Voegtlin 6496:James H. Salisbury 6466:Felix von Niemeyer 6441:Richard Mackarness 6411:Kenneth C. Hutchin 6401:Francis W. E. Hare 6386:Carlton Fredericks 6366:Blake F. Donaldson 6037:The Cambridge Diet 6002:Hip and Thigh Diet 5477:Beverly Hills Diet 4625:Semi-vegetarianism 3726:The Globe And Mail 3539:Sander JB (2004). 3242:Banting W (1869). 3187:Einhorn M (1905). 2750:10.2337/dci19-0014 2245:10.3390/nu12123774 1661:on 19 October 2015 1553:(10170): 434–445. 1255:Biomedical Journal 1003:Insulin resistance 889:vitamin deficiency 842:Food manufacturers 690:First descriptions 687: 550:metabolic acidosis 316:Authority opinions 255: 77: 35: 6778: 6777: 6756: 6755: 6752: 6751: 6694:Eat and Grow Thin 6554: 6553: 6416:Elliott P. Joslin 6336:Franklin Bicknell 6270:Mauro Di Pasquale 6116: 6115: 6063:List of fad diets 6032:Tongue Patch Diet 6007:Immune Power Diet 5931:No Breakfast Plan 5861:Celery juice diet 5655:Eat and Grow Thin 5514:High-protein diet 5467:Egg and wine diet 5447:Cabbage soup diet 5389: 5388: 5266: 5265: 4935: 4934: 4508:Sustainable diets 4315:978-1-62860-104-6 4262:(23): e472–e487. 4096:978-1-119-57892-5 4069:978-0-323-37481-1 4042:978-1-4516-9916-6 3998:978-0-8261-4959-6 3847:(15): 1869–1874. 3640:(10): 1415–1419. 3577:978-0-918684-65-3 3552:978-1-61059-380-9 3412:978-1-350-05686-2 3387:978-0-8016-2948-8 3354:978-3-318-06733-0 3345:10.1159/000506554 3321:978-90-04-17250-0 3271:Groves B (2002). 3222:Los Angeles Times 3170:Morgan W (1877). 3090:10.1111/cas.15215 3031:(Meta-analysis). 2697:10.2337/dc19-S005 2642:10.1002/dmrr.3032 2632:(Meta-analysis). 2348:(34): 2870–2879. 2182:10.1111/obr.12744 2176:(12): 1700–1718. 2051:(6416): 764–770. 1885:978-0-470-65588-7 1850:978-0-470-65588-7 1796:Endocrine Reviews 1765:978-0-495-22011-4 1730:978-92-4-120916-8 1693:978-0-309-08537-3 1480:10.1111/obr.12405 1437:(5): 689–711.e1. 1394:10.1136/bmj.k2234 1120:(11): 1942–1948. 1076:10.1111/dme.13845 1064:Diabetic Medicine 846:restaurant chains 669:to stay healthy. 636:hyperosmolar coma 628:systematic review 447:systematic review 434:Endocrine Society 384:Manhattan Project 47:13 September 2024 16:(Redirected from 6808: 6768: 6767: 6744:Strong Medicine 6704:Hal Huggins diet 6653:Wheat Belly diet 6628:South Beach Diet 6603:Lectin-free diet 6573:Bulletproof diet 6563: 6541:Isaac Burney Yeo 6446:Michel Montignac 6275:David Perlmutter 6210:Andreas Eenfeldt 6165: 6158: 6143: 6136: 6129: 6120: 6106: 6105: 6095: 6094: 5987:Cotton ball diet 5901:Hippocrates Diet 5881:Eliminating Diet 5794:Nutritarian diet 5750:Wheat Belly diet 5725:Strong Medicine 5700:South Beach Diet 5660:Hal Huggins diet 5635:Bulletproof diet 5618:/ high-fat diets 5616:Low-carbohydrate 5564:Paleolithic diet 5539:Monotrophic diet 5529:Macrobiotic diet 5524:Lectin-free diet 5499:Gluten-free diet 5416: 5409: 5402: 5393: 5376: 5366: 5356: 5355: 5346: 5345: 4946: 4780:Monotrophic diet 4760:Low-carbohydrate 4725:Elimination diet 4671:Therapeutic food 4666:Meal replacement 4653:Supplement diets 4521:Planetary health 4457: 4393: 4370: 4363: 4356: 4347: 4338: 4337: 4329: 4319: 4290: 4289: 4271: 4247: 4241: 4240: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4186: 4176: 4152: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4080: 4074: 4073: 4053: 4047: 4046: 4026: 4017: 4016: 4010: 4002: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3965: 3933: 3927: 3926: 3890: 3884: 3877: 3871: 3870: 3856: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3823: 3821: 3801: 3795: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3781:. Archived from 3774: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3737: 3717: 3711: 3710: 3700: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3665: 3631: 3623: 3617: 3616: 3588: 3582: 3581: 3563: 3557: 3556: 3542:The Martini Diet 3536: 3530: 3529: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3507: 3501: 3500: 3489: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3448: 3446: 3426: 3417: 3416: 3398: 3392: 3391: 3373: 3367: 3366: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3299: 3293: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3268: 3262: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3239: 3233: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3184: 3178: 3177: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3150: 3118: 3112: 3111: 3101: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3052: 3035:(9): e419–e428. 3020: 3014: 3013: 3003: 2971: 2965: 2964: 2936: 2930: 2929: 2919: 2908:10.1113/JP278928 2887: 2881: 2880: 2870: 2860: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2811: 2779: 2773: 2772: 2762: 2752: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2699: 2671: 2662: 2661: 2625: 2619: 2618: 2608: 2591:(4): 1301–1312. 2576: 2570: 2569: 2559: 2549: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2489: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2472: 2456: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2426: 2420: 2419: 2409: 2377: 2368: 2367: 2357: 2333: 2327: 2326: 2316: 2306: 2274: 2268: 2267: 2257: 2247: 2223: 2217: 2216: 2214: 2212: 2206: 2167: 2158: 2139: 2138: 2128: 2088: 2079: 2078: 2068: 2036: 2030: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2005: 1999: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1978: 1972: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1951: 1942: 1941: 1905: 1890: 1889: 1871: 1858: 1857: 1836: 1830: 1829: 1819: 1787: 1770: 1769: 1751: 1742: 1741: 1740:on 4 April 2003. 1739: 1733:. Archived from 1718: 1708: 1702: 1701: 1696:. Archived from 1677: 1671: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1660: 1653: 1645: 1639: 1638: 1602: 1596: 1595: 1593: 1591: 1585: 1562: 1544: 1535: 1529: 1528: 1526: 1524: 1509: 1500: 1499: 1463: 1457: 1456: 1446: 1422: 1416: 1415: 1405: 1373: 1367: 1366: 1356: 1332: 1326: 1325: 1315: 1291: 1285: 1284: 1279:. Archived from 1270: 1252: 1243: 1237: 1236: 1230: 1228: 1213: 1202: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1191: 1169:(7): 1739–1751. 1163:Gastroenterology 1160: 1151: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1137: 1105: 1099: 1098: 1059: 1026: 905:high cholesterol 852:in 2001 and the 656:anxiety disorder 644:optic neuropathy 451:publication bias 352:South Beach diet 306:Brussels sprouts 21: 6816: 6815: 6811: 6810: 6809: 6807: 6806: 6805: 6781: 6780: 6779: 6774: 6748: 6699:Grapefruit diet 6662: 6638:The 4-Hour Body 6550: 6511:Herman Tarnower 6456:Bernhard Naunyn 6431:Victor Lindlahr 6391:John M. Freeman 6376:Wilhelm Ebstein 6361:Eustace Chesser 6356:Arnaldo Cantani 6326:William Banting 6304: 6220:David Gillespie 6195:Maryanne Demasi 6152: 6147: 6117: 6112: 6082: 6051: 5997:Hallelujah Diet 5977:Blood type diet 5965: 5956:Wheatgrass diet 5823: 5819:The Thrive Diet 5759: 5735:The 4-Hour Body 5610: 5509:Grapefruit diet 5425: 5420: 5390: 5385: 5334: 5272: 5262: 5164: 5140: 5132: 5124: 5116: 5108: 5100: 5092: 5084: 5062: 4931: 4913: 4870: 4804: 4702: 4696: 4680:Non-solid diets 4675: 4647: 4619: 4605:Milk substitute 4584: 4576: 4530:Religious diets 4525: 4502: 4476: 4446: 4391: 4383: 4377:Human nutrition 4374: 4344: 4332: 4324: 4322: 4316: 4303: 4299: 4297:Further reading 4294: 4293: 4249: 4248: 4244: 4205: 4204: 4200: 4154: 4153: 4142: 4132: 4130: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4106: 4104: 4097: 4082: 4081: 4077: 4070: 4055: 4054: 4050: 4043: 4028: 4027: 4020: 4003: 3999: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3948:(6): CD001903. 3935: 3934: 3930: 3892: 3891: 3887: 3878: 3874: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3819: 3817: 3810:Morning Edition 3803: 3802: 3798: 3788: 3786: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3761: 3759: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3735: 3733: 3719: 3718: 3714: 3678: 3677: 3673: 3663: 3661: 3625: 3624: 3620: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3578: 3565: 3564: 3560: 3553: 3538: 3537: 3533: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3509: 3508: 3504: 3492: 3490: 3486: 3476: 3474: 3462: 3461: 3457: 3444: 3442: 3428: 3427: 3420: 3413: 3400: 3399: 3395: 3388: 3375: 3374: 3370: 3355: 3334: 3333: 3329: 3322: 3301: 3300: 3296: 3286: 3284: 3270: 3269: 3265: 3255: 3253: 3241: 3240: 3236: 3226: 3224: 3215: 3214: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3186: 3185: 3181: 3169: 3168: 3164: 3120: 3119: 3115: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3022: 3021: 3017: 2973: 2972: 2968: 2938: 2937: 2933: 2889: 2888: 2884: 2843:(6): e0234027. 2830: 2829: 2825: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2715: 2713: 2673: 2672: 2665: 2627: 2626: 2622: 2578: 2577: 2573: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2491: 2490: 2483: 2470: 2468: 2458: 2457: 2453: 2443: 2441: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2379: 2378: 2371: 2335: 2334: 2330: 2289:(1): e0225348. 2276: 2275: 2271: 2225: 2224: 2220: 2210: 2208: 2204: 2170:Obesity Reviews 2165: 2160: 2159: 2142: 2103:(1): CD013334. 2090: 2089: 2082: 2038: 2037: 2033: 2023: 2021: 2007: 2006: 2002: 1992: 1990: 1980: 1979: 1975: 1965: 1963: 1953: 1952: 1945: 1907: 1906: 1893: 1886: 1873: 1872: 1861: 1851: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1789: 1788: 1773: 1766: 1753: 1752: 1745: 1737: 1731: 1716: 1710: 1709: 1705: 1694: 1679: 1678: 1674: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1651: 1647: 1646: 1642: 1604: 1603: 1599: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1542: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1522: 1520: 1511: 1510: 1503: 1468:Obesity Reviews 1465: 1464: 1460: 1424: 1423: 1419: 1375: 1374: 1370: 1334: 1333: 1329: 1293: 1292: 1288: 1283:on 1 June 2018. 1250: 1245: 1244: 1240: 1226: 1224: 1215: 1214: 1205: 1195: 1193: 1189: 1158: 1153: 1152: 1145: 1135: 1133: 1107: 1106: 1102: 1061: 1060: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1024: 997:Gluconeogenesis 986: 869: 862: 794: 788: 765:Arnaldo Cantani 718:William Banting 692: 679: 593:adverse effects 558: 538: 523:kidney function 504:type 2 diabetes 492:type 1 diabetes 488: 463: 426: 412: 407: 360: 318: 243: 218: 213: 201:adverse effects 180:and adherence. 67: 60: 55: 54: 53: 52: 51: 50: 34: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6814: 6812: 6804: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6783: 6782: 6776: 6775: 6773: 6772: 6761: 6758: 6757: 6754: 6753: 6750: 6749: 6747: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6729:Scarsdale diet 6726: 6724:Salisbury diet 6721: 6719:Montignac diet 6716: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6670: 6668: 6664: 6663: 6661: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6635: 6633:Sugar Busters! 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6598:Ketogenic diet 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6578:Carnivore diet 6575: 6569: 6567: 6560: 6556: 6555: 6552: 6551: 6549: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6516:Vance Thompson 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6451:Michael Mosley 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6351:Lauder Brunton 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6312: 6310: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6280:Fred Pescatore 6277: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6260:Aseem Malhotra 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6171: 6169: 6162: 6154: 6153: 6148: 6146: 6145: 6138: 6131: 6123: 6114: 6113: 6111: 6110: 6100: 6087: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6059: 6057: 6053: 6052: 6050: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5973: 5971: 5967: 5966: 5964: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5926:Master Cleanse 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5896:Fat Flush Plan 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5851:Breatharianism 5848: 5843: 5837: 5835: 5829:Detoxification 5825: 5824: 5822: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5784:McDougall diet 5781: 5776: 5770: 5768: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5730:Sugar Busters! 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5690:Scarsdale diet 5687: 5685:Salisbury diet 5682: 5680:Montignac diet 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5621: 5619: 5612: 5611: 5609: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5587: 5586: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5549:Mucusless Diet 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5490: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5472:Food combining 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5452:Carnivore diet 5449: 5444: 5439: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5426: 5421: 5419: 5418: 5411: 5404: 5396: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5383: 5370: 5360: 5350: 5339: 5336: 5335: 5333: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5310:French paradox 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5276: 5274: 5268: 5267: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5174: 5172: 5166: 5165: 5163: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5072: 5070: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5033:Selenocysteine 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4954: 4952: 4943: 4937: 4936: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4929: 4923: 4921: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4894:Master Cleanse 4891: 4886: 4880: 4878: 4872: 4871: 4869: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4812: 4810: 4806: 4805: 4803: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4706: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4689: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4657: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4629: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4591: 4589: 4578: 4577: 4575: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4533: 4531: 4527: 4526: 4524: 4523: 4518: 4512: 4510: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4484: 4482: 4481:Regional diets 4478: 4477: 4475: 4474: 4469: 4463: 4461: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4375: 4373: 4372: 4365: 4358: 4350: 4343: 4342: 4321: 4320: 4314: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4292: 4291: 4242: 4198: 4140: 4114: 4095: 4075: 4068: 4048: 4041: 4018: 3997: 3977: 3928: 3885: 3872: 3827: 3796: 3769: 3743: 3712: 3691:(3): 362–366. 3671: 3618: 3583: 3576: 3558: 3551: 3545:. Fair Winds. 3531: 3516: 3511:Air Force Diet 3502: 3484: 3455: 3418: 3411: 3393: 3386: 3368: 3353: 3327: 3320: 3294: 3263: 3234: 3208: 3179: 3162: 3133:(4): 337–343. 3113: 3084:(2): 744–755. 3078:Cancer Science 3064: 3015: 2966: 2947:(3): 265–275. 2931: 2902:(3): 819–843. 2882: 2823: 2774: 2743:(5): 731–754. 2723: 2663: 2620: 2571: 2540:(2): 300–331. 2520: 2481: 2451: 2421: 2392:(4): 815–833. 2369: 2328: 2269: 2218: 2140: 2080: 2031: 2000: 1973: 1943: 1916:(3): 323–326. 1891: 1884: 1859: 1849: 1831: 1802:(4): 267–296. 1771: 1764: 1743: 1729: 1703: 1692: 1672: 1640: 1613:(3): 383–387. 1597: 1530: 1501: 1474:(6): 499–509. 1458: 1417: 1368: 1327: 1306:(2): 276–284. 1286: 1238: 1203: 1143: 1100: 1070:(3): 326–334. 1042: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1033: 1027: 1018: 1012: 1006: 1000: 994: 987: 985: 982: 954: 953: 947: 941: 935: 932:ketogenic diet 897:stunted growth 877:drug-resistant 873:ketogenic diet 866:Ketogenic diet 861: 860:Ketogenic diet 858: 815:glycemic index 787: 784: 691: 688: 678: 675: 557: 554: 537: 534: 487: 484: 462: 459: 425: 422: 411: 408: 406: 405:Health aspects 403: 359: 356: 317: 314: 242: 239: 217: 214: 212: 209: 185:ketogenic diet 64:Ketogenic diet 58: 56: 36: 30: 27: 25: 24: 23: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6813: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6771: 6763: 6762: 6759: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6739:Stillman diet 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6671: 6669: 6665: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6623:Rosedale diet 6621: 6619: 6618:Protein Power 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6588:Hamptons Diet 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6570: 6568: 6564: 6561: 6557: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6506:Herman Taller 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6421:Lelord Kordel 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6396:Vince Gironda 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6321:Robert Atkins 6319: 6317: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6307: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6255:Robert Lustig 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6235:Ronald Krauss 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6225:Steven Gundry 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6205:Michael Eades 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6190:William Davis 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6166: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6144: 6139: 6137: 6132: 6130: 6125: 6124: 6121: 6109: 6101: 6099: 6098: 6089: 6088: 6085: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6073:Pseudoscience 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6054: 6048: 6047:Werewolf diet 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5974: 5972: 5968: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5916:Juice fasting 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5830: 5826: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5799:Pritikin diet 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5774:Engine 2 Diet 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5766:low-fat diets 5762: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5720:Stillman diet 5718: 5716: 5715:Rosedale diet 5713: 5711: 5710:Protein Power 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5665:Hamptons Diet 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5613: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5585: 5582: 5581: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5559:No-Aging Diet 5557: 5555: 5554:Mushroom diet 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5494:Fruitarianism 5492: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5474: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5437:Alkaline diet 5435: 5434: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5417: 5412: 5410: 5405: 5403: 5398: 5397: 5394: 5382: 5379: 5375: 5371: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5359: 5351: 5349: 5341: 5340: 5337: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 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4881: 4879: 4877: 4873: 4867: 4866:U.S. military 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4807: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4720:Diabetic diet 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4707: 4705: 4699: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4684: 4682: 4678: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4650: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4630: 4628: 4626: 4622: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4600:Meat analogue 4598: 4596: 4595:Fruitarianism 4593: 4592: 4590: 4588: 4583: 4582:Vegetarianism 4579: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4528: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4513: 4511: 4509: 4505: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4493:Mediterranean 4491: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4479: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4449: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4392:Main articles 4390: 4389: 4386: 4382: 4381:healthy diets 4378: 4371: 4366: 4364: 4359: 4357: 4352: 4351: 4348: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4327: 4317: 4311: 4307: 4302: 4301: 4296: 4287: 4283: 4279: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4246: 4243: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4202: 4199: 4194: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4151: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4141: 4128: 4124: 4118: 4115: 4102: 4098: 4092: 4088: 4087: 4079: 4076: 4071: 4065: 4061: 4060: 4052: 4049: 4044: 4038: 4034: 4033: 4025: 4023: 4019: 4014: 4008: 4000: 3994: 3990: 3989: 3981: 3978: 3973: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3932: 3929: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3901:(3): 535–43. 3900: 3896: 3889: 3886: 3882: 3876: 3873: 3869: 3864: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3831: 3828: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3800: 3797: 3784: 3780: 3773: 3770: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3744: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3716: 3713: 3708: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3675: 3672: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3622: 3619: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3587: 3584: 3579: 3573: 3569: 3562: 3559: 3554: 3548: 3544: 3543: 3535: 3532: 3527: 3520: 3517: 3512: 3506: 3503: 3498: 3497: 3488: 3485: 3472: 3468: 3467: 3459: 3456: 3452: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3408: 3404: 3397: 3394: 3389: 3383: 3379: 3372: 3369: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3331: 3328: 3323: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3298: 3295: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3267: 3264: 3251: 3247: 3246: 3238: 3235: 3223: 3219: 3212: 3209: 3196: 3192: 3191: 3183: 3180: 3175: 3174: 3166: 3163: 3158: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3117: 3114: 3109: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3068: 3065: 3060: 3056: 3051: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3019: 3016: 3011: 3007: 3002: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 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Enig 6371:Dan Duchaine 6250:Max Lugavere 6245:David Ludwig 6240:Frank Lipman 6200:Pierre Dukan 6185:Jorge Cruise 6168:Contemporary 6149: 6090: 6017:Seed cycling 6012:Maker's Diet 5961:Wigmore diet 5630:Banting diet 5615: 5591:Rhubarb diet 5584:Raw veganism 5487:Fit for Life 5457:Clean eating 5378:Food portal, 5290:Food pyramid 5271:Nutritional 4759: 4715:Cardiac diet 4703:restrictions 4687:Liquid diets 4305: 4259: 4255: 4245: 4212: 4208: 4201: 4164: 4161:BMC Medicine 4160: 4131:. Retrieved 4117: 4105:. Retrieved 4085: 4078: 4058: 4051: 4031: 3987: 3980: 3945: 3941: 3931: 3898: 3894: 3888: 3875: 3866: 3844: 3840: 3830: 3818:. Retrieved 3809: 3799: 3789:28 September 3787:. Retrieved 3783:the original 3777:Reinberg S. 3772: 3760:. Retrieved 3746: 3734:. Retrieved 3725: 3715: 3688: 3684: 3674: 3662:. Retrieved 3637: 3633: 3621: 3599:(1): 50–60. 3596: 3592: 3586: 3567: 3561: 3541: 3534: 3525: 3519: 3510: 3505: 3495: 3487: 3475:. Retrieved 3465: 3458: 3450: 3443:. 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Retrieved 1117: 1113: 1103: 1095: 1067: 1063: 972:In 2021 the 971: 963:serum sodium 957: 955: 949: 943: 937: 931: 919: 913: 893:broken bones 870: 837: 835: 831:whole grains 812: 805: 795: 779: 769: 750: 715: 710: 704: 693: 671: 663:malnutrition 660: 632:case reports 625: 609:constipation 590: 586: 578:ketoacidosis 559: 539: 531: 527: 519:healthy diet 512: 501: 489: 476: 464: 439: 430:low-fat diet 427: 413: 387: 377: 373:Atkin's diet 368:David Ludwig 361: 345: 338: 319: 263: 256: 222: 219: 182: 171: 164: 84:carbohydrate 79: 78: 68: 46: 37:This is the 31: 6714:Kordel diet 6674:Atkins diet 6613:Pioppi Diet 6546:John Yudkin 6486:Karl Petrén 6426:John Latham 6406:Hal Huggins 6300:Terry Wahls 6290:Gary Taubes 6285:Barry Sears 6175:Dave Asprey 5992:Fletcherism 5982:Budwig diet 5876:Dubrow Diet 5856:Breuss diet 5789:Ornish diet 5705:Pioppi Diet 5675:Kordel diet 5625:Atkins diet 5579:Raw foodism 5574:Potato diet 5462:Cookie diet 4950:Amino acids 4889:Macrobiotic 4861:Raw foodism 4851:Liquid diet 4821:Cotton ball 4816:Entomophagy 4809:Other diets 4775:Low-protein 4735:Gluten-free 4643:Pollotarian 4638:Pescetarian 4472:Plant-based 4460:Basic types 4442:Staple food 4256:Circulation 4215:(1): 5–16. 4107:8 September 3841:Circulation 3820:18 December 3762:18 December 3754:. Pbs.org. 3437:: 176–184. 3287:22 November 2716:18 December 2501:: 124–131. 2471:21 December 2444:24 February 2024:23 December 1966:23 December 1523:21 December 1347:(1): 1–13. 1136:23 February 991:Atkins diet 819:blood sugar 800:. In 1972, 792:Atkins diet 601:bone health 424:Body weight 364:Gary Taubes 302:cauliflower 203:, with the 174:weight loss 6785:Categories 6667:Historical 6583:Dukan Diet 6491:John Rollo 6309:Historical 6295:Jeff Volek 6265:Tim Noakes 6230:Mark Hyman 6215:Jason Fung 6027:Swank diet 6022:Sensa diet 5936:Orthopathy 5871:Detox diet 5650:Dukan Diet 5569:Pegan diet 5504:Grape diet 5233:Phosphorus 5223:Molybdenum 5048:Tryptophan 5018:Methionine 5003:Isoleucine 4968:Asparagine 4856:Ninja diet 4790:Renal diet 4755:Low-FODMAP 4750:Low-sodium 4516:Low carbon 4167:(1): 196. 3895:Pediatrics 3736:9 November 3477:31 October 3445:30 October 2943:(Review). 2587:(Review). 2557:1887/75479 2047:(Review). 1912:(Review). 1719:. 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