159:
supported by its buoyancy on the sea surface. The pontoon type is flexible compared to other kinds of offshore structures, so that the elastic deformations are more important than their rigid body motions. Thus, hydroelastic analysis is uppermost in designing the pontoon-type VLFS. Together with the motion of the floating structure, the response of the structure to water waves and the impact on the entire fluid domain have to be studied.
499:, over the Dubai Creek, is 300 meters long. Singapore built the world’s largest floating performance stage at the Marina Bay, and is currently installing a mega floating fuel storage facility off Pulau Sebarok. South Korea is currently installing three floating islands on the Han River, to be used for convention centers, and another project at Seoul will function as hotel/convention center/customs site/quay.
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The decision highlights the risks confronting
Australian gas-export projects as they grapple with high costs and competition from North America and Russia, which are vying to provide Asian utilities with cleaner-burning fuels. Confidence in "floating" liquefied natural gas may also be diminishing—two
607:
Areas being studied in Mega-Float include the hydroelastic behavior of the unit, the mooring system response and durability, the connector system and its welded joints, the anti-corrosion system, the unit's effect on the surrounding sea waves which impact the nearby shoreline, and the unit's effect
162:
Pontoon-type VLFSs are also known in the literature as mat-like VLFSs because of their small draft in relation to the length dimensions. Very large pontoon-type floating structures are often called ‘mega-floats'. As a rule, the mega-float is a floating structure having at least one length dimension
150:
The semi-submersible-type VLFS has a raised platform above sea level using column tubes; it is more suitable for deployment in high seas with large waves. In open sea, where the waves are relatively large, the semi-submersible VLFS minimizes the effects of waves while maintaining a constant buoyant
201:
prototype was constructed in Tokyo Bay from 1998 to 1999. It was one kilometer in length and was primarily intended as a test vehicle, to research the loadings and responses of such installations. This project was substituted as a study project to provide more definite information about a proposed
494:
Japan constructed the Mega-Float (a floating runway in Tokyo bay); Japan also has floating fuel storage bases at
Shirashima and Kamigoto Islands, and floating ferry piers at Ujina port (Hiroshima). Several very long floating bridges are currently in use; three are located near Seattle, Washington
158:
The pontoon-type VLFS platform rests on the water surface and is intended for deployment in calm waters such as a cove, a lagoon or a harbor. Its basic element is a simple box structure; it usually offers high stability, low manufacturing cost and easy maintenance and repair. The pontoon type is
125:
VLFSs differ from watercraft in that most or all of the usable area is the top surface instead of the internal (hold) areas. Thus a useful VLFS will cover significant area. It can be constructed by joining the necessary number of floating units together. The design of the floating structure must
395:
for transport and storage. The Shell project was scheduled to begin processing gas in 2016. In
December 2018, Shell announced that the wells have been opened and the plant was ready to begin the initial phase of production. In June 2019, it reached a significant milestone, shipping its first
836:
130:
may be used to build the floating structure. The motion of the floating structure due to wind or wave action must be substantially neutralized, to ensure the safety of people and facilities on a VLFS, and to allow useful activities. VLFSs must be securely moored to the ocean bed.
163:
greater than 60 metres (200 ft) Horizontally large floating structures can be from 500 to 5,000 metres (1,600 to 16,400 ft) in length and 100 to 1,000 metres (330 to 3,280 ft) in width, with typical thickness of 2 to 10 metres (6.6 to 32.8 ft).
844:
206:, which was not built (an artificial island was instead constructed to support the runway). However the choice to build an airport on two islands composed of sand landfill has resulted in the Kansai Airport sinking several centimeters per year. (
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so the platform can hold its position for launch vehicle landing. This platform was first deployed in
January 2015 when SpaceX attempted a
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1026:
243:. The platform had an approximately 90 by 50 meters (300 ft × 160 ft) landing pad surface and was capable of precision
326:
186:
Some large floating structures that have been built include floating airports and floating landing platforms for returning rockets.
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span is 18 m (60 ft) and must not only land within the 52 m (170 ft)-wide barge deck, but must also deal with
921:
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Floating structures offer several advantages over more permanent structures which might extend from the shore into open water:
1319:
1019:
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207:
922:"GDF Suez, Santos Halt Innovative LNG Plan in Australia: Companies Say Offshore Conversion Project Not Commercially Viable"
1277:
1243:
292:" in November 2014. The ship is designed to hold position to within 3 meters (9.8 ft), even under storm conditions.
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A concept has been patented for a floating automotive parking barge with angled sides to deflect wind shear.
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on a solid surface after it was used to loft a contracted payload toward Earth orbit. The platform utilizes
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exploration in deep waters. They are fixed in place by column tubes, piles, or other bracing systems.
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1065:
867:"Shell floating LNG technology chosen by joint venture for Greater Sunrise project - Shell Worldwide"
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25:
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years before a Royal Dutch Shell PLC-owned vessel is due to begin processing gas for the first time.
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or huge living complexes. Some units have been constructed and are presently in operation.
419:
208:
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/air-space-magazine/how-to-save-a-sinking-airport-180968985/
63:
809:"Building on New Shepard, Blue Origin to pump a billion dollars into New Glenn readiness"
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concrete (prestressed or reinforced hybrid) or steel-concrete composite materials
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comport with safety and strength requirements, operating conditions, etc. Steel,
78:, to create industrial space, emergency bases, entertainment facilities (such as
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they are easy to construct, since much of the construction is completed onshore;
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619:"SpaceX Announces Spaceport Barge Positioned by Thrustmaster's Thrusters"
306:
the first successful landing of a rocket booster on a floating platform.
226:
1011:
521:"Very Large Floating Structures: Applications, Research and Development"
90:. Currently, several different concepts have been proposed for building
979:
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on the bay's prevailing currents, water quality, and marine ecosystems.
384:
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554:"9 of the World's Weirdest Floating Structures: floating golf course"
514:
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219:
171:
Many large floating structures have been conceptualized, including a
79:
51:
348:
20:
734:"SpaceX to attempt Falcon 9 booster landing on floating platform"
295:
On 8 April 2016, the first stage of the rocket that launched the
16:
Artificial islands used as infrastructure in aquatic environments
176:
59:
1015:
576:"9 of the World's Weirdest Floating Structures: floating farm"
392:
672:"Next Falcon 9 Launch Could See First-stage Platform Landing"
46:) are artificial islands, which may be constructed to create
596:
Very large floating structure — Mega-Float, completed 1999
337:
ship increases the likelihood of successful recovery in
302:
spacecraft, successfully landed on the drone ship named
980:
Hydroelastic
Analysis of Very Large Floating Structures
778:"SpaceX Rocket Makes Spectacular Landing on Drone Ship"
272:
to navigate and hold its precise position. The rocket
843:. U.S. Patent & Trademark Office. Archived from
1110:
1056:
1049:
991:
104:they do not cause silt deposition in deep harbors;
703:"SpaceX Plans to Start Reusing Rockets Next Year"
321:, and recover launched boosters downrange on the
313:is intending to make the first stage boosters of
837:"10,472,024 Floating parking barge for vehicles"
646:"SpaceX confirms CRS-5 launch slip to 6 January"
621:. Thrustmaster. 22 November 2014. Archived from
66:, storage facilities (for oil and natural gas),
139:Current VLFS designs fall into two categories:
1027:
598:. New Atlantis 2002, retrieved 1 October 2011
8:
179:, and habitable long-term living complexes (
214:Floating launch vehicle operations platform
151:force. Semi-submersible types are used for
1272:
1053:
1034:
1020:
1012:
993:"Chinese launch floating fortress project"
841:USPTO Patent Full-Text and Image Database
536:
101:they do not damage the marine eco-system;
807:Burghardt, Thomas (20 September 2018).
465:
107:they do not disrupt the ocean currents;
1128:Differential technological development
450:Floating cities and islands in fiction
890:
888:
288:first displayed a photograph of the "
7:
1217:Future-oriented technology analysis
990:Clover, Charles (14 August 2015).
644:Bergin, Chris (17 December 2014).
14:
756:"Autonomous spaceport drone ship"
701:Bullis, Kevin (25 October 2014).
331:floating movable landing platform
116:they are immune to seismic shock.
1271:
375:Floating LNG production facility
754:Musk, Elon (22 November 2014).
732:Dean, James (24 October 2014).
670:Foust, Jeff (25 October 2014).
383:was constructed to process and
290:autonomous spaceport drone ship
984:Delft University of Technology
982:, A.I. Andrianov, PhD thesis,
784:. 8 April 2016. Archived from
519:Wang, C.M.; Tay, Z.Y. (2011).
503:Very Large Floating Structures
363:, a floating garage moored in
32:Very large floating structures
1:
1244:Technology in science fiction
40:very large floating platforms
920:Kelly, Ross (19 June 2014).
538:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.007
400:cargo to customers in Asia.
204:Kansai International Airport
953:"Prelude starts production"
869:. Shell.com. Archived from
335:hydrodynamically-stabilized
304:Of Course I Still Love You,
261:to land the first stage of
1336:
1249:Technology readiness level
1185:Technological unemployment
84:mobile offshore structures
1267:
1232:Technological singularity
1192:Technological convergence
474:"DeltaSync floating city"
430:Submerged floating tunnel
231:floating landing platform
1076:Construction 3D printing
381:Shell floating LNG plant
1197:Technological evolution
1170:Exploratory engineering
345:Floating parking garage
1207:Technology forecasting
1202:Technological paradigm
1175:Proactionary principle
497:Floating Bridge, Dubai
455:Accommodation platform
445:Aerospace architecture
368:
113:installation is rapid;
28:
1320:Floating architecture
1133:Disruptive innovation
1043:Emerging technologies
707:MIT Technology Review
415:Floating wind turbine
398:liquefied natural gas
393:liquified natural gas
352:
327:ship that is underway
82:), recreation parks,
24:
1180:Technological change
1123:Collingridge dilemma
1066:3D concrete printing
525:Procedia Engineering
435:Mobile offshore base
270:position information
26:Mobile offshore base
1237:Technology scouting
1212:Accelerating change
926:Wall Street Journal
814:NASASpaceFlight.com
650:NASASpaceFlight.com
202:floating runway at
1315:Naval architecture
1254:Technology roadmap
835:Liollio, Zachary.
713:on 25 October 2014
682:on 25 October 2014
625:on 7 December 2014
369:
263:Falcon 9 Flight 14
256:controlled descent
222:contracted with a
74:power plants, for
29:
1305:Structural system
1287:
1286:
1106:
1105:
847:on 1 January 2020
410:Floating building
252:azimuth thrusters
76:military purposes
48:floating airports
1327:
1275:
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1222:Horizon scanning
1138:Ephemeralization
1081:Contour crafting
1054:
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957:www.shell.com.au
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788:on 20 April 2016
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709:. Archived from
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678:. Archived from
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501:Science Direct,
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425:Aircraft carrier
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199:floating airport
190:Floating airport
141:semi-submersible
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1310:Fluid mechanics
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574:Kiniry, Laura.
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552:Kiniry, Laura.
551:
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420:Heavy-lift ship
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241:launch vehicles
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92:floating cities
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974:External links
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896:"Prelude FLNG"
884:
873:on 29 May 2011
858:
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476:. Deltasync.nl
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323:Atlantic Ocean
249:diesel-powered
218:In the 2010s,
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135:Classification
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1259:Transhumanism
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900:www.shell.com
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284:. SpaceX CEO
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86:and even for
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37:
33:
27:
23:
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1276:
1163:Robot ethics
1058:Architecture
1001:. Retrieved
997:
962:19 September
960:. Retrieved
956:
947:
937:
936:
929:. Retrieved
925:
915:
905:19 September
903:. Retrieved
899:
875:. Retrieved
871:the original
861:
849:. Retrieved
845:the original
840:
830:
820:22 September
818:. Retrieved
812:
802:
790:. Retrieved
786:the original
781:
772:
760:. Retrieved
749:
737:. Retrieved
727:
715:. Retrieved
711:the original
706:
696:
684:. Retrieved
680:the original
675:
665:
653:. Retrieved
649:
639:
627:. Retrieved
623:the original
613:
603:
591:
579:. Retrieved
569:
557:. Retrieved
547:
528:
524:
502:
490:
478:. Retrieved
468:
378:
370:
329:acting as a
309:As of 2018,
308:
303:
294:
278:ocean swells
217:
195:
193:
185:
170:
167:Applications
161:
157:
149:
138:
124:
96:
43:
39:
35:
31:
30:
18:
1227:Moore's law
1158:Neuroethics
1153:Cyberethics
1093:Seasteading
931:30 December
851:19 February
762:23 November
655:18 December
629:23 November
440:Seasteading
389:natural gas
357: [
311:Blue Origin
274:landing leg
259:flight test
245:positioning
229:to build a
181:seasteading
173:golf course
56:breakwaters
1300:Watercraft
1294:Categories
1118:Automation
1098:Smog tower
1088:Domed city
739:27 October
717:26 October
686:25 October
676:Space News
581:28 October
559:28 October
480:27 October
461:References
365:Gothenburg
339:rough seas
282:GPS errors
196:Mega-Float
88:habitation
1148:Bioethics
1003:15 August
782:Phenomena
531:: 62–72.
495:USA. The
387:offshore
315:New Glenn
286:Elon Musk
224:Louisiana
153:petroleum
1071:Arcology
792:10 April
758:. SpaceX
404:See also
367:, Sweden
319:reusable
235:reusable
227:shipyard
121:Overview
877:10 June
505:, p. 63
385:liquify
354:P-Arken
333:. The
238:orbital
145:pontoon
80:casinos
52:bridges
1143:Ethics
1111:Topics
1050:Fields
998:ft.com
986:, 2005
325:via a
297:Dragon
220:SpaceX
143:, and
391:into
361:]
300:CRS-8
247:with
72:solar
64:docks
60:piers
44:VLFPs
38:) or
36:VLFSs
1278:List
1005:2015
964:2019
933:2014
907:2019
879:2011
853:2021
822:2018
794:2016
764:2014
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