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start of a session or of any counsellor's term. Rather, new counsellors appear to have begun their terms whenever they were able to reach
Philadelphia following their elections. The general election at that time was held on the second Tuesday in October and most counsellors took office in late October or in November. In most instances it is easy to fix the date on which a particular counsellor's term began, as the Minutes of the Council will note that on a particular date a particular gentleman was administered the oath and admitted to his seat. Many counsellors had sporadic attendance, and several were absent for a year or more at a time. This was particularly true of representatives from the distant western counties, although the phenomenon was certainly not limited to those gentlemen. Some counsellors simply sat out the last several months of their terms, their names disappearing from the Minutes by late summer or early autumn. Thus, the following list of counsellors generally notes only the day on which each began his term; unless indicated otherwise it is assumed that each term extended to the beginning of the next, regardless of the incumbent's actual attendance. Counsellors were accorded the title of
888:. For example, Redick's supposed acting presidency spanned the final three weeks of Dr. Franklin's presidential term. Franklin's three-year term as counsellor from the City of Philadelphia was to expire on or around October 17, 1788—two weeks before the conclusion of his final one-year presidential term on October 31. The 1776 Constitution is not specific on the matter, but as the president and vice-president were chosen from among the members of the Council, it appears that most presidents chose to leave that office, or were replaced, prior to the expiration of their term as counsellor, rather than have an executive preside over a body of which he was no longer a member. Thus, these "acting presidencies" may have spanned the period between the
930:
counsellors and
Assemblymen were elected by eligible citizens. Routine elections involved a joint ballot of the Council and the General Assembly. Several other elections were held to fill vacancies resulting from resignation; these involved only a vote by the Council rather than a joint ballot with the Assembly. More often than not, records do not list contenders (other than the winners) or vote tallies, saying simply that a particular gentleman was duly elected president and another vice-president. Presidents and vice-presidents were elected to one-year terms. They could be reelected, but their term as president or vice-president could not (in theory) extend beyond the end of their three-year term as counsellor.
893:
the office during those final weeks not only would he have been presiding beyond the end of his term as counsellor but also beyond the three-year term limit established by the 1776 Constitution. The official minutes of the
Council contain no indication that the president in any of these situations (Moore, Dickinson and Franklin, respectively) had formally left, relinquished or been removed from office; nonetheless during these periods the president
3332:
916:-Presidency—at least officially—even after leaving his seat on the Council. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania reports that Biddle's vice-presidential term extended to October 31, 1787, at which time Peter Muhlenberg succeeded him in that office. However, Biddle's term as counsellor from Berks County ended eighteen days earlier, on October 13, when he was succeeded in
654:). The longest vice-presidential term was that of George Bryan; he served over two and a half years, although he also served as de facto acting president for six months concurrent with his vice-presidential term. The shortest term was that of Matthew Smith, who served for twelve days in October 1779.
605:
contains a series of east-west streets named in honor of
Pennsylvania's presidents and early governors. Moving south on South 25th Street are Wharton, Reed and Dickinson Streets. (Bryan, never officially elected to the office, is omitted.) The next street south of Dickinson appears as Franklin Street
1379:
With the
Council set to be dissolved in December 1790, a provision of the new state constitution allowed counsellors and council officers whose terms would have expired that autumn to remain in office until December 21, rather than hold elections for new counsellors who would sit for only one or two
432:
president.) Several figure prominently in the history of
Pennsylvania, but none more so than Dr. Benjamin Franklin. His presidency was one of his last acts of public service, and he died less than two years after leaving office. Franklin was also the longest-serving president, having held the office
872:
During George Bryan's "term" as acting president, the office of president was, in fact, vacant—Thomas
Wharton died May 23, 1778, and an election to choose his successor was not held until December 1—due perhaps to the Council's evacuation to Lancaster during that time. At over seven months, Bryan's
904:
A similar situation occurred at the end of Joseph Reed's presidency. Reed was succeeded as counsellor from
Philadelphia County by John Bayard on October 16, 1781 but ostensibly remained president until William Moore took office on November 15. Yet no claims of an "acting presidency" have been made
892:
end of one presidency (due to term limits) and the formal election of a successor. Franklin, for instance, was succeeded as counsellor for the City of
Philadelphia by Samuel Miles on October 20, but his presidency officially did not end until November 5. If Franklin did indeed continue to exercise
439:
end of his term, suggesting that the aging
Franklin was not actively involved in affairs of state toward the end of his presidency. (This is certainly not a consensus view, as other sources report that all actions of the Council during his term had Franklin's approval, even if that meant convening
1364:
Counsellors were elected to represent each county in Pennsylvania as well as the city of Philadelphia. They were elected to three-year terms. Many served less than a full three, while others appear to have served slightly more. The Council sat year-round and there was no specific date set for the
1333:
until the day following his election. Section 40 of the 1776 Constitution stipulates: "Every officer, whether judicial, executive or military, in authority under this commonwealth, shall take the following…oath of office before he enters on the execution of his office," meaning that an individual
860:
With the exception of Bryan, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania makes no such distinction, and its listing of the state's early governors includes neither Potter, Biddle, nor Redick. (presidents of Pennsylvania are sometimes included in the listing of former governors). None of these men (including
1930:, rather than to an elected official.) The executive branch of the state government has been headed by a governor since that time. The 1790 Constitution made no provision for a lieutenant governor. Upon the death or resignation of the governor the office would be assumed by the Speaker of the
929:
The first election of a president and vice-president of Pennsylvania took place March 5, 1777, the day after the Council first convened. Thereafter, leadership elections took place in the fall, generally in November, following the popular election (held the second Tuesday in October) in which
1913:
A constitutional convention was called in 1789 and a new state constitution was adopted the following year. The 1790 Constitution did away with the Supreme Executive Council and vested supreme executive power in the office of governor. On December 21, 1790 Thomas Mifflin, the last
1380:
months. Also, a review of the dates on which a particular county's counsellors began their terms will reveal several instances in which more than three years elapsed between the start of successive terms. It is uncertain whether the seat technically became vacant after
1334:
could not assume the duties of his office before taking the necessary oath. Cross referencing the election dates above with the preceding listings of terms in office will thus reveal several slight discrepancies, all resulting from a delayed administration of the oath:
427:
Seven men served as president of the Supreme Executive Council. (One, George Bryan, was never elected to the position, but today is considered by the Commonwealth to have been a full-fledged governor of Pennsylvania, perhaps due to the length of his term as
1393:
The home counties of two early counsellors, John Evans and John Lowdan, has not yet been determined. Both were sitting when the Council first convened on March 4, 1777. It appears that one likely represented Chester County and the other
125:
executive branch of the Pennsylvanian state government between 1777 and 1790. It was headed by a president and a vice president (analogous to a governor and lieutenant governor, respectively). The best-known member of the Council was
1328:
Throughout the history of the Council it was standard practice for newly elected presidents and vice-presidents to take office immediately upon election. However, there were a few instances in which an individual did not take the
920:
office by James Read. Furthermore, Biddle was elected secretary of the Council on October 23, a clerical position that likely would not have been assumed by one who was also an officer of the Council and a high state official.
416:, ahead of the British occupation of Philadelphia in the fall of 1777—the last meeting in Philadelphia took place on September 23 and the first in Lancaster on October 1. The Council returned to Philadelphia June 26, 1778.
610:. A city ordinance of 1858 changed the name of Franklin Street to its current name, Tasker Street. Moore Street, out of sequence, follows after one intervening street (Morris). Moore is followed by Mifflin Street,
407:
The Supreme Executive Council formally convened March 4, 1777. The first president and vice-president were elected the following day. The Council sat in the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia, now known as
2909:
400:
The 1776 Constitution stipulated that the Council meet at the same time and location as the General Assembly. In practice, the Council sat year-round: there was no formal cycle of sessions (e.g.
2954:
2369:
880:
The situations of the three other "acting presidents" is less clear, although there are some similarities. In each instance the president was replaced—or due to be replaced—as his county's
2220:
300:
in other documents.) The president and vice-president of the Council were chosen from those twelve counsellors, elected to one-year terms by an annual joint ballot of the Council and the
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the Council at Franklin's home.) The shortest term was that of George Bryan, who served as acting president for just over six months. Although these men may be referred to properly as
3383:
2364:
2646:
2424:
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706:
527:
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as those counties were established. Many of these counties occupied considerably different and often much larger territories in the late 18th century than they presently.
1384:
three years or if the incumbent's term extended to the start of his successor's, even if this meant exceeding the three-year term limit imposed by the 1776 Constitution.
3378:
2706:
2671:
2681:
2621:
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151:
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2741:
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absent from council meetings, which were thus overseen by the vice-president. This suggests that any "interim administration" was established quietly and "
2631:
2586:
1611:
93:
1356:
elections of men who had already been sworn into office at the start of their previous term and which thus caused no delay. These are not noted here.
163:
2711:
1658:
2095:
2013:
2656:
2207:
2174:
1719:
1537:
752:
722:
690:
412:. It met in what had been the Governor's Council Chamber during British rule. The Executive Council, along with the General Assembly, moved to
2651:
1416:
737:
1799:
1574:
1558:
814:
3358:
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1934:. (This position no longer exists.) The office of lieutenant governor was created by the 1873 State Constitution and first occupied (by
643:
242:
3368:
2756:
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1744:
3307:
3237:
2766:
2751:
2616:
445:
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206:
139:
83:
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198:"For the present the supreme executive council of this state shall consist of twelve persons chosen in the following manner..."
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and the eleven counties existing at that time each elected a representative to sit on the Council. These eleven counties were
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3147:
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174:. The latter includes 47 sections, several of which deal with the formation and function of the Supreme Executive Council.
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Street (the latter being Pennsylvania's second and third governors under the 1790 Constitution). Wharton Street borders
401:
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Counsellors were elected to three-year terms; the terms were staggered so that one third would be contested each year. (
270:
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185:
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2144:
Minutes of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, from its organization to the termination of the Revolution.
155:
1348:
No reasons for the delays are noted in the minutes of the Council. Neither set of dates involved a conflict with the
448:, and they are often included in lists of those who have held the latter title. Presidents and vice-presidents were
3302:
3282:
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3027:
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Ordinances and Joint Resolutions of the Select and Common Councils of the Consolidated City of Philadelphia, 1858
1931:
1410:
449:
222:
143:
622:, although it is not clear if the park is named after Thomas Wharton or another member of his prominent family.
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2501:
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512:
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2240:
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1935:
1349:
627:
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Bryan) was given the title of acting president during his time in office—each continued to be addressed as
2879:
2556:
2506:
2336:
631:
181:
2561:
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2521:
2476:
2461:
2438:
2384:
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1951:
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2819:
2486:
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2010:
1776:
1509:
554:
607:
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2626:
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had been used during the Colonial era, although it referred to the appointed representative of the
1692:
2959:
2929:
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2491:
2434:
2404:
2359:
1441:
602:
477:
381:
122:
45:
2904:
2844:
2829:
2814:
2809:
1546:
1422:
623:
566:
127:
17:
642:
Similarly, the office of Vice-President of Pennsylvania is analogous to the modern office of
2944:
2859:
1947:
1845:
783:
319:
2834:
2399:
2099:
2046:
2028:
2017:
1759:
166:. The Constitution was adopted September 28 of the same year. The document included both
909:-Presidency during this interim period, immediately prior to his election as president.
2969:
2884:
2864:
2414:
1839:
1642:
1468:
1459:
1330:
869:
only after the fact. (And, regarding all but Bryan, the honor is strictly unofficial.)
768:
646:. Of the ten men who held the office, two succeeded to the presidency (the first—Bryan—
579:
542:
70:
3352:
2869:
2389:
1577:(February 9, 1779; withdrew a few days later due to questions regarding his election)
611:
323:
2039:
288:
is the spelling used in the Constitution itself, although the word is also rendered
2934:
2536:
2311:
2306:
2187:
2146:. Harrisburg, Pub. by the State, 1852-53. Vol XI, pp 173-175; Vol XIII, pp 111-114.
2103:
2021:
1927:
1822:
1782:
1605:
1428:
1404:
799:
674:
615:
493:
147:
2919:
2824:
1805:
1453:
1344:
James Potter, elected vice-president November 14, 1781, took office November 15.
404:) and no specific date for the start of term of councilors or council officers.
339:
2152:
2914:
2541:
453:
209:(at that time a governmental entity distinct from the City of Philadelphia),
1341:
William Moore, elected president November 14, 1781, took office November 15.
365:
ensure that the laws and other acts of the General Assembly were carried out
329:
fill offices vacant due to death, resignation, removal, or disqualification
1918:
of Pennsylvania, took office as the state's first governor. (The title of
2126:
898:
558:
435:
385:
352:
345:
1338:
George Bryan, elected vice-president March 5, 1777, took office March 6.
877:
considered a full-fledged governor by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
1923:
1367:
835:
At least one source credits four vice-presidents with having served as
369:
356:
189:
1208:
October 10, 1785 meeting that elected Biddle to the vice-presidency.
391:
the Council was ordered to keep an accurate record of its proceedings
360:
419:
The Council was replaced by a single governor on December 21, 1790.
561:; he did not formally relinquish that title until January 12, 1783
372:
and prohibit the export of any commodity (in certain circumstances)
2068:
315:
168:
A Declaration of the Rights of the Inhabitants of the Commonwealth
1699:
seat vacant approximately one year due to election irregularities
433:
for slightly over three years. There is some question about the
162:
on July 15, 1776, less than two weeks following adoption of the
2156:
2072:
845:
George Bryan (acting president May 23, 1778 – December 1, 1778)
854:
David Redick (acting president October 14 – November 5, 1788)
608:
Barnes' New Map of the Consolidated City of Philadelphia, 1855
590:
became first governor of Pennsylvania under 1790 Constitution
1206:
Dickinson's name does not appear in council minutes after the
119:
Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
37:
Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
1904:
Dr. John Wilkins Jr. (November 20, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
848:
James Potter (acting president October 8 – November 7, 1782)
2050:
1204:
it is not clear why a replacement for Dickinson was needed.
1811:
Nathaniel Breading (November 19, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
1865:
Christopher Kucher (November 1, 1787 – December 21, 1790)
1893:
Benjamin Elliott (December 30, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
2065:
Text of 1776, 1790, and 1838 Pennsylvania Constitutions
912:
Similarly, Charles Biddle appears to have retained the
1496:
Richard Willing (October 16, 1788 – December 21, 1790)
1481:
John Mackey (McKay, MacKay, Macky) (November 21, 1777)
1731:
William Wilson (October 23, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
1676:
Jonas Hartzell (October 20, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
1623:
Frederick Watt (October 26, 1787 – December 21, 1790)
851:
Charles Biddle (acting president October 10–18, 1785)
717:
became president of Council following his term as VP
1851:
Zebulon Potts (October 16, 1788 – December 21, 1790)
1828:
Abraham Smith (October 24, 1787 – December 21, 1790)
1706:
James Martin (November 12, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
2978:
2790:
2585:
2447:
2345:
2274:
2206:
1950:, a similar joint-executive arrangement during the
1788:
Henry Taylor (December 3, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
1716:
Capt. John Hambright (Hambidght) (November 4, 1777)
1277:to fill vacancy following Muhlenberg's resignation
335:
prepare business to present to the General Assembly
304:(the state legislature), usually held in November.
107:
99:
89:
79:
69:
59:
51:
41:
36:
1954:possibly inspired by the Supreme Executive Council
1879:Lord Butler (October 30, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
1592:Samuel Edie (October 25, 1787 – December 21, 1790)
1586:Richard McCallister (McAlister) (October 26, 1784)
444:their office is analogous to the modern office of
310:The Council and its president were given power to
1975:and, where state affiliation was understood, The
1648:James Read (October 13, 1787 – December 21, 1790)
1521:Amos Gregg (October 21, 1788 – December 21, 1790)
348:and remit fines (except in cases of impeachment)
1589:Andrew Bellmeyer (Billmeyer) (January 19, 1787)
1186:to fill vacancy following Irvine's resignation
1026:to fill vacancy following Bryan's resignation
3384:State executive councils of the United States
2168:
2104:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
1773:Dorsey (Dorset) Pentecost (November 19, 1781)
8:
1608:(McClean, M'Lean, McLean) (November 9, 1778)
1444:(March 4, 1777; died in office May 23, 1778)
1670:Stephen Balliot(Balliet) (November 3, 1783)
1352:. There were other instances that involved
2175:
2161:
2153:
932:
656:
459:
130:, who also served as its sixth president.
2139:
2137:
2135:
1973:Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania
380:the president of council was to serve as
1876:Col. Nathan Denison, Jr. (March 2, 1787)
3379:Pennsylvania in the American Revolution
2003:
1964:
1762:(November 25, 1789 – December 21, 1790)
1617:John Buyers (Byers) (November 20, 1781)
1324:Discrepant dates and the oath of office
983:(note: only election held in Lancaster)
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2040:Text of 1776 Pennsylvania Constitution
2011:Text of 1776 Pennsylvania Constitution
1756:John Baird (Beard) (November 17, 1786)
1664:Jacob Arndt (Orndt) (November 8, 1777)
1561:(October 16, 1787 – December 21, 1790)
1471:(October 20, 1788 – December 21, 1790)
1431:(October 20, 1788 – December 21, 1790)
33:
2073:California University of Pennsylvania
2060:
2058:
1753:Bernard Dougherty (November 11, 1783)
1750:Christopher Hayes (February 17, 1781)
884:before the completion of his term as
7:
3374:Lieutenant governors of Pennsylvania
634:, were named after John Dickinson.
94:Colonial Government of Pennsylvania
1639:Sebastian Levan (October 31, 1781)
1543:James Cunningham (January 5, 1781)
1515:George Wall Jr. (October 29, 1782)
25:
1862:William Brown (November 14, 1785)
1728:William McClay (October 23, 1786)
1667:John VanCampen (November 4, 1780)
29:Former government of Pennsylvania
3330:
1633:Jacob Morgan (September 3, 1777)
1620:Jonathan Hoge (November 3, 1784)
1490:John McDowell (November 2, 1782)
507:President upon death of Wharton
84:Pennsylvania Constitution (1776)
2093:Prior Governors of Pennsylvania
1890:John Cannon (November 21, 1787)
1703:George Woods (November 1, 1787)
1686:Thomas Urie (November 14, 1777)
1673:Robert Trail (October 23, 1786)
158:. The convention began work in
1689:John Piper (November 17, 1780)
1602:Jonathan Hoge ( March 4, 1777)
1583:James Ewing (October 26, 1781)
1571:Jason Edgar (November 4, 1777)
1518:Samuel Dean (November 1, 1785)
873:tenure was such that today he
18:Vice-President of Pennsylvania
1:
1725:John Boyd (November 25, 1783)
1493:Evan Evans (October 28, 1785)
1465:Henry Hill (October 17, 1785)
64:Pennsylvania General Assembly
1741:John Proctor (March 4, 1777)
1580:Mr. Thompson (March 8, 1779)
1531:John Hubley (March 10, 1777)
402:110th United States Congress
338:serve as judges on cases of
332:correspond with other states
154:called at the urging of the
2022:Pennsylvania State Archives
1695:(Mason) (November 12, 1783)
1506:Joseph Hart (July 23, 1777)
184:power shall be vested in a
172:Plan or Frame of Government
164:Declaration of Independence
3400:
3359:Government of Pennsylvania
2045:November 26, 2007, at the
1534:John Bailey (June 2, 1777)
638:Vice-presidents of Council
442:Presidents of Pennsylvania
3369:Governors of Pennsylvania
3326:
2805:Allegheny National Forest
2712:North Huntingdon Township
2194:
1977:Supreme Executive Council
1636:James Read (July 1, 1778)
152:constitutional convention
2657:Lower Makefield Township
905:for Moore, who held the
3364:History of Pennsylvania
3337:Pennsylvania portal
2652:Lower Macungie Township
2370:Harrisburg–York–Lebanon
2129:, accessed May 1, 2007.
1720:Brig. Gen. James Potter
628:Dickinson School of Law
414:Lancaster, Pennsylvania
249:. Seats were added for
80:Constituting instrument
2925:Pennsylvania Highlands
2251:Notable Pennsylvanians
2127:Pennsylvania Governors
2016:June 21, 2004, at the
632:Carlisle, Pennsylvania
396:Meeting place and time
46:Directorial government
2762:Upper Merion Township
2667:Lower Paxton Township
2662:Lower Merion Township
2415:Scranton‑Wilkes-Barre
2027:May 23, 2006, at the
1952:French First Republic
1711:Northumberland County
423:Presidents of Council
2757:Upper Darby Township
2707:Northampton Township
2425:Washington-Baltimore
2098:May 1, 2007, at the
1399:City of Philadelphia
925:Leadership elections
601:The neighborhood of
326:, and other officers
156:Continental Congress
2800:Allegheny Mountains
2767:Warminster Township
2752:Tredyffrin Township
2682:Middletown Township
2617:Cheltenham Township
2365:Harrisburg–Carlisle
2266:Tourist attractions
1785:(November 20, 1786)
1779:(November 11, 1783)
1747:(November 29, 1777)
1736:Westmoreland County
1722:(November 16, 1780)
1614:(December 28, 1779)
1555:(December 22, 1784)
1510:Gen. John Lacey Jr.
1450:(November 24, 1778)
1436:Philadelphia County
1388:List of counsellors
831:"Acting" presidents
650:, the second—Moore—
644:Lieutenant Governor
620:Wharton Square Park
388:forces of the state
121:was the collective
2960:Susquehanna Valley
2930:Pennsylvania Wilds
2777:Whitehall Township
2687:Millcreek Township
2647:Hempfield Township
2642:Haverford Township
2622:Cranberry Township
1971:Also known as The
1848:(October 24, 1785)
1842:(October 15, 1784)
1825:(February 2, 1785)
1808:(November 2, 1786)
1802:(November 6, 1784)
1653:Northampton County
1645:(October 30, 1784)
1549:(October 21, 1783)
1538:Col. Matthew Smith
1512:(October 28, 1779)
1487:(October 23, 1779)
1485:Dr. Joseph Gardner
1462:(November 4, 1782)
1456:(October 16, 1781)
1425:(October 17, 1785)
1419:(October 14, 1782)
1413:(October 18, 1779)
603:South Philadelphia
478:Thomas Wharton Jr.
382:commander in chief
3344:
3343:
2905:North Penn Valley
2845:Endless Mountains
2830:Cumberland Valley
2815:Bald Eagle Valley
2810:Allegheny Plateau
2602:Bensalem Township
2597:Abington Township
1981:Executive Council
1909:1790 Constitution
1884:Huntingdon County
1833:Montgomery County
1777:Gen. John Neville
1767:Washington County
1597:Cumberland County
1547:Samuel John Atlee
1423:Benjamin Franklin
1321:
1320:
1300:November 11, 1789
1252:Benjamin Franklin
1235:Benjamin Franklin
1217:Benjamin Franklin
1195:Benjamin Franklin
1123:James Potter (34)
1115:James Potter (32)
1079:November 14, 1781
1071:General Lacey (1)
1061:William Moore (1)
1053:November 14, 1780
1031:November 11, 1779
968:November 21, 1777
963:initial election
837:acting presidents
828:
827:
822:December 21, 1790
727:November 15, 1781
714:November 14, 1781
711:November 11, 1779
624:Dickinson College
594:
593:
587:December 21, 1790
574:November 5, 1788
567:Benjamin Franklin
532:November 15, 1781
520:November 15, 1781
410:Independence Hall
320:attorneys general
140:1776 Constitution
134:1776 Constitution
128:Benjamin Franklin
115:
114:
16:(Redirected from
3391:
3335:
3334:
3333:
2950:Ridge and Valley
2945:Pocono Mountains
2860:Laurel Highlands
2672:Manheim Township
2637:Hampden Township
2612:Bristol Township
2177:
2170:
2163:
2154:
2147:
2141:
2130:
2123:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2090:
2075:
2062:
2053:
2037:
2031:
2008:
1991:
1969:
1948:French Directory
1898:Allegheny County
1846:Peter Muhlenberg
1612:Robert Whitehill
1526:Lancaster County
1317:annual election
1295:annual election
1282:November 5, 1788
1266:October 14, 1788
1261:annual election
1257:Peter Muhlenberg
1248:October 31, 1787
1231:November 4, 1786
1226:annual election
1213:October 29, 1785
1191:October 18, 1785
1175:October 10, 1785
1170:annual election
1153:November 6, 1784
1148:annual election
1131:November 6, 1783
1126:annual election
1107:November 7, 1782
1102:annual election
1099:James Ewing (28)
1089:James Potter (1)
1074:annual election
1069:James Potter (6)
1048:annual election
1015:October 11, 1779
1010:annual election
997:George Bryan (1)
989:December 1, 1778
981:annual election
933:
867:Acting President
819:November 5, 1788
807:November 5, 1788
804:October 14, 1788
791:October 14, 1788
788:October 31, 1787
784:Peter Muhlenberg
776:October 31, 1787
773:October 10, 1785
760:October 10, 1785
757:November 6, 1784
745:November 6, 1784
742:November 7, 1782
730:November 7, 1782
698:October 23, 1779
695:October 11, 1779
682:October 11, 1779
657:
584:November 5, 1788
571:October 18, 1785
550:October 18, 1785
547:November 7, 1782
535:November 7, 1782
517:December 1, 1778
501:December 1, 1778
460:
302:General Assembly
150:was framed by a
34:
21:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3340:
3331:
3329:
3322:
2974:
2875:Mahoning Valley
2835:Delaware Valley
2786:
2742:Spring Township
2737:Shaler Township
2727:Ridley Township
2722:Radnor Township
2588:
2581:
2443:
2341:
2270:
2202:
2190:
2181:
2151:
2150:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2120:
2113:
2109:
2100:Wayback Machine
2091:
2078:
2063:
2056:
2051:Yale Law School
2047:Wayback Machine
2038:
2034:
2029:Wayback Machine
2018:Wayback Machine
2009:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1944:
1911:
1900:(erected 1788)
1886:(erected 1787)
1872:(erected 1786)
1858:(erected 1785)
1835:(erected 1784)
1818:(erected 1784)
1816:Franklin County
1795:(erected 1783)
1769:(erected 1781)
1760:William Findley
1661:(March 4, 1777)
1407:(March 4, 1777)
1390:
1377:
1362:
1326:
1313:
1306:
1207:
1205:
1197:
1166:
1159:
1144:
1137:
1122:
1114:
1098:
1090:
1088:
1087:James Ewing (1)
1086:
1070:
1068:
1060:
1044:
1037:
1007:Joseph Hart (1)
1006:
998:
996:
927:
865:and was titled
833:
640:
599:
488:died in office
425:
398:
136:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3397:
3395:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3351:
3350:
3342:
3341:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3228:Northumberland
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2984:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2970:Wyoming Valley
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2885:Nittany Valley
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2865:Lebanon Valley
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2632:Falls Township
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2589:municipalities
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2449:Largest cities
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2292:Climate change
2289:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2157:
2149:
2148:
2131:
2118:
2107:
2076:
2054:
2032:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1943:
1940:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1870:Luzerne County
1867:
1866:
1863:
1856:Dauphin County
1853:
1852:
1849:
1843:
1840:Daniel Hiester
1830:
1829:
1826:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1793:Fayette County
1790:
1789:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1742:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1681:Bedford County
1678:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:Charles Biddle
1640:
1637:
1634:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1572:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1553:John Whitehill
1550:
1544:
1541:
1540:(May 28, 1778)
1535:
1532:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1507:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1482:
1476:Chester County
1473:
1472:
1469:Thomas Mifflin
1466:
1463:
1460:John Dickinson
1457:
1451:
1445:
1442:Joseph Wharton
1433:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1396:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1376:
1373:
1361:
1358:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1331:oath of office
1325:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1308:
1304:Thomas Mifflin
1301:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1286:Thomas Mifflin
1283:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:Charles Biddle
1237:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1222:Charles Biddle
1219:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1182:Charles Biddle
1179:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1161:
1157:John Dickinson
1154:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1139:
1135:John Dickinson
1132:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1116:
1111:John Dickinson
1108:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1092:
1091:John Lacey (1)
1080:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1062:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1000:
999:James Read (1)
990:
986:
985:
979:
974:
972:Thomas Wharton
969:
965:
964:
961:
956:
954:Thomas Wharton
951:
947:
946:
943:
942:Vice-President
940:
937:
926:
923:
899:off the record
863:Vice-President
858:
857:
856:
855:
852:
849:
846:
832:
829:
826:
825:
823:
820:
817:
811:
810:
808:
805:
802:
796:
795:
792:
789:
786:
780:
779:
777:
774:
771:
769:Charles Biddle
765:
764:
761:
758:
755:
749:
748:
746:
743:
740:
734:
733:
731:
728:
725:
719:
718:
715:
712:
709:
703:
702:
699:
696:
693:
687:
686:
683:
680:
677:
671:
670:
667:
664:
661:
660:Vice-President
639:
636:
598:
595:
592:
591:
588:
585:
582:
580:Thomas Mifflin
576:
575:
572:
569:
563:
562:
551:
548:
545:
543:John Dickinson
539:
538:
536:
533:
530:
524:
523:
521:
518:
515:
509:
508:
502:
499:
496:
490:
489:
486:
483:
480:
474:
473:
470:
467:
464:
454:His Excellency
424:
421:
397:
394:
393:
392:
389:
376:Additionally:
374:
373:
366:
363:
349:
342:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:naval officers
243:Northumberland
135:
132:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
73:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
55:Disestablished
53:
49:
48:
43:
39:
38:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3396:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3347:
3339:
3338:
3325:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2955:South Central
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:North Central
2898:
2896:
2895:Northern Tier
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2870:Lehigh Valley
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2840:Dutch Country
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2782:York Township
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2747:State College
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2732:Ross Township
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2420:State College
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2390:Lehigh Valley
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2200:
2199:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2178:
2173:
2171:
2166:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2145:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2007:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1958:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1908:
1903:
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1899:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
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1878:
1875:
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1864:
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1860:
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1827:
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1798:
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1787:
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1727:
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1718:
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1697:
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1691:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1659:George Taylor
1657:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1644:
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1638:
1635:
1632:
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1495:
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1470:
1467:
1464:
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1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1411:William Moore
1409:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1323:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1084:
1083:William Moore
1081:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1065:William Moore
1063:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:William Moore
1040:
1038:William Moore
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1022:Matthew Smith
1020:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1001:
994:
991:
988:
987:
984:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
967:
966:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:March 5, 1777
949:
948:
944:
941:
938:
935:
934:
931:
924:
922:
919:
915:
910:
908:
902:
900:
896:
891:
887:
883:
878:
876:
870:
868:
864:
853:
850:
847:
844:
843:
842:
841:
840:
838:
830:
824:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
809:
806:
803:
801:
798:
797:
793:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
778:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
762:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
747:
744:
741:
739:
736:
735:
732:
729:
726:
724:
721:
720:
716:
713:
710:
708:
707:William Moore
705:
704:
700:
697:
694:
692:
691:Matthew Smith
689:
688:
684:
681:
679:March 6, 1777
678:
676:
673:
672:
668:
665:
663:Start of term
662:
659:
658:
655:
653:
649:
645:
637:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
596:
589:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
573:
570:
568:
565:
564:
560:
556:
552:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
537:
534:
531:
529:
528:William Moore
526:
525:
522:
519:
516:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
500:
497:
495:
492:
491:
487:
484:
482:March 5, 1777
481:
479:
476:
475:
471:
468:
466:Start of term
465:
462:
461:
458:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
438:
437:
431:
422:
420:
417:
415:
411:
405:
403:
395:
390:
387:
383:
379:
378:
377:
371:
367:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
347:
343:
341:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:
311:
309:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
191:
187:
183:
180:"The supreme
179:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
133:
131:
129:
124:
120:
110:
106:
102:
98:
95:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
74:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:
44:
40:
35:
32:
27:
19:
3346:
3328:
3308:Westmoreland
3238:Philadelphia
2935:Penns Valley
2890:Northeastern
2855:Happy Valley
2850:Great Valley
2772:West Chester
2572:Williamsport
2567:Wilkes-Barre
2537:Philadelphia
2430:Williamsport
2400:Philadelphia
2307:Demographics
2196:
2188:Pennsylvania
2184:Commonwealth
2143:
2121:
2110:
2035:
2006:
1988:
1984:
1983:, or simply
1980:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1932:State Senate
1919:
1915:
1912:
1897:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1869:
1868:
1855:
1854:
1832:
1831:
1823:James McLene
1815:
1814:
1792:
1791:
1783:David Redick
1766:
1765:
1745:Thomas Scott
1735:
1734:
1710:
1709:
1698:
1693:Isaac Meason
1680:
1679:
1652:
1651:
1628:Berks County
1627:
1626:
1606:James McLene
1596:
1595:
1565:
1564:
1525:
1524:
1501:Bucks County
1500:
1499:
1475:
1474:
1435:
1434:
1429:Samuel Miles
1417:James Irvine
1405:George Bryan
1398:
1397:
1381:
1378:
1366:
1363:
1353:
1347:
1327:
1310:
1303:
1290:
1285:
1273:David Redick
1272:
1256:
1251:
1239:
1234:
1221:
1216:
1194:
1181:
1167:John Neville
1164:James Irvine
1163:
1160:John Neville
1156:
1141:
1134:
1118:
1110:
1095:James Potter
1094:
1082:
1064:
1056:
1041:
1034:
1021:
1003:George Bryan
1002:
992:
982:
977:George Bryan
976:
971:
959:George Bryan
958:
953:
928:
917:
913:
911:
906:
903:
894:
889:
885:
881:
879:
874:
871:
866:
862:
859:
836:
834:
800:David Redick
753:James Irvine
723:James Potter
675:George Bryan
651:
647:
641:
614:Street, and
600:
504:
498:May 23, 1778
494:George Bryan
485:May 23, 1778
452:
441:
434:
429:
426:
418:
406:
399:
375:
355:in cases of
307:
306:
297:
293:
289:
285:
283:
247:Westmoreland
207:Philadelphia
203:Philadelphia
201:The city of
200:
195:
194:
177:
176:
171:
167:
160:Philadelphia
148:Pennsylvania
144:Commonwealth
137:
118:
116:
31:
26:
3273:Susquehanna
3223:Northampton
2920:Oley Valley
2910:Ohio Valley
2825:Coal Region
2697:Mt. Lebanon
2692:Monroeville
2607:Bethel Park
2347:Metro areas
2327:LGBT rights
2287:Agriculture
2256:State parks
2221:Delegations
2125:listing of
1989:The Council
1938:) in 1875.
1806:John Smilie
1575:James Ewing
1566:York County
1559:George Ross
1454:John Bayard
1448:Joseph Reed
1375:Term limits
1360:Counsellors
1314:(unanimous)
1311:George Ross
1307:(unanimous)
1291:George Ross
1198:(unanimous)
1145:(unanimous)
1142:James Ewing
1138:(unanimous)
1119:James Ewing
1057:Joseph Reed
1035:Joseph Reed
993:Joseph Reed
815:George Ross
738:James Ewing
666:End of term
553:previously
513:Joseph Reed
469:End of term
340:impeachment
308:Section 20:
294:counsellors
290:councillors
286:Counsellors
235:Northampton
196:Section 19:
123:directorial
71:Term length
3353:Categories
3298:Washington
3253:Schuylkill
3213:Montgomery
3158:Lackawanna
3138:Huntingdon
3088:Cumberland
3068:Clearfield
2915:Oil Region
2820:Blue Ridge
2717:Penn Hills
2702:Norristown
2677:McCandless
2547:Pottsville
2542:Pittsburgh
2532:New Castle
2527:McKeesport
2502:Harrisburg
2497:Greensburg
2405:Pittsburgh
2226:Government
2198:Harrisburg
1998:References
1936:John Latta
1928:Proprietor
1800:John Woods
1045:James Read
882:Counsellor
630:, both in
298:councilors
275:Huntingdon
263:Montgomery
251:Washington
227:Cumberland
178:Section 3:
60:Reports to
3163:Lancaster
3148:Jefferson
2998:Armstrong
2993:Allegheny
2880:Main Line
2517:Lancaster
2512:Johnstown
2467:Bethlehem
2457:Allentown
2380:Lancaster
2375:Johnstown
2317:Education
2236:Geography
2201:(capital)
2102:from the
2069:Jim Means
2049:from the
2020:from the
1916:President
939:President
886:President
794:resigned
763:resigned
701:resigned
685:resigned
555:President
463:President
370:embargoes
353:reprieves
279:Allegheny
219:Lancaster
186:president
182:executive
108:Abolished
100:Formation
90:Precursor
3268:Sullivan
3263:Somerset
3188:Lycoming
3168:Lawrence
3123:Franklin
3098:Delaware
3083:Crawford
3078:Columbia
3023:Bradford
2980:Counties
2940:Piedmont
2557:Scranton
2507:Hazleton
2395:New York
2332:Politics
2322:Gambling
2282:Abortion
2096:Archived
2043:Archived
2025:Archived
2014:Archived
1942:See also
1920:governor
945:Purpose
890:de facto
648:de facto
626:and the
559:Delaware
446:governor
436:de facto
386:military
314:appoint
259:Franklin
3313:Wyoming
3288:Venango
3218:Montour
3203:Mifflin
3183:Luzerne
3173:Lebanon
3153:Juniata
3143:Indiana
3113:Fayette
3093:Dauphin
3073:Clinton
3063:Clarion
3058:Chester
3043:Cameron
3038:Cambria
3008:Bedford
2965:Western
2792:Regions
2587:Largest
2562:Sunbury
2552:Reading
2522:Lebanon
2477:Chester
2462:Altoona
2439:Hanover
2410:Reading
2385:Lebanon
2355:Altoona
2312:Economy
2297:Culture
2275:Society
2261:Symbols
2241:Geology
2231:History
2216:Outline
1985:Council
1926:or the
1924:monarch
1382:exactly
1368:Esquire
1350:sabbath
652:de jure
384:of the
357:treason
346:pardons
271:Luzerne
267:Dauphin
255:Fayette
239:Bedford
211:Chester
190:council
142:of the
3293:Warren
3258:Snyder
3248:Potter
3208:Monroe
3198:Mercer
3193:McKean
3178:Lehigh
3133:Greene
3128:Fulton
3118:Forest
3053:Centre
3048:Carbon
3033:Butler
3003:Beaver
2487:Easton
2482:DuBois
2472:Butler
2337:Sports
2208:Topics
1979:, The
669:Notes
616:Snyder
612:McKean
597:Legacy
505:Acting
472:Notes
450:styled
430:acting
361:murder
351:grant
344:grant
316:judges
296:, and
277:, and
245:, and
170:and a
75:1 year
52:Status
3303:Wayne
3283:Union
3278:Tioga
3233:Perry
3028:Bucks
3018:Blair
3013:Berks
2988:Adams
2627:Darby
2302:Crime
2067:from
1959:Notes
1394:York.
1097:(38)
1085:(64)
231:Berks
215:Bucks
3318:York
3243:Pike
3108:Erie
2577:York
2492:Erie
2435:York
2360:Erie
1121:(39)
1113:(41)
1067:(53)
1059:(59)
1005:(62)
995:(61)
936:Date
918:that
914:Vice
907:Vice
368:lay
359:and
223:York
188:and
138:The
117:The
111:1790
103:1777
42:Type
3103:Elk
2246:Law
2186:of
1987:or
901:".
895:was
606:on
557:of
192:."
146:of
3355::
2134:^
2079:^
2071:,
2057:^
1371:.
1354:re
875:is
839::
322:,
318:,
292:,
273:,
269:,
265:,
261:,
257:,
253:,
241:,
237:,
233:,
229:,
225:,
221:,
217:,
213:,
2437:-
2176:e
2169:t
2162:v
1269:–
1201:–
1178:–
1018:–
456:.
20:)
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