2375:
868:
66:
2357:
2323:
2341:
1176:
1018:
749:
2307:
44:
741:
2442:"Their bread like the prophets of old, was made of barley, millet and vetch and was of such miserable quality that once a visiting monk, lamenting sadly their plight, took away with him some of what had been set before him in the guest-house, that he might show to everybody the marvel of men, and such men, living on the like." (
705:
shared a bread-of-vetch meal with his monks during the famine of 1124 to 1126, as an emblem of humility. However, the bitter vetch largely was dropped from human use over time. It was only used to save as a crop of last resort in times of starvation: vetches "featured in the frugal diet of the poor
706:
until the eighteenth century, and even reappeared on the black market in the South of France during the Second World War", Maguelonne
Toussaint-Samat, of Marseillais background, has remarked. However, broad beans remained prominent. In the Near East the seeds are mentioned in
821:. That year, 560,077 acres were devoted to the cultivation of vetches in the world. Over 54% of that output came from Europe alone. Africa (17.8% of world total), Asia (15.6% of world total), Americas (10.6% of world total) and Oceania (1.8% of world total).
2589:
1073:
Cystathionine, an intermediary product of this biochemical pathway, is secreted in urine. This process can effectively lead to the depletion of vital protective reserves of the sulfur amino acid cysteine and thereby making
1151:), and has been occasionally mislabelled as such by exporters or importers to be sold for human consumption. In some countries where lentils are highly popular β e.g.,
683:) had also been domesticated. Vetch has been found at Neolithic and Eneolithic sites in Bulgaria, Hungary and Slovakia. And at the same time, at the opposite end of
3494:
3256:
3533:
1034:
The vetches grown as forage are generally toxic to non-ruminants (such as humans), at least if eaten in quantity. Cattle and horses have been poisoned by
3442:
3507:
3455:
3231:
2520:. Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture. Vol. 33 (1st ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 182β226.
3569:
2700:
2603:
2591:
Domestication of Plants in the Old World: The Origin and Spread of
Domesticated Plants in Southwest Asia, Europe, and the Mediterranean Basin
2533:
3702:
2417:
1429:
affecting vetches have been recorded on the broad bean, the most widely cultivated and economically significant species. They include the
3247:
3082:
3364:
2322:
3142:
3134:
2731:-inositol in the biosynthesis of raffinose β purification and characterization of galactinol: sucrose 6-galactosyltransferase from
2356:
3697:
3654:
2739:
2374:
608:
3481:
3369:
882:
The vetches also have a broad variety of other purposes. The Hairy Vetch has well-established uses as a green manure and as an
602:
3628:
904:
of aluminum in the dry plant (possibly more in the seeds), it might not be edible anymore. The robust plants are useful as a
610:
605:
600:
597:
595:
1327:
3512:
3520:
3196:
172:
871:
3252:
3338:
2677:
3633:
3582:
2905:
2851:
2793:
2563:
2495:
1449:
1442:
3538:
2986:
1453:
890:
3021:
Charlotte
Ressler; Jeanne Nelson & Morris Pfeffer (1964). "A pyridoxal-Ξ²-cyanoalanine relation in the rat".
3687:
2997:
2963:
2786:
2619:
Chester F. Gorman (1969). "Hoabinhian: a pebble tool complex with early plant associations in
Southeast Asia".
3587:
2340:
1475:
65:
3429:
2595:
940:
667:
659:
2426:. This is said to be a source of comfort for the country mouse after a disturbing insight into urban life.
3416:
3281:
3154:
3007:
1744:
1256:
674:
2898:"Occurrence of 4-Cl-indoleacetic acid in broad beans and correlation of its levels with seed development"
2123:
1468:
3434:
3421:
3190:
G. Laghetti; A. R. Piergiovanni; I. Galasso; K. Hammer & P. Perrino (2000). "Single-flowered vetch (
2176:
1901:
1490:
1113:
838:
696:
2166:
1919:
1638:
3460:
2556:
2488:
1548:
832:
3659:
3548:
3377:
3032:
3003:
2630:
2133:
2048:
2038:
1835:
1681:
1577:
1517:
1464:
1284:
1270:
1055:
1051:
966:
702:
632:
2288:
2250:
1891:
1865:
1845:
1782:
1772:
1708:
1100:
even in these animals. Moreover, common vetch as well as broad bean β and probably other species of
3104:
1855:
1762:
1457:
1244:
1167:β import bans on suspect produce have been established to prevent these potentially harmful scams.
949:
932:
722:
3074:
1698:
1691:
1618:
1559:
3641:
3574:
3213:
3056:
2654:
2539:
2306:
1587:
1363:
1311:
1140:
1096:) seeds; it can be fed in small quantities to ruminants, but its use as a staple food will cause
1058:. In common vetch, Ξ³-glutamyl-Ξ²-cyanoalanine has been found. The active part of this molecule is
1022:
1006:
850:
522:
503:. Member species are native to Europe, North America, South America, Asia and Africa. Some other
245:
60:
2585:
726:
1109:
1054:
for monogastric animals, while Narbon bean contains the quicker-acting but weaker Ξ³-glutamyl-S-
867:
3556:
3499:
3351:
3138:
3130:
3048:
2932:
2878:
2820:
2758:
2696:
2646:
2621:
2599:
2529:
2347:
2242:
1990:
1958:
1875:
1802:
1648:
1434:
1262:
992:
936:
844:
3610:
977:
3692:
3561:
3205:
3040:
3023:
2922:
2914:
2868:
2860:
2810:
2802:
2748:
2638:
2521:
2381:
2364:
2202:
2112:
2087:
2069:
1400:
1337:
897:
734:
492:
3260:
2952:"Identification of 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid and its methyl ester in immature seeds of
2406:
2330:
2191:
2143:
2102:
2079:
2011:
1947:
1726:
1667:
1659:
1628:
1607:
1502:
1390:
1194:
1181:
1092:
945:
924:
856:
754:
715:
564:
557:
485:
103:
2951:
2839:
3408:
3036:
2634:
3682:
2927:
2897:
2873:
2815:
2753:
2726:
1969:
1792:
1538:
1426:
1297:
1001:
824:
The bitter vetch, too, is grown extensively for forage and fodder, as are hairy vetch (
781:
671:
570:
in which the vetches are placed is named after the genus' current name. The true peas (
553:
90:
20:
3676:
2577:
2270:
2260:
1827:
1736:
1597:
974:
971:
954:
826:
711:
666:
about 9,500 years ago, starting perhaps even one or two millennia earlier during the
654:
222:
199:
3224:
3217:
3060:
2658:
2543:
1175:
1017:
3646:
3356:
3165:
2777:
2313:
2158:
2150:
2058:
1817:
1673:
1510:
1374:
1351:
1290:
1276:
1214:
1059:
883:
875:
861:
802:
768:
208:
52:
3330:
748:
3343:
3319:
2642:
2513:
1143:
and are somewhat poisonous if eaten raw. Split common vetch seeds resemble split
3620:
3525:
3468:
3313:
1939:
1232:
1228:
1190:
1125:
928:
913:
905:
730:
692:
216:
1758:β fava bean, broad bean, faba bean, horse bean, field bean, bell bean, tic bean
43:
3209:
2840:"Purification and characterization of sucrose synthase from the cotyledons of
2581:
2525:
1980:
1754:
1439:
1422:
1320:
1202:
1152:
1144:
1063:
1043:
1027:
886:
688:
679:
625:
540:
3304:
3403:
3390:
2457:
2422:
1210:
1206:
1097:
996:
984:
920:
663:
545:
511:
508:
159:
3600:
3052:
2950:
Masato
Katayama; Singanallore V. Thiruvikraman & Shingo Marumo (1987).
2936:
2882:
2824:
2650:
2864:
2762:
3595:
3298:
2462:
1410:
1164:
1117:
1067:
1047:
961:
893:
811:
789:
773:
707:
516:
496:
149:
116:
2956:(the tribe Vicieae), and their absence from three species of Phaseoleae"
2918:
2806:
3447:
2514:"A generic conspectus of the forage legumes of the Mediterranean basin"
1105:
909:
901:
740:
684:
567:
560:
481:
139:
3236:
3044:
3473:
2896:
Tanja Pless; Michael
Boettger; Peter Hedden & Jan Graebe (1984).
2413:
1883:
1385:
1218:
1198:
1137:
1133:
1121:
916:
818:
807:
797:
793:
785:
759:
527:
504:
489:
182:
129:
24:
3275:
1078:
seed a dangerous component in mixture with other toxin sources. The
552:; although not often used today, it is of historical importance in
3395:
2402:
1174:
1160:
1156:
1079:
1016:
958:
866:
747:
739:
719:
572:
477:
77:
3486:
1090:
contains common vetch and bitter vetch in addition to vetchling (
1430:
1236:
1129:
991:=6, the broad bean has a high DNA content, making it easy for a
714:
sources dating from more than 3,000 years ago as well as in the
514:
also have names containing "vetch", for example the vetchlings (
3279:
3382:
777:
2518:
Genetic
Resources of Mediterranean Pasture and Forage Legumes
691:
people also utilized the broad bean in their path towards
772:) has also risen to prominence. Together with broad bean
2455:
Usually translated simply as "beans"; the green beans (
784:
in the world. The main usage of the common vetch is as
1062:. It inhibits the conversion of the sulfur amino acid
1042:, two species that contain canavanine in their seeds.
980:-1 and -2 have been isolated from the latter species.
2691:
Maguelonne
Toussaint-Samat & Anthea Bell (2008).
896:
in its tissue; in polluted soils it may be useful in
576:) are among the closest living relatives of vetches.
16:
Genus of flowering plants in the bean family
Fabaceae
587:
3288:
3249:Neglected Crops: 1492 from a Different Perspective
817:In 2017, global production of vetches was 920,537
729:in Europe some 2,200 years ago. Dishes resembling
1201:or blue hues, but may be red or yellow; they are
2465:and were unknown in Europe before about 1500 AD.
1021:Molecular structure of leucoagglutinin, a toxic
953:, the species can also be productively grown in
23:. For the Scottish surname Veitch or Vetch, see
3269:The Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe
2715:Citation error. See inline comment how to fix.
1136:disease. At least broad beans also contain the
2992:species and their utilisation as grain legumes
1005:is used to test for the medically significant
2695:(2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. p. 36.
1084:
8:
1197:plants. Their flowers usually have white to
1185:) help to distinguish it from other species.
889:. As regards the broad bean, it is known to
800:, but there are other uses, as tufted vetch
3253:"Chapter 26: Grain legumes for animal feed"
2980:
2978:
2778:"Ξ³-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase of
1050:, has been identified in Hairy Vetch as an
3276:
2507:
2505:
2446:I.v.25, quoted in Williams (1952), p. 24.)
1456:, and several other virus species such as
1438:whose adults are found on broad bean, the
591:
42:
31:
3237:Mansfeld's database for cultivated plants
2926:
2872:
2814:
2752:
2512:Woodgate K, Maxted N, Bennett SJ (1999).
2274:β hairy vetch, fodder vetch, winter vetch
2154:β common vetch, narrow-leaved vetch, tare
1506:β American vetch, purple vetch, mat vetch
830:, also called fodder vetch), bard vetch (
970:and the broad bean, and since 1990, the
780:includes it among the 11 most important
534:, and were formerly classified in genus
3232:United States Department of Agriculture
2478:
2435:
2302:
1227:species are used as food plants by the
1193:of the indeterminate type and are thus
2838:H. A. Ross & H. V. Davies (1992).
2484:
2482:
1179:The branched tendrils of black vetch (
776:such as horse bean or field bean, the
677:β about 7,000 years ago β broad bean (
563:, the Fabaceae and the Faboideae. The
2418:The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse
1046:, a toxic analogue of the amino acid
237:
7:
3634:5f45e6a5-3f69-4e2e-b4bb-0e7e7a21b480
3549:3ea0d870-9738-4cd6-8987-b20c6ef6f3a2
3197:Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution
3267:R. Fitter & A. Collins (1974).
3083:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
2776:H. Matsuda & Y. Suzuki (1984).
499:), and which are commonly known as
3194:Hornem.): a relic crop in Italy".
3184:External links and further reading
2754:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb03039.x
2065:β upright vetch, wood bitter-vetch
1124:in quantities sufficient to lower
737:which was compiled before 400 AD.
14:
2725:L. Lehle & W. Tanner (1973).
2516:. In Bennett S, Cocks PS (eds.).
695:, as shown by the seeds found in
3588:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330034-2
2740:European Journal of Biochemistry
2412:The vetch is also referenced by
2373:
2355:
2339:
2321:
2305:
2094:β slender vetch, slender tare (=
860:) are cultivated for forage and
64:
19:For the neopagan tradition, see
766:In our time, the common vetch (
3129:. Cambridge University Press.
1367:) β recorded on tufted vetch (
1304:) β recorded on tufted vetch (
995:of its root tips to recognize
544:) is sometimes separated in a
1:
2672:Watkin Wynn Williams (1952).
2567:. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
2499:. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
1260:β only found on smooth tare (
173:Inverted repeat-lacking clade
3243:, 17 cultivated taxa listed)
2643:10.1126/science.163.3868.671
2405:; this was the name used by
2183:β French vetch (formerly in
1997:β Narbon bean, moor's pea (=
1318:) β recorded on broad bean (
1288:β recorded on tufted vetch (
1132:-deficient persons to cause
872:4-Chloroindole-3-acetic acid
3703:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
2678:Manchester University Press
2246:β smooth tare, smooth vetch
1328:Provençal short-tailed blue
937:rhodospirillacean bacterium
3721:
2674:Saint Bernard of Clairvaux
2564:Plants of the World Online
2496:Plants of the World Online
2328:Kashubian (Danzig) vetch (
2279:Plants formerly placed in
1488:
1450:clover yellow mosaic virus
1274:β recorded on bush vetch (
18:
2964:Plant and Cell Physiology
2526:10.1007/978-94-011-4776-7
1454:white clover mosaic virus
1189:Vetches have cylindrical
999:compounds. A lectin from
806:is grown as a mid-summer
332:Benth. and Hook f. (1865)
308:Medik. (1787) nom. illeg.
268:(Plitmann) Kupicha (1973)
251:
244:
234:
229:
214:
207:
61:Scientific classification
59:
50:
41:
34:
3125:Gledhill, David (2008).
1316:Gymnoscelis rufifasciata
927:invertebrates. When the
878:found in several vetches
660:first domesticated crops
3698:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
3210:10.1023/A:1008711022396
2596:Oxford University Press
2128:Fisch. & C. A. Mey.
1976:β single-flowered vetch
941:Azospirillum brasilense
668:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
556:as the namesake of the
520:) or the milk-vetches (
3008:University of Adelaide
1379:Phlogophora meticulosa
1302:Eupithecia centaureata
1257:Coleophora fuscicornis
1186:
1085:
1031:
879:
763:
745:
675:Linear Pottery culture
662:. It was grown in the
530:are included in genus
2865:10.1104/pp.100.2.1008
1932:sensu auct. fl. Cauc.
1777:Plitmann & Zohary
1655:β Carolina wood vetch
1178:
1020:
870:
854:and Hungarian vetch (
758:) is often grown for
751:
744:Worldwide vetch yield
743:
697:Spirit Cave, Thailand
670:. By the time of the
488:that are part of the
2985:D. Enneking (1994).
2461:) are native to the
2362:Pea-flowered vetch (
2209:β fine-leaved vetch
2119:β pea-flowered vetch
2039:Vicia onobrychioides
1999:V. serratifolia
1811:V. kitaibeliana
1745:Vicia esdraelonensis
1643:Boiss. & Balansa
1465:tobacco streak virus
1285:Chionodes lugubrella
1271:Paratalanta pandalis
1052:appetite suppressant
1040:V. benghalensis
957:. In the 1980s, the
851:V. benghalensis
839:V. serratifolia
733:are attested in the
703:Bernard of Clairvaux
3145:(paperback). pp 401
3127:The Names of Plants
3037:1964Natur.203.1286R
3031:(4951): 1286β1287.
2919:10.1104/pp.74.2.320
2807:10.1104/pp.76.3.654
2693:The History of Food
2635:1969Sci...163..671G
2416:in his account of "
2185:V. narbonensis
2124:Vicia pseudo-orobus
1965:β pygmyflower vetch
1703:Unger & Kotschy
1342:Polyommatus amandus
1263:V. tetrasperma
1245:Coleophora cracella
845:V. narbonensis
842:) and Narbon bean (
723:Oppidum of Manching
718:, and in the large
348:Tourn. ex L. (1753)
3259:2019-01-29 at the
3006:(Ag.Sc.) thesis).
2401:means 'binder' in
2365:V. pisiformis
2228:V. tenuifolia
2177:Vicia serratifolia
2096:V. tenuissima
1910:V. parviflora
1902:Vicia linearifolia
1588:Vicia benghalensis
1364:Lygephila pastinum
1344:) β only found on
1312:Double-striped pug
1187:
1141:phytohemagglutinin
1032:
1023:phytohemagglutinin
946:glomeracean fungus
931:of broad bean are
880:
833:V. articulata
764:
746:
538:. The broad bean (
3670:
3669:
3557:Open Tree of Life
3282:Taxon identifiers
3155:Satires II.6, 117
3105:"Kashubian Vetch"
3079:The Health Report
3045:10.1038/2031286a0
2727:"The function of
2702:978-1-4051-8119-8
2629:(3868): 671β673.
2605:978-0-19-954906-1
2535:978-94-010-6007-3
2348:Vicia grandiflora
2331:V. cassubica
2298:
2294:V. nigricans
2266:
2256:
2243:Vicia tetrasperma
2235:
2224:V. dalmatica
2221:
2220:(A.Kern.) Greuter
2208:
2197:
2182:
2172:
2167:Vicia sericocarpa
2139:
2129:
2118:
2108:
2093:
2083:β Hungarian vetch
2075:
2064:
2054:
2044:
2031:
2006:
1996:
1991:Vicia narbonensis
1986:
1975:
1964:
1959:Vicia minutiflora
1953:
1934:
1928:V. pubescens
1925:
1920:Vicia loiseleurii
1914:
1907:
1897:
1876:Vicia lathyroides
1871:
1861:
1851:
1841:
1823:
1808:
1803:Vicia grandiflora
1798:
1788:
1778:
1768:
1750:
1732:
1721:
1714:
1704:
1687:
1665:
1654:
1649:Vicia caroliniana
1644:
1639:Vicia cappadocica
1634:
1624:
1614:β Bithynian vetch
1613:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1572:
1568:V. sylvatica
1565:
1554:
1544:
1533:
1523:
1435:Balaustium vignae
1395:C. philodice
1182:V. nigricans
993:micronucleus test
967:V. amurensis
857:V. pannonica
836:), French vetch (
792:animals, both as
755:V. pannonica
752:Hungarian vetch (
658:) was one of the
650:
649:
618:
617:
614:
613:
469:
468:
461:
453:
445:
437:
429:
421:
413:
405:
397:
373:
365:
357:
349:
341:
333:
325:
317:
309:
301:
293:
285:
277:
261:
203:
3710:
3663:
3662:
3650:
3649:
3637:
3636:
3624:
3623:
3614:
3613:
3604:
3603:
3591:
3590:
3578:
3577:
3565:
3564:
3552:
3551:
3542:
3541:
3529:
3528:
3526:NHMSYS0000464845
3516:
3515:
3503:
3502:
3490:
3489:
3477:
3476:
3464:
3463:
3451:
3450:
3438:
3437:
3425:
3424:
3412:
3411:
3399:
3398:
3386:
3385:
3373:
3372:
3360:
3359:
3347:
3346:
3334:
3333:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3277:
3272:
3221:
3192:Vicia articulata
3179:
3177:
3176:
3157:
3152:
3146:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3085:. April 19, 1999
3071:
3065:
3064:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3001:
2988:The toxicity of
2982:
2973:
2972:
2960:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2930:
2906:Plant Physiology
2902:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2876:
2859:(8): 1008β1013.
2852:Plant Physiology
2848:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2818:
2794:Plant Physiology
2790:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2756:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2594:(4th ed.).
2574:
2568:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2509:
2500:
2486:
2466:
2453:
2447:
2440:
2382:Vicia tenuifolia
2377:
2359:
2343:
2325:
2309:
2296:
2264:
2254:
2230:
2219:
2213:Vicia tenuifolia
2206:
2203:Vicia tenuifolia
2195:
2180:
2170:
2137:
2127:
2116:
2113:Vicia pisiformis
2106:
2091:
2088:Vicia parviflora
2073:
2070:Vicia palaestina
2062:
2052:
2042:
2029:
2001:
1994:
1984:
1973:
1962:
1954:β Hawaiian vetch
1951:
1930:
1923:
1913:Hook. & Arn.
1912:
1906:Hook. & Arn.
1905:
1895:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1839:
1821:
1806:
1796:
1786:
1776:
1766:
1748:
1730:
1719:
1712:
1702:
1685:
1663:
1652:
1642:
1632:
1622:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1570:
1563:
1552:
1549:Vicia articulata
1542:
1528:
1526:V. japonica
1521:
1485:Selected species
1405:Leptidea sinapis
1248:β only found on
1088:
1002:V. graminea
985:chromosome count
983:Despite a small
912:and shelter for
898:phytoremediation
735:Jerusalem Talmud
712:Ancient Egyptian
672:Central European
592:
588:
584:
583:
486:flowering plants
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
419:
411:
403:
395:
389:
381:
371:
363:
355:
347:
339:
331:
323:
315:
307:
299:
291:
283:
275:
269:
259:
198:
69:
68:
46:
32:
3720:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3688:Fabaceae genera
3673:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3658:
3653:
3645:
3640:
3632:
3627:
3619:
3617:
3609:
3607:
3599:
3594:
3586:
3581:
3573:
3568:
3560:
3555:
3547:
3545:
3537:
3532:
3524:
3519:
3511:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3485:
3480:
3472:
3467:
3459:
3454:
3446:
3441:
3433:
3428:
3420:
3415:
3407:
3402:
3394:
3389:
3381:
3376:
3368:
3363:
3355:
3350:
3342:
3337:
3329:
3327:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3284:
3266:
3261:Wayback Machine
3189:
3186:
3174:
3172:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3153:
3149:
3124:
3120:
3110:
3108:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3088:
3086:
3075:"Vetch scandal"
3073:
3072:
3068:
3020:
3019:
3015:
2995:
2984:
2983:
2976:
2958:
2954:Vicia amurensis
2949:
2948:
2944:
2900:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2846:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2784:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2703:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2606:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2555:
2551:
2536:
2511:
2510:
2503:
2487:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2454:
2450:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2396:
2389:
2378:
2369:
2360:
2351:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2310:
2297:(M.Bieb.) Janka
2277:
2232:sensu auct. non
2192:Vicia sylvatica
2144:Vicia pyrenaica
2134:Vicia pubescens
2103:Vicia peregrina
2080:Vicia pannonica
2049:Vicia oroboides
2032:) β giant vetch
2019:Vicia nigricans
2012:Vicia nigricans
2003:sensu auct. non
1948:Vicia menziesii
1924:(M.Bieb.) Litv.
1836:Vicia hololasia
1749:Warb. & Eig
1727:Vicia dumetorum
1682:Vicia cuspidata
1668:Kashubian vetch
1660:Vicia cassubica
1629:Vicia canescens
1608:Vicia bithynica
1578:Vicia basaltica
1518:Vicia amurensis
1503:Vicia americana
1497:
1487:
1427:plant pathogens
1415:Cydia nigricana
1391:Clouded sulphur
1389:species, e.g.,
1195:nitrogen-fixing
1173:
1093:Lathyrus cicera
1056:ethenylcysteine
1036:V. villosa
1015:
964:was studied in
900:, but with one
827:V. villosa
727:La Tène culture
716:Christian Bible
655:V. ervilia
630:
609:
601:
596:
582:
465:
464:
387:
379:
267:
225:
220:
197:
63:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3675:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3651:
3647:wfo-4000040234
3638:
3625:
3615:
3605:
3592:
3579:
3566:
3553:
3543:
3530:
3517:
3504:
3491:
3478:
3465:
3452:
3439:
3426:
3413:
3400:
3387:
3374:
3361:
3348:
3335:
3325:
3310:
3294:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3264:
3244:
3234:
3228:plant profiles
3222:
3204:(4): 461β465.
3185:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3159:
3158:
3147:
3118:
3107:. Luontoportti
3096:
3066:
3013:
2974:
2942:
2913:(2): 320β323.
2888:
2830:
2801:(3): 654β657.
2768:
2747:(1): 103β110.
2717:
2708:
2701:
2683:
2664:
2611:
2604:
2569:
2549:
2534:
2501:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2448:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2379:
2372:
2370:
2361:
2354:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2336:
2327:
2320:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2289:Lens nigricans
2276:
2275:
2267:
2257:
2251:Vicia tsydenii
2247:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2199:
2188:
2173:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2140:
2130:
2120:
2109:
2099:
2084:
2076:
2066:
2055:
2045:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2015:β black vetch
2008:
1987:
1977:
1970:Vicia monantha
1966:
1955:
1944:
1943:β yellow vetch
1936:
1916:
1898:
1892:Vicia lilacina
1888:
1880:
1879:β spring vetch
1872:
1866:Vicia japonica
1862:
1852:
1846:Vicia hulensis
1842:
1832:
1824:
1814:
1799:
1793:Vicia graminea
1789:
1783:Vicia gigantea
1779:
1773:Vicia galilaea
1769:
1759:
1751:
1741:
1740:β bitter vetch
1733:
1723:
1709:Vicia disperma
1705:
1695:
1688:
1678:
1677:β tufted vetch
1670:
1656:
1645:
1635:
1625:
1615:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1556:
1545:
1539:Vicia andicola
1535:
1530:sensu auct non
1514:
1507:
1498:
1489:Main article:
1486:
1483:
1419:
1418:
1408:
1398:
1382:
1372:
1369:V. cracca
1359:
1349:
1335:
1332:Everes alcetas
1325:
1309:
1306:V. cracca
1298:Lime-speck pug
1295:
1291:V. cracca
1281:
1277:V. sepium
1267:
1253:
1172:
1169:
1149:Lens culinaris
1104:too β contain
1060:Ξ²-cyanoalanine
1014:
1011:
874:(4-Cl-IAA), a
803:V. cracca
769:V. sativa
652:Bitter vetch (
648:
647:
644:
643:
640:
639:
636:
635:
620:
619:
616:
615:
612:
611:
606:
603:
598:
581:
578:
554:plant taxonomy
467:
466:
463:
462:
460:Gaertn. (1801)
454:
446:
438:
430:
422:
414:
406:
398:
396:C.Presl (1837)
390:
388:W.Wight (1909)
382:
374:
366:
358:
350:
342:
334:
326:
318:
310:
302:
294:
286:
278:
270:
265:Anatropostylia
262:
253:
252:
249:
248:
242:
241:
232:
231:
227:
226:
221:
212:
211:
205:
204:
190:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
170:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
127:
120:
119:
114:
107:
106:
101:
94:
93:
88:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
57:
56:
48:
47:
39:
38:
21:Feri Tradition
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3716:
3715:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3661:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3602:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3540:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3321:
3315:
3311:
3306:
3300:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3270:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3156:
3151:
3148:
3144:
3143:9780521685535
3140:
3136:
3135:9780521866453
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3017:
3014:
3009:
3005:
2999:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2971:(2): 383β386.
2970:
2966:
2965:
2957:
2955:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2899:
2892:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2845:
2843:
2834:
2831:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2788:
2783:
2781:
2772:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2721:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2704:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2615:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2578:Daniel Zohary
2573:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2491:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2436:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2376:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2358:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2332:
2324:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2308:
2303:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2273:
2272:
2271:Vicia villosa
2268:
2263:
2262:
2261:Vicia unijuga
2258:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1856:Vicia hybrida
1853:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1828:Vicia hirsuta
1825:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1763:Vicia galeata
1760:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1737:Vicia ervilia
1734:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1717:V. parviflora
1711:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1669:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1599:
1598:Vicia biennis
1595:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1473:
1472:cryptic virus
1471:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1444:Alternanthera
1441:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1356:Axylia putris
1353:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:Amanda's blue
1336:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1215:solitary bees
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1184:
1183:
1177:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1029:
1025:found in raw
1024:
1019:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1007:N blood group
1004:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
981:
979:
976:
973:
972:antibacterial
969:
968:
963:
960:
956:
952:
951:
950:Glomus clarum
947:
943:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
923:to keep down
922:
918:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
892:
888:
885:
877:
873:
869:
865:
863:
859:
858:
853:
852:
847:
846:
841:
840:
835:
834:
829:
828:
822:
820:
815:
813:
809:
805:
804:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
770:
761:
757:
756:
750:
742:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
721:
717:
713:
709:
704:
700:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
681:
676:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:
646:
645:
642:
641:
638:
637:
634:
628:
627:
622:
621:
607:
604:
599:
594:
593:
590:
589:
586:
585:
580:Use by humans
579:
577:
575:
574:
569:
566:
562:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
542:
537:
533:
529:
525:
524:
519:
518:
513:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:
458:
455:
452:Moench (1794)
450:
447:
442:
439:
434:
431:
426:
423:
418:
415:
410:
407:
402:
399:
394:
391:
386:
383:
378:
375:
370:
367:
362:
359:
356:Adans. (1763)
354:
351:
346:
343:
338:
335:
330:
327:
322:
319:
314:
311:
306:
303:
298:
295:
290:
287:
282:
279:
276:Medik. (1787)
274:
271:
266:
263:
258:
255:
254:
250:
247:
243:
240:
239:
233:
228:
224:
219:
218:
213:
210:
206:
201:
196:
195:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
92:
91:Tracheophytes
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
72:
67:
62:
58:
55:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
26:
22:
3289:
3268:
3248:
3240:
3239:(search for
3225:
3201:
3195:
3191:
3173:. Retrieved
3169:
3150:
3137:(hardback),
3126:
3121:
3109:. Retrieved
3099:
3087:. Retrieved
3078:
3069:
3028:
3022:
3016:
2991:
2987:
2968:
2962:
2953:
2945:
2910:
2904:
2891:
2856:
2850:
2841:
2833:
2798:
2792:
2779:
2771:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2728:
2720:
2711:
2692:
2686:
2673:
2667:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2590:
2572:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2517:
2494:
2489:
2456:
2451:
2443:
2438:
2421:
2411:
2398:
2397:
2386:
2380:
2363:
2346:
2329:
2314:Vicia amoena
2312:
2293:
2287:
2280:
2278:
2269:
2259:
2249:
2241:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2216:
2212:
2201:
2198:β wood vetch
2190:
2184:
2175:
2165:
2162:β bush vetch
2159:Vicia sepium
2157:
2151:Vicia sativa
2149:
2142:
2132:
2122:
2111:
2101:
2095:
2086:
2078:
2068:
2059:Vicia orobus
2057:
2047:
2037:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1989:
1979:
1968:
1957:
1946:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1900:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1864:
1854:
1844:
1834:
1831:β hairy tare
1826:
1818:Vicia hassei
1816:
1810:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1771:
1761:
1753:
1743:
1735:
1725:
1716:
1707:
1699:Vicia cypria
1697:
1692:Vicia cusnae
1690:
1680:
1674:Vicia cracca
1672:
1658:
1647:
1637:
1627:
1619:Vicia bungei
1617:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1576:
1567:
1560:Vicia bakeri
1558:
1555:β bard vetch
1547:
1537:
1529:
1525:
1516:
1511:Vicia amoena
1509:
1501:
1492:
1479:endornavirus
1476:
1469:
1461:mosaic virus
1458:
1446:mosaic virus
1443:
1440:potexviruses
1433:
1420:
1414:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1378:
1375:Angle shades
1368:
1362:
1355:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1321:V. faba
1319:
1315:
1305:
1301:
1289:
1283:
1275:
1269:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1229:caterpillars
1224:
1223:
1191:root nodules
1188:
1180:
1148:
1101:
1091:
1083:
1076:Vicia sativa
1075:
1072:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1026:
1000:
988:
982:
965:
948:
939:
929:root nodules
884:allelopathic
881:
876:phytohormone
862:green manure
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
823:
816:
801:
767:
765:
753:
701:
680:V. faba
678:
653:
651:
624:
571:
549:
539:
535:
531:
521:
515:
500:
480:of over 240
472:
471:
470:
456:
448:
444:Schur (1866)
440:
436:Alef. (1861)
432:
428:Alef. (1859)
424:
420:Alef. (1859)
416:
412:Dulac (1867)
408:
404:Alef. (1859)
400:
392:
384:
380:Mill. (1754)
376:
372:Alef. (1860)
368:
364:Mill. (1754)
360:
352:
344:
336:
328:
324:Alef. (1859)
320:
316:Alef. (1861)
312:
304:
296:
292:Medik (1787)
288:
284:Alef. (1861)
280:
272:
264:
260:Alef. (1861)
256:
235:
215:
209:Type species
193:
192:
166:
123:
110:
97:
84:
53:Vicia orobus
51:
35:
29:
3469:iNaturalist
3314:Wikispecies
3170:www.fao.org
3089:January 27,
2409:for vetch.
2027:V. gigantea
1963:F.G. Dietr.
1940:Vicia lutea
1421:Most other
1361:Blackneck (
1239:, such as:
1233:butterflies
1145:red lentils
1126:glutathione
955:salty soils
914:carnivorous
908:to provide
906:beetle bank
810:source for
731:ful medames
693:agriculture
633:hieroglyphs
623:"Grains of
340:Link (1822)
300:Tod. (1845)
217:Faba sativa
156:Subfamily:
104:Angiosperms
3677:Categories
3175:2019-04-30
2842:Vicia fava
2780:Vicia faba
2733:Vicia faba
2586:Ehud Weiss
2582:Maria Hopf
2473:References
2444:Vita Prima
2138:(DC.) Link
1981:Vicia nana
1884:Vicia lens
1755:Vicia faba
1477:Vicia faba
1401:Wood white
1217:and other
1211:honey bees
1207:bumblebees
1203:pollinated
1153:Bangladesh
1128:levels in
1082:pulse mix
1064:methionine
1044:Canavanine
1028:Vicia faba
975:Ξ³-thionins
933:inoculated
921:arthropods
919:and other
891:accumulate
887:cover crop
689:Hoabinhian
541:Vicia faba
523:Astragalus
297:Coppoleria
3404:FloraBase
3166:"FAOSTAT"
2458:Phaseolus
2394:Etymology
2387:dalmatica
2283:include:
2255:Malyschev
2217:dalmatica
1423:parasites
1352:The flame
1114:isouramil
1110:convicine
1098:lathyrism
997:genotoxic
935:with the
812:honeybees
774:cultivars
725:from the
664:Near East
546:monotypic
512:Faboideae
509:subfamily
507:of their
457:Wiggersia
409:Rhynchium
401:Parallosa
369:Hypechusa
236:247; see
160:Faboideae
74:Kingdom:
3629:VicFlora
3618:VASCAN:
3601:40024113
3596:Tropicos
3365:eFloraSA
3299:Wikidata
3257:Archived
3218:22502363
3111:March 1,
3061:39261988
3053:14230211
2937:16663416
2883:16653008
2825:16663901
2659:34052655
2651:17742735
2588:(2012).
2544:29588535
2463:Americas
2023:gigantea
1887:β lentil
1850:Plitmann
1822:S.Watson
1582:Plitmann
1491:List of
1411:Pea moth
1231:of some
1165:Pakistan
1118:divicine
1106:oxidants
1068:cysteine
1048:arginine
1013:Toxicity
962:4-Cl-IAA
944:and the
894:aluminum
790:ruminant
517:Lathyrus
497:Fabaceae
449:Viciodes
417:Sellunia
393:Orobella
385:Lentilla
246:Synonyms
230:Species
150:Fabaceae
146:Family:
117:Eudicots
3693:Forages
3611:3874519
3500:1305906
3487:23780-1
3448:2974751
3305:Q147337
3033:Bibcode
2928:1066676
2874:1075657
2816:1064350
2782:leaves"
2763:4774118
2631:Bibcode
2622:Science
1952:Spreng.
1840:Woronow
1720:Loisel.
1633:Labill.
1612:(L.) L.
1553:Hornem.
1495:species
1348:species
1252:species
1219:insects
1171:Ecology
1080:Spanish
978:fabatin
917:beetles
910:habitat
902:per mil
708:Hittite
685:Eurasia
568:Vicieae
561:Fabales
528:lentils
526:). The
501:vetches
482:species
441:Vicilla
433:Tuamina
425:Swantia
337:Ervilia
329:Endusia
321:Endiusa
313:Cujunia
273:Arachus
257:Abacosa
223:Moench.
189:Genus:
179:Tribe:
140:Fabales
136:Order:
78:Plantae
3660:416135
3608:uBio:
3570:PLANTS
3562:539539
3546:NZOR:
3435:134554
3422:134554
3331:195831
3328:APDB:
3246:FAO's
3216:
3141:
3133:
3059:
3051:
3024:Nature
2935:
2925:
2881:
2871:
2823:
2813:
2761:
2735:seeds"
2699:
2657:
2649:
2602:
2584:&
2542:
2532:
2414:Horace
2074:Boiss.
2053:Wulfen
1896:Ledeb.
1870:A.Gray
1767:Boiss.
1686:Boiss.
1653:Walter
1571:Benth.
1532:A.Gray
1459:Bidens
1386:Colias
1199:purple
1138:lectin
1134:favism
1122:vicine
1086:comuΓ±a
819:tonnes
808:pollen
798:legume
794:fodder
786:forage
782:pulses
760:forage
720:Celtic
687:, the
548:genus
505:genera
493:family
490:legume
305:Cracca
281:Atossa
202:(1753)
183:Fabeae
130:Rosids
25:Veitch
3683:Vicia
3655:WoRMS
3575:VICIA
3513:26329
3495:IRMNG
3474:52472
3461:12701
3409:21628
3396:1VICG
3383:13463
3370:Vicia
3357:9CMDW
3344:65414
3320:Vicia
3290:Vicia
3241:Vicia
3226:Vicia
3214:S2CID
3057:S2CID
3004:Ph.D.
2990:Vicia
2959:(PDF)
2901:(PDF)
2847:(PDF)
2655:S2CID
2560:Mill.
2540:S2CID
2490:Vicia
2430:Notes
2423:ervum
2420:" as
2407:Pliny
2403:Latin
2399:Vicia
2385:ssp.
2281:Vicia
2265:A.Br.
2234:Roth.
2215:ssp.
2207:Roth.
2181:Jacq.
2171:Fenzl
2030:Hook.
2021:ssp.
2005:Jacq.
1985:Vogel
1974:Retz.
1807:Scop.
1787:Bunge
1543:Kunth
1522:Oett.
1493:Vicia
1470:Vicia
1346:Vicia
1250:Vicia
1237:moths
1225:Vicia
1161:India
1157:Egypt
1108:like
1102:Vicia
959:auxin
573:Pisum
565:tribe
558:order
532:Vicia
478:genus
476:is a
473:Vicia
345:Ervum
194:Vicia
167:Clade
124:Clade
111:Clade
98:Clade
85:Clade
36:Vicia
3621:1820
3583:POWO
3539:3904
3534:NCBI
3508:ITIS
3482:IPNI
3456:GRIN
3443:GBIF
3391:EPPO
3339:APNI
3139:ISBN
3131:ISBN
3113:2015
3091:2009
3049:PMID
2933:PMID
2879:PMID
2821:PMID
2759:PMID
2697:ISBN
2647:PMID
2600:ISBN
2558:Lens
2530:ISBN
2292:(as
2092:Cav.
1623:Ohwi
1474:and
1452:and
1431:mite
1425:and
1235:and
1163:and
1130:G6PD
1120:and
1038:and
925:pest
796:and
788:for
710:and
626:puyr
550:Faba
536:Lens
377:Lens
361:Faba
353:Faba
289:Bona
238:text
3642:WFO
3521:NBN
3430:FoC
3417:FNA
3378:EoL
3352:CoL
3206:doi
3041:doi
3029:203
2998:PDF
2923:PMC
2915:doi
2869:PMC
2861:doi
2857:100
2844:L."
2811:PMC
2803:doi
2787:PDF
2749:doi
2729:myo
2639:doi
2627:163
2522:doi
2063:DC.
1797:Sm.
1713:DC.
1564:Ali
1205:by
1066:to
987:of
848:).
778:FAO
631:in
484:of
3679::
3657::
3644::
3631::
3598::
3585::
3572::
3559::
3536::
3523::
3510::
3497::
3484::
3471::
3458::
3445::
3432::
3419::
3406::
3393::
3380::
3367::
3354::
3341::
3316::
3301::
3230:,
3212:.
3202:47
3200:.
3168:.
3081:.
3077:.
3055:.
3047:.
3039:.
3027:.
2977:^
2969:28
2967:.
2961:.
2931:.
2921:.
2911:74
2909:.
2903:.
2877:.
2867:.
2855:.
2849:.
2819:.
2809:.
2799:76
2797:.
2791:.
2757:.
2745:38
2743:.
2737:.
2676:.
2653:.
2645:.
2637:.
2625:.
2598:.
2580:;
2538:.
2528:.
2504:^
2492:L.
2481:^
2226:,
2222:(=
2196:L.
2117:L.
2107:L.
2043:L.
2025:(=
1995:L.
1926:(=
1908:(=
1860:L.
1809:(=
1731:L.
1715:(=
1666:β
1664:L.
1602:L.
1592:L.
1566:(=
1524:(=
1481:.
1467:,
1463:,
1448:,
1221:.
1213:,
1209:,
1159:,
1155:,
1116:,
1112:,
1070:.
1009:.
864:.
814:.
699:.
629:"
200:L.
169::
126::
113::
100::
87::
3271:.
3263:)
3255:(
3220:.
3208::
3178:.
3115:.
3093:.
3063:.
3043::
3035::
3010:.
3002:(
3000:)
2996:(
2939:.
2917::
2885:.
2863::
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2785:(
2765:.
2751::
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2524::
2368:)
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1403:(
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1393:(
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1371:)
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1354:(
1340:(
1334:)
1330:(
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1314:(
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1300:(
1294:)
1280:)
1266:)
1147:(
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762:.
495:(
27:.
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