505:
973:
65:
906:, usually a small organic molecule, by individual cells. As cell populations increase, levels of autoinducers increase, and specific proteins that regulate transcription of genes bind to these autoinducers, altering gene expression. This system allows microbial cells to "communicate" amongst each other and coordinate behaviors, such as luminescence, which require large amounts of cells to produce a noticeable effect.
44:
2234:
874:
1210:
Other names: genbank synonym: Vibrio fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Lehmann and
Neumann 1896 (Approved Lists 1980) synonym: Vibrio noctiluca Weisglass and Skreb 1963 synonym: Photobacterium fischeri Beijerinck 1889 synonym: Microspira marina (Russell 1892) Migula 1900 synonym: Microspira fischeri
921:
operon, and uses the autoinducer 3OC6-HSL. The protein LuxI synthesizes this signal, which is subsequently released from the cell. This signal, 3OC6-HSL, then binds to the protein LuxR, which regulates the expression of many different genes, but most notably upregulation of genes involved in
749:
with marine organisms. Marine organisms contain bacteria that use bioluminescence so they can find mates, ward off predators, attract prey, or communicate with other organisms. In return, the organism the bacteria are living within provides the bacteria with a nutrient-rich environment. The
645:, requiring the intensity to match that of the sea surface above. Sepiolid squid expel 90% of the symbiotic bacteria in their light organ each morning in a process known as "venting". Venting is thought to provide the source from which newly hatched squid are colonized by
1211:(Beijerinck 1889) Chester 1901 synonym: Einheimischer Leuchtbacillus Fischer 1888 synonym: Bacillus phosphorescens indigenus Eisenberg 1891 synonym: Bacillus fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Trevisan 1889 synonym: Achromobacter fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Bergey et al. 1930
627:(light-producing organs) selectively draw in the symbiotic bacteria. These cells promote the growth of the symbionts and actively reject any competitors. The bacteria cause these cells to die off once the light organ is sufficiently colonized.
1193:
855:
To generate the aldehyde needed in the reaction above, three additional enzymes are needed. The fatty acids needed for the reaction are pulled from the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway by acyl-transferase. Acyl-transferase reacts with
1377:"Reclassification of Vibrio fischeri, Vibrio logei, Vibrio salmonicida and Vibrio wodanis as Aliivibrio fischeri gen. nov., comb. nov., Aliivibrio logei comb. nov., Aliivibrio salmonicida comb. nov. and Aliivibrio wodanis comb. nov"
886:
Green pentagons denote AHL autoinducer that LuxI produces (3OC6-homoserine lactone). Transcriptional regulator, LuxR, modulates expression of AHL synthase, LuxI, and the lux operon, leading to luciferase-mediated light
608:
colonizes the light organ of the
Hawaiian bobtail squid and luminesces at night, providing the squid with counter-illumination camouflage, which prevents the squid from casting a shadow on the ocean floor.
961:
quorum sensing system occurs in response to high cell densities, producing high levels of luminescence and regulating the transcription of additional genes, including QsrP, RibB, and AcfA. Both of the
2548:
953:
system regulates transcription in response to intermediate cell density cell environments, producing lower levels of luminescence and even regulating metabolic processes such as the
902:, a conserved mechanism across many microbial species that regulates gene expression in response to bacterial concentration. Quorum sensing functions through the production of an
213:
496:
are not fully understood, they are known to play a role in acquiring genes associated with virulence and resistance to environmental stresses in other bacterial species.
2522:
993:(C) When enough autoinducers have accumulated in the medium, they can re-enter the cell where they directly bind the LuxR protein to activate luxICDABEG expression.
619:
do not occur when the microbe cannot luminesce, indicating that bioluminescence (described below) is truly essential for symbiosis. In the process of colonization,
596:
colonization of the light organ of the
Hawaiian bobtail squid is currently studied as a simple model for mutualistic symbiosis, as it contains only two species and
354:
environments. This bacterium grows most effectively in water with high concentrations of salt, around 20g/L, and at temperatures between 24-28°C. This species has
2561:
1350:
991:(B) As the cell growth continues, the autoinducers in the medium start to accumulate in a confined environment. A very low intensity of light can be detected.
2000:"The Vibrio fischeri quorum-sensing systems ain and lux sequentially induce luminescence gene expression and are important for persistence in the squid host"
2406:
913:, there are two primary quorum sensing systems, each of which responds to slightly different environments. The first system is commonly referred to as the
615:
colonization occurs in juvenile squids and induces morphological changes in the squids light organ. Interestingly, certain morphological changes made by
1920:
1008:
is an adaptation for transferring DNA from one individual cell to another. Natural transformation, including the uptake and incorporation of exogenous
2421:
2509:
2535:
851:
1036:
facilitates rapid transfer of mutant genes across strains and provides a valuable tool for experimental genetic manipulation in this species.
930:
system, the autoinducer C8-HSL increases activation of LuxR. In addition, C8-HSL binds to another transcriptional regulator, LitR, giving the
1804:
1723:
1332:
1235:
989:(A) At low cell density, the autoinducers (3OC6-HSL – red dots), produced by LuxI, diffuse through the cell membrane into the growth medium
2630:
798:
makes the proteins needed for the enzyme acyl-protein synthetase. Luciferase produces blue/green light through the oxidation of reduced
758:
genome that controls bioluminescence through the catalytic activity of the enzyme luciferase. This operon has a known gene sequence of
1359:
2635:
2597:
2394:
2362:
2329:
1659:
1074:
969:
quorum sensing systems are essential for colonization of the squid and regulate multiple colonization factors in the bacteria.
692:
controls light expression, where luminescence is much brighter during the day and dimmer at night, as required for camouflage.
972:
2540:
995:(D) High levels of autoinducers activate the luminescent system of A. fischeri. A high intensity of light can be detected.
504:
1065:
64:
2300:
303:
1739:
Widder EA (May 2010). "Bioluminescence in the ocean: origins of biological, chemical, and ecological diversity".
1005:
630:
The light organs of certain squid contain reflective plates that intensify and direct the light produced, due to
2566:
860:
to release R-COOH, a free fatty acid. R-COOH is reduced by a two-enzyme system to an aldehyde. The reaction is:
2640:
2370:
2337:
1671:
666:
256:
229:
489:
2418:
1949:"Vibrio fischeri uses two quorum-sensing systems for the regulation of early and late colonization factors"
2436:
2139:"Quorum sensing: how bacteria can coordinate activity and synchronize their response to external signals?"
574:
509:
197:
600:
can be cultured in a lab and genetically modified. This mutualistic symbiosis functions primarily due to
799:
299:
149:
873:
170:
2625:
2602:
2576:
2474:
1748:
1454:
857:
728:
670:
639:
225:
954:
1706:
Girish S, Ravi L (January 2023). "Vibrio fischeri in squid light organ.". In
Dharumadurai D (ed.).
295:
283:
268:
252:
209:
193:
166:
96:
2645:
1772:
1688:
949:
systems are essential, because these two systems respond to different cellular environments. The
179:
59:
2527:
314:
2584:
2496:
2281:
2223:
2168:
2119:
2070:
2021:
1980:
1901:
1854:
1800:
1764:
1719:
1640:
1589:
1535:
1482:
1443:"Complete genome sequence of Vibrio fischeri: a symbiotic bacterium with pathogenic congeners"
1398:
1355:
1328:
1290:
1272:
1231:
424:
363:
1897:
1609:"Gimme shelter: how Vibrio fischeri successfully navigates an animal's multiple environments"
1441:
Ruby EG, Urbanowski M, Campbell J, Dunn A, Faini M, Gunsalus R, et al. (February 2005).
2271:
2263:
2213:
2203:
2158:
2150:
2109:
2101:
2060:
2052:
2011:
1970:
1960:
1893:
1844:
1836:
1756:
1711:
1680:
1630:
1620:
1579:
1571:
1525:
1517:
1472:
1462:
1388:
1280:
1264:
689:
431:. However, the name change is not generally accepted by most researchers, who still publish
402:
344:
240:
2589:
2016:
1999:
1560:"The importance of microbes in animal development: lessons from the squid-vibrio symbiosis"
926:
system, uses the autoinducer C8-HSL, which is produced by the protein AinS. Similar to the
318:
2425:
2358:
1086:
1069:
the state microbe, but neither passed. In 2017, legislation similar to the original 2013
791:
658:
479:
394:
355:
1884:
Waters CM, Bassler BL (2005). "Quorum sensing: cell-to-cell communication in bacteria".
1752:
1575:
1530:
1501:
1458:
1252:
2276:
2251:
2218:
2187:
2163:
2138:
2114:
2089:
2065:
2040:
1975:
1948:
1715:
1635:
1608:
1584:
1559:
1285:
1169:
1163:
1158:
899:
736:
677:
534:
477:
species, but is still most closely related to the higher-pathogenicity species such as
452:
398:
390:
86:
1849:
1824:
1477:
1442:
2619:
2267:
1965:
1153:
1082:
1056:
1045:
541:
in oceans, as well as associated with marine animals, sediment, and decaying matter.
367:
340:
272:
1692:
2553:
2090:"Analysis of LuxR regulon gene expression during quorum sensing in Vibrio fischeri"
1776:
1416:
428:
371:
116:
106:
43:
2501:
715:) have been identified as active in the emission of visible light, and two genes (
1840:
1794:
2468:
1921:"Structural identification of autoinducer of Photobacterium fischeri luciferase"
1253:"Vibrio fischeri: Laboratory Cultivation, Storage, and Common Phenotypic Assays"
1048:
903:
531:
2238:
1447:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
17:
2325:
1684:
1078:
938:
systems of quorum sensing slightly different genetic targets within the cell.
779:
700:
642:
624:
570:
513:
470:
456:
419:
387:
126:
2459:
2208:
1625:
1276:
1760:
1467:
775:
746:
732:
696:
635:
546:
527:
460:
379:
359:
347:
2285:
2227:
2172:
2123:
2074:
2025:
1984:
1905:
1768:
1644:
1593:
1539:
1486:
1402:
1294:
891:
One primary system that controls bioluminescence through regulation of the
1858:
1393:
1376:
1348:
Garrity GM (2005). "The
Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria".
463:(Mbp) and chromosome 2 has 1.3 Mbp, bringing the total genome to 4.2 Mbp.
2453:
803:
555:
538:
375:
76:
2105:
2056:
1521:
393:. The bacterium is a key research organism for examination of microbial
2514:
2488:
2483:
2233:
631:
561:
1506:
model microbe reveals the complexity of Earth's "simplest" life forms"
1375:
Urbanczyk H, Ast JC, Higgins MJ, Carson J, Dunlap PV (December 2007).
2154:
1268:
1060:
1021:
1013:
895:
807:
724:
444:
413:
2430:
2186:
Tanet L, Tamburini C, Baumas C, Garel M, Simon G, Casalot L (2019).
585:
is the only species of bacteria inhabiting the squid's light organ.
2252:"Natural transformation of Vibrio fischeri requires tfoX and tfoY"
2041:"AinS quorum sensing regulates the Vibrio fischeri acetate switch"
971:
872:
620:
550:
503:
411:
comparison led to the reclassification of this species from genus
351:
2237:
Material was copied from this source, which is available under a
1381:
International
Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
770:
code for the protein subunits of the luciferase enzyme, and the
408:
2434:
2301:"Hawaii, Other States Calling Dibs On Official State Bacteria"
1009:
1200:. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information
922:
luminescence. The second system, commonly referred to as the
1998:
Lupp C, Urbanowski M, Greenberg EP, Ruby EG (October 2003).
830:
The reduced flavin mononucleotide (FMNH) is provided by the
735:
the transcription of this gene set and produce or suppress
459:, one smaller and one larger. Chromosome 1 has 2.9 million
727:. Several external and intrinsic factors appear to either
2250:
Pollack-Berti A, Wollenberg MS, Ruby EG (August 2010).
2088:
Qin N, Callahan SM, Dunlap PV, Stevens AM (June 2007).
573:. This relationship has been best characterized in the
2419:
TED Talks - Bonnie
Bassler on how bacteria communicate
2239:
Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
1553:
1551:
1549:
745:
is one of many species of bacteria that commonly form
492:. Although the precise functions of these elements in
1796:
Unraveling DNA: Molecular
Biology for the Laboratory
1660:"Counterillumination in the hawaiian bobtail squid,
401:, and bacterial-animal symbiosis. It is named after
2443:
1063:. The bill was in competition with a bill to make
1500:Septer AN, Visick KL (May 2024). O'Toole G (ed.).
1312:(9th ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
703:system is encoded by a set of genes labelled the
2039:Studer SV, Mandel MJ, Ruby EG (September 2008).
1825:"Molecular biology of bacterial bioluminescence"
684:needs to reach an optimal level to activate the
676:, which is induced through population-dependent
1886:Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
1818:
1816:
864:R-COOH + ATP + NADPH → R-CHO + AMP + PP + NADP.
2188:"Bacterial Bioluminescence: Light Emission in
1879:
1877:
1788:
1786:
1325:Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
1310:Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
8:
1942:
1940:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
688:operon and stimulate light production. The
2431:
1607:Norsworthy AN, Visick KL (November 2013).
1351:Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
358:properties, and is found predominantly in
42:
31:
2275:
2217:
2207:
2162:
2113:
2064:
2015:
1974:
1964:
1848:
1634:
1624:
1583:
1529:
1476:
1466:
1392:
1284:
589:Symbiosis with the Hawaiian bobtail squid
362:with various marine animals, such as the
1898:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.21.012704.131001
1327:(9th ed.). Williams & Wilkins.
1251:Christensen DG, Visick KL (June 2020).
1221:
1219:
1182:
782:necessary for the luciferase mechanism.
754:operon is a 9-kilobase fragment of the
2017:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.t01-1-03585.x
1188:
1186:
941:The different genetic targets of the
786:codes for the enzyme acyl-reductase,
7:
2577:6d59f7a3-e7ef-4006-9932-c629138d252b
2192:Is Not Under Quorum-Sensing Control"
1710:. Academic Press. pp. 511–520.
1664:Berry (Mollusca : Cephalopoda)"
1226:Madigan M, Martinko J, eds. (2005).
1101:(Beijerinck 1889) Bergey et al. 1930
917:system, as it is encoded within the
435:(see Google Scholar for 2018–2019).
1576:10.1146/annurev-micro-091313-103654
1354:. Vol. 2. New York: Springer.
1716:10.1016/B978-0-323-99334-0.00006-2
1111:Bacterium phosphorescens indigenus
221:Bacterium phosphorescens indigenus
25:
1308:Bergey DH (1994). Holt JG (ed.).
1257:Current protocols in microbiology
1024:and is likely regulated by genes
810:. The reaction is summarized as:
723:) are involved in regulating the
2407:Cell-Cell Communication and the
2268:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02250.x
2232:
1966:10.1128/JB.187.11.3620-3629.2005
1658:Jones BW, Nishiguchi MK (2004).
1230:(11th ed.). Prentice Hall.
1075:Hawaiʻi House of Representatives
63:
1228:Brock Biology of Microorganisms
1107:(Beijerinck 1889) Trevisan 1889
2137:Li Z, Nair SK (October 2012).
1417:"Species: Aliivibrio fischeri"
1125:(Beijerinck 1889) Chester 1901
1020:. This process is induced by
638:. They regulate the light for
1:
2395:The Light-Organ Symbiosis of
1947:Lupp C, Ruby EG (June 2005).
1564:Annual Review of Microbiology
1113:(Eisenberg 1891) Chester 1897
1032:. Natural transformation of
549:of marine animals, including
1841:10.1128/mr.55.1.123-142.1991
1117:Einheimischer leuchtbacillus
569:can be found in the squids'
526:are globally distributed in
455:in 2004 and consists of two
427:, and according to LPSN the
237:Einheimischer leuchtbacillus
1502:"Lighting the way: how the
1066:Flavobacterium akiainvivens
1051:submitted SB3124 proposing
1016:, has been demonstrated in
982:operon by LuxR and LuxI in
405:, a German microbiologist.
378:by means of a single polar
2662:
2631:Bacteria described in 1896
2256:Environmental Microbiology
2190:Photobacterium phosphoreum
1131:(Russell 1892) Migula 1900
1073:bill was submitted in the
850:) from 1042306 to 1048745
834:gene, also referred to as
822:+ R-CHO → FMN + R-COOH + H
623:cells within the animals'
545:have been most studied as
2196:Frontiers in Microbiology
1823:Meighen EA (March 1991).
1793:Winfrey MR (1997-01-01).
1685:10.1007/s00227-003-1285-3
1613:Frontiers in Microbiology
1143:Weisglass and Skreb 1963
842:, it is directly next to
185:
178:
155:
148:
60:Scientific classification
58:
50:
41:
34:
2399:and the Hawaiian squid,
2371:Hawaii State Legislature
2367:Hawaii State Legislature
2338:Hawaii State Legislature
2334:Hawaii State Legislature
2209:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00365
1626:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00356
54:glowing on a petri dish
2636:Bioluminescent bacteria
2299:Cave J (3 April 2014).
2094:Journal of Bacteriology
2045:Journal of Bacteriology
1953:Journal of Bacteriology
1829:Microbiological Reviews
1761:10.1126/science.1174269
1558:McFall-Ngai MJ (2014).
1510:Journal of Bacteriology
1468:10.1073/pnas.0409900102
1135:Photobacterium fischeri
1046:Hawaiʻian State Senator
778:complex that makes the
774:codes for a fatty acid
747:symbiotic relationships
490:mobile genetic elements
423:in 2007. The change is
280:Photobacterium fischeri
2004:Molecular Microbiology
1871:Silverman et al., 1984
1099:Achromobacter fischeri
1000:Natural transformation
996:
888:
575:Hawaiian bobtail squid
520:
510:Hawaiian bobtail squid
364:Hawaiian bobtail squid
189:Achromobacter fischeri
1394:10.1099/ijs.0.65081-0
1323:Holt JG, ed. (1994).
1194:"Aliivibrio fischeri"
975:
876:
800:flavin mononucleotide
507:
417:to the newly created
1387:(Pt 12): 2823–2829.
1040:State microbe status
680:. The population of
640:counter-illumination
537:. They can be found
27:Species of bacterium
2554:aliivibrio-fischeri
2445:Aliivibrio fischeri
2361:(25 January 2017).
2328:(25 January 2017).
2106:10.1128/JB.01779-06
2057:10.1128/JB.00148-08
1753:2010Sci...328..704W
1708:Microbial Symbionts
1522:10.1128/jb.00035-24
1459:2005PNAS..102.3004R
1123:Microspira fischeri
1053:Aliivibrio fischeri
1012:into the recipient
984:Aliivibrio fischeri
957:. In contrast, the
881:Aliivibrio fischeri
711:, five such genes (
535:marine environments
518:Allivibrio fischeri
388:survive on decaying
332:Aliivibrio fischeri
248:Microspira fischeri
159:Aliivibrio fischeri
97:Gammaproteobacteria
52:Aliivibrio fischeri
36:Aliivibrio fischeri
2424:2016-09-26 at the
1919:Eberhad A (1981).
1004:Natural bacterial
997:
978:Activation of the
889:
879:Quorum sensing in
521:
350:found globally in
2613:
2612:
2585:Open Tree of Life
2437:Taxon identifiers
2401:Euprymna scolopes
2149:(10): 1403–1417.
2100:(11): 4127–4134.
2051:(17): 5915–5923.
1959:(11): 3620–3629.
1806:978-0-13-270034-4
1799:. Prentice-Hall.
1747:(5979): 704–708.
1725:978-0-323-99334-0
1662:Euprymna scolopes
1334:978-0-683-00603-2
1237:978-0-13-144329-7
1129:Microspira marina
1105:Bacillus fischeri
802:and a long-chain
604:bioluminescence.
579:Euprymna scolopes
425:valid publication
328:
327:
322:
307:
287:
276:
264:Microspira marina
260:
244:
233:
217:
205:Bacillus fischeri
201:
16:(Redirected from
2653:
2606:
2605:
2593:
2592:
2580:
2579:
2570:
2569:
2557:
2556:
2544:
2543:
2531:
2530:
2518:
2517:
2505:
2504:
2492:
2491:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2432:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2369:. Honolulu, HI:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2336:. Honolulu, HI:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2279:
2262:(8): 2302–2311.
2247:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2221:
2211:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2155:10.1002/pro.2132
2134:
2128:
2127:
2117:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2068:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2019:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1978:
1968:
1944:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1881:
1872:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1852:
1820:
1811:
1810:
1790:
1781:
1780:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1679:(6): 1151–1155.
1668:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1638:
1628:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1587:
1555:
1544:
1543:
1533:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1480:
1470:
1453:(8): 3004–3009.
1438:
1425:
1424:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1396:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1288:
1269:10.1002/cpmc.103
1248:
1242:
1241:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1190:
1141:Vibrio noctiluca
1093:List of synonyms
792:acyl-transferase
690:circadian rhythm
403:Bernhard Fischer
372:oxidase-positive
313:
311:Vibrio noctiluca
293:
282:
266:
250:
239:
223:
207:
191:
161:
141:A. fischeri
68:
67:
46:
32:
21:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2641:Model organisms
2616:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2601:
2596:
2588:
2583:
2575:
2573:
2565:
2560:
2552:
2547:
2539:
2534:
2526:
2521:
2513:
2508:
2500:
2495:
2487:
2482:
2475:Vibrio fischeri
2473:
2472:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2452:
2439:
2426:Wayback Machine
2413:Vibrio fischeri
2397:Vibrio fischeri
2391:
2386:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2342:
2340:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2305:Huffington Post
2298:
2297:
2293:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2143:Protein Science
2136:
2135:
2131:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2038:
2037:
2033:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1946:
1945:
1938:
1929:
1927:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1792:
1791:
1784:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1666:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1557:
1556:
1547:
1516:(5): e0003524.
1504:Vibrio fischeri
1499:
1498:
1494:
1440:
1439:
1428:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1362:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1238:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1203:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1179:
1150:
1137:Beijerinck 1889
1095:
1087:Brian Taniguchi
1071:F. akiainvivens
1042:
1002:
994:
992:
990:
988:
885:
871:
825:
821:
817:
808:diatomic oxygen
659:bioluminescence
655:
653:Bioluminescence
591:
516:populated with
502:
484:The genome for
469:has the lowest
451:was completely
441:
433:Vibrio fischeri
395:bioluminescence
337:Vibrio fischeri
291:Vibrio fischeri
174:
163:
157:
144:
62:
28:
23:
22:
18:Vibrio fischeri
15:
12:
11:
5:
2659:
2657:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2618:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2594:
2581:
2571:
2558:
2545:
2532:
2519:
2506:
2493:
2480:
2465:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2416:
2404:
2390:
2389:External links
2387:
2384:
2383:
2350:
2317:
2291:
2242:
2178:
2129:
2080:
2031:
2010:(1): 319–331.
1990:
1936:
1911:
1873:
1864:
1812:
1805:
1782:
1731:
1724:
1698:
1672:Marine Biology
1650:
1599:
1545:
1492:
1426:
1408:
1367:
1360:
1340:
1333:
1315:
1300:
1243:
1236:
1215:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1170:Vibrio harveyi
1166:
1164:Model organism
1161:
1159:Marine biology
1156:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1083:Hawaiʻi Senate
1041:
1038:
1006:transformation
1001:
998:
976:
955:acetate switch
900:quorum sensing
877:
870:
869:Quorum sensing
867:
866:
865:
828:
827:
823:
819:
815:
737:light emission
695:The bacterial
678:quorum sensing
654:
651:
590:
587:
501:
498:
440:
437:
399:quorum sensing
391:organic matter
382:. Free-living
356:bioluminescent
326:
325:
324:
323:
308:
288:
277:
261:
245:
234:
218:
202:
183:
182:
176:
175:
164:
153:
152:
146:
145:
138:
136:
132:
131:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
87:Pseudomonadota
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
56:
55:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2658:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2604:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2568:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2470:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2235:
2229:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2191:
2182:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2133:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1835:(1): 123–42.
1834:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1702:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1368:
1363:
1361:0-387-24144-2
1357:
1353:
1352:
1344:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1316:
1311:
1304:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1233:
1229:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1199:
1198:NCBI taxonomy
1195:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1154:Deep sea fish
1152:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1057:state microbe
1054:
1050:
1047:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
999:
986:
985:
981:
974:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
920:
916:
912:
907:
905:
901:
897:
894:
883:
882:
875:
868:
863:
862:
861:
859:
853:
852:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
813:
812:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
748:
744:
740:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
673:
668:
667:transcription
665:is caused by
664:
660:
652:
650:
648:
644:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
607:
603:
599:
595:
588:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
563:
558:
557:
553:in the genus
552:
548:
544:
540:
539:free-floating
536:
533:
529:
525:
519:
515:
511:
506:
499:
497:
495:
491:
488:also carries
487:
483:
481:
476:
472:
468:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
438:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
421:
416:
415:
410:
409:Ribosomal RNA
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
368:heterotrophic
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
346:
342:
341:Gram-negative
338:
334:
333:
320:
316:
312:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
289:
285:
281:
278:
274:
270:
265:
262:
258:
254:
249:
246:
242:
238:
235:
231:
227:
222:
219:
215:
211:
206:
203:
199:
195:
190:
187:
186:
184:
181:
177:
172:
168:
162:
160:
154:
151:
150:Binomial name
147:
143:
142:
137:
134:
133:
130:
129:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
66:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2444:
2412:
2408:
2400:
2396:
2374:. Retrieved
2366:
2353:
2341:. Retrieved
2333:
2320:
2308:. Retrieved
2304:
2294:
2259:
2255:
2245:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2181:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1956:
1952:
1928:. Retrieved
1924:
1914:
1889:
1885:
1867:
1832:
1828:
1795:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1707:
1701:
1676:
1670:
1661:
1653:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1567:
1563:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1495:
1450:
1446:
1421:lpsn.dsmz.de
1420:
1411:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1349:
1343:
1324:
1318:
1309:
1303:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1227:
1209:
1202:. Retrieved
1197:
1168:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1119:Fischer 1888
1116:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1070:
1064:
1052:
1043:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1022:chitohexaose
1017:
1003:
983:
979:
977:
966:
962:
958:
950:
946:
942:
940:
935:
931:
927:
923:
918:
914:
910:
908:
892:
890:
880:
878:
854:
848:luxCDABE-fre
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
829:
795:
787:
783:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
742:
741:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
694:
685:
681:
671:
662:
656:
646:
629:
616:
612:
611:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:
582:
578:
571:light organs
566:
560:
554:
542:
523:
522:
517:
493:
485:
478:
474:
466:
465:
448:
442:
432:
429:correct name
418:
412:
407:
383:
336:
331:
330:
329:
310:
290:
279:
263:
247:
236:
220:
204:
188:
158:
156:
140:
139:
127:
117:Vibrionaceae
51:
35:
29:
2626:Vibrionales
2469:Wikispecies
2359:Taniguchi B
1892:: 319–346.
1570:: 177–194.
1263:(1): e103.
1081:and in the
1049:Glenn Wakai
1034:A. fischeri
1018:A. fischeri
911:A. fischeri
904:autoinducer
840:A. fischeri
780:fatty acids
760:luxCDAB(F)E
756:A. fischeri
743:A. fischeri
709:A. fischeri
707:operon. In
682:A. fischeri
663:A. fischeri
647:A. fischeri
625:photophores
617:A. fischeri
613:A. fischeri
606:A. fischeri
602:A. fischeri
598:A. fischeri
594:A. fischeri
583:A. fischeri
567:A. fischeri
543:A. fischeri
532:subtropical
524:A. fischeri
514:photophores
494:A. fischeri
486:A. fischeri
480:V. cholerae
471:G+C content
467:A. fischeri
457:chromosomes
449:A. fischeri
384:A. fischeri
200:et al. 1930
173:et al. 2007
107:Vibrionales
2620:Categories
2411:operon in
2376:22 October
2343:22 October
2310:24 October
1930:2020-04-26
1204:6 December
1177:References
1079:Isaac Choy
826:O + light.
790:codes for
701:luciferase
643:camouflage
636:reflectins
461:base pairs
420:Aliivibrio
345:rod-shaped
335:(formerly
296:Beijerinck
284:Beijerinck
253:Beijerinck
210:Beijerinck
194:Beijerinck
167:Beijerinck
128:Aliivibrio
2646:Symbiosis
1277:1934-8525
1044:In 2014,
776:reductase
713:luxCDABEG
697:luciferin
634:known as
581:), where
547:symbionts
528:temperate
453:sequenced
366:. It is
360:symbiosis
348:bacterium
315:Weisglass
226:Eisenberg
171:Urbanczyk
135:Species:
2528:11734129
2454:Wikidata
2422:Archived
2363:"SB1212"
2330:"HB1217"
2286:21966921
2228:30886606
2173:22825856
2124:17400743
2075:18487321
2026:14507383
1985:15901683
1906:16212498
1769:20448176
1693:86576334
1645:24348467
1594:24995875
1540:38695522
1531:11112999
1487:15703294
1403:18048732
1295:32497392
1148:See also
887:emission
846:(giving
804:aldehyde
762:, where
632:proteins
621:ciliated
565:, where
556:Euprymna
380:flagella
214:Trevisan
180:Synonyms
113:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Bacteria
73:Domain:
2515:5908955
2484:BacDive
2460:Q148731
2277:3034104
2219:6409340
2202:: 365.
2164:3526984
2115:1913387
2066:2519518
1976:1112064
1859:2030669
1777:2375135
1749:Bibcode
1741:Science
1636:3843225
1619:: 356.
1585:6281398
1455:Bibcode
1286:7337994
1061:Hawaiʻi
1055:as the
987:
884:
733:inhibit
669:of the
562:Sepiola
512:, its
500:Ecology
339:) is a
304:Neumann
300:Lehmann
269:Russell
257:Chester
241:Fischer
230:Chester
123:Genus:
103:Order:
93:Class:
2603:570701
2574:NZOR:
2541:959178
2326:Choy I
2284:
2274:
2226:
2216:
2171:
2161:
2122:
2112:
2073:
2063:
2024:
1983:
1973:
1925:PubMed
1904:
1857:
1850:372803
1847:
1803:
1775:
1767:
1722:
1691:
1643:
1633:
1592:
1582:
1538:
1528:
1485:
1478:549501
1475:
1401:
1358:
1331:
1293:
1283:
1275:
1234:
1014:genome
896:operon
794:, and
772:luxCDE
729:induce
725:operon
674:operon
551:squids
475:Vibrio
473:of 27
445:genome
439:Genome
414:Vibrio
386:cells
376:motile
374:, and
352:marine
302:&
298:1889)
273:Migula
271:1892)
255:1889)
228:1891)
212:1889)
198:Bergey
196:1889)
169:1889)
2598:WoRMS
2590:79581
2523:IRMNG
2489:17248
1773:S2CID
1689:S2CID
1667:(PDF)
856:acyl-
838:. In
784:luxC
319:Skreb
306:1896
2562:NCBI
2549:LPSN
2536:ITIS
2510:GBIF
2502:BS9Y
2378:2017
2345:2017
2312:2017
2282:PMID
2224:PMID
2169:PMID
2120:PMID
2071:PMID
2022:PMID
1981:PMID
1902:PMID
1855:PMID
1801:ISBN
1765:PMID
1720:ISBN
1641:PMID
1590:PMID
1536:PMID
1483:PMID
1399:PMID
1356:ISBN
1329:ISBN
1291:PMID
1273:ISSN
1232:ISBN
1206:2017
1030:tfoY
1028:and
1026:tfoX
965:and
945:and
934:and
844:luxE
836:luxG
814:FMNH
796:luxE
788:luxD
768:luxB
766:and
764:luxA
721:luxI
719:and
717:luxR
657:The
559:and
530:and
508:The
447:for
443:The
321:1963
317:and
286:1889
275:1900
259:1901
243:1888
232:1897
216:1889
2567:668
2497:CoL
2409:lux
2272:PMC
2264:doi
2214:PMC
2204:doi
2159:PMC
2151:doi
2110:PMC
2102:doi
2098:189
2061:PMC
2053:doi
2049:190
2012:doi
1971:PMC
1961:doi
1957:187
1894:doi
1845:PMC
1837:doi
1757:doi
1745:328
1712:doi
1681:doi
1677:144
1631:PMC
1621:doi
1580:PMC
1572:doi
1526:PMC
1518:doi
1514:206
1473:PMC
1463:doi
1451:102
1389:doi
1281:PMC
1265:doi
1085:by
1077:by
1059:of
1010:DNA
980:lux
967:lux
963:ain
959:lux
951:ain
947:lux
943:ain
936:lux
932:ain
928:lux
924:ain
919:lux
915:lux
909:In
898:is
893:lux
858:ACP
832:fre
818:+ O
806:by
752:lux
731:or
705:lux
686:lux
672:lux
661:of
2622::
2600::
2587::
2564::
2551::
2538::
2525::
2512::
2499::
2486::
2471::
2456::
2365:.
2332:.
2303:.
2280:.
2270:.
2260:12
2258:.
2254:.
2222:.
2212:.
2200:10
2198:.
2194:.
2167:.
2157:.
2147:21
2145:.
2141:.
2118:.
2108:.
2096:.
2092:.
2069:.
2059:.
2047:.
2043:.
2020:.
2008:50
2006:.
2002:.
1979:.
1969:.
1955:.
1951:.
1939:^
1923:.
1900:.
1890:21
1888:.
1876:^
1853:.
1843:.
1833:55
1831:.
1827:.
1815:^
1785:^
1771:.
1763:.
1755:.
1743:.
1718:.
1687:.
1675:.
1669:.
1639:.
1629:.
1615:.
1611:.
1588:.
1578:.
1568:68
1566:.
1562:.
1548:^
1534:.
1524:.
1512:.
1508:.
1481:.
1471:.
1461:.
1449:.
1445:.
1429:^
1419:.
1397:.
1385:57
1383:.
1379:.
1289:.
1279:.
1271:.
1261:57
1259:.
1255:.
1218:^
1208:.
1196:.
1185:^
1089:.
739:.
649:.
397:,
370:,
343:,
2380:.
2347:.
2314:.
2288:.
2266::
2230:.
2206::
2175:.
2153::
2126:.
2104::
2077:.
2055::
2028:.
2014::
1987:.
1963::
1933:.
1908:.
1896::
1861:.
1839::
1809:.
1779:.
1759::
1751::
1728:.
1714::
1695:.
1683::
1647:.
1623::
1617:4
1596:.
1574::
1542:.
1520::
1489:.
1465::
1457::
1423:.
1405:.
1391::
1364:.
1337:.
1297:.
1267::
1240:.
824:2
820:2
816:2
699:-
577:(
482:.
294:(
267:(
251:(
224:(
208:(
192:(
165:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
