Vietnam Veterans Memorial

1118: 642: 811: 1344:, showing how the war has been represented in subsequent decades, performed by professional musicians and Vietnam veterans. The songs present patriotic tributes to the names on the Wall, the perspective of families and friends, as well as recriminations and anti-war sentiment. One of the first songs released on record was "The Wall" by Britt Small & Festival, who performed the song at the memorial in November 1982, and subsequently released as a 7" single. This was followed by "Who are the names on the Wall?", by Vietnam veterans Michael J. Martin and Tim Holiday, also released in 1982. In 1983, contemporary folk artist 70: 53: 1252:-acre site overlooking Pensacola Bay, which also includes a World War I Memorial, a World War II Memorial, a Korean War Memorial, a Revolutionary War Memorial and a running series of plaques to honor local casualties from the Global War on Terror. There is also a Purple Heart Memorial, a Marine Corps Aviation Bell Tower and a monument to the submarine lifeguards who rescued Navy pilots in World War II. A Global War on Terror Memorial is planned to be completed in 2017 and will include an artifact from the World Trade Center as a component of the sculpture. 1155:, who consider escorting The Moving Wall to be a "special mission", which is coordinated on their website. As it passes towns, even when it is not planning a stop in those towns, local veterans organizations sometimes plan for local citizens to gather by the highway and across overpasses to wave flags and salute the Wall. The first Moving Wall structure to retire has been on permanent display at the Veterans Memorial Amphitheater in Pittsburg, Kansas since 2004. The Memorial is open to the public with no admission fee, 24 hours a day, year-round. 761:(who designed the sculpture that was part of the third-place winner in the original design competition) was commissioned to produce a bronze figurative sculpture. Opponents of Lin's design wanted to place this sculpture of three soldiers at the apex of the two walls, to make the soldiers the focal point of the memorial and the Wall a mere backdrop. In the end, the sculpture was placed in an entry plaza. On October 13, 1982, the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts approved the addition of the flagstaff and the Hart sculptures. The statue 1056:. A 37,000-square-foot (3,400 m) two-story museum, located below ground just west of the Maya Lin-designed memorial, was proposed to display the history of the Vietnam War and the multiple design competitions and artworks which make up the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Vietnam Women's Memorial, and the Memorial Plaque. The center would have also provided biographical details on and photographs of many of the 58,000 names listed on the Wall as well as the more than 6,600 servicemembers killed since 2001 fighting the 377: 396: 1147:

became very long. Vietnam Combat Veterans built a second structure of The Moving Wall. A third structure was added in 1989. In 2001, one of the structures was retired due to wear. By 2006, there had been more than 1,000 hometown visits of The Moving Wall. The count of people who visited The Moving Wall at each display ranges from 5,000 to more than 50,000; the total estimate of visitors is in the tens of millions. As the wall moves from town to town on interstates, it is often escorted by

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their Vietnam War service. For those who died during the war, their name is placed in a position that relates to their date of death. For those who died after the war, their name is placed in a position that relates to the date of their injury. Because space is usually not available in the exact right place, names are placed as close to their correct chronological position as possible, but usually not in the exact spot. The order could be corrected as panels are replaced.

1077: 1069: 452: 824: 4343: 4333: 493:. The names are listed in chronological order, starting at the apex on panel 1E on July 8, 1959, moving day by day to the end of the eastern wall at panel 70E, which ended on May 25, 1968, starting again at panel 70W at the end of the western wall, completing the list for May 25, 1968, and returning to the apex at panel 1W in 1975. There are some deaths that predate July 8, 1959, including the death of 1332:, California, is modeled on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in that it includes a chronological list of the dead engraved in dark granite. As the memorialized wars (in Iraq and Afghanistan) have not concluded, the Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial will be updated yearly. It has space for about 8000 names, of which 5,714 were engraved as of the Dedication of the Memorial on November 14, 2010. 102: 77: 1282:, the Layton Vietnam Memorial Wall at 437 N Wasatch Dr, 84041, contains the names of all 58,000 Americans who died in the war. According to Utah Vietnam Veterans of America, the wall is 80 percent of the original size of the memorial in Washington, D.C., and it is the only replica of its size west of the Mississippi. The memorial was officially opened and dedicated on July 14, 2018. 1160: 4353: 999:(design model). Goodacre's original design for the Women's Memorial statue included a standing figure of a nurse holding a Vietnamese baby, which although not intended as such, was deemed a political statement, and it was asked that this be removed. She replaced them with a figure of a kneeling woman holding an empty helmet. On November 11, 1993, the 841: 563:, while the third is intended to represent all other ethnic groups in America. In their final arrangement, the statue and the Wall appear to interact with one another, with the soldiers looking on in solemn tribute at the names of their fallen comrades. The distance between the two allows them to interact without affecting the design of the other. 1238:, the first permanent replica of the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial was unveiled on October 24, 1992. Now known as "Wall South," the half-size replica bears the names of all Americans killed or missing in Southeast Asia and is updated each Mother's Day. It is the centerpiece of Veterans Memorial Park Pensacola, a 702:, with a first prize of $ 20,000. The competition was open to any American over 18 years of age, and by the end of the year 1980, 2,573 individuals and teams had registered for the competition, and by the deadline of March 30, 1981, 1,421 designs were submitted. The designs were displayed at an airport hangar at 1060:. The $ 115-million museum would be jointly operated by the Park Service and the Fund. A ceremonial groundbreaking for the project occurred in November 2012, but insufficient fundraising led the Fund to cancel construction of the center in September 2018 and instead focus on digital education and outreach. 3642:

service to their country. Sen. Gore also pledged to investigate every POW and MIA from the Vietnam War, and also improve the veterans health care system. Following the speeches, Sen. Gore and Mr. Scruggs placed a wreath at the base of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, and a lone bugle player played 'Taps'.

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offers visitors an exact full-sized replica. The MNVM Board was adamant that this would be an exact replication of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, character by character. Its mission is to pay tribute to all service men and women and their families and provide an environment for peaceful

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Since 1982, over 400 names have been added to the memorial, but not necessarily in chronological order. Some were men who died in Vietnam but were left off the list due to clerical errors. Others died after 1982, and their deaths were determined by the Department of Defense to be the direct result of

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Those who were confirmed as dead are denoted by a diamond shape next to the name, and those who are status unknown are denoted with a "cross" sign. When the death of one who was previously missing is confirmed, a diamond is superimposed over the cross. If a missing man were to return alive, which has

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The names on the Wall, originally numbering 57,939 when it was dedicated in 1982, are listed in the chronological order of the dates of casualty. Additional names have been added throughout the years since: as of May 2018 there are 58,320 names. The number of names on the wall differs from other

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began in 1987 when friends who had gathered for a class reunion wanted to find a way to honor their fallen classmates. The project quickly grew from honoring only Cowley County servicemen to representing all 777 servicemen and nurses from Kansas who lost their lives or are missing in action from the

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There are circumstances that allow for a name to be added to the Memorial, but the death must be directly attributed to a wound received within the combat zone while on active duty. The determination of addition is made by the Department of Defense. In these cases, the name is added according to the

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A number of dignitaries spoke at a ceremony marking the tenth anniversary of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial on a rainy day in Washington, DC. The keynote speakers, former Lebanese hostage Terry Anderson and Vice President-elect Al Gore, Jr., honored the Vietnam War veterans living and dead for their

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October 21, 1957 – Capt. Harry Griffith Cramer, Jr., a graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point, was killed near Nha Trang, Vietnam. He served in Korea, where he was injured and awarded the Purple Heart, as well as in Vietnam. He was the first US Army soldier to be killed

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transports the 375-foot (114 m) wall replica and converts to a mobile Education Center at each stop, showing letters and memorabilia left at The Wall in Washington, D.C., and more details about those whose names are shown. An earlier half-scale 250-foot (76 m) replica has been retired to

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visits hundreds of small towns and cities throughout the U.S., staying five or six days at each site. Local arrangements for each visit are made months in advance by veterans' organizations and other civic groups. The desire for a hometown visit of The Moving Wall was so high that the waiting list

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Items left at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial are collected by National Park Service employees and transferred to the NPS Museum Resource Center, which catalogs and stores all items except perishable organic matter (such as fresh flowers) and unaltered U.S. flags. The flags are redistributed through

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for the women of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. Before Goodacre's design was selected, two design entries had been awarded as co-finalists – one a statue and the other a setting – however, the two designs were unable to be reconciled. Glenna Goodacre's entry received an honorable

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Furthermore, over 100 names have been identified as misspelled. In some cases, the correction could be done in place. In others, the name had to be chiseled again elsewhere, moving them out of chronological order. Others have remained in place, with the misspelling, at the request of their family.

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The memorial was dedicated on November 13, 1982, as part of a five-day ceremony that began on November 10, 1982, called the "National Salute to Vietnam Veterans," which included a reading of names at the National Cathedral, unit reunions, an entertainers' show, a parade, the Memorial's dedication,

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On September 7, 2007, an oily substance was found by park rangers on the memorial's wall panels and paving stones. It was spread over an area of 50–60 feet (15–18 m). Memorial Fund founder Jan Scruggs deplored the scene, calling it an "act of vandalism on one of America's sacred places". The

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does not recognize this date since the men were supposedly training only the Vietnamese, so the officially recognized date is the formation of the Military Assistance Command Viet Nam, better known as MACV. This marked the official beginning of American involvement in the war as recognized by the

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The memorial has had some unforeseen maintenance issues. In 1984, cracks were detected in the granite and, as a result, two of the panels were temporarily removed in 1986 for study. More cracks were later discovered in 2010. There are a number of hypotheses about the cause of the cracks, the most

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guidelines was dedicated. Ruth Coder Fitzgerald, the founder of The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project, worked for years and struggled against opposition to have the In Memory Memorial Plaque completed. The organization was disbanded, but their website is maintained by the Vietnam War

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for the selection jury, in rows covering more than 35,000 square feet (3,300 m) of floor space. Each entry was identified by number only. All entries were examined by each juror; the entries were narrowed down to 232, then to 39. Finally, the jury selected entry number 1026, which had been

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The Vietnam Women's Memorial is dedicated to the women of the United States who served in the Vietnam War, most of whom were nurses. It serves as a reminder of the importance of women in the conflict. It depicts three uniformed women with a wounded soldier. It is located on the National Mall in

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The names of 32 men were erroneously included in the memorial, and while those names remain on the wall, they have been removed from the databases and printed directories. The extra names resulted from a deliberate decision to err on the side of inclusiveness, with 38 questionable names being

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panels that are polished to a high finish. Seventy of the panels on each wall are inscribed with the names of the men and women being honored. The walls taper from 8 inches (200 mm) tall at their extremities to 10.1 feet (3.1 m) tall at the apex where they meet, their bottom edges

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descending below the level of the surrounding earth while their top edges stay level. As such, visitors walking the length of the memorial start at ground level, descend below it, and ascend back to ground level. This is symbolic of a "wound that is closed and healing" and exemplifies the

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The selected design was controversial, in particular due to its black color, its lack of ornamentation, and its configuration below ground level. Among other attacks, it was called "a black gash of shame and sorrow." Two prominent early supporters of the project,

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Visitors to the memorial began leaving sentimental items at the memorial at its opening. They continue leaving objects forty years after the dedication of the memorial. One story claims this practice began during construction when a Vietnam veteran threw the

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and Robert W. Doubek, a former Air Force intelligence officer. In recognition of their leadership, Scruggs, Wheeler, and Doubek were nominated for the Congressional Gold Medal in 1986. Eventually, $ 8.4 million was raised through private donations.

1259:, The Wildwoods Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall was unveiled and dedicated on May 29, 2010. The memorial wall is an almost half-size granite replica of the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial and the only permanent memorial north of the nation's capital. 610:

Ruth Coder Fitzgerald, the founder of The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project, worked for years to have the In Memory Memorial Plaque completed. The organization has been dissolved, but its web site is maintained by the Vietnam War Project at

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common being due to thermal cycling. In 1990, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund purchased several blank panels to use in case any were ever damaged; these were placed into storage at Quantico Marine Base. Two of the blank panels were shattered by the

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guidelines. The plaque is a carved block of black granite, 3 by 2 feet (0.91 by 0.61 m), inscribed "In memory of the men and women who served in the Vietnam War and later died as a result of their service. We honor and remember their sacrifice."

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his brother received posthumously into the concrete of the memorial's foundation. Several thousand items are left at the memorial each year. The largest item left at the memorial was a sliding glass storm door with a full-size replica

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Created by the American Veterans Traveling Tribute, The Traveling Wall is an 80% replica Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall and is 360 feet (110 m) long and 8 feet (2.4 m) tall at its apex. It claims to be the largest traveling

431:, meeting at an angle of 125° 12′. Each wall has 72 panels, 70 listing names (numbered 1E through 70E and 70W through 1W), and two very small blank panels at the extremities. A pathway for visitors extends along the base of the Wall. 1137:

Using personal finances, John Devitt founded Vietnam Combat Veterans, Ltd. With the help of friends, the half-size replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, named The Moving Wall, was built and first put on display to the public in

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exists a half-scale replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial wall that duplicates the original design. Dedicated in 2014, the 250-foot wall is constructed with black granite mined from the same quarry in India as the original.

602:), was dedicated on November 10, 2004, at the northeast corner of the plaza surrounding the Three Soldiers statue to honor veterans who died after the war as a result of injuries suffered in Vietnam, but who fall outside 6896: 3728: 750:, delayed issuing a building permit for the Memorial due to the political opposition. Since its early years, criticism of the Memorial's design faded. In the words of Scruggs, "It has become something of a shrine." 355:

and receives around three million visitors each year. It was initially controversial for its lack of heroic ornamentation and iconography, but its reputation improved over time. In 2007, it was ranked tenth on the

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walls engraved with the names of those service members who died or remain missing as a result of their service in Vietnam and South East Asia during the war. The Memorial Wall was designed by American architect

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reflection. The memorial offers a welcome Center fully insulated from the elements, indoor military museum, scenic views, a gorgeous clear skyline and plenty of parking. All features are wheelchair accessible.

661:, Inc. (VVMF) was incorporated as a non-profit organization to establish a memorial to honor the veterans of the Vietnam War. The impetus for the founding of VVMF fund came from a wounded Vietnam War veteran, 7526: 6939: 5302: 7476: 1132:

There are several transportable replicas of the Vietnam Veteran's Memorial created so those who are not able to travel to Washington, D.C., would be able to simulate an experience of visiting the Wall.

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is not a replica but follows the principles set forth by the national monument of honoring those fallen in Vietnam with inscriptions of the names, 169 total, who made the supreme sacrifice in Vietnam.

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Inscribed on the Memorial are the names of service members who were classified as dead, missing, or prisoner. The list includes names of individuals who died due to circumstances other than

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in the line of duty in the Vietnam War. A street at Fort Lewis, Washington, is named in his honor. He is buried at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.

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Washington, D.C., a short distance south of The Wall, north of the Reflecting Pool. It was authorized by separate legislation from that of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.

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movement of the 1960s, which produced sculptures that sought to reconnect with the natural environment. The stone for the 144 panels was quarried in Bangalore, India.

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immediately upon his return to the United States after his second completed tour of duty. His survival only came to the attention of government authorities in 1996.

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May 15, 1975 – 18 U.S. servicemen (14 Marines, two Navy corpsmen, and two Air Force crewmen) are killed on the last day of a rescue operation known as the

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Blair, Carole; Jeppeson, Marsha S. & Pucci, Enrico Jr. (August 1991). "Public Memorializing in Postmodernity: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial as Prototype".

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Griswold, Charles L. (Summer 1986). "The Vietnam Veterans Memorial and the Washington Mall: Philosophical Thoughts on Political Iconography".

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counts of U.S. Vietnam War deaths. Directories of the names and their locations are located on nearby podiums at both ends of the Memorial.

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Friedman, Daniel S. (November 1995). "Public Things in the Modern City: Belated Notes on Tilted Arc and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

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The memorial is composed of two adjoining walls. Each wall is 246 feet 9 inches (75.21 m) long and is composed of 72

7094: 7312: 7146: 6412: 5292: 5204: 5051: 4873: 4846: 4375: 4233: 3874: 3839: 3753: 2259: 1488: 1053: 463:, including murder, vehicle accidents, drowning, heart attack, animal attack, snake bites and others. The names are inscribed in 361: 35: 7322: 5669: 5534: 5509: 5071: 4839: 4570: 3742: 2361: 483: 384: 7420: 7385: 7113: 6934: 5687: 5579: 4726: 4413: 3783: 3778: 2051: 1187: 863: 658: 2285: 1289:, opened in 2018. This Vietnam Veteran's Memorial Wall is 360 feet long, an 80 percent scale of the one in Washington D.C. 951:. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs uses May 7, 1975, as the official end date for the Vietnam War era as defined by 775:

On March 11, 1982, the revised design was formally approved, and on March 26, 1982, ground was formally broken. Stone from

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scale of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial and is almost 300 feet (91 m) long and 6 feet (1.8 m) tall at the center.

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The earliest date of eligibility for a name to be included on the Memorial is November 1, 1955, which corresponds to when

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Carlson, A. Cheree & Hocking, John E. (September 1988). "Strategies of Redemption at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

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released "Long Black Wall" on the "CooP Fast Folk Musical Magazine (Vol. 2, No. 4) - Political Song", published by

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Resnicoff, Arnold E. (2009). "Dedication Prayer for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial". In Moore, James P. Jr. (ed.).

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McLeod, Mary (1989). "The Battle for the Monument: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial". In Lipstadt, Helene (ed.).

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Reluctant Soldier... Proud Veteran: How a cynical Vietnam vet learned to take pride in his service to the USA

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There have been hundreds of incidents of vandalism at the memorial wall. Some of the most notable cases are:

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In 2003, after some years of lobbying, the National Park Service and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund won

916: 800: 763: 734:, withdrew their support once they saw the design. Webb said, "I never in my wildest dreams imagined such a 535: 328: 4356: 779:, India, was chosen because of its reflective quality; Cutting and fabrication of the panels were done in 376: 7501: 7436: 7201: 7131: 7123: 6855: 6731: 6655: 6454: 6179: 5775: 5504: 5449: 5424: 4764: 4473: 4448: 4200: 4152: 3864: 1594: 1032: 1008: 703: 688: 599: 395: 31: 2011: 633:. The door was painted with a scene from Vietnam and the names of U.S. POWs and MIAs from the conflict. 7246: 7186: 7053: 6746: 6641: 6601: 6525: 6518: 6483: 6462: 6391: 6313: 6270: 6112: 5725: 5599: 5552: 5479: 5444: 4956: 4782: 4769: 4674: 4580: 4463: 4055: 4014: 2909: 1523: 903:, referred to now as MAAG, to train the South Vietnamese military units and secret police. However, the 780: 612: 512:

There are eight women’s names included in the memorial—Eleanor Grace Alexander, Pamela Dorothy Donovan,

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One panel of The Wall, displaying some of the names of fallen U.S. service members from the Vietnam War

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is a traveling three-quarter scale replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial started in 1996 by the

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previously occupied that area. VVMF decided to choose a design for the Memorial through a national

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Ellis, Caron S. (Summer 1992). "So Old Soldiers Don't Fade Away: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

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The National Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Context: Commemorative Public Art in America, 1960–1997

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Created by Vietnam and All Veterans of Brevard, Inc, The Vietnam Traveling Memorial Wall is a

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process. Typesetting of the original 57,939 names on the wall was performed by Datalantic in

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In April 1988, when a swastika and various scratches were found etched in two of the panels.

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Haines, Harry (1986). "'What Kind of War?': An Analysis of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

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Building Stones and Geomorphology of Washington, D.C.: The Jim O'Connor Memorial Field Trip

1178:, holds the Northland Vietnam Veterans Memorial, a site that was dedicated on May 30, 1992. 1068: 856:. In particular, this list has no description and the criterion for inclusion is ambiguous. 451: 7365: 7357: 6689: 6572: 6546: 6186: 6154: 6085: 5097: 5061: 5026: 4307: 4212: 4131: 3918: 3353: 2148:

Washington, Mailing Address: 900 Ohio Drive SW; Us, DC 20024 Phone: 202-426-6841 Contact.

1345: 1191: 1143: 1121: 991: 823: 667: 521: 486:. The last date of eligibility is May 15, 1975, which corresponds to the final day of the 302: 3140: 2311: 1652: 3206:

Foss, Sonja K. (Summer 1986). "Ambiguity as Persuasion: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

7497:

Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

7292: 6596: 6360: 6306: 6161: 6060: 5266: 5225: 5137: 4814: 4792: 4774: 4637: 4617: 4086: 4060: 4010: 3550: 3516: 3399: 3107:

Carney, Lora S. (1993). "Not Telling Us What to Think: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

3036: 2992: 1363: 1101: 1097: 948: 654: 326:

architecture. The Wall, completed in 1982, has since been supplemented with the statue

3854: 3323:

Hess, Elizabeth (1987). "Vietnam: Memorials of Misfortune". In Williams, Reese (ed.).

1513: 1195:

permanent display in front of the James E. Van Zandt VA Medical Center in Altoona, PA.

269: 7460: 7410: 7156: 6669: 6553: 6511: 6200: 5132: 5031: 5016: 4888: 3983: 3738: 3720: 3662:

U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Vietnam Veterans Memorial

3657:

U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Vietnam Veterans Memorial

3599: 3553:(Summer 1991). "The Wall, the Screen, and the Image: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial". 3473: 3358: 3325: 3278: 3015: 1321: 1148: 1057: 788: 747: 739: 344: 314: 7487:

Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

3503:

Scott, Grant F. (Fall 1990). "Meditations in Black: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

2336: 1424:

In 1993, someone burned one of the directory stands at the entrance to the memorial.

1088:

From 1992 to 2003, selected items from the collection were placed on exhibit at the

6591: 5192: 5182: 4961: 4731: 4101: 3566: 3529: 3463: 3240: 3128: 2643: 1685: 1279: 1139: 931: 792: 625: 471:. Information about rank, unit, or decorations is not provided on the Wall itself. 468: 3475:

Shrapnel in the Heart: Letters and Remembrances from the Vietnam Veterans Memorial

1938: 1352:. Commercially successful songs include: "More Than a Name on the Wall" (1989) by 5339: 3144: 2535: 2149: 1656: 956: 7274: 7264: 7191: 6277: 5066: 4988: 4946: 4929: 4754: 4367: 3697: 3524: 2029: 970: 828: 692: 662: 310: 17: 2762: 2511:"After $ 23M Spent, Plans for Vietnam Wall Education Center Have Been Scrapped" 2460:"Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund changes direction of Education Center campaign" 911:

June 8, 1956 – The first official death in Vietnam was Technical Sergeant

7375: 6532: 6398: 6228: 4804: 3299: 3219: 3198: 3120: 3099: 3065: 2485:"Plan to build Vietnam War education center on the National Mall is abandoned" 1340:

The Vietnam Veteran's Memorial Wall inspired over 60 songs, identified by the

727: 672: 323: 3439: 1550: 1466:, chartered by Congress and campaigns on issues important to Vietnam veterans 150: 137: 6346: 3732: 2748: 1349: 1293: 776: 3401:

Between the Lines: Photographs from the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial

2857:

Hugo Keesing and Wouter Keesing with C.L. Yarbrough & Justin Brummer.

1159: 540:

A component of the Memorial, located a short distance from the Wall, is a

6147: 1400: 996: 935: 754: 735: 731: 720: 708: 555:). The work depicts three soldiers. Two are purposefully identifiable as 417: 319: 256: 3017:

Their Names to Live: What the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Means to America

1736: 1151:

and up to thousands of local citizens on motorcycles. Many of these are

2611: 2188: 1902: 1857:"The Vietnam Veterans Memorial – A Model Partnership on America's Mall" 796: 3309:

Carried to the Wall: American Memory and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial

2662:"Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund – The Wall That Heals: Mobile Exhibit" 2536:"Collections - Vietnam Veterans Memorial (U.S. National Park Service)" 2150:"Collections - Vietnam Veterans Memorial (U.S. National Park Service)" 475:

never occurred to date, the cross is to be circumscribed by a circle.

3628: 3614: 2238:"Vietnam Veterans' Memorial Founder: Monument Almost Never Got Built" 2116: 544: 541: 505:

included. One person, whose name was added as late as 1992, had gone

464: 412: 2603: 2435:"Ground is broken for education center at Vietnam Veterans Memorial" 1571: 1292:

Missouri’s National Veterans Memorial located about 1 hour south of

1262:

Plans for the Vietnam War Memorial located 401 East Ninth Street in

787:, where the names were inscribed. The inscriptions were done with a 3591: 3450:(February 1997). "A Space of Loss: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial". 3420:

Nau, Terry L. (2013). "Chapter 11: "The Wall" Heals Vietnam Vets".

3270: 1686:"Building Stones of Our Nation's Capital: Walking Tour Stops 34-39" 1385:" (1991), which referenced the memorial, and reaching #4 in the US 799:, Georgia. The negatives used in the process are in storage at the 3185:

Ehrenhaus, Peter (March 1988). "Silence and Symbolic Expression".

2587: 1514:"National Register Information System – (#01000285)" 1215:

Created by Dignity Memorial, the Dignity Memorial Vietnam Wall is

1158: 1116: 1075: 1067: 822: 809: 640: 450: 394: 375: 3381:

The Wall: Images and Offerings from the Vietnam Veterans Memorial

1389:

rock charts. Other well-known songs include "The Wall" (2014) by

973:

in Cambodia. They are the last servicemen listed on the timeline.

3618: 506: 6878: 5343: 4371: 3670: 3576:"The Vietnam Veterans Memorial: Commemorating a Difficult Past" 2820: 3666: 2994:

Always to Remember: The Story of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial

2561: 2015: 1003:

was dedicated. There is a smaller replica of that memorial at

995:

mention in the contest and she was asked to submit a modified

834: 1737:"Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund | Frequently Asked Questions" 482:

deployed the Military Assistance Advisory Group to train the

2910:"Vandals Scratch Swastika on Face of Viet Veterans Memorial" 1813:"New cracks discovered in Wall at Vietnam Veterans Memorial" 1096:

as "Personal Legacy: The Healing of a Nation" including the

683:

On July 1, 1980, a site consisting of two acres next to the

3653:– Online database of names on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial 3340:

Hubbard, William (Winter 1984). "A Meaning for Monuments".

3041:

History & Memory: Studies in Representation of the Past

2661: 649:

site, with the Munitions buildings behind the Navy building

1539:"ART/ARCHITECTURE; Out of Minimalism, Monuments to Memory" 205: 2961:(Leaflet). National Park Service. GPO:2004—304–377/00203. 1616:"The Post Could Have Better Explained Cracks in the Wall" 7527:

Vietnam War monuments and memorials in the United States

5303:

National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

2777:"Vietnam memorial replica dedicated in South Sioux City" 2213:

Creating the Vietnam Veterans Memorial: The Inside Story

7477:

Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

5298:

List of National Historic Landmarks in Washington, D.C.

1878:"Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund – Founders of The Wall" 1019:

On November 10, 2000, a memorial plaque, authorized by

814:

Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall with Christmas ornaments

313:. The two-acre (8,100 m) site is dominated by two 3424:. Leipzig: Amazon Distribution GmbH. pp. 101–12. 2260:"A Milestone for a Memorial that Has Touched Millions" 2117:"The Vietnam Project Portal – Association Portal Page" 1991:"38 Veterans Listed on Wall May Have Survived Vietnam" 1877: 1362:

Hot Country Singles chart; "The Big Parade" (1989) by

5108:

Boundary markers of the original District of Columbia

2115:

Dutill, The Vietnam Project, Michael (July 1, 2002).

586:

A memorial plaque, authorized by an Act of Congress (

5967:

Founders of the Daughters of the American Revolution

3574:

Wagner-Pacific, Robin & Schwartz, Barry (1991).

3131:(August 31, 1985). "The Vietnam Veterans Memorial". 2050:

Schmitt, Eric; Molotsky, Irvin (November 12, 1990).

7429: 7356: 7283: 7255: 7145: 7122: 7085: 7062: 7004: 6966: 6948: 6925: 6916: 6815: 6764: 6699: 6563: 6132: 6013: 5924: 5880: 5794: 5709: 5377: 5280: 5249: 5218: 5146: 5090: 5002: 4742: 4406: 4279: 4226: 4183: 4145: 4069: 3893: 3827: 3794: 3713: 2362:"Vietnam Memorial Has Spelling Errors Set In Stone" 2092:"The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project" 275: 262: 252: 218: 200: 190: 182: 174: 166: 129: 118: 45: 3528: 3472: 3398: 3357: 3324: 3014: 2991: 1021: 588: 399:The monument's eastern portion points towards the 7077:President Lincoln's Cottage at the Soldiers' Home 101: 76: 6663:George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door 5231:National Desert Storm and Desert Shield Memorial 4529:Japanese American Patriotism During World War II 2399: 2397: 7298:Belmont–Paul Women's Equality National Monument 6406:The Mama Ayesha's Restaurant Presidential Mural 4429:Belmont–Paul Women's Equality National Monument 3531:To Heal a Nation: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial 2384:"Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project" 2286:"Vietnam War Memorial dedicated, Nov. 13, 1982" 2052:"Sculptor Picked for Vietnam Memorial to Women" 1449:List of national memorials of the United States 5210:Women in Military Service for America Memorial 4820:John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts 3327:Unwinding the Vietnam War: From War into Peace 3319:Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 3146:Monuments: America's History in Art and Memory 3021:. Brookfield, CT: Twenty-first Century Press. 2859:"Vietnam on Record: An Incomplete Discography" 2189:"MRCE: Frequently Asked Questions (continued)" 1658:Monuments: America's History in Art and Memory 1439:List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 2 919:, who was murdered by another U.S.A.F. airman. 524:, and Hedwig Diane Orlowski. All were nurses. 364:. As a national memorial, it is listed on the 7492:Landscape design history of the United States 6890: 5355: 5288:National Capital Memorial Advisory Commission 4383: 3682: 1428:removal process took a few weeks to complete. 520:, Elizabeth Ann Jones, Mary Therese Klinker, 8: 6354:(Here I Stand) In the Spirit of Paul Robeson 2931:"Substance on Vietnam Memorial is Vandalism" 2821:"The Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial" 2133:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 862:. There might be a discussion about this on 831:at Vietnam Veterans Memorial on July 4, 2002 383:of The Wall taken on April 26, 2002, by the 7522:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C. 4218:Normalization of US–Vietnam relations 3405:. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. 3311:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2885:"Vietnam War: Veterans Memorial Wall Songs" 2623: 2621: 2173:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 7482:Buildings and structures completed in 1982 6922: 6897: 6883: 6875: 6560: 6010: 5988:Signers of the Declaration of Independence 5706: 5362: 5348: 5340: 4633:Signers of the Declaration of Independence 4390: 4376: 4368: 3689: 3675: 3667: 3317:Sacrificing Soldiers on the National Mall. 2916:. United Press International. May 3, 1988. 2796:"Vietnam War Memorial Unveiled in Augusta" 2074:"A Belated Salute to the Women Who Served" 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1704:"History of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial" 1459:Vietnam Forces National Memorial, Canberra 1310:Augusta-CSRA Vietnam War Veterans Memorial 42: 27:U.S. national memorial in Washington, D.C. 4800:Frederick Douglass National Historic Site 2253: 2251: 2110: 2108: 1598: 882:Learn how and when to remove this message 721:Maya Lin § Vietnam Veterans Memorial 233:U.S. National Register of Historic Places 34:. For the memorial in Austin, Texas, see 6841:Artworks commemorating African Americans 2971:United States Department of the Interior 2428: 2426: 2067: 2065: 653:On April 27, 1979, four years after the 7512:National Memorials of the United States 7472:1982 establishments in Washington, D.C. 4239:Opposition to United States involvement 3088:Western Journal of Speech Communication 2925: 2923: 2045: 2043: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1637: 1614:Rasmussen, Kenneth (October 16, 2010). 1537:Kimmelman, Michael (January 13, 2002). 1505: 1225:scale of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. 358:List of America's Favorite Architecture 7517:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C. 3331:. Seattle: Real Comet Press. pp. 3288:Critical Studies in Mass Communucation 3178:10.1111/j.1542-734x.1992.t01-1-00025.x 2704:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 2697: 2166: 2126: 1989:Castaneda, Ruben (February 15, 1991). 1964:"On Memorial To the Dead, 14 Who Live" 1680: 1678: 1454:Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial 1326:Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial 501:date of injury—not the date of death. 57:Vietnam Veterans Memorial wall in 2022 5781:George Washington (Washington Circle) 4750:Basilica of the Immaculate Conception 3392:. New York: Rizzoli. pp. 115–37. 2749:"The Wildwoods Vietnam Memorial Wall" 990:The Women's Memorial was designed by 819:Timeline for those listed on the wall 7: 4979:United States Supreme Court Building 4352: 2737:. Veterans Memorial Park Foundation. 2509:Sisk, Richard (September 21, 2018). 1519:National Register of Historic Places 1064:Vietnam Veterans Memorial Collection 1005:Vietnam Veterans Memorial State Park 366:National Register of Historic Places 117: 84:Show map of Central Washington, D.C. 30:For the plaza in New York City, see 6236:Carry the Rainbow on Your Shoulders 6021:American Veterans Disabled for Life 5262:Gold Star Mothers National Monument 5257:George Washington Memorial Building 4869:Lincoln's Cottage at Soldiers' Home 4424:American Veterans Disabled for Life 3956:U.S. escalation / "Americanization" 3649:"Virtual Vietnam Veterans Memorial" 2967:The National Parks: Index 2001–2003 2404:Neibauer, Michael (June 24, 2015). 2284:Glass, Andrew (November 13, 2015). 2072:Schmitt, Eric (November 12, 1993). 1855:Jan C. Scruggs (January 20, 2012). 1094:National Museum of American History 715:Opposition to design and compromise 6742:Andrew W. Mellon Memorial Fountain 6615:Government Printing Office Workers 3885:1960 South Vietnamese coup attempt 3517:10.1111/j.1542-734x.1990.1303_37.x 3452:Journal of Architectural Education 3250:Wall South: Veterans Memorial Park 3229:Journal of Architectural Education 2834:Kang, Sukhee (February 22, 2010). 2735:"Veterans Memorial Park Pensacola" 2721:Wall South: Veterans Memorial Park 2310:Wills, Denise (November 1, 2007). 2210:Doubek, Robert W. (July 4, 2015). 1811:Ruane, Michael (October 7, 2010). 1040:Project at Texas Tech University. 1026:Tooltip Public Law (United States) 901:Military Assistance Advisory Group 783:. The panels were then shipped to 593:Tooltip Public Law (United States) 305:, honoring service members of the 25: 7338:Mary McLeod Bethune Council House 6991:Mary McLeod Bethune Council House 6846:National Statuary Hall Collection 6649:Progress of Civilization Pediment 4601:National Statuary Hall Collection 3880:North Vietnamese invasion of Laos 3625:"Tenth Anniversary Commemoration" 3580:The American Journal of Sociology 2258:Garber, Kent (November 3, 2007). 1833:Shannon, Don (February 7, 1990). 1399:and "Xmas in February" (1989) by 1072:Various items left at "The Wall". 7507:National Mall and Memorial Parks 5293:National Mall and Memorial Parks 5205:United States Air Force Memorial 4874:Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool 4351: 4342: 4341: 4332: 4331: 4234:Draft evasion in the Vietnam War 3527:& Swerdlow, Joel L. (1985). 2800:WGPB Georgia Public Broadcasting 2312:"The Vietnam Memorial's History" 1905:. Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund 1572:"Vietnam Veterans Memorial FAQs" 1489:Architecture of Washington, D.C. 1054:The Education Center at The Wall 986:Addition of the Women's Memorial 839: 807:and a service at the Cathedral. 647:Main Navy and Munitions Building 362:American Institute of Architects 100: 93: 75: 68: 51: 36:Vietnam Memorial (Austin, Texas) 5590:Crown Princess Märtha of Norway 5326:Commemorating African-Americans 3870:Vietnamese migration of 1954–55 3496:The Treasury of American Prayer 2794:Dawson, Drew (March 29, 2019). 2628:"Local AMVETS to Salute Wall". 2592:The Journal of American History 2433:Lin, C.j. (November 28, 2012). 665:, who was inspired by the film 484:Army of the Republic of Vietnam 385:United States Geological Survey 173: 7421:Rock Creek and Potomac Parkway 5371:Public art in Washington, D.C. 5314:Public art in Washington, D.C. 4119:United States prisoners of war 3567:10.1525/rep.1991.35.1.99p00683 3535:. New York: Harper & Row. 3464:10.1080/10464883.1997.10734719 3241:10.1080/10464883.1995.10734669 3109:Metaphor and Symbolic Activity 2566:Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund 2034:Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund 1708:Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund 1370:, which reached #13 in the US 1188:Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund 915:, United States Air Force, of 913:Richard Bernard Fitzgibbon Jr. 659:Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund 264: 1: 7072:Belmont–Paul Women's Equality 6712:Butt–Millet Memorial Fountain 4302:Henry Kissinger’s involvement 3397:Morrissey, Thomas F. (2000). 3360:The Vietnam Veterans Memorial 3252:. Pensacola, FL: CreateSpace. 2763:"Kansas Vietnam War Memorial" 2723:. Pensacola, FL: CreateSpace. 2012:"Vietnam Memorial Fund: FAQs" 1589:Robbins, Eleanora I. (2001). 1444:List of Vietnam War memorials 1234:Located at 200 S. 9th Ave in 934:were killed by guerrillas at 687:was chosen and authorized by 109:Show map of the United States 6823:Graffiti in Washington, D.C. 6727:Darlington Memorial Fountain 6118:Japanese-American Patriotism 5318:American Revolution Statuary 5077:United States Botanic Garden 2264:U.S. News & World Report 1356:, which peaked at #6 on the 1320:The first US memorial to an 186:3,799,968 (in 2006) 7285:National Capital Parks-East 7034:Lyndon Baines Johnson Grove 6940:Soldiers' and Airmen's Home 6683:The Progress of Railroading 6427:Number 23 Basketball Player 5161:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier 5156:Arlington National Cemetery 4914:St. John's Episcopal Church 4539:Lyndon Baines Johnson Grove 3910:Independence Palace bombing 3505:Journal of American Culture 3166:Journal of American Culture 3054:Quarterly Journal of Speech 3047:(Fall–Winter 1994): 88–124. 2410:Washington Business Journal 1762:"America's Wars Fact Sheet" 1470:Vietnam War Memorial, Hanoi 1464:Vietnam Veterans of America 1270:Located at Freedom Park in 7543: 7162:African American Civil War 7100:George Washington Memorial 6264:Composition for the Axemen 6208:A Bridge Across and Beyond 6038:Grand Army of the Republic 5565:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 4419:African American Civil War 4292:Canada and the Vietnam War 3961:1965 South Vietnamese coup 3769:People's Republic of China 3749:International participants 3479:. New York: Random House. 3390:The Experimental Tradition 3315:Hass, Kristin Ann (2015). 3307:Hass, Kristin Ann (1998). 3149:. New York: Random House. 3073:Capasso, Nicholas (1998). 2586:Hagopian, Patrick (1995). 2388:www.vietnamproject.ttu.edu 2121:www.vietnamproject.ttu.edu 1661:. New York: Random House. 1272:South Sioux City, Nebraska 905:U.S. Department of Defense 718: 570: 533: 351:. It is maintained by the 347:and just northeast of the 29: 7467:Vietnam Veterans Memorial 7182:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 7039:Theodore Roosevelt Island 7014:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 6958:Chesapeake and Ohio Canal 6950:National Historical Parks 6831: 6722:Court of Neptune Fountain 5956:Cuban–American Friendship 5951:Chesapeake and Ohio Canal 5311: 5241:Peace Corps Commemorative 5236:National Liberty Memorial 5178:Marine Corps War Memorial 5166:John F. Kennedy gravesite 5113:Chesapeake and Ohio Canal 5103:Arlington Memorial Bridge 4670:Statues of the Liberators 4660:Theodore Roosevelt Island 4655:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 4327: 4297:CIA activities in Vietnam 3704: 3498:. Doubleday. p. 317. 3300:10.1080/15295038609366626 3220:10.1080/01463378609369643 3199:10.1080/03637758809376157 3121:10.1207/s15327868ms0803_6 3100:10.1080/10570318809389636 3066:10.1080/00335639109383960 2959:Vietnam Veterans Memorial 1925:"The Memorial – The Wall" 744:secretary of the interior 582:In Memory memorial plaque 495:Richard B. Fitzgibbon Jr. 291:Vietnam Veterans Memorial 283: 263:NRHP reference 248: 239: 230: 226: 222: 62: 50: 46:Vietnam Veterans Memorial 6413:Mary, Protector of Faith 6321:Federal Triangle Flowers 5983:Law Enforcement Officers 5862:William Tecumseh Sherman 5650:Alexander Robey Shepherd 5123:Francis Scott Key Bridge 4940:Freedman's Bank Building 4859:National Building Museum 4852:National Capitol Columns 4554:Law Enforcement Officers 4319:Women in the Vietnam War 4251:United States news media 4196:Indochina refugee crisis 4191:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 3966:Bombing of North Vietnam 3905:Strategic Hamlet Program 3187:Communication Monographs 2823:. northwoodmemorial.com. 2562:"ITEMS LEFT AT THE WALL" 1403:, released on the album 1342:Vietnam War Song Project 1336:Cultural representations 1190:. A 53-foot (16 m) 1168:LBJ Presidential Library 1050:permission from Congress 1001:Vietnam Women's Memorial 985: 938:while watching the film 895:November 1, 1955 – 573:Vietnam Women's Memorial 567:Vietnam Women's Memorial 566: 441:2011 Virginia earthquake 334:Vietnam Women's Memorial 6968:National Historic Sites 6586:Apotheosis of Democracy 6579:American Legion Soldier 6055:Nuns of the Battlefield 5272:National Slave Memorial 4909:Smithsonian Institution 4864:National Gallery of Art 4760:Capitol Reflecting Pool 4612:Nuns of the Battlefield 4571:Martin Luther King, Jr. 3938:Gulf of Tonkin incident 3859:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 3208:Communication Quarterly 2191:. National Park Service 1287:Elizabethtown, Kentucky 1255:Located in Fox Park in 1090:Smithsonian Institution 917:Stoneham, Massachusetts 801:Smithsonian Institution 767:was dedicated in 1984. 536:Three Soldiers (statue) 423:One wall points to the 7437:National Capital Parks 7308:Carter G. Woodson Home 7114:Rock Creek and Potomac 6976:Carter G. Woodson Home 6856:National Statuary Hall 6732:Dupont Circle Fountain 6656:Revolutionary War Door 6505:She Who Must Be Obeyed 6049:Navy – Merchant Marine 5961:Andrew Jackson Downing 5867:Benjamin F. Stephenson 5816:Winfield Scott Hancock 5693:U.S. Capitol east lawn 5595:Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk 5535:Martin Luther King Jr. 5394:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 4765:Congressional Cemetery 4606:Navy – Merchant Marine 4347:Battles and operations 4287:Awards and decorations 4201:Vietnamese boat people 4170:Impact of Agent Orange 4158:Body count controversy 3865:1954 Geneva Conference 3471:Palmer, Laura (1987). 3248:Giberson, Art (2015). 2863:University of Maryland 2719:Giberson, Art (2015). 1622:(Letter to the Editor) 1308:, opened in 2019, the 1171: 1129: 1081: 1073: 1009:Angel Fire, New Mexico 947:April 30, 1975 – 832: 815: 753:Negative reactions to 704:Andrews Air Force Base 650: 467:typeface, designed by 456: 403: 392: 299:U.S. national memorial 293:, commonly called the 242:U.S. National Memorial 170:2 acres (0.81 ha) 32:Vietnam Veterans Plaza 7391:Georgetown Waterfront 6747:Oscar Straus Memorial 6642:Man Controlling Trade 6602:Darth Vader grotesque 6519:Spirit of Haida Gwaii 6477:St. Jerome the Priest 6392:Loss and Regeneration 6215:Bridge Tender's House 5892:José Gervasio Artigas 5670:Eleftherios Venizelos 5640:Alberto Santos-Dumont 5630:Franklin D. Roosevelt 5553:Emancipation Memorial 5510:Isabella I of Castile 4957:United States Capitol 4783:First Air Mail Marker 4770:DAR Constitution Hall 4056:1975 spring offensive 4015:ARVN campaign in Laos 4011:Vietnamization policy 3619:National Park Service 3448:Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl 2988:Ashabranner, Brent K. 2933:. Oswego, NY: WTOP-TV 1576:National Park Service 1524:National Park Service 1162: 1120: 1079: 1071: 1037:Department of Defense 969:with troops from the 826: 813: 771:Building the memorial 644: 613:Texas Tech University 604:Department of Defense 454: 398: 379: 353:National Park Service 322:and is an example of 195:National Park Service 151:38.89111°N 77.04778°W 7167:Constitution Gardens 7137:Star-Spangled Banner 7095:Baltimore–Washington 6910:District of Columbia 6285:Discovery of America 6026:District of Columbia 6000:Victims of Communism 5756:Marquis de Lafayette 5188:Netherlands Carillon 5012:Constitution Gardens 4697:Victims of Communism 4549:Marquis de Lafayette 4469:Dwight D. Eisenhower 4175:Environmental impact 4047:Battle of Phước Long 3812:Cold War (1962–1979) 3383:. New York: Collins. 2998:. New York: Putnam. 1477:, an online memorial 1354:The Statler Brothers 1298:Perryville, Missouri 1257:Wildwood, New Jersey 1153:Patriot Guard Riders 1126:Mount Trashmore Park 926:July 8, 1959 – 897:Dwight D. Eisenhower 852:confusing or unclear 480:President Eisenhower 389:Constitution Gardens 381:An aerial photograph 341:Constitution Gardens 7237:Washington Monument 7222:Pennsylvania Avenue 7207:Korean War Veterans 7049:Washington Monument 7024:Korean War Veterans 6996:Pennsylvania Avenue 6927:National Cemeteries 6752:Temperance Fountain 6243:Cascading Waterfall 6005:Washington Monument 5933:Armenian Earthquake 5872:George Henry Thomas 5836:George Gordon Meade 5826:George B. McClellan 5766:Comte de Rochambeau 5713:Revolution Statuary 5645:Olive Risley Seward 5410:Mary McLeod Bethune 5322:Civil War Monuments 5128:Pennsylvania Avenue 5118:Constitution Avenue 4825:Library of Congress 4712:Washington Monument 4586:George B. McClellan 4576:Korean War Veterans 4434:Mary McLeod Bethune 4255:In popular culture 4208:Sino-Vietnamese War 4038:Paris Peace Accords 3851:First Indochina War 3840:Japanese occupation 3807:Cambodian Civil War 3631:. November 11, 1992 3379:Lopes, Sal (1987). 3364:. New York: Crown. 3342:The Public Interest 2630:Greenville Advocate 2364:. February 24, 2014 1970:. February 11, 1991 1620:The Washington Post 1482:The Wall That Heals 1316:As a memorial genre 1183:The Wall That Heals 1164:The Wall That Heals 860:clarify the section 677:John P. Wheeler III 427:, the other to the 425:Washington Monument 401:Washington Monument 339:The memorial is in 191:Governing body 156:38.89111; -77.04778 147: / 7328:Frederick Douglass 7227:United States Navy 7064:National monuments 7006:National Memorials 6986:Frederick Douglass 6707:Bartholdi Fountain 6498:The Servant Christ 6341:Friendship Archway 5973:Holodomor Genocide 5912:José de San Martín 5902:Bernardo de Gálvez 5847:John Aaron Rawlins 5831:James B. McPherson 5751:Tadeusz Kościuszko 5688:National Cathedral 5674:George Washington 5635:Theodore Roosevelt 5610:Bernardo O'Higgins 5500:Alexander Hamilton 5415:William Blackstone 5378:Portrait sculpture 5052:National Arboretum 5047:Meridian Hill Park 4884:National Cathedral 4847:National Arboretum 4692:United States Navy 4650:Jean de Rochambeau 4534:Jefferson Memorial 4519:Holodomor Genocide 4029:Christmas bombings 4002:Cambodian campaign 3135:. pp. 152–55. 3079:Rutgers University 2542:. February 4, 2022 2030:"Women in Vietnam" 1968:The New York Times 1543:The New York Times 1236:Pensacola, Florida 1172: 1130: 1113:Traveling replicas 1085:various channels. 1082: 1074: 941:The Tattered Dress 833: 816: 785:Memphis, Tennessee 700:design competition 696:Munitions Building 651: 551:(sometimes called 457: 404: 393: 343:, adjacent to the 309:who served in the 7454: 7453: 7450: 7449: 7147:National Mall and 7087:National Parkways 6872: 6871: 6863:Outdoor sculpture 6760: 6759: 6737:McMillan Fountain 6717:Columbus Fountain 6420:Nana on a Dolphin 6257:The Chess Players 6173:The Arts of Peace 6128: 6127: 5978:Lyndon B. Johnson 5920: 5919: 5771:Baron von Steuben 5731:Benjamin Franklin 5625:Alexander Pushkin 5580:Guglielmo Marconi 5465:James A. Garfield 5430:Winston Churchill 5337: 5336: 5330:Outdoor sculpture 5198:Pentagon Memorial 5082:West Potomac Park 5022:East Potomac Park 4984:Watergate complex 4935:Treasury Building 4924:The Arts of Peace 4879:National Archives 4494:James A. Garfield 4365: 4364: 4082:Ho Chi Minh trail 3975:Buddhist Uprising 3933:Coup against Minh 3924:Coup against Diem 3847:(1949–1955) 3802:Laotian Civil War 3795:Related conflicts 3774:Republic of China 2914:Los Angeles Times 2883:Brummer, Justin. 2648:Veterans Memorial 2489:Stars and Stripes 2439:Stars and Stripes 2316:The Washingtonian 2223:978-1-4766-1988-0 2018:on April 5, 2012. 1792:. August 15, 2016 1790:National Archives 1391:Bruce Springsteen 1176:Duluth, Minnesota 1080:Flags and flowers 928:Chester M. Ovnand 892: 891: 884: 738:slab of stone." 557:European American 518:Annie Ruth Graham 307:U.S. armed forces 287: 286: 279:November 13, 1982 178:November 13, 1982 16:(Redirected from 7534: 7348:Shepherd Parkway 7343:Oxon Run Parkway 7270:Lafayette Square 7257:President's Park 7232:Vietnam Veterans 7132:Potomac Heritage 7044:Vietnam Veterans 6923: 6899: 6892: 6885: 6876: 6561: 6540:Les Trois Grâces 6374:Japanese Lantern 6011: 5940:Ashes to Answers 5811:Ulysses S. Grant 5786:John Witherspoon 5736:Nathanael Greene 5707: 5655:Taras Shevchenko 5620:Martin de Porres 5615:John J. Pershing 5605:Peter Muhlenberg 5558:Lincoln Memorial 5544:Abraham Lincoln 5520:Thomas Jefferson 5495:Samuel Hahnemann 5364: 5357: 5350: 5341: 5037:Lafayette Square 4702:Vietnam Veterans 4665:Taras Shevchenko 4623:John J. Pershing 4596:Peter Muhlenberg 4559:Lincoln Memorial 4514:Holocaust Museum 4509:Ulysses S. Grant 4489:Thomas Gallaudet 4400:Washington, D.C. 4392: 4385: 4378: 4369: 4355: 4354: 4345: 4344: 4335: 4334: 4092:Operation Popeye 4024:Easter Offensive 3845:State of Vietnam 3835:French Indochina 3817:Cold War in Asia 3725:Việt Minh / PAVN 3691: 3684: 3677: 3668: 3652: 3644: 3638: 3636: 3615:Official website 3603: 3570: 3546: 3534: 3520: 3499: 3490: 3478: 3467: 3443: 3416: 3404: 3393: 3384: 3375: 3363: 3354:Katakis, Michael 3349: 3336: 3330: 3312: 3303: 3282: 3259:Critical Inquiry 3253: 3244: 3223: 3202: 3181: 3160: 3136: 3124: 3103: 3082: 3069: 3048: 3032: 3020: 3009: 2997: 2974: 2962: 2944: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2927: 2918: 2917: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2838:. City of Irvine 2831: 2825: 2824: 2817: 2811: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2791: 2785: 2784: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2745: 2739: 2738: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2716: 2710: 2709: 2703: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2682:. Archived from 2676: 2670: 2669: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2640: 2634: 2633: 2632:. July 17, 2007. 2625: 2616: 2615: 2583: 2577: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2558: 2552: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2532: 2526: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2506: 2500: 2499: 2497: 2495: 2481: 2475: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2456: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2430: 2421: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2401: 2392: 2391: 2380: 2374: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2358: 2352: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2341:The Virtual Wall 2333: 2327: 2326: 2324: 2322: 2307: 2301: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2281: 2275: 2274: 2272: 2270: 2255: 2246: 2245: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2198: 2196: 2185: 2179: 2178: 2172: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2132: 2124: 2112: 2103: 2102: 2100: 2098: 2088: 2082: 2081: 2069: 2060: 2059: 2047: 2038: 2037: 2026: 2020: 2019: 2014:. Archived from 2008: 2002: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1986: 1980: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1960: 1954: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1943:The Virtual Wall 1935: 1929: 1928: 1921: 1915: 1914: 1912: 1910: 1899: 1893: 1892: 1890: 1888: 1874: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1852: 1846: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1830: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1808: 1802: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1782: 1776: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1766: 1758: 1752: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1733: 1712: 1711: 1700: 1694: 1693: 1682: 1673: 1672: 1649: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1627: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1602: 1586: 1580: 1579: 1568: 1562: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1534: 1528: 1527: 1510: 1475:The Virtual Wall 1306:Augusta, Georgia 1264:Winfield, Kansas 1251: 1250: 1246: 1243: 1224: 1223: 1219: 1211: 1210: 1206: 1044:Education center 1027: 1023: 887: 880: 876: 873: 867: 843: 842: 835: 746:under President 685:Lincoln Memorial 594: 590: 561:African American 549:Three Servicemen 529:Three Servicemen 514:Carol Ann Drazba 461:killed in action 429:Lincoln Memorial 349:Lincoln Memorial 332:in 1984 and the 303:Washington, D.C. 295:Vietnam Memorial 266: 214: 211: 209: 207: 162: 161: 159: 158: 157: 152: 148: 145: 144: 143: 140: 123:Washington, D.C. 110: 104: 103: 97: 85: 79: 78: 72: 55: 43: 21: 18:Vietnam Memorial 7542: 7541: 7537: 7536: 7535: 7533: 7532: 7531: 7457: 7456: 7455: 7446: 7425: 7416:Old Stone House 7396:Glover-Archbold 7358:Rock Creek Park 7352: 7279: 7251: 7217:Old Post Office 7148: 7141: 7124:National Trails 7118: 7081: 7058: 7000: 6962: 6944: 6912: 6906:Protected areas 6903: 6873: 6868: 6867: 6827: 6811: 6756: 6695: 6690:Students Aspire 6573:Acacia Griffins 6565: 6559: 6547:Two Men Reading 6379:Japanese Pagoda 6194:Bearing Witness 6187:Australian Seal 6169:The Arts of War 6155:Always Becoming 6124: 6086:The Lone Sailor 6067:Second Division 6009: 5925:Other monuments 5916: 5883: 5876: 5857:Philip Sheridan 5797: 5790: 5761:Casimir Pulaski 5746:John Paul Jones 5712: 5705: 5490:Théodore Guérin 5455:Albert Gallatin 5440:Albert Einstein 5403:Turkish Embassy 5398:Sheridan Circle 5385:Dante Alighieri 5373: 5368: 5338: 5333: 5307: 5276: 5245: 5214: 5171:Arlington House 5148: 5142: 5098:Anacostia River 5086: 5062:Rock Creek Park 5027:Farragut Square 5004: 4998: 4920:The Arts of War 4904:Old Stone House 4899:Old Post Office 4738: 4707:Vietnam Women's 4628:Second Division 4544:John Paul Jones 4459:Albert Einstein 4402: 4396: 4366: 4361: 4323: 4308:Pentagon Papers 4275: 4222: 4179: 4141: 4065: 3919:Buddhist crisis 3889: 3875:1955 referendum 3823: 3790: 3709: 3700: 3695: 3647: 3634: 3632: 3623: 3611: 3606: 3573: 3555:Representations 3551:Sturken, Marita 3549: 3543: 3525:Scruggs, Jan C. 3523: 3502: 3493: 3487: 3470: 3446: 3432: 3419: 3413: 3396: 3387: 3378: 3372: 3352: 3339: 3322: 3306: 3285: 3256: 3247: 3226: 3205: 3184: 3163: 3157: 3139: 3127: 3106: 3085: 3072: 3051: 3037:Berdahl, Daphne 3035: 3029: 3012: 3006: 2986: 2982: 2980:Further reading 2977: 2965: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2947: 2936: 2934: 2929: 2928: 2921: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2893: 2891: 2882: 2881: 2877: 2867: 2865: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2841: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2828: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2804: 2802: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2783:. May 29, 2014. 2775: 2774: 2770: 2765:. Winfield, KS. 2761: 2760: 2756: 2751:. Wildwood, NJ. 2747: 2746: 2742: 2733: 2732: 2728: 2718: 2717: 2713: 2696: 2689: 2687: 2680:"Archived copy" 2678: 2677: 2673: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2642: 2641: 2637: 2627: 2626: 2619: 2604:10.2307/2081924 2585: 2584: 2580: 2570: 2568: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2545: 2543: 2534: 2533: 2529: 2519: 2517: 2508: 2507: 2503: 2493: 2491: 2483: 2482: 2478: 2468: 2466: 2458: 2457: 2453: 2443: 2441: 2432: 2431: 2424: 2414: 2412: 2403: 2402: 2395: 2382: 2381: 2377: 2367: 2365: 2360: 2359: 2355: 2345: 2343: 2335: 2334: 2330: 2320: 2318: 2309: 2308: 2304: 2294: 2292: 2283: 2282: 2278: 2268: 2266: 2257: 2256: 2249: 2236: 2235: 2231: 2224: 2209: 2208: 2204: 2194: 2192: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2165: 2158: 2156: 2147: 2146: 2142: 2125: 2114: 2113: 2106: 2096: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2085: 2071: 2070: 2063: 2049: 2048: 2041: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2010: 2009: 2005: 1995: 1993: 1988: 1987: 1983: 1973: 1971: 1962: 1961: 1957: 1947: 1945: 1937: 1936: 1932: 1923: 1922: 1918: 1908: 1906: 1901: 1900: 1896: 1886: 1884: 1876: 1875: 1871: 1861: 1859: 1854: 1853: 1849: 1839: 1837: 1832: 1831: 1827: 1817: 1815: 1810: 1809: 1805: 1795: 1793: 1784: 1783: 1779: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1760: 1759: 1755: 1745: 1743: 1735: 1734: 1715: 1702: 1701: 1697: 1684: 1683: 1676: 1669: 1651: 1650: 1635: 1625: 1623: 1613: 1612: 1608: 1600:10.1.1.124.7887 1588: 1587: 1583: 1570: 1569: 1565: 1555: 1553: 1536: 1535: 1531: 1526:. July 9, 2010. 1512: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1435: 1415: 1368:Blind Man's Zoo 1346:Michael Jerling 1338: 1318: 1248: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1232: 1221: 1217: 1216: 1208: 1204: 1203: 1192:tractor-trailer 1144:The Moving Wall 1122:The Moving Wall 1115: 1110: 1066: 1046: 1025: 1017: 1015:Memorial plaque 992:Glenna Goodacre 988: 888: 877: 871: 868: 857: 844: 840: 821: 773: 723: 717: 668:The Deer Hunter 639: 621: 592: 584: 575: 569: 538: 532: 522:Sharon Ann Lane 449: 409: 374: 244: 235: 204: 155: 153: 149: 146: 141: 138: 136: 134: 133: 114: 113: 112: 111: 108: 107: 106: 105: 88: 87: 86: 83: 82: 81: 80: 58: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7540: 7538: 7530: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7459: 7458: 7452: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7444: 7439: 7433: 7431: 7427: 7426: 7424: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7383: 7381:Dumbarton Oaks 7378: 7373: 7368: 7362: 7360: 7354: 7353: 7351: 7350: 7345: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7289: 7287: 7281: 7280: 7278: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7261: 7259: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7177:Ford's Theatre 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7153: 7151: 7149:Memorial Parks 7143: 7142: 7140: 7139: 7134: 7128: 7126: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7097: 7091: 7089: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7074: 7068: 7066: 7060: 7059: 7057: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7010: 7008: 7002: 7001: 6999: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6981:Ford's Theatre 6978: 6972: 6970: 6964: 6963: 6961: 6960: 6954: 6952: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6942: 6937: 6931: 6929: 6920: 6914: 6913: 6904: 6902: 6901: 6894: 6887: 6879: 6870: 6869: 6866: 6865: 6860: 6859: 6858: 6853: 6843: 6837: 6832: 6829: 6828: 6826: 6825: 6819: 6817: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6768: 6766: 6762: 6761: 6758: 6757: 6755: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6703: 6701: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6693: 6686: 6679: 6666: 6659: 6652: 6645: 6638: 6631: 6618: 6611: 6604: 6599: 6597:Columbus Doors 6594: 6589: 6582: 6575: 6569: 6567: 6558: 6557: 6550: 6543: 6536: 6529: 6522: 6515: 6508: 6501: 6494: 6487: 6480: 6473: 6466: 6459: 6451: 6448:Pillar of Fire 6444: 6437: 6430: 6423: 6416: 6409: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6364: 6361:Homeless Jesus 6357: 6350: 6343: 6338: 6331: 6324: 6317: 6310: 6307:The Extra Mile 6303: 6296: 6293:Discus Thrower 6289: 6281: 6274: 6267: 6260: 6253: 6246: 6239: 6232: 6225: 6218: 6211: 6204: 6197: 6190: 6183: 6176: 6165: 6162:Arbre Serpents 6158: 6151: 6144: 6136: 6134: 6130: 6129: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6122: 6121: 6120: 6110: 6109: 6108: 6103: 6100:Three Soldiers 6091: 6090: 6089: 6082: 6079:The Homecoming 6070: 6064: 6061:Peace Monument 6058: 6052: 6046: 6041: 6035: 6032:First Division 6029: 6023: 6017: 6015: 6008: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5936: 5928: 5926: 5922: 5921: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5888: 5886: 5884:the Liberators 5878: 5877: 5875: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5852:Winfield Scott 5849: 5844: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5806:David Farragut 5802: 5800: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5717: 5715: 5704: 5703: 5701:Daniel Webster 5698: 5697: 5696: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5672: 5667: 5665:Robert A. Taft 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5575:Nelson Mandela 5572: 5567: 5562: 5561: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5548:D.C. City Hall 5542: 5537: 5532: 5530:Walter Johnson 5527: 5522: 5517: 5515:Andrew Jackson 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5485:Samuel Gompers 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5460:Mahatma Gandhi 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5435:Louis Daguerre 5432: 5427: 5422: 5420:James Buchanan 5417: 5412: 5407: 5406: 5405: 5400: 5392: 5390:Francis Asbury 5387: 5381: 5379: 5375: 5374: 5369: 5367: 5366: 5359: 5352: 5344: 5335: 5334: 5312: 5309: 5308: 5306: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5284: 5282: 5278: 5277: 5275: 5274: 5269: 5267:Mammy memorial 5264: 5259: 5253: 5251: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5226:Adams Memorial 5222: 5220: 5216: 5215: 5213: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5201: 5200: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5174: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5152: 5150: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5140: 5138:Zero Milestone 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5094: 5092: 5088: 5087: 5085: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5042:L'Enfant Plaza 5039: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5008: 5006: 5000: 4999: 4997: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4975: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4943: 4942: 4932: 4927: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4855: 4854: 4844: 4843: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4822: 4817: 4815:Jefferson Pier 4812: 4810:Islamic Center 4807: 4802: 4797: 4796: 4795: 4793:Petersen House 4788:Ford's Theatre 4785: 4780: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4746: 4744: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4736: 4735: 4734: 4724: 4719: 4717:Daniel Webster 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4682: 4680:Robert A. Taft 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4644:Three Soldiers 4640: 4638:The Extra Mile 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4618:Peace Monument 4615: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4567: 4566: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4524:Andrew Jackson 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4504:Samuel Gompers 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4484:First Division 4481: 4479:David Farragut 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4444:James Buchanan 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4410: 4408: 4404: 4403: 4397: 4395: 4394: 4387: 4380: 4372: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4359: 4349: 4339: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4283: 4281: 4277: 4276: 4274: 4273: 4272: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4253: 4248: 4247: 4246: 4236: 4230: 4228: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4204: 4203: 4193: 4187: 4185: 4181: 4180: 4178: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4166: 4165: 4160: 4149: 4147: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4139: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4110: 4109: 4104: 4094: 4089: 4087:Sihanouk Trail 4084: 4079: 4077:Củ Chi tunnels 4073: 4071: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4063: 4061:Fall of Saigon 4058: 4049: 4040: 4031: 4026: 4017: 4004: 3995: 3977: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3949: 3944: 3935: 3926: 3921: 3912: 3907: 3897: 3895: 3891: 3890: 3888: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3848: 3842: 3837: 3831: 3829: 3825: 3824: 3822: 3821: 3820: 3819: 3809: 3804: 3798: 3796: 3792: 3791: 3789: 3788: 3787: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3746: 3736: 3717: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3696: 3694: 3693: 3686: 3679: 3671: 3665: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3645: 3621: 3610: 3609:External links 3607: 3605: 3604: 3592:10.1086/229783 3586:(2): 376–420. 3571: 3547: 3542:978-0060154042 3541: 3521: 3500: 3491: 3486:978-0394560274 3485: 3468: 3444: 3431:978-1482761498 3430: 3417: 3412:978-0815605911 3411: 3394: 3385: 3376: 3371:978-0517570197 3370: 3350: 3337: 3320: 3313: 3304: 3283: 3271:10.1086/448361 3265:(4): 688–719. 3254: 3245: 3224: 3203: 3182: 3161: 3156:978-1400065820 3155: 3137: 3125: 3104: 3083: 3077:(PhD Thesis). 3070: 3049: 3033: 3028:978-0761332350 3027: 3010: 3005:978-0399220319 3004: 2983: 2981: 2978: 2976: 2975: 2969:. Washington: 2963: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2919: 2901: 2875: 2849: 2826: 2812: 2786: 2768: 2754: 2740: 2726: 2711: 2686:on May 1, 2016 2671: 2653: 2644:"Vietnam Wall" 2635: 2617: 2598:(1): 158–164. 2578: 2553: 2527: 2501: 2476: 2451: 2422: 2393: 2375: 2353: 2328: 2302: 2276: 2247: 2229: 2222: 2202: 2180: 2140: 2104: 2083: 2078:New York Times 2061: 2056:New York Times 2039: 2021: 2003: 1981: 1955: 1930: 1916: 1894: 1869: 1847: 1825: 1803: 1777: 1753: 1713: 1695: 1674: 1668:978-1400065820 1667: 1633: 1606: 1581: 1563: 1529: 1504: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1478: 1472: 1467: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1429: 1425: 1422: 1414: 1411: 1364:10,000 Maniacs 1337: 1334: 1317: 1314: 1296:, Missouri in 1231: 1230:Fixed replicas 1228: 1227: 1226: 1213: 1200: 1196: 1179: 1157: 1156: 1149:state troopers 1114: 1111: 1109: 1108:Inspired works 1106: 1102:Charles Liteky 1098:Medal of Honor 1065: 1062: 1045: 1042: 1030:106–214 (text) 1016: 1013: 987: 984: 975: 974: 960: 953:38 U.S.C. 949:Fall of Saigon 945: 924: 920: 909: 890: 889: 847: 845: 838: 820: 817: 781:Barre, Vermont 772: 769: 764:Three Soldiers 759:Frederick Hart 716: 713: 655:fall of Saigon 638: 635: 620: 617: 597:106–214 (text) 583: 580: 571:Main article: 568: 565: 553:Three Soldiers 534:Main article: 531: 526: 448: 445: 408: 405: 373: 370: 329:Three Soldiers 285: 284: 281: 280: 277: 273: 272: 267: 260: 259: 254: 250: 249: 246: 245: 240: 237: 236: 231: 228: 227: 224: 223: 220: 219: 216: 215: 202: 198: 197: 192: 188: 187: 184: 180: 179: 176: 172: 171: 168: 164: 163: 131: 127: 126: 120: 116: 115: 99: 98: 92: 91: 90: 89: 74: 73: 67: 66: 65: 64: 63: 60: 59: 56: 48: 47: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7539: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7502:National Mall 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7464: 7462: 7443: 7442:Navy Memorial 7440: 7438: 7435: 7434: 7432: 7428: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7406:Meridian Hill 7404: 7402: 7401:Little Forest 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7363: 7361: 7359: 7355: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7290: 7288: 7286: 7282: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7262: 7260: 7258: 7254: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7202:John Ericsson 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7157:National Mall 7155: 7154: 7152: 7150: 7144: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7129: 7127: 7125: 7121: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7084: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7067: 7065: 7061: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7011: 7009: 7007: 7003: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6973: 6971: 6969: 6965: 6959: 6956: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6947: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6928: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6907: 6900: 6895: 6893: 6888: 6886: 6881: 6880: 6877: 6864: 6861: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6848: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6838: 6835: 6830: 6824: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6814: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6767: 6763: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6698: 6692: 6691: 6687: 6685: 6684: 6680: 6678: 6677: 6672: 6671: 6667: 6665: 6664: 6660: 6658: 6657: 6653: 6651: 6650: 6646: 6644: 6643: 6639: 6637: 6636: 6632: 6630: 6629: 6624: 6623: 6619: 6617: 6616: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6587: 6583: 6581: 6580: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6570: 6568: 6564:Architectural 6562: 6556: 6555: 6554:Uncle Beazley 6551: 6549: 6548: 6544: 6542: 6541: 6537: 6535: 6534: 6530: 6528: 6527: 6523: 6521: 6520: 6516: 6514: 6513: 6512:Sky Landscape 6509: 6507: 6506: 6502: 6500: 6499: 6495: 6493: 6492: 6488: 6486: 6485: 6481: 6479: 6478: 6474: 6472: 6471: 6467: 6465: 6464: 6460: 6457: 6456: 6452: 6450: 6449: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6438: 6436: 6435: 6431: 6429: 6428: 6424: 6422: 6421: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6401: 6400: 6396: 6394: 6393: 6389: 6387: 6386: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6369: 6365: 6363: 6362: 6358: 6356: 6355: 6351: 6349: 6348: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6336: 6332: 6330: 6329: 6325: 6323: 6322: 6318: 6316: 6315: 6314:Family Circle 6311: 6309: 6308: 6304: 6302: 6301: 6297: 6295: 6294: 6290: 6287: 6286: 6282: 6280: 6279: 6275: 6273: 6272: 6268: 6266: 6265: 6261: 6259: 6258: 6254: 6252: 6251: 6247: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6238: 6237: 6233: 6231: 6230: 6226: 6224: 6223: 6219: 6217: 6216: 6212: 6210: 6209: 6205: 6203: 6202: 6198: 6196: 6195: 6191: 6189: 6188: 6184: 6182: 6181: 6177: 6175: 6174: 6170: 6166: 6164: 6163: 6159: 6157: 6156: 6152: 6150: 6149: 6145: 6143: 6142: 6138: 6137: 6135: 6131: 6119: 6116: 6115: 6114: 6111: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6101: 6097: 6096: 6095: 6092: 6088: 6087: 6083: 6081: 6080: 6076: 6075: 6074: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6062: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6039: 6036: 6033: 6030: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6014:War memorials 6012: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5995: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5968: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5941: 5937: 5935: 5934: 5930: 5929: 5927: 5923: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5907:Benito Juárez 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5897:Simón Bolívar 5895: 5893: 5890: 5889: 5887: 5885: 5879: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5821:John A. Logan 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5801: 5799: 5793: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5708: 5702: 5699: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5585:John Marshall 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5570:Martin Luther 5568: 5566: 5563: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5545: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5475:Kahlil Gibran 5473: 5471: 5470:James Gibbons 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5450:John Ericsson 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5382: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5365: 5360: 5358: 5353: 5351: 5346: 5345: 5342: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5310: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5283: 5279: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5248: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5217: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5158: 5157: 5154: 5153: 5151: 5145: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5133:Potomac River 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5089: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5057:Pershing Park 5055: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5032:Freedom Plaza 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5017:Dupont Circle 5015: 5013: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5001: 4995: 4994:Willard Hotel 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4959: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4952:Union Station 4950: 4948: 4945: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4894:Octagon House 4892: 4890: 4889:National Mall 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4853: 4850: 4849: 4848: 4845: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4747: 4745: 4741: 4733: 4730: 4729: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4687: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4613: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4499:Kahlil Gibran 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4474:John Ericsson 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4411: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4398:Landmarks of 4393: 4388: 4386: 4381: 4379: 4374: 4373: 4370: 4358: 4350: 4348: 4340: 4338: 4330: 4329: 4326: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4284: 4282: 4278: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4241: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4225: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4182: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4164: 4163:POW/MIA issue 4161: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4144: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4099: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4074: 4072: 4068: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4003: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3984:Tet Offensive 3981: 3978: 3976: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3947:December coup 3945: 3943: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3892: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3849: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3818: 3815: 3814: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3799: 3797: 3793: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3754:United States 3752: 3751: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3740: 3739:South Vietnam 3737: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3721:North Vietnam 3719: 3718: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3699: 3692: 3687: 3685: 3680: 3678: 3673: 3672: 3669: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3650: 3646: 3643: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3620: 3616: 3613: 3612: 3608: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3538: 3533: 3532: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3501: 3497: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3477: 3476: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3458:(3): 156–71. 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3427: 3423: 3418: 3414: 3408: 3403: 3402: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3377: 3373: 3367: 3362: 3361: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3338: 3334: 3329: 3328: 3321: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3255: 3251: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3214:(3): 326–40. 3213: 3209: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3162: 3158: 3152: 3148: 3147: 3142: 3141:Dupré, Judith 3138: 3134: 3130: 3129:Danto, Arthur 3126: 3122: 3118: 3115:(3): 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