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Engineering Co), the Royal Ruby, the Wolf
Lightweight (Wulfruna Engineering), the Carfield, the Ruffells, the P.V. (Elliston & Fell), the Sparkbrook, the Yvel, the P&S lightweight (Pearson and Sopwith), the Chater-Lea, the Campion, the Victoria (of Glasgow), the Hobart, the Olympic, the Ixion, the Bown-Villiers, the Wilkin, and the Saltley. The engine remained much the same, and continued to use a separate magneto, though it did have an oil pump to provide crankcase and piston lubrication via a hollow crankcase bolt – a design that Villiers had patented during 1914/1915.
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342:"jointly the two companies produce a vast range of two-stroke and four-stroke petrol engines and four-stroke diesel engines from 1/3 to 16 b.h.p. These are the engines which power many of Britain's two-stroke motor cycles, scooters and three wheelers, and the great majority of the motor mowers, cultivators, concrete mixers, generating sets, elevators, pumping sets. etc."
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applying for 16 engine-related patents during the war. One particular issue was a generic problem – the fact that before the war most engines relied on German-made magnetos for ignition, which caused a major issue during the war. In
January 1917 Villiers patented their solution to this problem – the flywheel-magneto, which became a standard feature of their engines.
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glider. This carried a retractable 249 cc
Villiers engine driving a push-propeller and producing 9 bhp, and the fuel tank held enough to run the engine for thirty minutes. The 249 cc Carden-Baynes Auxiliary is believed to be the lowest-powered aircraft in the history of powered flight.
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The Mark III engine embodied some changes to crankcase and brushes in 1919/1920, and in March 1920 the new
Villiers Mark IV engine complete with flywheel magneto was revealed. In May 1920 a new British Excelsior lightweight model was announced, this being the first motorcycle to show the new Villiers
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Australia was an important market for
Villiers engines. In 1951 the Australian Government introduced import restrictions on engines. Following negotiations with the Australian Government, Villiers chairman Frank Farrer set up Villiers Australia Pty. Ltd. to manufacture Villiers engines in Australia.
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In
September 1922 Villiers announced the details of their new 1923 engine range, which included 147 cc, 250 cc and 343 cc engines. These engines featured a radial-finned cylinder head, with both the inlet and exhaust port being at the front of the engine, and they all had the Villiers
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and plans for a new factory drawn up. Construction of the factory started in
February 1952, and in March 1953 the factory was completed. Machinery was installed and training given by Villiers, the first engine, a 125 cc single coming off the production line in September. In 1954 a 197 cc engine was
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In spite of the huge success of the 269 cc two-stroke, the four-stroke engine had not completely been shelved, as in
October 1914, J.H Motors of Oldham announced two motorcycles, the No.1 fitted with a 2.75 hp Villiers four-stroke engine of 349 cc (74.5 x 80 mm bore and stroke),
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In 1926 Villiers introduced an even smaller engine, the 125 cc with twin exhaust ports and side-mounted carburettor, and in 1927 they introduced the 344 cc twin 2-stroke. Villiers were to go on to produce a wide range of single and twin cylinder 2-strokes primarily for motorcycle use. At
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and come back with a high-class pedal and the machinery for making it. Charles said that the
Villiers Engineering Co. was "the ultimate fruit" of his trip to the US, being impressed by the production system and the labour-saving devices. He pointed out that "it was not possible to develop these at
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had become extremely successful by relying on high quality of production and finish. But
Marston was dissatisfied with the pedals on his machines, which he bought in. In 1890 he dispatched his son Charles to the US on a selling trip, but included in his instructions that Charles must discuss pedal
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Former managing director of Villiers, David Sankey, and financial specialist Mark Scutt brought the Villiers engine concern from the receiver with help from the Department of Industry in 1976. The deal included half of the Wolverhampton factory and the machine tools to produce the engines. As the
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Autocesorios Harry Walker S.A. had been Villiers representatives in Spain and several Spanish manufacturers were using Villiers. Spain began introducing import restrictions and by 1951 licences to import motorcycle engines were difficult to obtain. The Spanish manufacturers and Autocesorios Harry
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During World War One, in common with many firms not directly involved in making military transport, the Villiers factory changed to production of munitions, in particular fuses for 75mm shells. Companies engaged in war work still worked on new models anticipating the end of the war, with Villiers
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Immediately after the war Villiers picked up where they had left off, with supply of the 269 cc engine, now as the Mark II engine with different method of attaching the exhaust. By 1919 the bikes that used the Villiers engines included the Excelsior lightweight, the Diamond (D.F.& M.
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During the war part of Villiers production was again turned to fuses for shells, with over 10 million produced, although they continued to make engines and cycleparts. Their engines were also used in small motorcycles designed for air drop with paratroopers – the Excelsior
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the end of the 1920s they also started producing engines for stationary use, with the first model being the water-cooled WX11 and in 1933 the air-cooled Mar-vil. Villiers engines were also used in lawn mowers, for example the 147 cc engine was used in the
383:, Victoria and construction of a new factory started in 1953. Production of engines started in 1954 when the first of the factory buildings were completed. The third phase of construction was completed in 1957 and the factory officially opened by the
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flywheel-magneto. While the 147 cc relied on petrol-oil mixture for crankshaft lubrication, the two larger engines used a separate oil-feed system. The new 250 cc engine produced 25 per cent more power than the older 269 cc engine.
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Following the demise of parent company Norton Villiers Triumph, Villiers Australia Pty. Ltd. Was sold to Australian shareholders in 1978. Manufacture of engines continued until 1979 when the company became the sole Australian distributors of
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works based in Villiers Street, Wolverhampton. Under the direction of Charles, the company made cycle parts for the Sunbeam company. As the factory was producing more parts than Sunbeam required, it sold components to other manufacturers.
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former Villiers marketing company, Villiers Engines Ltd, was still in existence, the new company was named Wolverhampton Industrial Engines. The company name was subsequently changed to Villiers Ltd in March 1980.
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1902 was a momentous year for Villiers. Firstly, John Marston sold the company to his son Charles for £6,000 on a loan against future profits. Secondly, it developed and patented the cycle
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183:(70mm bore and stroke) and the simplicity of this engine and attractive price made it a rapid success. During 1913 the Sun-Villers motorcycle was launched manufactured by the
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introduced and the following year the factory extended to increase production to 10,000 units per year. 250 and 325 cc twin-cylinder engines were added to the range in 1958.
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and a 2.5 hp two-stroke model using the Villiers 269 cc engine. Whether many of either model were made before war orders halted production in 1915 is unclear.
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Villiers manufactured a range of single and twin two-stroke engines (from 98 cc to 325 cc) for light motorcycle and vehicle manufacturers until the 1960s.
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was purchased from the Merbank Corporation in 1971. Included in the deal was the Ronaldson & Tippett Foundry, which was renamed the Norvil Foundry.
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By 1914 the Villiers 269 cc 2-stroke engine had been adopted by a large number of motorcycle manufacturers, such as the Allday (
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Production of Villiers engines stopped in 1960. The company name was changed to Hispanomotor S.A. and production switched to
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Walker S.A. looked in to manufacturing Villiers engine under licence in Spain. With the approval of the Spanish Government,
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Sunbeamland, which had long been working on another plan, but it was possible to start them in a new factory".
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516:'Improvements in or relating to Magneto-devices for Internal-combustion Engines', Patent GB111391, 31-1-1917
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mowers of the 1920s and in 1931 it was joined by a 98 cc Villiers engine, known as the Midget.
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525:'Improvements in Oil Supply Systems for Crank Chambers and the like', Patent GB191509423, 1915
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complete with integral two-speed gearbox. Later that year it developed a 269 cc
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552:"Three Sizes of Villiers Engine", The Motor Cycle, 28 September 1922, pp437-438
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507:"For Sale 1915 Hobart-Villiers", Motor Cycle, 6 July 1916, Advertisements p26
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was set up in August 1951 and a contract signed with Villiers in September.
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In 1956, Villiers produced its two millionth engine and presented it to the
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Other manufacturers known to use Villiers engines up to 1915 include the
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489:"55 two-stroke and lightweight motorcycles", Motor Cycle, 23 July 1914
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and cycle parts, and an engineering company based in Villiers Street,
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543:"New Machines and an Old Name", The Motor Cycle, 13 May 1920, p540
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outboard marine engines, both companies owing their existence to
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engine using the flywheel-magneto instead of a separate magneto.
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534:"A New Flywheel Magneto", The Motor Cycle, 25 March 1920, p363
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As a result of the tour, in 1898, John Marston bought a small
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Man of Wolverhampton: Life and Times of Sir Charles Marston
498:"Latest Designs", Motor Cycle, 15 October 1914, pp436-437
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ML paratrooper's machine known as the Clockwork Mouse.
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Defunct motorcycle manufacturers of the United Kingdom
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429:A 10 ha (25 acres) site was selected in the
678:Von Harten, Marjorie; Marston, Melissa (1979),
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379:A 20 acres (8.1 ha) site was selected at
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30:Not to be confused with automotive engineer
270:The Villiers company also had links to the
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306:Production during the Second World War
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107:Villiers Junior, a folding military
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713:Junior, Junior Deluxe or 2F engines
27:Historical motorcycle manufacturer
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1456:1966 disestablishments in England
238:Production in the inter-war years
449:Wolverhampton Industrial Engines
250:1926 Villiers 300 cc engine
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478:Von Harten & Marston (1979)
229:Production during World War One
1451:1898 establishments in England
704:Local History site on Villiers
171:Production pre First World War
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596:"Villiers Engineering Spain"
568:"Villiers Australia History"
394:The manufacturing rights of
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650:"Villiers Wolverhampton"
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654:Salter Bros. Collection
600:Salter Bros. Collection
572:Salter Bros. Collection
363:Norton Villiers Triumph
336:JA Prestwich Industries
295:Carden-Baynes Auxiliary
221:, the Diamond, and the
1203:(1899–1966, 1988–1990)
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299:Abbott-Baynes Scud 3
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111:motorbike of WW2 era
40:Villiers Engineering
991:Beardmore Precision
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624:"Hispano Villiers"
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217:, The Hobart, the
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1237:New Imperial
961:Ascot-Pullin
937:Allen Norton
710:
679:
671:Bibliography
670:
669:
657:. Retrieved
653:
644:
632:. Retrieved
630:(in Spanish)
627:
603:. Retrieved
599:
575:. Retrieved
571:
548:
539:
530:
521:
512:
503:
494:
485:
480:, p. 58
462:
461:
452:
440:
433:district of
428:
413:
400:
393:
377:
348:
345:
341:
333:
326:
309:
283:L. E. Baynes
280:
276:John Marston
269:
261:
257:
253:
241:
232:
212:
208:
189:
174:
162:
154:
136:John Marston
133:
115:
114:
78:Headquarters
36:
18:Villiers Ltd
1431:(1905–1950)
1425:(1909–1954)
1419:(1911–1916)
1413:(1928–1959)
1411:Vincent-HRD
1407:(1898–1966)
1401:(1904–1971)
1395:(1912–1964)
1389:(1947–1959)
1383:(1885–1983)
1377:(1911–1961)
1371:(1964–1974)
1365:(1900–1915)
1359:(1976–1979)
1353:(1908–1965)
1347:(1911–1946)
1341:(1909–1932)
1335:(1893–1971)
1329:(1902–1924)
1323:(1960–1975)
1317:(1899–1933)
1311:(1899–1967)
1305:(1901–1928)
1299:(1975–1982)
1293:(1904–1967)
1287:(1908–1921)
1281:(1922–1930)
1275:(1882–1940)
1269:(1901–1954)
1263:(1912–1933)
1257:(1972–1978)
1251:(1966–1972)
1245:(1935–1963)
1239:(1901–1939)
1233:(1903–1958)
1227:(1921–1926)
1221:(1902–1939)
1215:(2004–2014)
1209:(1926–1929)
1197:(1919–1923)
1191:(1911–1939)
1185:(1903–1939)
1179:(1902–1966)
1173:(1911–1934)
1167:(1922–1928)
1161:(1898–1930)
1155:(1981–1988)
1149:(1971–1977)
1143:(1895–1923)
1137:(1912–1924)
1131:(1923-1939)
1125:(1953–1976)
1119:(1919–1966)
1113:(1896–1964)
1107:(1947–1977)
1101:(1919–1923)
1095:(1919–1935)
1089:(1907–1957)
1083:(1908–1978)
1077:(1945–1971)
1071:(1919–1936)
1065:(1901–1939)
1059:(1918–1980)
1053:(1946–1954)
1047:(1909–1923)
1041:(1900–1936)
1035:(1903–1906)
1029:(1909–1939)
1023:(1919–1972)
1017:(1919–1940)
1011:(1908–1926)
1005:(1902–1924)
999:(1913–1922)
993:(1914–1930)
987:(1920–1936)
981:(1902–1926)
975:(1927–1930)
969:(1937–1966)
963:(1928–1930)
957:(1980–1987)
951:(1902–1970)
945:(1946–1964)
939:(1990–1994}
933:(1903–1915)
927:(1903–1906)
921:(1919–1925)
915:(1919–1922)
909:(1928–1976)
903:(1909–2000)
897:(1925–1926)
891:(1937–1940)
885:(1919–1924)
879:(1905–1947)
873:(1902–1922)
867:(1919–1924)
861:(1950–1954)
855:(1903–1925)
849:(1946–1959)
843:(1919–1923)
634:12 November
605:12 November
577:12 November
431:Sant Andreu
420: [
389:Henry Bolte
331:in London.
177:four-stroke
126:, England.
120:motorcycles
97:Motorcycles
1445:Categories
1273:OK-Supreme
1231:New Hudson
1219:Montgomery
1195:Martinsyde
1039:Chater-Lea
997:Blackburne
943:Ambassador
835:Abbotsford
750:motorcycle
659:5 February
628:grupo7.com
458:References
443:Lombardini
219:Chater-Lea
204:Sparkbrook
181:two-stroke
165:free-wheel
1417:Wilkinson
1399:Velocette
1225:Ner-A-Car
1201:Matchless
1111:Excelsior
1027:Calthorpe
955:Armstrong
445:engines.
435:Barcelona
374:Australia
281:In 1936,
223:Excelsior
157:Japanning
1405:Villiers
1315:Rex-Acme
1303:Quadrant
1003:Bradbury
847:Aberdale
837:(1919–?)
748:British
711:Villiers
381:Ballarat
315:and the
94:Products
54:Industry
1393:Sunbeam
1381:Triumph
1321:Rickman
1309:Raleigh
1291:Panther
1285:Premier
1279:P&P
1213:Megelli
1153:Hesketh
1123:Greeves
1087:Douglas
985:Baughan
877:Advance
865:Ackland
828:Defunct
814:Triumph
804:Métisse
799:Hesketh
794:Greeves
767:Current
357:became
313:Welbike
215:Campion
140:Sunbeam
109:welbike
88:England
70:Defunct
62:Founder
1429:Zenith
1423:Wooler
1387:Tandon
1369:Sprite
1363:Singer
1297:Quasar
1243:Norman
1207:McEvoy
1159:Humber
1147:Healey
1093:Dunelt
1057:Cotton
1009:Brough
919:Alecto
913:Akkens
809:Norton
789:Cheney
686:
1351:Scott
1345:Rudge
1327:Rover
1189:Levis
1177:James
1135:Haden
1099:Duzmo
1051:Corgi
1045:Clyno
973:Baker
949:Ariel
925:Alert
779:Ariel
463:Notes
424:]
410:Spain
317:James
1357:Silk
1339:Ruby
871:Acme
819:Wasp
684:ISBN
661:2023
636:2023
607:2023
579:2023
285:and
265:Atco
73:1966
65:1898
1375:Sun
1267:OEC
1261:NUT
1183:JAP
1171:Ivy
1165:HRD
1105:EMC
1081:DOT
1075:DMW
1021:BSA
979:Bat
967:AMC
907:AJW
895:AJR
889:AER
883:AEL
859:ABJ
841:ABC
784:CCM
774:AJS
355:AMC
194:),
147:in
138:'s
1447::
652:.
626:.
615:^
598:.
587:^
570:.
557:^
470:^
422:es
406:.
391:.
387:,
225:.
187:.
86:,
741:e
734:t
727:v
663:.
638:.
609:.
581:.
34:.
20:)
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