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523:. This climbing action prevents shading by neighbors and allows the vine to grow out of reach of herbivores. The environment where a vine can grow successfully is determined by the climbing mechanism of a vine and how far it can spread across supports. There are many theories supporting the idea that photosynthetic responses are closely related to climbing mechanisms.
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are more likely to coil around nearby plants of another species than nearby plants of the same species in natural and experimental settings. This ability, which has only been previously documented in roots, demonstrates the vine's ability to distinguish whether another plant is of the same species as
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A vine displays a growth form based on very long stems. This has two purposes. A vine may use rock exposures, other plants, or other supports for growth rather than investing energy in a lot of supportive tissue, enabling the plant to reach sunlight with a minimum investment of energy. This has been
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Temperate twining vines, which twist tightly around supports, are typically poorly adapted for climbing beneath closed canopies due to their smaller support diameter and shade intolerance. In contrast, tendril vines usually grow on the forest floor and onto trees until they reach the surface of the
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The direction of rotation of the shoot tip during climbing is autonomous and does not (as sometimes imagined) derive from the shoot's following the sun around the sky – the direction of twist does not therefore depend upon which side of the equator the plant is growing on. This is shown by the fact
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Gardeners can use the tendency of climbing plants to grow quickly. If a plant display is wanted quickly, a climber can achieve this. Climbers can be trained over walls, pergolas, fences, etc. Climbers can be grown over other plants to provide additional attraction. Artificial support can also be
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The evolution of a climbing habit has been implicated as a key innovation associated with the evolutionary success and diversification of a number of taxonomic groups of plants. It has evolved independently in several plant families, using many different climbing methods, such as:
190:. It is also an adaptation to life in areas where small patches of fertile soil are adjacent to exposed areas with more sunlight but little or no soil. A vine can root in the soil but have most of its leaves in the brighter, exposed area, getting the best of both environments.
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Vines widely differ in size, form and evolutionary origin. Darwin classified climbing groups based on their climbing method. He classified five classes of vines – twining plants, leaf climbers, tendril bearers, root climbers and hook climbers.
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Climbing vines can take on many unique characteristics in response to changes in their environments. Climbing vines can induce chemical defenses and modify their biomass allocation in response to herbivores. In particular, the twisting vine
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Vines are unique in that they have multiple evolutionary origins. They usually reside in tropical locations and have the unique ability to climb. Vines are able to grow in both deep shade and full sun due to their uniquely wide range of
312:. The stem does not climb, but rather the fronds (leaves) do. The fronds unroll from the tip, and theoretically never stop growing; they can form thickets as they unroll over other plants, rockfaces, and fences.
2059:
Molina-Montenegro, Marco A.; Gianoli, Ernesto; Becerra, José (2007). "Interactive
Effects of Leaf Damage, Light Intensity and Support Availability on Chemical Defenses and Morphology of a Twining Vine".
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sensitive K+, Mg2+ ATPase and a Ca2+ translocating ATPase rapidly increase their activity. This increases transmembrane ion fluxes that appear to be involved in the early stages of tendril coiling.
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275:) where the stem adopts a flattened profile and grows up the tree underneath the host tree's outer bark. The fetterbush then sends out branches that emerge near the top of the tree.
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Millet, B.; Melin, D.; Badot, P.-M. (1988). "Circumnutation in
Phaseolus vulgaris. I. Growth, osmotic potential and cell ultrastructure in the free moving part of the shoot".
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like cucumbers where botanists refer to creeping vines; in commercial agriculture the natural tendency of coiling tendrils to attach themselves to pre-existing structures or
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Using 'vines' to denote all climbing plants may initially confuse some readers from lands where, with due respect for wine, 'the vine' is used solely in reference to grapes.
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In parts of the world, including the
British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
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271:) is a woody shrub-vine which climbs without clinging roots, tendrils, or thorns. It directs its stem into a crevice in the bark of fibrous barked trees (such as
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canopy, suggesting that they have greater physiological plasticity. It has also been suggested that twining vines' revolving growth is mediated by changes in
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581:. The touch stimulus and hormones may interact via volatile compounds or internal oscillation patterns. Research has found the presence of ion translocating
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increases its twining in response to herbivore-associated leaf damage, which may lead to reduced future herbivory. Additionally, the tendrils of
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404:, in contrast to vines that climb using tendrils or suckers. Many bines have rough stems or downward-pointing bristles to aid their grip.
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species). The contrasting rotations of bindweed and honeysuckle was the theme of the satirical song "Misalliance", written and sung by
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689:
1997:
Carter, Gregory A.; Teramura, Alan H. (1988). "Vine
Photosynthesis and Relationships to Climbing Mechanisms in a Forest Understory".
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in parts of North
America. There are some tropical vines that develop skototropism, and grow away from the light, a type of negative
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species of plants, which has implications for a possible ion mediation tendril curling mechanism. In response to a touch stimulus,
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In tendrilled vines, the tendrils are highly sensitive to touch and the coiling action is mediated by the hormones octadecanoids,
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The vine growth form may also enable plants to colonize large areas quickly, even without climbing high. This is the case with
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using tendrils which also produce adhesive pads at the end that attach themselves quite strongly to the support (
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It is the work of a student editor, it needs verification, and may be overly technical for this article.
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provided. Some climbers climb by themselves; others need work, such as tying them in and training them.
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can grow as low shrubs when support is not available, but will become vines when support is available.
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Certain plants always grow as vines, while a few grow as vines only part of the time. For instance,
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1884:. UNC Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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using thorns (e.g. climbing rose) or other hooked structures, such as hooked branches (e.g.
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2113:"Self-discrimination in the tendrils of the vine is mediated by physiological connection"
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This article is about climbing plants in general. For the short-form video service, see
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1259:, known as the Virginia creeper, Victoria creeper, five-leaved ivy, or five-finger
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can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in
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Liß, H.; Weiler, E. W. (July 1994). "Ion-translocating ATPases in tendrils of
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1718:"Evolution of a climbing habit promotes diversification in flowering plants"
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Most vines are flowering plants. These may be divided into woody vines or
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408:(used in flavoring beer) are a commercially important example of a bine.
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species), while others twine anticlockwise, including black bryony (
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The New shorter Oxford
English dictionary on historical principles
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Plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent stems or runners
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1155:, known as the bottle gourd, calabash, opo squash, or long melon
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1187:, a genus of about 40 species of ferns, known as climbing ferns
1074:, climbing guinea flower, golden guinea vine, gold guinea plant
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that some bines always twine clockwise, including runner bean (
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103: 'wine') is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or
1082:, a genus of about 300 species of climbing or creeping plants
1589:
A Glossary of
Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent
1634:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. 2007. p. 3804.
1026:, cat's claw creeper, funnel creeper, or cat's claw trumpet
1858:
Native and
Naturalized Plants of the Carolinas and Georgia
198:
twining the stem around a support (e.g., morning glories,
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1361:, known as chayote, christophene, or several other names
1066:, known as common ivy, English ivy, European ivy, or ivy
107:(that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word
2117:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
1722:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
859:, a genus of thorny ornamental vines, bushes, and trees
326:
direction (viewed from the point of view of the plant:
1948:
Gianoli, Ernesto; Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. (2005).
1377:, a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family
1443:, known as the Bengal clock vine or blue trumpet vine
828:, ayahuasca, also known as caapi, yage, and soul vine
994:, known as corkscrew vine, snail vine, snail creeper
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988:, cup-and-saucer vine, cathedral bells, Mexican ivy
207:by way of adventitious, clinging roots (e.g., ivy,
163:a highly successful growth form for plants such as
1560:
1950:"Leaf Damage Induces Twining in a Climbing Plant"
304:One odd group of vining plants is the fern genus
400:, is one that climbs by its shoots growing in a
1491:, a genus of flowering plants in the pea family
1251:, Chinese Virginia-creeper, silver vein creeper
2111:Fukano, Yuya; Yamawo, Akira (26 August 2015).
1681:Glimn-Lacy, Janice; Kaufman, Peter B. (2006).
1527:On the Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants
2269:
1881:Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States
1798:Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States
1607:. Cambridge University Press. pp. xiii.
8:
3375:International Association for Plant Taxonomy
1591:, 4th ed. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co.
1171:, known as Suikazura or Japanese honeysuckle
297:, and herbaceous (nonwoody) vines, such as
2476:
2276:
2262:
2254:
1517:, any of various long-stemmed, woody vines
2136:
1965:
1749:
1632:Shorter Oxford English dictionary, 6th ed
3319:International Code of Nomenclature (ICN)
1833:. Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants
1034:, known as golden pothos and devil's ivy
772:, known as wild grape or porcelain berry
688:
678:
667:
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611:
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487:needs attention from an expert in plants
1551:
497:may be able to help recruit an expert.
1483:, any of about sixty species of grape
820:, bridal creeper, bridal-veil creeper
7:
949:, the rosary vine or sweetheart vine
456:is optimized by the installation of
1475:, Confederate jasmine, star jasmine
1114:, known as ocean blue morning glory
229:, which can be specialized shoots (
2046:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb06634.x
1587:Jackson; Benjamin; Daydon (1928).
1315:, flamevine or orange trumpet vine
547:mediated by volume changes in the
25:
3324:ICN for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP)
1658:. mannuthynursery. Archived from
438:Michael Flanders and Donald Swann
335:: A right-handed bine grows in a
322:: A left-handed bine grows in an
3487:
3486:
2249:. Chicago: F. E. Compton and Co.
2244:The New Student's Reference Work
2234:Beach, Chandler B., ed. (1914).
2221:
2209:
1967:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01484.x
1195:, rocktrumpet, Brazilian jasmine
760:, known as wild grape or djabaru
476:
448:The term "vine" also applies to
396:A twining vine, also known as a
376:
356:
56:(bitter melon), a climbing plant
1:
1878:Weakley, Alan S. (May 2015).
1804:. p. 661. Archived from
1536:List of world's longest vines
1401:, known as Madagascar jasmine
744:, three leafed chocolate vine
444:Horticultural climbing plants
430:) and climbing honeysuckles (
216:with twining petioles (e.g.,
3365:History of plant systematics
2952:Thorns, spines, and prickles
1320:Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides
738:, five leafed chocolate vine
133:vine twining around a steel
2062:Journal of Chemical Ecology
1472:Trachelospermum jasminoides
1264:Parthenocissus tricuspidata
1256:Parthenocissus quinquefolia
1050:, known as the climbing fig
570:itself or a different one.
489:. The specific problem is:
237:), or even inflorescences (
3544:
3181:Alternation of generations
1999:American Journal of Botany
1267:, Boston ivy, Japanese ivy
891:, the Chinese trumpet vine
804:, the heart-leaved aptenia
29:
3482:
3331:Cultivated plant taxonomy
3294:Biological classification
2291:
2082:10.1007/s10886-006-9215-8
1716:Gianoli, Ernesto (2004).
1464:Trachelospermum asiaticum
898:Cardiospermum halicacabum
265:The climbing fetterbush (
3191:Evolutionary development
1831:"Japanese climbing fern"
1601:Francis E. Putz (1991).
1406:Strongylodon macrobotrys
1291:, heartleaf philodendron
383:Tendril-supported vine (
2842:Hypanthium (Floral cup)
1299:, the pink trumpet vine
1288:Philodendron hederaceum
1248:Parthenocissus henryana
1138:, the common coral vine
1023:Dolichandra unguis-cati
930:Clerodendrum thomsoniae
684:Oceanblue morning glory
619:'s vigorous wall growth
3457:by author abbreviation
3381:Plant taxonomy systems
3299:Botanical nomenclature
2129:10.1098/rspb.2015.1379
1795:Weakley, Alan (2010).
1734:10.1098/rspb.2004.2827
1567:. Oxford : Clarendon.
1559:Brown, Lesley (1993).
1456:Toxicodendron radicans
1440:Thunbergia grandiflora
1398:Stephanotis floribunda
1243:, the wonga wonga vine
1216:Muehlenbeckia adpressa
1039:Fallopia baldschuanica
817:Asparagus asparagoides
796:, the Confederate vine
727:Aeschynanthus radicans
697:
686:
676:
665:
654:
643:
631:
620:
609:
608:trailing on a trellis.
539:
534:vine on the street in
468:Scientific description
344:
258:Artabotrys hexapetalus
148:
137:
97:
81:
68:
57:
38:. For other uses, see
34:. For grapevines, see
3464:Botanical expeditions
2034:Physiologia Plantarum
1693:10.1007/0-387-28875-9
1541:Vine training systems
1510:Vine (disambiguation)
1459:, known as poison ivy
1451:, the bush clock vine
1422:Syngonium podophyllum
1417:, the goosefoot vine
1055:Hardenbergia violacea
1010:, known as wild grape
933:, bleeding-heart vine
765:Ampelopsis glandulosa
752:, common trumpet vine
692:
682:
671:
660:
649:
637:
626:
615:
604:
551:of the bending zone.
529:
521:phenotypic plasticity
363:Twining vine / bine (
318:
268:Pieris phillyreifolia
143:
129:
63:
50:
40:Vine (disambiguation)
3196:Evolutionary history
3186:Double fertilization
3038:Cellular respiration
2230:at Wikimedia Commons
2218:at Wikimedia Commons
1854:"As the vine twines"
1662:on 16 September 2019
1604:The Biology of Vines
1499:, silver dollar vine
1425:, the arrowhead vine
1296:Podranea ricasoliana
1232:Pandorea jasminoides
1219:, the macquarie vine
1098:, climbing hydrangea
1095:Hydrangea petiolaris
825:Banisteriopsis caapi
757:Ampelocissus acetosa
749:Allamanda cathartica
722:, the Allegheny vine
638:Scrambling habit of
579:indole-3-acetic acid
558:Convolvulus arvensis
171:, both of which are
169:Japanese honeysuckle
2415:Non-vascular plants
2074:2007JCEco..33...95G
1954:The New Phytologist
1728:(1552): 2011–2015.
1369:, known as Cape ivy
1323:, Mexican flamevine
1275:, the passion fruit
1200:Momordica charantia
1152:Lagenaria siceraria
1119:Jasminum polyanthum
957:, the kangaroo vine
888:Campsis grandiflora
883:, the trumpet vine
864:Callerya megasperma
777:Anredera cordifolia
730:, the lipstick vine
675:trailing on trellis
651:Confederate jasmine
415:Phaseolus coccineus
53:Momordica charantia
2920:Surface structures
2715:Flower development
2178:10.1007/BF00196385
2123:(1814): 20151379.
1684:Botany Illustrated
1435:, black-eyed Susan
1390:Stephania japonica
1331:, Lady Banks' rose
1312:Pyrostegia venusta
1240:Pandorea pandorana
1203:, the bitter gourd
1143:Kennedia nigricans
1071:Hibbertia scandens
1042:, the Russian vine
1007:Cyphostemma juttae
946:Ceropegia linearis
917:, string of hearts
901:, the balloon vine
833:Berchemia scandens
809:Araujia sericifera
801:Aptenia cordifolia
793:Antigonon leptopus
711:Actinidia polygama
698:
696:creeping on ground
687:
677:
666:
655:
644:
640:Climbing groundsel
632:
621:
610:
540:
495:WikiProject Plants
427:Dioscorea communis
345:
149:
147:covering a chimney
138:
69:
58:
3500:
3499:
3139:Herbaceous plants
2965:
2964:
2226:Media related to
2214:Media related to
1773:Putz, Francis E.
1702:978-0-387-28870-3
1614:978-0-521-39250-1
1521:Nutation (botany)
1467:, Asiatic jasmine
1448:Thunbergia erecta
1385:, the potato vine
1366:Senecio angulatus
1353:, the silver vine
1350:Scindapsus pictus
1272:Passiflora edulis
1168:Lonicera japonica
1160:Lathyrus odoratus
1147:, black coral pea
1135:Kennedia coccinea
1031:Epipremnum aureum
970:Citrullus lanatus
962:Cissus hypoglauca
954:Cissus antarctica
938:Clitoria ternatea
925:, traveller's joy
872:Calystegia sepium
867:, native wisteria
836:, the rattan vine
742:Akebia trifoliata
714:, the silver vine
627:Spring growth of
597:Example vine taxa
567:Cayratia japonica
512:
511:
16:(Redirected from
3535:
3528:Plant life-forms
3513:Plant morphology
3490:
3489:
3469:Individual trees
3144:Secondary growth
3115:Succulent plants
3103:Prostrate shrubs
2986:Apical dominance
2971:Plant physiology
2932:Epicuticular wax
2477:
2470:
2461:Plant morphology
2278:
2271:
2264:
2255:
2250:
2248:
2239:
2225:
2213:
2198:
2197:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2140:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2029:
2023:
2022:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1969:
1945:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1917:
1911:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1810:
1803:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1753:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1598:
1592:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1566:
1556:
1432:Thunbergia alata
1345:, hydrangea vine
1307:, the kudzu vine
1280:Periploca graeca
1208:Mikania scandens
1127:Kadsura japonica
1015:Delairea odorata
965:, the water vine
922:Clematis vitalba
914:Ceropegia woodii
909:, the staff vine
875:, hedge bindweed
851:, the cross vine
788:, the coral vine
769:brevipedunculata
703:Actinidia arguta
664:'s showy flowers
629:Virginia Creeper
507:
504:
498:
480:
479:
472:
418:) and bindweed (
386:Brunnichia ovata
380:
360:
173:invasive exotics
21:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3523:Plants by habit
3503:
3502:
3501:
3496:
3478:
3447:Botanical terms
3440:
3426:
3390:
3336:Citrus taxonomy
3314:Author citation
3280:
3174:
3153:
3075:
3069:
3065:Turgor pressure
2973:
2961:
2915:
2730:Floral symmetry
2648:
2640:
2570:
2559:Vascular bundle
2554:Vascular tissue
2513:
2473:
2464:
2463:
2449:
2420:Vascular plants
2385:
2381:Plant pathology
2305:
2287:
2282:
2233:
2228:Climbing plants
2206:
2201:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2011:10.2307/2443769
1996:
1995:
1991:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1931:
1925:Willamette Week
1918:
1914:
1909:Merriam-Webster
1901:
1897:
1887:
1885:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1862:
1860:
1852:Haldeman, Jan.
1851:
1850:
1846:
1836:
1834:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1811:on 22 July 2018
1808:
1801:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1779:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1506:
1409:, the jade vine
1339:, climbing rose
1304:Pueraria lobata
1283:, the silk vine
1211:, the hemp vine
1163:, the sweet pea
1103:Ipomoea cairica
1087:Humulus lupulus
999:Cucumis sativus
985:Cobaea scandens
941:, butterfly pea
719:Adlumia fungosa
706:, the tara vine
599:
549:epidermal cells
545:turgor pressure
508:
502:
499:
493:
481:
477:
470:
446:
394:
393:
392:
391:
390:
381:
372:
371:
370:
361:
350:
331:
124:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3541:
3539:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3505:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3437:Related topics
3435:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3386:Taxonomic rank
3383:
3378:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3338:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3304:Botanical name
3296:
3290:
3288:
3286:Plant taxonomy
3282:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3262:Megasporangium
3259:
3258:
3257:
3250:Microsporangia
3242:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3095:
3090:
3088:Cushion plants
3079:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3025:
3023:Plant hormones
3020:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3006:Photosynthesis
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2818:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2725:Floral formula
2722:
2720:Floral diagram
2717:
2712:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2673:
2663:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2649:(incl. Flower)
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2609:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2551:
2549:Storage organs
2546:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2483:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2435:Spermatophytes
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2405:Archaeplastida
2402:
2396:
2394:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2359:Phytogeography
2356:
2354:Phytochemistry
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2311:Subdisciplines
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2237:"Twiner"
2231:
2219:
2205:
2204:External links
2202:
2200:
2199:
2172:(2): 169–180.
2162:Bryonia dioica
2152:
2103:
2051:
2024:
1989:
1940:
1929:
1912:
1895:
1870:
1844:
1822:
1787:
1775:"Vine Ecology"
1765:
1708:
1701:
1673:
1647:
1641:978-0199206872
1640:
1623:
1613:
1593:
1580:
1573:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1531:Charles Darwin
1524:
1518:
1512:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1492:
1484:
1476:
1468:
1460:
1452:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1370:
1362:
1354:
1346:
1340:
1332:
1324:
1316:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1284:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1252:
1244:
1236:
1228:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1196:
1188:
1180:
1172:
1164:
1156:
1148:
1139:
1131:
1130:, kadsura vine
1123:
1122:, pink jasmine
1115:
1111:Ipomoea indica
1107:
1099:
1091:
1083:
1075:
1067:
1059:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1027:
1019:
1011:
1003:
1002:, the cucumber
995:
992:Cochliasanthus
989:
981:
980:the watermelon
966:
958:
950:
942:
934:
926:
918:
910:
902:
894:
893:
892:
876:
868:
860:
852:
844:
837:
829:
821:
813:
805:
797:
789:
781:
780:, Madeira-vine
773:
761:
753:
745:
739:
735:Akebia quinata
731:
723:
715:
707:
606:Canary Creeper
598:
595:
587:Bryonia dioica
510:
509:
484:
482:
475:
469:
466:
445:
442:
382:
375:
374:
373:
362:
355:
354:
353:
352:
351:
349:
346:
310:climbing ferns
263:
262:
253:
249:Parthenocissus
244:
223:
214:
205:
123:
120:
32:Vine (service)
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3540:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3493:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3423:
3422:Phytochemical
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3060:Transpiration
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2847:Inflorescence
2845:
2843:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2532:Ground tissue
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:Plant anatomy
2452:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2376:Plant ecology
2374:
2372:
2371:Plant anatomy
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2319:Archaeobotany
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2267:
2265:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2247:
2245:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2156:
2153:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2107:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2068:(1): 95–103.
2067:
2063:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1960:(2): 385–90.
1959:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1874:
1871:
1859:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1807:
1800:
1799:
1791:
1788:
1776:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1677:
1674:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1574:0-19-861271-0
1570:
1565:
1564:
1555:
1552:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1382:Solanum laxum
1379:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1358:Sechium edule
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1343:Schizophragma
1341:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1328:Rosa banksiae
1325:
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993:
990:
987:
986:
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979:
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975:
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956:
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951:
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927:
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923:
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889:
885:
884:
882:
881:
877:
874:
873:
869:
866:
865:
861:
858:
857:
856:Bougainvillea
853:
850:
849:
845:
843:
842:
838:
835:
834:
830:
827:
826:
822:
819:
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516:
506:
496:
492:
488:
485:This section
483:
474:
473:
467:
465:
461:
459:
455:
451:
450:cucurbitaceae
443:
441:
439:
435:
434:
429:
428:
423:
422:
417:
416:
409:
407:
403:
399:
388:
387:
379:
368:
367:
366:Fockea edulis
359:
348:Twining vines
347:
342:
338:
334:
329:
325:
324:anticlockwise
321:
317:
313:
311:
307:
302:
300:
299:morning glory
296:
292:
288:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
269:
260:
259:
254:
251:
250:
245:
242:
241:
236:
232:
228:
224:
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211:
206:
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202:
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189:
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166:
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158:
154:
146:
142:
136:
132:
128:
121:
119:
116:
114:
110:
106:
102:
101:
100:
94:
90:
86:
85:
84:
78:
74:
67:
62:
55:
54:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
18:Vine (botany)
3417:Horticulture
3407:Floriculture
3309:Correct name
3159:Reproduction
3149:Woody plants
3124:
3074:Plant growth
3033:Gas Exchange
3018:Phytomelanin
2896:Plant embryo
2646:Reproductive
2494:Phragmoplast
2243:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2120:
2116:
2106:
2065:
2061:
2054:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1932:
1923:
1915:
1903:
1898:
1886:. Retrieved
1880:
1873:
1861:. Retrieved
1857:
1847:
1835:. Retrieved
1825:
1813:. Retrieved
1806:the original
1797:
1790:
1778:. Retrieved
1768:
1725:
1721:
1711:
1687:. Springer.
1683:
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1660:the original
1650:
1631:
1626:
1618:
1603:
1596:
1588:
1583:
1562:
1554:
1494:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1462:
1454:
1446:
1438:
1430:
1420:
1412:
1404:
1396:
1393:, snake vine
1388:
1380:
1372:
1364:
1356:
1348:
1336:Rosa filipes
1334:
1326:
1318:
1310:
1302:
1294:
1286:
1278:
1270:
1262:
1254:
1246:
1238:
1235:, bower vine
1230:
1222:
1214:
1206:
1198:
1190:
1182:
1174:
1166:
1158:
1150:
1141:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1090:, common hop
1085:
1077:
1069:
1063:Hedera helix
1061:
1058:, lilac vine
1053:
1047:Ficus pumila
1045:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1018:, German ivy
1013:
1005:
997:
983:
977:
973:
969:
960:
952:
944:
936:
928:
920:
912:
904:
896:
886:
878:
870:
862:
854:
846:
839:
831:
823:
815:
807:
799:
791:
783:
775:
768:
764:
755:
747:
733:
725:
717:
709:
701:
653:with flowers
617:Ficus pumila
586:
572:
566:
556:
553:
541:
517:
513:
500:
490:
486:
462:
447:
431:
425:
419:
413:
410:
397:
395:
384:
364:
339:direction. (
332:
319:
305:
303:
277:
273:bald cypress
266:
264:
256:
247:
238:
235:Bignoniaceae
217:
208:
199:
192:
181:
177:phototropism
161:
150:
135:fixed ladder
122:Growth forms
117:
108:
96:
95:'; from
80:
72:
70:
51:
44:
3233:Pollen tube
3228:Pollinators
3218:Pollination
3213:Germination
3028:Respiration
3011:Chlorophyll
2857:Pedicellate
2791:Gametophyte
2710:Aestivation
2661:Antheridium
2656:Archegonium
2504:Plasmodesma
2481:Plant cells
2344:Paleobotany
2339:Ethnobotany
2324:Astrobotany
2040:: 133–138.
2005:(7): 1101.
1937:Misalliance
812:, moth vine
421:Convolvulus
233:), leaves (
157:bittersweet
131:Convolvulus
3507:Categories
3255:Microspore
3245:Sporangium
3223:Artificial
2911:Sporophyte
2906:Sporophyll
2901:Receptacle
2796:Gynandrium
2666:Androecium
2575:Vegetative
2445:Angiosperm
2440:Gymnosperm
2334:Dendrology
1920:Cone Heads
1888:16 January
1863:16 January
1815:25 January
1656:"Creepers"
1547:References
1496:Xerosicyos
1192:Mandevilla
694:German ivy
673:Mandevilla
662:Bower vine
575:jasmonates
295:common ivy
282:, such as
240:Passiflora
188:ground ivy
184:periwinkle
153:poison ivy
145:Boston ivy
75:(from
3452:Botanists
3370:Herbarium
3267:Megaspore
3165:Evolution
3108:Subshrubs
3076:and habit
3001:Nutrition
2996:Cellulose
2991:Bulk flow
2974:Materials
2937:Epidermis
2801:Gynoecium
2782:Endosperm
2777:Dispersal
2693:Staminode
2629:Sessility
2617:Cataphyll
2537:Mesophyll
2489:Cell wall
2430:Lycophyte
2410:Bryophyte
2364:Geobotany
2349:Phycology
1414:Syngonium
1224:Nepenthes
906:Celastrus
785:Antigonon
563:perennial
460:netting.
454:espaliers
337:clockwise
308:, called
291:kiwifruit
89:grapevine
3492:Category
3412:Forestry
3402:Agronomy
3395:Practice
3346:Cultivar
3341:Cultigen
3201:timeline
3093:Rosettes
2981:Aleurone
2957:Trichome
2874:Perianth
2686:Filament
2544:Meristem
2467:glossary
2329:Bryology
2194:25162242
2186:23383001
2147:26311669
2098:27419071
2090:17111219
1984:15998392
1760:15451690
1504:See also
1488:Wisteria
1374:Solandra
1184:Lygodium
848:Bignonia
591:vanadate
538:, Russia
530:A large
503:May 2018
433:Lonicera
306:Lygodium
287:wisteria
231:Vitaceae
227:tendrils
222:species)
219:Clematis
213:species)
204:species)
105:scandent
93:vineyard
3170:Ecology
2927:Cuticle
2757:Capsule
2747:Anatomy
2698:Tapetum
2622:Petiole
2597:Rhizome
2592:Rhizoid
2519:Tissues
2509:Vacuole
2499:Plastid
2301:Outline
2296:History
2164:Jacq".
2138:4571702
2070:Bibcode
2019:2443769
1976:3694507
1837:6 March
1780:1 March
1751:1691831
1742:4142967
1666:17 July
974:lanatus
880:Campsis
585:in the
583:ATPases
458:trellis
341:Z-twist
328:S-twist
201:Ipomoea
87: '
66:tendril
3474:Plants
3377:(IAPT)
3130:Lianas
3098:Shrubs
3050:Starch
2942:Nectar
2862:Raceme
2828:Stigma
2816:Locule
2806:Carpel
2767:Pyrena
2705:Flower
2681:Anther
2676:Stamen
2671:Pollen
2393:groups
2285:Botany
2246:
2192:
2184:
2166:Planta
2145:
2135:
2096:
2088:
2017:
1982:
1974:
1758:
1748:
1740:
1699:
1638:
1611:
1571:
293:, and
284:akebia
280:lianas
225:using
210:Hedera
115:work.
113:wicker
3518:Vines
3434:Lists
3351:Group
3274:Spore
3208:Flora
3125:Vines
3120:Trees
3083:Habit
3055:Sugar
2947:Stoma
2889:Sepal
2884:Petal
2879:Tepal
2867:Umbel
2852:Bract
2833:Style
2821:Ovule
2811:Ovary
2752:Berry
2742:Fruit
2735:Whorl
2602:Shoot
2400:Algae
2391:Plant
2216:Vines
2190:S2CID
2182:JSTOR
2094:S2CID
2015:JSTOR
1972:JSTOR
1809:(PDF)
1802:(PDF)
1738:JSTOR
1529:, by
1515:Liana
1480:Vitis
1176:Luffa
972:var.
841:Betel
767:var.
565:vine
536:Sochi
532:Apios
402:helix
165:kudzu
99:vīnum
83:vīnea
79:
77:Latin
36:Vitis
3356:Grex
3238:Self
2772:Seed
2634:Stem
2612:Leaf
2587:Root
2582:Bulb
2566:Wood
2527:Cork
2425:Fern
2143:PMID
2086:PMID
1980:PMID
1904:bine
1890:2018
1865:2018
1839:2023
1817:2011
1782:2012
1756:PMID
1697:ISBN
1668:2013
1636:ISBN
1609:ISBN
1569:ISBN
1079:Hoya
577:and
406:Hops
398:bine
186:and
167:and
155:and
109:vine
73:vine
3045:Sap
2762:Nut
2607:Bud
2174:doi
2170:194
2133:PMC
2125:doi
2121:282
2078:doi
2042:doi
2007:doi
1962:doi
1958:167
1922:at
1907:at
1746:PMC
1730:doi
1726:271
1689:doi
330:).
3509::
2240:.
2188:.
2180:.
2168:.
2141:.
2131:.
2119:.
2115:.
2092:.
2084:.
2076:.
2066:33
2064:.
2038:72
2036:.
2013:.
2003:75
2001:.
1978:.
1970:.
1956:.
1952:.
1856:.
1754:.
1744:.
1736:.
1724:.
1720:.
1695:.
1617:.
301:.
289:,
91:,
71:A
64:A
2469:)
2465:(
2277:e
2270:t
2263:v
2196:.
2176::
2149:.
2127::
2100:.
2080::
2072::
2048:.
2044::
2021:.
2009::
1986:.
1964::
1892:.
1867:.
1841:.
1819:.
1784:.
1762:.
1732::
1705:.
1691::
1670:.
1644:.
1577:.
1145:'
978:,
642:.
505:)
501:(
389:)
369:)
343:)
333:R
320:L
261:)
252:)
243:)
42:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
