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475:, to recruit the African-American miners. The body of the bas-relief is made of symbolic representations of the Chicago & Alton tracks and the assault on the strikers. The guards are shown pointing their Winchesters at the strikers and their families. Atop the bas-relief is a bronze portrait of
425:, and by the desire to create decent lives for their own families. Some of the striking coal miners were themselves African-American, and black coal miners who were union members in good standing were apparently accepted by their unionized white comrades. However, this acceptance did not extend to
834:
living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.87.
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As a gun battle broke out in and around the strikebreakers' train, there were dead and wounded on both sides. Of the thirteen dead, six were security guards. Furthermore, had the strikers won the battle, their intentions toward the
Alabama strikebreakers were not friendly. After twenty minutes of
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In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over,
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of 2000, there were 3,488 people, 1,455 households, and 934 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,032.6 inhabitants per square mile (784.8/km). There were 1,609 housing units at an average density of 937.6 per square mile (362.0/km). The racial makeup of the city was 98.80%
443:
On
October 12, 1898, a northbound train, loaded with potential strikebreaking miners, pulled into Virden and stopped on the tracks just outside the minehead stockade. The mine manager and train operator, knowing there would be trouble, had reinforced the train with a troop of
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Most of the city lies in the northeast corner of
Macoupin County, with a small portion extending north into Sangamon County. In the 2000 census, 3,378 of the city's 3,488 residents (96.8%) lived in Macoupin County and 110 (3.2%) lived in Sangamon County.
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labor conditions, would not request union-scale wages. Instead, the company promised to pay their new workers by the ton. The new miners were promised only 30 cents per ton of coal mined.
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was completed, it became possible to mine Virden coal and ship it long distances for a profit. Throughout the second half of the 1800s, Virden prospered and grew as a coal-mining town.
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The median income for a household in the city was $ 31,905, and the median income for a family was $ 41,511. Males had a median income of $ 30,824 versus $ 22,121 for females. The
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A monument in the Virden town square commemorates the coal strike of 1898 and the battle of
October 12 that was its bitter end. The monument contains a large bronze
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A bitter coal strike broke out in 1898. The
Chicago-Virden Coal Company, fearing loss of key business in Chicago, refused to allow its Virden mines to be
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firing on both sides, the train's engineer accepted defeat and the engine and part of the train pulled away from the minehead and continued northward to
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that includes the names of those killed, and a copy of a mendacious recruiting handbill distributed by the
Chicago-Virden Company in
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from
Southern states as coal miners. The Chicago-Virden Company knew that African-Americans, who were attempting to escape
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There were 1,455 households, out of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.8% were
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and east to its tributary Brush Creek. Both creeks flow to the northeast, with Sugar Creek joining the
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517:, Virden has a total area of 1.89 square miles (4.90 km), all land. The city drains west to
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The appearance of the
African-American miners infuriated the strikers. They were motivated by
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for the city was $ 16,541. About 7.4% of families and 10.7% of the population were below the
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passes through the city as
Springfield Street, leading southwest 18 miles (29 km) to
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1127:
David
Markwell. "A Turning Point: the Lasting Impact of the 1898 Virden Mine Riot,"
918:, suffragist, one of the first female college presidents in the U.S.; born in Virden
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Virden, Illinois
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987:"P1. Race – Virden city, Illinois: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)"
456:. As the strikers attempted to surround the train, the guards opened fire.
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850:, including 12.0% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.
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Rosemary Feuer. "Remember Virden! The Coal Mines Wars of 1898-1900."
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around its mine head, adjoining the railroad tracks, and hired
924:, aviator and photographer who specialized in panoramic images
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2174:‡This city also has portions in adjacent county or counties
1623:‡This city also has portions in adjacent county or counties
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The Macoupin County portion of Virden is part of the
1047:, Population Division. June 28, 2007. Archived from
1041:"Subcounty population estimates: Illinois 2000-2006"
46:
Location in Macoupin and Sangamon counties, Illinois
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1016:"Remember Virden! The Coal Mine Wars of 1898-1900"
2831:Cities in Springfield metropolitan area, Illinois
1129:Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society,
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1755:Map of Illinois highlighting Sangamon County
1286:Map of Illinois highlighting Macoupin County
862:, professor emeritus of mathematics at the
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827:of any race were 0.46% of the population.
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479:("Mother Jones"), who is buried in nearby
20:
506:, and northeast 22 miles (35 km) to
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1131:Volume: 99. Issue: 3/4. 2006. pp 211+.
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962:"2022 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Illinois"
864:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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7:
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2826:Cities in Sangamon County, Illinois
2821:Cities in Macoupin County, Illinois
1141:Volume 13:2, 2006, pp. 10–22.
189:0.00 sq mi (0.00 km)
181:1.89 sq mi (4.89 km)
173:1.89 sq mi (4.89 km)
1683:Municipalities and communities of
1194:Municipalities and communities of
1078:"Census of Population and Housing"
546:
342:. The population was 3,231 at the
14:
387:Virden sits atop a large seam of
2310:
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40:
875:, decorated brigadier general,
218:1,710.43/sq mi (660.43/km)
18:City in Illinois, United States
64:
1:
964:. United States Census Bureau
366:Metropolitan Statistical Area
359:Metropolitan Statistical Area
77:Location in the United States
1020:Northern Illinois University
916:Luella Wilcox St. Clair Moss
900:, and major figure of early
391:. After the 1850s, when the
1104:United States Census Bureau
1045:United States Census Bureau
371:Virden was the scene of an
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868:University of Buenos Aires
436:
393:Chicago and Alton Railroad
377:Mary Harris "Mother" Jones
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1686:Sangamon County, Illinois
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1197:Macoupin County, Illinois
1139:Illinois History Teacher,
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2256:United States of America
885:Southern Michigan Prison
373:1898 coal miners' strike
197:676 ft (206 m)
2507:Bellefontaine Neighbors
839:there were 82.7 males.
529:, east of Springfield.
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1287:
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1100:"U.S. Census website"
911:University of Chicago
788:U.S. Decennial Census
538:Historical population
525:, a tributary of the
510:, the state capital.
379:played a major role.
241: • Summer (
105:39.50611°N 89.77111°W
2192:United States portal
1641:United States portal
989:. U.S. Census Bureau
907:Henry Calvert Simons
890:Edward Alsworth Ross
883:and later Warden of
215: • Density
2463:O'Fallon (Illinois)
2380:Medium-sized cities
2361:O'Fallon (Missouri)
909:, economist at the
539:
473:Birmingham, Alabama
110:39.50611; -89.77111
101: /
2816:Cities in Illinois
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1058:on October 8, 2008
537:
515:U.S. Census Bureau
207: • Total
186: • Water
170: • Total
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2732:Illinois counties
2676:Missouri counties
2612:Old Jamestown CDP
2235:Greater St. Louis
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873:Julian N. Frisbie
844:per capita income
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513:According to the
477:Mary Harris Jones
450:Winchester rifles
408:African-Americans
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178: • Land
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2713:St. Louis County
2637:Town and Country
2627:Spanish Lake CDP
2552:Fairview Heights
2542:Dardenne Prairie
2496:(over 10,000 in
2448:Maryland Heights
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496:Illinois Route 4
439:Battle of Virden
433:Battle of Virden
357:–Illinois
334:counties in the
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2418:Cahokia Heights
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1149:External links
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922:Melvin Vaniman
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860:Warren Ambrose
855:
854:Notable people
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534:
531:
527:Illinois River
523:Sangamon River
488:
485:
437:Main article:
434:
431:
427:strikebreakers
384:
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319:
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83:
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55:
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37:
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24:
17:
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2:
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2796:
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2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
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2600:
2598:
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2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2492:Largest towns
2490:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:Mehlville CDP
2451:
2449:
2446:
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2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
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2240:
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2222:
2217:
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2210:
2209:
2206:
2194:
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2182:
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2178:
2172:
2168:
2161:
2158:
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2148:
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2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
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2128:
2126:
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2118:
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2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
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2088:
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2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1985:Mechanicsburg
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
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1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1877:Williamsville
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1862:Southern View
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
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1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
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1827:Mechanicsburg
1825:
1823:
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1696:
1691:United States
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1563:
1557:
1551:
1550:Western Mound
1548:
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1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1535:South Palmyra
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1505:North Palmyra
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
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1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
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1408:
1405:
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1400:
1398:
1397:Standard City
1395:
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1383:
1380:
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1375:
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1368:
1365:
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1207:
1202:United States
1199:
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1177:
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1158:
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857:
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840:
836:
833:
828:
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818:
815:, 0.06% from
814:
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802:
797:
786:
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777:
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771:
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762:
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541:
532:
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528:
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516:
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
457:
455:
454:shoot to kill
451:
448:, armed with
447:
440:
432:
430:
428:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
394:
390:
382:
380:
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369:
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364:
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356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
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333:
329:
326:is a city in
325:
316:
308:
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297:
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196:
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146:
142:
139:
131:
124:United States
123:
114:
86:Coordinates:
59:
43:
34:
29:
22:
16:
2703:St. Francois
2494:and villages
2458:Oakville CDP
2433:Granite City
2428:Edwardsville
2423:Collinsville
2351:Chesterfield
2326:
2320:Central city
2120:Island Grove
2090:Buffalo Hart
2080:Breckenridge
1965:Island Grove
1905:Buffalo Hart
1740:
1731:Leland Grove
1705:
1460:Chesterfield
1440:Brushy Mound
1327:Chesterfield
1271:
1216:
1138:
1128:
1107:. Retrieved
1094:
1082:. Retrieved
1080:. Census.gov
1072:
1060:. Retrieved
1049:the original
1035:
1023:. Retrieved
1019:
991:. Retrieved
966:. Retrieved
881:World War II
848:poverty line
841:
837:
829:
793:
533:Demographics
512:
494:
490:
466:
458:
442:
416:
397:
386:
370:
348:
323:
322:
15:
2698:St. Charles
2572:Glen Carbon
2537:Creve Coeur
2527:Concord CDP
2366:St. Charles
2145:Riddle Hill
2110:Farmingdale
2075:Bradfordton
2037:communities
2010:Springfield
1950:Fancy Creek
1935:Cotton Hill
1736:Springfield
1708:Springfield
1701:County seat
1562:communities
1530:South Otter
1520:Shaws Point
1500:North Otter
1485:Honey Point
1455:Carlinville
1445:Bunker Hill
1407:Wilsonville
1382:Sawyerville
1377:Royal Lakes
1367:Mount Clare
1262:Mount Olive
1247:Carlinville
1242:Bunker Hill
1219:Carlinville
1212:County seat
1109:January 31,
993:February 8,
968:February 8,
902:criminology
894:sociologist
866:and at the
817:other races
519:Sugar Creek
508:Springfield
504:county seat
500:Carlinville
481:Mount Olive
462:Springfield
421:, by labor
363:Springfield
344:2020 census
108: /
2810:Categories
2790:Metro East
2783:Subregions
2723:Washington
2667:Wood River
2657:Washington
2602:Manchester
2557:Farmington
2478:Wentzville
2413:Belleville
2393:Affton CDP
2371:St. Peters
2356:Florissant
2140:Old Berlin
2105:Clear Lake
2015:Talkington
1990:New Berlin
1970:Lanesville
1960:Illiopolis
1925:Clear Lake
1915:Cartwright
1832:New Berlin
1812:Illiopolis
1515:Scottville
1465:Dorchester
1402:White City
1387:Scottville
1352:Lake Ka-ho
1337:Eagarville
1332:Dorchester
929:References
898:eugenicist
794:As of the
469:bas-relief
423:solidarity
336:U.S. state
298:feature ID
202:Population
96:89°46′16″W
93:39°30′22″N
2774:St. Clair
2688:Jefferson
2597:Lemay CDP
2532:Crestwood
2512:Bridgeton
2438:Hazelwood
2328:St. Louis
2287:Education
2170:Footnotes
2150:Salisbury
2100:Clayville
2005:Salisbury
2000:Rochester
1887:Townships
1867:Spaulding
1852:Rochester
1807:Grandview
1619:Footnotes
1595:Plainview
1490:Mt. Olive
1470:Gillespie
1417:Townships
1252:Gillespie
1025:August 8,
879:, during
487:Geography
400:unionized
351:St. Louis
286:FIPS code
274:Area code
224:Time zone
194:Elevation
151:Townships
2795:Westplex
2759:Macoupin
2683:Franklin
2662:Waterloo
2607:Overland
2587:Jennings
2582:Highland
2562:Ferguson
2522:Columbia
2483:Wildwood
2443:Kirkwood
2251:Missouri
2246:Illinois
2135:New City
2125:Laketown
2085:Buckhart
2025:Woodside
2020:Williams
1945:Divernon
1847:Riverton
1802:Divernon
1782:Cantrall
1764:Villages
1610:Woodburn
1570:Anderson
1540:Staunton
1480:Hillyard
1435:Brighton
1321:Brighton
1313:Villages
1267:Staunton
821:Hispanic
811:, 0.09%
807:, 0.40%
803:, 0.32%
412:Jim Crow
404:stockade
355:Missouri
340:Illinois
332:Sangamon
328:Macoupin
290:17-78149
262:ZIP code
145:Sangamon
141:Macoupin
137:Counties
132:Illinois
2764:Madison
2749:Clinton
2744:Calhoun
2693:Lincoln
2632:Swansea
2617:St. Ann
2577:Godfrey
2517:Clayton
2408:Ballwin
2292:History
2282:Economy
2272:Culture
2160:Zenobia
2155:Toronto
2115:Glenarm
2070:Bissell
2055:Barclay
1980:Maxwell
1955:Gardner
1920:Chatham
1910:Capital
1857:Sherman
1787:Chatham
1777:Buffalo
1585:Hagaman
1575:Atwater
1525:Shipman
1495:Nilwood
1450:Cahokia
1392:Shipman
1372:Palmyra
1362:Modesto
1347:Hettick
1303:Nilwood
1084:June 4,
1062:May 28,
383:History
306:Website
301:2397150
121:Country
2769:Monroe
2754:Jersey
2718:Warren
2622:Shiloh
2567:Festus
2403:Arnold
2265:Topics
2130:Lowder
2050:Archer
2045:Andrew
1995:Pawnee
1940:Curran
1930:Cooper
1895:Auburn
1872:Thayer
1837:Pawnee
1817:Jerome
1797:Dawson
1792:Curran
1772:Berlin
1741:Virden
1726:Auburn
1718:Cities
1600:Reader
1545:Virden
1475:Girard
1357:Medora
1272:Virden
1257:Girard
1229:Cities
825:Latino
796:census
648:−35.7%
543:Census
419:racism
324:Virden
311:virden
159:Auburn
155:Virden
71:Virden
2652:Union
2398:Alton
2297:Parks
2277:Crime
2095:Cimic
2065:Bates
1975:Loami
1822:Loami
1605:Womac
1590:Piasa
1237:Benld
813:Asian
801:White
783:−5.7%
778:3,231
768:−1.8%
763:3,425
753:−4.0%
748:3,488
738:−6.8%
733:3,635
723:11.3%
718:3,899
703:3,504
688:3,309
673:3,206
658:3,041
643:3,011
633:17.1%
628:4,682
618:75.4%
613:4,000
603:41.6%
598:2,280
583:1,610
568:1,608
464:.
267:62690
250:UTC-5
229:UTC-6
210:3,231
129:State
2739:Bond
2498:2020
2384:2020
2342:2020
2060:Barr
1900:Ball
1580:Barr
1510:Polk
1430:Bird
1425:Barr
1295:Town
1111:2008
1086:2015
1064:2008
1027:2010
995:2023
970:2023
877:USMC
774:2020
759:2010
744:2000
729:1990
714:1980
708:5.9%
699:1970
693:3.2%
684:1960
678:5.4%
669:1950
663:1.0%
654:1940
639:1930
624:1920
609:1910
594:1900
588:0.1%
579:1890
564:1880
552:Note
547:Pop.
389:coal
330:and
315:.com
296:GNIS
165:Area
33:City
1054:CSV
823:or
338:of
279:217
254:CDT
243:DST
233:CST
2812::
1704::
1689:,
1215::
1200:,
1102:.
1043:.
1018:.
1003:^
978:^
953:^
937:^
896:,
892:,
557:%±
483:.
429:.
368:.
353:,
346:.
157:,
143:,
2500:)
2386:)
2344:)
2227:e
2220:t
2213:v
2162:‡
1743:‡
1676:e
1669:t
1662:v
1323:‡
1274:‡
1187:e
1180:t
1173:v
1113:.
1088:.
1066:.
1056:)
1052:(
1029:.
997:.
972:.
573:—
256:)
252:(
245:)
235:)
231:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
