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who were their affiliates though did not expect that the bishop would be able to take much action. The government tried to settle the matter and sent an imperial minister - who was a relative - to him to urge him not to meddle too much in the affairs of the lodges since the bishop had no power over them. On 28 December 1872 he issued his first statement asking the priests to inform all
Christian fraternities to expel those Masonic members who refused to abjure their affiliation to lodges. He took further action on 19 January 1873 when he issued an
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1873 the emperor decided that the fraternities were correct and that the bishop risked breaching the constitution and so ordered the bishop to lift all interdicts which he failed to do. He remained indifferent to this and continued his bold activism against the lodges. But the prosecutor-general brought charges against him to the
Supreme Court of Justice who accepted the charges and issued a warrant for the bishop's arrest.
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Those fraternities appealed to the imperial government the next month with the allegation that the matter was not just a spiritual matter which meant an imperial review could be undertaken. The collective also said no penalties should have been imposed upon them because it was not legitimate. In June
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The
Freemasons in Recife announced that their lodge would celebrate a Mass on 30 June 1872 in the San Pedro church; the bishop was firm and demanded all priests not to participate which meant that no Mass could be celebrated for the Masons. But the lodge retaliated and published a list of all clerics
457:
and he remained silent during the trial where two barristers aided him. The trial concluded not long after in which he was found guilty and sentenced to hard labor for four years though this was soon commuted to a four-year term of imprisonment. Pius IX learnt of this and sent a heartfelt letter to
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But the bishop knew that false impressions against him had been made in Rome from those agents of the government. To that end he left Brazil on 5 October 1875 to present his case to the pope. Upon meeting the pope the latter welcomed him with open arms and said: "O my dear Olinda!" He attempted to
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who came into direct conflict with him. The bishop was a vocal critic of
Masonic influence in ecclesial affairs and attempted to have fraternities expel members who were Masonic; an imperial review found that he was risking a severe breach of the constitution which served as the motivator for his
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was quiet and more discreet. In Rio de
Janeiro he was imprisoned in dreadful conditions until his trial could commence. The pope soon learned of this and sent a letter of protest to Pedro II who disregarded it. The trial against him commenced on 18 February 1874. The public reaction to this was
482:
The cause for the late bishop's beatification opened in the Olinda-Recife archdiocese in an informative process that began on 25 July 1953 and was concluded sometime thereafter. The cause remained inactive for several decades and did not seem to move until 1994 when the competent forum for the
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the bishop on 4 March 1874. The
Masonic Prime Minister could no longer ignore the public backlash and so appealed to the emperor to do something; Pedro II received much pressure from all sides and so had no recourse but to grant amnesty on 17 September 1875.
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The cause for his beatification had its origins from the 1930s though never achieved a formal process until 1953; this too did not last long and the cause remained inactive until 1994 when he became titled as a
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The bishop was arrested at his residence on 2 January 1874 the charge of violating the constitution; the police knocked on his door to see him emerge in his full episcopal attire with his
499:". The diocesan process for collecting documents took place from 18 May 2001 until 4 July 2001 while the C.C.S. validated the process in Rome on 21 February 2003. The C.C.S. received the
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462:
get the pope to accept his resignation though the pope refused. He returned in triumph to his diocese on 6 October 1876 and made a pastoral visit across his diocese on horseback.
450:- who was incorrectly informed of the events - sent a private letter on 18 December 1874 to the imprisoned bishop with mild admonishments; the pope knew nothing of this letter.
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against those fraternities who did not listen to his previous statement which also forbade those fraternities not to celebrate the sacraments in their chapels or oratories.
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the facts of what the bishop had done and to persuade Pius IX to force bishops to retract penalties against Masons. This mission to the pope failed while
Cardinal
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in hand. But the police became afraid when the crowds were encouraging the bishop and snarling at the police. To counter these crowds the police moved him to
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for treatment. But he died at a
Franciscan convent in Paris in mid-1878; his remains were moved back to Brazil in 1882 and were interred in Recife.
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elected to choose him to fill the vacant Olinda episcopal see despite his great reluctance to become a bishop;
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beatification cause was transferred from Paris (where he died) to his old diocese. He became titled as a
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He returned to his native Brazil in
November 1863 where he taught seminarians philosophical studies in
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from 1871 until his death. He was imprisoned from 1874 until 1875 during the crisis ensuring from the
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in 1872 so decided to retaliate though were confident that the Prime
Minister - and fellow Mason -
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He began to suffer an illness that could not be cured for it was far too advanced so travelled to
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on 16 July 1863 while he received the habit and his religious name on 15 August 1863. He was
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on 27 November 1844 to Antônio Gonçalves and Antonia Albia de Oliveira.
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1954:
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shattering for the government to the point where Pedro II ordered his
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Soon his episcopate would be mired in difficulties with the
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where he was moved without people knowing so the route to
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confirmed the appointment a month later. He received his
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and Itambá while he later commenced his studies for the
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20:
569:"Servant of God Vital María Gonçalves de Oliveira"
286:after his bold condemnations and actions against
2877:19th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Brazil
712:
382:; he was enthroned in his new see on 24 May.
8:
271:- (27 November 1844 – 4 July 1878) - was a
719:
705:
697:
312:Antônio Gonçalves de Oliveira was born in
251:
48:
17:
2897:Roman Catholic bishops of Olinda e Recife
453:He offered no formal defense when he was
512:
335:before he continued his studies at the
394:. The Masons became agitated with the
355:to the priesthood on 2 August 1868 in
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
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493:Congregation for the Causes of Saints
366:. In 1871 the imperial government of
7:
598:
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536:"Gonçalves, Vital María Oliveira de"
530:
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291:arrest and subsequent imprisonment.
606:. Seattle Catholic. 2 November 2005
503:dossier in 2015 for investigation.
1619:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
737:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
308:Education to episcopal appointment
14:
604:"The Young Friar and the Emperor"
402:would allow them to cause noise.
2839:
2827:
2706:María de las Maravillas de Jesús
2563:Seven Maccabees and their mother
1749:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
683:
669:
655:
641:
216:Basilica Nossa Senhora de Penha
97:
89:
141:by Pedro Maria de Lacerda
1:
2671:Faustina and Liberata of Como
1859:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia
1804:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross
728:Saints of the Catholic Church
262:Antônio Gonçalves de Oliveira
163:Antônio Gonçalves de Oliveira
29:Antônio Gonçalves de Oliveira
347:after entering the order at
118:José Pereira da Silva Barros
269:Vital Maria from Pernambuco
2918:
2834:Catholic Church portal
1794:Saints of the Cristero War
2902:Brazilian Servants of God
2822:
1829:Three Martyrs of Chimbote
1599:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala
774:Mother of God (Theotokos)
734:
487:on 3 November 1994 under
47:
40:
1975:Joseph (father of Jesus)
1361:Athanasius of Alexandria
1143:Athanasius of Alexandria
1027:Theophanes the Confessor
1007:Paul I of Constantinople
1002:Paphnutius the Confessor
947:Athanasius the Confessor
538:. Encyclopedia.com. 2003
378:on 17 March 1872 in the
1907:Gregory the Illuminator
1877:Augustine of Canterbury
1426:Dionysius of Alexandria
1341:Alexander of Alexandria
337:Saint-Sulpice institute
299:and the cause resumed.
110:Francisco Cardoso Aires
1346:Alexander of Jerusalem
952:Chariton the Confessor
914:in the Catholic Church
396:Rio de Janeiro diocese
376:episcopal consecration
323:He attended school at
232:Saint-Sulpice seminary
2777:Fourteen Holy Helpers
2741:Trasilla and Emiliana
1892:Evermode of Ratzeburg
1774:Perpetua and Felicity
1744:Martyrs of Sandomierz
1614:Dismas the Good Thief
1541:Theophilus of Antioch
1511:Maximus the Confessor
1446:Epiphanius of Salamis
1386:Clement of Alexandria
1100:Doctors of the Church
992:Maximus the Confessor
779:Immaculate Conception
495:issued the official "
206:French Third Republic
61:Roman Catholic Church
2681:Hiltrude of Liessies
2626:Catherine of Bologna
2621:Bernadette Soubirous
1814:17 Thomasian Martyrs
1624:Four Crowned Martyrs
1546:Victorinus of Pettau
1526:Papias of Hierapolis
1496:Jerome of Stridonium
1461:Gregory of Nazianzus
1431:Dionysius of Corinth
1253:Lawrence of Brindisi
1208:Bernard of Clairvaux
1183:Anselm of Canterbury
1138:Gregory of Nazianzus
1065:Priscilla and Aquila
962:Edward the Confessor
438:ambassador to go to
2731:Teresa of the Andes
2611:Angela of the Cross
2573:Zechariah (prophet)
1719:Martyrs of La Rioja
1714:21 Martyrs of Libya
1604:Christina of Persia
1584:Charles de Foucauld
1521:Quadratus of Athens
1481:Ignatius of Antioch
1451:Fulgentius of Ruspe
1401:Cyril of Alexandria
1396:Cyprian of Carthage
1381:Cappadocian Fathers
1278:Hildegard of Bingen
1148:Cyril of Alexandria
1022:Sergius of Radonezh
784:Perpetual virginity
478:Beatification cause
386:The Religious Issue
380:São Paulo Cathedral
2892:Religious Question
2882:People from Olinda
2772:Four Holy Marshals
2767:Calendar of saints
2736:Teresa of Calcutta
2716:Patricia of Naples
2641:Catherine of Siena
1922:Patrick of Ireland
1844:Vietnamese Martyrs
1734:Martyrs of Otranto
1689:Martyrs of Cajonos
1684:Martyrs of Algeria
1679:Martyrs of Albania
1639:The Holy Innocents
1609:Devasahayam Pillai
1594:Carthusian Martyrs
1536:Polycarp of Smyrna
1491:Isidore of Seville
1476:Hippolytus of Rome
1471:Hilary of Poitiers
1406:Cyril of Jerusalem
1371:Caesarius of Arles
1366:Augustine of Hippo
1268:Thérèse of Lisieux
1263:Catherine of Siena
1213:Hilary of Poitiers
1188:Isidore of Seville
1163:Bede the Venerable
1153:Cyril of Jerusalem
1118:Augustine of Hippo
1032:Pio of Pietrelcina
997:Michael of Synnada
677:Catholicism portal
634:Catholic Hierarchy
629:Hagiography Circle
442:to distort to the
278:who served as the
2854:
2853:
2846:Saints portal
2797:Miles Christianus
2782:Martyr of charity
2751:Josephine Bakhita
2746:Ubaldesca Taccini
2691:Kateri Tekakwitha
2666:Faustina Kowalska
2656:Eulalia of Mérida
2636:Catherine Labouré
2631:Brigid of Kildare
2458:Baruch ben Neriah
1902:François de Laval
1887:Damien of Molokai
1854:Victor and Corona
1849:Valentine of Rome
1739:Martyrs of Prague
1704:Martyrs of Gorkum
1664:Martyrs of Lübeck
1551:Vincent of Lérins
1531:Peter Chrysologus
1486:Irenaeus of Lyons
1456:Gregory the Great
1441:Ephrem the Syrian
1238:Robert Bellarmine
1233:John of the Cross
1218:Alphonsus Liguori
1193:Peter Chrysologus
1168:Ephrem the Syrian
1133:Basil of Caesarea
1108:Gregory the Great
1090:Seventy disciples
982:Lazarus Zographos
967:Francis of Assisi
837:James of Alphaeus
794:Marian apparition
489:Pope John Paul II
448:Giacomo Antonelli
259:
258:
2909:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2832:
2831:
2711:Narcisa de Jesús
2696:Lucy of Syracuse
2601:Agatha of Sicily
2513:John the Baptist
1759:Maximilian Kolbe
1754:Martyrs of Zenta
1729:Martyrs of Natal
1709:Martyrs of Japan
1699:Martyrs of China
1694:Martyrs of Drina
1629:Gerard of Csanád
1589:Canadian Martyrs
1574:Abda and Abdisho
1516:Melito of Sardis
1506:John of Damascus
1466:Gregory of Nyssa
1351:Ambrose of Milan
1283:Gregory of Narek
1248:Anthony of Padua
1223:Francis de Sales
1158:John of Damascus
804:Joseph (husband)
756: →
752: →
748: →
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663:Biography portal
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466:Death and burial
345:Franciscan friar
280:Bishop of Olinda
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173:27 November 1844
172:
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154:Personal details
86:22 December 1871
52:
42:Bishop of Olinda
18:
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2809:Seven Champions
2802:Church Militant
2792:Athleta Christi
2787:Military saints
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2651:Clare of Assisi
2587:
2523:Judas Barsabbas
2429:
2001:
1931:
1917:Nino of Georgia
1863:
1769:Pedro Calungsod
1724:Martyrs of Laos
1669:Luigi Versiglia
1560:
1501:John Chrysostom
1391:Clement of Rome
1332:
1325:
1292:
1258:Teresa of Ávila
1243:Albertus Magnus
1128:John Chrysostom
1094:
1055:Mary of Bethany
1036:
942:Anthony of Kiev
923:
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842:James the Great
808:
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571:. Santi e Beati
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284:Religious Issue
242:Iter para tutum
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2814:Virtuous pagan
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2578:Zechariah (NT)
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2726:Rose of Lima
2220:John Paul II
2050:Anastasius I
2020:Adeodatus II
1994:
1869:Missionaries
1779:Peter Chanel
1764:Óscar Romero
1659:Lorenzo Ruiz
1634:Great Martyr
1203:Peter Damian
1012:Peter Claver
742:canonization
608:. Retrieved
573:. Retrieved
540:. Retrieved
497:nihil obstat
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372:Pope Pius IX
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248:Coat of arms
241:
197:(1878-07-04)
136:Consecration
15:
2872:1878 deaths
2867:1844 births
2686:Joan of Arc
2616:Æthelthryth
2533:Melchizedek
2395:Telesphorus
2385:Sylvester I
2270:Marcellus I
2265:Marcellinus
2185:Gregory VII
2180:Gregory III
2095:Celestine V
2090:Celestine I
2085:Callixtus I
2075:Boniface IV
2065:Benedict II
2040:Alexander I
2015:Adeodatus I
1834:Ulma Family
1824:Thomas More
1674:Martyrology
1649:John Fisher
1298:Evangelists
1178:Bonaventure
832:Bartholomew
766:Virgin Mary
444:Roman Curia
195:4 July 1878
107:Predecessor
102:4 July 1878
94:24 May 1872
2861:Categories
2420:Zephyrinus
2380:Stephen IV
2365:Sixtus III
2345:Simplicius
2290:Nicholas I
2215:John XXIII
2205:Innocent I
2175:Gregory II
2165:Gelasius I
2070:Boniface I
2030:Agapetus I
2025:Adrian III
1996:Matriarchs
1937:Patriarchs
1556:Zephyrinus
929:Confessors
897:Archangels
789:Assumption
740:Stages of
507:References
491:after the
455:subpoenaed
392:Freemasons
349:Versailles
339:abroad in
329:priesthood
314:Pernambuco
288:Freemasons
264:, OFMCap,
227:Alma mater
181:Pernambuco
169:1844-11-27
128:Ordination
99:Term ended
2887:Capuchins
2676:Genevieve
2583:Zephaniah
2390:Symmachus
2375:Stephen I
2360:Sixtus II
2340:Silverius
2335:Sergius I
2295:Paschal I
2285:Miltiades
2195:Hormisdas
2170:Gregory I
2155:Felix III
2140:Evaristus
2135:Eutychian
2120:Eleuterus
2115:Dionysius
2110:Damasus I
2105:Cornelius
2100:Clement I
2045:Anacletus
1789:Philomena
1436:Dionysius
1411:Damasus I
1356:Anatolius
1042:Disciples
977:Homobonus
937:Anatolius
750:Venerable
408:interdict
364:São Paulo
273:Brazilian
115:Successor
91:Installed
83:Appointed
2760:See also
2661:Euphemia
2498:Jeremiah
2478:Habakkuk
2435:Prophets
2410:Vitalian
2405:Victor I
2355:Sixtus I
2350:Siricius
2280:Martin I
2260:Lucius I
2225:Julius I
2190:Hilarius
2160:Felix IV
2130:Eusebius
2125:Eugene I
2055:Anicetus
1927:Remigius
1882:Boniface
1288:Irenaeus
1070:Silvanus
1017:Salonius
862:Matthias
827:Barnabas
814:Apostles
427:Salvador
400:Paranhos
368:Pedro II
357:Toulouse
353:ordained
276:Capuchin
2721:Rosalia
2646:Cecilia
2593:Virgins
2553:Obadiah
2528:Malachi
2473:Ezekiel
2425:Zosimus
2415:Zachary
2400:Urban I
2330:Pontian
2305:Paul VI
2240:Leo III
2200:Hyginus
2150:Felix I
2060:Anterus
1990:Solomon
1955:Abraham
1799:Stephen
1566:Martyrs
1333:Fathers
1306:Matthew
1113:Ambrose
1080:Timothy
1075:Stephen
1050:Apollos
957:Dominic
919:Raphael
912:
910:Michael
905:Gabriel
857:Matthew
754:Blessed
610:3 April
575:3 April
542:3 April
501:Positio
67:Diocese
2568:Simeon
2558:Samuel
2493:Isaiah
2483:Haggai
2468:Elijah
2443:Agabus
2325:Pius X
2320:Pius V
2315:Pius I
2300:Paul I
2250:Leo IX
2245:Leo IV
2235:Leo II
2210:John I
2145:Fabian
2035:Agatho
1970:Joseph
1331:Church
1123:Jerome
887:Thomas
877:Philip
822:Andrew
472:France
436:London
333:Olinda
325:Recife
318:Brazil
220:Recife
212:Buried
185:Brazil
149:Bishop
123:Orders
78:Olinda
70:Olinda
57:Church
34:OFMCap
25:Bishop
2548:Nahum
2543:Moses
2538:Micah
2518:Jonah
2488:Hosea
2463:David
2370:Soter
2310:Peter
2255:Linus
2230:Leo I
2080:Caius
2007:Popes
1980:David
1965:Jacob
1960:Isaac
1376:Caius
1085:Titus
882:Simon
872:Peter
758:Saint
423:staff
419:miter
341:Paris
238:Motto
202:Paris
2508:Joel
2453:Anna
2448:Amos
2275:Mark
1985:Noah
1950:Abel
1945:Adam
1321:John
1316:Luke
1311:Mark
867:Paul
852:Jude
847:John
612:2017
577:2017
544:2017
440:Rome
421:and
303:Life
192:Died
159:Born
146:Rank
2503:Job
331:in
316:in
75:See
2863::
744::
585:^
552:^
515:^
359:.
218:,
204:,
183:,
179:,
720:e
713:t
706:v
614:.
579:.
546:.
171:)
167:(
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