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position will limit the capacity of the lungs, and a tense abdominal wall will inhibit the downward travel of the diaphragm. Good posture allows the breathing mechanism to fulfill its basic function efficiently without any undue expenditure of energy. Good posture also makes it easier to initiate phonation and to tune the resonators as proper alignment prevents unnecessary tension in the body. Vocal pedagogists have also noted that when singers assume good posture it often provides them with a greater sense of self-assurance and poise while performing. Audiences also tend to respond better to singers with good posture. Habitual good posture also ultimately improves the overall health of the body by enabling better blood circulation and preventing fatigue and stress on the body.
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581:, singers' voices are divided solely on the basis of vocal range. Choral music most commonly divides vocal parts into high and low voices within each sex (SATB, or soprano, alto, tenor, and bass). As a result, the typical choral situation gives many opportunities for misclassification to occur. Since most people have medium voices, they must be assigned to a part that is either too high or too low for them; the mezzo-soprano must sing soprano or alto and the baritone must sing tenor or bass. Either option can present problems for the singer, but for most singers, there are fewer dangers in singing too low than in singing too high.
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vocal folds; the vocal folds affect breath control; and so forth. Vocal problems are often a result of a breakdown in one part of this coordinated process which causes voice teachers to frequently focus intensively on one area of the process with their student until that issue is resolved. However, some areas of the art of singing are so much the result of coordinated functions that it is hard to discuss them under a traditional heading like phonation, resonation, articulation, or respiration.
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1756:" which would not have enough projection and volume if done without a microphone. As well, pop singers who use microphones can do a range of other vocal styles that would not project without amplification, such as making whispering sounds, humming, and mixing half-sung and sung tones. As well, some performers use the microphone's response patterns to create effects, such as bringing the mic very close to the mouth to get an enhanced bass response, or, in the case of hip-hop
1947:, where the show's contestants compete to win cash prizes by correctly recalling song lyrics from a variety of genres. The show contrasts to many other music-based game shows in that artistic talent (such as the ability to sing or dance in an aesthetically pleasing way) is irrelevant to the contestants' chances of winning; in the words of one of their commercials prior to the first airing, "You don't have to sing it well; you just have to sing it right." In a similar vein,
1914:, the contestants audition in front of a panel of judges, however, the judges' chairs are faced towards the audience during the performance. If the coaches are interested in the artist, they will press their button signifying they want to coach them. Once the auditions conclude, coaches have their team of artists and the competition begins. Coaches then mentor their artists and they compete to find the best singer. Other well-known singing competitions include
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chest. This is the register that people most commonly use while speaking. The middle voice falls in between the chest voice and head voice. The head register, or the head voice, is the highest of the main vocal registers. When singing in the head voice, the singer may feel sympathetic vibration occurring in the face or another part of the head. Where these registers lie in the voice is dependent on sex and the voice type within each sex.
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controversy. The development of voice categorizations were made with the understanding that the singer would be using classical vocal technique within a specified range using unamplified (no microphones) vocal production. Since contemporary musicians use different vocal techniques and microphones and are not forced to fit into a specific vocal role, applying such terms as soprano, tenor, baritone, etc. can be misleading or even inaccurate.
2012:
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studies have shown that vibrato is the result of a neuromuscular tremor in the vocal folds. In 1922 Max Schoen was the first to make the comparison of vibrato to a tremor due to change in amplitude, lack of automatic control and it being half the rate of normal muscular discharge. Some singers use vibrato as a means of expression. Many successful artists can sing a deep, rich vibrato.
1995:
to sing their words, this can help train this area of the brain for speech. In support of this theory, Levitin asserts that "regional specificity", such as that for speech, "may be temporary, as the processing centers for important mental functions actually move to other regions after trauma or brain damage." Thus in the right hemisphere of the brain, the "singing center" may be
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1079:"Voice scientists see registration primarily as acoustic events." For singers, it is more common to explain registration events based on the physical sensations they feel when singing. Titze also explains that there are discrepancies in the terminology used to talk about vocal registration between speech pathologists and singing teachers. Since this article discusses the
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usage acoustic authorities would question most of them. The main point to be drawn from these terms by a singer or speaker is that the result of resonation is, or should be, to make a better sound. There are seven areas that may be listed as possible vocal resonators. In sequence from the lowest within the body to the highest, these areas are the
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exercises have several purposes, including warming up the voice; extending the vocal range; "lining up" the voice horizontally and vertically; and acquiring vocal techniques such as legato, staccato, control of dynamics, rapid figurations, learning to sing wide intervals comfortably, singing trills, singing melismas and correcting vocal faults.
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1974:, and then shortly thereafter "speech and music probably diverge into separate processing circuits" (130). There is evidence that neural circuits used for music and language may start out in infants undifferentiated. There are several areas of the brain that are used for both language and music. For example,
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laryngeal action, breath support, resonance adjustment, and articulatory movement) are effectively working together. Most vocal pedagogists believe in coordinating these processes by (1) establishing good vocal habits in the most comfortable tessitura of the voice, and then (2) slowly expanding the range.
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The speaking dialect or accent of a person may differ greatly from the general singing accent that a person uses while singing. When people sing, they generally use the accent or neutral accent that is used in the style of music they are singing in, rather than a regional accent or dialect; the style
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Contestants audition in front of a panel of judges to see if they can move on to the next round in
Hollywood, from then, the competition begins. The field of contestants is narrowed down week by week until a winner is chosen. To move on to the next round, the contestants' fate is determined by a vote
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McKinney says, "These three factors can be expressed in three basic rules: (1) As you sing higher, you must use more energy; as you sing lower, you must use less. (2) As you sing higher, you must use more space; as you sing lower, you must use less. (3) As you sing higher, you must use more depth; as
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Learning to sing is an activity that benefits from the involvement of an instructor. A singer does not hear the same sounds inside his or her head that others hear outside. Therefore, having a guide who can tell a student what kinds of sounds he or she is producing guides a singer to understand which
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within the human body. Their names are derived from the area in which the singer feels these resonant vibration in the body. The chest register, more commonly referred to as the chest voice, is the lowest of the registers. When singing in the chest voice the singer feels sympathetic vibration in the
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is a technique in which a sustained note wavers very quickly and consistently between a higher and a lower pitch, giving the note a slight quaver. Vibrato is the pulse or wave in a sustained tone. Vibrato occurs naturally and is the result of proper breath support and a relaxed vocal apparatus. Some
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Natural breathing has three stages: a breathing-in period, breathing out period, and a resting or recovery period; these stages are not usually consciously controlled. Within singing, there are four stages of breathing: a breathing-in period (inhalation); a setting up controls period (suspension); a
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factor – "energy" has several connotations. It refers to the total response of the body to the making of sound; to a dynamic relationship between the breathing-in muscles and the breathing-out muscles known as the breath support mechanism; to the amount of breath pressure delivered to the vocal
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Singing is a skill that requires highly developed muscle reflexes. Singing does not require much muscle strength but it does require a high degree of muscle coordination. Individuals can develop their voices further through the careful and systematic practice of both songs and vocal exercises. Vocal
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register, which lie above their head register. Training is often required to access the pitches within these registers. Men and women with lower voices rarely sing in these registers. Lower-voiced women in particular receive very little if any training in the flageolet register. Men have one more
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has been used to describe perceptually distinct regions of vocal quality that can be maintained over some ranges of pitch and loudness." Discrepancies in terminology exist between different fields of vocal study, such as teachers and singers, researchers, and clinicians. As
Marilee David points out,
1994:
Singing has been shown to help stroke victims recover speech. According to neurologist
Gottfried Schlaug, there is a corresponding area to that of speech, which resides in the left hemisphere, on the right side of the brain. This is casually known as the "singing center". By teaching stroke victims
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representatives, music directors, choir directors, nightclub managers, or concert promoters. A CD or DVD with excerpts of vocal performances is used to demonstrate a singer's skills. Some singers hire an agent or manager to help them to seek out paid engagements and other performance opportunities;
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or normal voice. Within other forms of singing, chest voice is often applied throughout the modal register. Chest timbre can add a wonderful array of sounds to a singer's vocal interpretive palette. However, the use of an overly strong chest voice in the higher registers in an attempt to hit higher
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today. Another current popular approach that is based on the bel canto model is to divide both men and women's voices into three registers. Men's voices are divided into "chest register", "head register", and "falsetto register" and woman's voices into "chest register", "middle register", and "head
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in oral and sign languages, as well as musical syntax and semantic aspects of language. Levitin recounts how in certain studies, "listening to music and attending its syntactic features", similar to the syntactic processes in language, activated this part of the brain. In addition, "musical syntax
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factor – "space" refers to the size of the inside of the mouth and the position of the palate and larynx. Generally speaking, a singer's mouth should be opened wider the higher he or she sings. The internal space or position of the soft palate and larynx can be widened by relaxing the throat.
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An important goal of vocal development is to learn to sing to the natural limits of one's vocal range without any obvious or distracting changes of quality or technique. Vocal pedagogists teach that a singer can only achieve this goal when all of the physical processes involved in singing (such as
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Once the voice student has become aware of the physical processes that make up the act of singing and of how those processes function, the student begins the task of trying to coordinate them. Inevitably, students and teachers will become more concerned with one area of the technique than another.
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Since singing is a coordinated act, it is difficult to discuss any of the individual technical areas and processes without relating them to others. For example, phonation only comes into perspective when it is connected with respiration; the articulators affect resonance; the resonators affect the
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Although these four processes are often considered separately when studied, in actual practice, they merge into one coordinated function. With an effective singer or speaker, one should rarely be reminded of the process involved as their mind and body are so coordinated that one only perceives the
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function that is unrelated to the physiology of the chest, lungs, and head. For this reason, many vocal pedagogists argue that it is meaningless to speak of registers being produced in the chest or head. They argue that the vibratory sensations which are felt in these areas are resonance phenomena
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and produces certain characteristic sounds. The occurrence of registers has also been attributed to the effects of the acoustic interaction between the vocal fold oscillation and the vocal tract. The term "register" can be somewhat confusing as it encompasses several aspects of the voice. The term
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The singing process functions best when certain physical conditions of the body are put in place. The ability to move air in and out of the body freely and to obtain the needed quantity of air can be seriously affected by the posture of the various parts of the breathing mechanism. A sunken chest
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is enhanced in timbre and/or intensity by the air-filled cavities through which it passes on its way to the outside air. Various terms related to the resonation process include amplification, enrichment, enlargement, improvement, intensification, and prolongation, although in strictly scientific
1969:
Much research has been done recently on the link between music and language, especially singing. It is becoming increasingly clear that these two processes are very much alike, and yet also different. Levitin describes how, beginning with the eardrum, sound waves are translated into pitch, or a
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The salaries and working conditions for vocalists vary a great deal. While jobs in other music fields such as music education choir conductors tend to be based on full-time, salaried positions, singing jobs tend to be based on contracts for individual shows or performances, or for a sequence of
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area; or a specific vocal timbre. Head voice can be used in relation to a particular part of the vocal range or type of vocal register or a vocal resonance area. In Men, the head voice is commonly referred to as the falsetto. The transition from and combination of chest voice and head voice is
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of music and the popular center/region of the style has more influence on the singing accent of a person than where they come from. For example, in the
English language, British singers of rock or popular music often sing in an American accent or neutral accent instead of an English accent.
1207:: a particular series of tones, produced in the same vibratory pattern of the vocal folds, and possessing the same quality, which originate in laryngeal function, because each of these vibratory patterns appears within a particular range of pitches and produces certain characteristic sounds.
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they sing, such as jazz, pop, blues, soul, country, folk, and rock styles. There is currently no authoritative voice classification system within non-classical music. Attempts have been made to adopt classical voice type terms to other forms of singing but such attempts have been met with
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to hone their skills, extend their range, and learn new styles. As well, aspiring singers need to gain specialized skills in the vocal techniques used to interpret songs, learn about the vocal literature from their chosen style of music, and gain skills in choral music techniques,
773:, the term vocal register has three constituent elements: a certain vibratory pattern of the vocal folds, a certain series of pitches, and a certain type of sound. Speech pathologists identify four vocal registers based on the physiology of laryngeal function: the
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over the term register. This view believes that the problems which people identify as register problems are really problems of resonance adjustment. This view is also in alignment with the views of other academic fields that study vocal registration including
1752:(amplifier and speakers) are used in almost all performance venues, even a small coffee house. The use of the microphone has had several impacts on popular music. For one, it facilitated the development of intimate, expressive singing styles such as "
880:. The use of these terms varies widely within vocal pedagogical circles and there is currently no one consistent opinion among vocal music professionals in regards to these terms. Chest voice can be used in relation to a particular part of the
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Aspiring singers and vocalists must have musical skills, an excellent voice, the ability to work with people, and a sense of showmanship and drama. Additionally, singers need to have the ambition and drive to continually study and improve.
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have some form of vocal music and there are many long-standing singing traditions throughout the world's cultures. Music which employs singing but does not feature it prominently is generally considered instrumental music. For example, some
338:. Another major influence on vocal sound and production is the function of the larynx which people can manipulate in different ways to produce different sounds. These different kinds of laryngeal function are described as different kinds of
311:, but also due to the size and shape of the rest of that person's body. Humans have vocal folds which can loosen, tighten, or change their thickness, and over which breath can be transferred at varying pressures. The shape of the chest and
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Vocal pedagogists instruct their students to exercise their voices in an intelligent manner. Singers should be thinking constantly about the kind of sound they are making and the kind of sensations they are feeling while they are singing.
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referred to as vocal mix or vocal mixing in the singer's performance. Vocal mixing can be inflected in specific modalities of artists who may concentrate on smooth transitions between chest voice and head voice, and those who may use a
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These stages must be under conscious control by the singer until they become conditioned reflexes. Many singers abandon conscious controls before their reflexes are fully conditioned which ultimately leads to chronic vocal problems.
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The various processes may progress at different rates, with a resulting imbalance or lack of coordination. The areas of vocal technique which seem to depend most strongly on the student's ability to coordinate various functions are:
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The first recorded mention of the terms chest voice and head voice was around the 13th century when it was distinguished from the "throat voice" (pectoris, guttoris, capitis—at this time it is likely that head voice referred to the
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However, as knowledge of physiology has increased over the past two hundred years, so has the understanding of the physical process of singing and vocal production. As a result, many vocal pedagogists, such as Ralph
Appelman at
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It has also been shown that a more powerful voice may be achieved with a fatter and fluid-like vocal fold mucosa. The more pliable the mucosa, the more efficient the transfer of energy from the airflow to the vocal folds.
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Singing when done with proper vocal technique is an integrated and coordinated act that effectively coordinates the physical processes of singing. There are four physical processes involved in producing vocal sound:
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accompaniment, in which singing provides the main focus of the piece. Vocal music is probably the oldest form of music since it does not require any instrument or equipment besides the voice. All musical
1506:, among others. A sound reinforcement system is the combination of microphones, signal processors, amplifiers, and loudspeakers. The combination of such units may also use reverb, echo chambers and
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One difference between live performances in the popular and
Classical genres is that whereas Classical performers often sing without amplification in small- to mid-size halls, in popular music, a
1403:
factor – "depth" has two connotations. It refers to the actual physical sensations of depth in the body and vocal mechanism, and to mental concepts of depth that are related to tone quality.
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The contemporary use of the term chest voice often refers to a specific kind of vocal coloration or vocal timbre. In classical singing, its use is limited entirely to the lower part of the
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songs may have a short, simple call-and-response chorus, but the emphasis in the song is on the instrumental melodies and improvisation. Vocal music typically features sung words called
993:. Although both methods are still in use, current vocal pedagogical practice tends to adopt the newer more scientific view. Also, some vocal pedagogists take ideas from both viewpoints.
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Singing can be formal or informal, arranged, or improvised. It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort, as part of a ritual, during
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331:, or tone of the sound produced. Sound also resonates within different parts of the body and an individual's size and bone structure can affect the sound produced by an individual.
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function. They occur because the vocal folds are capable of producing several different vibratory patterns. Each of these vibratory patterns appears within a particular range of
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refers to the system of vocal registers within the voice. A register in the voice is a particular series of tones, produced in the same vibratory pattern of the
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process (phonation is the process of producing vocal sound by the vibration of the vocal folds that is in turn modified by the resonance of the vocal tract)
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1083:, which is a term used by classical singers, the registers will be discussed as they are in the field of singing rather than speech pathology and science.
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The three main registers, described as head, middle (mixed), and chest voice, are described as having a rich timbre, because of the overtones due to the
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Platte, S. L.; et al. (2024). "Breathing with the
Conductor? A Prospective, Quasi-Experimental Exploration of Breathing Habits in Choral Singers".
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While some bands use backup singers who only sing when they are on stage, it is common for backup singers in popular music to have other roles. In many
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Every spoken language, natural or non-natural language has its own intrinsic musicality which affects singing by means of pitch, phrasing, and accent.
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Richard Miller, The
Structure of Singing: System and Art in Vocal Technique (New York: Schirmer Books: A Division of Macmillan, Inc., 1986) 115-149.
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combines karaoke singing with a spelling bee-style competition, with the show featuring contestants trying to remember the lyrics to popular songs.
1760:, doing plosive "p" and "b" sounds into the mic to create percussive effects. In the 2000s, controversy arose over the widespread use of electronic
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to associate possible roles with potential voices. There are currently several different systems in use within classical music including the German
922:, the Italian opera singing method, where chest voice was identified as the lowest and head voice the highest of three vocal registers: the chest,
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Richard Miller, The
Structure of Singing: System and Art in Vocal Technique (New York: Schirmer Books: A Division of Macmillan, Inc., 1986) 125.
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Vocal music is written in many different forms and styles which are often labeled within a particular genre of music. These genres include
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However, most classical music systems acknowledge seven different major voice categories. Women are typically divided into three groups:
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on the amplified sound. Though these four mechanisms function independently, they are nevertheless coordinated in the establishment of a
1553:, although there are notable examples of vocal music that are performed using non-linguistic syllables or noises, sometimes as musical
1034:, where a penetrating sound is accessible, but usually only through vocal training. The historic Italian school of singing describes a
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1802:, the backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones.
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devices with recorded and live popular music vocals. Controversy has also arisen due to cases where pop singers have been found to be
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such as breaks and lifts within the voice. Other considerations are physical characteristics, speech level, scientific testing, and
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The sound of each individual's singing voice is entirely unique not only because of the actual shape and size of an individual's
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In its physical aspect, singing has a well-defined technique that depends on the use of the lungs, which act as an air supply or
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Singers can also learn to project sound in certain ways so that it resonates better within their vocal tract. This is known as
1109:, which lies below the chest voice. Singing in this register is hard on the vocal cords, and therefore, is hardly ever used.
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to describe the sudden transition from chest voice to head voice for artistic reasons and enhancement of vocal performances.
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of a song. Backing vocalists sing some, but usually, not all, parts of the song often singing only in a song's refrain or
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173:. If practice is done regularly then the sounds can become clearer and stronger. Professional singers usually build their
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of the internal sounds correspond to the desired sounds required by the style of singing the student aims to re-create.
951:, have redefined or even abandoned the use of the terms chest voice and head voice. In particular, the use of the terms
189:, although there are singers with crossover success (singing in more than one genre). Professional singers usually take
1983:... has been localized to ... areas adjacent to and overlapping with those regions that process speech syntax, such as
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the agent or manager is often paid by receiving a percentage of the fees that the singer gets from performing onstage.
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groups, backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing. In some pop and hip hop groups and in
566:, can be applied. Within each of these major categories, several sub-categories identify specific vocal qualities like
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or without accompaniment. Some types of rapping consist mostly or entirely of speech and chanting, like the
Jamaican "
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1858:. Depending on the style of vocal music that a person has trained in, the "talent buyers" that they seek out may be
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1690:. Some artists may sing both the lead and backing vocals on audio recordings by overlapping recorded vocal tracks.
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and continues to develop and change today. Professions that practice the art and science of vocal pedagogy include
319:, and the tightness of otherwise unrelated muscles can be altered. Any one of these actions results in a change in
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is the study of the teaching of singing. The art and science of vocal pedagogy has a long history that began in
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Large, John W (February–March 1972). "Towards an integrated physiologic-acoustic theory of vocal registers".
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throughout the passaggio. Through proper training, it is possible to produce a resonant and powerful sound.
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2605:"Comparison of the produced and perceived voice range profiles in untrained and trained classical singers"
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of such genres. Within these larger genres are many subgenres. For example, popular music would encompass
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who write vocal music must have an understanding of the skills, talents, and vocal properties of singers.
63:
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Lucero, Jorge C. (1996). "Chest‐ and falsetto‐like oscillations in a two‐mass model of the vocal folds".
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in the female voice. A major goal of classical voice training in classical styles is to maintain an even
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resulting unified function. Many vocal problems result from a lack of coordination within this process.
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Marilee David, The New Voice Pedagogy, 2nd ed. (Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2008) 59.
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Lucero, Jorge C.; Lourenço, Kélem G.; Hermant, Nicolas; Hirtum, Annemie Van; Pelorson, Xavier (2012).
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has been slow in adapting to more modern forms of singing. Voice classification is often used within
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Marilee David, The New Voice Pedagogy, 2nd ed. (Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2008) 63.
1991:." Both Broca's area and Wernicke's area are important steps in language processing and production.
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system and the choral music system among many others. No system is universally applied or accepted.
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to a pre-recorded recording of their vocal performance or, in the case of the controversial act
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Shewan, Robert (January–February 1979). "Voice classification: An examination of methodology".
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1717:". In some types of rapping, the performers may interpolate short sung or half-sung passages.
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notes in the chest can lead to forcing. Forcing can lead consequently to vocal deterioration.
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or as a profession. Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction, and regular
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and are made to interact upon one another. During passive breathing, air is inhaled with the
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is the process by which human singing voices are evaluated and are thereby designated into
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3172:"What is Chest Voice, Head Voice, and Mix?" by KO NAKAMURA. SWVS journal. MARCH 11, 2017.
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3069:"Effect of source–tract acoustical coupling on the oscillation onset of the vocal folds"
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Lucero, Jorge C. (1995). "The minimum lung pressure to sustain vocal fold oscillation".
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3255:
2629:
2604:
2565:
2440:
2145:
2140:
1889:
1859:
1855:
1624:
1379:
There are three factors that significantly affect the ability to sing higher or lower:
1144:
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885:
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614:
190:
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2011:
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1592:
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1269:
1148:
832:
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539:
394:
320:
293:
178:
123:
107:
4010:
3824:"Neurological Bases of Musical Disorders and Their Implications for Stroke Recovery"
3119:
2728:
1070:
without having a basic understanding of the different vocal registers. In his book
346:; which has been shown to match particularly well to the most sensitive part of the
4354:
4319:
4314:
4211:
4105:
4100:
3334:
3212:
2272:
2199:
2184:
2135:
2095:
2057:
1934:
1916:
1676:
1640:
1635:, and several other genres. There may also be a subgenre within a subgenre such as
1608:
1554:
1495:
1483:
1388:
folds and their resistance to that pressure; and to the dynamic level of the sound.
1226:
1152:
840:
578:
571:
547:
498:
415:
3399:, Second Printing (Iowa City: National Center for Voice and Speech, 2000) 281.
3377:, Second Printing (Iowa City: National Center for Voice and Speech, 2000) 282.
1557:. A short piece of vocal music with lyrics is broadly termed a song, although, in
1229:
a blues ballads; for jazz singers, styles can include Swing ballads and scatting.
1018:) is a term used in classical singing to describe the transition area between the
3966:
2620:
4418:
4408:
4339:
4279:
4269:
4090:
2194:
2189:
2179:
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750:
721:
710:
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494:
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308:
297:
194:
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technique used in singing to describe the resonance felt in the singer's head.
803:
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4377:
4289:
4264:
4181:
4132:
4110:
4063:
3581:
2539:
2229:
2155:
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1745:
1679:
1632:
1546:
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860:
725:
693:
567:
375:
363:
342:. The primary method for singers to accomplish this is through the use of the
186:
127:
115:
3637:
3240:
3103:
3045:
3016:
2755:
2712:
2524:
2415:"Vocalist | Definition of vocalist in US English by Oxford Dictionaries"
1026:(plural) of the voice lie between the different vocal registers, such as the
4324:
4299:
4216:
4201:
4016:
Singing and Health: A systematic mapping and review of non-clinical research
3645:
3360:
3320:
3159:
3053:
2973:
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2458:
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1190:
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919:
815:
766:
762:
732:
717:
543:
482:
399:
273:
257:
233:
3974:
3942:. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1981. 113 p., amply ill. (mostly with photos.).
3860:
3523:
3467:
3111:
2638:
2574:
1030:, where any singer can produce a powerful sound, the middle voice, and the
272:
while exhalation occurs without any effort. Exhalation may be aided by the
55:
2720:
2578:
1396:
Vocal pedagogists describe this as feeling like the "beginning of a yawn".
4284:
4196:
4120:
2160:
2110:
1987:" and "the regions involved in musical semantics ... appear to be near
1971:
1851:
1753:
1636:
1491:
1487:
1095:
923:
864:
634:
606:
555:
425:
324:
285:
159:
147:
1786:
bands, the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments, such as
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4274:
4226:
4115:
4095:
2234:
2219:
2204:
2085:
1843:
1698:
1683:
1668:
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1344:
1241:
1217:
Vocal styles: for classical singers, this includes styles ranging from
1174:
844:
535:
389:
343:
301:
213:
3842:
3558:
3095:
4329:
3274:
3008:
2704:
1979:
1894:
1702:
1687:
1656:
1550:
1337:
Developing consistent vocal production with a consistent tone quality
1305:
1237:
1218:
1055:
964:
828:
739:
697:
506:
328:
316:
245:
241:
217:
174:
1863:
1850:
apps. Singers market themselves to buyers of vocal talent, by doing
1682:
music, where the lead is the highest of the five voices and sings a
745:
A region of the voice which is defined or delimited by vocal breaks.
517:. The science behind voice classification developed within European
205:
562:. With regard to voices of pre-pubescent children, an eighth term,
4413:
4206:
4155:
4150:
2115:
1718:
1706:
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139:
87:
83:
80:
62:
54:
46:
30:"Sing", "Singer", and "Vocals" redirect here. For other uses, see
3822:
Loui, Psyche; Wan, Catherine Y.; Schlaug, Gottfried (July 2010).
1455:
controlled exhalation period (phonation); and a recovery period.
4233:
4160:
2100:
2075:
1660:
1616:
1562:
1532:
1177:
and physiology as it relates to the physical process of singing
527:
312:
232:, head cavities and the skeleton, which have the function of an
151:
119:
111:
103:
4024:
280:
and lower pelvis/pelvic muscles. Inhalation is aided by use of
2006:
1775:, lip-syncing to tracks recorded by other uncredited singers.
931:
register". Such pedagogists teach that the head register is a
347:
253:
3769:
This is Your Brain on Music: The Science of a Human Obsession
3257:
The head voice and other problems: Practical talks on singing
2673:, by Karl S. Kruszelnicki, ABC Science, News in Science, 2002
2390:"VOCALIST – meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary"
1531:
performed by one or more singers, which are typically called
972:, not to registers. These vocal pedagogists prefer the terms
584:
Within contemporary forms of music (sometimes referred to as
2603:
Hunter, Eric J; Švec, Jan G; Titze, Ingo R (December 2006).
926:, and head registers. This approach is still taught by some
146:
or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in
4020:
1881:
There are several television shows that showcase singing.
1349:
A blend of chest and head voice on every note of the range
696:, and possessing the same quality. Registers originate in
1887:
was launched in 2002. The first singing reality show was
1420:
There are eight components of the ideal singing posture:
1313:
The articulators shape the sound into recognizable units
1166:
Vocal pedagogy concepts are a part of developing proper
2023:
1733:
subgenres, vocal styles can include techniques such as
1310:
The vocal resonators receive the sound and influence it
705:
register can be used to refer to any of the following:
3720:
789:. This view is also adopted by many vocal pedagogues.
3582:"10 Singing Techniques to Improve Your Singing Voice"
2952:
The science of vocal pedagogy: theory and application
2256:
162:. Many styles of singing exist throughout the world.
4401:
4363:
4247:
4174:
4143:
4056:
2844:. Nashville, TN: Genovex Music Group. p. 213.
2443:music guides. London: MacDonald Young. p. 26.
1910:is another singing competition program. Similar to
1297:. These processes occur in the following sequence:
90:. A person whose profession is singing is called a
3713:"National Association for Music Education (NAfME)"
3338:
2544:"Overlap of hearing and voicing ranges in singing"
1005:Vocal registers: General discussion of transitions
3762:
3760:
3222:The New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians
2835:
2345:"The American Heritage Dictionary entry: singing"
1978:, which has been implicated in the processing of
1830:Some singers learn other music jobs, such as the
1482:include rapping, screaming, growling, overtones,
493:. These qualities include but are not limited to
3600:"Is it good to take natural cough syrup to sing"
3076:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
2989:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2685:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
1941:A different example of a singing competition is
1693:Popular music includes a range of vocal styles.
1170:. Typical areas of study include the following:
3225:. Vol. 6: Edmund to Fryklunde. Macmillan.
2873:Smith, Brenda; Thayer Sataloff, Robert (2005).
2343:Company, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing.
1655:, a lead singer performs the primary vocals or
3991:A Dictionary of Vocal Terminology: an Analysis
713:such as the upper, middle, or lower registers.
27:Act of producing musical sounds with the voice
4036:
3876:"Rock 'n' roll best sung in American accents"
3492:Titze Ingo R (2008). "The human instrument".
1675:in the background. An exception is five-part
1535:, and which may be performed with or without
1094:There are an additional two registers called
814:is the process by which the basic product of
670:
450:
8:
3691:. University of Toronto Press. p. 139.
2842:The diagnosis and correction of vocal faults
968:and should be described in terms related to
963:is more commonly seen today as a product of
546:. Men are usually divided into four groups:
3993:. New York: J. Patelson Music House, 1983.
2945:
2943:
2941:
1827:and memorizing songs, and vocal exercises.
1583:A trio of female singers performing at the
368:Voice classification in non-classical music
4043:
4029:
4021:
3666:Fulford, Phyllis; Miller, Michael (2003).
2909:Vocal workouts for the contemporary singer
1818:Professional singers continue to seek out
1737:, shouts, and unusual sounds such as the "
677:
663:
610:
457:
443:
371:
3850:
3617:Sundberg, Johan (January–February 1993).
2628:
2564:
2492:
2490:
2488:
3909:"Why Do British Singers Sound American?"
3415:. New York, NY: Schirmer Books. p.
2777:
2775:
2773:
1066:One cannot adequately discuss the vocal
2285:
2263:
613:
407:
381:
374:
300:. With the lips closed, this is called
3688:Bel Canto: A History of Vocal Pedagogy
2784:Bel Canto: A history of vocal pedagogy
2503:Singing: the mechanism and the technic
2371:
2361:
2053:List of multilingual bands and artists
1225:; for pop singers, styles can include
918:. The terms were later adopted within
3803:from the original on 17 December 2018
3668:The Complete Idiot's Guide to Singing
2319:"Definition of sing | Dictionary.com"
1427:Legs straight but knees slightly bent
1187:Breathing and air support for singing
1013:
7:
2877:. San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing.
1408:you sing lower, you must use less."
3907:Anderson, L.V. (19 November 2012).
3619:"Breathing behavior during singing"
3345:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1721:singing is based on the use of the
3940:The Performing World of the Singer
3874:Alleyne, Richard (2 August 2010).
3397:The Principles of Voice Production
3375:The Principles of Voice Production
2912:. Boston: Berklee Press. pp.
2652:Titze, I. R. (23 September 1995).
1340:Developing flexibility and agility
1232:Techniques used in styles such as
1072:The Principles of Voice Production
807:Cross-section of the head and neck
25:
3793:"Singing 'rewires' damaged brain"
3655:from the original on 29 May 2019.
3516:10.1038/scientificamerican0108-94
3186:Mariah Carey revisited: her story
1240:, range extension, tone quality,
1163:, and other teachers of singing.
949:University of Southern California
588:), singers are classified by the
574:to differentiate between voices.
2266:
2010:
959:have become controversial since
3254:Clippinger, David Alva (1917).
2950:Appelman, Dudley Ralph (1986).
1667:who sings backup vocals or the
1103:additional register called the
1074:, Ingo Titze states, "The term
1062:Vocal registers and transitions
3719:. 29 June 2017. Archived from
3540:Principles of voice production
3341:The Oxford dictionary of opera
2478:Britannica Online Encyclopedia
1790:, electric bass, or drums. In
193:provided by voice teachers or
134:. Singing is often done in an
1:
3580:Ramsey, Matt (24 June 2020).
1842:. Some singers put videos on
1647:Popular and traditional music
1131:
757:is a language which combines
586:contemporary commercial music
3967:10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.07.020
3136:; Mathieson, Lesley (2001).
2621:10.1016/j.jvoice.2005.08.009
1709:in a rhythmic speech over a
1450:Breathing and breath support
1445:Head facing straight forward
1430:Hips facing straight forward
1354:Developing the singing voice
3767:Levitin, Daniel J. (2006).
3743:"Contestants on Saregamapa"
3138:The voice and its disorders
2788:University of Toronto Press
1504:sound reinforcement systems
290:sternocleidomastoid muscles
4469:
4388:Sound reinforcement system
4248:Concepts · Techniques
4011:A Brief History of Singing
3472:World History Encyclopedia
2840:McKinney, James C (1994).
1874:
1572:
1517:
1304:Sound is initiated in the
1116:
854:
851:Chest voice and head voice
796:
600:
477:, voices are treated like
361:
244:, which together with the
197:throughout their careers.
110:). Singers perform music (
29:
1480:Extended vocal techniques
1439:Chest comfortably forward
709:A particular part of the
142:. Singers may perform as
122:, etc.) that can be sung
3412:The Structure of Singing
3409:Miller, Richard (1986).
2956:Indiana University Press
2394:Dictionary.cambridge.org
1999:to help produce speech.
1944:Don't Forget the Lyrics!
1475:Extended vocal technique
1334:to its maximum potential
1046:in the male voice and a
471:European classical music
138:of musicians, such as a
71:(Frans Hals, about 1628)
3303:Oxford University Press
3184:Nickson, Chris (1998),
2298:www.merriam-webster.com
2294:"Definition of SINGING"
1442:Shoulders down and back
901:History and development
511:vocal transition points
79:is the act of creating
40:Vocals (disambiguation)
36:Singer (disambiguation)
3335:Warrack, John Hamilton
2906:Peckham, Anne (2005).
1588:
1277:
1137:
1011:Italian pronunciation:
876:are terms used within
808:
315:, the position of the
256:articulate and impose
209:
73:
60:
52:
3685:Stark, James (2003).
3537:Titze Ingo R (1994).
3468:"Ancient Greek Music"
3337:; West, Ewan (1992).
3299:Solutions for singers
3142:John Wiley & Sons
3134:Margaret C. L. Greene
2782:Stark, James (2003).
1582:
1569:Genres of vocal music
1510:among other devices.
1371:Extending vocal range
1343:Achieving a balanced
1268:
1157:vocal music educators
1126:
1088:sympathetic resonance
912:Johannes de Garlandia
806:
282:external intercostals
208:
128:without accompaniment
66:
58:
50:
32:Sing (disambiguation)
4448:Occupations in music
4175:Voice classification
3799:. 21 February 2010.
1965:Neurological aspects
1957:Singing and language
1923:America's Got Talent
1871:Singing competitions
1565:are typically used.
1211:Voice classification
1042:connected through a
1015:[pasˈsaddʒo]
487:Voice classification
358:Vocal classification
350:'s frequency range.
296:is altered with the
278:internal intercostal
177:around one specific
4239:Non-classical music
4144:Forms · Genres
3881:The Daily Telegraph
3771:. New York: Plume.
3586:Ramsey Voice Studio
3508:2008SciAm.298a..94T
3495:Scientific American
3088:2012ASAJ..132..403L
3001:1996ASAJ..100.3355L
2954:. Bloomington, IN:
2697:1995ASAJ...98..779L
2654:"What's in a voice"
2584:on 22 December 2010
2091:Chiaroscuro (music)
2003:Accents and singing
1651:In many modern pop
1424:Feet slightly apart
479:musical instruments
236:, as the tube in a
132:musical instruments
4074:Extended technique
3190:St. Martin's Press
2552:Journal of Singing
2507:Carl Fischer Music
2421:on 2 October 2018.
2374:has generic name (
2323:www.dictionary.com
2022:. You can help by
1663:, as opposed to a
1589:
1500:vocal fry register
1278:
1205:Vocal registration
1184:related to singing
1138:
1128:Ercole de' Roberti
961:vocal registration
941:Indiana University
809:
775:vocal fry register
690:Vocal registration
603:Vocal registration
597:Vocal registration
515:vocal registration
220:, which acts as a
210:
156:symphony orchestra
74:
61:
53:
4453:Music performance
4427:
4426:
3989:Reid, Cornelius.
3938:Blackwood, Alan.
3843:10.1121/1.3488666
3778:978-0-452-28852-2
3698:978-0-8020-8614-3
3561:on 2 January 2011
3554:978-0-13-717893-3
3352:978-0-19-869164-8
3312:978-0-19-516005-5
3280:Project Gutenberg
3232:978-1-56159-174-9
3199:978-0-312-19512-0
3151:978-1-86156-196-1
3096:10.1121/1.4728170
3033:The NATS Bulletin
2965:978-0-253-35110-4
2923:978-0-87639-047-4
2884:978-1-59756-043-6
2851:978-1-56593-940-0
2797:978-0-8020-8614-3
2744:The NATS Bulletin
2671:Speak and Choke 1
2516:978-0-8258-0055-9
2450:978-0-356-09099-3
2251:-acylethanolamine
2225:Screaming (music)
2131:Singer-songwriter
2040:
2039:
1877:Music competition
1266:
1180:Vocal health and
1052:secondo passaggio
1044:zona di passaggio
1040:secondo passaggio
928:vocal pedagogists
916:Jerome of Moravia
910:) by the writers
908:falsetto register
783:falsetto register
755:register language
687:
686:
654:
623:
467:
466:
16:(Redirected from
4460:
4383:Pitch correction
4350:Vocal resonation
4128:Vocal percussion
4084:Overtone singing
4069:Bathroom singing
4045:
4038:
4031:
4022:
3986:
3955:Journal of Voice
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3904:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3888:on 6 August 2010
3884:. Archived from
3871:
3865:
3864:
3854:
3828:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3764:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3723:on 20 April 2012
3709:
3703:
3702:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3663:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3626:The NATS Journal
3623:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3557:. Archived from
3534:
3528:
3527:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3449:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3406:
3400:
3395:Ingo R. Titze,
3393:
3387:
3384:
3378:
3373:Ingo R. Titze,
3371:
3365:
3364:
3344:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3269:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3181:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3140:(6th ed.).
3130:
3124:
3123:
3073:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3009:10.1121/1.416976
2995:(5): 3355–3359.
2984:
2978:
2977:
2947:
2936:
2935:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2837:
2810:
2809:
2779:
2768:
2767:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2705:10.1121/1.414354
2680:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2632:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2583:
2577:. Archived from
2568:
2548:
2538:Hunter, Eric J;
2535:
2529:
2528:
2499:Vennard, William
2494:
2483:
2482:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2417:. Archived from
2411:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2349:ahdictionary.com
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2290:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2262:
2151:Voice projection
2121:Overtone singing
2035:
2032:
2014:
2007:
1976:Brodmann area 47
1897:in 1995. At the
1765:pitch correction
1561:, terms such as
1267:
1200:Voice projection
1196:Vocal resonation
1153:choral directors
1136:
1133:
1017:
1012:
983:speech pathology
812:Vocal resonation
799:Vocal resonation
793:Vocal resonation
787:whistle register
771:speech pathology
742:or vocal "color"
738:A certain vocal
679:
672:
665:
652:
621:
611:
459:
452:
445:
372:
344:singer's formant
336:vocal resonation
59:Children's choir
51:Singing children
21:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4423:
4397:
4393:Monitor speaker
4366:(popular music)
4365:
4364:Sound equipment
4359:
4243:
4170:
4139:
4052:
4049:
4007:
3952:
3935:
3933:Further reading
3930:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3906:
3905:
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3831:Acoustics Today
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3745:. 10 March 2016
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3547:. p. 354.
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3305:. p. 286.
3295:Miller, Richard
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3272:
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3252:
3248:
3233:
3219:, eds. (1980).
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2958:. p. 434.
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2875:Choral pedagogy
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2066:
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2020:needs expansion
2005:
1989:Wernicke's area
1967:
1959:
1950:The Singing Bee
1879:
1873:
1836:music producing
1808:
1800:musical theater
1649:
1601:religious music
1577:
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1559:classical music
1522:
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1477:
1465:
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1373:
1356:
1301:Breath is taken
1258:
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1254:Vocal technique
1182:voice disorders
1168:vocal technique
1161:opera directors
1134:
1121:
1115:
1064:
1048:primo passaggio
1036:primo passaggio
1020:vocal registers
1010:
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970:vocal resonance
945:William Vennard
903:
890:vocal resonance
867:
855:Main articles:
853:
801:
795:
769:system. Within
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615:Vocal registers
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601:Main articles:
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519:classical music
503:vocal tessitura
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362:Main articles:
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340:vocal registers
266:vocal technique
238:wind instrument
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167:music education
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18:Voice (singing)
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4005:External links
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2595:
2559:(4): 387–392.
2530:
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2441:Yehudi Menuhin
2435:, ed. (1983).
2433:Falkner, Keith
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1860:record company
1856:music director
1854:in front of a
1820:vocal coaching
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1665:backing singer
1653:musical groups
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1625:easy listening
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1141:Vocal pedagogy
1119:Vocal pedagogy
1117:Main article:
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1113:Vocal pedagogy
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998:modal register
953:chest register
902:
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886:vocal register
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797:Main article:
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765:into a single
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4402:Miscellaneous
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4222:Mezzo-soprano
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4192:Bass-baritone
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4057:Singing types
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3674:. p. 64.
3673:
3672:Penguin Books
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3502:(1): 94–101.
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2210:Lead vocalist
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2106:Group singing
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2018:This section
2016:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2002:
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1998:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1972:tonotopic map
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1912:American Idol
1909:
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1900:American Idol
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1884:American Idol
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1825:sight singing
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1788:rhythm guitar
1785:
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1773:Milli Vanilli
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1731:hardcore punk
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1621:country music
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1605:secular music
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1593:popular music
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1276:while singing
1275:
1271:
1270:Real-time MRI
1253:
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1149:vocal coaches
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4355:Vocal weight
4320:Sprechgesang
4315:Scat singing
4212:Countertenor
4106:Sign singing
4101:Scat singing
3990:
3958:
3954:
3939:
3918:. Retrieved
3912:
3902:
3890:. Retrieved
3886:the original
3879:
3869:
3837:(3): 28–36.
3834:
3830:
3817:
3805:. Retrieved
3796:
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3737:
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3721:the original
3716:
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3559:the original
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3471:
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2579:the original
2556:
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2502:
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2467:
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2427:
2419:the original
2409:
2397:. Retrieved
2393:
2384:
2352:. Retrieved
2348:
2338:
2326:. Retrieved
2322:
2313:
2301:. Retrieved
2297:
2288:
2248:
2200:Isicathamiya
2185:Belt (music)
2136:Sprechgesang
2096:Choral music
2058:Sign singing
2041:
2031:January 2013
2028:
2024:adding to it
2019:
1993:
1985:Broca's area
1968:
1960:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1935:The Sing-Off
1933:
1927:
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1917:The X Factor
1915:
1911:
1905:
1904:by viewers.
1898:
1893:launched by
1888:
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1829:
1817:
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1743:
1705:delivery of
1692:
1686:and not the
1650:
1641:scat singing
1590:
1585:Berwald Hall
1555:onomatopoeia
1537:instrumental
1524:
1523:
1478:
1466:
1457:
1453:
1436:Abdomen flat
1419:
1415:
1406:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1378:
1374:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1295:articulation
1279:
1227:"belted out"
1165:
1140:
1139:
1105:
1093:
1085:
1080:
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1071:
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937:
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869:
868:
841:nasal cavity
831:itself, the
811:
810:
767:phonological
754:
748:
689:
688:
645:
639:
633:
627:
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579:choral music
576:
572:vocal weight
548:countertenor
533:
526:
499:vocal weight
486:
468:
416:Countertenor
352:
333:
306:
211:
164:
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95:
91:
76:
75:
69:Girl Singing
68:
44:
4419:Vocal coach
4409:Vocal music
4340:Vocal range
4295:Lead vocals
4280:Death growl
4270:Chest voice
4091:Oversinging
2786:. Toronto:
2496:polka dots
2372:|last=
2190:Death growl
2180:Beat boxing
2173:Other music
1929:Rising Star
1840:songwriting
1769:lip-syncing
1739:death growl
1727:heavy metal
1575:Music genre
1525:Vocal music
1520:Vocal music
1514:Vocal music
1332:vocal range
1283:respiration
1274:vocal tract
1135: 1490
1130:: Concert,
1028:chest voice
1009:Passaggio (
991:linguistics
974:chest voice
884:or type of
882:vocal range
878:vocal music
870:Chest voice
857:Chest voice
837:oral cavity
751:linguistics
722:chest voice
711:vocal range
694:vocal folds
495:vocal range
491:voice types
309:vocal cords
298:vocal cords
152:jazz styles
116:recitatives
4437:Categories
4378:Microphone
4290:Head voice
4265:Coloratura
4182:Voice type
4133:Beatboxing
4111:Sing-along
4064:A cappella
3807:6 December
3426:002872660X
3301:. Oxford:
3264:. p.
2399:30 January
2354:18 January
2328:18 January
2303:18 January
2280:References
2242:Physiology
2230:Songwriter
2156:Voice type
2126:Recitative
2071:A cappella
1875:See also:
1796:Afro-Cuban
1758:beatboxers
1746:microphone
1723:blue notes
1680:a cappella
1633:rock music
1547:blues rock
1291:resonation
1246:coloratura
1032:head voice
978:head voice
874:head voice
861:Head voice
843:, and the
785:, and the
761:and vowel
726:head voice
568:coloratura
376:Voice type
364:Voice type
323:, volume (
258:consonants
181:, such as
154:) up to a
4325:Tessitura
4300:Passaggio
4217:Contralto
4202:Baritenor
3983:237608913
3920:9 January
3892:9 January
3638:0884-8106
3241:191123244
3104:0001-4966
3046:0884-8106
3040:: 30–35.
3017:0001-4966
2756:0884-8106
2713:0001-4966
2588:2 January
2525:248006248
2473:"Singing"
2166:Winsingad
2081:Bel canto
2064:Art music
1997:retrained
1907:The Voice
1852:auditions
1848:streaming
1832:composing
1762:Auto-Tune
1750:PA system
1643:in jazz.
1597:art music
1508:Auto-Tune
1498:, use of
1287:phonation
1234:sostenuto
1191:Phonation
1106:strohbass
1100:flageolet
1081:passaggio
1068:passaggio
987:phonetics
965:laryngeal
920:bel canto
816:phonation
763:phonation
733:phonatory
718:resonance
698:laryngeal
647:Vocal fry
544:contralto
483:Composers
400:Contralto
274:abdominal
270:diaphragm
234:amplifier
228:; on the
216:; on the
183:classical
148:art songs
86:with the
4285:Falsetto
4275:Crooning
4197:Baritone
4166:Vocables
4121:Lip sync
3975:34551860
3861:21804770
3801:Archived
3797:BBC News
3717:Menc.org
3650:Archived
3646:16072337
3524:18225701
3361:25409395
3321:51258100
3297:(2004).
3160:47831173
3120:29954321
3112:22779487
3054:16072337
2974:13083085
2932:60826564
2893:64198260
2860:30786430
2806:53795639
2764:16072337
2729:24053484
2660:: 38–42.
2639:16325373
2575:19844607
2542:(2004).
2501:(1967).
2459:10418423
2364:cite web
2161:Yodeling
2111:Musician
2047:See also
1754:crooning
1715:toasting
1703:rhythmic
1637:vocalese
1542:cultures
1502:, using
1492:yodeling
1488:falsetto
1096:falsetto
1076:register
1024:passaggi
924:passagio
865:Passagio
635:Falsetto
607:Passagio
556:baritone
505:, vocal
426:Baritone
325:loudness
286:scalenes
226:vibrator
171:practice
160:big band
150:or some
144:soloists
136:ensemble
100:vocalist
4443:Singing
4310:Rapping
4305:Quintus
4260:Belting
4227:Soprano
4116:Karaoke
4096:Rapping
4051:Singing
3852:3145418
3727:22 July
3604:VisiHow
3565:20 June
3504:Bibcode
3477:19 June
3275:Singing
3084:Bibcode
2997:Bibcode
2721:7642816
2693:Bibcode
2630:4782147
2609:J Voice
2566:2763406
2235:Vocoder
2220:Rapping
2205:Kulning
2195:Humming
2086:Chanson
1864:A&R
1844:YouTube
1811:shows.
1806:Careers
1735:screams
1699:rapping
1695:Hip hop
1684:descant
1673:humming
1669:harmony
1629:hip hop
1609:fusions
1587:in 2016
1496:belting
1484:sliding
1468:Vibrato
1463:Vibrato
1412:Posture
1345:vibrato
1242:vibrato
1175:Anatomy
1022:. The
947:at the
845:sinuses
833:pharynx
702:pitches
629:Whistle
622:Highest
577:Within
536:soprano
390:Soprano
302:humming
214:bellows
175:careers
106:and/or
81:musical
77:Singing
4330:Timbre
4151:Choral
3997:
3981:
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2259:Portal
1980:syntax
1895:Zee TV
1707:rhymes
1701:, the
1688:melody
1677:gospel
1657:melody
1607:, and
1551:lyrics
1385:energy
1306:larynx
1293:, and
1244:, and
1238:legato
1219:Lieder
1056:timbre
1038:and a
989:, and
895:"flip"
863:, and
839:, the
835:, the
829:larynx
827:, the
823:, the
781:, the
777:, the
740:timbre
653:Lowest
564:treble
558:, and
542:, and
509:, and
507:timbre
382:Female
329:timbre
317:tongue
292:. The
288:, and
262:vowels
252:, and
246:palate
242:tongue
218:larynx
201:Voices
96:artist
92:singer
84:sounds
38:, and
4414:Choir
4207:Tenor
4156:Opera
3979:S2CID
3914:Slate
3827:(PDF)
3653:(PDF)
3622:(PDF)
3116:S2CID
3072:(PDF)
2725:S2CID
2582:(PDF)
2547:(PDF)
2437:Voice
2273:Music
2253:(NAE)
2215:Mbube
2116:Opera
1792:Latin
1784:metal
1719:Blues
1697:uses
1659:of a
1613:blues
1533:songs
1529:music
1401:depth
1393:space
1272:of a
1223:opera
933:vocal
821:chest
641:Modal
552:tenor
523:opera
475:opera
421:Tenor
321:pitch
294:pitch
250:teeth
230:chest
140:choir
120:songs
112:arias
88:voice
4234:Fach
4187:Bass
4161:Lied
3995:ISBN
3971:PMID
3944:ISBN
3922:2013
3894:2013
3857:PMID
3809:2015
3773:ISBN
3751:2017
3729:2017
3693:ISBN
3642:OCLC
3634:ISSN
3567:2008
3549:ISBN
3520:PMID
3479:2017
3421:ISBN
3357:OCLC
3347:ISBN
3317:OCLC
3307:ISBN
3237:OCLC
3227:ISBN
3194:ISBN
3156:OCLC
3146:ISBN
3108:PMID
3100:ISSN
3050:OCLC
3042:ISSN
3013:ISSN
2970:OCLC
2960:ISBN
2928:OCLC
2918:ISBN
2889:OCLC
2879:ISBN
2856:OCLC
2846:ISBN
2802:OCLC
2792:ISBN
2760:OCLC
2752:ISSN
2717:PMID
2709:ISSN
2635:PMID
2590:2009
2571:PMID
2521:OCLC
2511:ISBN
2455:OCLC
2445:ISBN
2401:2019
2376:help
2356:2021
2330:2021
2305:2021
2101:Fach
2076:Aria
1932:and
1846:and
1838:and
1782:and
1780:rock
1748:and
1729:and
1711:beat
1661:song
1639:and
1617:jazz
1563:aria
1399:The
1391:The
1383:The
1236:and
1098:and
1050:and
976:and
955:and
943:and
914:and
888:; a
872:and
759:tone
753:, a
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473:and
431:Bass
408:Male
366:and
313:neck
260:and
254:lips
222:reed
187:rock
124:with
104:jazz
102:(in
3963:doi
3847:PMC
3839:doi
3512:doi
3500:298
3417:115
3278:at
3092:doi
3080:132
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2914:117
2701:doi
2625:PMC
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1221:to
1198:or
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