742:, noblemen could not be sued outside the province until the 15th century. King Louis I even prohibited all prelates and noblemen who owned lands in Transylvania from bringing legal proceedings of lesser importance concerning these estates to the royal court. Nevertheless, legal actions between Transylvanians and the inhabitants of other parts of the kingdom remained outside the jurisdiction of the voivodes. Litigants could appeal to the royal court against the decision of the voivode from the 14th century, but the voivode often remained involved in the proceedings. Legislation prescribed that appeals against decisions of the voivodes were to be addressed to the judge royal only from 1444.
3204:
801:
58:
771:"General assemblies" convoked and presided over by the principal judges of the realm became important judicial institutions in the last decade of the 13th century. General assemblies for the representatives of the Transylvanian counties were presided over by the voivode or the vice-voivode. The first such assembly was held on June 8, 1288. They became important legal institutions from 1322. Thereafter they were held on a regular basis, at least once a year at Keresztes (CristiĆ) near Torda.
439:
179:
4278:
580:
2522:
3224:
1065:
1111:, bishop of VĂĄrad, soon started to reorganize the government in the name of the dowager queen and her son. The Ottomans assisted the bishop by capturing his opponent, Stephen MajlĂĄth, although the sultan had earlier confirmed the latter's position as voivode. An assembly of the Three Nations elected George Martinuzzi as governor on behalf of the infant king in 1542.
2534:
715:, the voivode was one of the Kingdom's highest judges. In this capacity, he was authorized to issue "credible" charters. The earliest preserved charter dates to 1248. The voivodes or their vice-voivodes always heard disputes together with local noblemen who knew local customs. Initially, the voivodes and their deputies held their courts at
1114:
The office of voivode was vacant until
September 1549, when Ferdinand (who had not given up the idea of reuniting the territories of the entire kingdom) appointed Martinuzzi to this post. However, Isabella and his son only left their realm in 1551. Thereafter, Transylvania was again under the rule of
466:
and Torda were not listed among the witnesses of royal charters from the beginning of the 13th century, hinting that their direct connection to the monarchs had by that time been interrupted. Thereafter they were employed by the voivode who appointed and dismissed them at will. Only the heads of
1000:
during his voivodeship between 1294 and 1315. He arbitrarily assumed the titles of count of
Bistritz, Hermannstadt and the Székelys to expand his authority over Saxon and Székely communities exempted from voivodal authority. He set up a tax-collecting body, seemingly covering the entire province. He
354:
The border position of
Transylvania led to the formation of the voivodeship, since the monarchs could not maintain direct control over this remote region. Thus the voivodes were never autonomous, but remained provincial officials of the kings. The voivodes were heads of Fehér County from 1201, which
820:
The etymology of the title ("commander") suggests that voivodes had significant military duties. They were the supreme leader of the troops recruited in the counties under their jurisdiction. Although law obliged noblemen to fight in the king's army, Transylvanian nobles fought under the command of
960:
The
Mongols comprehensively plundered the eastern territories of the Kingdom of Hungary, including Transylvania, during both their invasion in 1241 and their withdrawal the following year. The consolidation of the province was the main task of Lawrence of the Aba clan, who the office for 10 years
972:
The first years of the reign of the minor
Ladislaus IV were characterized by armed conflicts between parties of the leading noble families. Although Roland Borsa, voivode in 1282 and between 1284 and 1294, was initially among the nobles assisting the king in consolidating royal power, he himself
1019:
declared himself voivode, a title even used by the monarch when referring to him in a charter of August 12, 1315. DĂłzsa
Debreceni, the voivode King Charles I appointed in 1318, defeated some rebellious minor lords, but royal authority in Transylvania was only restored by Thomas Szécsényi in the
933:
family (father and four sons) were successively appointed between 1356 and 1376. Likewise, Nicholas CsĂĄki (1415 to 1426) was succeeded by his son
Ladislaus. The pair preferred to entrust their vice-voivode Roland LĂ©pes to represent them, instead of visiting the province. From the middle of the
1087:
to succeed him after his death. At that point his voivodes, Stephen MajlĂĄth and Emeric
Balassa, decided to separate Transylvania from the kingdom in order to save the province from an Ottoman invasion. Although other leading Transylvanian noblemen soon joined them, King John I overcame their
280:"was the largest single administrative entity" in the entire kingdom in the 15th century. Voivodes enjoyed income from the royal estates attached to their office, but the right to "grant lands, collect taxes and tolls, or coin money" was reserved for the monarchs. Although
694:
of the royal fortresses. They tended to choose from among the noblemen serving in their own retinue, which ensured that their followers received a fair share of their revenues. Accordingly, when a king dismissed a voivode, his men were also replaced with his successor's men.
912:
The era beginning with 1288 was characterized by longer periods in office. Roland Borsa survived 10 years, while his successor, Ladislaus KĂĄn, lasted 20 years. This apparent stability was the consequence of the weakening of central government under the last two kings of the
726:
recognized the right of
Transylvanian noblemen to judge legal cases of peasants who held parcels of land in their estates, "with the exception of three cases, such as robbery, highway robbery, and violent trespass". This concession was confirmed in 1365 by King
422:
of the
Transylvanian counties. Although the counties in Transylvania were first attested from the 1170s, earlier references to fortresses at their seats and archaeological finds suggest that a system of counties existed in the 11th century. For instance,
896:
The voivodes had power concentrated in their hands, impelling the monarchs to replace them frequently: forty-three voivodes ruled between 1199 and 1288. Monarchs usually refrained from appointing as voivode noblemen who owned Transylvanian estates.
774:
With the authority of the monarch, the voivodes occasionally also invited the representatives of the Saxon and Székely communities to the counties' general meetings. This contributed to the development of legal connections among the future
1142:
in 1576. Christopher BĂĄthory was followed in 1581 by his minor son Sigismund who continued to style himself voivode until the death of his uncle, Stephen BĂĄthory in 1586. Sigismund BĂĄthory's title of prince was acknowledged in 1595 by
4289:"Voivode of Transylvania, IstvĂĄn BĂĄthory! (...) Transylvania has long been under my protection, (...) and the country is my own (...). Therefore, out of my power, in accordance with your fealty to me I make Transylvania over to you."
575:
in the kingdom. All income from lands attached to the Transylvanian royal castles was collected for the voivodes. They enjoyed the income from fines, but royal revenues from taxes, tolls and mines remained the kings' due.
165:
928:
In Transylvania, he was assisted by Thomas Szécsényi, the voivode between 1321 and 1342. Historian Ioan-Aurel Pop characterizes the following period as including "voidvodal dynasties": five members of the
658:
The inhabitants of the Transylvanian counties were compelled to accommodate the voivodes and their officials. The "guest settlers" – privileged colonists – at BoroskrakkĂł,
7515:
BÄrbulescu, Mihai; Dörner, Anton E.; Glodariu, Ioan; Pop, Grigor P.; Rotea, Mihai; SÄlÄgean, Tudor; Vasiliev, Valentin; Aldea, Bogdan; Proctor, Richard (2005). Pop, Ioan-Aurel; NĂ€gler, Thomas (eds.).
783:
gave rise to the first joint meeting of the Hungarian noblemen and the representatives of the Saxons and the Székelys, which was convoked without a former royal authorization by the vice-voivode.
276:" from the 13th century – were independent of the voivodes. The kings also exempted some Transylvanian towns and villages from their authority over the centuries. Even so, the
675:(VurpÄr), the obligation itself was not abolished, but limited to two occasions a year. Finally King Charles I exempted all Transylvanian noblemen and their serfs from this irksome duty in 1324.
821:
the voivode. Furthermore, the voivodes had their own private retinue, formed primarily by armed noblemen. Their right to raise an army under their own flag was confirmed by legislation in 1498.
504:, administered the Székely community from around 1228. In the latter case, the two offices were united by custom in 1462: from then on each voivode was also appointed Count of the Székelys.
158:
7107:
Barta, GĂĄbor (1994). "The Emergence of the Principality and its First Crises (1526â1606)". In Köpeczi, BĂ©la; Barta, GĂĄbor; BĂłna, IstvĂĄn; Makkai, LĂĄszlĂł; SzĂĄsz, ZoltĂĄn; Borus, Judit (eds.).
192:
719:(SĂąntimbru), but they heard disputes at their own abodes from the 14th century. Voivodes rarely headed their courts after the 1340s and were rather represented by their deputies.
1134:(who was elected ruler by the assembly of the Three Nations) revived the title of voivode, initially for himself. He adopted the title of "prince of Transylvania" when he was elected
977:
Chapter from collecting their income in 1289. Next he unlawfully compelled noblemen and Saxon landowners in Transylvania to accommodate him and his retinue. Later Borsa fought the
1031:
and Berthold Ellerbach) their leaders. The king put down the revolt in a week, but did not sentence the three voivodes, because their active role in the revolt was never proven.
471:
remained directly connected to the monarchs for a longer period, until their office was united with the voivodeship in the 1260s. Similarly, the voivodes were simultaneously the
151:
747:"Then, contempt of the general diet and the noble assembly of the Transylvanians held on the mandate of the king or of the lord voivode of Transylvania is fined by a hundred
7126:
BĂłna, IstvĂĄn (1994). "The Hungarian–Slav Period (895–1172)". In Köpeczi, BĂ©la; Barta, GĂĄbor; BĂłna, IstvĂĄn; Makkai, LĂĄszlĂł; SzĂĄsz, ZoltĂĄn; Borus, Judit (eds.).
7585:
7379:
Pop, Ioan-Aurel (2005). "Romanians in the 14thâ16th Centuries: From the 'Christian Republic' to the 'Restoration of Dacia'". In: Pop, Ioan-Aurel & Bolovan, Ioan,
1027:
had just introduced, representatives of the Three Nations concluded an alliance against the monarch and declared the three incumbent voivodes (the brothers Counts
905:
clan was the first voivode to receive a land grant in the province, around 1210. However, these originally uninhabited lands along the upper courses of the river
4864:
934:
15th century it was not unusual for two or even three noblemen to hold the office at the same time. For instance, John Hunyadi was appointed together with
1044:
304:
655:
or to the Saxon community after 1387. Consequently, KĂŒkĂŒllĆvĂĄr and the lands pertaining to it remained the last piece of the "voivodal domain" in the 1450s.
7457:
Szegedi, Edit (2009). "The birth and evolution of the Principality of Transylvania (1541â1690)". In: Pop, Ioan-Aurel; NĂ€gler, Thomas & Magyari, AndrĂĄs,
851:, voivode between 1441 and 1446, defeated a major Ottoman army at Gyulafehérvår in 1442. His successor Stephen Båthory likewise won a resounding victory at
643:(Gogan Varolea), together with their lands. Additionally, the voivodes enjoyed the revenues of royal estates in Transylvania. For instance, the estates at
7086:(Edited and translated by JĂĄnos M. Bak, PĂ©ter BanyĂł and Martyn Rady with an introductory study by LĂĄszlĂł PĂ©ter) (2005). Charles Schlacks, Jr. Publishers.
879:
on August 29, 1526 did not arrive to the battlefield in time, summoned too late. The battle ended with the Ottomans' annihilation of the royal army. King
925:(1290â1301). Royal power was only restored in the reign of Charles I (1308â1342) who one by one defeated the rebellious noblemen throughout his kingdom.
678:
The voivodes who preferred to stay in the royal court seldom resided in their province, but were represented by their deputies. The earliest record of a
291:
Because of the gradual disintegration of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary in the 16th century, the last voivodes of Transylvania, who came from the
107:
373:
was the first individual whose title voivode was documented. He held the office in the late 12th century, but his voivodeship was mentioned by a
7424:
SÄlÄgean, Tudor (2005). "Romanian Society in the Early Middle Ages (9thâ14th Centuries AD)". In: Pop, Ioan-Aurel & Bolovan, Ioan,
273:
418:
The territories under the jurisdiction of the voivodes are known as Voivodeship or Voivodate of Transylvania. Voivodes were the chiefs of the
7499:
7466:
7433:
7388:
7359:
7263:
7248:
7179:
7156:
5184:
5319:
5138:
4342:
4255:
4235:
4215:
4196:
442:
Administrative division of Transylvania in the early 16th century, the territories under the control of the Voivode depicted in yellow
7072:(Greek text edited by Gyula Moravcsik, English translation b Romillyi J. H. Jenkins) (1967). Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies.
4476:
together with Emeric Balassa of Gyarmat (1538â1540); planned to secede Transylvania from the Kingdom of Hungary, but was captured by the
4366:
399:
for the same office in the next decades, showing that the terminology remained uncertain until the second half of the 13th century.
7239:
Felezeu, CÄlin (2009). "The International Political Background (1541â1699)". In: Pop, Ioan-Aurel; NĂ€gler, Thomas & Magyari, AndrĂĄs,
4708:
3203:
1053:
in 1526. First the voivode, John Szapolyai was proclaimed king by a group of nobles, but the opposing party also elected its own king,
7590:
7533:
7481:
7451:
7418:
7403:
7374:
7342:
7324:
7309:
7294:
7280:
7233:
7215:
7200:
7135:
7116:
7091:
7077:
651:(Hunedoara) were attached to them for decades. However, the monarchs started to grant their castles and estates to noblemen, to the
1480:
332:
264:
They had wide-ranging administrative, military and judicial powers, but their jurisdiction never covered the whole province. The
4053:
brothers of Count Peter Szentgyörgyi (1498â1510); dismissed after rebellious Transylvanian nobles elected them to their leaders
4698:
4562:
4540:
4516:
4396:
4377:
1054:
961:
from 1242. One of his successors, appointed by King BĂ©la IV, Ernye of the Ăkos clan, was dismissed in 1260 by the king's son,
30:
This article is about the royal governors of Transylvania. For the rulers of the Principality of Transylvania after 1570, see
4703:
1009:
from him in the first half of 1307. He handed the royal diadem to King Charles I in 1310, but continued to rule Transylvania
792:
were only once, in 1355, invited to the general assembly. Otherwise, the vice-voivodes organized separate meetings for them.
500:(Nagyszeben, Sibiu), who was appointed by and directly subordinate to the monarchs. Likewise, a special royal official, the
7337:("Great Officers of State in Hungary from King Saint Stephen to Our Days: A Biographical Encyclopedia"). Magyar Könyvklub.
4693:
4657:
3728:
3646:
3620:
3602:
3568:
3516:
3480:
3441:
3406:
3292:
3264:
3173:
3131:
3097:
3063:
1144:
939:
704:
67:
7516:
4673:
683:
969:. The duke's action showed emerging tensions between father and son, rather than conflicts between the duke and Ernye.
7525:
5186:
TekintĆ: ErdĂ©lyi helynĂ©vkönyv, Harmadik kötet, Q â Zs (""TekintĆ": Book on Transylvanian Toponymy, Volume II, Q â Zs")
1505:
572:
258:
3758:
3684:
3490:
3364:
3356:
3314:
3302:
3149:
2681:
315:
of the new realm, officially abandoned the title of voivode and adopted that of prince in 1576, upon his election as
5321:
TekintĆ: ErdĂ©lyi helynĂ©vkönyv, MĂĄsodik kötet, I â P (""TekintĆ": Book on Transylvanian Toponymy, Volume II, I â P ")
2800:
1436:
1385:
1363:
5140:
TekintĆ: ErdĂ©lyi helynĂ©vkönyv, ElsĆ kötet, A â H (""TekintĆ": Book on Transylvanian Toponymy, Volume II, A â H ")
4522:
2773:
1192:
1104:
1040:
1002:
508:
363:
122:
735:(the right to the application of capital punishment) to more and more nobles in the course of the same century.
4688:
3650:
3596:
1777:
1394:
1092:
829:
800:
112:
7195:("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1301â1457, Volume I"). HistĂłria, MTA TörtĂ©nettudomĂĄnyi IntĂ©zete. Budapest.
3897:
3746:
3672:
1577:
1349:
1294:
902:
501:
413:
250:
97:
4391:
4125:
3859:
3546:
2462:
2424:
2394:
2364:
2334:
2304:
2274:
2244:
2214:
2184:
2154:
2124:
2094:
2064:
2034:
2004:
1974:
1752:
1662:
1598:
1415:
1240:
1123:
1091:
Following John's death, Ottoman troops occupied the central parts of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1541. Sultan
918:
825:
780:
57:
3738:
3664:
1023:
The next rebellion against royal power in Transylvania broke out in 1467. Irritated by a new tax that King
7398:. Palgrave (in association with School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London).
7367:
Romanians and Hungarians from the 9th to the 14th century: the genesis of the Transylvanian medieval state
4625:
4606:
3135:
3101:
3067:
3003:
2329:
1726:
1226:
1139:
1080:
652:
117:
102:
31:
2650:
1221:
723:
624:
370:
3033:
2492:
2428:
1491:
1006:
922:
752:
555:(Medgyes, MediaÈ) in 1315, but the same monarch annulled other communities' similar privileges in 1324.
369:, but he may have been only an important landowner in Transylvania without holding any specific office.
4412:
3259:
3126:
1910:
1876:
1839:
1814:
1782:
1757:
1731:
512:
4499:
together with Stephen MajlĂĄth of Szunyogszeg (1534â1540); fled when the Ottomans invaded Transylvania
3922:
together with John and Sebastian Rozgonyi (1459â1460), and with his brother, Nicholas Kanizsai (1461)
1923:(1267â1268); it is presumable, he held the dignity uninterruptedly from 1264 to 1270; the king's son,
1231:
first voivode attested by a royal charter (from 1230); leader of Hungarian reinforcements sent to the
4646:
4187:
3770:
3700:
3592:
3572:
3183:
3145:
2945:
2913:
2881:
2849:
2815:
2781:
2745:
2711:
2673:
2655:
2625:
2595:
1999:
1944:
1924:
1890:
1856:
1710:
1689:
1684:
1667:
1646:
1625:
1603:
1582:
1561:
1531:
1510:
1485:
1463:
1441:
1420:
1398:
966:
962:
852:
540:
476:
432:
265:
7494:("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000â1301"). HistĂłria, MTA TörtĂ©nettudomĂĄnyi IntĂ©zete. Budapest.
4595:
4346:
3893:
3810:
3688:
3436:
3388:
3338:
3168:
3058:
2994:
2571:
2537:
2441:(1284â1294); successfully fought against the invading Mongols in 1285; rebelled against both kings
2179:
1871:
1197:
1050:
1016:
880:
876:
788:
776:
5193:
3782:
3526:
974:
914:
524:
5328:
5147:
4129:
3912:
3814:
2999:
2969:
2935:
2903:
2871:
2839:
2805:
2767:
2735:
2701:
1641:
1096:
856:
728:
312:
232:
204:
141:
49:
4651:
4630:
4587:
4300:
4281:
3996:
3881:
3839:
3734:
3641:
3459:
3208:
2620:
2239:
2119:
2059:
1939:
1834:
1131:
978:
935:
608:
308:
288:
and some other voivodes rebelled against the sovereign, most remained faithful royal officials.
7300:
Makkai, LĂĄszlĂł (1994). "The Emergence of the Estates (1172â1526)". In: Köpeczi, BĂ©la (editor),
828:, the voivode at the time of the Mongol invasion who fell in battle on March 31, 1241. Voivode
7529:
7495:
7477:
7462:
7447:
7429:
7414:
7399:
7384:
7370:
7355:
7338:
7320:
7305:
7290:
7276:
7259:
7244:
7229:
7211:
7196:
7175:
7152:
7131:
7112:
7087:
7073:
4557:
4511:
4192:
4171:
4151:
4119:
4097:
4077:
4036:
4016:
4001:
3979:
3959:
3939:
3917:
3794:
3534:
3028:
2964:
2696:
1390:
1368:
1339:
1282:
1260:
1116:
1108:
1068:
1024:
997:
982:
864:
836:
in 1246. A Mongol army attacking the southern regions of Transylvania was defeated by voivode
484:
220:
178:
92:
7084:
Stephen WerbĆczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)
5510:
Stephen WerbĆczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)
4133:
3754:
3680:
3384:
3372:
3360:
3334:
3322:
3310:
2730:
2487:
2089:
2029:
1969:
1905:
1236:
1232:
1049:
The barons did not find a compromise candidate to succeed King Louis II who perished in the
993:
955:
833:
805:
438:
328:
285:
489:
463:
17:
4683:
4568:
4352:
3833:
3790:
3708:
1458:
1072:
898:
431:(Turda) had already been documented in 1097, and three burials coin-dated to the reign of
343:
interpreter. Romanian historians maintain that the title, homonymous with the one used in
236:
196:
87:
7446:("History of the Hungarian Judicial System"). Multiplex Media-Debrecen University Press.
4494:
4471:
4435:
4371:
4336:
4261:
4220:
together with Ladislaus Losonci, Jr. (1493â1494); suppressed a rebellion of the SzĂ©kelys
4060:
4048:
3847:
3660:
1792:
1526:
1334:
1028:
872:
632:
628:
600:
7315:
Målyusz, Elemér (1994). "Hungarian nobles of medieval Transylvania". In: Bak, Jånos M.,
7168:
4678:
4610:
4599:
3855:
3851:
3786:
3704:
3498:
3451:
3416:
3376:
3326:
3274:
3187:
3153:
3111:
3092:
3077:
3043:
3013:
2979:
2949:
2917:
2885:
2853:
2819:
2785:
2749:
2715:
2665:
2635:
2605:
2505:
2472:
2457:
2438:
2404:
2374:
2344:
2314:
2284:
2254:
2224:
2194:
2164:
2134:
2104:
2074:
2044:
2014:
1984:
1954:
1920:
1886:
1852:
1737:
1705:
1541:
1135:
716:
604:
516:
468:
340:
316:
300:
296:
212:
132:
82:
4277:
3944:
together with Ladislaus Kanizsai (1459â1461), and with Sebastian Rozgonyi (1459â1460)
1119:. He administered the province until 1556, when Isabella and John Sigismund returned.
7579:
7352:
Cultul suveranului sud-est european Ći cazul ĆąÄrii RomĂąneĆti: O perspectivÄ artisticÄ
4477:
4114:
3934:
3889:
3873:
3798:
3659:(1441â1446), with Emeric Bebek (1446â1448), and with John Rozgonyi (1449â1458); also
3455:
2834:
2209:
2149:
1809:
1556:
844:
837:
739:
686:", first documented in 1278, came into general use. In addition to vice-voivodes and
548:
459:
455:
451:
374:
336:
7163:
4430:
3806:
3774:
3762:
3723:
3692:
3656:
3542:
3494:
3380:
3330:
3306:
3227:
2590:
2419:
2359:
2269:
951:
848:
748:
497:
424:
281:
228:
127:
7151:(in Hungarian). MTA Bölcsészettudomånyi Kutatóközpont Történettudomånyi Intézete.
2521:
579:
3964:
together with Ladislaus Kanizsai (1459â1461), and with John Rozgonyi (1459â1460)
1126:
of 1570, under which he adopted the title of "Prince of Transylvania and Lord of
4295:
3368:
3318:
3223:
2389:
1277:
906:
762:
712:
708:
560:
544:
383:
269:
72:
981:(Oradea) and even resisted King Andrew III who besieged him in the fortress of
482:
The kings exempted some communities from the jurisdiction of the voivodes. The
355:
may indicate that their position had its origin in the office of that county's
7567:
7559:
7551:
7147:
C. TĂłth, Norbert; HorvĂĄth, RichĂĄrd; Neumann, Tibor; PĂĄlosfalvi, TamĂĄs (2016).
4041:
dismissed after rebellious Transylvanian nobles elected them to their leaders
986:
660:
620:
616:
584:
292:
2299:
1084:
1058:
784:
691:
648:
344:
7552:"TRANSYLVANIA IN THE MEDIEVAL HUNGARIAN KINGDOM (896â1526) (LĂĄszlĂł Makkai)"
532:
381:
was issued in 1199. In addition to voivode, royal charters used the titles
2467:
only a non-authentic charter refers to him as voivode, if so, he was also
1265:
his voivode title is documented by the earliest royal charter (from 1199)
7335:
A magyar ĂĄllam fĆmĂ©ltĂłsĂĄgai Szent IstvĂĄntĂłl napjainkig: Ăletrajzi Lexikon
7317:
Nobilities in Central and Eastern Europe: Kinship, Property and Privilege
4602:
4304:
1289:
1255:
1138:
in 1576. At the same time, he conferred the title voivode on his brother
1011:
973:
became the source of new conflicts. First he prevented the canons of the
672:
644:
552:
493:
378:
348:
245:
7319:. Hajnal IstvĂĄn AlapĂtvĂĄny & Medium Aevum Quotidianum Gesellschaft.
5273:
Engel 1996, pp. 11, 272, 295, 299, 325â326, 338, 354, 358, 408â409, 452.
1064:
4656:
last voivode; his title of prince of Transylvania confirmed in 1595 by
3216:
1763:
1127:
809:
612:
599:
During most of the 14th century, the voivodes held the castles at
588:
240:
488:, a royal charter of 1224, placed the territory of the Saxons between
235:
from the 12th century to the 16th century. Appointed by the
3742:
3668:
2526:
930:
668:
664:
640:
528:
395:
3550:
3463:
1608:
he might have been in office in 1218 (Kurt W. Treptow, Marcel Popa)
272:
communities – organized into their own districts or "
7149:
MagyarorszĂĄg vilĂĄgi archontolĂłgiĂĄja, 1458â1526, I. FĆpapok Ă©s bĂĄrĂłk
4102:
second rule; together with Nicholas Csupor of MonoszlĂł (1468â1474)
840:
in 1260. Roland Borsa fought against the invading Mongols in 1285.
331:
origin with a meaning of "commander, lieutenant". Although Emperor
295:
family, ceased to be high-ranking officials. Instead they were the
182:
Changes in the administration of Transylvania between 1300 and 1867
7428:. Romanian Cultural Institute (Center for Transylvanian Studies).
7383:. Romanian Cultural Institute (Center for Transylvanian Studies).
4276:
3222:
3202:
2533:
2532:
2520:
1620:
1100:
1063:
799:
679:
636:
578:
556:
536:
520:
437:
428:
177:
2099:
fourth rule; maybe in 1275 (Kurth W. Treptow, Marcel Popa); also
1122:
John Sigismund ceased to style himself king of Hungary after the
667:(Romos) were the first to be released from this duty in 1206. In
377:
in 1230. The earliest extant document mentioning a voivode named
307:
emerging in the eastern territories of the kingdom. Accordingly,
7208:
The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895â1526
3521:
second rule; together with Peter Cseh of LĂ©va (1436â1437); also
3212:
427:
was first mentioned in a charter of 1227, but a royal castle at
1103:(Tisa), including Transylvania, in the name of her infant son,
2578:
self declared voivode, son of Ladislaus (III) KĂĄn (1295â1314)
389:
4521:
also elected governor of Transylvania on behalf of the minor
327:
The origin of the office is unclear. The title voivode is of
3337:
Counties (1402â1403); a leader of the party supporting King
1079:
King John I accepted Ottoman suzerainty in 1529, but in the
7560:"La Transylvanie dans l'Etat hongrois mĂ©diĂ©val (895â1526)"
3984:
together with his brother, Ladislaus Kanizsai (1459â1461)
832:
of the Aba clan fought in the royal army in a war against
690:
of the Transylvanian counties, the voivodes appointed the
571:
The office of voivode was one of the most important royal
7459:
The History of Transylvania, Vol. II. (From 1541 to 1711)
7241:
The History of Transylvania, Vol. II. (From 1541 to 1711)
435:(1000 or 1001â1038) were unearthed in the same fortress.
351:, suggests a perpetuation of the local ruling tradition.
6155:
6153:
6140:
6138:
6136:
6123:
6121:
6036:
6034:
6032:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6024:
722:
Although limiting his own jurisdiction, in 1342 voivode
339:
around 950, he seems to have adopted the term used by a
6851:
6849:
6847:
6845:
6843:
6841:
6839:
6837:
6835:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4873:
4240:
together with Bartholomew DrĂĄgfi of BĂ©ltek (1493â1498)
3387:
Counties (1402â1403); joined the party supporting King
1446:
second rule; conspired against the king who exiled him
965:
who had just taken over Transylvania with the title of
362:
Two royal charters issued in 1111 and 1113 mention one
7461:. Romanian Academy, Center for Transylvanian Studies.
7243:. Romanian Academy, Center for Transylvanian Studies.
7228:("High Dignitaries in Hungary"). Maecenas Könyvkiadó.
7005:
7003:
6833:
6831:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6823:
6821:
6819:
6817:
6815:
6530:
6528:
6526:
6524:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6516:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6508:
6506:
6504:
6502:
6500:
6498:
6496:
6494:
6492:
6490:
6488:
6486:
6484:
6482:
6480:
6478:
6476:
6474:
6472:
5771:
5769:
7070:
Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio
6470:
6468:
6466:
6464:
6462:
6460:
6458:
6456:
6454:
6452:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6219:
6217:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6209:
6207:
6205:
6203:
6201:
6199:
6197:
4847:
4845:
4837:
Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio
6692:
6690:
6688:
6686:
6684:
6195:
6193:
6191:
6189:
6187:
6185:
6183:
6181:
6179:
6177:
2974:
first rule; son of Stephen Lackfi (1344â1350); also
1005:, a claimant to the Hungarian throne and seized the
7568:"SiebenbĂŒrgen im mittalterlichen Königreich Ungarn"
6566:
6564:
4376:left John ZĂĄpolya's party and became a partisan of
4082:together with John PongrĂĄc of Dengeleg (1468â1472)
1468:first voivode receiving land grant in Transylvania
7193:MagyarorszĂĄg vilĂĄgi archontolĂłgiĂĄja, 1301â1457, I.
7167:
6789:
6787:
6785:
6736:
6734:
6732:
6730:
6728:
6726:
6724:
6722:
6720:
6718:
6674:
6672:
6670:
6668:
6666:
6664:
6662:
6660:
6593:
6591:
6589:
6587:
6585:
6562:
6560:
6558:
6556:
6554:
6552:
6550:
6548:
6546:
6544:
6442:
6440:
6438:
6436:
4867:, Edit. âGeorge BariÈiuâ, Cluj-Napoca, 1997, p.452
1373:according to a non-authentic charter also in 1202
824:Military functions are attested, for instance, by
7518:The History of Transylvania, Vol. I. (Until 1541)
7411:East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000â1500
6948:
6946:
6650:
6648:
6646:
6644:
6642:
6640:
6638:
6636:
6634:
6632:
6408:
6406:
6404:
6402:
6400:
6398:
6396:
6394:
6392:
6390:
6388:
6386:
6384:
6382:
6380:
6378:
6275:
6273:
6271:
6269:
6267:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6259:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4743:
3813:Counties (1445â1446), and regent-governor of the
563:(Beszterce, BistriÈa) received immunity in 1366.
7275:("Feudal Anarchy in Hungary"). Akadémiai Kiadó.
7256:The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad
7170:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500â1250
6879:
6877:
6875:
6873:
6871:
6869:
6867:
6865:
6630:
6628:
6626:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6618:
6616:
6614:
6612:
6376:
6374:
6372:
6370:
6368:
6366:
6364:
6362:
6360:
6358:
6257:
6255:
6253:
6251:
6249:
6247:
6245:
6243:
6241:
6239:
5990:
5988:
4741:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4725:
4723:
2600:second rule; unable to take up his office; also
1762:second rule; died fighting against the invading
6805:
6803:
6801:
6799:
6327:
6325:
6323:
6321:
6319:
5864:
5862:
5409:
5407:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5178:
5176:
5109:
5107:
5070:
5068:
5058:
5056:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4440:conspired against the king, who imprisoned him
4287:
1115:voivodes appointed by the monarch, ending with
847:invasion of Transylvania in 1420. In contrast,
745:
682:of a voivode dates from 1221. Later the title "
243: – themselves also the heads or
7492:MagyarorszĂĄg vilĂĄgi archontolĂłgiĂĄja, 1000â1301
7396:Nobility, Land and Service in Medieval Hungary
6317:
6315:
6313:
6311:
6309:
6307:
6305:
6303:
6301:
6299:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5808:
5313:
5311:
5287:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5132:
5130:
5128:
1099:, to retain the territories east of the river
496:(Baraolt) under the authority of the Count of
6900:
6898:
6766:
6764:
6762:
6752:
6750:
6748:
6746:
6708:
6706:
6704:
6702:
6339:
6337:
6289:
6287:
6285:
5939:
5937:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5636:
5634:
5632:
5560:
5558:
5556:
5554:
5552:
5550:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5370:
5368:
5366:
5301:
5299:
5297:
5251:
5249:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4916:
543:granted immunity to the Saxon communities of
159:
8:
7472:Treptow, Kurt W. & Popa, Marcel (1996).
5496:
5494:
5492:
5470:
5468:
5444:
5442:
5440:
4805:
4803:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4763:
2844:brother of Stephen Lackfi (1344â1350); also
1490:brother of Gertrud, Andrew II's queen; also
253: – were the superiors of the
4823:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4124:leader of Hungarian reinforcements sent to
3211:in the Church of St. John of Capistrano at
1015:independently until his death in 1315. His
812:), a fortress of the voivodes from 1321 to
335:wrote of the voivodes or chieftains of the
27:Official in Transylvania, 12thâ16th century
5592:
5590:
5588:
5531:
5529:
5527:
5482:
5480:
5430:
5428:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5022:
4894:
4892:
3577:together with Ladislaus CsĂĄki (1426â1437)
1205:, but maybe only a distinguished nobleman
843:Voivode Nicholas CsĂĄki failed to repel an
755:; and that of a judicial seat, by fifty."
166:
152:
36:
4865:Istoria RomĂąniei. Transilvania, Volumul I
3391:'s claim to the Hungarian throne in 1403
3341:'s claim to the Hungarian throne in 1403
875:(Szapolyai), the last voivode before the
591:), held by the voivodes between 1324 and
7586:Barons of the realm (Kingdom of Hungary)
4310:
3233:
2940:son of Stephen Lackfi (1344â1350); also
2908:son of Stephen Lackfi (1344â1350); also
2876:son of Stephen Lackfi (1344â1350); also
2542:
1308:
1159:
1045:Principality of Transylvania (1570â1711)
7273:A feudålis széttagolódås Magyarorszågon
4719:
3854:(1446â1448); died fighting against the
44:
4262:Counts Sigismund and John Szentgyörgyi
227:) was the highest-ranking official in
7130:. AkadĂ©miai KiadĂł. pp. 109â177.
7111:. AkadĂ©miai KiadĂł. pp. 247â300.
7039:
7027:
6159:
6144:
6127:
6103:
6091:
6070:
6040:
6015:
6003:
5979:
5751:
5623:
5004:
4983:
4907:
4883:
4325:
4322:
4316:
3248:
3245:
3239:
2557:
2554:
2548:
1323:
1320:
1314:
1174:
1171:
1165:
1083:of 1538 he conceded the right of the
7:
7528:(Center for Transylvanian Studies).
7444:A magyar bĂrĂłsĂĄgi rendszer törtĂ©nete
7369:. Center for Transylvanian Studies.
5170:KristĂł 2003, pp. 156â157., 182.
4851:
4319:
4313:
3601:left Ladislaus V's party and became
3242:
3236:
2551:
2545:
1317:
1311:
1168:
1162:
883:was also killed on the battlefield.
871:) on October 13, 1479. By contrast,
731:. Furthermore, the monarchs granted
4709:List of chancellors of Transylvania
2270:Nicholas of the Pok clan (Meggyesi)
989:(SÄlard) for three months in 1294.
7413:. University of Washington Press.
4033:Bertold Ellerbach of Monyorókerék
3545:County (1433â1437); routed by the
909:(Maros) were confiscated in 1228.
751:, amounting to the same number of
25:
450:of the Transylvanian counties of
7474:Historical Dictionary of Romania
5922:SÄlÄgean 2005, pp. 186â187.
5847:SÄlÄgean 2005, pp. 175â176.
4392:Stephen (VIII) BĂĄthory of SomlyĂł
509:Mongol invasion of 1241 and 1242
333:Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos
56:
4699:Transylvania in the Middle Ages
4525:, the elected king (1543â1551)
4468:Stephen MajlĂĄth of Szunyogszeg
3737:(1441â1458); also commander of
2488:Ladislaus (III) of the KĂĄn clan
2317:(1278â1280); captured the king
1128:parts of the Kingdom of Hungary
1029:John and Sigismund Szentgyörgyi
7426:History of Romania: Compendium
7381:History of Romania: Compendium
7174:. Cambridge University Press.
4704:List of rulers of Transylvania
2776:, the monarch's brother; also
2572:Ladislaus (IV) of the KĂĄn clan
2180:Ladislaus (II) of the KĂĄn clan
1872:Ladislaus (II) of the KĂĄn clan
1578:Ipoch of the BogĂĄtradvĂĄny clan
1071:, last voivode appointed by a
996:went even further by usurping
1:
7287:Early Transylvania (895â1324)
7258:. Brill Academic Publishers,
6997:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 287â288.
6988:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 290â291.
6970:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 283â285.
6961:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 288â289.
6922:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 291â292.
6892:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 282â283.
5931:SÄlÄgean 2005, pp. 187., 188.
5913:Engel 2001, pp. 129â130.
5784:Engel 1996, pp. 132â133.
5715:Engel 1996, pp. 370â371.
5401:Engel 2001, pp. 151â152.
4694:Palatine (Kingdom of Hungary)
4567:last voivodes appointed by a
4212:Bartholomew DrĂĄgfi of BĂ©ltek
3850:(1446â1448) and judge of the
2774:Stephen, duke of Transylvania
1889:(1263â1264); the king's son,
777:Three Nations of Transylvania
311:, the voivode elected by the
7224:FallenbĂŒchl, ZoltĂĄn (1988).
5016:KristĂł 2003, pp. 90â92.
4674:Vice-voivode of Transylvania
4188:Stephen (V) BĂĄthory of Ecsed
4074:Nicholas Csupor of MonoszlĂł
4049:Count Sigismund Szentgyörgyi
3029:Stephen Lackfi of CsĂĄktornya
2965:Stephen Lackfi of CsĂĄktornya
2090:Nicholas of the Geregye clan
2030:Nicholas of the Geregye clan
1970:Nicholas of the Geregye clan
1906:Nicholas of the Geregye clan
1095:permitted the king's widow,
551:(Kisselyk, Ćeica MicÄ), and
515:exempted the inhabitants of
7526:Romanian Cultural Institute
6678:Engel 1996, pp. 11â12.
6597:Zsoldos 2011, pp. 40., 209.
6570:Zsoldos 2011, pp. 39., 209.
6446:Zsoldos 2011, pp. 38., 209.
5614:Rady 2000, pp. 147, 152â153
5216:KristĂł 2003, pp. 125., 234.
1459:Michael of the Kacsics clan
1416:Smaragd of the Smaragd clan
1069:Baron IstvĂĄn DobĂł of Ruszka
887:Monarchs and their voivodes
278:Voivodeship of Transylvania
18:Voivodeship of Transylvania
7607:
7350:NegrÄu, Elisabeta (2011).
7210:. I.B. Tauris Publishers.
6952:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 278., 293.
6931:MarkĂł 2000, pp. 291., 294.
6696:Engel 1996, pp. 182., 383.
4491:Emeric Balassa of Gyarmat
3880:first rule; together with
3655:first rule; together with
2801:Nicholas Kont of Orahovica
1820:banus quondam Transiluanus
1222:Leustach of the RĂĄtĂłt clan
1061:, by the end of the year.
1038:
949:
492:(SzĂĄszvĂĄros, OrÄÈtie) and
411:
29:
7226:MagyarorszĂĄg fĆmĂ©ltĂłsĂĄgai
6606:Engel 1996, pp. 11., 200.
6352:Engel 2001, pp. 90., 381.
6171:Engel 2001, pp. 35., 381.
4572:
4566:
4561:
4551:
4252:Count Peter Szentgyörgyi
4148:John PongrĂĄc of Dengeleg
4094:John PongrĂĄc of Dengeleg
4052:
4035:
4027:
4013:John PongrĂĄc of Dengeleg
3990:
3626:
3624:
3619:
3611:
3421:
3410:
3405:
3397:
3291:
3283:
1557:Simon of the Kacsics clan
1088:rebellion in some weeks.
1041:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
946:Cooperation and conflicts
892:Appointment and dismissal
123:Master of the doorkeepers
7591:Voivodes of Transylvania
7490:Zsoldos, Attila (2011).
7476:. Scarecrow Press, Inc.
7409:Sedlar, Jean W. (1994).
7365:Pop, Ioan-Aurel (1996).
7254:Jefferson, John (2012).
7042:, pp. 263, 294â295.
6793:Engel 1996, pp. 11., 14.
6740:Engel 1996, pp. 11., 13.
4757:FallenbĂŒchl 1988, p. 77.
4689:Governor of Transylvania
4537:Andrew BĂĄthory of Ecsed
3537:County (1430â1437), and
2676:County (1330â1342), and
2500:independent ruler; also
2420:Roland of the Borsa clan
2360:Roland of the Borsa clan
2240:Matthew of the CsĂĄk clan
2120:Matthew of the CsĂĄk clan
2060:Matthew of the CsĂĄk clan
1940:Matthew of the CsĂĄk clan
1927:is duke of Transylvania
1893:is duke of Transylvania
1859:is duke of Transylvania
1855:(1261); the king's son,
1685:Julius of the RĂĄtĂłt clan
1203:"princeps Ultrasilvanus"
1147:(also king of Hungary).
781:peasants' revolt of 1437
367:"princeps Ultrasilvanus"
201:Vojwode von SiebenbĂŒrgen
113:Master of the cupbearers
7442:Stipta, IstvĂĄn (1997).
7302:History of Transylvania
7128:History of Transylvania
7109:History of Transylvania
6855:Treptow, Popa 1996, p.
6534:Treptow, Popa 1996, p.
6229:Treptow, Popa 1996, p.
4797:Jefferson 2012, p. 142.
4232:Ladislaus Losonci, Jr.
4168:Peter Geréb of Vingårt
4061:Count John Szentgyörgyi
1706:Denis of the TĂŒrje clan
1437:Benedict, son of KorlĂĄt
1386:Benedict, son of KorlĂĄt
1278:Eth of the Geregye clan
1241:Battle of Myriokephalon
779:". The threat from the
653:bishops of Transylvania
547:(Berethalom, Biertan),
479:between 1321 and 1412.
225:voievodul Transilvaniei
188:Voivode of Transylvania
133:IspĂĄn of Pozsony County
78:Voivode of Transylvania
45:Great Officers of State
7333:MarkĂł, LĂĄszlĂł (2000).
7285:KristĂł, Gyula (2003).
7271:KristĂł, Gyula (1979).
5904:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 186.
5886:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 185.
5877:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 183.
5868:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 179.
5838:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 175.
5544:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 182.
5383:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 178.
5318:Vistai, AndrĂĄs JĂĄnos,
5183:Vistai, AndrĂĄs JĂĄnos,
5137:Vistai, AndrĂĄs JĂĄnos,
5074:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 177.
4956:SÄlÄgean 2005, p. 176.
4609:after his election as
4607:prince of Transylvania
4291:
4284:
3896:Counties (1449â1454),
3801:Counties (1444â1446),
3777:Counties (1443â1446),
3765:Counties (1441â1446),
3695:Counties (1441â1446),
3231:
3220:
3059:Ladislaus Losonci, Sr.
2995:Ladislaus Losonci, Sr.
2764:Thomas GönyƱi or Csór
2540:
2530:
2330:Stephen, son of Tekesh
2210:Ugrin of the CsĂĄk clan
2150:Ugrin of the CsĂĄk clan
1835:CsĂĄk of the HahĂłt clan
1810:Ernye of the Ăkos clan
1727:Andrew, son of Serafin
1527:Julius of the KĂĄn clan
1335:Julius of the KĂĄn clan
1076:
868:
860:
838:Ernye of the Ăkos clan
817:
757:
596:
567:Honour of the voivodes
443:
224:
217:voivoda Transsylvaniae
216:
208:
200:
183:
118:Master of the stewards
103:Master of the treasury
32:Prince of Transylvania
7394:Rady, Martyn (2000).
7051:Szegedi 2009, p. 101.
5050:Zsoldos 2011, p. 209.
4598:and confirmed by the
4280:
3898:count of the Székelys
3747:count of the Székelys
3673:count of the Székelys
3501:Counties (1415â1426)
3426:James Lack of SzĂĄntĂł
3226:
3206:
3190:Counties (1395â1401)
3156:Counties (1393â1395)
2952:Counties (1369â1372)
2920:Counties (1367â1368)
2900:Nicholas Lackfi, Jr.
2888:Counties (1359â1367)
2856:Counties (1356â1359)
2822:Counties (1351â1356)
2788:Counties (1350â1351)
2752:Counties (1344â1350)
2718:Counties (1342â1344)
2536:
2524:
2458:Mojs of the Ăkos clan
2300:Finta of the Aba clan
1492:archbishop of Kalocsa
1067:
1039:Further information:
1007:Holy Crown of Hungary
950:Further information:
803:
587:(Cetatea Cohalmului,
582:
502:Count of the Székelys
441:
414:Count of the Székelys
181:
128:IspĂĄn of Temes County
98:Count of the Székelys
7030:, pp. 260, 263.
6430:Makkai 1994, p. 195.
6331:Zsoldos 2011, p. 37.
6115:Felezeu 2009, p. 25.
6082:Felezeu 2009, p. 22.
6061:Felezeu 2009, p. 19.
6052:Felezeu 2009, p. 20.
5961:Makkai 1994, p. 228.
5943:KristĂł 2003, p. 232.
5895:KristĂł 2003, p. 228.
5793:Makkai 1994, p. 205.
5775:Makkai 1994, p. 204.
5763:Makkai 1994, p. 201.
5742:KristĂł 2003, p. 223.
5733:Sedlar 1994, p. 398.
5706:Makkai 1994, p. 229.
5697:Sedlar 1994, p. 247.
5679:Makkai 1994, p. 224.
5661:KristĂł 2003, p. 168.
5652:Zsoldos 2011, p. 38.
5573:Makkai 1994, p. 226.
5564:Makkai 1994, p. 223.
5521:KristĂł 2003, p. 220.
5474:Makkai 1994, p. 207.
5462:MĂĄlyusz 1994, p. 39.
5374:KristĂł 2003, p. 222.
5360:KristĂł 2003, p. 183.
5351:KristĂł 2003, p. 182.
5305:KristĂł 2003, p. 234.
5255:Makkai 1994, p. 200.
5225:Makkai 1994, p. 183.
5122:KristĂł 2003, p. 133.
5101:Sedlar 1994, p. 279.
5092:Makkai 1994, p. 180.
4809:Sedlar 1994, p. 275.
4779:Zsoldos 2011, p. 36.
3703:County (1444â1446),
3605:'s partisan in 1441
3529:County (1426â1437),
2525:Coat-of-arms of the
2390:Apor of the PĂ©c clan
1753:Pousa, son of SĂłlyom
1663:Pousa, son of SĂłlyom
1017:son of the same name
627:(Cetatea de BaltÄ),
541:Charles I of Hungary
433:Stephen I of Hungary
7304:. Akadémiai Kiadó.
7206:Engel, PĂĄl (2001).
7191:Engel, PĂĄl (1996).
7018:MarkĂł 2000, p. 256.
7009:MarkĂł 2000, p. 282.
6979:MarkĂł 2000, p. 278.
6940:MarkĂł 2000, p. 285.
6913:MarkĂł 2000, p. 275.
6904:MarkĂł 2000, p. 286.
6883:Engel 2001, p. 384.
6779:MarkĂł 2000, p. 289.
6770:MarkĂł 2000, p. 284.
6756:MarkĂł 2000, p. 288.
6712:MarkĂł 2000, p. 287.
6654:Engel 2001, p. 383.
6579:MarkĂł 2000, p. 207.
6421:MarkĂł 2000, p. 254.
6412:Engel 2001, p. 382.
6343:MarkĂł 2000, p. 283.
6293:MarkĂł 2000, p. 291.
6279:Engel 2001, p. 381.
6106:, pp. 259â260.
5994:Engel 2001, p. 371.
5970:Engel 2001, p. 302.
5952:Engel 2001, p. 133.
5856:Engel 1996, p. 106.
5829:Engel 2001, p. 283.
5802:Engel 1996, p. 182.
5724:Engel 1996, p. 371.
5605:MĂĄlyus 1994, p. 29.
5582:Engel 1996, p. 299.
5500:Stipta 1997, p. 52.
5448:Stipta 1997, p. 51.
5413:Engel 2001, p. 152.
5264:Engel 1996, p. 348.
5243:Engel 2001, p. 151.
5113:Engel 2001, p. 115.
5062:Engel 2001, p. 144.
5041:Engel 1996, p. 246.
4995:KristĂł 2003, p. 90.
4986:, pp. 355â356.
4965:KristĂł 1979, p. 110
4934:KristĂł 2003, p. 98.
4827:KristĂł 2003, p. 97.
4788:NegrÄu 2011, p. 92.
4626:Christopher BĂĄthory
4605:; declared himself
3956:Sebastian Rozgonyi
3589:Desiderius Losonci
3565:Peter Cseh of LĂ©va
3437:Stibor of Stiboricz
3389:Ladislaus of Naples
3339:Ladislaus of Naples
3169:Stibor of Stiboricz
2538:Stibor of Stiboricz
2475:in the same period
1845:banus Transilvanus;
1481:Berthold of Merania
1081:Treaty of NagyvĂĄrad
881:Louis II of Hungary
671:(VinĆŁu de Jos) and
611:(Ciceu-MihÄieĆti),
559:(Radna, Rodna) and
108:Master of the horse
40:Part of a series on
6809:Engel 1996, p. 14.
5820:Engel 1996, p. 15.
5512:(3.3.10.), p. 381.
5422:Rady 2000, p. 110.
5392:Rady 2000, p. 116.
5291:Engel 1996, p. 11.
5083:Engel 1996, p. 97.
4839:(ch. 38.), p. 171.
4285:
4130:prince of Moldavia
3976:Nicholas Kanizsai
3913:Ladislaus Kanizsai
3884:(1441â1458); also
3842:(1441â1458); also
3815:Kingdom of Hungary
3547:rebelling peasants
3485:second rule; also
3446:second rule; also
3232:
3221:
3072:second rule; also
3038:second rule; also
2541:
2531:
2517:Fourteenth century
2433:second rule; also
2249:fourth rule; also
2219:second rule; also
2189:second rule; also
2069:second rule; also
1979:second rule; also
1642:Paul, son of Peter
1536:second rule; also
1305:Thirteenth century
1077:
992:Borsa's successor
818:
796:Military functions
729:Louis I of Hungary
699:Judicial functions
597:
513:BĂ©la IV of Hungary
444:
233:Kingdom of Hungary
184:
142:Kingdom of Hungary
50:Kingdom of Hungary
7500:978-963-9627-38-3
7467:978-973-7784-43-8
7434:978-973-7784-12-4
7389:978-973-7784-12-4
7360:978-973-166-274-9
7289:. Lucidus KiadĂł.
7264:978-90-04-21904-5
7249:978-973-7784-43-8
7181:978-0-521-89452-4
7157:978-963-4160-35-9
7100:Secondary sources
5688:Pop 2005, p. 261.
5670:Pop 2005, p. 258.
5596:Pop 2005, p. 246.
5535:Pop 2005, p. 230.
5486:Pop 2005, p. 244.
5434:Rady 2000, p. 69.
5032:Pop 2005, p. 227.
4898:Rady 2000, p. 18.
4665:
4664:
4647:Sigismund BĂĄthory
4512:George Martinuzzi
4273:Sixteenth century
4270:
4269:
4126:Stephen the Great
3707:(1445â1446), and
3663:and commander of
3348:Nicholas Marcali
3297:first rule; also
3199:Fifteenth century
3196:
3195:
3178:first rule; also
3008:first rule; also
2591:Nicholas Meggyesi
2514:
2513:
2483:1295â1314 or 1315
2369:first rule; also
2279:first rule; also
2159:first rule; also
2129:third rule; also
2039:third rule; also
1949:first rule; also
1915:first rule; also
1881:first rule; also
1344:first rule; also
1302:
1301:
1130:". His successor
1109:George Martinuzzi
1057:, a scion of the
1035:End of the office
1025:Matthias Corvinus
998:royal prerogative
485:Diploma Andreanum
303:suzerainty, of a
299:, although under
261:in the province.
257:of all the other
176:
175:
16:(Redirected from
7598:
7566:
7558:
7539:
7523:
7489:
7441:
7349:
7332:
7270:
7223:
7190:
7185:
7173:
7146:
7141:
7122:
7052:
7049:
7043:
7037:
7031:
7025:
7019:
7016:
7010:
7007:
6998:
6995:
6989:
6986:
6980:
6977:
6971:
6968:
6962:
6959:
6953:
6950:
6941:
6938:
6932:
6929:
6923:
6920:
6914:
6911:
6905:
6902:
6893:
6890:
6884:
6881:
6860:
6853:
6810:
6807:
6794:
6791:
6780:
6777:
6771:
6768:
6757:
6754:
6741:
6738:
6713:
6710:
6697:
6694:
6679:
6676:
6655:
6652:
6607:
6604:
6598:
6595:
6580:
6577:
6571:
6568:
6539:
6532:
6447:
6444:
6431:
6428:
6422:
6419:
6413:
6410:
6353:
6350:
6344:
6341:
6332:
6329:
6294:
6291:
6280:
6277:
6234:
6227:
6172:
6169:
6163:
6157:
6148:
6142:
6131:
6125:
6116:
6113:
6107:
6101:
6095:
6089:
6083:
6080:
6074:
6068:
6062:
6059:
6053:
6050:
6044:
6038:
6019:
6013:
6007:
6001:
5995:
5992:
5983:
5977:
5971:
5968:
5962:
5959:
5953:
5950:
5944:
5941:
5932:
5929:
5923:
5920:
5914:
5911:
5905:
5902:
5896:
5893:
5887:
5884:
5878:
5875:
5869:
5866:
5857:
5854:
5848:
5845:
5839:
5836:
5830:
5827:
5821:
5818:
5803:
5800:
5794:
5791:
5785:
5782:
5776:
5773:
5764:
5761:
5755:
5749:
5743:
5740:
5734:
5731:
5725:
5722:
5716:
5713:
5707:
5704:
5698:
5695:
5689:
5686:
5680:
5677:
5671:
5668:
5662:
5659:
5653:
5650:
5627:
5621:
5615:
5612:
5606:
5603:
5597:
5594:
5583:
5580:
5574:
5571:
5565:
5562:
5545:
5542:
5536:
5533:
5522:
5519:
5513:
5507:
5501:
5498:
5487:
5484:
5475:
5472:
5463:
5460:
5449:
5446:
5435:
5432:
5423:
5420:
5414:
5411:
5402:
5399:
5393:
5390:
5384:
5381:
5375:
5372:
5361:
5358:
5352:
5349:
5343:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5333:
5327:, archived from
5326:
5315:
5306:
5303:
5292:
5289:
5274:
5271:
5265:
5262:
5256:
5253:
5244:
5241:
5226:
5223:
5217:
5214:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5198:
5192:, archived from
5191:
5180:
5171:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5158:
5152:
5146:, archived from
5145:
5134:
5123:
5120:
5114:
5111:
5102:
5099:
5093:
5090:
5084:
5081:
5075:
5072:
5063:
5060:
5051:
5048:
5042:
5039:
5033:
5030:
5017:
5014:
5008:
5002:
4996:
4993:
4987:
4981:
4975:
4974:Pop 1996, p. 143
4972:
4966:
4963:
4957:
4954:
4935:
4932:
4911:
4905:
4899:
4896:
4887:
4881:
4868:
4863:Ioan Aurel Pop:
4861:
4855:
4849:
4840:
4834:
4828:
4825:
4810:
4807:
4798:
4795:
4789:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4758:
4755:
4311:
4307:
4134:Battle of Vaslui
3860:battle of Kosovo
3617:Ladislaus Jakcs
3513:Ladislaus CsĂĄki
3234:
2697:Nicholas Sirokai
2651:Thomas Szécsényi
2543:
1309:
1233:Byzantine Empire
1160:
1151:List of voivodes
1124:Treaty of Speyer
1051:battle of MohĂĄcs
938:in 1441 by King
921:(1272â1290) and
877:battle of MohĂĄcs
767:
724:Thomas Szécsényi
337:Hungarian tribes
305:new principality
195:
168:
161:
154:
60:
37:
21:
7606:
7605:
7601:
7600:
7599:
7597:
7596:
7595:
7576:
7575:
7572:
7564:
7556:
7547:
7542:
7536:
7521:
7514:
7510:
7508:Further reading
7505:
7487:
7439:
7347:
7330:
7268:
7221:
7188:
7182:
7162:
7144:
7138:
7125:
7119:
7106:
7102:
7097:
7065:
7063:Primary sources
7060:
7055:
7050:
7046:
7038:
7034:
7026:
7022:
7017:
7013:
7008:
7001:
6996:
6992:
6987:
6983:
6978:
6974:
6969:
6965:
6960:
6956:
6951:
6944:
6939:
6935:
6930:
6926:
6921:
6917:
6912:
6908:
6903:
6896:
6891:
6887:
6882:
6863:
6854:
6813:
6808:
6797:
6792:
6783:
6778:
6774:
6769:
6760:
6755:
6744:
6739:
6716:
6711:
6700:
6695:
6682:
6677:
6658:
6653:
6610:
6605:
6601:
6596:
6583:
6578:
6574:
6569:
6542:
6533:
6450:
6445:
6434:
6429:
6425:
6420:
6416:
6411:
6356:
6351:
6347:
6342:
6335:
6330:
6297:
6292:
6283:
6278:
6237:
6228:
6175:
6170:
6166:
6158:
6151:
6143:
6134:
6126:
6119:
6114:
6110:
6102:
6098:
6090:
6086:
6081:
6077:
6069:
6065:
6060:
6056:
6051:
6047:
6039:
6022:
6014:
6010:
6002:
5998:
5993:
5986:
5978:
5974:
5969:
5965:
5960:
5956:
5951:
5947:
5942:
5935:
5930:
5926:
5921:
5917:
5912:
5908:
5903:
5899:
5894:
5890:
5885:
5881:
5876:
5872:
5867:
5860:
5855:
5851:
5846:
5842:
5837:
5833:
5828:
5824:
5819:
5806:
5801:
5797:
5792:
5788:
5783:
5779:
5774:
5767:
5762:
5758:
5750:
5746:
5741:
5737:
5732:
5728:
5723:
5719:
5714:
5710:
5705:
5701:
5696:
5692:
5687:
5683:
5678:
5674:
5669:
5665:
5660:
5656:
5651:
5630:
5622:
5618:
5613:
5609:
5604:
5600:
5595:
5586:
5581:
5577:
5572:
5568:
5563:
5548:
5543:
5539:
5534:
5525:
5520:
5516:
5508:
5504:
5499:
5490:
5485:
5478:
5473:
5466:
5461:
5452:
5447:
5438:
5433:
5426:
5421:
5417:
5412:
5405:
5400:
5396:
5391:
5387:
5382:
5378:
5373:
5364:
5359:
5355:
5350:
5346:
5337:
5335:
5334:on 10 July 2011
5331:
5324:
5317:
5316:
5309:
5304:
5295:
5290:
5277:
5272:
5268:
5263:
5259:
5254:
5247:
5242:
5229:
5224:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5202:
5200:
5199:on 10 July 2011
5196:
5189:
5182:
5181:
5174:
5169:
5165:
5156:
5154:
5153:on 10 July 2011
5150:
5143:
5136:
5135:
5126:
5121:
5117:
5112:
5105:
5100:
5096:
5091:
5087:
5082:
5078:
5073:
5066:
5061:
5054:
5049:
5045:
5040:
5036:
5031:
5020:
5015:
5011:
5003:
4999:
4994:
4990:
4982:
4978:
4973:
4969:
4964:
4960:
4955:
4938:
4933:
4914:
4906:
4902:
4897:
4890:
4882:
4871:
4862:
4858:
4850:
4843:
4835:
4831:
4826:
4813:
4808:
4801:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4783:
4778:
4761:
4756:
4721:
4717:
4684:Ban of Slavonia
4670:
4658:Emperor Rudolph
4652:Stephen BĂĄthory
4631:Stephen BĂĄthory
4594:elected by the
4588:Stephen BĂĄthory
4569:king of Hungary
4353:king of Hungary
4309:
4301:Stephen BĂĄthory
4293:
4282:Stephen BĂĄthory
4275:
3997:Nicholas Ăjlaki
3882:Nicholas Ăjlaki
3840:Nicholas Ăjlaki
3834:Diet of Hungary
3832:elected by the
3745:) (1441â1446),
3735:Nicholas Ăjlaki
3709:ban of Slavonia
3671:) (1441â1458),
3642:Nicholas Ăjlaki
3477:Nicholas CsĂĄki
3289:Nicholas CsĂĄki
3260:Simon Szécsényi
3230:on an engraving
3209:Nicholas Ăjlaki
3201:
3127:Frank Szécsényi
2621:DĂłzsa Debreceni
2519:
1307:
1158:
1156:Twelfth century
1153:
1145:Emperor Rudolph
1132:Stephen BĂĄthory
1073:king of Hungary
1059:Habsburg family
1047:
1037:
1003:Otto of Bavaria
979:bishop of VĂĄrad
958:
948:
936:Nicholas Ăjlaki
894:
889:
808:(Cetatea Deva,
798:
769:
759:
703:Along with the
701:
569:
416:
410:
405:
325:
309:Stephen BĂĄthory
191:
172:
88:Ban of Slavonia
48:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7604:
7602:
7594:
7593:
7588:
7578:
7577:
7571:
7570:
7562:
7554:
7548:
7546:
7545:External links
7543:
7541:
7540:
7534:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7503:
7488:(in Hungarian)
7485:
7470:
7455:
7440:(in Hungarian)
7437:
7422:
7407:
7392:
7377:
7363:
7345:
7331:(in Hungarian)
7328:
7313:
7298:
7283:
7269:(in Hungarian)
7266:
7252:
7237:
7222:(in Hungarian)
7219:
7204:
7189:(in Hungarian)
7186:
7180:
7160:
7145:(in Hungarian)
7142:
7136:
7123:
7117:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7095:
7081:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7053:
7044:
7032:
7020:
7011:
6999:
6990:
6981:
6972:
6963:
6954:
6942:
6933:
6924:
6915:
6906:
6894:
6885:
6861:
6811:
6795:
6781:
6772:
6758:
6742:
6714:
6698:
6680:
6656:
6608:
6599:
6581:
6572:
6540:
6448:
6432:
6423:
6414:
6354:
6345:
6333:
6295:
6281:
6235:
6173:
6164:
6162:, p. 294.
6149:
6147:, p. 263.
6132:
6130:, p. 260.
6117:
6108:
6096:
6094:, p. 259.
6084:
6075:
6073:, p. 256.
6063:
6054:
6045:
6043:, p. 253.
6020:
6018:, p. 252.
6008:
6006:, p. 251.
5996:
5984:
5982:, p. 247.
5972:
5963:
5954:
5945:
5933:
5924:
5915:
5906:
5897:
5888:
5879:
5870:
5858:
5849:
5840:
5831:
5822:
5804:
5795:
5786:
5777:
5765:
5756:
5754:, p. 400.
5744:
5735:
5726:
5717:
5708:
5699:
5690:
5681:
5672:
5663:
5654:
5628:
5626:, p. 411.
5616:
5607:
5598:
5584:
5575:
5566:
5546:
5537:
5523:
5514:
5502:
5488:
5476:
5464:
5450:
5436:
5424:
5415:
5403:
5394:
5385:
5376:
5362:
5353:
5344:
5307:
5293:
5275:
5266:
5257:
5245:
5227:
5218:
5209:
5172:
5163:
5124:
5115:
5103:
5094:
5085:
5076:
5064:
5052:
5043:
5034:
5018:
5009:
5007:, p. 356.
4997:
4988:
4976:
4967:
4958:
4936:
4912:
4910:, p. 354.
4900:
4888:
4886:, p. 355.
4869:
4856:
4854:, p. 153.
4841:
4829:
4811:
4799:
4790:
4781:
4759:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4679:Ban of Croatia
4676:
4669:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4611:king of Poland
4600:Ottoman Sultan
4592:
4590:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4577:Francis Kendi
4574:
4573:
4571:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4538:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4523:John Sigismund
4519:
4514:
4509:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4492:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4474:
4469:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4452:Emeric Czibak
4450:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4349:
4340:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4286:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4258:
4253:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4233:
4230:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4213:
4210:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4199:
4190:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4169:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4149:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4095:
4092:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4075:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4034:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3977:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3957:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3878:
3876:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3858:in the second
3838:together with
3836:
3830:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3739:Nåndorfehérvår
3733:together with
3731:
3726:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3705:ban of Severin
3665:Nåndorfehérvår
3653:
3644:
3639:
3633:
3632:
3631:Michael Jakcs
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3618:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3599:
3590:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3566:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3483:
3478:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3462:, Lord of all
3452:Szolnok County
3444:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3417:Szolnok County
3409:
3404:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3349:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3295:
3290:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3275:Szolnok County
3267:
3262:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3207:Gravestone of
3200:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3138:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3112:Szolnok County
3104:
3095:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3078:Szolnok County
3070:
3061:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3044:Szolnok County
3036:
3031:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3014:Szolnok County
3006:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2980:Szolnok County
2972:
2967:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2938:
2933:
2932:Emeric Lackfi
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2906:
2901:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2874:
2869:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2770:
2765:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2738:
2733:
2731:Stephen Lackfi
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2684:County (1330)
2666:Szolnok County
2658:
2653:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2636:Szolnok County
2628:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2606:Szolnok County
2598:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2569:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2506:Szolnok County
2495:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2473:Szolnok County
2465:
2460:
2455:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2439:Szolnok County
2431:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2405:Szolnok County
2397:
2392:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2375:Szolnok County
2367:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2345:Szolnok County
2337:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2315:Szolnok County
2307:
2302:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2285:Szolnok County
2277:
2272:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2255:Szolnok County
2247:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2225:Szolnok County
2217:
2212:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2195:Szolnok County
2187:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2165:Szolnok County
2157:
2152:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2135:Szolnok County
2127:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2105:Szolnok County
2097:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2075:Szolnok County
2067:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2045:Szolnok County
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2015:Szolnok County
2007:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1985:Szolnok County
1977:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1955:Szolnok County
1947:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1921:Szolnok County
1913:
1908:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1887:Szolnok County
1879:
1874:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1853:Szolnok County
1842:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1738:Pozsony County
1736:also ispĂĄn of
1734:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1542:Szolnok County
1534:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1388:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1136:king of Poland
1105:John Sigismund
1097:Queen Isabella
1036:
1033:
947:
944:
893:
890:
888:
885:
797:
794:
744:
717:Marosszentimre
700:
697:
647:(BonÈida) and
585:KĆhalom Castle
568:
565:
539:(ZalÄu). King
527:(Alba Iulia),
507:Following the
475:of the nearby
469:Szolnok County
409:
406:
404:
401:
371:Leustach RĂĄtĂłt
324:
321:
317:King of Poland
297:heads of state
174:
173:
171:
170:
163:
156:
148:
145:
144:
138:
137:
136:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
93:Ban of Severin
90:
85:
83:Ban of Croatia
80:
75:
70:
62:
61:
53:
52:
42:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7603:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7583:
7581:
7574:
7569:
7563:
7561:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7549:
7544:
7537:
7535:973-7784-00-6
7531:
7527:
7520:
7519:
7513:
7512:
7507:
7501:
7497:
7493:
7486:
7483:
7482:0-8108-3179-1
7479:
7475:
7471:
7468:
7464:
7460:
7456:
7453:
7452:963-04-9197-4
7449:
7445:
7438:
7435:
7431:
7427:
7423:
7420:
7419:0-295-97290-4
7416:
7412:
7408:
7405:
7404:0-333-80085-0
7401:
7397:
7393:
7390:
7386:
7382:
7378:
7376:
7375:973-577-037-7
7372:
7368:
7364:
7361:
7357:
7353:
7348:(in Romanian)
7346:
7344:
7343:963-547-085-1
7340:
7336:
7329:
7326:
7325:963-04-2014-7
7322:
7318:
7314:
7311:
7310:963-05-6703-2
7307:
7303:
7299:
7296:
7295:963-9465-12-7
7292:
7288:
7284:
7282:
7281:963-05-1595-4
7278:
7274:
7267:
7265:
7261:
7257:
7253:
7250:
7246:
7242:
7238:
7235:
7234:963-02-5536-7
7231:
7227:
7220:
7217:
7216:1-86064-061-3
7213:
7209:
7205:
7202:
7201:963-8312-44-0
7198:
7194:
7187:
7183:
7177:
7172:
7171:
7165:
7164:Curta, Florin
7161:
7158:
7154:
7150:
7143:
7139:
7137:963-05-6703-2
7133:
7129:
7124:
7120:
7118:963-05-6703-2
7114:
7110:
7105:
7104:
7099:
7093:
7092:1-884445-40-3
7089:
7085:
7082:
7079:
7078:0-88402-021-5
7075:
7071:
7068:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7048:
7045:
7041:
7036:
7033:
7029:
7024:
7021:
7015:
7012:
7006:
7004:
7000:
6994:
6991:
6985:
6982:
6976:
6973:
6967:
6964:
6958:
6955:
6949:
6947:
6943:
6937:
6934:
6928:
6925:
6919:
6916:
6910:
6907:
6901:
6899:
6895:
6889:
6886:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6874:
6872:
6870:
6868:
6866:
6862:
6858:
6852:
6850:
6848:
6846:
6844:
6842:
6840:
6838:
6836:
6834:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6822:
6820:
6818:
6816:
6812:
6806:
6804:
6802:
6800:
6796:
6790:
6788:
6786:
6782:
6776:
6773:
6767:
6765:
6763:
6759:
6753:
6751:
6749:
6747:
6743:
6737:
6735:
6733:
6731:
6729:
6727:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6719:
6715:
6709:
6707:
6705:
6703:
6699:
6693:
6691:
6689:
6687:
6685:
6681:
6675:
6673:
6671:
6669:
6667:
6665:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6651:
6649:
6647:
6645:
6643:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6629:
6627:
6625:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6617:
6615:
6613:
6609:
6603:
6600:
6594:
6592:
6590:
6588:
6586:
6582:
6576:
6573:
6567:
6565:
6563:
6561:
6559:
6557:
6555:
6553:
6551:
6549:
6547:
6545:
6541:
6537:
6531:
6529:
6527:
6525:
6523:
6521:
6519:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6501:
6499:
6497:
6495:
6493:
6491:
6489:
6487:
6485:
6483:
6481:
6479:
6477:
6475:
6473:
6471:
6469:
6467:
6465:
6463:
6461:
6459:
6457:
6455:
6453:
6449:
6443:
6441:
6439:
6437:
6433:
6427:
6424:
6418:
6415:
6409:
6407:
6405:
6403:
6401:
6399:
6397:
6395:
6393:
6391:
6389:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6381:
6379:
6377:
6375:
6373:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6365:
6363:
6361:
6359:
6355:
6349:
6346:
6340:
6338:
6334:
6328:
6326:
6324:
6322:
6320:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6312:
6310:
6308:
6306:
6304:
6302:
6300:
6296:
6290:
6288:
6286:
6282:
6276:
6274:
6272:
6270:
6268:
6266:
6264:
6262:
6260:
6258:
6256:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6248:
6246:
6244:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6232:
6226:
6224:
6222:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6212:
6210:
6208:
6206:
6204:
6202:
6200:
6198:
6196:
6194:
6192:
6190:
6188:
6186:
6184:
6182:
6180:
6178:
6174:
6168:
6165:
6161:
6156:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6141:
6139:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6124:
6122:
6118:
6112:
6109:
6105:
6100:
6097:
6093:
6088:
6085:
6079:
6076:
6072:
6067:
6064:
6058:
6055:
6049:
6046:
6042:
6037:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6025:
6021:
6017:
6012:
6009:
6005:
6000:
5997:
5991:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5976:
5973:
5967:
5964:
5958:
5955:
5949:
5946:
5940:
5938:
5934:
5928:
5925:
5919:
5916:
5910:
5907:
5901:
5898:
5892:
5889:
5883:
5880:
5874:
5871:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5853:
5850:
5844:
5841:
5835:
5832:
5826:
5823:
5817:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5805:
5799:
5796:
5790:
5787:
5781:
5778:
5772:
5770:
5766:
5760:
5757:
5753:
5748:
5745:
5739:
5736:
5730:
5727:
5721:
5718:
5712:
5709:
5703:
5700:
5694:
5691:
5685:
5682:
5676:
5673:
5667:
5664:
5658:
5655:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5633:
5629:
5625:
5620:
5617:
5611:
5608:
5602:
5599:
5593:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5579:
5576:
5570:
5567:
5561:
5559:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5551:
5547:
5541:
5538:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5518:
5515:
5511:
5506:
5503:
5497:
5495:
5493:
5489:
5483:
5481:
5477:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5459:
5457:
5455:
5451:
5445:
5443:
5441:
5437:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5419:
5416:
5410:
5408:
5404:
5398:
5395:
5389:
5386:
5380:
5377:
5371:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5348:
5345:
5330:
5323:
5322:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5302:
5300:
5298:
5294:
5288:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5276:
5270:
5267:
5261:
5258:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5240:
5238:
5236:
5234:
5232:
5228:
5222:
5219:
5213:
5210:
5195:
5188:
5187:
5179:
5177:
5173:
5167:
5164:
5149:
5142:
5141:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5119:
5116:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5098:
5095:
5089:
5086:
5080:
5077:
5071:
5069:
5065:
5059:
5057:
5053:
5047:
5044:
5038:
5035:
5029:
5027:
5025:
5023:
5019:
5013:
5010:
5006:
5001:
4998:
4992:
4989:
4985:
4980:
4977:
4971:
4968:
4962:
4959:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4925:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4904:
4901:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4860:
4857:
4853:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4833:
4830:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4806:
4804:
4800:
4794:
4791:
4785:
4782:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4661:
4659:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4601:
4597:
4596:Three Nations
4593:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4564:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4367:Péter Perényi
4365:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4312:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4290:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4266:
4263:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4115:Blaise Magyar
4113:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4055:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3935:John Rozgonyi
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3874:John Rozgonyi
3872:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3829:Emeric Bebek
3828:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3783:Közép-Szolnok
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3749:(1441â1446),
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3675:(1441â1446),
3674:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3622:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3527:Közép-Szolnok
3524:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3454:(1409â1414),
3453:
3449:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3424:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3235:
3229:
3225:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3205:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:Denis Lackfi
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2835:Andrew Lackfi
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2772:appointed by
2771:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2668:(1321â1342),
2667:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2528:
2523:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1506:Nicholas (II)
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1395:Ladislaus III
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1161:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1042:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
994:Ladislaus KĂĄn
990:
988:
984:
980:
976:
975:Gyulafehérvår
970:
968:
964:
957:
956:Ladislaus KĂĄn
953:
945:
943:
941:
937:
932:
926:
924:
920:
916:
915:ĂrpĂĄd dynasty
910:
908:
904:
900:
891:
886:
884:
882:
878:
874:
870:
869:CĂąmpul PĂąinii
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
822:
815:
811:
807:
802:
795:
793:
791:
790:
786:
782:
778:
772:
768:
766:
764:
756:
754:
750:
743:
741:
740:customary law
738:According to
736:
734:
730:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
698:
696:
693:
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
594:
590:
586:
581:
577:
574:
566:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
549:Kleinschelken
546:
542:
538:
535:(TÄÈnad) and
534:
530:
526:
525:Gyulafehérvår
522:
518:
514:
510:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:
480:
478:
474:
470:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
440:
436:
434:
430:
426:
421:
415:
407:
402:
400:
398:
397:
392:
391:
386:
385:
380:
376:
375:royal charter
372:
368:
365:
360:
358:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
322:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
287:
286:Ladislaus KĂĄn
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
247:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:erdélyi vajda
206:
202:
198:
194:
189:
180:
169:
164:
162:
157:
155:
150:
149:
147:
146:
143:
140:
139:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
65:
64:
63:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
39:
38:
33:
19:
7573:
7517:
7491:
7473:
7458:
7443:
7425:
7410:
7395:
7380:
7366:
7351:
7334:
7316:
7301:
7286:
7272:
7255:
7240:
7225:
7207:
7192:
7169:
7148:
7127:
7108:
7083:
7069:
7047:
7035:
7023:
7014:
6993:
6984:
6975:
6966:
6957:
6936:
6927:
6918:
6909:
6888:
6856:
6775:
6602:
6575:
6535:
6426:
6417:
6348:
6230:
6167:
6111:
6099:
6087:
6078:
6066:
6057:
6048:
6011:
5999:
5975:
5966:
5957:
5948:
5927:
5918:
5909:
5900:
5891:
5882:
5873:
5852:
5843:
5834:
5825:
5798:
5789:
5780:
5759:
5747:
5738:
5729:
5720:
5711:
5702:
5693:
5684:
5675:
5666:
5657:
5619:
5610:
5601:
5578:
5569:
5540:
5517:
5509:
5505:
5418:
5397:
5388:
5379:
5356:
5347:
5336:, retrieved
5329:the original
5320:
5269:
5260:
5221:
5212:
5201:, retrieved
5194:the original
5185:
5166:
5155:, retrieved
5148:the original
5139:
5118:
5097:
5088:
5079:
5046:
5037:
5012:
5000:
4991:
4979:
4970:
4961:
4903:
4859:
4836:
4832:
4793:
4784:
4641:
4620:
4582:
4558:Stephen DobĂł
4552:
4532:
4506:
4495:John ZĂĄpolya
4486:
4472:John ZĂĄpolya
4463:
4447:
4436:John ZĂĄpolya
4431:Jerome Laski
4425:
4413:Bålint Török
4407:
4386:
4372:John ZĂĄpolya
4361:
4343:Wladislas II
4339:(Szapolyai)
4337:John ZĂĄpolya
4331:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4264:(1465â1467)
4256:Wladislas II
4247:
4236:Wladislas II
4227:
4216:Wladislas II
4207:
4197:Wladislas II
4182:
4163:
4143:
4109:
4089:
4069:
4028:
4006:second rule
3991:
3971:
3951:
3929:
3907:
3900:(1457â1458)
3885:
3868:
3848:AbaĂșj County
3843:
3824:
3802:
3778:
3766:
3750:
3724:John Hunyadi
3718:
3696:
3676:
3661:ban of MacsĂł
3657:John Hunyadi
3636:
3612:
3584:
3560:
3538:
3530:
3522:
3508:
3486:
3472:
3447:
3431:
3419:(1403â1409)
3412:
3403:John TamĂĄsi
3398:
3352:
3298:
3284:
3270:
3254:
3228:John Hunyadi
3179:
3163:
3141:
3121:
3114:(1392â1393)
3107:
3093:Emeric Bebek
3087:
3080:(1386â1392)
3073:
3053:
3046:(1385â1386)
3039:
3023:
3016:(1376â1385)
3009:
2989:
2982:(1372â1376)
2975:
2959:
2941:
2927:
2909:
2895:
2877:
2863:
2845:
2829:
2811:
2795:
2777:
2759:
2741:
2725:
2707:
2691:
2677:
2669:
2661:
2645:
2638:(1318â1321)
2631:
2615:
2608:(1315â1316)
2601:
2585:
2564:
2563:
2508:(1295â1314)
2501:
2497:
2482:
2468:
2463:Ladislaus IV
2450:
2448:
2434:
2425:Ladislaus IV
2414:
2400:
2395:Ladislaus IV
2384:
2370:
2365:Ladislaus IV
2354:
2340:
2335:Ladislaus IV
2324:
2310:
2305:Ladislaus IV
2294:
2280:
2275:Ladislaus IV
2264:
2250:
2245:Ladislaus IV
2234:
2220:
2215:Ladislaus IV
2204:
2197:(1275â1276)
2190:
2185:Ladislaus IV
2174:
2160:
2155:Ladislaus IV
2144:
2137:(1274â1275)
2130:
2125:Ladislaus IV
2114:
2100:
2095:Ladislaus IV
2084:
2070:
2065:Ladislaus IV
2054:
2047:(1273â1274)
2040:
2035:Ladislaus IV
2024:
2010:
2005:Ladislaus IV
1994:
1987:(1272â1273)
1980:
1975:Ladislaus IV
1964:
1957:(1270â1272)
1950:
1934:
1916:
1900:
1882:
1866:
1848:
1844:
1829:
1819:
1802:
1801:
1793:ValkĂł County
1788:
1772:
1747:
1721:
1700:
1679:
1657:
1636:
1615:
1593:
1572:
1551:
1537:
1521:
1500:
1475:
1453:
1431:
1410:
1380:
1364:Nicholas (I)
1358:
1350:Fehér County
1345:
1329:
1295:Fehér County
1288:
1272:
1250:
1235:against the
1214:
1212:
1202:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1121:
1113:
1090:
1078:
1048:
1022:
1010:
991:
985:(Adrian) at
971:
959:
952:Roland Borsa
927:
919:Ladislaus IV
911:
895:
873:John ZĂĄpolya
849:John Hunyadi
842:
823:
819:
813:
787:
773:
770:
760:
758:
746:
737:
732:
721:
702:
687:
684:vice-voivode
677:
663:(Ighiu) and
657:
639:(Turia) and
635:(TÄlmaciu),
633:Nagy-TalmĂĄcs
609:CsicsĂłĂșjfalu
601:BĂĄnffyhunyad
598:
592:
570:
519:(MÄriĆelu),
506:
498:Hermannstadt
483:
481:
472:
447:
445:
425:Torda County
419:
417:
408:Jurisdiction
394:
388:
382:
366:
361:
356:
353:
326:
290:
282:Roland Borsa
277:
263:
254:
251:Fehér County
244:
229:Transylvania
187:
185:
77:
7565:(in German)
7557:(in French)
4563:Ferdinand I
4541:Ferdinand I
4517:Ferdinand I
4397:Ferdinand I
4378:Ferdinand I
4299:of 1571 to
4260:brother of
4156:third rule
4021:first rule
3852:JĂĄsz people
3729:Wladislas I
3651:Ladislaus V
3647:Wladislas I
3621:Wladislas I
3603:Wladislas I
3597:Ladislaus V
1672:first rule
1403:first rule
1140:Christopher
1117:IstvĂĄn DobĂł
1075:(1553â1559)
1055:Ferdinand I
940:Wladislas I
806:DĂ©va Castle
763:Tripartitum
709:judge royal
649:Vajdahunyad
605:BoroskrakkĂł
477:Arad County
231:within the
73:Judge royal
7580:Categories
7040:Barta 1994
7028:Barta 1994
6160:Barta 1994
6145:Barta 1994
6128:Barta 1994
6104:Barta 1994
6092:Barta 1994
6071:Barta 1994
6041:Barta 1994
6016:Barta 1994
6004:Barta 1994
5980:Barta 1994
5752:Curta 2006
5624:Curta 2006
5005:Curta 2006
4984:Curta 2006
4908:Curta 2006
4884:Curta 2006
4715:References
4317:Incumbent
4303:by Sultan
3741:(Beograd,
3667:(Beograd,
3240:Incumbent
3034:Charles II
2549:Incumbent
2493:Andrew III
2429:Andrew III
1315:Incumbent
1166:Incumbent
1093:Suleiman I
923:Andrew III
861:KenyĂ©rmezĆ
853:Breadfield
733:jus gladii
692:castellans
661:Magyarigen
625:KĂŒkĂŒllĆvĂĄr
607:(CricÄu),
603:(Huedin),
557:Altrodenau
531:(Herina),
412:See also:
7354:. Lumen.
5338:21 August
5203:21 August
5157:21 August
4852:BĂłna 1994
4642:1581â1586
4621:1576â1581
4583:1571â1576
4553:1553â1556
4545:resigned
4533:1552â1553
4487:1538â1540
4464:1534â1540
4448:1533â1534
4426:1530â1534
4387:1530â1534
4362:1527â1529
4332:1510â1526
4248:1498â1510
4228:1493â1495
4208:1493â1498
4183:1479â1493
4164:1478â1479
4144:1475â1476
4110:1472â1475
4090:1468â1472
4070:1468â1474
4029:1465â1467
3992:1462â1465
3952:1459â1460
3930:1459â1460
3908:1459â1461
3869:1449â1458
3825:1446â1448
3811:MĂĄramaros
3719:1441â1446
3689:MĂĄramaros
3637:1441â1458
3613:1440â1441
3585:1438â1441
3569:Sigismund
3561:1436â1438
3517:Sigismund
3509:1426â1437
3481:Sigismund
3473:1415â1426
3442:Sigismund
3432:1409â1414
3407:Sigismund
3399:1403â1409
3293:Sigismund
3285:1402â1403
3265:Sigismund
3174:Sigismund
3164:1395â1401
3132:Sigismund
3122:1393â1395
3098:Sigismund
3088:1392â1393
3064:Sigismund
3054:1386â1392
3024:1385â1386
2990:1376â1385
2960:1372â1376
2928:1369â1372
2896:1367â1368
2864:1359â1367
2830:1356â1359
2796:1351â1356
2760:1350â1351
2726:1344â1350
2692:1342â1344
2656:Charles I
2646:1321â1342
2626:Charles I
2616:1318â1321
2596:Charles I
2586:1315â1316
2415:1284â1294
2295:1278â1280
2175:1275â1276
2115:1274â1275
2025:1273â1274
1965:1272â1273
1945:Stephen V
1935:1270â1272
1901:1267â1268
1867:1263â1264
1773:1242â1252
1748:1235â1241
1711:Andrew II
1701:1233â1234
1690:Andrew II
1680:1229â1231
1668:Andrew II
1647:Andrew II
1637:1221â1222
1626:Andrew II
1616:1219â1221
1604:Andrew II
1583:Andrew II
1573:1216â1217
1562:Andrew II
1532:Andrew II
1511:Andrew II
1486:Andrew II
1476:1212â1213
1464:Andrew II
1454:1209â1212
1442:Andrew II
1432:1208â1209
1421:Andrew II
1399:Andrew II
1381:1202â1206
1251:1199â1200
1193:Mercurius
1085:Habsburgs
1001:captured
857:Hungarian
804:Ruins of
623:(Rupea),
619:(HaÈeg),
583:Restored
523:(GilÄu),
403:Functions
364:Mercurius
345:Wallachia
205:Hungarian
193:âčSee Tfdâș
7166:(2006).
4668:See also
4613:in 1576
4603:Selim II
4478:Ottomans
4347:Louis II
4320:Monarch
4305:Selim II
4296:AhidnĂąme
4193:Matthias
4172:Matthias
4152:Matthias
4136:of 1475
4120:Matthias
4098:Matthias
4078:Matthias
4037:Matthias
4017:Matthias
4002:Matthias
3980:Matthias
3960:Matthias
3940:Matthias
3918:Matthias
3856:Ottomans
3791:Szabolcs
3759:CsongrĂĄd
3685:CsongrĂĄd
3460:Trencsén
3365:CsongrĂĄd
3315:CsongrĂĄd
3243:Monarch
3150:CsongrĂĄd
2682:CsongrĂĄd
2552:Monarch
2498:de facto
2453:1288 (?)
1822:in 1261
1778:Lawrence
1318:Monarch
1256:Legforus
1243:of 1176
1227:BĂ©la III
1169:Monarch
1012:de facto
865:Romanian
830:Lawrence
785:Romanian
711:and the
705:palatine
673:Borberek
645:Bonchida
631:(Lita),
615:(Deva),
561:Bistritz
553:Mediasch
545:BirthÀlm
379:Legforus
349:Moldavia
259:counties
241:voivodes
237:monarchs
221:Romanian
68:Palatine
7058:Sources
4351:became
4326:Source
4132:in the
3817:(1446)
3795:SzatmĂĄr
3787:Kraszna
3711:(1457)
3553:(Dej);
3535:SzatmĂĄr
3499:Szolnok
3377:Szolnok
3327:Szolnok
3277:(1401)
3249:Source
3217:Croatia
3215:(Ilok,
3188:Szolnok
3154:Szolnok
3000:Louis I
2970:Louis I
2950:Szolnok
2936:Louis I
2918:Szolnok
2904:Louis I
2886:Szolnok
2872:Louis I
2854:Szolnok
2840:Louis I
2820:Szolnok
2806:Louis I
2786:Szolnok
2768:Louis I
2750:Szolnok
2736:Louis I
2716:Szolnok
2702:Louis I
2558:Source
2407:(1283)
2377:(1282)
2347:(1280)
2287:(1277)
2257:(1276)
2227:(1276)
2167:(1275)
2107:(1274)
2077:(1274)
2017:(1273)
1925:Stephen
1911:BĂ©la IV
1891:Stephen
1877:BĂ©la IV
1857:Stephen
1840:BĂ©la IV
1815:BĂ©la IV
1783:BĂ©la IV
1764:Mongols
1758:BĂ©la IV
1740:(1235)
1732:BĂ©la IV
1599:Raphael
1544:(1214)
1324:Source
1239:in the
1237:Seljuks
1198:Coloman
1175:Source
1020:1320s.
987:SzalĂĄrd
983:AdorjĂĄn
963:Stephen
903:Kacsics
901:of the
899:Michael
845:Ottoman
834:Austria
810:Romania
789:cneazes
753:florins
621:KĆhalom
617:HĂĄtszeg
589:Romania
573:honours
511:, King
464:KĂŒkĂŒllĆ
323:Origins
301:Ottoman
293:BĂĄthory
270:Székely
7532:
7498:
7480:
7465:
7450:
7432:
7417:
7402:
7387:
7373:
7358:
7341:
7323:
7308:
7293:
7279:
7262:
7247:
7232:
7214:
7199:
7178:
7155:
7134:
7115:
7090:
7076:
4323:Notes
3890:Sopron
3799:Ugocsa
3797:, and
3761:, and
3755:CsanĂĄd
3743:Serbia
3691:, and
3681:CsanĂĄd
3669:Serbia
3593:Albert
3573:Albert
3497:, and
3456:Nyitra
3413:ispĂĄns
3385:ZarĂĄnd
3383:, and
3373:KrassĂł
3361:CsanĂĄd
3335:ZarĂĄnd
3333:, and
3323:KrassĂł
3311:CsanĂĄd
3246:Notes
3152:, and
2555:Notes
2529:family
2527:Lackfi
1391:Emeric
1369:Emeric
1340:Emeric
1321:Notes
1283:Emeric
1261:Emeric
1172:Notes
931:Lackfi
707:, the
688:ispĂĄns
669:Alvinc
665:Romosz
533:TasnĂĄd
529:Harina
473:ispĂĄns
460:Kolozs
456:Hunyad
452:Doboka
448:ispĂĄns
420:ispĂĄns
396:herzog
341:Slavic
329:Slavic
255:ispĂĄns
246:ispĂĄns
239:, the
197:German
47:in the
7522:(PDF)
6857:lviii
5332:(PDF)
5325:(PDF)
5197:(PDF)
5190:(PDF)
5151:(PDF)
5144:(PDF)
4314:Term
3886:ispĂĄn
3844:ispĂĄn
3807:Bereg
3803:ispĂĄn
3779:ispĂĄn
3775:Bihar
3767:ispĂĄn
3763:Temes
3751:ispĂĄn
3697:ispĂĄn
3693:Temes
3677:ispĂĄn
3543:Bihar
3539:ispĂĄn
3531:ispĂĄn
3523:ispĂĄn
3495:Bihar
3491:Békés
3487:ispĂĄn
3448:ispĂĄn
3411:also
3381:Temes
3357:Békés
3353:ispĂĄn
3351:also
3331:Temes
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680:vicar
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537:Zilah
521:Gyalu
517:Bilak
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429:Torda
384:banus
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274:seats
266:Saxon
213:Latin
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6536:lvii
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