838:
371:
357:
332:
427:
1173:
415:
439:
1151:
102:
90:
119:
622:
in 1953, the situation for Volga
Germans improved dramatically. In 1964, a second decree was issued, openly admitting the government's guilt in pressing charges against innocent people and urging Soviet citizens to give Volga Germans every assistance in their "economic and cultural expansion". With
576:: Baltsersky, Gmelinsky, Gnadenflyursky, Dobrinsky, Zelmansky, Zolotovsky, Ilovatsky, Kamensky, Krasnoyarsky, Krasnokutsky, Kukkussky, Lizandergeysky, Marientalsky, Marxshtadtsky, Pallasovsky, Staro-Poltavsky, Ternovsky, Untervaldsky, Fedorovsky, Franksky, Ekgeimsky and Erlenbakhsky.
543:
569:, carried out in the 1920s in the Soviet Union, usage of the German language was promoted in official documents and Germans were encouraged to occupy management positions. According to the 1939 census, there were 366,685 Germans in the republic.
2775:
1296:
2790:
837:
107:
1729:
1691:
1591:
1516:
1401:
1394:
2815:
2038:
2021:
1036:
2245:
1671:
1631:
1369:
2765:
1289:
1666:
1626:
1339:
2800:
2760:
1651:
1436:
1282:
584:
1686:
1551:
1431:
1359:
2737:
1606:
1379:
640:, a policy which grants citizenship to all those who can prove to be a refugee or expellee of German ethnic origin or as the spouse or descendant of such a person.
1611:
1571:
1501:
1451:
1421:
1416:
1661:
1656:
1566:
1541:
1536:
1526:
1426:
1384:
1364:
1354:
1324:
565:
At the moment of declaration of autonomy, an amnesty was announced. However, it eventually was applied to a small number of people. According to the policy of
1581:
1511:
1344:
1329:
547:
487:
73:
2297:
1723:
1676:
1621:
1616:
1601:
1586:
1561:
1461:
1389:
1374:
1334:
1319:
1681:
1576:
1556:
1521:
1471:
1456:
1446:
1441:
426:
1641:
1636:
1411:
1406:
1105:
619:
414:
101:
2810:
896:(1889–1938) (World War I and Russian Civil War participant, Russian general and statesman, Turkmenistani statesman, Uzbekistani statesman, shot in
588:
539:
555:
2795:
2785:
2415:
1305:
535:
483:
69:
2653:
2209:
583:
in 1941 marked the end of the Volga German ASSR. On 28 August 1941, the republic was formally abolished and, out of fear they could act as
1227:
2805:
2658:
2259:
2218:
2380:
1928:
1786:
1115:
977:
527:
592:
89:
607:
merely due to their heritage. On 7 September 1941, the republic was formally extinguished and its territory divided between the
2780:
531:
2623:
1192:
Barbara Dietz, "German and Jewish migration from the former Soviet Union to
Germany: Background, Trends and Implications",
2448:
2229:
1868:
2770:
1232:
204:
630:
Beginning in the early 1980s and accelerating after the fall of the Soviet Union, many Volga
Germans have emigrated to
1245:
573:
303:
2628:
984:
Created on 12 January 1924, by declaration at the first session of the
Central Executive Committee of the Republic.
438:
2405:
2086:
1531:
1349:
1101:
2684:
2328:
2277:
1885:
2224:
1131:
2529:
2091:
1274:
989:
904:
468:
2149:
1984:
1971:
534:. This gave Soviet Germans a special status among the non-Russians in the USSR. It was restructured as an
491:
431:
130:
2461:
2679:
2517:
2159:
2154:
2134:
1779:
2541:
2505:
2103:
1012:
950:
2478:
2563:
2495:
2483:
2272:
1966:
1015:(1902–1967) (Russian Civil War participant, security forces officer, Russian statesman, entrepreneur)
911:
580:
499:
2701:
1082:[Guide to the history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898 - 1991] (in Russian).
925:
893:
879:
2648:
2522:
2488:
2363:
2174:
2139:
943:
886:
868:
918:
2674:
2643:
2633:
2427:
2390:
2348:
2164:
2108:
2043:
1994:
1961:
1949:
1944:
1916:
1880:
1019:
932:
519:
337:
2309:
2422:
2358:
2338:
2333:
2282:
2267:
2214:
2186:
2169:
2113:
2053:
2048:
1954:
1111:
364:
2638:
2618:
2596:
2500:
2410:
2395:
2385:
2368:
2323:
2315:
2287:
2191:
2144:
2129:
2063:
2031:
2004:
1999:
1909:
1772:
612:
459:
394:
45:
562:, which numbered almost 1.8 million by 1897. The republic was declared on 6 January 1924.
2456:
2353:
2343:
2304:
1976:
1890:
1873:
1846:
964:
861:
636:
451:
59:
1179:(Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Decree of 7 September 1941
2096:
2081:
2058:
2014:
1980:
1921:
1818:
1056:
1051:
1046:
608:
399:
350:
1157:(Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Decree of 28 August 1941
2754:
2551:
2434:
2026:
2009:
1988:
1834:
1206:
1041:
781:
664:
566:
523:
515:
503:
1268:
1181:
On
Administrative Structure of the Territory of the former Republic of Volga Germans
648:
The following table shows population of the ethnic groups of the Volga German ASSR:
627:
now a reality of the post-war world, the Volga German ASSR was never reestablished.
2400:
1902:
857:
624:
558:. It occupied the area of compact settlement of the large Volga German minority in
551:
230:
17:
2730:
2178:
1255:
1079:
755:
742:
419:
245:
2534:
2471:
1895:
1080:"Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991"
872:
690:
596:
2292:
1825:
1172:Президиум Верховного Совета СССР. Указ от 7 сентября 1941 г «
1150:Президиум Верховного Совета СССР. Указ от 28 августа 1941 г «
794:
572:
By 1 January 1941, the Volga German ASSR included the city of Engels and 22
1174:Об административном устройстве территории бывшей Республики Немцев Поволжья
538:
on 20 February 1924 (claims of 19 December 1923), by a declaration of the
118:
2556:
2546:
897:
729:
677:
2776:
Autonomous republics of the
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
967:(1894–1977) (World War I participant, railway worker, Russian statesman)
475:
Avtonomnaya
Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika Nemtsev Povolzh'ya
250:
Supreme
Council of the Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
2611:
2606:
2601:
2578:
2568:
1795:
703:
631:
600:
2694:
2689:
2466:
2373:
1135:
716:
559:
389:
2510:
1023:
1002:
936:
836:
604:
495:
437:
425:
413:
190:
2706:
2573:
1764:
1256:
Guide to the history of the
Communist Party and the Soviet Union
1240:
768:
464:Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика Немцев Поволжья
39:Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика Немцев Поволжья
1768:
1278:
494:(known as Pokrovsk or Kosakenstadt before 1931) located on the
1008:
1936–1937: Heinrich Lüft (1899–1937) (Russian statesman, shot)
1110:(illustrated ed.). Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 29–37.
1001:
1935–1936: Adam Welsch (1893–1937) (World War I participant,
442:
Administrative division of the republic after its dissolution
1250:
998:
1930–1935: Heinrich Fuchs (?–1938) (Russian statesman, shot)
1037:
History of
Germans in Russia, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union
1306:
Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union
1263:
882:(1890–1965+) (World War I participant, Russian statesman)
456:
Autonome Sozialistische Sowjetrepublik der Wolgadeutschen
53:
Autonome Sozialistische Sowjetrepublik der Wolgadeutschen
2791:
Forced migration in the Soviet Union during World War II
1132:"Административные преобразования в АССР немцев Поволжья"
995:
1929–1930: Andrew Gleim (1892–1954) (Russian statesman)
550:. It became the first national autonomous unit in the
1159:
On Resettlement of Germans living in the Volga Region
841:
Russian topographic map of the Volga German republic.
473:
408:
a. Known as "Pokrovsk" or "Kosakenstadt" before 1931.
1152:О переселении немцев, проживающих в районах Поволжья
2721:
2667:
2589:
2447:
2258:
2238:
2202:
2122:
2074:
1937:
1861:
1854:
1845:
1802:
1480:
1312:
1251:
City of Pallasowka, Canton of the Volga-German ASSR
385:
298:
276:
266:
254:
244:
224:
212:
187:
180:
166:
154:
144:
136:
126:
34:
1074:
1072:
27:Autonomous republic within the former Russian SFSR
1005:, regional party leader, Russian statesman, shot)
939:, regional party leader, Russian statesman, shot)
448:Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
35:Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
1271:(documentary about the city of Marx, in Russian)
1233:Native Volga-German - researcher of his heritage
226:• October 1918 – March 1919
522:, by a 29 October (some claim 19 October) 1918
518:in the Russian SFSR was created following the
2766:States and territories disestablished in 1941
2432:
1780:
1290:
1264:City of Marx, Canton of the Volga-German ASSR
1241:German Villages in the Volga Valley of Russia
1170:
1148:
623:the existence of a socialist German state in
37:
8:
2728:
1900:
1832:
1816:
1809:
514:The first provision of a special status for
196:
51:
2738:Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)
2816:Germany–Soviet Union relations (1918–1941)
2801:1941 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
2761:States and territories established in 1918
1858:
1851:
1787:
1773:
1765:
1491:
1486:
1297:
1283:
1275:
1022:(1908–1994) (engineer, Russian statesman,
650:
117:
31:
860:(1889–1953) (German statesman, diplomat,
198:Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch!
1246:High resolution map of Volga German ASSR
502:in 1941, the republic was abolished and
2318:(including German, Swiss and Austrians)
2312:(including German, Swiss and Austrians)
1194:Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
1107:Ethnic Cleansing in the USSR, 1937-1949
1068:
540:All-Russian Central Executive Committee
243:
179:
153:
150:28,400 km (11,000 sq mi)
143:
135:
125:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
935:(1893–1937) (World War I participant,
213:Chairman (Central Executive Committee)
992:(1892–1938) (Russian statesman, shot)
946:(1899–1937) (Russian statesman, shot)
914:(1888–1938) (Russian statesman, shot)
907:(1892–1938) (Russian statesman, shot)
293:
289:
275:
265:
261:
223:
219:
211:
186:
165:
161:
7:
851:Central Executive Committee Chairmen
536:Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
1269:Документальный фильм о городе Маркс
1228:Autonomous SSR of the Volga Germans
581:German invasion of the Soviet Union
500:German invasion of the Soviet Union
1196:26, No. 4 (October 2000): 635-652.
928:(?–1938) (Russian statesman, shot)
871:(1869–1936) (teacher, journalist,
634:by taking advantage of the German
556:Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
25:
369:
355:
330:
100:
88:
953:(1896–1956) (Russian statesman)
921:(1892–1954) (Russian statesman)
532:Labour Commune of Volga Germans
1753:Autonomous Republic since 1934
1748:Autonomous Republic since 1925
1743:Autonomous Republic since 1923
1738:Autonomous Republic since 1920
544:Council of People's Commissars
1:
2796:1918 establishments in Russia
1207:"Демоскоп Weekly № 839 - 840"
2786:German communities in Russia
205:Workers of the world, unite!
2219:Alsatians and Lotharingians
474:
2832:
2811:Post–Russian Empire states
2806:Former socialist republics
1102:Greenwood Publishing Group
1708:
1489:
1171:
1149:
587:, all Volga Germans were
463:
407:
309:
294:
290:
286:
262:
240:
236:
220:
203:
176:
162:
116:
84:
79:
68:
38:
958:Supreme Council Chairman
603:. Many were interned in
2239:Multinational dimension
1236:(in Russian and German)
490:. Its capital city was
2781:Early Soviet republics
2729:
2433:
2160:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1901:
1833:
1817:
1810:
842:
478:), abbreviated as the
455:
443:
435:
423:
299:Political subdivisions
278:• Disestablished
197:
52:
1138:on 21 September 2009.
1100:J. Otto Pohl (1999).
840:
611:(15 cantons) and the
498:. As a result of the
441:
429:
417:
2659:United Arab Emirates
1967:Transylvanian Saxons
1690:1991–92
1685:1990–91
1680:1961–92
1675:1958–90
1670:1957–91
1665:1957–92
1660:1956–91
1655:1944–57
1650:1936–90
1640:1936–90
1635:1936–90
1630:1936–44
1625:1936–44
1620:1935–43
1615:1934–90
1610:1934–90
1605:1932–92
1600:1931–92
1590:1926–36
1585:1925–36
1580:1925–92
1575:1924–29
1570:1924–40
1565:1923–40
1560:1923–90
1555:1922–91
1550:1921–90
1540:1921–24
1535:1921–91
1530:1921–45
1525:1921–91
1520:1920–90
1515:1920–25
1510:1919–90
1505:1918–41
1500:1918–24
585:German collaborators
2771:Volga German people
2246:Central and Eastern
2150:Italy (South Tyrol)
1672:Kabardino-Balkarian
1632:Kabardino-Balkarian
1370:Kabardino-Balkarian
972:Heads of government
889:(Russian statesman)
530:, establishing the
484:autonomous republic
268:• Established
2391:Pennsylvania Dutch
1495:
1020:Alexander Heckmann
843:
520:October Revolution
444:
436:
424:
418:Streckerau, 1920 (
338:Samara Governorate
2746:
2745:
2717:
2716:
2254:
2253:
2054:Russian Mennonite
1762:
1761:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1013:Wladimir Dalinger
951:David Rosenberger
830:
829:
613:Stalingrad Oblast
528:Soviet government
480:Volga German ASSR
472:
412:
411:
381:
380:
377:
376:
365:Stalingrad Oblast
343:
342:
18:Volga German ASSR
16:(Redirected from
2823:
2734:
2685:Papua New Guinea
2523:Kapitaï and Koba
2489:Kapitaï and Koba
2438:
2316:Los Lagos Region
2298:British Columbia
1906:
1859:
1852:
1838:
1822:
1813:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1766:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1718:
1492:
1487:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1276:
1260:
1237:
1215:
1214:
1211:www.demoscope.ru
1203:
1197:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1134:. Archived from
1128:
1122:
1121:
1097:
1084:
1083:
1076:
685:156,027 (25.7%)
672:366,685 (60.5%)
651:
477:
467:
465:
430:Pokrowsk, 1928 (
395:Volgograd Oblast
373:
372:
359:
358:
347:
346:
334:
333:
327:
326:
311:
310:
207:
200:
193:
121:
104:
92:
63:
55:
49:
41:
40:
32:
21:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2742:
2713:
2663:
2585:
2443:
2310:Los Ríos Region
2250:
2234:
2198:
2123:Southern Europe
2118:
2092:North Schleswig
2075:Northern Europe
2070:
1933:
1874:Sudeten Germans
1841:
1798:
1793:
1763:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1721:
1713:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1667:Checheno-Ingush
1664:
1659:
1654:
1645:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1627:Checheno-Ingush
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1595:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1545:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1482:
1476:
1340:Checheno-Ingush
1308:
1303:
1258:
1235:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1191:
1187:
1169:
1165:
1147:
1143:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1099:
1098:
1087:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1033:
980:of the Republic
974:
965:Konrad Hoffmann
912:Johannes Schwab
862:Mayor of Berlin
848:
835:
682:116,561 (20.4%)
669:379,630 (66.4%)
646:
620:death of Stalin
512:
370:
356:
331:
279:
272:19 October 1918
269:
227:
201:
188:
169:
147:
122:
112:
111:
110:
105:
97:
96:
93:
64:
57:
50:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2829:
2827:
2819:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2753:
2752:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2702:German Samoans
2699:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2425:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2383:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2313:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2230:United Kingdom
2227:
2222:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2203:Western Europe
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2097:Potato Germans
2094:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2032:North Caucasus
2029:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1974:
1969:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1938:Eastern Europe
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1898:
1893:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1869:Czech Republic
1865:
1863:
1862:Central Europe
1856:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1819:Reichsdeutsche
1814:
1811:Bundesdeutsche
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1784:
1777:
1769:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1719:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1652:North Ossetian
1648:
1646:
1598:
1596:
1548:
1546:
1498:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1437:North Ossetian
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1266:
1261:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1230:
1223:
1222:External links
1220:
1217:
1216:
1198:
1185:
1163:
1141:
1123:
1116:
1085:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1057:Yellow Ukraine
1054:
1052:German Quarter
1049:
1047:Baltic Germans
1044:
1042:Ethnic Germans
1039:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1016:
1009:
1006:
999:
996:
993:
982:
981:
973:
970:
969:
968:
960:
959:
955:
954:
947:
940:
929:
926:Heinrich Fuchs
922:
915:
908:
901:
894:Alexander Moor
890:
883:
880:Alexander Dotz
876:
865:
853:
852:
847:
846:Heads of state
844:
834:
831:
828:
827:
824:
821:
815:
814:
811:
808:
804:
803:
800:
797:
791:
790:
787:
784:
778:
777:
774:
771:
765:
764:
761:
758:
752:
751:
748:
745:
739:
738:
735:
732:
726:
725:
722:
719:
713:
712:
709:
706:
700:
699:
698:58,248 (9.6%)
696:
695:68,561 (12.0%)
693:
687:
686:
683:
680:
674:
673:
670:
667:
661:
660:
657:
654:
645:
642:
618:Following the
609:Saratov Oblast
511:
508:
410:
409:
405:
404:
403:
402:
400:Saratov Oblast
397:
387:
383:
382:
379:
378:
375:
374:
367:
361:
360:
353:
351:Saratov Oblast
344:
341:
340:
335:
323:
322:
317:
307:
306:
300:
296:
295:
292:
291:
288:
287:
284:
283:
282:28 August 1941
280:
277:
274:
273:
270:
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:
256:
252:
251:
248:
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
233:
228:
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
194:
185:
184:
182:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
114:
113:
106:
99:
98:
94:
87:
86:
85:
82:
81:
77:
76:
66:
65:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2828:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2749:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:Dar es Salaam
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2437:
2436:
2435:Colonia Tovar
2431:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2386:United States
2384:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2082:Baltic states
2080:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1836:
1835:Volksdeutsche
1831:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1796:German people
1790:
1785:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1715:Buryat–Mongol
1712:
1711:
1707:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1175:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1145:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1119:
1117:0-313-30921-3
1113:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
987:
986:
985:
979:
976:
975:
971:
966:
962:
961:
957:
956:
952:
948:
945:
944:Heinrich Lüft
941:
938:
934:
930:
927:
923:
920:
916:
913:
909:
906:
902:
899:
895:
891:
888:
887:Vasiliy Pakun
884:
881:
877:
874:
870:
869:Adam Reichert
866:
863:
859:
855:
854:
850:
849:
845:
839:
832:
825:
822:
820:
817:
816:
813:3,869 (0.6%)
812:
809:
806:
805:
801:
798:
796:
793:
792:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
776:1,216 (0.2%)
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
763:1,284 (0.2%)
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
750:1,636 (0.3%)
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
737:3,048 (0.5%)
736:
733:
731:
728:
727:
724:4,074 (0.7%)
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
711:8,988 (1.5%)
710:
707:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
692:
689:
688:
684:
681:
679:
676:
675:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
658:
655:
653:
652:
649:
643:
641:
639:
638:
637:law of return
633:
628:
626:
621:
616:
615:(7 cantons).
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
577:
575:
570:
568:
567:korenizatsiia
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
516:Volga Germans
509:
507:
506:were exiled.
505:
504:Volga Germans
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
470:
461:
457:
453:
449:
440:
433:
428:
421:
416:
406:
401:
398:
396:
393:
392:
391:
388:
386:Today part of
384:
368:
366:
363:
362:
354:
352:
349:
348:
345:
339:
336:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
318:
316:
313:
312:
308:
305:
301:
297:
285:
281:
271:
257:
253:
249:
247:
239:
235:
232:
229:
215:
206:
199:
195:
192:
189: •
183:
175:
171:
157:
149:
139:
132:
129:
120:
115:
109:
103:
91:
83:
78:
75:
71:
67:
61:
54:
47:
33:
30:
19:
2748:
2530:South Africa
1903:Walddeutsche
1730:Kirghiz ASSR
1728:
1722:
1714:
1649:
1599:
1549:
1507:Volga German
1506:
1499:
1483:of existence
1467:Volga German
1466:
1259:(in Russian)
1210:
1201:
1193:
1188:
1180:
1166:
1158:
1144:
1136:the original
1126:
1106:
990:Wilhelm Kurz
983:
919:Andrew Gleim
905:Wilhelm Kurz
858:Ernst Reuter
818:
734:1,429 (0.3%)
721:2,225 (0.4%)
708:1,353 (0.2%)
659:1939 census
647:
635:
629:
625:East Germany
617:
578:
571:
564:
552:Soviet Union
548:Russian SFSR
513:
488:Russian SFSR
479:
447:
445:
320:Succeeded by
319:
314:
231:Ernst Reuter
168:• 1941
108:State emblem
74:Russian SFSR
29:
2731:Ostsiedlung
2680:New Zealand
2654:Philippines
2496:Ivory Coast
2381:Puerto Rico
2334:El Salvador
2225:Netherlands
2179:Gottscheers
1979:(including
1929:Switzerland
1727:was called
1724:Kazakh ASSR
1717:until 1958.
1687:Gorno-Altai
1552:Nakhichevan
1432:Nakhichevan
1360:Gorno-Altai
1018:1938–1941:
1011:1937–1938:
988:1924–1929:
963:1938–1941:
949:1937–1938:
942:1936–1937:
933:Adam Welsch
931:1935–1936:
924:1934–1935:
917:1930–1934:
910:1924–1930:
903:1922–1924:
892:1921–1922:
885:1920–1921:
867:1919–1920:
856:1918–1919:
802:521 (0.1%)
789:756 (0.1%)
743:Belarusians
656:1926 census
605:labor camps
496:Volga River
420:Novokamenka
315:Preceded by
246:Legislature
146:• 1941
2755:Categories
2644:Kyrgyzstan
2634:Kazakhstan
2535:Afrikaners
2329:Costa Rica
2293:Hutterites
2155:Yugoslavia
2135:Azerbaijan
2044:Bessarabia
1803:Historical
1733:until 1925
1607:Karakalpak
1380:Karakalpak
1063:References
873:kolkhoznik
810:710 (0.1%)
799:753 (0.1%)
786:216 (0.0%)
773:152 (0.0%)
747:159 (0.0%)
691:Ukrainians
644:Population
593:Kazakh SSR
554:after the
202:(English:
181:Government
155:Population
2675:Australia
2428:Venezuela
2411:Palatines
2359:Nicaragua
2339:Guatemala
2268:Argentina
2049:Black Sea
1995:Satu Mare
1955:Black Sea
1826:Palatines
1612:Mordovian
1572:Moldavian
1502:Turkestan
1452:Turkestan
1422:Mordovian
1417:Moldavian
1026:survivor)
978:Sovnarkom
795:Estonians
482:, was an
469:romanized
80:1918–1941
2722:See also
2649:Pakistan
2557:Zanzibar
2547:Bagamoyo
2542:Tanzania
2462:Cameroon
2396:Nebraska
2364:Paraguay
2324:Colombia
2260:Americas
2192:Bosporus
2175:Slovenia
2140:Bulgaria
2000:Bukovina
1985:Highland
1972:Landlers
1917:Slovakia
1847:Diaspora
1662:Karelian
1657:Kabardin
1567:Karelian
1542:Mountain
1537:Dagestan
1527:Adjarian
1481:By years
1427:Mountain
1385:Karelian
1365:Kabardin
1355:Dagestan
1325:Adjarian
1031:See also
898:Tashkent
826:606,352
760:5 (0.0%)
730:Mordvins
678:Russians
542:and the
2668:Oceania
2612:Tianjin
2607:Qingdao
2602:Beijing
2569:Baguida
2518:Senegal
2506:Nigeria
2501:Namibia
2472:Yaoundé
2423:Uruguay
2416:by city
2349:Jamaica
2278:Bolivia
2210:Belgium
2165:Croatia
2145:Georgia
2130:Armenia
2109:Finland
2087:Denmark
2064:Galicia
2039:Ukraine
2005:Dobruja
1962:Romania
1950:Moldova
1945:Belarus
1910:Galicia
1896:Olęders
1891:Vistula
1881:Hungary
1692:Crimean
1592:Kirghiz
1582:Chuvash
1532:Crimean
1517:Kirghiz
1512:Bashkir
1402:Kirghiz
1395:Kirghiz
1350:Crimean
1345:Chuvash
1330:Bashkir
1313:By name
1104:(ed.).
1003:chekist
937:chekist
833:Leaders
823:571,754
756:Chinese
704:Kazakhs
665:Germans
632:Germany
601:Siberia
591:to the
574:cantons
546:of the
526:of the
510:History
486:of the
471::
460:Russian
304:cantons
255:History
172:606,000
127:Capital
72:of the
46:Russian
2695:Rabaul
2690:Kokopo
2624:Israel
2484:Guinea
2467:Douala
2457:Angola
2449:Africa
2374:Pozuzo
2354:Mexico
2288:Canada
2283:Brazil
2273:Belize
2215:France
2187:Turkey
2170:Serbia
2114:Sweden
2104:Norway
2059:Crimea
2022:Russia
2015:Zipser
1989:Walser
1987:, and
1977:Danube
1922:Zipser
1886:Poland
1855:Europe
1677:Kalmyk
1622:Kalmyk
1617:Udmurt
1602:Abkhaz
1587:Kazakh
1562:Buryat
1462:Udmurt
1390:Kazakh
1375:Kalmyk
1335:Buryat
1320:Abkhaz
1114:
878:1920:
807:Others
717:Tatars
589:exiled
560:Russia
524:decree
492:Engels
452:German
432:Engels
390:Russia
258:
216:
158:
140:
131:Engels
60:German
56:
42:
2639:Korea
2629:Japan
2619:India
2597:China
2511:Lagos
2479:Ghana
2406:Omaha
2401:Texas
2344:Haiti
2305:Chile
2027:Volga
2010:Regat
1981:Banat
1682:Tuvan
1577:Tajik
1557:Yakut
1522:Tatar
1472:Yakut
1457:Tuvan
1447:Tatar
1442:Tajik
1024:Gulag
819:Total
782:Poles
597:Altai
191:Motto
2707:Apia
2590:Asia
2579:Lomé
2574:Sebe
2564:Togo
2369:Peru
1642:Mari
1637:Komi
1412:Mari
1407:Komi
1183:. ).
1161:. ).
1112:ISBN
769:Jews
599:and
579:The
446:The
137:Area
95:Flag
70:ASSR
302:14
2757::
1983:,
1209:.
1176:».
1154:».
1088:^
1071:^
595:,
466:,
462::
458:;
454::
434:).
422:).
2221:)
2217:(
2181:)
2177:(
1991:)
1788:e
1781:t
1774:v
1298:e
1291:t
1284:v
1213:.
1120:.
900:)
875:)
864:)
450:(
208:)
62:)
58:(
48:)
44:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
