947:"Joachim Freiherr von der Leyen (born 9/28/1897 in Haus-Meer, died 1945), Protestant grammar school. 1915-1918 front-line fighter. 1919-1920 Freikorps. 1922/23 Young German Order. Studied law. 1926-1933 Stahlhelm. 1926 first legal examination. 1926-1928 preparatory service. 12/22/1928 major state examination in law. 1933 SA. In the fall of 1933, government councilor as permanent representative of the Krefeld-Uerdingen police chief. From 4/1/1934 at the Wuppertal police headquarters. District administrator in Neukirchen-Vluyn before 1939. 1938/1939 acting district administrator in Deutsch-Brod/Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. 1940 Head of the administrative department of the military administration district in St. Germain. 2/1/1940 NSDAP. Until 7/23/1942 consultant in the Main Department of Internal Administration. District chief in Lemberg at the end of July 1942. Said to have died of gas poisoning in 1945 after the air raid on Dresden."
913:"The district chiefs ("Kreishauptleute", plural of "Kreishauptmann") played an even more active role in the Holocaust ("Judenmorden"). During the time of the Holocaust ("Endlösung") in Eastern Galicia, 22 of them were in office. They were mostly influenced by their experiences with "Jewish policy" ("Judenpolitik") in similar previous posts. With the takeover of districts in Eastern Galicia, they now controlled large Jewish parts of the population. In doing so, they set a fatal mechanism in motion. The district chiefs were responsible for the expropriation and isolation of the Jewish minority... the district chiefs welcomed any kind of persecution of Jewish people if it led to a reduction in the Jewish population...
879:"On August 1, 1941, Eastern Galicia was transferred to a German civil administration and became part of Distrikt Galizien in the Generalgouvernement. This region was initially divided into 17 districts (Kreise); but from April 1, 1942, following a redrawing of boundaries, there were only 14 districts. Gródek was initially the center of its own Kreis, but from April 1, 1942, it became part of the Kreis Lemberg-Land. The Kreis was governed by a Kreishauptmann. Wilhelm Stockheck held the position of Kreishauptmann from September 1941 until February 1942. Dr. Werner Becker was the Kreishauptmann of Kreis Lemberg-Land from March 1942 until early 1943; he was succeeded by Baron Joachim von der Leyen."
402:
1044:"The district captain and thus the highest civilian ruler ("oberster ziviler Herrscher") in Lviv was Joachim Freiherr von der Leyen from Krefeld. Almost all of the Jewish people of Lviv were subsequently murdered, including in the Lviv ghetto set up by the Nazis, in the city's forced labor camp at Lviv-Janowska and in the Belzec extermination camp. Among the synagogues destroyed was Beit Chasidim, the oldest in the city. In total, around 540,000 people were killed in concentration and prison camps in Lviv and the surrounding area during the National Socialist era, 400,000 of them Jewish people, including around 130,000 Lviv residents. The remaining 140,000 victims were Russian prisoners."
297:
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968:" democratically minded representative Voß was transferred and replaced by the nationalist-minded government assessor Joachim Freiherr von der Leyen (1897-1945). When the SA disrupted an election campaign event of the Center Party with the former Reich Minister Adam Stegerwald (1874-1945) in Krefeld, the Krefeld police had to stand by and do nothing. At the beginning of March, the first protective custody orders against communists and social democrats were issued at the Krefeld police headquarters."
429:
254:
242:
269:
162:
The family built many factory and residential buildings in
Krefeld some of which survived World War II bombardments. The success of the family's silk business has been attributed to the way they operated free from government control. The Von der Leyen monopoly of the silk industry was finally ended
916:
Generally, three to four officials were responsible for 'anti-Jewish measures' ("antijüdischen Maßnahmen") by virtue of their office. These were initially the district chief himself and his deputy or head of the Office of
Internal Administration, who was to be involved in all official business...
920:
district chiefs were still involved in the preparations for the murders at the end of 1942 by forming ghettos, concentrating and registering Jewish people. There is evidence that they were informed in advance about the
Holocaust ("Judenaktion") in the case of the district chiefs Asbach, Becker,
586:
Von der Leyen was informed about, and participated in, the
Holocaust; as were, and did, numerous other district administrators, chiefs, and miscellaneous officials in the District of Galicia. Von der Leyen was the "highest civilian ruler" of Lviv during the Holocaust - he oversaw forced labour
151:
Franz
Heinrich Heydweiller inherited the silk-stocking business in 1749 from Peter's widow, who was his mother-in-law. This new company was barred by the government from competing with the parent company. However, it survived and flourished after shifting to the manufacture of velvet ribbons.
626:. It was the highest rated (via 'awareness' and 'trustworthiness') disinformation narrative in Slovakia. The narrative is often presented as though Heiko's wife has direct lineage, although she married into Heiko's family - which isn't a member of the Bloemersheim branch.
862:
988:"Joachim Freiherr von der Leyen (1897-1945); owner of a manor; Oberlandrat; 1938/39 Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia; April 1942 H A I.V./GG; 23. 7.1942 GDG ; end of July 1942 Kreishauptmann of Lemberg-Land; died as a result of the air raid on Dresden."
284:
built, Conrad von der Leyen commissioned a similar but larger house for himself at
Krefeld, between 1791 and 1794, with architect Martin Leydel. In 1860 it was sold to the city of Krefeld and has served as its town hall ever since. When the
126:
In 1720, Peter von der Leyen founded a factory producing sewing silk, and in 1724, brothers Johann, Friedrich and
Heinrich (Adolf's grand sons) founded a silk dyeing factory. The family enterprises expanded rapidly and competed with
143:
and develop domestic silk production and helped the von der Leyen business to expand further by granting them a silk production monopoly for
Prussia. Frederick the Great stayed in the family's Krefeld house after winning the
591:, where approximately 540,000 people were murdered. Joachim's widow, Huberta, would manage the Haus Meer Estate until its inheritance by his son, Friedrich Heinrich von der Leyen II in 1970.
369:
Gustav
Heinrich, Baron von der Leyen zu Bloemersheim, died in 1857 as the family's last silk producer. He had not succeeded in reestablishing the business to its old success after the
119:. Then head of the family Heinrich von der Leyen secured citizenship in 1668 and established his wholesale business. He also continued the family's silk business in the city. In 1693
319:. Friedrich Heinrich von der Leyen (1769–1825), a son of Conrad's brother Friedrich, became mayor of Krefeld in 1800 and founded the local chamber of commerce. In 1803 he purchased
289:
occupied
Krefeld in 1792, General La Marlière took Conrad von der Leyen, some of his relatives and a few other leading citizen as hostages and forced the town to pay him 300.000
657:
Pohl (p.283) notes Lviv was largely under control of city captaincy, district office, and SSPD. Von der Leyen's district, Lemberg-Land, did include the city and region of Lviv.
229:
56:
in the 18th century. In its heyday, the business delivered silk to most European courts and aristocratic dynasties. The family was ennobled in 1786 and one branch raised to
276:
In the year of Frederick the Great's death, 1786, brothers Conrad, Friedrich and Johann von der Leyen were raised to the rank of hereditary nobility. At the same time when
643:
401:
1101:
563:. Soon after he took control in Krefeld, protective custody orders were made against communists and social democrats. After the dissolution of the rest of
205:
181:
583:. In July 1942, he became district chief in the district of Lemberg-Land in the District of Galicia. Von der Leyen inherited the Haus Meer Estate.
193:
373:. His widow sold the factories and moved to her agricultural estates, which the baronial Bloemersheim branch of the family operates to this day.
960:
859:
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933-1945, Volume II: Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe
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293:. Conrad and his companions in misfortune, however, are said to have won it back for the most part by playing cards with the general.
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615:
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Fact-checking Summary used Joachim Frieherr's familial ties to Heiko as one of their surveyed disinformation narratives in the
339:
visited Krefeld and stayed in the von der Leyen residence. The following year Friedrich Heinrich became a member of the French
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1104:(400 Years of Mennonites in Krefeld, six lectures), Mennonitische Geschichtsblätter, 65. annual compendium, 2008, 360 p.,
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By 1763, half of Krefeld's population of 6082 worked for the von der Leyen factories. In 1760, the family founded the
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579:, von der Leyen was appointed head of the administrative department of the military administrative district in
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to support local Mennonites and in 1768 gave money for an organ in the Krefeld Mennonite Church.
95:; the family name derives from an incorporated village named Leye. In 1656 their Catholic ruler,
614:), belongs to an ennobled (but not the baronial Bloemersheim) branch of the family. The Q4 2023
470:
Friedrich Ludwig's son, Joachim Freiherr von der Leyen (September 28, 1897 – 1945) was a German
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In 1828, the workers at the von der Leyen factories rebelled against their employers and the
551:
and passed examinations in 1926 and 1928. By 1933, he was a permanent representative of the
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41:
863:
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
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which made the Mennonite Adolf von der Leyen (c. 1624–1698) seek refuge in the city of
72:
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Die leitenden staatlichen und kommunalen Verwaltungsbeamten der Rheinprovinz 1816–1945
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companies. Krefeld had come under the rule of the King of Prussia in 1702 and kings
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Boom and Bust: Society and Electoral Politics in the Düsseldorf Area: 1867–1878
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351:), when the region had passed back to Prussia after Napoleon's defeat. The
442:(1914-96), whose mother is Hildegard von der Leyen zu Bloemersheim, was a
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The first known family member was Peter von der Leyen, mentioned 1579 in
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961:"Wilhelm Elfes Polizeipräsident und Arbeitersekretär (1884–1969)"
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described it as the "first workers' uprising in German history."
376:
Friedrich Ludwig von der Leyen zu Bloemersheim (born 1854) was
347:
by Napoleon, in 1816 also by the king of Prussia (with the name
45:
832:
Nationalsozialistische Judenverfolgung in Ostgalizien 1941-1944
1079:"Ursula von der Leyen nie je príbuzná nacistického pohlavára"
921:
Dewitz, Görgens, von der Leyen, Nehring, Wendt and Zinser..."
715:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 32.
300:
Friedrich Heinrich, Baron von der Leyen (1769–1825), the
272:
Conrad von der Leyen's house at Krefeld (now town hall)
1098:
on a website on the History of the Rhineland (German)
738:
Studies in the Economic Policy of Frederick the Great
335:, which are both still owned by the family. In 1804,
713:
Businessmen and Politics in the Rhineland, 1789–1834
517:
and is said to have died of gas poisoning after the
355:was granted many French and Prussian recognitions.
235:Johann von der Leyen's house of 1766/76 in Krefeld
1077:Veronika Jursová Prachárová (29 November 2023).
1042:
986:
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877:
52:family established a major textile business in
48:merchants and silk weaving industrialists. The
311:, including Krefeld, was conquered during the
894:. Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache.
8:
978:
976:
645:U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia
1064:Central European Digital Media Observatory
1016:sfn error: no target: CITEREFWichert2022 (
903:
901:
380:of Büderich and district administrator of
343:, and in 1813 he was created a hereditary
71:The family is not related to the princely
111:, at the time ruled by the more tolerant
502:(district chief) of Lemberg-Land in the
123:were allowed to build their own church.
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762:Krefeld - Der Aufstand der Seidenweber
163:during the French occupation in 1794.
1057:"Q4 2023 CEDMO Fact-checking Summary"
835:. Munich: R. Oldenbourg Verlag GmbH.
532:from 1919–20. He was a member of the
115:, and became a brother-in-law of the
35:
7:
1096:Friedrich and Heinrich von der Leyen
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587:camps, extermination camps, and the
99:, introduced high penalty taxes for
573:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
528:from 1915–18 and was a member of a
349:Baron von der Leyen zu Bloemersheim
211:Friedrich von der Leyen (1732–1787)
187:Friedrich von der Leyen (1701–1778)
865:. Indiana University Press. 2012.
814:. Düsseldorf: Droste Verlag GMBH.
199:Heinrich von der Leyen (1708–1782)
14:
765:, rp-online.de vom 13. Mai 2011
740:. Oxon: Routledge. p. 148.
561:Police Headquarters of Wuppertal
427:
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247:Leyental House, Krefeld, of 1777
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223:Johann von der Leyen (1734–1795)
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97:Philip William, Elector Palatine
1102:400 Jahre Mennoniten in Krefeld
963:. Portal Rheinische Geschichte.
793:. Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag.
446:officer who served on both the
175:Peter von der Leyen (1697–1742)
944:, pp. 488–9) Translated:
910:, pp. 281–7) Translated:
711:Diefendorf, Jeffry M. (2014).
559:, and from April 1934, at the
466:Joachim Freiherr von der Leyen
1:
610:and current President of the
681:Hunley, J. D. (2019-07-03).
608:Federal Minister for Defence
524:Von der Leyen fought in the
506:. He was born in Haus Meer,
440:Diethelm von Eichel-Streiber
985:, p. 417) Translated:
1161:
1031:Diem Peter (5 June 2020).
313:War of the First Coalition
91:where the family produced
75:which also bears the name
44:which made its fortune as
736:Henderson, W. O. (2006).
395:until his death in 1935.
287:French Revolutionary Army
121:the Mennonites of Krefeld
1130:German-language surnames
602:, husband of politician
595:Disinformation narrative
362:put down the rebellion.
157:Von der Leyen foundation
37:[fɔndeːɐ̯ˈlaɪən]
569:District of Deutschbrod
536:, and from 1926–33, of
488:occupied Czechoslovakia
454:. He later worked at a
327:and the following year
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113:House of Orange-Nassau
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1125:German noble families
829:Pohl, Dieter (1997).
789:Roth, Markus (2009).
581:Saint-Germain-en-Laye
544:on February 1, 1940.
434:Baronial coat-of-arms
317:First French Republic
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33:German pronunciation:
22:
604:Ursula von der Leyen
508:Büderich (Meerbusch)
360:11th Hussar Regiment
341:Constituent assembly
117:Op den Graeff family
1140:People from Krefeld
1066:. January 29, 2024.
612:European Commission
600:Heiko von der Leyen
504:District of Galicia
460:Modesto, California
407:Bloemersheim Castle
321:Bloemersheim Castle
315:and annexed by the
137:Frederick the Great
133:Frederick William I
64:in 1813 and by the
42:German noble family
16:German noble family
648:claims early 1943.
534:Young German Order
519:bombing of Dresden
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1135:German Mennonites
1110:978-3-921881-26-2
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259:Leyenburg manor,
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307:In 1795 the
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23:Coat of arms
775:Romeyk 1994
589:Lviv Ghetto
547:He studied
511: [
484:Third Reich
482:during the
389: [
329:Meer Estate
282:White House
101:Anabaptists
1119:Categories
983:Pohl (1997
942:Roth (2009
908:Pohl (1997
842:3486563130
821:3770075854
747:0415382033
665:References
575:. In 1940
456:Volkswagen
353:silk baron
302:silk baron
263:, of 1772
139:sought to
105:Mennonites
1000:Pohl 1997
557:Uerdingen
530:Freikorps
496:Holocaust
444:Luftwaffe
420:Haus Meer
364:Karl Marx
333:Meerbusch
148:in 1758.
68:in 1816.
50:Mennonite
624:Slovakia
337:Napoleon
291:guilders
280:had the
62:Napoleon
60:rank by
58:Baronial
31:family (
571:in the
448:Western
261:Rheurdt
141:protect
129:Cologne
109:Krefeld
83:History
54:Krefeld
40:) is a
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472:jurist
422:Estate
1060:(PDF)
630:Notes
616:CEDMO
542:NSDAP
515:]
393:]
382:Neuss
378:mayor
345:Baron
323:near
1106:ISBN
1018:help
867:ISBN
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717:ISBN
689:ISBN
642:The
622:and
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